I Explore (H.O.T.S.) Framing story sums for some given numbers would be interesting. Let us see an example. Example 5: Given 32 + 22 = 54, frame a story sum. Solution: Two numbers and their sum are given. We can use some situation to frame the story sum. Step 1: Think of a situation. Here, let us take the number of different fruits such as oranges and apples in a basket. Step 2: Write the story in your words. There were 32 oranges and 22 apples in a fruit basket. How many fruits were there in all? 4.2 Mental Maths Techniques: Addition Mental Maths Let us now learn to add two 2-digit numbers, 53 and 65, mentally. Steps Solved Solve this 53 and 65 38 and 41 Step 1: Add the digits 3+5=8 ______ + ______ = ______ in the ones place mentally. Addition 47
Steps Solved Solve this 53 and 65 38 and 41 The digits in the tens Step 2: Add the digits The digits in the tens place of the two in the tens place place are 5 and 6. numbers are ___ and mentally. Keep 6 in your mind, ____. Keep ____ in your count 5 forward as 7, mind, count ___ forward 8, 9, 10 and 11. as ____, ____and ____. ____ + ____ = ___ 5 + 6 = 11 So, 38 + 41 = ___. Step 3: Write the sums obtained in steps 1 and 2 together. So, 53 + 65 = 118. This gives the sum of the given numbers. ? Train My Brain Solve the following mentally: d) 21 + 43 e) 72 + 31 a) 12 + 31 b) 31 + 51 c) 27 + 71 Maths Munchies Let us learn a trick to add 2-digit numbers (55 + 52) quickly. Step 1: S plit the numbers such that the ones digit is 0 in both of them. 55 + 52 can be written as 50 + 5 + 50 + 2. Step 2: Add the 2-digit numbers separately and 1-digit numbers separately. 50 + 50 = 100; 5 + 2 = 7 Step 3: A dd the sums in step 2. Write or tell this as the sum of the given numbers. 100 + 7 = 107 So, 55 + 52 = 107. 48
Connect the Dots English Fun Let us read a funny poem about addition. I got a new dog, Addition is his name, He lives in the kitchen, eating is his game. He ate 4 bones, we gave him 4 more. He became so fat, he couldn’t squeeze out the door. He wanted 2 more, so we gave him 3 more. The sum was 11, he was growing more and more! 11 bones are a lot to eat in a day! Now Addition’s so big, it’s just a sad fact. I’ll need a dog, Subtraction, to learn to contract. EVS Fun Count the total number of fingers and toes you have. Also count the same for the other members of your family. Write the total number of fingers and toes that you have counted. Drill Time 4.1 Add 2-digit Numbers and 3-digit Numbers 1) Add 2-digit numbers with regrouping. c) 19 + 35 a) 77 + 13 b) 26 + 35 d) 49 + 12 e) 55 + 25 Addition 49
2) Add 3-digit numbers without regrouping. a) 166 + 111 b) 612 + 352 c) 181 + 315 d) 490 + 100 e) 812 + 121 3) Word problems a) F arah has 11 balloons and her friend has 29 balloons. How many balloons do they have in all? b) A khil had 120 beads in one box and 121 beads in another box. How many beads did he have in all? A Note to Parent Take your child to the supermarket. Ask her or him to pick up three types of fruits of their choice. Ask your child to find the total cost of the items. Help them to choose fruits whose rates are without a decimal point. 50
Time5Chapter I Will Learn About • the days of the week and the months of the year. • the sequence of events occurring over long periods. 5.1 Read the Clock and Calendar I Think Raj’s mother told him that he can play after 5 o’clock in the evening. Raj looked at the clock. He saw a lot of numbers and two hands on the clock. He couldn’t read the time. From the given clock, can you tell if it is time for Raj to go and play? I Recall We do many activities throughout the day. Certain activities are done during particular parts of the day. 51
Name the parts of the day when these activities are done. Activity Go to school Do homework Brush teeth Part of the day Activity Have lunch Wake up Play Part of the day I Remember and Understand We can also tell the time at which we are doing an activity. We use a clock to find the time. Numbers from 1 to 12 are written on the face of a clock. A clock has two hands: 1) the short hand is called the ‘hour hand’, and 2) the long hand is called the ‘minute hand’. 52
Minute Hand For each complete round Hour Hand of the minute hand, the hour hand moves to the next number. This shows the completion of one hour. Reading a clock When the minute hand points to 12 and the hour hand 8 o’clock or 8:00 to any one of the numbers, we read it as the time at that hour. Let us see an example. Example 1: Read the time shown by these clocks. One is done for you. a) The minute hand is at 12 and the hour hand is at 4. The time is 4 o’clock or 4:00. b) c) d) Time 53
