51803696_BGM_9789388751148 PASSPORT G04 ENGLISH TEXTBOOK PART 1_Text

I Read We all love stories, don’t we? Just as there are many stories, there are various ways of telling them. You can read a story in a storybook, or you can watch one on television. We hear stories from our friends and watch a story performed in the theatre. Some of these ways of storytelling are very old; they have become what we call traditions. In which category of storytelling do you think puppetry falls? And how old do you think is this tradition? Do you know what a puppet is? Very simply, a puppet is a doll that is brought to life by a storyteller to narrate a story. The person who controls the doll is called the puppeteer or ‘sutradhar’. The doll can ancient be made out of any material, such as wood, cloth, clay and so on. The puppeteer moves the doll using strings, rods and his hands. It is believed that puppetry began in India. From the ancient times, puppets have been used to tell stories across the different regions of India. Let us read more about them and discover the different kinds of puppets. Let us begin with the string puppets. These puppets have strings attached to various parts of their bodies. The puppeteer pulls a string, and the puppet moves a part of its body. These puppets are also called ‘marionettes’. string puppet from Rajasthan string puppet from Karnataka Shadow puppets, on the other hand, are flat and something shadow puppet from Odisha like paper cutouts. They are usually made of leather. The puppets are pressed against a white cloth with light falling on it. This results in the puppet’s shadow falling on the cloth. The audience then watches and listens to the story through these shadows. glove puppet Glove puppets, as the name suggests, fit on the hands like gloves. The from Kerala puppeteer uses his or her fingers to move the puppet. These are also known as ‘hand puppets’ or ‘palm puppets’. Puppet Traditions of India 47 NR_BGM_9789388751148 PASSPORT G04 ENGLISH TEXTBOOK PART 1_Text.pdf 51 12/15/2018 10:43:59 AM

Then, we have rod puppets, which are like glove puppets except that they are bigger and rods are used to control them. Puppets make stories come alive for us. Isn’t it magical to see lifeless figures suddenly dance, jump and talk? These ancient props rod puppet from West have always entertained and brought props Bengal people together. The puppeteers are master artists who have to practise for several days to give a perfect performance. In olden days, puppeteers would travel from village to village, doing puppet shows. They would leave behind stories and memories. They kept culture and rich heritage intact through their puppet shows. Nowadays, puppetry is no longer as popular as it was. The medium intact of telling stories has changed. We can now see stories on TV and read them in magazines, story books and comics. But the charm medium of stories remains the same. Let Us Discuss 1) Describe a puppet in simple words? 2) What do we call a person who controls puppets? 3) What are string puppets also called? 4) What are glove puppets also called? I Understand Meaning Exercise 1: New words 12/15/2018 10:43:59 AM Word traditions ancient props heritage 48 NR_BGM_9789388751148 PASSPORT G04 ENGLISH TEXTBOOK PART 1_Text.pdf 52

Word Meaning intact medium Exercise 2: Literature comprehension 1) What are the different ways in which a story can be told or shown? Ans.  2) What is a puppet made of, and how does it move? Ans.  3) What are shadow puppets? How are they used to tell stories? Ans.  4) What is the difference between rod puppets and glove puppets? Ans.  Exercise 3: Value-based questions – Judgement and appreciation 1) D o you think traditional art forms such as puppetry should be encouraged? Why or why not? Ans.  2) Do you think that storytelling is an important art form? How can we contribute to this wonderful tradition in our homes and schools? Ans.  Puppet Traditions of India 49 NR_BGM_9789388751148 PASSPORT G04 ENGLISH TEXTBOOK PART 1_Text.pdf 53 12/15/2018 10:43:59 AM

