Pneumatic Workbook Basic

C-71 Solution 15 Components Description Components list 0Z1 Service unit with on-off valve 0Z2 Manifold 1A Double-acting cylinder 1S1 3/2-way valve with push button, normally closed 1S2 3/2-way roller lever valve, normally closed 1S3 3/2-way roller lever valve with idle return, normally closed 1V1 5/2-way double pilot valve 1V2 One-way flow control valve 2A Double-acting cylinder 2S1 3/2-way roller lever valve with idle return, normally closed 2S2 3/2-way roller lever valve, normally closed 2S3 3/2-way valve with push button, normally closed 2V1 Dual-pressure valve 2V2 Pressure regulator with pressure gauge 2V3 5/2-way double pilot valve 2V4 One-way flow control valve 2Z1 Optical display Draw up the displacement-time diagram of the system you have built, Follow up using a stop watch. Replace the idle return roller lever valves (2S1) and (1S2) by ordinary roller lever valves. Why does the system no longer function? Write the abbreviated notation with division into groups (two groups). Build the alternative circuit B with a reversing valve. TP101 • Festo Didactic

C-72 Solution 15 Fig. 15/5: Displacement- Time axis: 20 millimetres = 1 second time diagram 1 1A 0 1 2A 0 01234567 Time t in seconds Abbreviated notation With division into groups for alternative circuit B 1A+ 2A+ 2A– 1A– One can see from the abbreviated notation that the motion sequence envisaged requires a division into at least two groups. A reversing valve is necessary in order to be able to form two separate circuits. Note regarding The problem of switching off a counter signal still present at the power solution valves is solved here by using a reversing valve (0V2). In this way, one does not have to fit idle return roller lever valves. This increases opera- tional reliability. TP101 • Festo Didactic

C-73 Solution 15 Fig. 15/6: Circuit diagram B 1A 1S1 1S2 2A 2S1 2S2 1V2 2V3 0Z5 1V1 2V2 P1 2V1 P2 2S1 1S2 0Z4 0V2 1S1 0Z3 0V1 0S1 2S2 0S2 TP101 • Festo Didactic

C-74 Solution 15 TP101 • Festo Didactic

C-75 Solution 16 Input station for laser cutter Fig. 16/2: Circuit diagram A 2A 2S1 1A 1S1 1S2 2V3 1V2 2V2 1V1 2V1 P1 1S1 P2 0Z4 0V2 0Z3 2S1 0V1 0S1 1S2 TP101 • Festo Didactic

C-76 1A+ 1A- 2A+ 2A- Solution 16 0S1 Abbreviated notation with division into 1 2 3 4=1 groups Fig. 16/3: Displacement- step diagram 1 0V1 1A t2 0 1S2 1 2S1 2A 0 t1 = 0,5s TP101 • Festo Didactic

C-77 Solution 16 Initial position Solution description In the initial position, the reversing valve (0V2) supplies air to line P2. The pressure gauge (0Z3) registers the signal. The clamping cylinder (1A) is retracted and actuates the roller lever valve (1S1). Ejector cylin- der (2A) is advanced and actuates the roller lever valve (2S1). Step 1-2 If push button (0S1) is operated, reversing valve (0V2) switches and supplies air to line P1, line P2 is exhausted. Both power valves (1V1) and (2V1) are reversed. The ejector cylinder (2A) is retracted with its exhaust air restricted (2V2); at the same time clamping cylinder (1A) goes forward, likewise with exhaust air restricted (1V2) and actuates roller lever valve (1S2). Clamping time t1 =0.5 seconds is set by means of one-way flow control valves (1V2) and (2V2). Actuation of roller lever valve (1S2) supplies pressure to the pilot port of time delay valve (0V1). During the set clamping time of t2 = 5 seconds, the air reservoir (pneu- matic memory) of the time delay valve is filled. Step 2-3 Switching through time delay valve (0V1) actuates reversing valve (0V2). Line P2 is pressurised (0Z3), line P1 exhausted (0Z4). After reversal of power valve, (1V1) clamping cylinder (1A) is retracted without restriction and, in its retracted end position, actuates roller lever valve (1S1). Step 3-4 After the actuation of roller lever valve (1S1), power valve (2V1) is re- versed. Ejector cylinder (2A) advances rapidly. The fast forward motion is achieved through quick exhaust valve (2V3) and the shortest possible length of tubing between the cylinder and quick exhaust valve. TP101 • Festo Didactic

