6) He will go to school. (change to the present continuous tense) Ans. _____________________________________________________________________________ 5 I Write: Formal Writing Note writing Notes are used to convey short messages. Read the sample of a note given below to understand its different parts. Salutation/Greeting Dear Parth, Body of the note How you address the Keep it short and to the person depends on how YKoeuepdiudpwtehell ingothoed test. point. close you are. work! Signature Best wishes, How you sign off also Mrs Asha Tuli depends on how close you are to the person. Exercise 5.1: Your cousin, Nilima, is participating in an inter-school boxing championship. Fill in the gaps to complete this note to wish her luck. Dear Nilima, It is great to know that you are participating in ______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________. I am sure you will do _____________________ because ____________________________________________________ _______________________. I wish you all the very best for the championship. With love, ____________________ Training Patchy 47
Exercise 5.2: Your friend has invited you to his birthday party. You have a football team selection that day and will have to miss the party. Write a note to your friend to say that you will be unable to attend the party. Hints: • Wish your friend. • Mention why you will have to miss the party. • Apologise for having to miss the party. ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 48
6 I Write: Creative Writing Poster making Exercise 6: Imagine that the town in which you live is facing water shortage. However, you see people wasting water around you. Make a poster on the importance of water and ways to save it. Use the outline and the hints given below to make your poster. Hints: Heading: Water is precious / Save water, save life Steps to save water Uses of water Life without water • turn off taps while brushing • washing • plants and crops will die • fix leaking taps • cleaning • human beings will die • use buckets while bathing • drinking • animals will also die • do not use pipes to wash cars • cooking You can note down a few of your own points below. Training Patchy 49
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Lesson The Rainbow 6 Module 6 Section Name What I Will Learn I Listen Sentence dictation Vocabulary Vocabulary in context 51
1 I Listen Exercise 1.1: Sentence dictation 1) _____________________________________________________________________________ 2) _____________________________________________________________________________ 3) _____________________________________________________________________________ 4) _____________________________________________________________________________ 5) _____________________________________________________________________________ B C A 2 Vocabulary Vocabulary in context Exercise 2.1: Fill in the blanks with the most suitable words from the box. spoon plate bottle jug bowl pan 1) I am very thirsty, and my _____________________ is empty. 2) I spilt milk when I was pouring it from the _____________________. 3) Here is my _____________________. Please give me some more ice cream. 4) My aunt served the rice on a large _____________________. 5) My sister asked me to finish the curry left in the _____________________. 6) May I take a _____________________ to have the soup? Exercise 2.2: Read the following descriptions of food-related words and write the answer in the blanks. 1) a person who sells vegetables Ans. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 52
2) the last meal of the day Ans. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3) the afternoon meal Ans. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4) a person who makes and sells bread, cakes and so on Ans. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5) the first meal of the day Ans. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6) a small amount of food eaten between meals Ans. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Rainbow 53
Lesson The Silly Monkey 7 Module 7 Section Name What I Will Learn I Listen Word dictation Vocabulary Word groups Grammar Articles Language in Use Prepositions Formal Writing Paragraph writing Creative Writing Story writing 54
1 I Listen 3) 6) Exercise 1.1: Word dictation 9) 1) 2) 4) 5) 7) 8) B C A 2 Vocabulary Word groups Exercise 2.1: Write at least four words that belong to each word group. 1) fruits : ________________________________________________________________ 2) vegetables : ________________________________________________________________ 3) flowers : ________________________________________________________________ 4) vehicles : ________________________________________________________________ 5) wild animals : ________________________________________________________________ 6) clothes : ________________________________________________________________ Exercise 2.2: Read the words and write which word groups they belong to. 1) cricket, football, hockey : ____________________________________________________ 2) rice, chapati, bread : ____________________________________________________ 3) chair, table, desk : ____________________________________________________ 4) red, blue, green : ____________________________________________________ 5) crow, swan, sparrow : ____________________________________________________ 6) arms, legs, feet : ____________________________________________________ The Silly Monkey 55
3 Grammar Articles Articles are words that point out nouns or groups of nouns. There are three articles. Articles a an the ‘A’ is used before singular nouns that begin with a consonant sound. Examples: a tree, a man, a uniform a tree a man ‘An’ is used before singular nouns that begin with a vowel sound (the first letter may or may not be a, e, i, o or u). Examples: an x-ray, an umbrella, an elephant an umbrella an elephant The article ‘the’ is used: • b efore singular or plural nouns that have been mentioned earlier. Example: I met a girl on a bus. The girl was a swimming champion. • before a word that is unique. Examples: the Sun, the Moon • before the names of rivers, mountains, seas and so on. Examples: the Himalayas, the Ganges The Himalayas are covered in ice. We visited the Parliament House in Delhi. 56
