242510189-ASCEND-STUDENT-TEXTBOOK-EVS_I-G03-PART1_1

Ascend EVS G3 TB Part 1_NS.pdf 1 8/3/2023 1:26:59 PM 3Grade ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES-I TEXTBOOK Part - 1 Name: _________________________________________ Section: ________________ Roll No.: ______________ School: ________________________________________

TEXTBOOK FEATURES Art-Integrated Learning I Explore Lesson plans provided for art-integrated learning 8 Encourages students to extend the concept learned to advanced application scenarios Inside the Lab During the winter season, some trees shed all their Hands-on activities that involve creating, designing leaves. Leaves of some and implementing something innovative and trees also change their useful related to the concepts colour. Do you know why they do so? Try to find out. Think Like a Scientist Activity and project-based learning for deeper exploration and critical engagement with the concepts learned Student Reflection Some leaves are used as spices in cooking. Captures student's perception of their Example: bay leaves, bay leaves coriander understanding of a lesson I Apply Be Amazed Focuses on the application Fascinating facts 6of the concepts and connects and trivia the concepts to real-life scenarios related to the 7 concept Fog is a cloud that appears very close to the ground. I Will Learn About 1 When we breathe in, we take in air. Where does this Indicates the learning air go? outcomes to be covered in the lesson It goes inside our body. Let us find out what is inside our body. forms of water the water cycle I Think changing water forms around us getting salt from seawater Introduces the concept and arouses curiosity about it SKILL-BASED among students 2 Nameslip_PPS_V1_G3_EVS-I_TB 1.indd 2 7/11/2023 1:52:16 PM

Social Studies Fun 10A Note to Parent Monkeys and humans have a Ideas to engage parents in similar skeletal system. out-of-classroom learning of their child to reinforce the concepts 9 Connect the Dots Encourage your children to help elders at home with A multidisciplinary section to small but important jobs. connect the lesson theme with other subjects 1) Name one gas present in the air. It protects the organs inside 2) Give an example of a plant our body. For example, the rib cage protects the lungs and that has a thorny stem. . the heart, while the skull protects the brain. 5 Train My Brain Checks for understanding to gauge I Understand the level of comprehension among students on an on-going basis Explains the sub-concepts Some of the activities that you 4that form the basis of the may enjoy doing are shown concept in detail below. Guess what they are. 3 I Remember INQUIRY-BASED Introduces new concepts by building on the prerequisite Concepts organised using a question-answer knowledge or skills required approach to foster a mindset of inquiry and to understand the concept reasoning Reflection Time! Thought-provoking questions to encourage reflection on the concept and on how it is related to the student's life, experiences and the world around Nameslip_PPS_V1_G3_EVS-I_TB 1.indd 3 7/11/2023 1:52:16 PM

CONTENTS 1) My Hobbies Skill-Based 01 Inquiry-Based 07 Art-Integrated Learning 2) Family as First School Art-Integrated Learning Theme Myself and My Family 3) Organ Systems Skill-Based 09 4) Skeletal System Skill-Based 13 Theme My Body 5) Way Around Our Neighbourhood Art-Integrated Learning Skill-Based 18 23 6) Forms of Water Skill-Based Art-Integrated Learning Theme Surroundings and Water Visa_G3_EVS_Book_TB_Part1_Print.indb 4 7/10/2023 11:34:56 AM

Inside the Lab – A 28 Activity A1: Salt from Seawater Activity A2: Create Your Compass 7) Sources of Light Inquiry-Based 30 Think Like a Scientist Theme Student Reflection Light 32 34 Visa_G3_EVS_Book_TB_Part1_Print.indb 5 7/10/2023 11:35:01 AM

