202110180-APEX-STUDENT-WORKBOOK-ENGLISH-G07-PART2

Write True or False against the following sentences in brackets.? 1. Lincoln did not help his father () 2. Lincoln went to school for more than 10 years. () 3. Lincoln walked 32 kilometers to get a book. () 3. Read the passage carefully:- Gibbons are acrobatic mammals, endemic to the dense forests of southern Asia. They belong to the monkey family. They live in the forests of Assam, Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia. They are black or pale brown in colour. Gibbons have long arms and legs. They live on the tops of trees and rarely come down to the ground. They thrive on fruits but they also eat leaves and insects. They are very noisy animals. Their long arms help them to swing from branch to branch. They have strong hook-shaped hands for grasping branches . There are 15 recognized species of Gibbons. They live in family groups that usually consist of a male, a female and one or two young ones. The family will stake out a territory and defend it using loud, haunting calls . Answer the following questions. 1. How do the arms of Gibbons help them? 2. Where do Gibbons live? 3. Describe a Gibbon family. 4. What do Gibbons eat ? Find the words from the passage which mean the same as these words. 1. Woods 2. Making noise 3. offspring 4. Read the passage carefully:- SWACHH BHARAT ABHIYAN Swachh Bharat Abhiyan is a national level campaign by the Government of India covering 4041 statutory towns to clean the streets, roads and infrastructure of the country. The campaign is India’s biggest ever cleanliness drive. Swachh Bharat Abhiyan was announced on Independence Day and officially launched on 2 October 2014 at Rajghat, New Delhi, where Prime Minister Narendra Modi himself wielded the broom and cleaned a road. On this day, Modi addressed the citizens of India in a public gathering held at Rajghat, New Delhi . He asked everyone to join this campaign. This campaign aims to accomplish the vision of “ Clean India” by 2 October 2019 on the 156th birthday of Mahatma Gandhi. 100

Answer the following questions. 1. What is the India’s biggest cleanliness drive so far? 2. When was Swachh Bharat Abhiyan officially launched? 3. Who launched the programme and where? 4. What does the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan aim at? 5. What is the purpose of this campaign ? 5. Read the passage carefully:- Yoga is an ancient art which originated in India around six thousand years ago. Yoga helps in balancing the relationship between body and mind. It is a type of exercise which helps in learning physical and mental discipline through regular practice. Various types of yoga are Raja Yoga, Gnana Yoga, Bhakti Yoga, Karma Yoga and Hatha Yoga. Hatha Yoga simply refers to the practice of physical yoga postures. Yoga, as an integral part of our culture, has been practised in India for centuries as a way of freeing the mind and body . International Day of Yoga or World Yoga Day has been declared by the United Nations General Assembly to be celebrated on 21st of June after the suggestion and initiation of India. Its main objective is to increase the awareness of yoga benefits among people all over the world. Answer the following questions. 1. What are the two ways in which yoga is beneficial ? 2. When do we observe 'The World Yoga Day'? 3. Who declared the 'World Yoga Day'? 4. How many kinds of yoga are mentioned in the passage? Write True or False against the sentences . () 1. Yoga is a modern art () 2. Yoga is only a physical exercise () 3. Yoga has been an integral part of our culture. 6. Read the following passage. Dr.APJ Abdul Kalam’s full name was Avul Pakir Jainulabdeenr Abdul Kalam. He was born in a Tamil Muslim family on 15th Oct 1931 at Rameswaram in Tamil Nadu. He was an ordinary student at school and he had average grades, though he used to be highly appreciated for his will to study. He had his schooling at Ramanathapuram. He studied his B.Sc., from St. Joseph College in Tiruchirapalli. Then he moved to Madras in 1955 to study Aerospace Engineering in IIT Madras. As a child he had a dream of becoming a fighter pilot. But he missed his chance very narrowly. 101