I Speak Story telling The entire class sits in a large circle for this activity. One student begins with a sentence that starts a story. For example, ‘Once upon a time, there was a big, black dog.’ The second student in the circle adds a sentence to continue the story. Everyone must contribute to the story. Group activity The class needs to get into two groups for this activity. Each group has to create a puppet show. You can use socks to make sock puppets for this activity. Each group needs to think of a short story and present it to the rest of the class through a puppet show. Language Game Words to look for: Find these words! HERITAGE PUPPETEER S P SWS E Z H B T R E T MH SHADOW PUPPET C T Q T DMH V R E E G E N U R Y R OO Z L A X F E A P X Q STORIES WB K I E R D I Q T T T PWE STRING PUPPET M I DNN I I H S X E I UV S U X I A T GN E Z S P R P I L SUTRADHAR X Y U I X I P L S R P EWF E TRADITION Z KO Z B Z P UAAU HOP V ANCDA J P H P N PODAC R E B R K D DW Z P GH A N D Z B X GWA Z R R Q E M H V J KVB I R ZDB L I DT S F T J P L T MZ K J Y H U RCD R T S U Y OQ U P F D A U D F S N S V N S X QM Y C P H V Q P 50 12/15/2018 10:43:59 AM NR_BGM_9789388751148 PASSPORT G04 ENGLISH TEXTBOOK PART 1_Text.pdf 54

Connect the Dots Maths Fun A cottage industry made 4000 puppets for a company in Denmark. If one puppet costs ` 344, how much money would the company have to pay? Social Studies Fun Did you know that the World Puppetry Day is celebrated every year on 21st March? Every culture has its own tradition of puppetry. Shadow puppets, for example, are very popular in Indonesia. Here is a picture of Indonesian shadow puppets. A Note to Parent Let your child make puppets with waste material or old socks. Help your child to develop an interest in puppetry by telling them stories and helping them create a puppet show. This is a fun way to reconnect them with our tradition and culture. Puppet Traditions of India 51 NR_BGM_9789388751148 PASSPORT G04 ENGLISH TEXTBOOK PART 1_Text.pdf 55 12/15/2018 10:43:59 AM

Lesson The Elephant’s 8 Nose Let Us Start Listen and say aloud Words with two syllables – verbs (second syllable is stressed) present decrease upset decide increase require reject rewrite Warm Up • Do you know anybody who asks a lot of questions? Who is it? • N ame a question that you have always wondered about. Have you tried to find the answer? Let us now read a story about how elephants got their trunks. 52 12/15/2018 10:44:00 AM NR_BGM_9789388751148 PASSPORT G04 ENGLISH TEXTBOOK PART 1_Text.pdf 56

I Read Long ago, there was a time when elephants had no trunks. Their noses were no bigger than boots. But an elephant’s child named Jumbo changed all that. He always asked a lot of questions. He asked his aunt, the Ostrich, why her tail claw feathers grew just so. Aunt Ostrich hit him with her hard, hard claw. He asked his tall uncle, the Giraffe, what made his skin spotty. Uncle Giraffe spanked him with his hard, hard hoof. hoof Still, he was full of curiosity! He asked questions about curiosity everything that he saw, heard, felt, smelt or touched. One fine morning, Jumbo asked a new question. He asked, ‘What does a crocodile have for dinner?’ ‘Shush’, said all the animals in a scared voice. But he would not shush. He met a bird. She told him where he could find an answer. ‘Go to the Limpopo River’, she said. So, off he went. shush After a week of walking, Jumbo reached the edge of the river. He stepped on what he thought was a log of wood. It winked one eye. ‘Excuse me, but have you seen a crocodile in these parts?’ he asked politely. The creature winked the other eye and half lifted his tail out of the mud. Jumbo stepped back because he did not wish to be spanked again. ‘Come nearer, little one’, said the crocodile, ‘for I am the crocodile.’ Jumbo grew excited and kneeled down. ‘I have been looking for you all these days’, he said. ‘Will you please tell me what you have for dinner?’ ‘Come nearer, little one, and I’ll whisper’, said the crocodile. Jumbo put his head close to the crocodile’s mouth. The crocodile caught him by his little nose. Jumbo knew he was in big trouble. He sat back, and he pulled and pulled. They both pulled and pulled. Jumbo’s nose kept stretching and stretching. At last, the crocodile let go of Jumbo. Bfuddudd! Fell Jumbo, right on his big, broad back. He looked at his swish nose. He could not see where it ended! It was loooong! So long that he could swish it around! The Elephant’s Nose 53 NR_BGM_9789388751148 PASSPORT G04 ENGLISH TEXTBOOK PART 1_Text.pdf 57 12/15/2018 10:44:00 AM

