51704106_BGM_9789387888036_Summit G4 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 51 Module 4 47 3/19/2018 10:45:33 AM
Creative Writing Diary entry A diary is a book in which one can write about things that happen in everyday life. People write diary entries to remember things that happen in their day-to-day lives. People share their thoughts, feelings, hopes and dreams in their diaries. Look at the sample of a diary entry below. Salutation/Greeting Tuesday, 12th April Day and date Signature Dear Diary, Contents of the diary entry I really had a great day today. I Diary entries are turned nine years old. I had my always written in first favourite cake: black forest. My best person. friend, Yasser, got me a big jigsaw puzzle. I am waiting to open it and play with it! My other friend, Nitya, made a beautiful wall hanging of a dog for me! She knows that I love dogs. My parents are planning a trip to Kerala this weekend so that we can celebrate my birthday. I am feeling so happy and loved! Puja 48 3/19/2018 10:45:33 AM 51704106_BGM_9789387888036_Summit G4 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 52
Exercise 6: Imagine you were given a chance to explore the world. Where did you go? What did you see? Write the details of the trip in your diary. Friday, 15th ___________________________ ______________________________________, I was lucky enough to win a trip for two in a competition. So, Mummy and I went to __________________________________________________________________________________! We saw ___________________________________________________________________________________________ such as ___________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________. Mummy and I also visited __________________________________________________________________ and went to a few popular food joints in the city. The trip was _______________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________! Both Mummy and I learned a lot. I wish we _________________________________________________ ____________________ more days. But we had to return in ____________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________. If we had some more time, ________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________. _____________________________________ 51704106_BGM_9789387888036_Summit G4 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 53 Module 4 49 3/19/2018 10:45:33 AM
R2 Reading Comprehension Passage 1 Read the passage and answer the questions given below. Anandi looked excited. ‘OK Papa, which places will we visit tomorrow?’ she asked. Manohar said, ‘We will visit Anjuna, Candolim and Calangute beaches tomorrow. We will also visit a few churches. We will go to the Basilica of Bom Jesus in Old Goa and the church of St Francis of Assisi. Let us go back to the hotel and take rest now.’ The family had a quiet dinner at the hotel. They enjoyed the traditional food of Goa: fish curry, rice and Arroz Doce, a pudding. Sharat and Anandi sat next to their parents on the bed before going to sleep. Sharat asked curiously, ‘Papa, tell us more about Goa.’ Manohar said, ‘Goa is India’s smallest state in terms of area and fourth smallest in terms of population. It is located on the western coast of India along the Arabian Sea. It is renowned for its beautiful beaches. Tourists from all over India and other countries flock here for an unforgettable experience. Panaji is the capital of Goa. The other important city is Margao. Isn’t all this interesting?’ The children nodded, ‘Yes, Papa’. ‘Konkani is the official language here. Marathi, Hindi and Portuguese are also spoken here by the people. So you can learn Konkani here, children.’ 1) Which beaches were Anandi’s family going to visit in Goa? Ans. 2) Where is Goa located? Ans. 50 51704106_BGM_9789387888036_Summit G4 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 54 3/19/2018 10:45:33 AM
. 3) Write the noun forms of the following words: a) traditional – ______________________________ b) excited – ______________________________ c) beautiful – ______________________________ 4) The opposite of ‘unforgettable’ is 5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1) official a) the residents of a place 2) population b) famous or well-known 3) renowned c) formal Passage 2 Read the passage and answer the questions given below. Welcome to the Arctic! It is a cold and windy area around the North Pole. The Arctic includes the Arctic Ocean and the land near it. Snow and ice cover the ground for most of the year. Walruses, polar bears and snowy owls are a few animals that live in this habitat and survive the cold. A walrus spends most of its time in the icy water. It has a thick layer of blubber or fat under its skin to keep itself warm. When a walrus swims, its blood flows away from its skin to the important organs inside its body. This helps to keep the walrus warm. Its skin also turns white. When it is warm again, its skin turns pink. A polar bear has special fur to keep itself warm. Each strand of hair is shaped like a straw. The shape helps to direct sunlight towards the bear’s black skin that collects and holds in heat. 51704106_BGM_9789387888036_Summit G4 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 55 Reading Comprehension 51 3/19/2018 10:45:33 AM
