CHAPTER 21-PERFORMING ARTS AND ARTISTS IN MODERN TIMES i. What is the dance performed by devadasis in Tamil Nadu? ii. What is associated with Virashaiva movement? iii. What interprets literary and poetic compositions into a dance form? iv. What is Tholubommalata? CHAPTER 21. PERFORMING ARTS AND ARTISTS IN MODERN TIMES 49
CHAPTER 21-PERFORMING ARTS AND ARTISTS IN MODERN TIMES 5. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) What are the dance forms in India other than Bharatanatyam? Collect information about their origin and growth. AS4-Reflection on Contemporary Issues and Questioning Long Answer Type Questions 6. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) What are the changes in society that have diminished the popularity of traditional plays and perfor- mances? CHAPTER 21. PERFORMING ARTS AND ARTISTS IN MODERN TIMES 50
CHAPTER 21-PERFORMING ARTS AND ARTISTS IN MODERN TIMES AS5-Mapping Skills Long Answer Type Questions 7. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) In a map of India locate the states where the following are popular: i. Bharatanatyam ii.Kuchipudi iii. Kathak AS6-Appreciation and Sensitivity Long Answer Type Questions 8. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) The traditional arts and dances are rich in culture however they have been on a decline. Why? What do you think is the future of these arts and dances? CHAPTER 21. PERFORMING ARTS AND ARTISTS IN MODERN TIMES 51
CHAPTER 21-PERFORMING ARTS AND ARTISTS IN MODERN TIMES Objective Questions AS1-Conceptual Understanding 9. Choose the correct answer. (i) _______ is performed mostly during. Dasara or Sankranti festival seasons. (A) Burrakatha (B) Chuttuukammudu (C) Tholubommalata (D) Golla Suddulu (ii) Puppets are made of (B) Plastic (A) Wood (C) Wire (D) Animal skins (iii) _______ is a semi-nomadic tribe. (B) Gusadi (A) Dhimsa (C) Sadir (D) Lambadi (iv) Gusadi is performed to celebrate (B) Dussehra (A) Deepavali (C) Sankranthi (D) Holi (v) Burrakatha and Tholubommalata performers are called (A) Stationary artists (B) Travelling artists (C) Silent artists (D) Sleeping artists (vi) is a Telugu art of storytelling. (B) Tholubommalata (A) Bharatanatyam (C) Burrakatha (D) Golla Suddulu (vii) trained many dancers during revival period. (A) Nattuvanars (B) Kalakshetra (C) Kuravanji (D) Sadir Natyam CHAPTER 21. PERFORMING ARTS AND ARTISTS IN MODERN TIMES 52
CHAPTER 21-PERFORMING ARTS AND ARTISTS IN MODERN TIMES (viii) Shadow puppet art is known as . (A) Tholubommalata (B) Burrakatha (C) Chuttuukamudu (D) Kuchipudi (ix) Balasaraswati promoted the traditional art of the (A) Devadasis (B) Kalakshetra (C) Manipuri (D) Kathak (x) led a campaign against law ending devadasi system in Hyderabad state. (A) Rukmini Devi (B) Bhagya Reddy Varma (C) E. Krishna Iyer (D) Balasaraswati CHAPTER 21. PERFORMING ARTS AND ARTISTS IN MODERN TIMES 53
SESSION 1 22. FILM AND PRINT MEDIA FILM AND PRINT MEDIA – INDIAN CINEMA 1.1 Mind Map SESSION 1. INDIAN CINEMA 54
CHAPTER 22-FILM AND PRINT MEDIA 1.2 Terminology 1. Projector: An instrument used in theatres to project a film on the white screen. 2. Commentary: An expression of opinions or offering of explanations about an event or situation. 1.3 Improve Your Learning Conceptual Understanding Q1. Write any three differences between drama and film. [Refer to TB page 244 Q1] A. S. No Drama S.No Film a) Drama is confined to a stage. a) Locations are frequently changed in a film. b) Less number of artists are present. b) More number of artists are present. c) It can be played at one place at c) It can be exhibited at many places at the same time. one time. d) Visual effects cannot be used. d) Visual effects can be used to show unnatural things. e) Basic technology is used. e) High–end Technology is used. Q2. What were the major themes discussed in the early films? How is it similar or different from the films you have seen? [Refer to TB page 244 Q4] A. The earlier films were mostly based on the themes of social evil and patriotism. Similarities: i. Both are mostly meant for entertainment ii. Both have efficient artists. Differences: SESSION 1. INDIAN CINEMA 55
CHAPTER 22-FILM AND PRINT MEDIA S.no Cinemas I have seen Early Cinemas 1. These are high budget films. These were low budget films. 