CLASSKLAP AND NCF Education plays a crucial role in shaping the future of our children and 251 empowering them to become well-rounded individuals. The latest National 4 3 Curriculum Framework (NCF), furthering the vision of the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, focuses on fostering creativity, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills while also nurturing values of inclusivity, collaboration and democratic citizenship. The development of foundational literacy and numeracy is also a core goal of the NCF. ClassKlap by Eupheus partners with schools, supporting them through the steps of planning, teaching, learning, personal revision and assessment to equip students with the desired knowledge and skills relevant to the 21st century. The present series is a learning resource that not only meets the requirements of the NCF but also engages and captivates young minds. Here are some salient features of this series. NCF-aligned learning tool Description Skill-based lessons in textbook and workbook Lessons are structured as per Bloom’s Revised Taxonomy (Remember-Understand-Apply-Analyse-Evaluate-Create) and LSRW Inquiry-based lessons (Listening-Speaking-Reading-Writing) skills for English. in textbook and workbook Lessons are structured based on a Socratic approach using a question-answer format, aiming at discovery-based learning as per Highlight features NCF guidelines. Exploratory activities in the workbook facilitate holistic learning of the skills and concepts and foster a sense of curiosity and Practice Worksheets exploration among students. Features such as Poetry Appreciation, Maths Lab, Think Like a Scientist, Life Skills and others help learners engage in research, application-oriented learning and the development of scientific temper; Student Reflection sheets foster the skill of reflecting on one’s own learning progress. Practice Worksheets are aligned with the goals of sharpening critical thinking, evidence-based thinking and higher-order thinking skills, as per NCF guidelines. The books contain the following overarching features recommended in the NCF: a logical and spiralling progression of frameworks adopted for Grammar, Maths and EVS inclusive representation of gender and diversity for the heterogeneous Indian classroom learner-centred content, vibrant illustrations, diagrams and photographs along with age-appropriate language a variety of question types with scaffolded and independent practice to meet the needs of different students We are confident that this series will serve as a valuable tool to accomplish the aims of the NCF and help transform teaching-learning in classrooms. We sincerely hope that our young learners develop genuine curiosity and love for learning. Nameslip_PPS_V1_G1_EVS-I_TB.indd 6 7/22/2023 12:49:10 AM

1 My Hobbies I Will Learn hobbies and their types About how hobbies are useful to us choosing a hobby as a job my parents’ hobbies I Think Sam likes to watch movies in his free time. His sister likes photography. They enjoy doing these activities. What are such activities, that you enjoy doing, called? I Remember You go to school every day to learn new things. You play with your friends at school. What do you do after school? At home, you do homework, watch TV, play and help your parents. How do you spend your free time on Sundays and holidays? Visa_G3_EVS_Book_TB_Part1_Print.indb 1 1 7/10/2023 11:35:08 AM

different types of activities Some of the activities that you may enjoy doing are shown below. Guess what they are. 2 My Hobbies Visa_G3_EVS_Book_TB_Part1_Print.indb 2 7/10/2023 11:35:14 AM

They are called hobbies. Hobbies are the activities that we do for relaxation when we have free time. There are different types of hobbies. They are shown in the chart given below: Types of hobbies sports outdoor arts collection making and games recreation painting coins scrapbook stamps making football birdwatching singing stargazing reading and leaves knitting badminton feathers pottery writing cooking cricket gardening dancing video games travelling photography yoga trekking The activities that people enjoy doing running mountaineering during their free time are called hobbies. swimming adventure sports I Understand HOW ARE HOBBIES HELPFUL TO US? People take up hobbies to be happy. But there are other benefits of hobbies too. Some of the benefits are as follows: 1) They keep us healthy: Hobbies like exercising, sports and games keep us healthy. 2) They help us to be creative: Hobbies like painting, writing and cooking help us to create something new. 3) They help us to make useful things: Hobbies like knitting and pottery help us to make useful things. 4) They help us to learn new things: Hobbies like reading books help us to learn new things. A collection of stamps and coins helps us learn about different countries. 5) They teach us to work in groups: All hobbies which involve group activities teach us to work in groups. For example, games like football, hockey and so on. Group dancing also helps us learn to work in groups. My Hobbies 3 Visa_G3_EVS_Book_TB_Part1_Print.indb 3 7/10/2023 11:35:15 AM

Train My Brain 1) What type of hobby is pottery? 2) What type of hobby is mountaineering? I Apply You have learnt about the benefits of hobbies. Do all your friends have the same hobbies? One of your friends may like to play video games. Another friend may like to play badminton. Do you and your siblings playing video game playing badminton like the same games or activities? Some of your choices may be the same and some may be different. What could be the reason? People choose a hobby that they find interesting. Different people have different likes and dislikes. Therefore, different people have different hobbies. If we practise a hobby for a long time, we become good at it. Then, we can carry forward that hobby as a job. For many people, their hobbies become their jobs when they grow up. For example, V. V. S. Laxman, the Indian cricketer, was good at studies. However, he became a great batsman as playing cricket was his hobby. V. V. S. Laxman J. K. Rowling The famous author of the Harry Potter series — J. K. Rowling — wrote stories as a hobby. Her hobby has become her job. 4 My Hobbies Visa_G3_EVS_Book_TB_Part1_Print.indb 4 7/10/2023 11:35:16 AM