C-78 Solution 16 Fig. 16/4:Circuit design A 1A 1S1 1S2 2A 2S1 2V3 1V2 2V2 1V1 2 4 2V1 12 14 4 2 14 12 51 3 51 3 1S1 2 0Z4 13 P1 0V2 2 P2 12 0Z3 4 14 51 3 2S1 0V1 2 13 2 12 13 1S2 0S1 2 2 13 13 The components – service unit with on-off valve (0Z1) and manifold (0Z2) are no longer shown. TP101 • Festo Didactic

C-79 Solution 16 Components Description Components list 0S1 3/2-way valve with push button, normally closed 0V1 Time delay valve, normally closed 0V2 5/2-way double pilot valve 0Z1 Service unit with on-off valve 0Z2 Manifold 0Z3 Pressure gauge 0Z4 Pressure gauge 1A Double-acting cylinder 1S1 3/2-way roller lever valve, normally closed 1S2 3/2-way roller lever valve, normally closed 1V1 5/2-way double pilot valve 1V2 One-way flow control valve 2A Double-acting cylinder 2S1 3/2-way roller lever valve, normally closed 2V1 5/2-way double pilot valve 2V2 One-way flow control valve 2V3 Quick exhaust valve The following valve ports may also be connected directly to the air sup- Follow up ply. – Start push button 0S1 - 1 – Roller lever valve 1S2 - 1 However, this reduces the reliability of operation. Draw up the displacement-time diagram of the assembled circuit by using a stop watch. TP101 • Festo Didactic

C-80 Solution 16 Fig. 16/5: Displacement- Time axis: 20 millimetres = 1 second time diagram 1 1A 0 1 2A 0 01234567 Time t in seconds Alternative circuits Assemble alternative circuits B, C and D. Investigate the advantages and disadvantages of the different alternatives. Components – service unit with on-off valve (0Z1) and manifold (0Z2), are no longer shown. TP101 • Festo Didactic

C-81 Solution 16 1A 1S1 1S2 2A 2S1 1V2 2V3 2V2 1V1 2 4 2V1 Fig. 16/6: 12 14 Alternative circuit B 4 2 14 12 Circuit design 51 3 1S1 51 3 0Z4 2 0Z3 13 P1 0V4 4 2 0V5 P2 12 14 2 0V3 51 3 0V1 0V2 12 13 0S1 2S1 1S2 2 2 2 13 13 13 TP101 • Festo Didactic

C-82 Solution 16 Fig. 16/7: 1A 1S1 1S2 2A 2S1 Alternative circuit C Circuit diagram 2V3 2V2 1V3 1V2 2V1 0V1 1V1 0S1 2S1 1S2 1S1 TP101 • Festo Didactic

C-83 Solution 16 Fig. 16/8: 1A 1S1 1S2 2A 2S1 Alternative circuit D 2V3 Circuit diagram 1V2 2V2 0Z4 0Z5 1V1 2V1 P1 P2 P3 0Z3 123 0V2 Y Y P P Z Z L L 0V1 0S1 1S2 1S1 2S1 TP101 • Festo Didactic

C-84 Solution 16 Note regarding The Festo sequencer consists of at least three modules. It may be ex- this solution tended by any number of further modules. The Festo Didactic stepper modules of equipment set TP102 consist of four modules. Thus, when assembling the circuit, one step must be bridged (see also circuit design of this alternative circuit). Fig. 16/9: Components – service unit with on-off valve (0Z1) and mani- fold (0Z2), are no longer shown. TP101 • Festo Didactic

C-85 Solution 16 Fig. 16/9: 1A 1S1 1S2 2A 2S1 Alternative circuit D Circuit design 2V3 1V2 2V2 0Z5 0Z4 1V1 4 2 4 2 2V1 12 14 14 12 51 3 51 3 P1 P2 P3 0V2 0Z3 A1 A2 A3 A4 Y 1 2 3 4 P X4 Y Z L P Z X1 L X2 X3 2 0V1 12 0S1 1S2 13 1S1 2S1 2 2 2 2 13 13 13 13 TP101 • Festo Didactic