2. Most of the pictures are based on the Most of the pictures were based on values. theme of love, action and comedy. Several films were based on national movement. Q3. Do you think any story or poem in your language textbook could be made into a small film? Can you think of various people you will need in making a film based on that? [Refer to TB page 244 Q2] A. Yes, any story or poem in our language textbook could be made into a film. People need to make a film are producer, director, technicians, music director, actors, other artists, singers, choreographers etc. Q4. What are the reasons for the disappearance of dramas now–a–days. [Refer to TB page 244 Q6] A. Dramas were the major entertainment channels in olden days. People at that time when there were no technological advancements used to perform dramas, plays like Burrakatha, Harikatha, Tholubommalata. There are both padhya and gadhya natakams. Folk artists used to travel different places and used to play the art. Due to modern technology and increase of migration from villages to cities this arts have disappeared. Due to evolution of cinema, many people attracted towards it and encouragement to dramas was reduced. Many people from traditional folk families also migrating to cities in search of livelihood and they aren’t ready to learn dramas from their elders leaving customs and traditions. These are the major reasons for disappearance of dramas in modern days. Reflection on Contemporary Issues and Questioning Q1. Some people argue “Cinema is a powerful tool to transform the society” others argue, “It has a negative impact”. Whom do you agree with and why? [Refer to TB page 244 Q3] A. Cinema is a powerful tool to transform society i. Cinema can change the social values. ii. It analyses the old system and real objectives behind them. iii. It gives new messages and directions to the youth and has powerful impact. iv. It influences the ideas and thoughts of all sections of people. Cinema has a negative impact also: i. Children and youth are exposed to sex and violence. So it can pollute their minds. ii. It promotes criminals and criminalization in society. iii. Women are often shown in an inferior way. iv. Smoking and drinking are shown as acts of heroism. SESSION 1. INDIAN CINEMA 56
CHAPTER 22-FILM AND PRINT MEDIA Even though cinema has a negative impact. It is a powerful medium to transform the society. A lot depends upon us, it is we who receive and interpret the messages from the movies. 1.4 Key Concepts i. The cinema could be a shot over a period of time. ii. The films with sound were known as talkies. iii. Cinema became the major form of entertainment. iv. The earlier films were on the themes of social evils and patriotism. v. Films influence society. vi. Some films are made on social and political events around us. They are called documentary films. vii. The film industry employs thousands of people directly in production and indirectly in exhibition. SESSION 1. INDIAN CINEMA 57
SESSION 2 FILM AND PRINT MEDIA – PRINT MEDIA 2.1 Mind Map SESSION 2. PRINT MEDIA 58
CHAPTER 22-FILM AND PRINT MEDIA 2.2 Terminology 1. Composer: a person who writes music, especially as a professional occupation. 2. Gazette: It is an official publication carrying the news of the government. 3. Publish: Prepare and issue (a book, journal, or piece of music) for public sale. 2.3 Improve Your Learning Appreciation and Sensitivity Q1. How did newspapers play a major role in the freedom movement? [Refer to TB page 244 Q5] A. During British period many social reformers began actively campaigning for radical changes in the soci- ety. Many newspapers were started in different parts of country. Many freedom fighters were editors of newspapers. ‘Kesari’ was edited by Balagangadhar Tilak, Amrit Bazar Patrika was edited by Sisir Kumar Ghosh. The press was the main instrument in carrying out political tasks. The work of National Congress was accomplished during these years largely through press. In fact, many leaders turned into journalists too. The press tried to build up a strong national sentiment and consciousness among Indian people. The press played a role in the development and consolidation of their growing nationalist movement. Press was the main part of communication used by leaders to reach the far off places in India. It brought an inspiration among people who turned out as freedom fighters in achieving Freedom of the country. 2.4 Key Concepts i. In the olden days, people wrote on various materials like palm leaves, bark and cloth. ii. Print media include daily newspapers, weeklies, monthlies and other forms of printed Journals. iii. Technological revolution has modernized print media. iv. Social reformers and freedom fighters utilized the newspapers for the cause of society and nation. SESSION 2. PRINT MEDIA 59
CHAPTER 22-FILM AND PRINT MEDIA —— CCE Based Practice Questions —— AS1-Conceptual Understanding Very Short Answer Type Questions 1. Match the following. Column A Column B i. Raghupathi Venkaiah a. Exhibited on the screen as a film ii. Plays written b. Camera iii. Lumiere brothers c. H.M. Reddy iv. William Friese –Green d. First public show in Mumbai v. Bhakta Prahalada e. Gaity 2. Match the following. Column A Column B i. “Public Occurrences” a. Mandumula Narasing Rao ii. Bengal Gazette b. Sisir Kumar Ghosh iii. Amrit Bazar Patrika c. First newspaper in U. S. A. iv. Rayyat d. Mahadev Desai v. Harijan e. First newspaper in India 3. Answer the following questions in one sentence. (i) Which pamphlet was published by Andhra Mahasabha? (ii) Which was first published newspaper in India? CHAPTER 22. FILM AND PRINT MEDIA 60