Discuss your hobbies with your friends. Make a list of one another’s hobbies. Write what your friends want to become when they grow up. Your friends’ hobbies What your friends want to become Be Amazed Philately is the hobby of collecting stamps. It is called the king of all hobbies as it is one of the most popular hobbies in the world! I Explore Everyone has hobbies. What hobbies do your parents have? Did they have hobbies similar to yours when they were of your age? What could be the reason behind this? Find out. Connect the Dots English Fun Find the names of hobbies hidden in these jumbled letters. 1) rwadngi: ___________________________ 2) sngigni: ___________________________ 3) ottpery: ___________________________ 4) goya: ___________________________ My Hobbies 5 Visa_G3_EVS_Book_TB_Part1_Print.indb 5 7/10/2023 11:35:17 AM

Social Studies Fun Some people collect coins and stamps to learn about different places or people. What is the hobby of collecting coins called? coins A Note to Parent Discuss your child’s hobbies with him or her. Tell him or her the importance of having a hobby. 6 My Hobbies Visa_G3_EVS_Book_TB_Part1_Print.indb 6 7/10/2023 11:35:18 AM

2 Family as First School We all live with our families. They are the ones we spend the most time with. Each family is different but we all learn many things from our families. What do we learn from our families? We learn all kinds of things from our families. But mainly, we learn habits and values from our families. That is why we can call our families our first school! What are habits and values? Habits are activities we do daily. For example, waking up early, brushing twice a day, exercising, etc. waking up brushing exercising What are some of the habits we learn from our family? • the type of food we eat • the way we eat • our table manners • at what time we go to bed and wake up learning table manners • how loudly or softly we laugh or talk from parents Values are good thoughts and actions. They help us decide what is right or wrong. For example, respecting elders, looking after those who are younger, being polite, respecting and so on. taking care of elders younger ones Visa_G3_EVS_Book_TB_Part1_Print.indb 7 7 7/10/2023 11:35:43 AM

What values do we learn from our families? We learn all kinds of values from our families. Here are some examples. Being kind and helpful: What happens when you are sick? Your family takes care of you and helps you get better. Family teaches you to help and take care of others. Respecting others: Your parents talk to their elders with respect. They listen to what the elders have to say. You learn to be respectful to your elders. Being disciplined: Your parents get up on time and do the household chores. They help you get ready for school. Then, they go to work. They have taught you to wake up early and not be late for school. Do all families have the same habits and values? No, habits and values within each family are different. In some families, the family members: • touch the feet of elders praying before • keep their footwear outside the house a meal • eat meals and celebrate festivals together • pray before meals, and so on Do your family members follow any of these practices? Tick the ones that they do. Have you ever thought about what you have learnt from your family? Think of any three habits or values and share with your partner. Reflection Time! 1) Do you think that all the things we learn from others can be good for us? 2) Do your parents or teachers say that you have learnt some bad habits? How can we make sure that we learn only good things from others? 3) What is the best habit that you have learnt from your family? Family as First School 8 Visa_G3_EVS_Book_TB_Part1_Print.indb 8 7/10/2023 11:35:46 AM

3 Organ Systems I Will Learn organs inside the body About d ifferent organ systems and their parts the effect of daily activities on organ systems the position of different organs inside the body I Think When we breathe in, we take in air. Where does this air go? It goes inside our body. Let us find out what is inside our body. I Remember We have many special body parts. The parts of the body that help us to do special and important work are called organs. We can see some organs from outside the body. However, there are some organs that are inside the body. We cannot see them. food pipe ORGANS INSIDE OUR BODY Food pipe: It is a tube which goes from the mouth stomach through the throat to the stomach. Stomach: It is a sack-like organ. When we eat food, it food pipe and stomach goes into the stomach through the food pipe. 9 Visa_G3_EVS_Book_TB_Part1_Print.indb 9 7/10/2023 11:35:56 AM

Windpipe: It is a tube that connects the throat windpipe to the lungs. It is also called the trachea. Lungs: There is a pair of lungs in the chest. H eart: It is located a little to the left of the lung middle of our chest. It is about the size of our fist. lungs heart Kidneys: We have a pair of kidneys. They are bean-shaped. Brain: It is present inside the head. Some organs inside our body form a group to kidneys brain do specific tasks. Such a group of organs is called an organ system. There are many such The groups of organs organ systems. inside the body that do specific tasks are Examples of some organ systems are the digestive called organ systems. system, circulatory system, skeletal system, muscular system and so on. I Understand SOME IMPORTANT ORGAN SYSTEMS Our body has many organs and organ systems. They work mouth together to carry out different tasks. food pipe stomach The digestive system helps to take in food through our mouth intestines and food pipe. In our stomach, the food is broken down to digestive system make it easy to digest (just like a mixer-grinder). The digestive heart system consists of the mouth, food pipe, stomach and intestines. blood The respiratory system helps in breathing. vessels The organs of this system are the nose, windpipe and lungs. The circulatory system sends blood to all parts of the body. The heart is the most important organ of this system. It pumps blood to all the parts of the body just like a water pump. Blood flows in our body through blood vessels (thin tubes like water pipes). circulatory system 10 Organ Systems Visa_G3_EVS-I_L03_TB_V2.indd 10 7/21/2023 11:54:05 AM

