202110228-TRIUMPH-STUDENT-WORKBOOK-SOCIAL_STUDIES-G07-PART2

Social Workbook_7_P_2.pdf 1 10/18/19 12:56 PM 7 Part - 2 Name: ___________________________________ Section: ________________ Roll No.: _________ School: __________________________________

Table of Contents Unit Theme Content Page No. 1 3. Political Systems and 16. Making of Laws in the State 18 Governance Assembly 17. Implementation of Laws in the District 18. Caste Discrimination and the 30 Struggle for Equalities 42 4. Social Organisations and 19. Livelihood and Struggles of Urban Inequalities Workers 5. Religion and Society 20. Folk- Religion 61 21. Devotional Paths to the Divine 76 6. Culture and 22. Rulers And Buildings 90 Communication 106 Project Based Questions

16. MAKING OF LAWS IN THE STATE ASSEMBLY SESSION 1 MAKING OF LAWS IN THE STATE ASSEMBLY – STATE LEGISLATURES 1.1 Mind Map 1.2 Terminology 1. Manifesto : A public declaration of policy and aims, especially one issued before an election by a political party or candidate 2. Cabinet : Cabinet consists of members elected in the general election in the state . They represent several constituencies. 3. Speaker : A speaker is chosen by the members of Legislative Assembly to monitor the smooth conduct of the assembly members. SESSION 1. STATE LEGISLATURES 1

CHAPTER 16-MAKING OF LAWS IN THE STATE ASSEMBLY 1.3 Improve Your Learning Conceptual Understanding Q1. Name the few areas related to day to day lives of people on which laws should be made. [Refer to TB page 157 Q1] A. Now the governments are welfare governments. The governments are making acts on every aspect of human life. Still there are a few areas related to life of people on which laws should be made. They are 1) Agriculture 2) Transport Protective meausers in the drought prone areas, electricity, public health, education etc.are the few areas related to the life of people on which laws should be made. Reflection on Contemporary Issues and Questioning Q1. There is a law that no child from the age of 6—14 should remain out of school. What steps should be taken to implement this law? Discuss among yourselves with the help of your teacher. [Refer to TB page 157 Q3] A. 1) Child labour should be strictly prohibited. 2) The employer of child labourers should be severly punished. 3) Free and compulsory education should be provided to all children up to 18 years of age. 4) Free books, uniforms, midday meals, hostels for the needy should be provided. 5) Parents must be made aware of the benefits of education. 6) The panchayats and Municipalities should take the responsibility and ensure that there are no homeless children on the streets. 7) To open new schools in areas with no formal school within one kilometer radius. 8) The government and non governmental organisations should highlight the plight of the girl child and stress on the need for universalisation of elementary education. Q2. Suppose you are a member of the Telangana Legislative Assembly, which issue will you raise and why? Explain the example [Refer to TB page 157 Q4] A. If I were the member of the Telangana Legislative Assembly, I would raise the ground water level issue in my constituency. Because almost in all the delta area, corn is being grown as a second crop in the rabi season which needs of a lot of water. The crop needs at least 5 spells of watering. It causes decrease in ground water level to a great extent. There has been an increase in the number of bore wells. Because of the decrease of groundwater level the bore wells cannot pump out the water. So people have to walk a long distance to fetch water. Hence I would like to raise the ground water level issue in the Assembly and ask the government to take proper steps to increase the ground water level. I would also insist on implementing the law strictly related to the cutting down of the forests. SESSION 1. STATE LEGISLATURES 2

CHAPTER 16-MAKING OF LAWS IN THE STATE ASSEMBLY 1.4 Key Concepts i. In our country laws are made by the Legislative Assemblies (in the states) and the parliament(at the centre). ii. Our state assembly has 119 seats in total iii. A voter of a constituency will vote to elect only one member for the assembly. iv. Each constituency comprises of a number of villages, towns and cities. v. Various political parties field their candidates in the elections. vi. The majority party members( M.L.A ‘s) elect one member as their leader, who will be made the Chief Minister by the Governor. SESSION 1. STATE LEGISLATURES 3

SESSION 2 MAKING OF LAWS IN THE STATE ASSEMBLY – STATE ASSEMBLY AND PASSING OF LAWS 2.1 Mind Map SESSION 2. STATE ASSEMBLY AND PASSING OF LAWS 4