This great personality is popularly known as ‘Missile Man’. He breathed his last while giving a lecture at IIM, Shillong on 27th July 2015. He may not be present physically but his works will always be remembered. And all we can do is to contribute our part as a new generation kid in making India a developed country. This is what he expressed in his book ‘India 2020-A Vision for the New Millennium’. Answer the following questions. 1. What is the message given by kalam in his book, “India 2020-A vision for the New Millennium”? 2. What was Kalam’s ambition as a student? 3. When did Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam pass away? 4. Where did Kalam have his schooling? 5. Describe some qualities of Dr A.P.J Abdul Kalam. 6. Give a suitable title to the passage. 7. Read the following passage. Sachin Ramesh Tendulkar (born on 24 Apr 1973), is an Indian cricketer widely acknowledged as one of the greatest batsman of all times. He took up cricket at the age of eleven, made his test debut against Pakistan at the age of 16. He is the only player to have scored one hundred international centuries, the first batsman to score a double century in one day international, the only player to complete more than 30,000 runs. Tendulkar received the Arjuna Award in 1994, the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna award in 1997, Padma Shri in 1999 and Padma Vibhushan in 2008. After a few hours of his final match on 16 November 2013, the Prime Minister's office announced the decision to award him the ‘Bharat Ratna’, India’s highest civilian award. In 2012, Tendulkar was nominated to the Rajya Sabha. The great qualities that we can learn from Sachin are many. His greatness lies in his simplicity and humility. He is encouraging and supportive to his co- players. He is very cool, calm and he worships his work. Since childhood he has chased his dreams. He has always spread happiness. Answer the following questions. 1. When did Sachin Tendulkar make his debut? 2. Name some awards won by sachin. 3. What was Sachin’s contribution to cricket? 4. When was the announcement to give him the Bharat Ratna made? 5. Mention some adjectives which you could use to describe Sachin. 102

8. Read the following passage. A woman was visiting Hyderabad for the first time. She wanted to see the Charminar. Unfortunately, she couldn’t find it, so she asked a police officer for directions. “ Excuse me, officer, how do I get to the Charminar?” The officer replied “ Wait here at this bus stop for number ‘65’ bus. It’ll take you right there.” She thanked the officer and he drove off. Three hours later the police officer returned to the same area and, sure enough, the woman was still waiting at the same bus stop. The officer got out of his car and said, “ Excuse me, but to get to the Charminar, I said to wait here for the number 65 bus. That was three hours ago. Why are you still waiting?” The woman replied, “ Don’t worry, officer, it won’t be long now. The 56th bus just went by!” Answer the following questions. 1. Why did the woman go to Hyderabad? 2. Whom did she ask for directions? 3. Did the woman reach the Charminar? 4. Which bus would take the passengers to the Charminar? 5. How many hours did the woman wait at the bus stop? 9. Read the following passage. Sita was a ten year old girl who went to school by bicycle every day. She was a kind hearted young girl, always trying to help people. She was very good at studies and always followed her teacher’s advice that one must always tend a helping hand to those in trouble. One morning, as she was on her way to school, she saw a blind man trying to cross the road in the midst of busy traffic and there was no one to help him. Sita, who saw this, parked her cycle in front of a shop and requested the shop owner to look after her cycle. Then she ran across to the blind man, took hold of his white cane and told him to walk with her. She waved her hand at all the vehicles signaling them to stop. All the vehicles stopped and they crossed the road safely. The blind man thanked the girl heartfully. Answer the following questions. 1. How did Sita go to school every day? 2. What was her teacher’s advice? 3. Pick out the word which means “ in the middle of”? 4. What was the blind man holding in his hand? 5. Why did the blind man thank Sita? 6. Describe the character of Sita. 103