A snowy owl has two layers of feathers that cover its entire body. The bottom layer, which is soft and fluffy, is called 'down'. The outer layer of feathers is thick. In strong winds, the snowy owl may hide on the ground behind a pile of snow or rocks to block the wind. 1) Which are the animals that live in the Arctic? Ans. 2) What happens when a walrus swims? Ans. 3) Underline the adjectives in the sentences given below. Write what types of adjectives they are. a) The Earth has two poles. Ans. b) Walruses have a thick layer of blubber. Ans. c) There is a lot of snow and ice in the Arctic. Ans. 4) The meaning of ‘blubber’ is . 5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1) habitat a) soft, fine feathers 2) down b) continue to live under difficult conditions 3) survive c) the natural home of an animal 52 51704106_BGM_9789387888036_Summit G4 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 56 3/19/2018 10:45:33 AM
Module 5 Section Name What I Will Learn Dictation Word dictation Listening Audio Listen and answer Vocabulary Suffixes Types of adjectives Grammar Degrees of comparison Editing exercise Formal Writing Biography writing Creative Writing 51704106_BGM_9789387888036_Summit G4 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 57 53 3/19/2018 10:45:33 AM
Dictation 3) 6) Exercise 1: Word dictation 9) 1) 2) 4) 5) 7) 8) Listening Audio Exercise 2: Listen to the audio and answer the questions. 1) What was Mrs Shastri doing when the thief came in? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2) What did she do when she heard a loud noise? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 3) What was the thief doing when Mrs Shastri saw him? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 4) What was the thief wearing? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 5) What did the thief steal? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 54 51704106_BGM_9789387888036_Summit G4 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 58 3/19/2018 10:45:33 AM
PR Vocabulary Q Suffixes Exercise 3.1: Choose the correct suffix from between ‘-ment’ and ‘-tion’. Make new words by combining the base words with the correct suffixes. Base word Suffix New word 1) agree 2) attract 3) appoint 4) suggest 5) pay 6) invent Exercise 3.2: Fill in the blanks by using the correct suffix from between ‘-tion’ and ‘-ment’ in each case. Use the base words in brackets as hints. 1) Mira is moving in the ________________________________ (direct) of the campus. 2) Zaheer showed a marked ________________________________ (improve) in his writing skills. 3) The ________________________________ (argue) continued for two hours and stopped only after Rita accepted defeat. 4) Burying a person alive was a harsh ________________________________ (punish) given by rulers in olden times. 5) The ________________________________ (construct) site had a crane as well as a bulldozer. 6) My old grandmother needs to take medicines after every meal for proper ________________________________ (digest). 51704106_BGM_9789387888036_Summit G4 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 59 Module 5 55 3/19/2018 10:45:33 AM
Grammar Adjectives Adjectives are words that describe nouns and pronouns. Read the passage and underline the adjectives. State whether these are adjectives of quality, quantity or number. Allan is a tall boy. He is wearing a new T-shirt. This is the fifth T-shirt he was gifted this year. He really loves his toy cars. Allan has seven toy cars. Allan carries some water and a little milk when he goes out to play. Ans. __________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Remember • A djectives of quality point out the quality of nouns. They answer the question: ‘of what kind?’. Examples: blue sky, lovely day, noisy street, large room, old shirt • Adjectives of quantity tell us ‘how many’ or ‘how much’. Examples: some, a little, all, several, much, many, a lot of, plenty of, few • A djectives of number tell us about the number or position of nouns or pronouns spoken about. They tell us ‘how many’. Examples: five, seventeen, twenty-four, tenth 56 3/19/2018 10:45:33 AM 51704106_BGM_9789387888036_Summit G4 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 60
Exercise 4.1: Read the paragraph and underline the adjectives. Sort them into adjectives of quality, quantity and number. One is done for you. Adnan was excited. He was going to the market by himself for the first time. He entered the busy market and went to a shop. He bought some juice and three packets of biscuits. He had enough money to buy these things. Adjectives of quality excited Adjectives of quantity Adjectives of number Degrees of comparison Read the following sentences: Delhi is cold during winter. Shimla is colder than Delhi Leh is the coldest of the during winter. three cities. • In the first sentence, ‘cold’ is an adjective that simply describes the weather of Delhi during winter. • In the second sentence, the adjective ‘colder’ compares the weather of Shimla and Delhi during winter. • In the third sentence, the adjective ‘coldest’ is used to compare the weather of Delhi, Shimla and Leh during winter. It also shows which city is the ‘most cold’ among the three. To show comparison, adjectives change their forms. These forms are also known as degrees of comparison. Module 5 57 51704106_BGM_9789387888036_Summit G4 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 61 3/19/2018 10:45:33 AM
