Aravind_Annual Report 2017-18

ProjectsLAICO provides project management support to the implementation of various projects at Aravind. The supportis in the areas of proposal development, coordination and communication with the funding agency and projectteam for effective implementation of activities, budget utilisation, monitoring and reporting.Projects currently managed by LAICO, (More details in Patient Care section)- ORBIS-REACH Project- SiB- Scope projects - Affordable treatment for low socio-economic patients with painful corneal ulcers, Aravind-Madurai - On-site diagnosis and management of Retinopathy of Prematurity (RoP) in new-born babies, Aravind- Tirunelveli - Enhancing the quality of outreach with better equipment to enhance case detection and developing Electronic Medical Record (EMR) to ensure continuity of care, Aravind-Pondicherry - Equipment support for better diagnosis of corneal ulcers for timely and appropriate surgical intervention, Aravind-Madurai - Developing an enhanced corneal preservative medium, Aravind-Madurai and Aurolab- QEDJT - PHFI Diabetic Retinopathy project, Aravind-Tirunelveli- Eye Care for Tibetan refugees in India, Aravind-Coimbatore- Allergan supported projects on strengthening Diabetic Retinopathy screening and awareness, Aravind-Madurai- FDC Limited, Mumbai supported project on ROP, Aravind-Theni- TOPCON supported Vision for all Project, Aravind-Theni 8QGHUVWDQGLQJ WKH IDFWRUV LQÁXHQFLQJ SDWLHQWV 6. Routine fundus photography screening for posterior who present early and late to diabetic retinopathy segment disease: A stepped-wedge, cluster- services at a tertiary eye hospital in southern India randomized trial in southern India3. Effect of text/voice SMS reminders in improving 7. Evaluation of effectiveness of a low-cost, portable, compliance to follow up among Glaucoma patients accurate autorefractor developed by PlenOptika- Aurolab to provide well-tolerated eyeglass4. Impact of outreach screening camps on walk-in prescriptions patients at an eye hospital. 8. Effectiveness of tele-ophthalmology in diagnosing5. A randomized controlled trial to study the effect of and managing eye diseases in rural southern India peer group education in enhancing comprehension and compliance in patients diagnosed with Primary Open Angle GlaucomaParticipants at the Workshop on Study Design and Manuscript Writing 61

Dr. V with Dr. Leon Ellwein and Dr. Carl Kupfer - Operations Research project meeting in 1985 Dr. V, Dr. R.R. Doshi and Dr. A. Krishnamoorthy at the Xerophthalmia study at Chikodra Eye Hospital, Gujarat in 197162

Aravind’s research activities were considerably Research students at work in the Proteomics lab expanded this year especially with the startof two major research programmes - the Indo-UK anti-fungal drugs and many patients do not respond toproject on Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) and the study treatment. Studies at Aravind aim to develop a modelof serum and urine biomarkers.The long-awaited that can predict the clinical outcome even before thepaediatric genetics project has been initiated with treatment is initiated. This model will help the cornealfunding from the Department of Biotechnology, surgeons to decide on an early surgery for patients whoGovernment of India. As in the previous years, are more likely to be non-responders of anti-fungalthe research activities have been supported by treatment.a generous donation from Sun Pharma.With allthese new initiatives, AMRF is looking forward to In the Diabetic Retinopathy study, a serumreach higher levels of basic research - to understand SURWHRPLFV DSSURDFK DOORZHG WKH LGHQWLÀFDWLRQ RIpathological mechanisms underlying the disease multiple proteins in serum that were altered in DRand translational research - where the outcome of patients. Additional studies are in progress to provebasic research is translated to methods to improve validate a panel of markers that can identify the highdisease management. risk individuals among diabetics who will develop DR or DR patients who might have poor prognosis.ProteomicsProteomics research at Aravind focuses on three eyediseases - Fungal Keratitis, DR and Keratoconus. TheWUDQVODWLRQDO UHVHDUFK DFWLYLWLHV LQYROYH LGHQWLÀFDWLRQof biomarkers with predictive or prognostic values asin Fungal Keratitis and DR or to formulate a newer,effective treatment option as in Keratoconus. FungalKeratitis patients are conventionally treated withWorkshop on Novel chemical cross - linking for the treatment of keratoconus, Aravind-Madurai Research 63