CHAPTER 22-FILM AND PRINT MEDIA (iii) Which film had ‘Vedalipo Tella dora vedalip’ song? (iv) Name any two films in Telugu which are based on landlordism (v) Who is called the father of Telugu Film Industry? 4. Fill in the blanks. (vi) Gandhi took over the in 1918. (vii) “Mala Pilla” is a film about . (viii) Tenugu Patrika was published by from Inugurthi in Warangal. (ix) Raghupathi Venkaiah built a cinema studio named in Madras. (x) Many researchers consider , published from china, as the first newspaper. (xi) In 1895, invented cinema Projector. (xii) has modernized the print media. . (xiii) In Telugu, the first talkie movie was played the lead role in the film Komaram (xiv) Bheem. . (xv) Rythu Bidda film was released in the year CHAPTER 22. FILM AND PRINT MEDIA 61
CHAPTER 22-FILM AND PRINT MEDIA Short Answer Type Questions 5. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) Find three differences between drama and cinema. (ii) Give five importance of newspaper during independence. CHAPTER 22. FILM AND PRINT MEDIA 62
CHAPTER 22-FILM AND PRINT MEDIA AS3-Information Skills Short Answer Type Questions 6. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) Read the text and answer the following questions: ‘Komaram Bheem’ was made into a feature film and was released in July 2010, after more than 20 years of its making. Mukumdamgari Bhupal Reddy played the lead role. The director of the film Allani Sridhar, received the Best First Film Director Award. The film also received Best Feature Film on National Integration and several state level Nandi awards. Komaram Bheem was a Gond tribal from Adilabad. Though illiterate, he fought against the exploitation of the tribals by the Nizam government. He took up both legal battles and armed struggles. Bheem was killed on 27th October, 1940 in his fight with the Nizam government at Babe Jhari. i. Who was ‘Komaram Bheem’? ii. How long did it take to release the movie ‘Komaram Bheem’? iii. Who played the lead role in it? iv. Name the awards that the movie ‘Komaram Bheem’ received? CHAPTER 22. FILM AND PRINT MEDIA 63
CHAPTER 22-FILM AND PRINT MEDIA AS6-Appreciation and Sensitivity Short Answer Type Questions 7. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) If you have to send out an awareness message, what would that message be? Which medium would you choose to spread across the message and why? (ii) Is cinema a boon or a bane? Long Answer Type Questions 8. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) Do you feel if there are teaching and learning of any concept in any subject done with the help of a short movie, will it be easier to learn? If yes or no, give your answer below in 7 points. CHAPTER 22. FILM AND PRINT MEDIA 64
CHAPTER 22-FILM AND PRINT MEDIA (ii) What was the role of newspapers in cultural awakening and freedom movement? Objective Questions . AS1-Conceptual Understanding (B) Bhakta Prahalada (D) Bhishma Pratigna 9. Choose the correct answer. . (i) In Telugu, the first mooki film was (B) 1921 (A) Krishnarjuna Yudham (C) Sampurna Ramayana (ii) The first talkie movie was released in (A) 1931 (C) 1941 (D) 1951 (iii) Gradually became the major form of entertainment. (A) Folk arts (B) Classical dances (C) Music dramas (D) Cinema (iv) “Maa Bhoomi” film was directed by . (A) Raghavendra Rao (B) Dasari Narayana Rao (C) Narasinga Rao (D) Nageshwar Rao (v) “Bhale tata mana Bapuji” song was from the film . CHAPTER 22. FILM AND PRINT MEDIA 65
CHAPTER 22-FILM AND PRINT MEDIA (A) Donga Ramudu (B) Bhale Donga (C) Driver Ramudu (D) Ramudu Bhimudu (vi) The first newspaper with the modern concept was published at . (A) China (B) Oxford (C) Japan (D) U. S. A (vii) Which was the first newspaper in Telugu? (B) Enadu (A) Andhra Jyothi (C) Krishna Patrika (D) Andhra Prabha (viii) The newspaper “Kesari” was edited by . (A) Balagangadhara Tilak (B) Gopala Krishna Gokhale (C) Kandukuri Veeresha Lingam (D) Jawarharlal Nehru (ix) Which newspaper was edited by Suravaram Pratapa Reddy? (A) Kesari (B) Golkonda (C) Nilgiripathrika (D) Krishna Patrika (x) Lumiere brothers’ first public show at Watson Hotel in Mumbai was held on . (A) July 16, 1896 (B) July 7,1896 (C) July 16,1898 (D) July 7, 1900 CHAPTER 22. FILM AND PRINT MEDIA 66
23. SPORTS: NATIONALISM AND COMMERCE SESSION 1 SPORTS: NATIONALISM AND COMMERCE – CRICKET IN INDIA 1.1 Mind Map SESSION 1. CRICKET IN INDIA 67
CHAPTER 23-SPORTS: NATIONALISM AND COMMERCE 1.2 Terminology 1. Colonial: Relating to or characteristic of a colony or colonies. 2. Global commerce: The trade and commerce which takes place across the nations of the world is called global commerce. 3. Nationalism: The people of a nation have an extreme feeling of favour towards their own nation. This is called Nationalism. 4. Sponsors: A person or organization that pays for or contributes to the costs involved in staging a sporting or artistic event in return for advertising. SESSION 1. CRICKET IN INDIA 68