The three degrees of comparison cold • T his is the positive degree of an adjective. It is used when we describe something or someone and not for making a comparison. Examples: clever, strong, small • T his is the comparative degree of an adjective. It is used while comparing two nouns or pronouns. • W e can make a comparative degree by simply adding ‘-er’ to an adjective. colder Examples: cleverer, stronger, smaller • T he word ‘than’ is also used during comparisons. Example: Ramu is quicker than Mohan. • T his is the superlative degree of an adjective. It is used to compare more than two things. • It can be formed by adding ‘-est’ to the positive degree. Examples: cleverest, strongest, smallest coldest • W e use the word ‘the’ before the superlative degree. Example: Rakesh is the quickest boy in the class. • T he word 'among' is used when we compare more than two things or people. It also compares one person or thing in a group to the other people or things in the same group. Example: Jalebis are the sweetest among all the Indian sweets. Let us now look at the degrees of comparison of a few adjectives. Positive degree Comparative degree Superlative degree short shorter shortest long longer longest smart smarter smartest old older/elder oldest/eldest 58 51704106_BGM_9789387888036_Summit G4 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 62 3/19/2018 10:45:33 AM
Positive degree Comparative degree Superlative degree rich richer richest weak weaker weakest new newer newest Exercise 4.2: Complete the table with positive, comparative or superlative degrees of the given adjectives. One is done for you. Positive degree Comparative degree Superlative degree 1) quick quicker quickest 2) _____________________ _____________________ oldest/eldest 3) _____________________ younger 4) poor _____________________ 5) bright _____________________ _____________________ 6) _____________________ _____________________ _____________________ _____________________ strongest Exercise 4.3: Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the adjectives given in brackets. One is done for you. 1) Rajesh is taller (tall) than his brother, Rakesh. 2) Praveen is too _________________________ (lazy) to exercise daily. Module 5 59 51704106_BGM_9789387888036_Summit G4 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 63 3/19/2018 10:45:33 AM
3) Arsha likes wearing _________________________ (big) earrings with her sarees. 4) May is the _________________________ (warm) month of the year. 5) This shoe is _________________________ (clean) than the other. 6) That is the _________________________ (bright) star in the sky. Writing Formal Writing Editing exercise Exercise 5: The paragraph given below has mistakes in it. There are spelling, punctuation, sentence formation and grammatical errors. Rewrite the passage after rectifying the errors. have you heard of thomas alva edison he is one of the great inventors ever known. You cannot imagin what he would do to get ansers. He wood carry out experiments to found the answers. Once he even sat on eggs and tries to hatch them? Grate scientists are born every day in the world, but the name off Edison will always be ritten in golden letters among there names. 60 3/19/2018 10:45:33 AM 51704106_BGM_9789387888036_Summit G4 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 64
Creative Writing Biography writing When someone writes about someone else’s life, that piece of writing is called a biography. Exercise 6: Write the biography of a person whom you know and admire. Share the important details of his or her life and their special characteristics. Hints: • Where and when was he or she born? • Describe his or her childhood. Module 5 61 51704106_BGM_9789387888036_Summit G4 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 65 3/19/2018 10:45:33 AM
• Give a few details of his or her adulthood. • What kind of a person is he or she? • Why do you admire this person? 62 3/19/2018 10:45:33 AM 51704106_BGM_9789387888036_Summit G4 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 66
Module 6 Section Name What I Will Learn Dictation Sentence dictation Listening Audio Listen and answer Vocabulary Dictionary work Grammar Articles Formal Writing Paragraph writing Creative Writing Speech writing Reading Passage 1 Comprehension Passage 2 51704106_BGM_9789387888036_Summit G4 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 67 63 3/19/2018 10:45:33 AM