10. Read the following passage. Siddhartha was born into the royal family of a small kingdom on the Indian Nepalese border. According to the traditional story he had a privileged upbringing but was jolted out of his sheltered life on realizing that life includes harsh facts of old age, sickness and death. Gautama Buddha, also known as Siddhartha Gautama, Shakyamuni or simply the Buddha became a sage on whose teachings Buddhism was founded. Born in the Shakya Republic in the Himalayan foothills, sometime between the sixth and forth centuries BCE, Gautama Buddha taught primarily in northeastern India. Lumbini in Nepal is considered to be his birth place. Buddha means “ awakened one” or “ the enlightened one. “Buddha” is also used as a title for the first awakened being in an era. In most Buddhist traditions, Siddhartha Gautama is regarded as the supreme Buddha (Palisammasam buddha, Sanskrit samyaksam buddha of our age). He attained enlightenment at Bodh Gaya under a Bodhi Tree. Answer the following questions. 1. What do you mean by the word “Buddha”? 2. Write the other names of “ Gautama Buddha” ? 3. Which three sights jolted Siddhartha out of his sheltered life? 4. What do you understand by the word ‘ enlightened’ ? 5. When and where did he attain ‘enlightenment’ ? 11. Read the following passage. Godavari Maha Pushkaram was a Hindu festival held from 14th July to 25th July 2015. This festival occurs once every 144 years, corresponding to the 12th recurrence of the 12 year Godavari Pushkaram Cycle. Pushkarams were held in the twin Godavari districts of Andhra Pradesh (AP). Lakhs of people took part in it. Chief Minister of AP Sri Nara Chandrababu Naidu inaugurated the Pushkarams at “ Pushkar Ghat”, Rajahmundry on 14th July 2015. Pushkaram is an Indian festival dedicated to worshipping of rivers which happens once in 12 years for a river. Every evening the religious, holy and sacred event of “ Godavari Harati” was held at all major ghats on the banks of the river Godavari. One important thing at the time of sunset was the sparkling, decorated, gorgeous “ Godavari Road cum Railway Bridge” reflecting its colourful lights in the holy waters of Godavari. It was a spectacular sight one should experience at least once in their lifetime. Answer the following questions. 1. What do you mean by the word “ Pushkaram”? 2. When and where was the “ Pushkaram” held in 2015? 3. What was special about this year`s Pushkaram? 4. How many people took part in the Pushkaram? 5. What do people do during the Pushkaram and why? 104

IIIIII.. WWoorrdd--WWeebbss Unit-IV Tenali Paints a house Colours Canvas Sketch Perfection Artist Sceneries Paintings Imagination Portraits Dear Mum Responsib- -ilities Children Caring Delicious Mother Family food Female Love Sacrifice 105

Unit-VI A Hero Smart Smart Bold Leader Brave Hero Confident Confident Intelligent Courageous PlanPnlainnnigng Shade Food Wood Medicine Trees Photosynthesis Green Oxygen Shelter 106

IV. Writing Discourses I ESSAY WRITING An essay in an interesting piece of writing on a certain topic, comprising a number of well-written and well-arranged paragraphs on a given subject. It expresses one’s idea and thoughts on a particular topic and also provides relevant information to the reader. Template  Essay should be divided into paragraphs  Unity in the subject  Variation in the length of each paragraph  Logical sequence of thoughts  Be direct, simple and natural Write an essay on the topic `Influence of Internet on Children` . Hints  Advantages of internet  Helping to getting information  Negative aspects of internet  Source of entertainment. 107

INFLUENCE OF INTERNET ON CHILDREN In today’s world, the use of internet has become indispensable. From school children to professionals, everyone turns to the internet for information, social networking and entertainment. The growing influence of internet, especially on school children, has both negative and positive aspects. The advantages mainly include access to information. Children get the required help from internet for completing their school projects and often their home tasks. These advantages also happen to be the negative aspects of the internet. This is because of the ease with which all kinds of information is available to a child similarly with the same ease he or she might access information or websites which are not meant for them. Children offten turn to the internet as a source of entertainment. They play games most of which involve violence which leaves serious psychological impact on the child after making him insensitive to the suffering of others. Thus we can see that the internet has both positive and negative influence on the children. To increase the positive impacts and minimize the negative effects, parents can play an active role. The child should be made to realize that the world of internet is a virtual one. Internet is necessary as a source of information and communication but it cannot be a substitute for real life, real relations and real friendship. II Descriptive Writing:- The primary purpose of descriptive writing is to describe a person, place or thing in such a way that a picture is formed in the reader’s mind. Capturing an event through descriptive writing involves paying close attention to the details by using all your five senses. Template:- Tips for good descriptive writing  Start with the main idea.  Explanation should create mental pictures.  Follow a logical order.  Use the method of compare and contrast of ideas.  Finish with a restatement of your main idea. 108