A novel chemical cross-linker for the treatment ofKeratoconus is being developed through a collaborativeproject involving AMRF, Aurolab and the Universityof Liverpool. This treatment option is currently beingevaluated as an alternative to conventional UV-A cross-linking treatment. Efforts are on to develop a clinicalpackaging and a topical eye-drop formulation of thecross-linker by Aurolab for further trials.Stem Cell Biology Ocular pharmacology labThe focus of research in this department is to intraocular pressure (IOP) as a side effect in susceptibleunderstand the basic biology of adult tissue resident individuals and a certain proportion of them willstem cells in the human eye. Extensive studies were develop glaucoma. Further, the treatment of steroid incarried out on stem cells of the corneal epithelium POAG patients will aggravate the disease condition- limbal epithelial stem cells with reference to its leading to blindness. The increased IOP is caused byLGHQWLÀFDWLRQ DQG TXDQWLÀFDWLRQ DV ZHOO DV FXOWXULQJ changes in a tissue called Trabecular Meshwork (TM)these stem cells for corneal surface reconstruction in the eye. However, the molecular mechanism for suchLQ SDWLHQWV ZLWK OLPEDO VWHP FHOO GHÀFLHQF\ ZLWK changes in TM is not clearly understood. The team is25% success. The current thrust of research is on culturing the anterior segment of the human cadaverunderstanding the molecular regulation of these limbal H\HV WR DQVZHU WKLV TXHVWLRQ 6WXGLHV DUH XQGHUZD\ WRepithelial stem cells by the small, non-coding RNA identify the list of differentially expressed genes related- miRNAs. A new project on trabecular meshwork to steroid responsiveness and non-responsiveness.VWHP FHOOV KDV EHHQ LQLWLDWHG WR LGHQWLI\ TXDQWLI\ DQGunderstand their role in ageing and Glaucoma. Thus Molecular Geneticselucidating the basic biology of these adult stem cellswill enable the team to develop better cell-based The department focuses its research to identifytherapy for both corneal surface disorders and primary candidate genes in the development of POAG,open angle glaucoma. which will improve understanding towards the pathophysiological mechanism of the disease, accuracyOcular Pharmacology of diagnosis and treatment regimen. Genetic basis of primary angle closure glaucoma in south IndianThe main focus of research is to understand the patients is also being investigated. Unlike the westernmolecular mechanism(s) involved in the pathogenesis world, Macular Corneal Dystrophy (MCD) is theand to develop appropriate inhibitors for the most common corneal stromal dystrophy in India. Themanagement of the major form of glaucoma, i.e. Primary disease is highly prevalent in south Indian populationOpen Angle Glaucoma (POAG) and Glucocorticoid DV UHSRUWHG ZKLFK FRXOG EH GXH WR KLJK IUHTXHQF\ RI(GC) induced Ocular Hypertension (OHT)/glaucoma. consanguineous marriages. In POAG, the role of Rho A/ROCK signaling in the Research in Retinoblastoma (RB) is focused onpathogenesis of glaucoma is being investigated and the developing molecular methods for early detection ofdevelopment of Rho Kinase Inhibitors (RKI) as a new the tumor and understanding the mechanism of theclass of IOP lowering drugs for its management. In this tumor development and treatment failure. Currently,line, a new molecule (SB77) has been tested for its IOP a rapid and sensitive method of mutation detection islowering property in normal and mechanical stress being employed for RB1 genetic testing. This methodex vivo model systems. The tested molecule showed was developed indigenously for cutting down thepromising results and may be a potential candidate forthe management of glaucoma. 6WHURLG LV DQ H[FHOOHQW DQWLLQÁDPPDWRU\ DJHQWXVHG IRU WKH PDQDJHPHQW RI YDULRXV LQÁDPPDWRU\ H\Hdiseases. Extended usage of steroids causes increased64

Molecular Genetics Laboratory information such as pathogen load, which informs the VHYHULW\ RI LQIHFWLRQ 8VLQJ WKH PROHFXODU VHTXHQFLQJ RIFRVW IRU WKH EHQHÀW RI SDWLHQWV 7KLV PHWKRG RI JHQHWLF the bacterial and fungal DNA, new novel species causingtesting is now also available for adult patients who ocular infection which was not reported previouslyare under regular follow-up and willing to know the ZHUH DOVR LGHQWLÀHG 7KH WHDP DOVR HPSOR\HG PXWOLrisk of developing secondary malignancies and also ORFXV VHTXHQFH W\SLQJ 0/67 IRU WKH LGHQWLÀFDWLRQRetinoblastoma in their offspring. Aravind-Madurai RI WKH )XVDULXP VS ZKLFK LV GLIÀFXOW WR LGHQWLI\ E\offers this service for RB patients across the country. conventional microbiological methods like culturingFor studying the mechanism of tumor development, a and microscopy.customised gene panel was developed and used for theanalysis of copy number loss or gains in retinoblastoma Apart from the routine diagnosis, the lab is alsoassociated genes and mutations in the tumor associated actively engaged in understanding the pathogenesis ofgenes. The gene expression levels corresponding to the bacterial and fungal pathogens. Pathogens exhibitthe changes were also being studied. Towards the various mechanisms of drug resistance, drug tolerance,understanding of the treatment failure in few patients, virulence and intracellular survival patterns to protectthe expression of the genes encoding drug transporter themselves from antibiotics and host innate defenses.pumps were studied and found to be differentially Further work is in progress to screen for gene mutationsregulated in RB. Apart from the genomic alterations, and underlying molecular mechanism responsible fornew studies focusing on the role of epigenetics where the antibiotic resistance in both bacterial and fungalWKH FKDQJHV DUH QRW GLUHFWO\ REVHUYHG DW WKH VHTXHQFH pathogens.level are also being carried out. The department is also involved in the Asia CorneaOcular Microbiology Society of Infectious Keratitis Study which is a multi- centre study involving national and international eyeThe major research focus is on developing and institutes from the Asian continent.evaluating the more sensitive and reliable molecularmethods for the diagnosis of ocular pathogens and also Bioinformaticson elucidating the cellular and molecular events thatdetermine disease progression and treatment outcome The primary focus is to develop and applyin corneal infections. The lab employed conventional bioinformatics methods for analysing genomicPCR, Nested PCR and multiplex PCR as part of routine variations associated with eye diseases and discoveringGLDJQRVLV DORQJ ZLWK PLFURELRORJLFDO ÀQGLQJV hidden biological knowledge in the next generation VHTXHQFH GDWD VHWV $Q DXWRPDWHG SLSHOLQH GHYHORSHG Currently, the team standardised conditions for the IRU FOLQLFDO H[RPH VHTXHQFLQJ GDWD VHW \LHOGHGreal time PCR targeting viral pathogens (HSV, VZV accurate variant calling for whole exome data sets ofand CMV), Toxoplasma, Mycobacterium, Bacterial 16s patients with eye diseases. Rare and novel disease-rDNA and Fungal 28rDNA. Real time PCR are far more FDXVLQJ YDULDQWV ZHUH LGHQWLÀHG LQ SDWLHQWV ZLWKreliable, less time consuming and provide additional Retinoblastoma and POAG. A study on ocular isolates from keratitis patients was carried out to link genetic basis of bacteria with different outcome of the patients by combining clinical DQG ZKROH JHQRPH VHTXHQFLQJ GDWD P.aeruginosa isolates from keratitis patients who underwent surgery prefer either ExoU or ExoS for the infection, not both the SKHQRW\SH 7KH\ DOVR FDUU\ ÁL& JHQH RU PXOWLSOH GUXJ UHVLVWDQFH PHFKDQLVPV )XUWKHU LGHQWLÀFDWLRQ RI virulence associated genes and deeper understanding RI GUXJ UHVLVWDQFH LV EHLQJ FDUULHG RXW WR ÀQG WKH reasons for treatment failure and suggest better disease management. 65