CHAPTER 23-SPORTS: NATIONALISM AND COMMERCE 1.3 Improve Your Learning Conceptual Understanding Q1. Correct the false statements. [Refer to TB page 252 Q1] • Colonial rulers promoted cricket to be played between nations that were under their power. • People adopted the game to become westernised. • Indian villagers played cricket. • Cricket was introduced in schools to bring good manners. A. • Colonial rulers promoted cricket to be played between nations that were under their power. (Correct) • People adopted the game to become westernised. (Correct) • Indian villagers played cricket. (False) Ans. English villagers played cricket. (Correct) • Cricket was introduced in schools to bring good manners. (Correct) Q2. Write a short note on Gandhiji’s views on other Sports and Cricket. [Refer to TB page 252 Q2] A. Mahatma Gandhi believed that a sport was essential for a balance between the body and the mind. How- ever, he often emphasized that games like cricket and hockey were imported into India by the British and were replacing traditional games. They showed a colonial mindset and were a less effective education than the simple exercise of those who worked on the land. Our indigenous games are interesting and inexpensive. Reading the Text, Understanding and Interpretation Q1. Give brief explanations for the following: • Parsis were the first Indian Community to set up a cricket club in India. • The significance of the shift of the ICC headquarters from London to Dubai. [Refer to TB page 252 Q3] A. Parsis were the first Indian Community to set up a cricket club in India Parsis were brought into close contact with the British because of their interest in trade. They founded Oriental Cricket Club in Bombay in 1848, the first Indian Cricket Club of India. Parsi clubs were funded and sponsored by Parsis businessmen like Tatas and Wadis. But, the British cricket elite offered no help to Parsis. SESSION 1. CRICKET IN INDIA 69
CHAPTER 23-SPORTS: NATIONALISM AND COMMERCE The significance of shift of the ICC headquarters from London to Dubai. India has the largest viewership for the game amongst the cricket playing nations. India has the largest market in the cricketing world. The recent cricket techniques came from the practice of subcontinental teams. Therefore, the centre of gravity shifted to South Asia. The shift was symbolised by shifting of ICC headquarters from London to tax-free Dubai. Information Skills Q1. Find out the history of any one local sport. Ask your parents or grandparents how this game was played in their childhood. See whether it is played in the same way now. Try and think of the historical forces that might account for changes. [Refer to TB page 252 Q4] A. ‘Kabaddi’ is our game. This was played by the Kouravas and Pandavas as well. Kabaddi means ‘Continous sounding’. This is called ‘Chik–Chik’ in some areas, ‘Chedugudu’ in other areas. In our region we call it ‘Kabaddi’. This is a game between two groups. Each group has 12 members – 7 out of them will be in the court. Some rules of the game: i. This is a time based game. 15 minutes of play – 5 min rest – again a round of 15 mins. i. The persons who are ‘out’ should leave the court. ii. They can enter the court after getting a point. iii. If all the 7 members are ‘out’, it is called ‘Lona’. iv. ‘2’ points will be awarded for ‘Lona’. The rules will be framed and changed by the ‘Kabaddi Federation of India’. This game has seen many changes. A change was introduced recently i.e. ‘Bonus Line Point’. Reflection on Contemporary Issues and Questioning Q1. How have advances in technology; especially television technology influenced the development of contem- porary cricket? [Refer to TB page 252 Q5] A. i. Cricket became a marketable game generating huge revenues. ii. Cricket boards became rich by selling Television rights to companies. iii. Television technology expanded the viewership for the game. iv. Television companies created a global market for cricket. SESSION 1. CRICKET IN INDIA 70