CHAPTER 16-MAKING OF LAWS IN THE STATE ASSEMBLY 2.2 Terminology 1. Cabinet: The C.M and the other ministers together who are responsible for implementation of laws, Development plans etc. 2. Speaker: The elected person who presides over the legislative assembly and conducts the meetings. 2.3 Improve Your Learning Conceptual Understanding Q1. At present very few states in our country has a bicameral legislature. Can you name them? [Refer to TB page 157 Q6] A. Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Bihar, Karnataka, Maharashtra ,Uttar Pradesh have bicameral bicameral legislature. Q2. Write an imaginary dialogue for the following picture in the context of the chapter. [Refer to TB page 157 Q8] A. Student’s Activity Information Skills Q1. Suppose there is a state under the name of Purabgarh with 368 assembly seats. After an election, different political parties got the following seats [Refer to TB page 157 Q5] Party A — 89 Party B — 91 Party C — 70 Party D — 84 Others — 34 Total - 368 Read the above’ table and answer the following questions. a) Of the 368 seats how many seats are needed for getting a majority to form a government in the state? b) Which is the single largest party after the election? c) Can the single largest party form the Government? d) If not, what can be the possible alternatives to form the government? e) How would a coalition government be different from a one–party government? SESSION 2. STATE ASSEMBLY AND PASSING OF LAWS 5

CHAPTER 16-MAKING OF LAWS IN THE STATE ASSEMBLY A. a) 185 b) Party ‘B’ c) No d) Three or more parties come together to form the government. e) The parties have their own manifestos. It is very difficult for the Government to implement different manifestos. Decisions will be taken on the willingness of the other parties which are a part of the coalition Government. Reflection on Contemporary Issues and Questioning Q1. Your school belongs to the department of school education. Find out some laws which may be applied to your school. (students, teachers, headmaster / principal / PTA) [Refer to TB page 157 Q2] A. 1) For all the children in the age group of 6 to 14, free and compulsory education should be given. 2) School teachers should have adequate professional degree with the relevant experience 3) School infrastructure to be improved in three years, else the recognition of schools will be cancelled. 4) A study on teachers found out that ‘only about half were teaching’ during an unannounced visit by the sample survey personnel. So a law should be made to punish those teachers who skip work. 5) A study reveals that 59% of schools had no drinking water and 89% had no toilets. So a law should be made for providing drinking water and toilets in all schools. 6) A law should be made to punish those who prevent the girls from going to schools so that woman literacy rate may be increased. 7) The Headmaster must maintain all the records as per the order of the D.E.O. e.g.: Pupils attendance register, Teacher’s attendance register, Admission register etc 2.4 Key Concepts 1. The candidate who secures the highest number of votes is declared elected. 2. The party which has more than half the number of seats in Legislative Assembly is called to form the government by the Governer. 3. The members of the majority party will elect one member among themselves as their leader. He will be made the chief minister of the state by Governor. 4. The chief minister will form his cabinet, which is called the government. The cabinet is responsible for implementing laws and developmental plans. 5. In case no single party gets more than half the seats, two or more political parties can come together to form a government called the coalition government. 6. If anything goes wrong with governance, the entire cabinet is responsible for it. 7. The speaker, elected by the M.L.A’s, conducts the assembly meetings. 8. The entire cabinet along with the Chief Minister are responsible to the assembly. 9. The proposed law is called a ‘Bill’. After being passed by both the chambers and approval by the Governor, it becomes a law and is called an ‘Act’ of the legislature. 10. The minister, who introduced the bill, will describe it, in detail in the assembly. 11. A small committee is set up to review the suggestions made in the bill 12. After the Vidhan Sabha and Vidhan Parishad approve the bill, it will be sent to the Governor for approval. Then it will be called an Act and it is published in the Gazette. SESSION 2. STATE ASSEMBLY AND PASSING OF LAWS 6