He wrapped his nose in cool banana leaves and waited for it to shrink. He waited and waited. But nothing happened. He could still swish it all around. So, Jumbo went home swishing his trunk. Whenever he wanted a fruit to eat, he could pull it down from a tree. He did not need to wait anymore! One evening, he came back to his dear family and said, ‘How do you do?’ They looked at him and asked, ‘What have you done to your nose?’ ‘I got a new one from the crocodile on the banks of the Limpopo River’, said Jumbo. ‘I asked him what he had for dinner, and he gave me this to keep.’ And so it remains to this day. Looooooong!  – Adapted from ‘The Elephant’s Child’ by Rudyard Kipling Let Us Discuss 1) What would Jumbo always do? 2) Why did Jumbo go to the Limpopo River? 3) What did Jumbo wrap his nose in? 4) Who gave Jumbo his new nose? I Understand Meaning Exercise 1: New words Word claw spanked hoof curiosity shush swish 54 12/15/2018 10:44:00 AM NR_BGM_9789388751148 PASSPORT G04 ENGLISH TEXTBOOK PART 1_Text.pdf 58

I Speak Story telling Look at the pictures given below. Describe what is happening in them. Narrate the events in the form of a story and give it a title. Colour the pictures after narrating your story. 3 1 2 The Elephant’s Nose 55 NR_BGM_9789388751148 PASSPORT G04 ENGLISH TEXTBOOK PART 1_Text.pdf 59 12/15/2018 10:44:00 AM

Group activity Get into groups of five. Choose a wild animal from the options given below. Find out more about it. How big or small is it? Where does it live? What does it eat? Take turns to narrate this information in class. You can tell a short story about the animal too! Language Game Crossword puzzle Solve the crossword puzzle with names of different farm animals, birds and objects. Use the clues for help. 56 12/15/2018 10:44:00 AM NR_BGM_9789388751148 PASSPORT G04 ENGLISH TEXTBOOK PART 1_Text.pdf 60

2 2 1 5 10 3 8 4 7 6 11 6 12 3 12 9 13 95 11 10 4 13 8 1 7 11 Clues Down Across 1. g o ___ s ___ 3. ___ o r ___ e 2. c ___ ___ 4. t ___ r k ___ y 5. e ___ g 6. ___ o a ___ 7. r o ___ s ___ e r 9. s h ___ ___ p 8. f a ___ ___ e r 10. t ___ u c ___ 11. ___ o g 11. d o ___ k ___ ___ 12. __ __ n 13. p __ __ NR_BGM_9789388751148 PASSPORT G04 ENGLISH TEXTBOOK PART 1_Text.pdf 61 The Elephant’s Nose 57 12/15/2018 10:44:00 AM

Connect the Dots Maths Fun Jumbo’s nose was growing at a rate of 17 mm each minute. How long would his nose grow after the crocodile pulled on it for 19 minutes? Science Fun Fun facts about elephants • The trunk of an elephant is a combination of its nose and upper lip. • E lephant trunks are actually very short at birth. They become longer rapidly in a few days. Elephant babies sometimes step on their trunks by mistake! • The elephant trunk can lift weights of up to 400 kg! A Note to Parent Children are curious by nature. We can encourage this curiosity by making questions fun and interesting. For example, during breakfast, ask your child what they think Japanese people eat for breakfast. Let this start a train of questions on the similarities and differences between nations, states and communities. Do your research and share interesting trivia with your child. 58 12/15/2018 10:44:00 AM NR_BGM_9789388751148 PASSPORT G04 ENGLISH TEXTBOOK PART 1_Text.pdf 62

Lesson A Musical Journey 9 Let Us Start Listen and say aloud Rhyming words Word Rhyming words Word way, day sing unwilling play – fine mine, divine – Warm Up • Do you like listening to music? What kind of music do you like? • Can you say what the seven notes in music are? Let us read a poem in which the poet realises that she loves classical music. NR_BGM_9789388751148 PASSPORT G04 ENGLISH TEXTBOOK PART 1_Text.pdf 63 59 12/15/2018 10:44:00 AM