Remember: When ‘the’ comes before words that start with a consonant sound, it is pronounced as the. However, when ‘the’ comes before words that start with vowel sounds, the pronunciation becomes thee. Exercise 3.1: Fill in the blanks with the correct articles from the options given in brackets. One is done for you. 1) She only ate an (a/an) ice cream for lunch. 2) My friend gifted me _____________ (the/a) blue car for my birthday. 3) Rita eats _____________ (an/the) egg every day. 4) Let us go to _____________ (a/the) school playground. 5) Razia has _____________ (a/an) large box of chocolates. 6) We visited _____________ (an/the) Gateway of India when we were in Mumbai. Exercise 3.2: Fill in the blanks with the correct articles. One is done for you. 1) Seema is an honest girl. 2) This is such _____________ good story; you must read it. 3) _____________ laddoos that my mother made were tasty. 4) I do not know much about _____________ life of M.K. Gandhi. The Silly Monkey 57
5) Mariam is wearing _____________ gold ring today. 6) Eating _____________ orange every day will make us healthy. Exercise 3.3: Rewrite the sentences using the correct articles. One is done for you. Hint: A few sentences may have articles where they are not required. 1) My uncle lived an long life. Ans. My uncle lived a long life. 2) A necklace that Beena is wearing looks lovely. Ans. _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 3) The Piyush has an pet dog at home. Ans. _____________________________________________________________________________ 4) Dhiraj is a simple man with an unique point of view. Ans. _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 5) The great storms occur in the southern part of India. Ans. _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 6) Yes, I am a engineer. Ans. _____________________________________________________________________________ 4 Language in Use Prepositions Underline the prepositions in the given passage. What do these prepositions tell you? The mouse was running around in front of the house. It saw a crow flying in the sky. The mouse was scared and hid under a log that was behind the house. The crow saw a worm next to a tree. It landed near the worm. 58
Prepositions are words that tell us where something is. A preposition links or connects nouns and pronouns with other words in a sentence. Remember: The prepositions you have learnt so far are as follows: in on under near over at behind next to in front of at the side of Let us learn about two new prepositions. beside – It refers to a thing or person that is at the side of another thing or person. Example: The ball is beside the box. beside between – It refers to something or someone in the middle of two objects, places or people. Example: The ball is between the boxes. between Exercise 4.1: Underline the prepositions in the given sentences. One is done for you. 1) I do not go to school on Saturdays and Sundays. 2) Ram sits between Reema and Zaheer every day. 3) Ranjit came home at 6:00 p.m. 4) The cat hid behind the curtains. 5) Do you live in central Mumbai? 6) He sat beside David. The Silly Monkey 59
Exercise 4.2: Look at the picture. Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions from the options given in brackets. One is done for you. 1) The fish is swimming in (in/beside) the bowl. 2) The cushions are __________________ (behind/on) the sofa. 3) The chair is __________________ __________________ (next to / near to) the table. 4) The flower pot is __________________ (over/between) the sofa and the book rack. 5) The clock is __________________ (under/beside) the table. 6) The cat is staring __________________ (at/on) the ceiling. Exercise 4.3: Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions. One is done for you. 1) We play cricket on Fridays. 2) My mother is a nurse. She works __________________ the government hospital. 3) The aeroplane flew __________________ the city. 4) Sit __________________ __________________ me. 5) The rug is kept __________________ __________________ __________________ the sofa. 6) The jewellery is kept safely __________________ the box. 60
5 I Write: Formal Writing Paragraph writing Exercise 5.1: Fill in the gaps to write a paragraph, narrating what is happening in the picture. Peeta and Monu are excited. It is a special day. They are on their way to ____________ __________________________________________. Their father has promised to take them to ____________________________________________________________________. They decided to go along with their father. Since it was very far, their father has asked them to ride on __________________________________________________________________________. Peeta is ____________________________________________, while Monu is ________________ _________________________________________________________. Both of them are enjoying themselves. They are going to visit __________________________________________________ __________________________________________ on their way back. The Silly Monkey 61
Exercise 5.2: Write a paragraph, based on this story of four friends, by developing the given hints. A deer, a turtle, a crow and a rat are friends – deer gets caught in a trap – friends plan to save – the deer lies motionless, like dead – the crow pokes it as if it is dead – the turtle distracts hunter – the rat chews open the net – free deer – rat and deer run – crow picks up the turtle – flies away ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 62