Dictation Exercise 1: Sentence dictation 1) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 3) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 4) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 5) ____________________________________________________________________________________ Listening Audio Exercise 2: Listen to the audio and answer the questions. 1) For how long should you wash your hands? [] a) for five minutes b) till the count of twenty c) for three minutes d) till the count of five 2) Why shouldn’t we share water bottles? [] a) Germs may spread. b) Water differs from house to house. c) Some water bottles are not clean. d) Water bottles can break. 3) What should you do when you have a fever? [] a) go outdoors b) play with friends c) stay at home d) eat junk food 4) Why should we eat fruits and vegetables in plenty? [] a) They boost the immune system. b) They make one sick. c) They weaken the immune system. d) They are cheap. 5) For how many hours should we sleep every day? [] a) six hours b) two hours c) seven hours d) eight hours 64 51704106_BGM_9789387888036_Summit G4 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 68 3/19/2018 10:45:33 AM
PR Vocabulary Q Dictionary work A dictionary is a book that lists words and their meanings in alphabetical order. We use dictionaries to search for meanings of words, their spellings, pronunciations and other such information. Nowadays, we also have online dictionaries. They are very simple dictionary to use. We just need to type the word that we are searching for and read its meaning. Online dictionaries also give example sentences. We can even listen to the pronunciation of difficult words using online dictionaries. For example: 51704106_BGM_9789387888036_Summit G4 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 69 Module 6 65 3/19/2018 10:45:33 AM
Exercise 3.1: Use a physical dictionary to find the meanings of the first three words. Then, use an online dictionary to find the meanings of the next three words. 1) tradition – __________________________________________________________________ 2) audience – __________________________________________________________________ 3) performance – __________________________________________________________________ 4) theatre – __________________________________________________________________ 5) ancient – __________________________________________________________________ 6) camera – __________________________________________________________________ Exercise 3.2: Look up the following words in a dictionary. Write their meanings and parts of speech. Also, mention a synonym for each word. Word Part of speech Meaning Synonym 1) cheerful 2) embarrassing 3) amusing 4) swiftly 5) scare 6) strange Write one sentence each using the words mentioned in the table. 1) 2) 3) 4) 66 51704106_BGM_9789387888036_Summit G4 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 70 3/19/2018 10:45:33 AM
5) 6) Grammar Articles Remember The words ‘a’, ‘an’ and ‘the’ are called articles. ► ‘A’ and ‘an’ are called the indefinite articles. These are used depending on the first sound of a word. • If the first letter of a word makes a consonant sound, then the article ‘a’ is used before the word. • If the first letter of a word makes a vowel sound, then the article ‘an’ is used before it. a boy, an apple, a girl an egg Remember Remember that the first ‘sound’ and not the first ‘letter’ should be considered. Example: It is an honour to meet you. We say ‘an’ honour even though the first letter in honour is ‘h’, which is a consonant. This is because while pronouncing this word, ‘h’ is silent and we pronounce the word as ‘aunur’. The same goes for words like ‘uniform’ or ‘unicorn’. We use the article ‘a’ before them as the first sound in these words is /y/ even though the first letters are vowels. Module 6 67 51704106_BGM_9789387888036_Summit G4 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 71 3/19/2018 10:45:33 AM
► ‘The’ is called the definite article. It is used to: • refer to something that has already been mentioned or where the noun is something specific or particular. • refer to something that is only one of its kind. • refer to names of rivers, mountains, seas and so on. The thief who stole The Sun is The Alps are the the diamonds has shining highest not been caught. brightly. mountain ranges in Europe. Pronouncing ‘the’ Remember • We pronounce ‘the’ as the when the next word starts with a consonant sound. • We pronounce ‘the’ as thee when the next word starts with a vowel sound. Let us look at the examples given below. We write Vowel sound We pronounce the apple a ‘thee’ apple the elephant e ‘thee’ elephant the ice cream i ‘thee’ ice cream the orange o ‘thee’ orange the umbrella u ‘thee’ umbrella 68 3/19/2018 10:45:33 AM 51704106_BGM_9789387888036_Summit G4 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 72