Our brain, nerves and spinal cord together make our nervous system. It is the control centre for our entire body. Our brain uses the information it receives from our nerves to control all activities of our body. It helps us to think and learn. Train My Brain 1) What is the shape of the kidneys? 2) Where does the food go after you put it in your mouth? I Apply Now, you know about the different organ systems and how they work. Can we control all these organs? We cannot directly control the organs inside our body. The brain works even when you are sleeping. You breathe continuously when you are running, eating or sleeping. Is the breathing faster or slower when you are doing these activities? The heart beats continuously. Does the heart rate always remain the same or does it change? Be Amazed A child’s heart beats faster than an adult’s. Your heartbeat changes depending on the type of music you are listening to. I Explore cutout of the body and organs Draw an outline of the human body on a cardboard and cut it out. Then, draw the different organs present inside our body on a piece of paper. Colour them. Cut out the organ shapes. Can you place these organ shapes correctly on the cutout of the body? To do this activity, you will need: a piece of cardboard, a piece of paper, pencil, crayons, a pair of scissors, gum Organ Systems 11 Visa_G3_EVS_Book_TB_Part1_Print.indb 11 7/10/2023 11:36:03 AM

Connect the Dots English Fun You know that the word ‘organ’ means a body part having a specific job. What is the other meaning of this word? Maths Fun Suppose your heart beats 90 times a minute. How many times will it beat in 10 minutes? A Note to Parent Discuss with your child the importance of eating healthy food. Explain to him or her how it helps the organs work properly. For example, research shows that eating food items like walnuts, egg yolks and dark chocolates can make our brain healthy. These food items help us to increase our memory power. Help your child to find out about food items that keep our other organs, like the stomach, heart and kidney, healthy. walnuts egg yolk dark chocolate 12 Organ Systems Visa_G3_EVS_Book_TB_Part1_Print.indb 12 7/10/2023 11:36:05 AM

4 Skeletal System I Will Learn the skeletal system About the functions of the skeletal system keeping our bones healthy the skeletal system in animals I Think Asif fell while cycling. He hurt his leg. His mother took him to the doctor. The doctor asked them to get an x-ray picture of the leg. Do you know what an x-ray picture tells us? an x-ray picture of the leg I Remember Hold your wrist tightly. Do you feel something hard inside it? It is a bone. Our body has many bones. At birth, we have around 300 bones. As we grow, some bones fuse and join together. Adults have 206 bones. Joints are places where two bones meet. Example: knee, elbow All the bones in our body together form the skeletal system. Visa_G3_EVS_Book_TB_Part1_Print.indb 13 13 7/10/2023 11:36:06 AM

IMPORTANT PARTS OF THE SKELETAL SYSTEM skull rib cage Skull: Bones in the head form the skull. backbone Ribs: Bones around the chest form the ribs. The ribs human skeletal system join in the front and back to form the rib cage. Backbone: Many small bones (vertebrae) join to form a rod-like structure called the backbone. It connects the neck The skeletal system is made to the lower back up of bones. of our body. It is The three important parts of also called the the skeletal system are the vertebral column. skull, the rib cage and the backbone. I Understand FUNCTIONS OF THE SKELETAL SYSTEM 1) The skeletal system gives shape and support to our body. For example, bones in the skull give shape to our head and face while the backbone helps us to stay erect. Imagine how your body will be without a backbone! Bones store minerals inside them. These minerals make them strong enough to support our body. 2) The skeletal system protects the organs inside our body. For example, the rib cage protects the lungs and the heart, while the skull protects the brain. skull rib cage brain lung heart skull rib cage 14 Skeletal System Visa_G3_EVS_Book_TB_Part1_Print.indb 14 7/10/2023 11:36:09 AM