C-86 Solution 16 TP101 • Festo Didactic

Partial automation of an internal grinder C-87 1V2 Solution 17 Fig. 17/2: Circuit diagram A 1A 1S1 1S2 2A 2S1 1V1 2V1 1S1 0Z4 0Z3 P1 0V2 P2 P3 0V3 0V1 0S1 2S1 1S2 TP101 • Festo Didactic

C-88 Solution 17 When this circuit is assembled, a double-acting cylinder takes the place of the pneumatic linear feed unit (1A). Abbreviated notation 1A+ 1A– 2A+ 2A– with division into groups It can be seen from the abbreviated notation, that the preset sequence of movements requires a division into at least two groups. For setting up two lines, one reversing valve is needed. If a separation into groups is undertaken at the beginning of the cycle, three groups result. For three lines, it is necessary to connect up two reversing valves in series. Fig. 17/3: Displacement- 0S1 step diagram 1 23 4 5=1 1 0V2 1A t 0 1S2 1S1 1 2S1 2A 0 TP101 • Festo Didactic

C-89 Solution 17 Initial position Solution description In the initial position, both cylinders assume the retracted end position. Roller lever valve (1S1) is actuated. The upper reversing valve (0V3) is in the right-hand switching position. Line P3 is pressurised through the left hand switching position assumed by reversing valve (0V1). Step 1-2 Operation of start push button (0S1) actuates the lower reversing valve (0V1) and provides pressure to line P1 while exhausting line P3. Power valve (1V1) reverses and pneumatic linear feed (1A) advances. In the forward end position, the actuator triggers roller lever valve (1S2). This supplies pressure at the pilot port of time delay valve (0V2). The actuator (1A) remains in the forward end position during t = 2 seconds. Step 2-3 Switching through of the time delay valve (0V2) causes the upper re- versing valve (0V3) to switch and line P2 to be pressurised. Power valve (1V1) is reset. Feed cylinder (1A) goes to its initial position and again actuates roller lever valve (1S1). Step 3-4 As line P2 is pressurised, actuation of roller lever valve (1S1) causes power valve (2V1) to be switched against spring force. Ejector cylinder (2A) goes forward unthrottled and actuates roller lever valve (2S1). Step 4-5 Actuation of limit switch (2S1) causes lower reversing valve (0V1) to be switched. This change of status has two effects. Firstly, line P3 is pres- surised and the upper reversing valve put into the right-hand switching position, so that both reversing valves (0V1) and (0V3) are back in the initial position. Secondly, line P2 is exhausted. This leads to the reset- ting of power valve (2V1) and thus, to the retraction of the ejector cylin- der (2A). TP101 • Festo Didactic

C-90 Solution 17 Fig.17/4: Circuit design 1A 1S1 1S2 2A 2S1 1V2 1V3 1V1 2 2V1 2 12 4 4 14 14 51 3 51 3 0Z4 0Z3 2 1S1 13 P1 P2 P3 4 0V3 14 2 12 51 3 0V1 2 0V2 2 12 13 4 12 14 1S2 51 3 2 0S1 2S1 13 2 2 13 13 TP101 • Festo Didactic

C-91 Solution 17 In the set of equipment for the basic level, there are three 5/2-way dou- ble pilot valves, (0V1), (0V3) and (1V1). In place of power valve (2V1) with spring return, a fourth 5/2-way double piloted valve may be used. The right-hand pilot port 2V1-12 is then connected to line P3. Components – service unit with on-off valve (0Z1) and manifold (0Z2), are no longer shown. Components Description Components list 0S1 3/2-way valve with push-button, normally closed 0V1 5/2-way double pilot valve 0V2 Time delay valve, normally closed 0V3 5/2-way double pilot valve 0Z1 Service unit with on-off valve 0Z2 Manifold 0Z3 Pressure gauge 0Z4 Pressure gauge 1A Double-acting cylinder 1S1 3/2-way roller lever valve, normally closed 1S2 3/2-way roller lever valve, normally closed 1V1 5/2-way double pilot valve 1V2 One-way flow control valve 1V3 One-way flow control valve 2A Single-acting cylinder 2S1 3/2-way roller lever valve, normally closed 2V1 5/2-way single pilot valve Construct alternative circuits B and C. Find out the advantages and Follow up disadvantages of the various alternatives. TP101 • Festo Didactic