I Read Classical music was the pits screwed up unenthusiastic Sa–re–ga–ma–pa–dha–ni melodious It was outdated and old fashioned What use was it to me? Mummy told me to practise I would run away to play That’s the pattern we followed Day after day, all the way. One day we had visitors Mummy told me to sing I screwed up my face Unenthusiastic and unwilling. Somehow I got started And found it actually sounded fine Sa-re-ga-ma-pa-dha-ni The melodious voice was mine. Then I realised I love classical music It’s heavenly and divine. – Manjula Shukla Let Us Discuss 1) What kind of music is mentioned in the poem? 2) What does the poet do when her mother asks her to practise music? 3) How does the poet describe her voice? 4) How does the poet describe classical music in the end? 60 12/15/2018 10:44:01 AM NR_BGM_9789388751148 PASSPORT G04 ENGLISH TEXTBOOK PART 1_Text.pdf 64

I Understand Exercise 1: New words Meaning Word classical music pits screwed up unenthusiastic melodious heavenly divine Exercise 2: Literature comprehension 1) What did the poet think of classical music in the beginning? Ans.  2) What was the pattern that the mother and the poet followed day after day? Ans.  3) What did the poet’s mother ask her to do when they had visitors? Ans.  4) What did the poet realise in the end? Ans.  A Musical Journey 61 NR_BGM_9789388751148 PASSPORT G04 ENGLISH TEXTBOOK PART 1_Text.pdf 65 12/15/2018 10:44:01 AM

Exercise 3: Value-based questions – Judgement and appreciation 1) Which art form interests you the most? Why? Ans.  2) You will not know whether you can do something until you try it. Do you agree? Justify your answer with an example. Ans.  I Speak Public speaking Collect information about any Indian musical instrument. Talk about it for two minutes in front of your class. Group discussion Divide yourself into groups. Discuss how music plays an important role in our lives. Language Game The adjective game You have 30 seconds to underline all the adjectives in the poem. The student who completes the activity the fastest and without any mistakes will be the winner. Ans.  62 12/15/2018 10:44:01 AM NR_BGM_9789388751148 PASSPORT G04 ENGLISH TEXTBOOK PART 1_Text.pdf 66

Connect the Dots Maths Fun Nisha is a classical singer who practises singing for 3 hours a day. For how many hours does she practise in May if she doesn’t practise on the 4 Sundays in that month? Science Fun Our brains are divided into two parts – the left and the right. If you are right handed and good at numbers, it is the left side of your brain that is more powerful. In the same way, if you are left handed and creative, your right brain is more powerful. However, music is one of the things that need coordination between the right and left sides of the brain. You need the left side to help master notes and techniques. The right side helps with adding emotions and melody to a song. Left Brain Right Brain Logic Emotion Analysis Intuition Organisation Spirituality Administration Interpersonal skills Maths and Science Art and music Knowledge/facts Belief Detail ‘Big picture’ A Note to Parent Encourage your child to listen to classical music. Listening to soothing music is good for your child. Remember, they may not enjoy it unless you do. Devote some time of your day or week to music. A Musical Journey 63 NR_BGM_9789388751148 PASSPORT G04 ENGLISH TEXTBOOK PART 1_Text.pdf 67 12/15/2018 10:44:01 AM

S3 Speaking Project My favourite festival India is known as the ‘land of festivals’. There are many cultural and religious festivals that we celebrate through the year. Festivals are a time for bonding with family and friends and for spreading happiness. All of us have a favourite festival. Which is your favourite festival? Speak for two to three minutes on your favourite festival. Keep the following pointers in mind as you speak: • Name your favourite festival. • Speak about why it is celebrated. • Share a story about it. • Describe how you celebrate it and why it is your favourite festival. 64 12/15/2018 10:44:01 AM NR_BGM_9789388751148 PASSPORT G04 ENGLISH TEXTBOOK PART 1_Text.pdf 68

