ICTs and Social media for efficient extension services

Published in August, 2020 Digital Flipbook on Developed & Published by Dr. S.R. VERMA Assistant Professor (M&E) EEI, NILOKHERI, CCS, HAU, HISAR (HARYANA)

Published in August, 2020 Meaning and Definitions of ICTs The word ‘ICT’ stands for \"Information and Communication Technology\". ICT refers to technologies that provide access to information through telecommunications. ▪ ICTs focus on communication technologies. ▪ Global term includes technologies for Manipulation and communication of information. ▪ ICTs includes any medium for recording and broadcasting of information. Definition: ICTs can be defined as electronic and digital technologies for storing, processing, transferring of information and communication. They are enabling technologies that allow quicker and more efficient exchange of information. Example… 2

Modern ICT Tools & Techniques Tools: Techniques: Tools are something you use to do a job. Techniques are procedures used to accomplish specific activity or task. Computer, Laptops, Internet, Websites, E-mail, Internet Telephony (VoIP), Wi-Fi Web Portals Whats App, Face book, twitter Mobile phone, Smart phones, Tablets, Call Centers GPRS, USSD Technology, SMS, Conference Calling Interactive whiteboards E-learning Touch Screen Systems, Information Teleconferencing, Video conferencing Kiosks Expert Systems, Interactive Voice Response Systems GIS, Remote Sensing Technology Digital TV, Scanners, Streaming media Personal Digital Entertainment Devices Podcasts, Vodca3sts, Blogs

Role of ICT in Agriculture ✓ ICT can provide free access to any source of appropriate agricultural technologies to all farmers. ✓ Wide ratio of entrepreneurs/farmers to extension professional. ✓ Right information, at the right time, to the right person, at right place with cost effectiveness is key for decision making. ✓ Information gap among the Researcher - Extension professionals – farmers/ entrepreneurs. ✓ ICTs ensure gender equality and empower women for decision making process. ✓ ICTs have potential to get fast and accurate feedback about the programe, activity, technology applied or informatio4n provided.

Role of ICT in Agriculture ✓ Connect farmers /entrepreneurs to the marketing channels. ✓ Application of ICTs in agriculture sector can provide 24 hr X 7 days access to the demand driven technologies. ✓ ICT can provide need based, personalized and customized technology at the door step of the farmers/entrepreneurs. ✓ ICTs provide cost effective information delivery system. ✓ Information delivery system has been changed from old ways to the modern ways. ✓ Wide gap between the information “haves and have not’s”. ✓ Facilitate communicate in real-time across the wo5rld.

ICTs tools for efficient extension services 1. Expert Systems 2. Touch Screen Systems 3. Information Kiosks 4. Interactive Voice Response Systems (KCC, ) 5. Mobile phone and mobile app (mKisan) 6. Websites, Web Portals 7. Google apps, (You Tube, Gmail, Forms, Drive) 8. Social Media Platforms (fb, Whatsapp, twitter, Insta.) 6

What is Expert System ? An “Expert System” is an intelligent computer programme that uses knowledge and inference procedures to solve problems that are difficult enough and require human expertise for their solution. Conceptual Design Technical & Research Findings Extension bulletins Data, Problems, Question Structured Domain Knowledge Knowledge Expert Engineer Knowledge Base Knowledge, Concepts, Solutions Textbooks Facts Knowledge Acquisition Module 7

Published in August, 2020 Architecture of an Expert System? Knowledge Knowledge User Acquisition Base Interface Module Inference User Engine Domain Expert Explanation Module 8

Published in August, 2020 Why Expert Systems? ▪ Human expertise is scarce & perishable which can be saved and shared. ▪ It allows the organization to replicate its very best people. ▪ Expertise can easily be transferred to other members. ▪ Consistent. ▪ Cost effective. ▪ Efficient. 9

Published in August, 2020 Why Expert Sy.stems in Agriculture Grain Ready to Eat food Bakery Enterprise Vegetable Beverage What should I do? Production Milk Production, Processing, Fisheries & Sea products Marketing Meat & Plantation How ? product Fruits Spices Pulses Oil Crops 1