C-92 Solution 17 Fig. 17/5: 1V2 Alternative circuit B Circuit diagram 1A 1S1 1S2 2A 2S1 1V1 2V1 0Z4 0Z3 1S1 P1 0V6 P2 P3 0V5 0V4 0V1 0V2 0V3 0S1 2S1 1S2 TP101 • Festo Didactic

C-93 Solution 17 Fig. 17/6: 1A 1S1 1S2 2A 2S1 Alternative circuit C Circuit design 1V1 4 2 2V1 4 2 12 14 14 51 3 51 3 P1 P2 P3 0V2 0Z3 A1 A2 A3 A4 Y 1 2 3 4 P X4 Y Z L P Z X1 L X2 X3 2 0V1 12 0S1 1S2 2 13 2 1S1 2S1 2 13 13 2 13 13 Components – service unit with on-off valve (0Z1) and manifold (0Z2), are no longer shown.. TP101 • Festo Didactic

C-94 Solution 17 TP101 • Festo Didactic

Drilling machine with four spindles C-95 1V11 Solution 18 1A 1S1 1S2 Fig. 18/2: Circuit diagram A 1S4 1V10 1Z1 1Z2 1V9 1V8 1V3 1V4 1V7 1S2 P1 P2 P3 P4 1V6 1V5 1V1 1V2 1S3 1S1 TP101 • Festo Didactic

C-96 Solution 18 When this circuit is assembled, the “foot-actuated” 3/2-way valves (1S1) and (1S4) are replaced by valves with push button or selector switch (1S1) 3/2-way valve, by push button (1S4) 5/2-way valve, by selector switch The feed unit (1A) is replaced by a double-acting cylinder. Abbreviated notation 1A+ 1A- 2A+ 2A- with division into groups 1S3 Fig. 18/3: Displacement- 1 2 3 4 5=1 step diagram 1 1S2 1S2 1A 1S1 1S1 0 t 1V2 Solution description Initial position In the initial position, the cylinder (1A) assumes the retracted end posi- tion. The final control valve (1V10) is located in the left switching position and supplies air to the piston rod chamber. Line P4 is pressurised; the other three lines are exhausted. The upper reversing valve (1V7) and the central reversing valve (1V6) are located in the right-hand switching position. The lower reversing valve (1V5) assumes the left-hand switch- ing position. The roller lever valve (1S1) is actuated. Step 1-2 The lower reversing valve (1V5) is actuated by depressing the start valve by pedal (1S3). Line P4 exhausts and line P1 is supplied with air. The final control valve (1V10) is reversed via the shuttle valve (1V8) and the 3/2-way valve (1S4). The cylinder extends with flow control. The trip cam actuates the roller lever valve (1S2) in the forward end position. TP101 • Festo Didactic

C-97 Solution 18 Step 2-3 The upper reversing valve (1V7) is actuated via the dual-pressure valve (1V4) and by actuating the roller lever valve (1S2). Line P1 is exhausted. Line P2 is supplied with air and the time delay valve (1V2) is pressurised at the supply port with a one-signal. Exhausting line P1 reverses the final control valve (1V10); the cylinder retracts. In the retracted end position, the trip cam re-actuates the roller lever valve (1S1). The control port of the time delay valve (1V2) is now supplied with air by renewed actuation of the roller lever valve. The pneumatic reservoir is filled via the restric- tor. The cylinder is held in the retracted end position for t = 1.5 seconds. Step 3-4 Time delay valve (1V2) switches through at a reservoir pressure p = 3 bar (= 300 kPa), and the central reversing valve (1V6) is thus trans- ferred into the left switching position. Line P2 is exhausted, and line P3 is supplied with air. This leads initially to the upper reversing valve (1V7) being reset to the initial start position. Secondly, the dual-pressure valve (1V3) is supplied with pressure on one side. Thirdly, the final control valve (1V10) is reversed once again and the cylinder extends a second time. The trip cam re-actuates the roller lever valve (1S2) in the forward end position. Step 4-5 The re-actuation of the roller lever valve (1S2) switches through the dual-pressure valve (1V3) and actuates the lower reversing valve (1V5). The central reversing valve (1V6) is also reset and, by exhausting line P3, the final control valve (1V10) is exhausted on the control side caus- ing the drilling spindles to retract a second time. The roller lever valve (1S1) is actuated a final time in the retracted end position. The three reversing valves are once again in the initial position, i. e. the final line is supplied with air. The other lines are exhausted. 3/2-way valve (1S4) with flow in the normal position If more time is required to move the spacer than was foreseen, the ad- vance of the cylinder can be prevented through actuation of valve (1S4). Any movement which has been initiated is interrupted and the cylinder travels to the retracted end position. If the detent of the 3/2-way normally open valve (1S4) is unlatched, the motion sequence proceeds as nor- mal. TP101 • Festo Didactic