Conferences/Workshops Conducted Clinicians from various centres of Aravind Eye Hospital, researchers from AMRF, University of Liverpool,24th Annual Meeting of Indian Eye Research Narayana Nethralaya and representatives of AurolabGroup: ARVO-India Chapter attended this meeting.July 29-30, 2017 Brainstorming Session on Proteomics inAt the meeting hosted by Aravind-Madurai, a total of Health Care146 participants attended including 30 invited faculty.The meeting had 103 presentations; two orations, 15 January 4, 2018invited talks, 17 free papers and 69 posters. Special The main objective of this session was to emphasisebreakout sessions on recent advances in Microbiology the growing importance of proteomics in health care.and Immunology, Genomics and Proteomics, Cell and ([SHUWV LQ WKH ÀHOG RI SURWHRPLFV QDPHO\Molecular Biology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Prof. Kumaravel Somasundaram, Indian Institute ofand Clinician Researcher Interface were conducted to Science; Prof. S. Karuthapandian, Alagappa University;discuss the current status in India. Prof. Balamurugan, Alagappa University and Dr. Kathiresan, Kalasalingam University delivered talks. 7KH PHHWLQJ ZDV VXSSRUWHG ÀQDQFLDOO\ E\ WKH The speakers provided a detailed description of theirDepartment of Biotechnology, Science and Engineering UHVHDUFK ÀQGLQJV DQG KRZ SURWHRPLFV ZDV XVHG DV WKHResearch Board, Indian Council of Medical Research, technology platform in their research.&RXQFLO RI 6FLHQWLÀF DQG ,QGXVWULDO 5HVHDUFK DV ZHOOas by the sponsorship from Spinco Biotech Pvt. Ltd., 16th Research Advisory Committee MeetingAgilent Technologies, Fortune Bioservices Pvt. Ltd.,GE Healthcare, Genotypic Technology Pvt. Ltd. and March 24, 2018Ponmani Chem-Glass Agencies. Faculty members of AMRF presented their work and received feedback. Poster presentations by the researchWorkshop on Novel Chemical Cross-linking for scholars and clinicians were evaluated by a panelthe Treatment of Keratoconus consisting of Dr. Ch.Mohan Rao, Former Director and Sir JC Bose National Fellow, Centre for Cellular andNovember 18, 2017 Molecular Biology, Hyderabad; Prof. S. Karuthapandian,The main objective of this workshop held at Madurai Head, Department of Biotechnology, Alagappawas to bring together clinicians and researchers on University, Karaikudi; Prof. S. Murty Srinivasula, Schoola single platform to discuss the importance of the of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education andnovel chemical cross-linker being developed to treat Research, Thiruvananthapuram and Dr. Sharmila,Keratoconus and its advantages over the conventional Medical Consultant, Glaucoma Services, AravindUV-crosslinking. The novel cross-linker is being tested Eye Hospital, Madurai. K. Lavanya, Department ofthrough a collaborative project involving University Immunology and Stem Cell Biology was selected forof Liverpool, Aravind Eye Hospital, Aravind Medical Prof. VR. Muthukkaruppan Endowment award. PostersResearch Foundation and Aurolab. IURP $UDYLQG&RLPEDWRUH ZHUH VHOHFWHG IRU WKH ÀUVW DQG second place respectively in the poster competition heldPoster presentation at RAC Meeting for clinicians. Internal Capacity Building - K. Lavanya, Junior Research Fellow visited the research facility at Schepens Eye Research Institute, Boston and Rockefeller University, New York in June 2017. - S.Yogapriya, Junior Research Fellow visited Dr. Ula Jurknas lab at Schepens Eye Research Institute and Dr. Janey Wiggs lab at Massachusetts Eye and Ear Hospital, Boston in June 2017. - Mohd Hussain Shah, Senior Research Fellow visited the research facility at National Eye Institute (NEI),66