CHAPTER 16-MAKING OF LAWS IN THE STATE ASSEMBLY —— CCE Based Practice Questions —— AS1-Conceptual Understanding Very Short Answer Type Questions 1. Match the following. Column A Column B i. Legislative Assembly a. Vidhan Parishad ii. Legislative Council b. 6 years iii. MLA’s tenure c. 5 years iv. MLC’s tenure d. 119 v. Telangana constituencies e. Lower house 2. Match the following. Column A Column B i. Chief Minister a. Head of the state ii. Governor b. Two houses iii. Speaker c. Cabinet iv. Bicameral legislature d. One house v. Unicameral legislature e. Head of the assembly 3. Answer the following questions in one sentence. (i) Name the two chambers of legislature in Telangana? (ii) What does MLA stand for? CHAPTER 16. MAKING OF LAWS IN THE STATE ASSEMBLY 7

CHAPTER 16-MAKING OF LAWS IN THE STATE ASSEMBLY (iii) How many constituencies are there in Telangana? (iv) What is the coalition government? (v) What is the minimum age to have right to vote? (vi) What is a bill? (vii) What are the constituencies? (viii) Which is a permanent house of State legislature? (ix) What do you mean by Independent candidates? CHAPTER 16. MAKING OF LAWS IN THE STATE ASSEMBLY 8

CHAPTER 16-MAKING OF LAWS IN THE STATE ASSEMBLY (x) What is the tenure of legislative council members? 4. Fill in the blanks. (xi) The constitution of India provides for a legislative body for . (xii) Constituencies depend upon state . (xiii) The legislature consisting of house is called unicameral. (xiv) To contest elections, a person must be a citizen of . (xv) The upper house is called as council. (xvi) has given voter identity cards to the voters. (xvii) The normal tenure of the legislative assembly of every state is for years. (xviii) There are constituencies in Telangana. (xix) The interval between any two sessions should not be more than months. (xx) All the MLAs together elect a person as the . Short Answer Type Questions 5. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) What are the qualifications required to get elected as an MLA? CHAPTER 16. MAKING OF LAWS IN THE STATE ASSEMBLY 9

CHAPTER 16-MAKING OF LAWS IN THE STATE ASSEMBLY Long Answer Type Questions 6. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) List the differences between the legislative assembly and the legislative council? AS2-Reading the Text, Understanding and Interpretation Short Answer Type Questions 7. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) Read the text and comment on it. It has been observed that it is very difficult for weaker sections of the population, like the Dalits or Adivasis, to fight and win elections. As such, very few of them get elected to the assemblies. In order to ensure that they are adequately represented in the Assemblies, the Indian Constitution reserves certain constituencies for the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. CHAPTER 16. MAKING OF LAWS IN THE STATE ASSEMBLY 10

CHAPTER 16-MAKING OF LAWS IN THE STATE ASSEMBLY AS3-Information Skills Short Answer Type Questions 8. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) Read the text and answer the following questions: Each of these 119 members is elected from a constituency. Thus there are 119 constituencies in the state. The number of constituencies in a state will depend upon its population. A constituency in Telan- gana has about 1, 70,000 voters. All men and women of 18 years of age or above have right to vote. They have to get their names registered as votes in the area where they live. All voters of one constituency will vote to elect one member for the assembly. i. What is the minimum age for right to vote? ii. On what basis state constituencies are divided? iii. How many voters are there in Telangana state? iv. Write the name of your constituency. v. What are the constituencies? CHAPTER 16. MAKING OF LAWS IN THE STATE ASSEMBLY 11

CHAPTER 16-MAKING OF LAWS IN THE STATE ASSEMBLY AS4-Reflection on Contemporary Issues and Questioning Long Answer Type Questions 9. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) Why the Indian constitution does reserve certain constituencies for the scheduled castes and scheduled tribes? AS5-Mapping Skills Long Answer Type Questions 10. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) Study the given map and answer the following questions: CHAPTER 16. MAKING OF LAWS IN THE STATE ASSEMBLY 12

CHAPTER 16-MAKING OF LAWS IN THE STATE ASSEMBLY i. At present into how many constituencies is Hyderabad divided? ii. Name the district that has the highest numbers of constituencies in Telangana. iii. Name the Northern district of Telangana? iv. Why Nizamabad has least number of constituencies? (ii) Locate the following districts on a given map of Telangana. 13 CHAPTER 16. MAKING OF LAWS IN THE STATE ASSEMBLY

CHAPTER 16-MAKING OF LAWS IN THE STATE ASSEMBLY i. Mahbubnagar ii. Nalgonda iii. Karimnagar iv. Medak v. Hyderabad (iii) Locate the following districts on a given map of Telangana. i. Rangareddy ii. Khammam iii. Nizamabad iv. Adilabad v. Warangal CHAPTER 16. MAKING OF LAWS IN THE STATE ASSEMBLY 14