CHAPTER 23-SPORTS: NATIONALISM AND COMMERCE Mapping Skills Q1. Point out any five cricket playing countries on the world map. [Refer to TB page 252 Q7] A. Appreciation and Sensitivity Q1. Prepare a pamphlet on the consequences of commercialization of cricket. [Refer to TB page 252 Q6] A. Pamphlet COMMERCIALISATION OF CRICKET: Today, Cricket is highly commercialized. It has the potential of earning huge revenues. Indian players are best paid. There are sponsors who pay tremendously for sixes and fours during matches. There are sponsors for dress, logos of brands and drinks which the cricketers endorse. The more popularity they get, the higher amounts they get paid. Bookies indulge in betting on the results of the match. Cricketers are playing more number of matches and getting injured more frequently which is exhausting their abilities and effecting their fitness. Q2. Mention the occasions where the water is wasted and suggest the preventive measures. [Refer to TB page 260 Q6] A. Water is essential to all living being, no one can live without food and water. Due to Industrial waste, increased technology, developments like establishing industries, increase of pollution, the water is contam- inated. Industries are using water in large amount and toxic wastes they are leaving into rivers and canals pollute water. The industries should utilize water to the extent they require and the excess water has to be purified and has to be utilized for other purposes. Overwatering the lawns is also an occasion of wasting waters. Lawns should be watered slowly and to restrict the excess flow of water flow restrictors have to be inserted in lawns. Using water in households for washing, cooking is also occasion where water is being used extensively. Water should be used carefully for household consumptions. Everyone should use water carefully to ensure that it will be available for future generations. SESSION 1. CRICKET IN INDIA 71
CHAPTER 23-SPORTS: NATIONALISM AND COMMERCE 1.4 Key Concepts i. Cricket gained more popularity than other traditional games. ii. Cricket took roots in countries that British ruled. iii. Indian cricket originated in Bombay and the first Indian community which played cricket were the Parsis. iv. Gandhiji felt that cricket and hockey were imported into India by the British. v. Playing cricket became the way of claiming equality with the colonial rulers. vi. The satellite technology created a global market for cricket. vii. The cricket’s centre of gravity was shifted to South Asia from England. viii. The global markets made Indian players the best paid. ix. India has not been very successful in other International games like Football, and Basket ball. x. Sports and games promote National Integration and International understanding. SESSION 1. CRICKET IN INDIA 72
CHAPTER 23-SPORTS: NATIONALISM AND COMMERCE —— CCE Based Practice Questions —— AS1-Conceptual Understanding Very Short Answer Type Questions 1. Match the following. Column A Column B i. Cricket a. A popular game in India ii. Kabaddi b. India has won many medals in international competitions iii. Hockey iv. Archery c. Dubai v. ICC headquarters d. A colonial game e. A traditional game in India 2. Match the following. Column A Column B a. 1877 i. Cricket national team b. 1932 ii. Oriental Cricket Club c. Cricket iii. Village d. Kabaddi iv. Invented in England e. Bombay v. Origins of test cricket 3. Answer the following questions in one sentence. (i) Where was Cricket invented? CHAPTER 23. SPORTS: NATIONALISM AND COMMERCE 73
CHAPTER 23-SPORTS: NATIONALISM AND COMMERCE (ii) Which is India’s national game? (iii) Name one game played mostly in the Indian villages. (iv) Which game became a marketable game generating huge revenues? (v) Name one sport played only by very rich people? 4. Fill in the blanks. (vi) ICC Headquarters was shifted from London to . (vii) is a traditional popular game in India. (viii) The Parsis founded the first Indian cricket club, the in Bombay in 1848. (ix) develop us mentally and physically. (x) and promote National Integration and International understanding. (xi) The skilled children are chosen to provide special training through . (xii) The people of nation has extreme feeling of favour towards their own nation is called . (xiii) and were imported into India by the British. CHAPTER 23. SPORTS: NATIONALISM AND COMMERCE 74
CHAPTER 23-SPORTS: NATIONALISM AND COMMERCE (xiv) The Department of sports and games works under the . Short Answer Type Questions 5. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) Write briefly about the origin of cricket in India. AS2-Reading the Text, Understanding and Interpretation Short Answer Type Questions 6. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) Read the text and comment on it. However, Mahatma Gandhi often emphasized that games like cricket and hockey were imported into India by the British and were replacing traditional games. They showed a colonial mindset and were a less effective education than the simple exercise of those who worked on the land. (ii) The way first class cricket is organized has undergone a change from early times. Comment. CHAPTER 23. SPORTS: NATIONALISM AND COMMERCE 75