6 I Write: Creative Writing Story writing Exercise 6: Given below is a picture. Use the hints and create a story based on the picture. Hints: An eagle chases a dove – dove pleads to the king – king asks eagle to spare the dove – eagle asks for king’s flesh in return – king agrees – eagle is a skilled magician testing the king – magician rewards the king ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ The Silly Monkey 63
Lesson The Cracked Pot 8 Module 8 Section Name What I Will Learn I Listen Sentence dictation Vocabulary Wordplay Grammar Possessive adjectives Language in Use Question words Formal Writing Informal letter writing Creative Writing Editing exercise 64
1 I Listen Exercise 1.1: Sentence dictation 1) _____________________________________________________________________________ 2) _____________________________________________________________________________ 3) _____________________________________________________________________________ 4) _____________________________________________________________________________ 5) _____________________________________________________________________________ B C A 2 Vocabulary Wordplay If you replace the ‘d’ in food with ‘t’, what does the word become? Ans. foot If we change the ‘n’ in man to ‘t’, what new word do we get? Ans. mat The Cracked Pot 65
What word can we make if we replace the ‘o’ in hot with ‘a’? Ans. hat Exercise 2.1: Add a letter to each word and make a new word. One is done for you. 1) ear – fear 2) pin – ______________________ 3) rain – ______________________ 4) kid – ______________________ 5) end – ______________________ 6) lap – ______________________ Exercise 2.2: Remove a letter from each word to form a new one. One is done for you. 1) bread – bead, read 2) chair – ______________________ sour – ______________________ 3) care – ______________________ 4) beat – ______________________ 5) beard – ______________________ 6) 3 Grammar Adjectives Allan is a tall boy. He is wearing a green T-shirt. He has many toys. He also has a few books. He loves his toy cars the most. Allan has seven toy cars. You know that adjectives are words that describe nouns and pronouns. Read the passage and underline the adjectives. State whether the adjectives are adjectives of quality, quantity or number. 66
Possessive adjectives We will now learn about another type of adjective. Read the following sentences: • I’ll get my bag. • Is that her notebook? In these sentences, the words ‘my’ and ‘her’ are adjectives that show who owns the bag and the notebook. In other words, they are possessive adjectives. ‘My’ shows that the bag belongs to the speaker, and the notebook belongs to a girl or a woman. The other possessive adjectives are your, his, its, your (plural), our and their. Examples: • His name is Rustom. ‘His’ shows that the name belongs to Rustom. • Sirish doesn’t have our phone number. ‘Our’ shows that the phone number belongs to ‘us’. • Priya has your notebook. ‘Your’ shows that the notebook belongs to a person. Possessive adjectives and possessive pronouns Possessive adjectives are often confused with possessive pronouns. However,there is a difference between the two. Possessive Possessive Possessive Possessive adjectives pronouns adjectives pronouns my mine his his your yours her hers its its their theirs our ours – – The Cracked Pot 67
Remember: A possessive adjective is used to modify a noun or a pronoun. It is usually located just before the words (nouns) that it describes. On the other hand, a possessive pronoun is used in place of nouns. Possessive adjectives Possessive pronouns The house is ours. This is our house. The phone that is ringing is mine. Is that car theirs? My phone is ringing. Their father works in Hong Kong. Exercise 3.1: Rewrite each sentence with another suitable adjective of your choice. One is done for you. Note: The replacement adjectives do not have to be synonyms of the given adjectives. 1) Shazia is a smart girl. Ans. Shazia is a pretty girl. 2) The clever monkey knew many tricks. Ans. _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 3) Reema is very intelligent and likes to participate in sports. Ans. _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 4) My teacher says that I am an energetic student. Ans. _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 5) That man is so rich. Ans. _____________________________________________________________________________ 6) Shamit is feeling sad. Ans. _____________________________________________________________________________ 68
Exercise 3.2: Fill in the blanks with the correct possessive adjectives from the brackets. One is done for you. 1) This is my (my/mine) sweater. 2) ________________ (Ours/Our) puppy is lost. 3) I do not want ________________ (yours/your) pencil. 4) Payal likes to eat laddoos from ________________ (my/mine) lunch box. 5) ________________ (Hers/Her) voice is very sweet. 6) I visited ________________ (their/theirs) house yesterday. The Cracked Pot 69
Exercise 3.3: Read the sentences and underline the possessive adjectives and possessive pronouns. Write 'PA' for the possessive adjectives and 'PP' for the possessive pronouns. One is done for you. 1) My father cooks dinner for our family every night. – PA _______________________ 2) Your sister is my friend. – _______________________ _______________________ 3) The dog does not like it if you touch its tail. – _______________________ _______________________ 4) You can take that book home. It is yours. – 5) His house is not far from the post office. – 6) Is that fluffy kitten theirs? – 4 Language in Use Question words Shelly spent a lovely weekend with her parents. Look at the picture carefully and answer the questions that follow. • Where are Shelly and her parents? • What is Shelly collecting in her bucket? • Who is wearing purple pants? • What is the colour of Shelly’s T-shirt? • When did Shelly go out with her parents? Look at the questions again. They all begin with wh- words ('what', 'where', 'who' and 'when'). These are also known as question words. We use them when we want to know an answer or get information about someone or something. 70