CHAPTER 16-MAKING OF LAWS IN THE STATE ASSEMBLY AS6-Appreciation and Sensitivity Long Answer Type Questions 11. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) Appreciate the role played by the political parties in the elections. CHAPTER 16. MAKING OF LAWS IN THE STATE ASSEMBLY 15

CHAPTER 16-MAKING OF LAWS IN THE STATE ASSEMBLY Objective Questions AS1-Conceptual Understanding 12. Choose the correct answer. (i) The lower house of Parliament is also known as the (A) Legislative Assembly (B) Rajya Sabha (C) Council (D) Lok Sabha (ii) The legislature consisting of two houses is called (A) Unicameral (B) Bicameral (C) Multilateral (D) Parliament (iii) The state legislature must meet at least (B) Twice a year (A) Once a year (C) Four times in a year (D) Once in a day (iv) A constituency in Telangana has about voters. (A) 2,50,000 (B) 1,70,000 (C) 50,000 (D) 1,00,000 (v) Hyderabad is divided into (B) 18 constituencies (A) 15 constituencies (C) 10 constituencies (D) 13 constituencies (vi) Elections to the state legislative assembly are held once in every (A) 10 years (B) 2 years (C) 5 years (D) 7 years (vii) This is the most important body for making laws in the state. CHAPTER 16. MAKING OF LAWS IN THE STATE ASSEMBLY 16

(A) Legislative Assembly CHAPTER 16-MAKING OF LAWS IN THE STATE ASSEMBLY (B) Legislative Council (C) Vidhan Parishad (D) District Council (viii) The Legislative Assembly is also called (B) Vidhan Sabha (A) Lower House (C) Both (D) None (ix) The majority of MLAs will elect one member among themselves as (A) Governor (B) Chief Minister (C) Speaker (D) President (x) After more than half the members pass a bill in the Vidhan Sabha it (A) Goes to the Vidhan Parishad (B) Is signed by the Governor (C) Is called an Act (D) Is discussed by a small committee CHAPTER 16. MAKING OF LAWS IN THE STATE ASSEMBLY 17

17. IMPLEMENTATION OF LAWS IN THE DISTRICT SESSION 1 IMPLEMENTATION OF LAWS IN THE DISTRICT – DISTRICT ADMINISTRATION AND THE ROLE OF COLLECTOR 1.1 Mind Map 1.2 Terminology 1. Government department : Different sections of the governments which enable governance. 2. Records : A file constituting all pieces of evidence about the past, especially an account kept in writing or some other permanent form like entering the data in computer. SESSION 1. DISTRICT ADMINISTRATION AND THE ROLE OF COLLECTOR 18

CHAPTER 17-IMPLEMENTATION OF LAWS IN THE DISTRICT 1.3 Improve Your Learning Conceptual Understanding Q1. Make a list of activities done by the district collector. [Refer to TB page 163 Q1] A. 1) He is the Chief Revenue Officer in the district concerned. 2) He acts as the District Magistrate. 3) He is the Chief coordinator among different departments in the district. 4) He is the District Chief Election Officer. 5) He is the Chief Census Officer in the district. 6) He is the permanent invitee to local body meetings. Q2. Correct the following statements. [Refer to TB page 163 Q2] a) Law is implemented by the elected representatives. b) Collector is in charge of a Mandal. c) People approach Mandal officer to solve the problems of the entire district. d) Tahasildar (MRO) keeps the records of land revenue. A. a) Law is implemented by the Government officials. b) The collector is in charge of a district. c) People approach District Collector to solve the problems of the entire district. d) District Collector keeps the record of land revenue. Q3. Compare the roles of people who make laws with those who implement them in the following aspects: [Refer to TB page 163 Q4] a) has to contest elections; b) are part of different departments of government; c) responsible for making laws; d) responsible for implementing laws; e) usually elected for 5 years; f) are appointed into jobs; Member of Legislative Assembly Persons in Administration SESSION 1. DISTRICT ADMINISTRATION AND THE ROLE OF COLLECTOR 19