Published in August, 2020 Decision Support system for Agriculture 1. Fruits 4. Which choice Which choice Milk Production Vegetable requires less is best? Production Production land area ? 2. Which choice Grain Animal 5. processing Production Which choice is income requires less generating? Fishery Spice processing input? 3. Ready to Which choice Eat food 6. requires less Which choice labour? is most profitable? 11

Extension Television worker Who will help The answer of all these questions is: EXPEfRarTmSYerSsTEM Friend in appropriate News paper decision making? Neighbour Magazine 12

Published in August, 2020 Expert systems in agriculture ❑ Rice-Crop Doctor: http://www.rkmp.co.in/ ❑ Rapeseed-Mustard Expert System: http://www.drmr.res.in/dbase_esystem.php ❑ EXOWHEM, wheat expert system: http://www.iasri.res.in/wheat/ ❑ Maize Expert System: http://agridaksh.iasri.res.in/maize.jsp ❑ Expert System on Mushroom: http://agridaksh.iasri.res.in/mushroom.jsp ❑ Weed control systems: ❑ Expert System for Sugarcane : http://agritech.tnau.ac.in/expert_system/sugar/index.html ❑ Banana Expert system: ❑ Expert system for cattle and buffalo, ❑ Expert system on Sheep and Goat, ❑ Expert system on poultry ❑ IGFRI Expert system 13 ❑ Disorder remediation expert system

Touch Screen Kiosks 14 ❑ What is Touch Screen System. ❑ What is Touch screen kiosk. ❑ How the information get available on the Kiosk. ❑ Present application of Touch screen systems. ❑ How touch screen can be used for Agriculture sector.

Information Kiosks 15 What is information kiosk: ❑ In generalized term information kiosks are the public installations wherein computers are installed to make G2C, B2C services accessible to the farming community. ❑ Information kiosk is a hub of information as per the need of the area. What kind of agriculture information get available: ❑ POP. ❑ Plant protection measures. ❑ Nutritional deficiencies and their management. ❑ Symptoms of various pests and diseases and their control. ❑ Video clippings on various agriculture technologies. Major Initiatives: ▪ ITC’s e-Choupal ▪ CICs ▪ CSCs ▪ ISRO’s VRC ▪ NDDB’s Dairy Information Services Kiosk ▪ MSSRF’s Village Knowledge Centres ▪ Rural Internet Kiosks Gyandoot

Interactive Voice Response Service What is IVRS : ❑ IVRS is a technology that allows a computer system to interact with humans through the use of voice and inputs via keypad. ❑ IVRS technology automates interactions with telephone callers. ❑ The system responds with pre recorded or dynamically generated audios to further direct users on how to proceed. Kisan Call Canter Application of IVRS in Food technology: Implementation of IVRS for extension of Agri. Production, protection and marketing technology can be an innovative step for wellbeing of farmers. Most of the quarries raised by farmers are common which can be addressed by IVRS and more complex questions can be solved by direct interaction with experts. 16

Interactive Voice Response Service Caller Recorded Massage Welcome to farmer support system Press 1 : For information on production Technologies Press 2 : For information on Plant protection Technologies Press 3 : For information on Marketing Press 4 : For information on food processing Technologies Press 5 : For information on Government schemes If pressed 1 Press 1 : For Fruit Production Technologies Press 2 : For Vegetable Production Technologies If pressed 1 Press 1 : Mango Production Technology Press 2 : Guava Production Technology Press 3 : Aonla Production Technology If pressed 3 Press 9 : For Expert Advice on Fruit production Technology System will send Recorded Technology 17 on the Mobile phone

Websites, Web Portals Website vs. Web portal: A Web portal is also a type of website but it differs in content and services from a typical website that provides only specialized information. A web portal is a launch pad to a host of web based services such as email, shopping, gaming, news, weather and so on whereas a website is concerned with providing information about a company only. Web portal is indeed a type of website, but it is much more in content and services. A portal is defined in the dictionary as a gateway or an entry point to a grand entrance. Thus a Web portal, in addition to being a website, also acts as a gateway to the internet. For example www.google.com is a website but it also acts as a portal as 18 it gets to you an array of web services.