R3 Reading Comprehension Passage 1 Read the story and answer the questions given below. There was an old king who liked to ride his elephant to town just after sunrise. After the rides, he would send the elephant to its trainer and his wife, who would bathe and feed it. One day, the king fell ill, and his son decided to sell the elephant to the circus. The elephant was very sad. Its trainer said, ‘Don’t be sad. You will be taught many tricks, and you will be happy to see children who will love you.’ True enough, as soon as he entered the ring, the children clapped their hands and called out to him. Everybody loved the elephant, and he was happy travelling across the country with the circus. On one of his trips, he arrived at his old hometown. His wish to see his trainer and the king grew stronger every day. One day, he ran away from the circus and reached the palace. He was shocked to see it broken and empty! The elephant turned back, and tears rolled down his eyes. Suddenly, he heard someone calling out his name. He looked back and saw his trainer. Immediately, he ran towards him, lifted him onto his back and went back to the circus. Everybody was happy to see the elephant. The trainer joined the circus and helped in training the other elephants. NR_BGM_9789388751148 PASSPORT G04 ENGLISH TEXTBOOK PART 1_Text.pdf 69 65 12/15/2018 10:44:01 AM

1) Where would the king send the elephant after the rides? Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 2) What did the king’s son decide when his father fell ill? Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 3) Write the correct pronouns for the words given below. a) king – ____________________________________________________________________ b) palace – ____________________________________________________________________ c) wife – ____________________________________________________________________ 4) Write a word from the passage that rhymes with ‘guide’. Ans. �����������������������������������������������������������������������������������. 5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1) trainer a) unexpectedly 2) shocked b) coach 3) suddenly c) felt upset and surprised 66 12/15/2018 10:44:01 AM NR_BGM_9789388751148 PASSPORT G04 ENGLISH TEXTBOOK PART 1_Text.pdf 70

Passage 2 Read the story and answer the questions given below. It was a bright and sunny morning. A large group of young boys gathered in the forest with their bows and arrows. But they were not ordinary boys. They were the five Pandavas and the hundred Kauravas. A fierce rivalry between them had begun to grow when they were just children. The royal children learnt the skills of using weapons from Dronacharya. He was one of the greatest warriors of his time. He had learnt the secret of powerful weapons from Parasurama. The Pandavas and the Kauravas were quick to learn. Each of them had his own favourite weapon. Duryodhana and Bhima favoured the mace and Yudhisthira the spear. Arjuna was fascinated by bows and arrows. The twins Nakula and Sahadeva were most comfortable with swords. The guru treated all his disciples equally. However, he liked Arjuna the most because Arjuna practised his art with great concentration. Soon, he became the best archer among all. Duryodhana and his brother Dushasana did not like this and openly criticised their guru for favouring Arjuna. As a reply to their criticism, Dronacharya arranged for a test to pick out the best archer from among them. On that day, Guru Dronacharya asked the students to gather by the forest near his ashram. He had placed a wooden bird with a clearly painted eye on one of the trees. The task was to hit the wooden bird in the eye. 1) What was Yudhisthira’s choice of weapon? Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 2) Who was the best archer among all? Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� Reading Comprehension 67 NR_BGM_9789388751148 PASSPORT G04 ENGLISH TEXTBOOK PART 1_Text.pdf 71 12/15/2018 10:44:01 AM

3) Write the comparative form of the adjectives given in brackets to fill in the blanks. a) Ram’s house is ____________________________ than his. (large) b) This dog is running ____________________________ than mine. (fast) c) The bird flew ____________________________ than the others in the sky. (high) 4) Write a word from the passage that means ‘to do again and again to get better at something’. Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1) rivalry a) preferred 2) favoured b) disapproved 3) criticised c) competition 68 12/15/2018 10:44:01 AM NR_BGM_9789388751148 PASSPORT G04 ENGLISH TEXTBOOK PART 1_Text.pdf 72

Glossary Sr. No. Words Meaning very old 1 ancient (adj.) a person who studies objects from the past having the blue colour of the clear sky 2 archaeologist (n.) a grand feast something that prevents movement from one 3 azure (adj.) place to another chained or tied to something 4 banquet (n.) cut skilfully monkey-like animals with black or brown fur 5 barrier (n.) traditional music that follows strict rules a sharp, curved part on the toe of an animal (such 6 bound (adj.) as a cat or a bird) 7 carve (v.) clever in a tricky way 8 chimpanzees (n.) the way to solve a problem 9 classical music (n.) the desire to know or learn about something new to want or wish for something 10 claw (n.) felt upset extremely delightful or amazing 11 cunning (adj.) having drunk so much alcohol that normal actions 12 cure (n.) (such as talking, thinking, and moving) become 13 curiosity (n.) difficult to do 14 desire (v.) an animal species that could die out completely 15 disturbed (adj.) asked for information 16 divine (adj.) very interested in something or someone to order someone not to do something 17 drunk (adj.) clothes 18 endangered (adj.) 19 enquired (v.) 20 fascinated (adv.) 21 forbid (v.) 22 garments (n.) NR_BGM_9789388751148 PASSPORT G04 ENGLISH TEXTBOOK PART 1_Text.pdf 73 12/15/2018 10:44:01 AM