C-98 Solution 18 Fig. 18/4: Circuit design 1S1 1S2 1A 1V11 1V12 1V10 2 4 14 1S4 51 3 42 1V9 51 3 1V8 P1 1Z2 P2 1Z1 P3 P4 1V3 1V4 1S2 2 4 2 1V7 13 14 12 TP101 • Festo Didactic 51 3 4 1V6 14 2 12 51 3 1V5 4 2 12 14 51 3 1V2 2 13 1V1 12 1S3 2 2 1S1 13 13

C-99 Solution 18 The components – service unit with on-off valve (0Z1), and manifold (0Z2), are no longer shown. Components Description Components list 0Z1 Service unit with on-off valve 0Z2 Manifold 1A Double-acting cylinder 1S1 3/2-way roller lever valve, normally closed 1S2 3/2-way roller lever valve, normally closed 1S3 3/2-way valve with push button, normally closed 1S4 5/2-way valve with selector switch 1V1 Dual-pressure valve 1V2 Time delay valve, normally closed 1V3 Dual-pressure valve 1V4 Dual-pressure valve 1V5 5/2-way double pilot valve 1V6 5/2-way double pilot valve 1V7 5/2-way double pilot valve 1V8 Shuttle valve 1V9 Pressure regulator with pressure gauge 1V10 5/2-way single pilot valve 1V11 One-way flow control valve 1V12 One-way flow control valve 1Z1 Pressure gauge 1Z2 Pressure gauge Construct alternative circuit B. What advantages are afforded by cir- Follow up cuit B? Fig. 18/5: The components – service unit with on-off valve (0Z1), and manifold (0Z2), are no longer shown. TP101 • Festo Didactic

C-100 1S1 1S2 1A Solution 18 1V6 1V7 Fig. 18/5: Alternative circuit B Circuit design 1V5 4 2 1S4 4 2 51 3 51 3 1V4 1Z2 1Z3 1V3 P1 P2 P3 P4 1V2 1Z1 A1 A2 A3 A4 Y 1 2 3 4 P X2 X3 X4 Y Z L 2 P Z X1 L 1V1 12 13 1S3 1S1 1S2 2 2 2 13 13 13 TP101 • Festo Didactic

Drilling machine with gravity feed magazine C-101 Solution 19 Fig. 19/3: Circuit diagram 3A 3S1 2A 2S1 2S2 3V2 3V1 1S1 0V2 0V1 2V3 2V2 2V4 1Z1 2V1 2S2 2S1 0Z3 3S1 1A 1S1 1V4 P1 1V3 P2 1V1 1S3 1V2 1S2 TP101 • Festo Didactic

C-102 Solution 19 Abbreviated notation 1A+ 2A+ 2A– 1A– 3A+ 3A– with division into groups From the abbreviated notation, it can be seen that the preset motion sequence needs to be divided into a least two groups (minimum divi- sion). A reversing valve is necessary for the formation of two lines. However, this circuit is not very reliable. To achieve a greater degree of reliability, it is necessary either to bring into use components from a sec- ond basic level equipment set (TP101) or else to use components from the advanced level (TP102). Please also note alternative solution B. Fig. 19/4: Displacement- 1S1 step diagram 1234 1 5 6 7=1 1A 1S1 0 0V1 1 2V1 p 2S2 t 2S1 2A 3S1 0 1 3A 0 TP101 • Festo Didactic