CHAPTER 17-IMPLEMENTATION OF LAWS IN THE DISTRICT A. Law Implementers Law Makers 1) Are part of different departments of 1) Has to contest elections. government. 2) Responsible for making laws. 2) Responsible for implementing laws. 3) Usually elected for 5 years. 3) Are appointed into jobs Reading the Text, Understanding and Interpretation Q1. Why do you think land records are kept at village and mandal levels ? What are the important functions of these persons? [Refer to TB page 163 Q3] A. 1) It is the responsibility of the Village Revenue Officer and Mandal Revenue Officer to keep track of these records of land. 2) If there is any dispute between boundaries of land owned by two individuals, the above persons , V.R.O. & M.R.O. settle the disputes with the help of land records. 3) With the help of land records they update and issue ration cards. 4) Since the district is a vast area, the records of lands of all the district can not be kept at district level. For ages, as a tradition these land records are kept by village revenue officials such as Munusibs and Karanams. So the records of land are kept at the mandal and villages. Information Skills Q1. Here is another brief description of Manisha Nagle. Read this carefully and compare with the text given under the heading “Mansabdar’s and Jagirdars” in chapter 16 and “Captains of the troops” – The “Amara Nayakas” in Chapter 15 and fill the following table. Manisha Nagle has been the Collector of Nallavaram for last 5 months. Before being appointed as a Collector, she worked as Deputy Secretary in the Ministry of Public Health Department, in the state capital. It is possible that she may be transferred as a Collector of another district or taken back to the State Secretariat. She is an employee of the Indian Government. Often some of them also have to go to Delhi and work for the central government etc. All the officers like Manisha Nagle are selected through an examination conducted by the government. [Refer to TB page 163 Q5] Items Government Amara Nayakas Mansabdars Process of Selection employees Paid through SESSION 1. DISTRICT ADMINISTRATION AND THE ROLE OF COLLECTOR 20

CHAPTER 17-IMPLEMENTATION OF LAWS IN THE DISTRICT A. Government Amara Nayakas Mansabdars Items employees Process of selection Through an Appointed by the king. Recruited by Mughal examination rulers conducted by the government Paid through Banks or treasuries Land assignments Revenue assignments 1.4 Key Concepts 1. There are 31 districts in Telangana 2. Each district has a District Magistrate to co-ordinate the work of all departments in the District. 3. The District is divided into Mandals. 4. Many villages together form a Mandal. 5. Mandal Revenue Officer is the Administrative head of the Mandal. 6. Village Revenue Officer is the Administrative head of a village. 7. Keeping the land records is the main activity of M.R.O. and V.R.O. 8. To implement the laws it is necessary that different departments of the Government work together. 9. All the departments in the District work under the control of the District Collector. 10 D˙ istrict Collector is the representative of State Government at the District Level. 11. To protect the natural resources the WALTA/ACT came into force in 2002. 12. The elected representatives and the government officers play key roles in a democracy. SESSION 1. DISTRICT ADMINISTRATION AND THE ROLE OF COLLECTOR 21

CHAPTER 17-IMPLEMENTATION OF LAWS IN THE DISTRICT —— CCE Based Practice Questions —— AS1-Conceptual Understanding Very Short Answer Type Questions 1. Match the following. Column A Column B i. Ground Water Department a. Permission for construction of new building ii. Urban Development Department b. Issue ration cards iii. Mines and Geology Department c. Registration of Rigs iv. Forest Department d. Monitoring sand mining in water bodies v. Mee Seva e. Granting permission for felling trees 2. Answer the following questions in one sentence. (i) How many districts are there in Telangana? (ii) Who gives the permission for felling trees? (iii) Name the different offices at the Mandal? CHAPTER 17. IMPLEMENTATION OF LAWS IN THE DISTRICT 22

CHAPTER 17-IMPLEMENTATION OF LAWS IN THE DISTRICT (iv) Your father wants to get sand from the river bed. For this whose permission is required? (v) What does WALTA stand for? (vi) Who is responsible for maintaining land records in mandals and villages ? (vii) What are the responsibilities of the Groundwater department? (viii) What is necessary to implement the laws? (ix) Write the subject that comes under Mines and Geology Department. (x) Who plays the key role in democracy? CHAPTER 17. IMPLEMENTATION OF LAWS IN THE DISTRICT 23