CHAPTER 23-SPORTS: NATIONALISM AND COMMERCE (iii) Read the text and comment on it. Playing cricket also became a way of claiming equality with the colonial rulers and challenging them. AS3-Information Skills Long Answer Type Questions 7. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) Read the text and answer the following questions: A more important sign that the centre of gravity in cricket had shifted away from the old, Anglo-Australian axis is that innovations in cricket technique in recent years have mainly come from the practice of sub- continental teams in countries like India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. Pakistan has pioneered two great advances in bowling: the doosra and the reverse swing. Both the skills were developed in response to subcontinental conditions: the doosra to counter aggressive batsmen with heavy modern bats who were threatening to make finger-spin obsolete and ‘reverse swing’ to move the ball in on dusty, unresponsive wickets under clear skies. Initially, both innovations were greeted with great suspicion by countries like Britain and Australia which saw them as an underhanded, illegal bending of the laws of cricket. In time, it came to be accepted that the laws of cricket could not continue to be framed for British or Australian conditions of play, and they became part of the technique of all bowlers, everywhere in the world.” i. Why do you think the center of gravity in cricket has shifted away from Anglo–Australian axis? ii. What innovations came from the sub–continent? iii. Despite resistance why were these innovations accepted? CHAPTER 23. SPORTS: NATIONALISM AND COMMERCE 76
CHAPTER 23-SPORTS: NATIONALISM AND COMMERCE iv. How did Pakistan contribute in bowling? AS4-Reflection on Contemporary Issues and Questioning Short Answer Type Questions 8. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) Compared to other cricket playing nations like England and Australia what contributed to cricket’s grow- ing importance in India? CHAPTER 23. SPORTS: NATIONALISM AND COMMERCE 77
CHAPTER 23-SPORTS: NATIONALISM AND COMMERCE Long Answer Type Questions 9. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) Describe how popularity of cricket has changed over the years. (Include points like number of matches played in a year, television coverage, and advertisements by cricketers etc.) AS5-Mapping Skills Long Answer Type Questions 10. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) Identify this game. What is happening in the image? CHAPTER 23. SPORTS: NATIONALISM AND COMMERCE 78
CHAPTER 23-SPORTS: NATIONALISM AND COMMERCE AS6-Appreciation and Sensitivity Long Answer Type Questions 11. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) Do you think that the factors which helped cricket in gaining popularity have unknowingly contributed to the decline of other sports in India? CHAPTER 23. SPORTS: NATIONALISM AND COMMERCE 79
CHAPTER 23-SPORTS: NATIONALISM AND COMMERCE Objective Questions AS1-Conceptual Understanding 12. Choose the correct answer. (i) This game was played by the villagers of England. (A) Hockey (B) Football (C) Cricket (D) Kabbadi (ii) The Indian cricket originated in the city of . (A) Bombay (B) Chennai (C) Kolkata (D) Delhi (iii) The tournament conducted among the clubs based on the idea of religious community was called . (A) Triangular (B) Quardangular (C) Biangular (D) Pentangular (iv) ”Doosra” was pioneered by . (A) England (B) Pakistan (C) Australia (D) South Africa (v) Technology expanded the viewership for the game. (A) Radio (B) Television (C) Computer (D) Cellphone (vi) The first Indian community to start playing cricket was the small community of . (A) Hindus (B) Muslims (C) Sikhs (D) Parsis (vii) Government conducts level competitions. (A) International (B) District (C) Local (D) Revenue CHAPTER 23. SPORTS: NATIONALISM AND COMMERCE 80
CHAPTER 23-SPORTS: NATIONALISM AND COMMERCE (viii) The first one – day international was played between England and Australia in (A) Melbourne (B) England (C) India (D) Russia (ix) By the end of the ________ century, cricket had become a game of ‘gentlemen’. (A) 19th (B) 18th (C) 20th (D) 16th (x) Cricket was established in British colonies as a popular sport because (A) People loved cricket (B) It brought revenue to the British (C) The local elites wanted to copy the habits of their colonial masters (D) The British imposed cricket CHAPTER 23. SPORTS: NATIONALISM AND COMMERCE 81
24. DISASTER MANAGEMENT SESSION 1 DISASTER MANAGEMENT – TYPES OF DISASTERS AND MANAGING DISASTERS 1.1 Mind Map SESSION 1. TYPES OF DISASTERS AND MANAGING DISASTERS 82
CHAPTER 24-DISASTER MANAGEMENT SESSION 1. TYPES OF DISASTERS AND MANAGING DISASTERS 83