Zero articles A zero article is where a noun does not need an article in speech or writing. Let us look at a few instances where no articles are needed. • I hate coffee. We do not use an article while saying general things about plural and • I love rock music. uncountable nouns. • I am afraid of heights. We do not use an article before • Creativity and patience are important skills. abstract nouns. • My mother gives good advice. • Bhavna is from Switzerland. We do not use an article before names of people, countries, towns, subjects, • Satyam can speak French. languages or proper nouns. • Zayed is studying Biology. Exercise 4.1: Read the sentences given below. Write whether the article ‘the’ is pronounced as ‘the’ or ‘thee’ in each sentence. One is done for you. 1) The principal of this school is Mrs Dias. – the 2) Do you know the address of his house? – __________________ 3) Shyam goes to the orphanage every Sunday. – __________________ 4) That is the honest boy who returned my purse. – __________________ 5) The utensils in this kitchen are very dirty. – __________________ 6) Please keep the umbrella in there. – __________________ Exercise 4.2: Fill in the blanks with ‘a’, ‘an’ or ‘the’. Put a ‘0’ (zero) if you think that no article is needed. One is done for you. 1) The Indian Ocean 2) _______________ China 51704106_BGM_9789387888036_Summit G4 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 73 Module 6 69 3/19/2018 10:45:33 AM
3) _______________ strawberry 4) _______________ uniform 5) _______________ Ayub 6) _______________ elf Exercise 4.3: Fill in the blanks with the correct articles from the options given in brackets. Write ‘0’ (zero) where no articles are needed. One is done for you. 1) I am a student. (the/a/0) 2) __________________ Nile is a very long river. (0/An/The) 3) __________________ Rose feeds her baby. (0/The/A) 4) This is __________________ candle. (an/a/0) 5) What __________________ elegant lady! (the/0/an) 6) I love eating __________________ apricots. (an/0/the) Writing Formal Writing Persuasive paragraph writing Exercise 5: Fill in the gaps to complete the paragraph given below on ‘Why art, music, dance and language classes are as important as other subjects in school’. Children should learn ______________________________________________________________________ _______ at school. When we say subjects, we do not mean only _____________________________ 70 51704106_BGM_9789387888036_Summit G4 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 74 3/19/2018 10:45:33 AM
_______________________________________________ but also ___________________________________ _______________________________. We learn Maths and Science to ___________________________ ________________________________________. But arts and languages are _______________________ ____________________________________. Music helps a student ________________________________ _____________________ and also teaches ____________________________________________________ ________________. It has ___________________________________________________________________. Dance can _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________. Language helps _______________________________________________. One may want to become a _____________________________________________________________, and these classes also help one to _________________________________________________________ ________________________________________. Other forms of art that should be given importance and could be taught are __________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________. We must remember that arts and languages ___________________________________________________________________________________________ with Maths and Science. One cannot learn one without ____________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________. 51704106_BGM_9789387888036_Summit G4 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 75 Module 6 71 3/19/2018 10:45:33 AM
Creative Writing Speech writing A speech is a talk or lecture delivered to an audience. Read the sample given below to understand the different sections that make up a speech. Salutation/Greeting Swachh Bharat Abhiyan Title Address the listeners in this part. Good morning, ladies and Opening lines gentlemen! This sets the tone for Closing line the speech and tells Thank the audience. One of the initiatives launched the audience what by our Honourable Prime Minister, to expect. Shri Narendra Modi, is the much- needed Swachh Bharat Abhiyan Body of the speech that asks citizens to pledge and Make a case for devote themselves to cleanliness the speech. Include and hygiene. examples if needed. Several individuals, municipalities, Concluding lines organisations and even ministries, Close or end the such as the Ministry for Drinking speech with a Water and Sanitation and the conclusion or a call Ministry for Urban Development, for action. have pledged themselves to providing and maintaining a clean India under the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan. Cleanliness plays a big role in the development of a nation – it helps in maintaining personal hygiene and eradicating diseases. Therefore, I ask that our school and each of us personally will remember to do our part to help achieve the cause of Swachh Bharat. To make a start in this direction, our school is sponsoring the cleaning of our locality this Sunday, and all are requested to participate. Thank you! 72 51704106_BGM_9789387888036_Summit G4 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 76 3/19/2018 10:45:33 AM