Sr. No. Words Meaning without happiness or hope 23 gloomy (adj.) very pleasant or soothing strict and harsh 24 heavenly (adj.) traditions and beliefs that are handed down from the past 25 heavy-handed (adj.) the hard covering on the foot of an animal (such as a horse or a pig) 26 heritage (n.) locked up remain unharmed and in one piece 27 hoof (n.) small tasks that someone does to earn money full of joy 28 imprisoned (v.) relatives 29 intact (adj.) resting on one's knees 30 jobs (n.) in a slow and relaxed manner 31 joyous (adj.) thick hair growing around the neck of animals such 32 kith and kin (n.) as horses and lions 33 kneeling (v.) a channel of communication 34 leisurely (adv.) with a sad mood or feeling sweet-sounding music 35 mane (n.) sweet sounding to not treat someone well 36 medium (n.) making a low, continuous sound 37 melancholy (adj.) said; remarked 38 melodies (n.) a place planted with many fruit trees 39 melodious (adj.) having a skin colour that is whiter than normal 40 mistreat(v.) weak or dull 41 murmuring (v.) the ability to wait calmly 42 observed (v.) worst possible 43 orchard (n.) objects that are used in a play or performance 44 pale (adj.) 45 pallid (adj.) 46 patience (n.) 47 pits (slang) 48 props (n.) NR_BGM_9789388751148 PASSPORT G04 ENGLISH TEXTBOOK PART 1_Text.pdf 74 12/15/2018 10:44:01 AM

Sr. No. Words Meaning 49 regretted (v.) felt deeply sorry 50 revenge (n.) harm done in return for harm done 51 rubble (n.) broken pieces of rocks or stones 52 scared (adj.) frightened; afraid 53 screwed up (v.) made a face 54 shush (n.) a command to be silent 55 single-handedly (adv.) done by a person by himself or herself 56 sorrow (n.) a feeling of great sadness 57 spanked (n.) slapped or hit with an open hand 58 spare me from his does not leave any chance of scolding or saying tongue (phr.) harsh things a secret, quiet and clever way of moving or 59 stealth (n.) behaving two loops that are attached to a saddle for the 60 stirrup (n.) rider’s feet 61 strange (adj.) 62 studying (v.) different from usual 63 swirl (v.) giving time and attention to gain knowledge of something to move in circles 64 swish (v.) to move with a soft sweeping or brushing sound 65 sword (n.) a weapon with a long blade and handle 66 temper (n.) the usual attitude, mood or behaviour of a person 67 thee (prn.) you (Old English) 68 threaten (v.) frighten someone 69 to his amaze (phr.) to his surprise 70 traditions (n.) ways of behaving or doing something by people of 71 tunnel (n.) a particular group for a long time an underground passage 72 twin (adj.) born together to the same mother 73 unenthusiastic (adj.) not excited or interested NR_BGM_9789388751148 PASSPORT G04 ENGLISH TEXTBOOK PART 1_Text.pdf 75 12/15/2018 10:44:01 AM

Sr. No. Words Meaning different from others 74 unique (adj.) made a sound; said something waste away 75 uttered (v.) very bad or unpleasant plants and trees that grow in natural conditions 76 wear away (v.) speak in a feeble or weak manner without any care 77 wicked (adj.) 78 wild (n.) 79 with a whimper (phr.) 80 with abandon (adv.) n. Key prn. noun v. pronoun adj. verb adv. phr. adjective phr. v. adverb phrase phrasal verb NR_BGM_9789388751148 PASSPORT G04 ENGLISH TEXTBOOK PART 1_Text.pdf 76 12/15/2018 10:44:01 AM