C-103 Solution 19 Initial position Solution description In the initial position, all three cylinders assume the retracted end posi- tion. The clamping cylinder (1A) actuates roller lever valve 1S1). Roller lever valve (2S1) is depressed by feed cylinder (2A). Line P1 is ex- hausted. Line P2 is supplied with air as reversing valve (0V2) assumes the left-hand switching position. Step 1-2 Actuation of the start button (1S2) causes the final control element (1V3) to reverse. Clamping cylinder (1A) with exhaust air throttled (1V4), pushes the end piece out of the magazine and under the drilling spindle and holds it in a clamped position against the fixed stop. The pressure continues to rise in the clamping cylinder (1A). When a pressure of p = 4 bar (= 400 kPa) has been reached in the cylinder, the pressure se- quence valve (2V1) switches. Step 2-3 With the switching through of pressure sequence valve (2V1), also sup- plied with air from line P2, final control valve (2V3) is reversed against the spring. Feed cylinder (2A) extends with flow control (2V4). Roller lever valve (2S2) is actuated in the forward end position. Step 3-4 Once the forward end position has been reached, the workpiece cylinder (2A) returns to its initial start position. The return stroke is initiated by the actuation of the roller lever valve (2S2), which causes the reversing valve (0V2) to be reversed. Line P1 is supplied with air. Line P2 is ex- hausted and the final control component (2V3) returns independently. Feed cylinder (2A) actuates roller lever valve (2S1) in the retracted end position. Step 4-5 When the roller lever valve (2S1) switches through, the final control valve (1V3) reverses, as line P1 is now exhausted. The clamping cylin- der (1A) returns without flow control. In the retracted end position, the cylinder trip cam depresses the lever of the roller lever valve (1S1). TP101 • Festo Didactic

C-104 Solution 19 Step 5-6 Final control element (3V1) is reversed by actuating roller lever valve (1S1). Ejecting cylinder (3A) pushes the finished end piece out of the machine. At the same time, the pneumatic reservoir of the time delay valve (0V1) is filled via the restrictor. The time delay valve (0V1) is actu- ated at a control pressure of p = 3 bar (= 300 kPa). Step 6-7 When time delay valve (0V1) has been switched through, the ejector cylinder (3A) returns quickly. The fast movement is achieved by the use of a quick exhaust valve (3V2). In the retracted end position, ejecting cylinder (3A) actuates roller lever valve (3S1). When the 5/2-way valve with selector switch (1S3) has been switched, a new cycle is initiated. Continuous cycle / single cycle When the valve with selector switch (1S3) is in the position shown, a start signal with the push button (1S2) initiates a single cycle. A continu- ous cycle is also initiated by reversing the 5/2-way valve with selector switch (1S3). If the detented valve is reset, the controller remains in the initial position at the end of the cycle. TP101 • Festo Didactic

C-1051A 1S12A 2S1 2S2 3A 3S1 Solution 191V42V43V2 Fig. 19/5: Circuit design A1V3 4 21Z12V3 4 23V1 4 2 2V1 2 TP101 • Festo Didactic 51 3 51 3 51 3 12 1 3 2 2S1 2V2 2 1S1 1V2 1 3 2S2 2 13 13 P1 0V2 4 2 P2 51 3 1V1 0Z3 0V1 2 2 3S1 13 1S2 2 1S3 4 2 12 13 13 51 3

C-106 Solution 19 Components list Components Description Follow up 0V1 Time delay valve, normally closed 0V2 5/2-way double pilot valve 0Z1 Service unit with on-off valve 0Z2 Manifold 0Z3 Pressure gauge 1A Double-acting cylinder 1S1 3/2-way roller lever valve, normally closed 1S2 3/2-way valve with push-button, normally closed 1S3 5/2-way valve with selector switch 1V1 Dual-pressure valve 1V2 Shuttle valve 1V3 5/2-way double pilot valve 1V4 One-way flow control valve 1Z1 Pressure gauge 2A Double-acting cylinder 2S1 3/2-way roller lever valve, normally closed 2S2 3/2-way roller lever valve, normally closed 2V1 Pressure sequence valve 2V2 Pressure regulator with pressure gauge 2V3 5/2-way single pilot valve 2V4 One-way flow control valve 3A Single-acting cylinder 3S1 3/2-way roller lever valve, normally closed 3V1 5/2-way double pilot valve 3V2 Quick exhaust valve Construct alternative circuit B. What advantages are offered by divi- sion into three rather than two groups? Abbreviated notation With division into groups for alternative circuit B 3A– 1A+ 2A+ 2A– 1A– 3A+ TP101 • Festo Didactic