Exercise 6: You have been asked to give a speech on an invention that has changed the world. Given below is an outline of the speech. Fill in appropriate words, phrases and sentences to complete it. Title: . Respected Principal, teachers and fellow students, I am here to talk about something important today. Today, I am going to speak about an invention that has changed the world. It is Intoday’s world, we are dependent on Truly, life has changed . . ! 51704106_BGM_9789387888036_Summit G4 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 77 Module 6 73 3/19/2018 10:45:34 AM
R3 Reading Comprehension Passage 1 Read the passage and answer the questions given below. There was an old king who liked to ride his elephant to town just after sunrise. After the rides, he would send the elephant to its trainer and his wife, who would bathe and feed it. One day, the king fell ill, and his son decided to sell the elephant to the circus. The elephant was very sad. Its trainer said, ‘Don’t be sad. You will be taught many tricks, and you will be happy to see the children who will love you.’ True enough, as soon as he entered the ring, the children clapped their hands and called out to him. Everybody loved the elephant, and he was happy travelling across the country with the circus. On one of his trips, he arrived at his old hometown. His wish to see his trainer and the king grew stronger every day. One day, he ran away from the circus and reached the palace. He was shocked to see it broken and empty! The elephant turned back, and tears rolled down his eyes. Suddenly, he heard someone call his name. He looked back and saw his trainer. Immediately, he ran towards him, lifted him onto his back and went back to the circus. Everybody was happy to see the elephant. The trainer joined the circus and helped in training the other elephants. 1) Whom would the king send the elephant to after the rides? Ans. 74 51704106_BGM_9789387888036_Summit G4 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 78 3/19/2018 10:45:34 AM
2) What did the king’s son decide to do when his father fell ill? Ans. 3) Write the correct subject and object pronouns for each of the words given below. a) king – ___________________________ b) palace – ___________________________ c) wife – ___________________________ 4) A word from the passage that rhymes with ‘guide’ is . 5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1) trainer a) unexpectedly 2) shocked b) coach 3) suddenly c) felt upset and surprised Passage 2 Read the passage and answer the questions given below. It was a bright and sunny morning. A large group of young boys gathered in the forest with their bows and arrows. But they were not ordinary boys. They were the five Pandavas and the hundred Kauravas. A fierce rivalry between them had begun to grow when they were just children. The royal children learnt the skills of using weapons from Dronacharya. He was one of the greatest warriors of his time. He had learnt the secret of powerful weapons from Parasurama. Reading Comprehension 75 51704106_BGM_9789387888036_Summit G4 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 79 3/19/2018 10:45:34 AM
The Pandavas and the Kauravas were quick to learn. Each of them had his own favourite weapon. Duryodhana and Bhima favoured the mace and Yudhisthira the spear. Arjuna was fascinated by bows and arrows. The twins Nakula and Sahadeva were most comfortable with swords. The guru treated all his disciples equally. However, he liked Arjuna the most because Arjuna practised his art with great concentration. Soon, he became the best archer among all. Duryodhana and his brother Dushasana did not like this and openly criticised their guru for favouring Arjuna. As a reply to their criticism, Dronacharya arranged for a test to pick out the best archer from among them. On that day, Guru Dronacharya asked the students to gather by the forest near his ashram. He had placed a wooden bird with a clearly painted eye on one of the trees. The task was to hit the wooden bird in the eye. 1) What was Yudhisthira’s choice of weapon? Ans. 2) Who was the best archer? Ans. 3) Write the comparative forms of the adjectives given in brackets to fill in the blanks. a) R am’s house is ____________________________ to the school than Mohit’s house. (near) b) This painting is ____________________________ from here than it is from there. (clear) c) This bird has ____________________________ colours on its wings than the other birds. (bright) 4) T he word from the passage that means ‘did again and again to get better at . something’ is 5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1) rivalry a) preferred 2) favoured b) disapproved 3) criticised c) competition 76 51704106_BGM_9789387888036_Summit G4 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 80 3/19/2018 10:45:34 AM
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