Thomas Alva Edison Write a descriptive writing about Thomas Alva Edison. Thomas Alva Edison was an American scientist, inventor and businessman who developed many devices that influenced life around the world including motion picture camera, the phonograph and the electric light bulb. He was called `The Wizard of Menlo Park’. He is credited with many inventions which contributed to mass communication, particularly telecommunications. These included a stock ticker, a mechanical note recorder, a battery for an electric car, electrical power, recorded music and motion pictures. The concept of electric power generation and distribution to homes, businesses and factories was given by Edison. His first power station was built on Manhattan Island , New York. Thomas Edison’s major innovation was the first industrial research lab, which was built on Menlo Park, New Jersey. It was built with the funds from the sale of Edison’s quadruplex telegraph. The quadruplex telegraph was his first big financial success. His inventions were landmarks which changed the way people all over the world lived. III Poster Making :- A poster is an excellent way to get your point across quickly. It has an effective impact on the viewers. A poster can communicate large information in a few words. Template:-  Behind a good poster should be a strong message.  Use bold headings.  Write catchy captions.  Use bright colours an pictures.  Make an impact on the viewer’s mind.  Use correct factual information.  Use creativity and imagination. 109

Design a poster to spread social Awareness and to carry out a cleanliness campaign. IV Dialogue Writing:- Dialogue writing is basically a conversation between two people. It could be a formal conversation or an informal conversation. Template:- The points that need to be kept in mind while writing a dialogue are:-  Type of participants ( For eg:- between friends or between teacher and students, etc)  The language used (for eg:- between friends informal words could be used where as between teacher and student, formal language has to be used.)  The topic to be covered.  Greetings to begin with and ending with concluding words.  Dialogue should be short and to the point. 110

Write a dialogue between a student and a teacher who happened (by chance) to meet in the market. Student : Good Evening, Ma'am. What a pleasant surprise seeing Teacher you here! Student : Good evening, Mary. Yes I have come to the market after a long Teacher time. My nephew is arriving from Australia tomorrow, so I just Student came to pick up a few things he likes. Teacher : Would that be Rohan, about whom you told us in the class the Student other day? The boy who can eat fifty rossogullas at one time? : Yes, it is the same Rohan. Can you guess what I have come to buy now? :Rossogullas? (Smiling) Am I right? : Correct! (Laughing) I must hurry. See you in class tomorrow, dear, Bye. : Bye, Ma'am. Happy shopping for the rossogullas. V Letter Writing – Informal You are Anita studying in Father Danien School, Nagpur. You have received a letter from your mother who has asked you to describe your new school. Now, write a letter to your mother describing your new school. The following hints may help you in writing this letter. 1. Describing teachers and friends of new school. 2. Explaining about dance, music classes. 3. Games and sports. 4. Comparison of old and new schools. 5. Regards to parents. 111

Father Damien School, Nagpur, 27th January, 2016. My dear mother, I am sorry I could not write to you earlier about my new school. I have settled down well and I am happy, though, of course, this school is quite different from the one I last attended. The teachers are very kind, and the other girls are quite nice. But I miss my old companions a great deal. I am learning many things: grammar, history and geography, besides music, dancing and painting. I do not like geography at all. I find it so dull. But I take interest in painting. I have painted a beautiful picture which I will show you when I come home. We have a large play ground, where we play all sorts of games in the evenings. I am looking forward to the Christmas holidays when I shall see you again. Give my love to papa and others at home. Your affectionate daughter, Anita To Mrs.Sharma, SV Apartment, Jyoti nagar, Aurangabad VII Newspaper Report :- A report is essentially a prepared talk or a written composition about a particular subject. Common things we read every day in a newspaper are reports about happenings in different parts of the country or world. Reports may be written or read about many other things like: 1 A newspaper report 2 A function held 3 An accident I happening that you have witnessed 4 Report about an enquiring or survey. 112

Template:-  A report should be factual, i.e, it should contain only facts and the writer should not add any information from his own side.  It should be written in third person, i.e. avoid use of pronouns like, I, me and you.  The language should be natural, i.e. it should not try to influence the readers' opinion.  Strong adjectives on figurative language/ ornamental language are avoided.  Nowhere should the writer impose his views or make any conclusions. Write a newspaper report about an accident where a bus runs over two school children. DELHI, DEC 23rd : In what may be called another ghastly accident, two school boys Ashish and Binu were brutally run over by a Blueline bus operating in the Trilok Puri area. The boys who were on their way back home from school, were walking down the road when a speeding bus, which had swerved to the left to avoid collision with another bus coming from the opposite side, ran over two boys. The boys died instantly. The crowd on the busy road immediately reacted and prevented the bus driver from making his escape. The angry mob pulled out and beat him brutally. He is languishing in the hospital. Meanwhile an FIR has been lodged with local police station. The bus has been impounded and the driver’s license too has been confiscated. The S.P Traffic has ordered an enquiry against the driver and the owner of the bus. VIII Invitation Card:- Invitations are a means to announce special occasions in a grand manner. Letting people know about the details of the occasion in charming designs and flowery words, just about defines an invitation. 113