There are two more question words: 'why' and 'how'. Let us look at how these question words are used. Why is used for those types of questions where the reason for something is asked for. Examples: Why does the Sun rise in Why do I have to clean Why do you drink coffee the east? my room? and not tea? If the way (manner) in which something is done is asked for, the question starts with how. 'How' is also used to ask about the condition of someone or something. How old is your television? How does a helicopter How was your exam? work? (asking about the way in (asking about the which the girl fared in her condition of the TV) (asking about the way in which a helicopter works) exams) Together, the question words are known as five Ws and an H. The Cracked Pot 71
Exercise 4.1: Fill in the blanks with the correct question words from the box. One is done for you. who what when where 1) Where does Rita live? 2) ____________________ told you about my marks in Science? 3) ____________________ is your friend’s name? 4) ____________________ is the library? 5) ____________________ will Karim reach home? 6) ____________________ is the winner of the race? Sejal or Moin? Exercise 4.2: Fill in the blanks with 'how' or 'why'. One is done for you. 1) Why have you not done your homework? 2) ___________________ did he carry the books home? I think he put them in his bag. 3) Do you know ____________________ to solve this problem? 4) ____________________ did your mother scold you? Did you do something wrong? 5) ____________________ did you buy seven chocolates? We needed only four. 6) ____________________ does Mohit cook this dish? I want to learn it too. Exercise 4.3: Rewrite the questions with the correct question words. One is done for you. 1) Who will the movie begin? It is already late. Ans. When will the movie begin? It is already late. 2) What can I help you? Ans. _____________________________________________________________________________ 3) When is that dress? I can’t find it. Ans. _____________________________________________________________________________ 4) How don’t you see a doctor? You have high fever. Ans. _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 5) Why has broken my beautiful tea cup? Ans. _____________________________________________________________________________ 72
_____________________________________________________________________________ 6) How would you like to eat for dinner? Ans. _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 5 I Write: Formal Writing Informal letter writing We write informal letters to our friends and close family members. These are friendly letters. The tone of an informal letter is relaxed and friendly. Read the sample of an informal letter given below. Use this sample to observe the different parts of an informal letter. There is no need to 403, Prajvi Apartments Your address include the address Gachibowli of the person to Hyderabad Date whom you are writing. 19th October 2018 Introduction In the first paragraph, Salutation/Greeting Dear Lila, explain why you You can use a are writing. Use person’s first name. Thank you for the birthday card! It friendly language was very pretty. I put it up next to throughout. Body our photo so that I can see it every This is the part day. Closing paragraph between the Ask a question or introduction and the Guess what Mom and Dad got make a suggestion closing paragraph. me for my birthday? A Harry so that the person This is where you talk Potter book! It is the first one, and can send a reply. about the main idea I am so excited to read it! Do of the letter. not worry, we can read it again together when we meet during Signature the holidays. Sign your name. How you sign off shows Please ask your parents if they how you feel about would let you bring your dolls. I the person to whom cannot wait to see you again! We you are writing. are going to have so much fun! Lots of love, Ruby The Cracked Pot 73
Exercise 5.1: Veeru is planning to celebrate Makar Sankranti by flying kites and eating special sweets. He wishes to invite his best friend, Ali, to celebrate with him. Complete the invitation letter that Veeru wrote to Ali by filling in the gaps. 34, Lane No. 5 Guldastah Lucknow – 12 12th January 2016 Dear _________________, How are you? I am writing this letter to ______________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________. Makar Sankranti is on the 14th of January. This festival is very special. We celebrate it by ___________________________________________________________________________________. Please come for the celebrations. It would be ______________________________________ _______________________________________________________. I will ask my mother to make __________________________________________________________________________________. I hope you can ___________________________________________________________________. Awaiting your reply, Your friend, ___________________ 74
Exercise 5.2: Write a letter to your friend about your favourite Indian food by using the given hints. Hints: • Name your favourite food. • Greet your friend. • Mention why you like it. • Write how and where it is made. ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ The Cracked Pot 75
6 I Write: Creative Writing Editing exercise Exercise 6: Given below is a paragraph with errors. Spot at least ten errors and rewrite the paragraph in the space provided. Once, a jackal fell into a bucket of blue dye when he were chased by sum dogs. When he came out of the bucket, he had turned blue in colour and all the animals was scered of him. They treeted him like a king because they thought he would be powerful. But won night, when he herd another jackal howl, he howled back? The animals found out that he was not speciel, but just another jackal. 76
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