Websites and Web Portals Dedicated for Agriculture • SMS Portal for Indian Farmers or mkisan: http://mkisan.gov.in 19 •Farmers portal: http://www.farmer.gov.in •AGMARKNET PORTAL: •aAQUA (almost All QUestions Answered) •Agropedia: •ARISNET (Agricultural Research Information System Network): •HORTNET (Horticultural Informatics Network): •SeedNet India Portal: •E-KRISHI KIRAN •Digital Green: Participatory Videos for Agricultural Extension: •e-Krishi Vipanan or e-NAM •e-Sagu (e-Cultivation) •IFFCO Kisan Sanchar Limited (IKSL): • E-Krishi: •Agriwatch portal: •ITC-e-Choupal: •India Gateway Agriculture • ICAR.ORG

Published in August, 2020 New Media / Social Media • Tools and platforms that allow anyone to publish their own writing on the web • Platforms that allow any of us to publish content that can potentially reach anyone with web access, • Allow all of us to become publishers and producers of all kinds of content. • Tools to interact and publish on the World Wide Web (WWW) – Social Media.

Published in August, 2020 Features • Real time • Multimedia capability • Interactivity • Non-linear • Readers as participants in co-creation; user generated content

Published in August, 2020 Social Media - Some platforms Social Networks Facebook, LinkedIn, whatsapp, Instagram Blogs Microblogging- Twitter Online collaboration-Wikis Discussion forums …

Published in August, 2020 Points to keep in mind ✓ Know your Audience: If we know our audience we can connect with them - their interests and needs ✓ Provide Value: Your content must provide value to your audience. ✓ Objective: Before posting a message, determine the objective of your content. ✓ Expand Your Conversation: Share it on other platforms. Give the reader multiple ways/ options to share the content. ✓ Know Your Dimensions: Be aware of how your content will display on different social networks and devices. Cropped inappropriately or appears blurred content will not be shared on social media.

Published in August, 2020 Tips to keep in mind • Does your headline communicate what you’re talking about? Use bold and focused Headlines - one simple, but powerful idea. • Does your image and caption communicate a message? Eye catching visuals • Do your sub headlines summarize your key points? Use sub-headlines every few paragraphs to keep readers engaged and interested in the content. • Do easy-to-scan bullet points reduce wordiness? Bullet points, italics, and bold words are a great way to make major points stand out.

Published in August, 2020 Tips to keep in mind ▪ Length. Majority of content for the Internet is under 1,000 words. ▪ Presentation of Content: Web should have 50% of the word count of its printed equivalent because web users read about 25% slower from computer screens than from paper. ▪ Use social media: Not only for broadcast but for engagement . ▪ News about projects in the field, human interest stories get more attention. ▪ Principles of writing: 7Cs Clear, Concise, Concrete, Correct, Coherent, Complete, and Courteous.

Published in August, 2020 Tips to keep in mind ▪ Language: Grammar ▪ Create timely content ▪ Tell a story ▪ Use a conversational tone ▪ Use simple language ▪ Avoid jargon not commonly understood

Published in August, 2020 Effective Writing - Features 1. Use familiar words 2. Use short paragraphs and one topic per paragraph 3. Use short sentences – twelve on average; 4. Skip unnecessary words; 5. Avoid jargon 6. Avoid the passive tense; 7. Avoid repetition; 8. Address your web visitors directly.

Published in August, 2020 Effective Writing - Features 9. Increase the visual appeal - Replace text by photographs or videos; 10. Consider different font sizes – people scan large text first; 11. Emphasize quotes of experts to add credibility; 12. Break a long headline into a headline with a sub headline; 13. Change paragraphs into bullet points.

Contact Details: Dr. S.R. Verma Email: [email protected], Cell: +91-9414352281

Published in August, 2020 SYMBOL OF TRUST