3) The skeletal system helps us to move. Joints help our body to twist and turn. For example, leg joints help us to walk and run. Train My Brain 1) Which part of the skeletal system protects the brain? 2) Which part of the skeletal system protects the heart and lungs? I Apply HOW CAN WE KEEP OUR BONES STRONG AND HEALTHY? Healthy food: Vitamins and minerals like calcium make our bones strong. So, we must eat food items which contain these nutrients. Leafy vegetables, pulses and milk products are rich in calcium and vitamins. leafy vegetables pulses milk products Good posture: We should always sit straight in an upright posture to keep our bones strong. Exercise and play: Playing and exercising regularly keep our bones strong and healthy. WHAT IS A FRACTURE? good and bad postures Sometimes, bones may get hurt because of accidents or a bad fall on the playground. In such cases, the bones may crack or break. This crack or break is called a fracture. How can we know if there is a fracture in our bone? For this, an x-ray picture is taken. It helps the doctor to see the fracture in the bones. The doctor will then put a plaster around the affected area. fracture The plaster keeps the bone in the correct position and helps in healing. Skeletal System 15 Visa_G3_EVS_Book_TB_Part1_Print.indb 15 7/10/2023 11:36:14 AM

plaster plaster helps to heal the fracture Be Amazed The smallest bone in our body is found in our ear. This bone is called the stapes. The longest bone in our body is the thigh bone or femur. femur I Explore shell tortoise You have learnt that humans have a skeletal system inside their body. Some animals have an exposed skeletal system. earthworm Have you seen a tortoise? It has a hard cover or shell on its body. The shell of a tortoise is an example of an exposed skeletal system. Make a list of animals having such shells. You must have seen many creepy-crawlies, like earthworms, around your house. Do they have skeletal systems? Connect the Dots Maths Fun An adult human has 27 bones in one hand and 30 bones in one leg. What is the total number of bones in one hand and leg? 16 Skeletal System Visa_G3_EVS_Book_TB_Part1_Print.indb 16 7/10/2023 11:36:18 AM

Social Studies Fun Did you know that monkeys and humans have a similar skeletal system? A Note to Parent Talk to your child about the food that keeps bones healthy. Encourage them to have more calcium-rich food items like: • milk, curd, cheese and other milk products • green vegetables such as broccoli and cabbage • soya beans and soya drinks • nuts • bread • fish such as sardines Skeletal System 17 Visa_G3_EVS_Book_TB_Part1_Print.indb 17 7/10/2023 11:36:19 AM

5 Way Around Our Neighbourhood I Will Learn directions and sub-directions About identifying directions mapping our neighbourhood the use of a compass I Think Can you help the puppy to find its way home? To reach its house, the dog needs to know where to take the correct turns. Similarly, we also need to know our way to visit places in our neighbourhood or inside our school. How do we find our way? I Remember What do we need to know to go to any place? We should know the address and where it is located. When we tell someone how to go to a place, we give them directions. While giving directions, we use words like left, right, straight and so on. We use these words in relation to a landmark. 18 Visa_G3_EVS_Book_TB_Part1_Print.indb 18 7/10/2023 11:36:21 AM

A A landmark is a well-known place in an area that can turn left turn right go straight go past cross be easily seen. It can be ahead identified from a distance. DIRECTIONS AND SUB-DIRECTIONS N We also give directions using the four main directions – north (N), W E east (E), west (W) and south (S). There are also four sub-directions that lie between these main directions. They are north-east, north-west, south-east and south-west. S north north- north- west east west east south- south- west east south directions and sub-directions I Understand finding directions How do you know which is the north and which is the east? Let us do an activity to find directions. Stand facing the Sun when it rises. That direction is the east. Open your arms as shown in the picture. The direction behind you is the west. Your right- hand points to the south. Your left-hand points to the north. Way Around Our Neighbourhood 19 Visa_G3_EVS_Book_TB_Part1_Print.indb 19 7/10/2023 11:36:22 AM

These directions and sub-directions help us to know places in our neighbourhood. They also help us to read maps of our city, district, state and so on. Train My Brain 1) Which sub-direction lies between the east and south? 2) In which direction does the Sun rise? I Apply To read a map, you need to know the directions that you have learnt. A map is given below. It shows a house. Riya lives in this house. Her house is east-facing. She wants to go to the post office to post a letter to her friend. Let us help Riya. West South North East map Since Riya’s house is east-facing, she faces east when she steps out. The directions are as follows: • Step out of the house and go to the road on your left. • Turn west. • Walk westward on the road. • Turn left towards south and go to the end of the road. • The post office is at the corner of the road. Is there any other way to reach the post office? Discuss with your friends. 20 Way Around Our Neighbourhood Visa_G3_EVS_Book_TB_Part1_Print.indb 20 7/10/2023 11:36:23 AM