Reading a calender We have already learnt about a clock. Let us now learn about a calendar. We see the days and months of a year in a calendar. Observe the given calendar. January 2019 February 2019 March 2019 SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT 1 2 345 12 12 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 3 4 5 6 789 3 4 5 6 789 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 27 28 29 30 31 24 25 26 27 28 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 April 2019 May 2019 June 2019 SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT 1 2 3 456 1 234 1 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 2 3 4 5 678 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 28 29 30 26 27 28 29 30 31 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 July 2019 August 2019 September 2019 SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT 1 2 3 456 123 1 2 3 4 567 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 28 29 30 31 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 29 30 October 2019 November 2019 December 2019 SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT 1 2 345 12 1 2 3 4 567 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 3 4 5 6 789 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 27 28 29 30 31 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 29 30 31 Week • There are seven days in a week. They are: Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday and Saturday. 54
Month • A month has 30 or 31 days. • February is the 2nd month of the year. It has 28 or 29 days. • There are four full weeks in a month. Year A year has 12 months. They are: January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November and December. 30Februa3ry 1DaysAprileptembJanuaryAugust Ser DecembOerctober June Novem ber March May July Days 28 29OR Using a calendar, we can find the day and the date. Example 2: Answer the following. One is done for you. a) Which day comes after Sunday? Monday b) Which day comes before Thursday? __________________ c) Which month comes between May and July? ___________ d) Which month comes before November? _______________ Time 55
? Train My Brain Read the time shown by these clocks. a) b) c) I Apply We have learnt to read time from a clock. Let us now write a few activities in sequence. Example 3: Look at the clocks and mention the time. One is done for you. a) I wake up at b) I have my breakfast at 7 o’clock in the morning. _______ o’clock in the morning. c) I reach school at d) I have my lunch at _______ o’clock in the morning. _______ o’clock in the afternoon. 56
e) I do my homework at f) I go to play at _______ o’clock in the afternoon. _______ o’clock in the evening. g) I have m y dinner at h) I go to b ed at _______ o’clock in the night. _______ o’clock in the night. Let us now learn to draw the hands of a clock to show the given time. Example 4: D raw the hands of the clock to show the time given. One is done for you. b) c) a) 2 o’clock 12 o’clock 10 o’clock Time 57
d) e) f) 7 o’clock 4 o’clock 3 o’clock i) g) h) 5 o’clock 8 o’clock 9 o’clock I Explore (H.O.T.S.) We can find the time a few hours before or after a given time. We can also find how many hours a given time is less than or more than some other given time. Example 5: Answer the questions given. One is done for you. a) W hat time is 5 hours before 8 o’clock? 3 o’clock b) W hat time is 3 hours after 4 o’clock? ______________________ c) H ow many hours after 3 o’clock is 9 o’clock? ______________________ d) H ow many hours before 8 o’clock is 6 o’clock? ______________________ 58
Maths Munchies 12 o’clock 6 o’clock The hour hand and the minute hand are on the same number at 12 o’clock. They are on the opposite ends at 6 o’clock. Connect the Dots EVS Fun Observe your shadow in the morning, noon and evening. Is there any change in the length of your shadow? English Fun Let us read a funny poem on calendars. 30 days have September, April, June and November. All the rest have 31, Except for February alone, Which has 28 days clear, And 29 in a leap year. Time 59
Drill Time 5.1 Read the Clock and Calendar 1) Read the time shown by the clocks given below. a) b) c) d) e) f) 2) Answer the following questions. a) Which day comes after Tuesday? b) Which day comes before Saturday? c) Which month comes after September? d) Which month comes in between February and April? 3) Draw the hands of the clock to show the time given. a) b) c) 6 o’clock 1 o’clock 11 o’clock A Note to Parent Help your child make his or her own clock using a paper plate for the face and straws of paper for the hands of a clock. Explain how the hands of the clock move from 4 o’clock to 5 o’clock. 60
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