Template:- The following tips will help in designing an invitation card  The name of the programme must be bold and highlighted.  Details about venue, time, day and date must be given.  Key attractions of the programme with pictures must be presented.  Host’s name, phone number must be given at the bottom. Design an Invitation Card for the inauguration of their new showroom at Pusa Road by Lovely Prints . M/S LOVELY PRINTS Request the pleasure of your company on the auspicious occasion of the Inauguration of their new showroom THE PARADISE HOUSE For all kinds of ladies and children’s wear At 13-H, Pusa Road, New Delhi On Sunday, the 13th Dec, 2002 At 10 a.m., R.S.V.P M/s. Lovely Prints , New Delhi. Phone- 26430799 IX Paragraph Writing:- A paragraph is a short composition which consists of a number of sentences linked together all relating to one topic. 114

Template:-  The first sentence is the topic sentence. It states the topic.  The body of the paragraph consists of the description of the main idea.  The final sentence sums up the whole idea.  Deals with one topic or one idea  Avoid unnecessary repetition of words. Write a paragraph about year favourite festival . My favourite festival My favorite festival is Diwali. Lights all around us, fire crackers zooming in the sky, happy children in new clothes, eating delicious sweets-this is what diwali is all about. What fun we have for four days beginning with ‘Chhoti Diwali’ and ending with ‘ Bhai Duj’! The preparations for Diwali start much in advance. For days together mothers make sweets, clean and decorate the houses. Presents and sweets are exchanged with relatives & friends. Families visit each other in their new clothes. Shops are loaded with sweets, buildings and houses are decorated with lights and earthen lamps. ‘Laxmi Puja’ is performed in the evening. Diwali is really a festival of joy. X Letter Writing- formal We have discussed about informal letters in the previous units. Formal letters are further of many types- Business letters, letters to the Editor/ Manager/ Officer, letter applying for a job ,letter to principal, complaint letter etc. Template The following points need to be followed while writing a formal letter  Heading- Writer’s address and date  The superscription- receiver’s address  Subject: Topic of the letter  Salutation: Respected Sir/ Madam, etc  Body of the letter- content related to the topic  Subscription- Yours truly, Yours faithfully, etc. 115

Write a letter to the Municipal corporation about the insanitary condition of your area. Guntur. Dt: 27th Jan, 2016. From K. Kiran Kumar, Sarada Colony, 15th line, To The Muncipal Commissioner Municipal Corporation, Guntur. Subject:- Insanitary condition of Sarada colony 15th line. Sir, I am a resident of Sarada colony. I am sorry to bring to your notice that the sanitary conditions of our area have became worse since the last fifteen days. Most of the drains were blocked and the dirty water with foul smell is flowing on the streets. Too many mosquitoes are breeding and troubling us day and night. There has been accumulated garbage in the dustbin for weeks and the roads are always dirty. I fear that dangerous diseases like cholera and Malaria would break out, if these conditions continue for some more days. Our behalf of the residents, I request that you should send the sanitary staff immediately. They should clean the drains and spray bleaching powder along the canals. The roads should be swept daily and waste matter should be taken away regularly . I hope that you will take immediate measures which are necessary. Yours faithfully, K. Kiran Kumar. 116

XI Creating an Advertisement Advertisements are powerful tools of expression. They are used either to make us aware of a new product launched or to spread a social message or to give certain information to the public. Advertisements involve a lot of creativity. Template  Content should be presented interestingly.  Short phrases must be used  Pictures can be used for better impact  An advertisement must have the sender’s details  Contact number and e-mail address must be given.  Captions make them more noticeable. Key characteristics of an Advertisement  Catching attention  Stimulating interest  Arousing desire  Supplying details  Motivating action Create an advertisement for the inauguration of tribal crafts exhibition on October 29,2001 at 4.30 p.m. 117