Bethesda in May 2017 and got an opportunity to Ongoing Clinical Research interact with the scientists there and present his research work. CataractOngoing Basic Research Projects - APEX-A prospective, multicentric, randomised controlled, study on long term outcomes of- Research on Human Mycotic Keratitis 3KDFRHPXOVLÀFDWLRQ ZLWK LQWUDRFXODU OHQV- Predictive biomarkers for diabetic retinopathy among implantation in pseudo exfoliation syndrome patients GLDEHWLFV DQG VWDJH VSHFLÀF ELRPDUNHUV IRU 13'5 DQG - A prospective, non-randomized, single arm, open PDR. ODEHO 6WXG\ WR HYDOXDWH WKH HIÀFDF\ RI PXOWLIRFDO LQWUD- Pathogenic Aspergillus: Interaction with innate ocular lenses with patients having cataract in both immune cells eyes- Prospective multicentre discovery and validation of diagnostic circulating and urinary biomarkers and - Visual performance comparison between development of sensor(s) to detect sight threatening 3KDFRHPXOVLÀFDWLRQ DQG PDQXDO VPDOO LQFLVLRQ diabetic retinopathy - biomarker and biosensor study cataract surgery in eyes with senile Cataract - A in UK and India prospective randomised clinical trial- Functional analysis of circulating microRNAs and their regulatory role in Diabetic Retinopathy  3URVWDJODQGLQ OHYHO HVWLPDWLRQ LQ SKDFRHPXOVLÀFDWLRQ- Novel chemical cross-linking of the cornea for the and Femtosecond laser assisted cataract surgery treatment of Keratoconus with and without NSAID and correlation with post-- Molecular genetics of Macular Corneal Dystrophy RSHUDWLYH LQÁDPPDWLRQ DQG F\VWRLG PDFXODU HGHPD (MCD) in Indian population- Genetic and transcript analysis of RB1 gene in south  3URVSHFWLYH LQWUDFDPHUDO PR[LÁR[DFLQ HQGRWKHOLDO Indian retinoblastoma patients safety study in patients having cataract surgery- Genetics of Retinal Dystrophies comparing 500 mcg/0.1 ml in one eye and 250- Understanding the molecular mechanisms of mcg/0.1ml in the opposite eye. chemoresistance in Retinoblastoma- Molecular characterization of tumor progression in - Evaluation of posterior capsular changes, IOL Retinoblastoma glistening and visual outcome after implantation of- Limbal miRNAs and their potential targets associated Vivinex TM intraocular lens (IOL) in routine clinical with the maintenance of stemness practice- Characterization and functional evaluation of trabecular meshwork stem cells in Glaucoma - Visual outcomes of SMART SICS pathogenesis - A retrospective study of causes of poor- Studying the Role of Rho A – Rock Signalling in FRQYHQWLRQDO RXWÁRZ SDWKZD\ XVLQJ +XPDQ 2UJDQ visual outcome in cataract surgery patients Culture Anterior Segment (HOCAS) SKDFRHPXOVLÀFDWLRQ- Role of miRNA in the regulation of Glucocorticoid - Comparative study of pre-operative reference Receptor (GR) signalling and development of new marking for Toric Intraocular lens by manual toric therapeutics for Steroid-induced glaucoma marker over slit-lamp and by electronic device- Clinical exome analysis pipeline for eye disease next- (ASICO TORIC MARKER) JHQHUDWLRQ VHTXHQFLQJ SDQHO - Comparison of intraoperative posterior capsular rent- Translational genomics of paediatric eye diseases (PCR) and Zonular dialysis (ZD) in mature cataracts- Diagnostic markers for Ocular Tuberculosis LQ 6,&6 DQG 3KDFRHPXOVLÀFDWLRQ DW $UDYLQG (\H- Analysis of bacterial persistence mechanisms Hospital, Madurai in recalcitrant ocular pseudomonas aeruginosa infections Uvea- KAP studies on risk factors of ocular leptospirosis in south and using KAP as a parameter of impact  (IÀFDF\ DQG VDIHW\ RI SRVWHULRU VXEWHQRQ·V evaluation of the diseases triamcinolone acetonide,intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide, intravitreal bevacizumab, intravitreal ozurdex for treatment of uveitic cystoid macula edema - First-Line Antimetabolites as Steroid-sparing Treatment (FAST) Uveitis Trial - Development of ocular diagnostic criteria for Behçet disease uveitis. 67