Be Amazed An interesting way of remembering directions is: Never Eat Slimy Worms N = North, E = East, S = South, W = West I Explore compass One more way of finding directions is to use a compass. It is a device used to find directions on the surface of the Earth. A compass has a needle which always points towards the north-south direction. It is mainly used in ships to understand the direction. Connect the Dots Social Studies Fun Uttar A map of western India is shown here. Find out: Pradesh a) state to the north of Gujarat b) state to the south of Madhya Pradesh Rajasthan Gujarat Madhya Pradesh N WE Maharashtra S English Fun Prepositions of place A AB A ABC at the between corner of next to B opposite Way Around Our Neighbourhood 21 Visa_G3_EVS_Book_TB_Part1_Print.indb 21 7/10/2023 11:36:44 AM

A Note to Parent Play a game of ‘Treasure Hunt’ with your child. Hide a gift in your house. Draw a map leading to the gift. Ask your child to find the gift using the map. Hint: A bunny is fast not I know this is fun like a SNAIL. When you and you think it’s NEAT. get a letter they come Look in a place where in the MAIL. you sit to EAT. Follow the clues Your very last clue... to a gift for YOU. Try not to PEEP. The first one is easy. Are you feeling tired? It’s in your SHOE. It’s time to SLEEP. START END a treasure hunt map 22 Way Around Our Neighbourhood Visa_G3_EVS_Book_TB_Part1_Print.indb 22 7/10/2023 11:36:46 AM

6 Forms of Water I Will Learn forms of water About the water cycle changing water forms around us getting salt from seawater While going to school, Aslam saw a puddle on the road. I Think But while coming back from school, he saw that it had dried up. How did the water disappear? puddle I Remember We hang clothes out in the Sun to dry. Why do the wet clothes dry after some time? Heat from sunlight changes the water in the clothes to clothes hung in the Sun water vapour. The water vapour moves out of the clothes and the clothes dry. We can also see water change into vapour when we boil water. When cooled, water vapour changes into water. water vapour Visa_G3_EVS_Book_TB_Part1_Print.indb 23 23 7/10/2023 11:36:49 AM

Water has three states: solid, liquid and gas. cVtehewiWmnarhysapnietcdgeeneorerallhasedtfaifutnsrcroetetooeuhnztirnwsedeisreadi,itdeiitdoteeitncfrhfthsedeharceurneheengffatreretisnfogoegierntzermhetaoertwso:iitscarie,ecvtmceeeah,rsrpwayttneohalgorteaeiewcrtst,eeu.iman.rInceWtpodebee,wwrewafaaitinnthtueegderrrenhdviciianulgeepeshfiotidtenuooersr.ihu.tdhWitegseihdhrfeereerenfrettihegzwmeeeerrprkaieseetrfevorapiegrtrsuweyrarealaso.tettworh.erI,ce, Change caused Ice Change caused by decrease in by increase in temperature temperature Ice Liquid water Liquid water Let us now learn about the three forms of 5w7ater. What are the differences between water, water vapour and ice? 31-Dec-21 4:37:28 PM Science Book 3.indb 57 Ice has a fixed shape. It does not flow. Water flows and does not have a shape of its own. Water exists in three different It takes the shape of the vessel it is kept in. Water forms. always flows downwards in nature. Water and its forms have no colour, smell and taste. Water vapour has no shape. It always moves Water flows downwards. upwards and mixes with the air around. Steam moves upwards. Ice has a fixed shape. All three forms of water have no colour, smell and taste. I Understand We get water from rain. The rainwater gets collected in water bodies like rivers, ponds, lakes and so on. Some of the water that goes into the soil is stored underground. During daytime, heat from the Sun changes the water in water bodies into vapour form. The water vapour thus formed goes upwards and cools down. It forms small water droplets here. These water droplets combine with other things to form clouds in the sky. Inside the clouds, the water droplets combine to form big drops. When the water drops in the clouds become heavy, they fall as rain. During winter, in some very cold places, water changes to ice and snow. Thus, water changes its form and always moves from the water bodies to the clouds and back. This movement is called the water cycle. It makes water available to all living things. 24 Forms of Water Visa_G3_EVS_Book_TB_Part1_Print.indb 24 7/10/2023 11:36:50 AM

water cycle Train My Brain 1) Which form of water can move upwards? 2) Which form of water has its own shape? I Apply We have read that clouds give us rain. What do rain clouds look like? Rain clouds are dark in colour. They are heavy and filled with water drops. clouds rain clouds Why is it that all clouds do not come down as rain? Find out. Have you ever been to a seashore? We sweat a lot when we are at a seashore. Do you know the reason for this? Forms of Water seashore Visa_G3_EVS_Book_TB_Part1_Print.indb 25 25 7/10/2023 11:36:52 AM

