Passport-G4-Textbook-Science-FY

I Apply We need energy to do work, whether sitting, standing, running or sleeping. We need energy: • for our body to do different work. • to light up bulbs, tube lights and so on. • to use phones, televisions, computers and so on. • to cook food. • to cool or heat homes and offices using fans, heaters and coolers. • to run vehicles. Be Amazed Have you seen lightning during the rainy lightning season? It is the natural form of electricity. It is very powerful. It can burn everything on its way. During lightning, we should avoid standing under a tree. I Explore (H.O.T.S.) It is important to save or conserve energy. Some of the easy ways to save energy are: 1) Turn off fans, lights and other electrical devices when not in use. 2) Lots of energy is used in making paper and plastic. So, we should recycle these things to make newspapers, bottles and so on. We should not waste paper from our notebooks. We should also try to use less plastic. We should use jute and paper bags instead of plastic bags. 3) We should use renewable energy more than non-renewable energy. Forms of Energy 97 NR_BGM_9789387552760-Passport-G4-Textbook-Science-FY_Text.pdf 101 12/28/2017 11:58:59 AM

Connect the Dots English Fun Adjectives are describing words. Make adjectives using the following nouns: 1) heat: _________________________________________________________________________ 2) Sun: _________________________________________________________________________ Social Studies Fun Archimedes, a Greek mathematician used solar energy to defeat his enemies. He used ‘heat rays’ to burn the ships. Find out how. (Hint: using a mirror to focus the sun’s rays onto the ships) A Note to Parent Help your child to identify different sources and forms of energy used at home. For example, a solar cooker uses solar energy, a television and the computer use electric energy and so on. 98 12/28/2017 11:58:59 AM NR_BGM_9789387552760-Passport-G4-Textbook-Science-FY_Text.pdf 102

Inside the Lab – C Make sure you do these activities only with the help of a teacher or an adult. Activity C1: Building a Shelter You will need: chart papers, cardboard boxes, coloured/crepe papers, crayons or colour pencils, glue or tape You need to: 1) Make groups of students, and provide them with cardboard boxes. 2) They need to build a model shelter using the materials provided. 3) For making a shelter using cardboard boxes, the following steps can be helpful: Step 1: Take a cardboard box. Step 2: Draw the outlines for doors and windows on it. Step 3: Cut the doors and windows, and stick craft paper as you need. (Teacher should help the students while cutting.) Step 4: M ake a roof for your cardboard house by cutting small pieces of cardboard as shown in Step 4. Step 5: You can make different types of houses as shown in Step 5. step 1 step 2 step 3 step 4 step 5 NR_BGM_9789387552760-Passport-G4-Textbook-Science-FY_Text.pdf 103 99 12/28/2017 11:58:59 AM

4) For building a shelter using chart papers, you can use the following steps: Step 1: Draw the outline of the house on the chart paper. Cut the paper on the borders. (Teacher should help the students while cutting.) Step 2: Fold the paper on the outlines. Step 3: Cut the windows. Step 4: Stick the border as shown in Step 4. Step 5: Paint it or use craft papers to decorate this shelter. You can even put lights in it. step 1 step 2 step 3 step 4 step 5 Activity C2: Power of Solar Energy Let us use sunlight and a magnifying glass to make fire. You will need: paper, small pieces of dry wood, a magnifying glass, a bucket of water to put out the fire You need to: 1) take a piece of paper to an open ground where you get bright sunlight. (Carefully select a place where the fire cannot spread and burn anything else) 2) take a small piece of dry wood, and place the paper over it. 3) hold the magnifying glass in such a way that the sunlight falls on it and all the light is focused on the paper. A small, bright dot will appear on the paper. 4) wait for some time. After a while, you can see that the paper catches fire. 5) put off the fire as soon as it ignites by pouring water on it. (Take help from the teacher.) 100 12/28/2017 11:58:59 AM NR_BGM_9789387552760-Passport-G4-Textbook-Science-FY_Text.pdf 104