Glaucoma Neuro-Ophthalmology- A clinical validation study for evaluating the - A phase 2/3, randomized, double-masked, sham- performance of RIA-G software for automated controlled trial of QPI-1007 delivered by single detection of optic nerve head changes on fundus or multi-dose intravitreal injection(s) to subjects photographs/images with Acute Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy- Validation of the Compressed Assessment of Ability Related to Vision (CAARV), a performance based  4XDQWLÀFDWLRQ RI 5HODWLYH $IIHUHQW 3XSLOODU\ 'HIHFW measure, in a south Indian population with Glaucoma (RAPD) by an automated pupillometer (RAPID) and its relationship to visual acuity, color vision, visual- A correlative study of pupillary response as measured ÀHOGV EHIRUH DQG DIWHU WUHDWPHQW RI SDWLHQWV ZLWK by automated monocular pupillometer (Neuroptics optic neuritis and Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic SOUŒ ZLWK UHWLQDO QHUYH ÀEHU OD\HU WKLFNQHVV Optic Neuropathy (NAION). DQG YLVXDO ÀHOG LQ YDU\LQJ VHYHULWLHV RI JODXFRPD Retina- Surgical outcome of piggyback intraocular OHQV LPSODQWDWLRQ DIWHU SKDFRHPXOVLÀFDWLRQ LQ - Microperimetry biofeedback training in patients with nanophthalmic eyes irreversible bilateral vision deterioration (QGRWKHOLDO FHOO ORVV DIWHU SKDFRHPXOVLÀFDWLRQ LQ - CLS1003-301, SAPPHIRE: A randomized, masked, nanophthalmic eyes undergoing cataract surgery FRQWUROOHG WULDO WR VWXG\ WKH VDIHW\ DQG HIÀFDF\ of suprachoroidal CLS-TA in conjunction with- Clinical and histopathological correlation of the ,QWUDYLWUHDO $ÁLEHUFHSW LQ VXEMHFWV ZLWK 5HWLQDO 9HLQ sclera in nanophthalmic eyes undergoing cataract Occlusion surgery - ARDA (Automated Detection Algorithm) Assisted- Robison D. Harley, MD CGRN International Read study protocol pediatric Glaucoma Registry - Rainbow Extension study: an extension study- Peony study: A phase III, randomized, observer- WR HYDOXDWH WKH ORQJ WHUP HIÀFDF\ DQG VDIHW\ RI masked, active-controlled, parallel-group, Ranibizumab compared with laser therapy for multinational and multicenter study assessing the the treatment of infants born prematurely with VDIHW\ DQG HIÀFDF\ RI '( RSKWKDOPLF VROXWLRQ Retinopathy of Prematurity 0.002% compared with latanoprost Ophthalmic Solution 0.005% in subjects with Open-angle - A phase III randomised, double-masked, parallel glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension JURXS PXOWLFHQWUH VWXG\ WR FRPSDUH WKH HIÀFDF\ safety, pharmacokinetics and immunogenicity- A prospective study to evaluate the reasons for between SB11 (proposed ranibizumab biosimilar) and hospital visit among patients with primary Glaucoma Lucentis® in subjects with neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration- The Asia Primary Tube versus Trab study- Web based personalised education To Improve - Comparative study of visual and functional outcomes in polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy with respect to Glaucoma Medication Adherence the presence of pachychoroid features- Knowledge and Medication adherence in glaucoma - Antibiotic sensitivity trends of Pseudomonas patients in South India- Hospital based study endophthalmitis in a tertiary eye care centre in South 4XDQWLÀFDWLRQ RI 5HODWLYH $IIHUHQW 3XSLOODU\ 'HIHFW India: A 12- year retrospective study (RAPD) by an automated pupillometer (RAPID) and  )DFWRUV LQÁXHQFLQJ VFOHUHFWRP\ FORVXUH LQ * LWV UHODWLRQVKLS WR UHWLQDO QHUYH ÀEHU OD\HU WKLFNQHVV transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy - A DQG 9LVXDO ÀHOGV LQ YDU\LQJ VHYHULW\ RI JODXFRPD retrospective comparative study- Anterior segment OCT imaging of conjunctival ÀOWHULQJ EOHEV DIWHU PLWRP\FLQ & 00& DXJPHQWHG  )OXLGVLOLFRQH RLO H[FKDQJH RYHU 3HUÁXRURFDUERQ trabeculectomy versus ologen augmented /LTXLG WR DYRLG LQIXVLRQ MHW LQGXFHG UHWLQHFWRP\ trabeculectomy dislodgement- Anterior segment OCT imaging of conjunctival ÀOWHULQJ EOHEV DIWHU PLWRP\FLQ & 00& $XJPHQWHG - Retrospective analysis of the outcomes of diabetic combined surgery: subtenon injection versus soaked Vitrectomy from a tertiary eye care centre sponges - Effect of Pachychoroid Features on Visual andVision Rehabilitation functional outcomes in polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy- Hospital anxiety and depression scale assessment of patients with low vision before and after using low - Clinical and molecular diagnosis of selected retinal vision care: A prospective study in a tertiary eye-care dystrophies setting68