At seashores, the air is filled with water vapour. So, the water in water droplets on a our sweat does not get changed into vapour easily. glass of cold water Have you seen dew drops on leaves in the morning? Where do they come from? Some water vapour is always present in the air around us. It cools down when it touches any cold surface. This is the reason why we see water droplets on a glass of cold water. We learnt that wet clothes dry due to the heat from the Sun. How do wet clothes dry when we keep them indoors? Be Amazed Fog is a cloud that appears very close to the ground. In monsoon, clothes dry with difficulty. Why is it so? fog I Explore Do you know that common salt is prepared from seawater? Seawater contains a lot of salt. So, it is unfit for drinking. This salt can be separated out. For this, the seawater is collected in open ponds. Due to the heat from the sunlight, the water changes into vapour. The salt which remains in the ponds is collected and purified to be used as common salt. seawater collected in ponds 26 Forms of Water Visa_G3_EVS_Book_TB_Part1_Print.indb 26 7/10/2023 11:36:52 AM

Connect the Dots English Fun Anu is a drop of water. She lives in a pond. Anu was feeling very hot on a summer afternoon. She decided to travel. Can you tell where Anu will go from the pond, on a bright, sunny afternoon? (Hint: Anu is a water droplet. What happens to a water droplet when the weather is hot? It follows the water cycle. Now complete the story of Anu!) Maths Fun An open tank has 750 litres of water in it. Every day, 5 litres of water change into vapour form. How many days will it take for the tank to dry up? A Note to Parent Show your child some examples from daily life involving changes in the forms of water. Forms of Water 27 Visa_G3_EVS_Book_TB_Part1_Print.indb 27 7/10/2023 11:36:53 AM

Inside the Lab - A Make sure you do these activities only with the help of a teacher or an adult. Activity A1: Salt from Seawater In the lesson ‘Forms of Water’, we learnt that water exists in three different forms. Let us see how we get salt from seawater due to the changing forms of water. You will need: sea water collected in ponds salt, some tap water, a saucepan, spoon, stove, tray and a black plastic sheet. You need to: 1) add two cups of water to the pan. Place it on the stove. Let the water boil. 2) add salt to the hot water in the pan. Mix it well with a spoon. Salt dissolves faster in hot water. Continue adding salt until it stops dissolving in the hot water. Eventually, you will reach a point at which the salt won’t dissolve anymore, no matter how hot the water is. When you reach that point, turn the stove off and let the water cool slightly. 3) spread the black plastic sheet inside the tray. 4) pour the water from the pan into the tray. 5) keep the tray out in the Sun for two days. black plastic paper and tray (The location should be chosen wisely to prevent the setup from any external damage.) The water will change into water vapour. This will leave behind crystals of salt in the tray. They are small and shiny. Salt is prepared from seawater in a similar way. Seawater changes into water vapour during summer, leaving behind salt. 28 7/10/2023 11:36:55 AM Visa_G3_EVS_Book_TB_Part1_Print.indb 28

Activity A2: Create Your Compass A magnetic compass is used to detect or find out directions: north, south, east and west. It has a magnetic needle that points to the north. You can easily make your own compass. compass You will need: a bar magnet, needle, cork disc, cup/bowl/glass, a pair of pliers and water. You need to: 1) rub a magnet over the needle about twenty times. Always rub in the same direction. 2) cut off a small portion from one end of the cork, magnet needle about 1 inch thick, making a small cork disc. This 4 step should be done with the help of your teacher. 3) put the cork disc on a flat surface. Carefully, push the needle through the side of the disc as shown in the picture. Use the pair of pliers to push the needle. This step should be done only with the help of your teacher. 4) fill a deep cup, glass or bowl with water till at least half full. 5) place the cork disk on the surface of the water. Try to keep the disc floating in the centre of the water, away from the sides of the cup, glass or bowl. 6) place your compass on a flat surface and watch what happens. What does the needle do? When it stops moving, which direction does it point towards? Inside the Lab - A 29 Visa_G3_EVS_Book_TB_Part1_Print.indb 29 7/10/2023 11:36:56 AM