CHAPTER 17-IMPLEMENTATION OF LAWS IN THE DISTRICT 3. Fill in the blanks. (xi) Forest department is in charge to ensure that the factories are not . (xii) Many villages together form a . (xiii) Cutting trees without permission is . (xiv) District collector is the representative of state government at the . (xv) Industrial units should have waste water plants. (xvi) Keeping the land record is the main activity of Village Revenue Officer and . (xvii) There are districts in Telangana. (xviii) Mandal revenue officer is the administrative head of the . (xix) Each district has a and a Magistrate. Short Answer Type Questions 4. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) What are the functions of the government? Long Answer Type Questions 24 CHAPTER 17. IMPLEMENTATION OF LAWS IN THE DISTRICT

CHAPTER 17-IMPLEMENTATION OF LAWS IN THE DISTRICT 5. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) What are the main features of Andhra Pradesh Water, Land and Trees Protection Act, 2002? (ii) How are the maps helpful in Mandal office? CHAPTER 17. IMPLEMENTATION OF LAWS IN THE DISTRICT 25

CHAPTER 17-IMPLEMENTATION OF LAWS IN THE DISTRICT AS2-Reading the Text, Understanding and Interpretation Short Answer Type Questions 6. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) In a democracy elected representatives work to eradicate the social evils and lead the country on the path of progress. Comment on it. AS3-Information Skills Short Answer Type Questions 7. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) Study the given information and answer the following questions. Department Subject Groundwater Department Registration of rigs, sand mining, classification of ground water basins, etc. Municipal Administration & Urban Development Construction of rain–water harvesting structures, tree Department planting, permission for construction of new buildings. Mines and Geology Department Monitoring sand mining in water bodies. Forest Department Granting permission for felling trees. i. Which departments are responsible to implement the Andhra Pradesh, Land and Trees protection act 2002? ii. Mention the functions of Municipal Administration and Urban development department? iii. What is the function of mines and Geology department? CHAPTER 17. IMPLEMENTATION OF LAWS IN THE DISTRICT 26

CHAPTER 17-IMPLEMENTATION OF LAWS IN THE DISTRICT iv. Name the department who grants the permission for felling trees? v. Why do we need to have various departments? AS4-Reflection on Contemporary Issues and Questioning Long Answer Type Questions 8. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) Why it is necessary for the government to keep land records? CHAPTER 17. IMPLEMENTATION OF LAWS IN THE DISTRICT 27

CHAPTER 17-IMPLEMENTATION OF LAWS IN THE DISTRICT AS6-Appreciation and Sensitivity Short Answer Type Questions 9. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) Explain how “Mee Seva” is helpful to village Revenue Officer and Mandal Revenue Officer. Objective Questions AS1-Conceptual Understanding 10. Choose the correct answer. (i) When one tree is cut, the number of saplings which should be planted are (A) Three (B) Four (C) Two (D) Five (ii) Sand quarrying from river beds is (B) Allowed (A) Prohibited (C) Mandatory (D) Optional (iii) A Tahsildar is also called (B) MRO (A) Governor (C) MLA (D) MBA (iv) WALTA came into existence in the year (B) 2012 (A) 2002 (C) 2015 (D) 2010 CHAPTER 17. IMPLEMENTATION OF LAWS IN THE DISTRICT 28

CHAPTER 17-IMPLEMENTATION OF LAWS IN THE DISTRICT (v) In Telangana borewells are dug up to (B) 2000 feet (A) 5000 feet (C) 1500 feet or more (D) 10000 feet (vi) The district is divided into (B) Cities (A) Villages (C) Mandals (D) Towns (vii) A Village Revenue Officer is an (B) Political head (A) Administrative head (C) Religious head (D) Regional head (viii) Which is the capital of Telangana? (B) Warangal (A) Hyderabad (C) Karimnagar (D) Adilabad (ix) The state is divided into (B) Districts (A) Villages (C) Mandals (D) Cities (x) Whose permission is needed to dig new wells in a village? (A) Governor (B) Mandal Revenue Officer (C) Chief Minister (D) Prime Minister CHAPTER 17. IMPLEMENTATION OF LAWS IN THE DISTRICT 29

18. CASTE DISCRIMINATION AND THE STRUGGLE FOR EQUALITIES 30

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

19. LIVELIHOOD AND STRUGGLES OF URBAN WORKERS 42

43

44

45

46

47

48