8VLQJ GLDJQRV\V IXOOÀHOG VWLPXOXV WKUHVKROG WHVWLQJ Health Services Research ')67 WR FRPSDUH GDUN DGDSWLYH GHÀFLWV LQ SDWLHQWV with non-proliferative and proliferative diabetic - Routine fundus photography for screening of retinopathy posterior segment disease in patients visiting vision centres 4XDQWLÀFDWLRQ RI 5$3' E\ DXWRPDWHG SXSLOORPHWHU and its relationship with VISUAL ACUITY and AMD - Patient experience: A comparison between tele- dimension ophthalmology and face to face eye care consultation- Prospective study comparing differences in surgical - A probable change in the trend of uptake of eye care Performances of internal limiting membrane peeling VHUYLFHV LQ FRPPXQLW\ RXWUHDFK FDPSV  $ TXDOLWDWLYH for macular hole surgery between digitally assisted Study and analog microscrope visualisation - Assessment of the health seeking behaviour among- A comparative study to analyse the outcomes of large cataract patients in the hospital vs. community - A macular holes operated with ILMP with inverted descriptive cross sectional study ÁDS YHUVXV DXWRORJRXV SODWHOHW LQMHFWLRQ YHUVXV conventional surgery - Understanding the factors that affect patients with glaucoma presenting early and late to a tertiary eye- Mechanical effects of silicone oil Vs. gas tamponade hospital in southern India on foveal and choroidal thickness using Enhanced Depth Imaging (EDI) OCT  8QGHUVWDQGLQJ WKH IDFWRUV LQÁXHQFLQJ SDWLHQWV ZKR present early and late to diabetic retinopathy servicesPaediatric Ophthalmology at a tertiary level eye hospital- Visual functions as determinants and VEP as - Effect of Text/Voice SMS reminders in improving predictor of response to the treatment in Amblyopia compliance to follow up among Glaucoma patients- Visual dysfunction in Autism Spectrum Disorders - Impact of outreach screening camps on walk-in 6DIHW\ DQG HIÀFDF\ RI (G $WURSLQH  IRU FRQWURO patients at an eye hospital of progression of myopia - A randomised controlled trial to study the effect of- Study of accommodation in patients with Idiopathic peer group education in enhancing comprehension and compliance in patients diagnosed with primary Infantile Nystagmus (IIN) open angle glaucoma- Assessment of distance and near stereoacuity, - Routine fundus photography screening for posterior fusional amplitudes in patients with IXT and their segment disease: change after surgery- Assessment of reading visual acuity in patients with - A stepped-wedge, cluster-randomized trial in nystagmus southern India- Translational genomics of paediatric eye diseases- Analysis of the characteristics and etiological factors - Evaluation of effectiveness of a low-cost, portable, of headache among various age group of paediatric accurate autorefractor developed by Plen Optika- patients presenting to tertiary eye care centre Aurolab to provide well-tolerated eyeglass- Outcomes of paediatric open globe injuries - A prescriptions prospective study - Effectiveness of tele-ophthalmology in diagnosing andCornea managing eye diseases in rural Southern India- In vitro antibiotic susceptibility trends of Clinical Trials – Aurolab Pseudomonas species isolated from corneal ulcer - To study the safety and performance of high refractive- Outcomes of collagen cross linking in thin corneas - A index (HRI) cast molded hydrophobic intra ocular retrospective study lenses (IOLs) with age-related cataract patients- Outcomes of collagen cross linking in paediatric  7R LQYHVWLJDWH WKH VDIHW\ DQG HIÀFDF\ RI Keratoconus - A retrospective study SKDFRHPXOVLÀFDWLRQ FDWDUDFW VXUJHU\ LQ FDVHV KDYLQJ small pupil with the aid of iris hooks- Microbiological and clinical outcomes of corneal collagen crosslinking in bacterial keratitis - A - A prospective, non-randomised, single arm, open randomised control trial label study to evaluate the safety and performance of yellow hydrophobic aspheric intraocular lens (IOL) &OLQLFDO PLFURELRORJLFDO DQG WUHDWPHQW SURÀOH RI for the treatment of cataract Dematiaceous fungal corneal ulcer, a retrospective study - A prospective, non-randomised, single arm, open label study to evaluate the performance of Multifocal intraocular lenses with patients having cataract in both eyes. 69

Aurolab’s growth and product development New Products continue to be driven by its philosophyto manufacture and supply high quality Hummingbirdproducts at affordable prices.The year sawthe launch of Hummingbird, Aurolab’s high Hummingbird is the machine of choice for everyprecision phacoemulsification unit.The market’s cataract specialist looking for skill enhancingoverwhelming response to the product has been FXWWLQJ HGJH SUHFLVLRQ 7KH VWDWHRIWKHDUW ÁXLGLFVvery encouraging. Aurolab’s multifocal IOL too is makes it easy to use and provides the best qualityreceiving positive feedback from the ophthalmic promising minimum invasiveness and maximumcommunity. Study carried out on 160 patients effectiveness.implanted with this IOL shows that the visualoutcome from implanting this lens is in par with the e-seebest in the industry. Aurolab developed a low-cost hand-held auto With the addition of 115kW solar power panels refractometer in collaboration with MIT spin-outspreading an area of 16,000 sq.ft on the rooftop, Plenoptika. The built-in Plenoptika WavefrontAurolab’s capacity of producing renewable energy Refractive Engine (WRE) technology ensures verycrossed 1000 units of power per day. fast and accurate testing process, thus helping the eye care professional perform refraction within aAurolab stall at All India Ophthalmic Conference, Coimbatore minute. Aurovue EV Gold Aurolab launched Aurovue EV Gold, a yellow hydrophobic, negative aspheric, foldable preloaded LQWUDRFXODU OHQV 7KH \HOORZ RSWLF SDUWLDOO\ ÀOWHUV blue light and provides protection to the retina. The negative aberration optic is similar to the clear Aurovue EV IOL and provides good contrast sensitivity.