7 Sources of Light Our eyes help us see the things around us. But why are we unable to see in the dark? This is because our eyes can help us see things only in the presence of light. Where do we get light from? We get light from two types of sources: natural sources and artificial sources or human-made sources. Natural sources Artificial sources These sources include heavenly bodies These sources are made by human like the Sun and the stars. beings. They include electric bulbs, kerosene lamps, oil lamps, candles and so on. the Sun the stars kerosene oil lamp electric candle bulb flint The Sun is the most important natural lamp source of light. In the ancient times, there were no artificial sources of light. Human beings could only hunt and gather food during daytime. Then, humans discovered fire by rubbing flint. This helped them get light even after sunset. They could firewood also guard their caves from dangerous animals with the help of fire. 30 7/10/2023 11:37:03 AM Visa_G3_EVS_Book_TB_Part1_Print.indb 30

Earlier, humans would burn firewood for light. As time went on, artificial light sources they started using oil lamps, candles and lanterns. then and now After the discovery of electricity, humans started using electric lamps as a source of light. Have you seen fireflies? They are insects that give out light firefly jellyfish from their bodies. Some aquatic animals like jellyfish also give out light. Which sources of light should we use? We should try our best to use sunlight, which is the main source of solar panels natural light on Earth. Sunlight is also the cheapest source of light. We can use solar panels to capture sunlight and convert it to electricity. This electricity can be used to light our homes at night. Artificial sources of light like electric bulbs need electricity to give out light. This electricity is limited. So, we should always use light LED and CFL bulbs sources which use less electricity. For example, LED bulbs, tube lights and CFL bulbs. Moreover, we should always switch off the lights when they are not in use. Some artificial sources of light cause harm to the environment. For example, kerosene lamps give out smoke. We should try to avoid the use of such harmful sources. Reflection Time! 1) Nowadays, we see electric bulbs everywhere. What did people use to light up their homes before electricity was discovered? 2) Why do we need to switch off lights when they are not in use? 3) What kind of work can you only do with a good source of light? 4) How is your health affected if you read or do stitching in a dimly lit room? Sources of Light 31 Visa_G3_EVS_Book_TB_Part1_Print.indb 31 7/10/2023 11:37:06 AM

THINK LIKE A SCIENTIST Activity 1 Study the figures A and B on the right. Write one similarity and one difference between the phenomena shown in these two figures. Figure A Figure B Similarity BAKERY GIANT WHEEL Activity 2 SCHOOL 32 Misha is going with her mother for a day out after school. She wants to Visa_G3_EVS_Book_TB_Part1_Print.indb 32 have a sandwich at the bakery, buy some story books at the store and go for a ride on the Giant Wheel. Her mother is at the school waiting in the blue car. Can you trace their journey? Now, write step-by-step directions of their journey from: 1) The school to the bakery 2) The bakery to the bookstore 3) The bookstore to the Giant Wheel 7/10/2023 11:37:11 AM

Activity 3 The diagrams below show five important organ systems. Look at them and label them. Next, make groups with your classmates, such that the class is divided into five groups. Each group can then choose one organ system from the ones shown in the diagrams. Go to the library or use the internet to find out interesting information about the organ system your group has chosen and the organs that it includes. Then, write down the following information about the organ system:  two amazing facts about the system or its organs  two ways in which you can keep this organ system healthy Then, make a presentation creatively using charts or perform a skit before the rest of the class. Think Like a Scientist 33 Visa_G3_EVS_Book_TB_Part1_Print.indb 33 7/10/2023 11:37:13 AM

Student Reflection Come to this page after you complete a lesson. Choose the smiley that shows how well you have understood the lesson. My Hobbies Family as First School Very clear Clear Somewhat clear Not clear at all Very clear Clear Somewhat clear Not clear at all I need help with ..........………………...............……… I need help with ..........………………...............……… ...................................................................................... ...................................................................................... What I liked about this lesson ................................... What I liked about this lesson ................................... …………………………………………............................ …………………………………………............................ Organ Systems Skeletal System Very clear Clear Somewhat clear Not clear at all Very clear Clear Somewhat clear Not clear at all I need help with ..........………………...............……… I need help with ..........………………...............……… ...................................................................................... ...................................................................................... What I liked about this lesson ................................... What I liked about this lesson ................................... …………………………………………............................ …………………………………………............................ Way Around Our Neighbourhood Forms of Water Very clear Clear Somewhat clear Not clear at all Very clear Clear Somewhat clear Not clear at all I need help with ..........………………...............……… I need help with ..........………………...............……… ...................................................................................... ...................................................................................... What I liked about this lesson ................................... What I liked about this lesson ................................... …………………………………………............................ …………………………………………............................ Sources of Light Very clear Clear Somewhat clear Not clear at all I need help with ..........………………...............……… ...................................................................................... What I liked about this lesson ................................... …………………………………………............................ Visa_G3_EVS_Book_TB_Part1_Print.indb 34 34 7/10/2023 11:37:14 AM