CHAPTER 24-DISASTER MANAGEMENT 1.2 Terminology 1. Multi Hazard zone: A region which is likely to be hit by many disasters is called a Multi Hazard zone. 2. Human Induced Hazard: Disasters caused by human activities are called Human Induced Hazards. 3. Famine: The higher stage of drought is called famine. It is the state of not having even fodder for animals. 4. Pest Infection: If plants and vegetables are being eaten away by pests on a large scale, then it will be called a pest infection. 5. Environmental Degradation: Deterioration of the environment through depletion of resources such as air, water and soil; the destruction of ecosystems and the extinction of wildlife. 1.3 Improve Your Learning Conceptual Understanding Q1. How can the disaster be prevented / managed? [Refer to TB page 260 Q2] A. Cyclones and floods are some of the disasters in our area. i. A disaster cannot be prevented but can be managed. ii. Complete awareness of disaster should be created. iii. We must use all means of communication and transport for transmission of emergency information. iv. Men and material should be kept ready to be able to face any situation. v. The people living in disaster prone areas must be alert. vi. The help of Government and other agencies must be taken. Q2. Mention the effects of drought. [Refer to TB page 260 Q5] A. Effects of drought: There are sequential effects of drought: • Scarcity of drinking water; fall in water–table. • Decline in crop acreage. • Fall in employment in the agricultural sector due to slowing down of agricultural activity. • Fall in purchasing power of those engaged in agriculture. • Scarcity of food grains. • Scarcity of fodder. • Loss of cattle life. • Malnutrition, especially among children. • Ill health and spread of diseases like diarrhoea, dysentery or cholera and opthalmia caused by star- vation. • Distress sale and mortgage of land, jewellery and personal property. • Migration of people in search of employment. Information Skills Q1. Discuss elder’s experience with regard to the disasters and the management and write notes. [Refer to TB page 260 Q3] SESSION 1. TYPES OF DISASTERS AND MANAGING DISASTERS 84
CHAPTER 24-DISASTER MANAGEMENT A. (Student’s activity) Reflection on Contemporary Issues and Questioning Q1. Suggest precautions to be taken by the people to face the disasters. [Refer to TB page 260 Q4] A. i. People and their families must be aware of warnings. ii. Use Radio or Television for updates of emergency information. iii. Always reach the upper floors of the buildings. iv. Use cellphone for emergency calls only. v. Stay out of the building if water remains around it. Q2. Describe any disaster that occurred in your area or that you watched on television. What measures could you have taken to reduce its impact? [Refer to TB page 260 Q1] A. (Sample answer) Recently, floods occurred in our area due to heavy rains in catchment areas. Rivers, tributaries, and streams overflowed. Ten people were killed in different places. Thatched houses collapsed. There was a shortage of drinking water. People were left in knee deep water. Low line areas were inundated. Power supply interrupted. Our entire area was plunged into darkness. Roads were cut off and railway lines were badly damaged. Measures to reduce its impact: i. Additional information could have been given to all people. ii. People should have been evacuated by the disaster management authorities. iii. Boats should be made available to save people and enable their movement. iv. Cyclone shelters should be established. 1.4 Key Concepts i. Natural disasters occur in different parts of India with varying intensity. ii. When the people are not adequately prepared to face the disasters, there is an increase in the damage caused. iii. Disasters can be categorized into various types based on speed, origin and cause. iv. Disaster management includes control over emergency situation to help people to reduce and recover from the impact of a disaster. v. Tsunamis are huge waves generated by earthquakes, volcanic eruptions or underwater landslides in oceans. vi. The tsunami danger period can continue for many hours after a major earthquake. vii. Satellite Technology provides immediate warning of natural disasters effectively. viii. The deficiency of rainfall is called drought. ix. The regions receiving less rain fall because of their geographical location are called drought prone areas. x. The main objective of Integrated Watershed Management Programme is to enable the community to plan for proper utilisation of natural resources. SESSION 1. TYPES OF DISASTERS AND MANAGING DISASTERS 85
CHAPTER 24-DISASTER MANAGEMENT —— CCE Based Practice Questions —— AS1-Conceptual Understanding Very Short Answer Type Questions 1. Match the following. Column A Column B i. Slow onset disaster a. Caused by nature ii. Natural disaster b. Emergency calls iii. Telephones c. Afforestation iv. Malnutrition d. Pest infection v. Watershed development e. Children 2. Match the following. Column B Column A a. Rayalaseema and Telangana b. 2008 i. Jaipur serial blasts c. Natural disasters ii. Drought prone areas d. 2003 iii. IWMP e. Government initiative iv. Tsunamis and floods v. Kumbakonam school fire tragedy 3. Answer the following questions in one sentence. (i) How is deficient rainfall determined? CHAPTER 24. DISASTER MANAGEMENT 86