e-see The haptics of Aurovue EV Gold has been designedAurovue EV Gold WR ÀW LQ WKH FDSVXODU EDJ RI YDULHG VL]HV DQG LW adapts well to the post-operative retraction of the Hummingbird capsular bag and ensures centration and stability of the lens. Product portfolio extensions Paediatric Cionni Capsular Tension Ring (CTR) was developed as an addition to the range of Aurolab’s Cionni CTRs to be used in paediatric patients to stabilise the capsular bag in case of GDPDJHG RU PLVVLQJ ]RQXOH A questionnaire to help the counsellors identify the right candidates for multifocal IOLs and an online tool to check the post-operative vision were developed. Marketing Activities Hummingbird, Aurolab’s phaco unit was unveiled by Dr. Alan Crandall and Dr. G. Natchiar at the Comprehensive Cataract Conference held in Chennai on December 1, 2017. 7KH RIÀFLDO ODXQFK RI e-see autorefractor was done at the All India Ophthalmic Conference held in Coimbatore from February 22-25, 2018. Aravind-Aurolab Phaco Training Centre at Aravind-Salem was inaugurated on November 25, 2017. The centre provides hands-on training for trainee surgeons and practicing surgeons to perfect their surgical skills. A live surgery session was sponsored during the silver jubilee of Aravind Glaucoma Education Service (AGES 25) held at Aravind Eye Hospital, Pondicherry. Dr. George V Puthuran Chief-Glaucoma Services, Aravind-Madurai performed the live surgery using Aurolab Aqueous Drainage Implant. $XURODE RUJDQLVHG WKH DQQXDO PHHW RI LWV ÀHOG staff from May 2 to 4, 2017 in Chennai. Mr. Vishnu Prasad, Manager-International Marketing delivered a talk on Aravind Eye Care System (AECS) and Aurolab at the 3rd NationalManufacturing Ophthalmic Supplies 71

Oculoplasty Conference 2017 held in Kathmandu, - Annual Conference of American Academy ofNepal in October 2017. Ophthalmology, New Orleans, USA, Nov 11-14, 2017 Aravind / Aurolab model was recognised asone among the Top Social Entrepreneurs in India - General Assembly of International Associationat I’Preneur 2017 organised by Tata Institute of of Prevention of Blindness, Kathmandu, Nepal,Social Sciences on December 9 and 10, 2017. Vishnu September 17-18, 2017Prasad, gave a presentation on the business model At the All India Ophthalmic Conference held atof AECS providing compassionate eye care servicesto all without compromising on quality. Coimbatore from February 22 to 25, 2018, premiumThe 5th Aurolab Sales Training (ASTRA) SURGXFWV VXFK DV 'ÀQH +XPPLQJELUG DQG e-seeprogramme was conducted in LAICO from January were promoted. e-see attracted a good number of22 to 31, 2018 for the newly recruited sales staff. visitors and the team gave hands-on demo to over 500 visitors. Aurolab took part in the 18th Foundation Daycelebrations of Indo-US Science and Technology Aurolab took part in several state-level andForum and showcased the low cost, portable auto regional ophthalmic conferences. In recent years,refractometer. Aurolab also participated in a few non-ophthalmic conferences such as Annual Conference of IIM Calcutta Innovation Park in association Association of Plastic Surgeons of India, Worldwith Department of Science and Technology, Congress of Optometry and All India OptometryGovernment of India launched Smart Fifty-50 Conference.solutions to transform India. Out of 15,000applications, Aurolab-Plenoptika product, e-see / HR ActivitiesQuicksee was recognised as one of the Smart FiftyLQQRYDWLRQV DW WKH JUDQG ÀQDOH KHOG RQ 0DUFK  Several welfare activities were carried out2018. throughout the year ensuring the holistic development of employees. Healthcare awareness Aurolab conducted a programme for the nurses lectures and yoga sessions have proved to be ofof Aravind-Coimbatore on May 26-27, 2017 to great use to them. All the festivals were celebratedfamiliarise them with the uses and features of with great vigor. The biennial cultural-cum-sportsAurolab products. event, Auroutsav was celebrated with great team spirit. XXVIth annual day was celebrated withRegulatory Activities elaborate programmes. To provide a break from the monotonous work schedule, staff and employeesThe ISO and CE Surveillance audits were carried were taken on excursions to various places.out successfully. Preloaded yellow hydrophobicIOL, and multifocal IOL are awaiting CE Participants of Aurolab Sales Training programmeFHUWLÀFDWLRQ $ WRWDO RI  SURGXFWV UHFHLYHGUHJLVWUDWLRQ FHUWLÀFDWH LQ  FRXQWULHV *03 DXGLWhas been successfully done by Ghana, Philippines,8NUDLQH DQG 7DQ]DQLDProminent Tradeshows attended- Annual Conference of American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgeons, Los Angeles, USA, May 6-8, 2017- Annual Conference of European Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgeons, Lisbon, Portugal, October 7-10, 201772