1A 1S1 C-1072A 2S1 2S2 3A 3S1 1V2 Solution 191Z12V43V2 2V1 1V1 4 2 Fig. 19/6:2V3 4 23V1 4 2 Alternative circuit B12 51 3 51 3 51 3 Circuit design 2 2S1 2 2V2 2 1S1 TP101 • Festo Didactic 13 13 13 0V7 42 0V8 0V5 0Z3 0V4 51 3 0V3 42 0V6 51 3 2 0V1 0V2 2 3S1 0S1 2 0S2 4 2 12 2S2 2 13 13 51 3 13 13

C-108 Solution 19 TP101 • Festo Didactic

C-109 Solution 20 Pneumatic Counter 1S2 2A 2S1 Fig. 20/2: Circuit diagram 2S2 1A 1S1 1V1 2V1 3V5 3V6 3V1 3V2 3V3 3V4 3Z 1S1 1S2 2S1 2S2 0V2 0V1 0S1 TP101 • Festo Didactic

C-110 Solution 20 Abbreviated notation 2A+ 1A+ 2A+ 1A- 2A- 2A- Fig. 20/3: Displacement- 12 56 step diagram 34 7 8 9=1 0S1 0S1 0S1 0S1 1 1S2 1S1 2S2 1A 2S2 2S1 2S1 0 1 2A 0 Solution description When a counting process has been completed, i. e the cylinders have carried out their movements, one roller lever valve is always actuated per cylinder. The signal to continue counting (counting signal) need, therefore, only be given to roller lever valves (1S1) and (1S2). Cylinder (1A) represents the left figure (21) in the binary system, whilst a counting cyle (1,2,3,0) reverses the final control element (1V) twice. The dual-pressure valve (3V2) signals to the final control valve (1V) to ex- tend. The dual-pressure valve (3V4) signals in the same way to the same valve to retract. Cylinder (2A) represents the right-hand figure (20) in the binary system whilst a counting cycle switches the final control element (2V) four times. The two shuttle valves (3V5) and (3V6) process together these four sig- nals for the final control valve (2V). Dual-pressure valve (3V1) counts from zero to one. Dual-pressure valve (3V2) counts from one to two. Dual-pressure valve (3V3) counts from two to three. Dual-pressure valve (3V4) counts from three to zero. TP101 • Festo Didactic

C-111 Solution 20 1A 1S1 1S2 2A 2S1 Fig. 20/4: Circuit design 2S2 1V1 4 2 2V1 4 2 51 3 51 3 3V5 3V6 3Z1 3V1 3V2 3V3 3V4 1S1 1S2 2S1 2S2 2 2 2 2 13 13 13 13 0V2 42 51 3 0V1 0S1 2 13 TP101 • Festo Didactic

C-112 Solution 20 Components list Components Description 0S1 3/2-way valve with push button, normally closed 0V1 One-way flow control valve 0V2 5/2-way single pilot valve 0Z1 Service unit with on-off valve 0Z2 Manifold 1A Double-acting cylinder 1S1 3/2-way roller lever valve, normally closed 1S2 3/2-way roller lever valve, normally closed 1V1 5/2-way double pilot valve 2A Double-acting cylinder 2S1 3/2-way roller lever valve, normally closed 2S2 3/2-way roller lever valve, normally closed 2V1 5/2-way double pilot valve 3V1 Dual pressure valve 3V2 Dual pressure valve 3V3 Dual pressure valve 3V4 Dual pressure valve 3V5 Shuttle valve 3V6 Shuttle valve Follow up Replace the signal input arrangement (0S), (0V1) and (0V2) with a pulse oscillator with the signal frequency f = 1/3 Hz (Hertz), which counts continually. Specifications for the pulse oscillator: - Pneumatic self-latching with “dominant off behaviour” - Time delay valve - Dual pressure and shuttle valves Fig. 20/5: The cylinder (2A) carries out a double movement for each cy- cle. In the case of the cascade control, 3 reversing valves are necessary (see exercise 18). TP101 • Festo Didactic

C-113 Solution 20 Fig. 20/5: Follow up Circuit design solution TP101 • Festo Didactic

C-114 Solution 20 TP101 • Festo Didactic