CHAPTER 24-DISASTER MANAGEMENT (ii) When did Jaipur serial blast occurred? (iii) Write any two natural disasters. (iv) What is the agricultural drought? (v) Which areas are called drought prone areas? 4. Fill in the blanks. (vi) and drought. are often experience severe (vii) The regions that receive less rainfall are called . (viii) Based on speed, disaster can be termed as slow or . (ix) The plants and vegetables are being eaten away by pests. It is called . CHAPTER 24. DISASTER MANAGEMENT 87
CHAPTER 24-DISASTER MANAGEMENT (x) The word, tsu’ means . (xi) A region which is likely to be hit by many disasters is called . (xii) are an example of natural disaster. (xiii) The losses to forests, water resources and land resources are called . (xiv) The incident of Rajadhani Express Train derailment happened in . (xv) In Rayalaseema and Telangana regions the probability of drought occurrence is twice in every year. Short Answer Type Questions 5. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) What are natural disasters? Explain the following natural disasters: • Earthquake • Tsunami • Cyclone • Drought (ii) What is Drought? Mention its impact and measures to overcome. 88 CHAPTER 24. DISASTER MANAGEMENT
CHAPTER 24-DISASTER MANAGEMENT Long Answer Type Questions 6. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) Mention 5 reasons why tsunami occurs and 5 ways to take precautions after tsunami. (ii) What is rain water harvesting? Write about the different ways of rain water harvesting methods. CHAPTER 24. DISASTER MANAGEMENT 89
CHAPTER 24-DISASTER MANAGEMENT AS4-Reflection on Contemporary Issues and Questioning Short Answer Type Questions 7. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) Write 5 ways we waste water in our daily routine and mention 5 ways to take measures in saving water. AS5-Mapping Skills Long Answer Type Questions 8. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) On an outline map of India locate the states that were hit by Tsunami in the Eastern and Southern Coastal India. CHAPTER 24. DISASTER MANAGEMENT 90
CHAPTER 24-DISASTER MANAGEMENT CHAPTER 24. DISASTER MANAGEMENT 91
CHAPTER 24-DISASTER MANAGEMENT Objective Questions AS1-Conceptual Understanding 9. Choose the correct answer. (i) Which of the following is an example of the natural disaster? (A) Earthquakes (B) Floods (C) Cyclones (D) All of the above (ii) The term “Tsunami” has been coined from words “tsu” and “name”. (A) Indian (B) Japanese (C) Russian (D) Chinese (iii) Tsunamis are generated by earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, or under water landslides. (A) Small waves (B) Long waves (C) Huge waves (D) Ocean current (iv) Which of the following is an example of human induced disaster? (A) Bhopal Gas tragedy 1984 (B) Cyclones (C) Volcanoes (D) Droughts (v) When did the Kumbakonam school tragedy occur? (A) 2003 (B) 2005 (C) 2013 (D) 2001 (vi) Tsunami can move at _________ per hour on coastal plain, faster than a person can run. (A) 60 kmph (B) 50 kmph (C) 100 kmph (D) 20 kmph (vii) It is one of the impacts of drought. (B) Increasing of population (A) Scarcity of food grains (C) Increasing of birth rate (D) Pollution CHAPTER 24. DISASTER MANAGEMENT 92
CHAPTER 24-DISASTER MANAGEMENT (viii) What does IWMP stand for? (A) Integrated Watershed Management Programme (B) Industrial Water Maintenance Project (C) Integrated Weather Management Pact (D) International water management Programme (ix) transmit warnings of buoys on the sea surface, which relay it to satellites. (A) Thermometers (B) Tsunameters (C) Speedometer (D) Richter scale (x) How is excess rainfall determined? (A) +20 percent or more of the average rainfall (B) +19 percent to –19 percent of the average rainfall (C) –20 percent to –59 percent of the average rainfall (D) –60 percent or less of the average rainfall CHAPTER 24. DISASTER MANAGEMENT 93
PROJECT BASED QUESTIONS —— Project Based Questions —— (i) Films often carry strong social messages. Write on any film which you feel had significant social rele- vance. Comment on why you chose the film. (ii) India boasts of a number of social reformers. There are famous reformers in Europe and Britain as well. Choose any such reformer and draw a comparison with an Indian social reformer of your choice. What were their backgrounds? What made them take up the social cause? What was the ideology that guided them? How did they try to bring about reforms? What were the challenges faced by them? Were they successful? (iii) In recent times the Right to Information Act (RTI) has been in limelight. Find out the controversies surrounding the Act. What is the latest status of the Act? (iv) Apart from cricket are there any sports that are widely played in your state? Find out about it? How it is played? What is the current condition of that sport? Do they get any government support? What do you think can be done to encourage the sportsmen? Project Based Questions 94
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