CENTRAL FUNCTIONSHuman Resources DevelopmentSeveral initiatives ensuring the holistic developmentof staff on a personal as well as professional level wereconducted across all Aravind facilities. Professionaleducation programmes were arranged regularly toupdate staff on the latest trends in their respectiveÀHOGVRetreat to Rejuvenate Participants of Cataract Retreat with Dr. Alan Crandall at Aravind-MaduraiAt Aravind the word Retreat is used when groups ofpeople engaged in the same work across all facilities aspects of service delivery. Discussions on improvinggather and think together away from their routine work. the effectiveness of training programmes, developingRetreats give an opportunity for staff to deliberate new materials and identifying research priorities for theon the challenges faced and discuss plans towards future, were also held.providing better patient care, improving researchand training. Retreat for the staff of Glaucoma clinics Towards Developing Mid Level Ophthalmicacross the centres was organised at Sri Aurobindo Personnel (MLOP)Society and Pegasus Institute at Pondicherry onDecember 15, 2017. Dr. David Friedman, Director-Dana MLOPs form a major part of Aravind’s workforce andCentre for Preventive Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye so, several programmes were initiated to enhance theirInstitute, Baltimore facilitated the session which was performance. Rubrics method of evaluating their clinicalattended by 33 persons from all Aravind Glaucoma skills is in progress. This will help ensure the quality ofservices, including consultants, managers, MLOPs and care offered. CMEs, clinical skill development sessionscoordinators. and several hands-on training programmes were arranged on various subjects to keep them updated on Retreat for the staff of Cataract clinics was held on WKH ODWHVW GHYHORSPHQWV 3URÀFLHQW LQ WKH NQRZOHGJHDecember 6, 2017. Dr. Alan Crandall, Moran Eye Centre, and skill in their area of expertise, several of the MLOPsUniversity of Utah; Dr. R.D. Ravindran, Chairman, now present papers at conferences.AECS and Dr. Haripriya Aravind, Chief, CataractServices, Aravind-Chennai facilitated the discussions.Thirty one participants from various Aravind Cataractservices attended the retreat and discussed thepre-operative, intra-operative and post-operative Participants of Glaucoma Retreat with Dr. David Friedman 73

Ms. Muthulakshmi at the 4th World Congress of Paediatric ESI medical camp at Aravind-MaduraiOphthalmology & Strabismus, HyderabadEmployee Engagement Initiatives Employee Welfare InitiativesAlignment with the mission and values is crucial to any A get-together was organised for the families of visionorganisation’s success. Through Fetzer project, a team of centre technicians at Aravind-Tirunelveli on Decemberresearchers within and outside of Aravind put together 17, 2017 to motivate them to provide the necessarythe value system of Aravind. A series of workshops support to these staff. This gave an opportunity fornamed ‘The Aravind Way’ was organised to share and the family members to understand and appreciate theYDOLGDWH $UDYLQG·V YDOXH V\VWHP DQG DOVR FROOHFWLYHO\ ÀQG service rendered to the community by these technicians.ways to strengthen it. Around 250 senior employees Special yoga and meditation sessions were organisedand leaders from across the system participated in 6 for the senior MLOPs and administrative staff atworkshops conducted at Madurai, Pondicherry and Arivu Thirukovil, Aliyar. Close to 200 staff fromDindigul. different Aravind centres participated and have greatly EHQHÀWWHG In times when healthcare is suffering from trustGHÀFLW LW LV LPSRUWDQW WR UHNLQGOH WKH EDVLF KXPDQ In addition to the annual health check-up organisedvalues of love, compassion and kindness alive. A 6-week for the employees, HR department at Aravind-Laddership course was piloted in collaboration with Madurai arranged a medical camp in association withService Space to help participants explore these values. Employees’ State Insurance (ESI) in the hospitalA few of Aravind doctors also participated. There are premises on March 16, 2018. Doctors from differentplans to scale this programme for a larger pool. specialities Gynaecology, Dentistry, ENT, Orthopaedics, Dermatology as well as Siddha, Homeopathy andGet-together programme for vision centre staff at Aravind-Tirunelveli74

Staff members at the sale organised by the residents at Auroutsav, Aravind-CoimbatoreAravind-Madurai Entertainment ActivitiesAyurvedha were roped in which provided a uniqueopportunity for the employees to have their complete Auroutsav, the biennial art-sports- and literaryhealth check-up done under one roof. About 525 staff competitions for the staff of Aravind Eye Care Systemmade use of this unique opportunity. was conducted over a period of two weeks. The programme saw widespread participation from various Financial support to the education of children were cadres of staff who were divided into 5 groups nameddisbursed to about 250 employees across the centres. after various regions of the country - Northern, Eastern, Western, Central and Southern India. The 30 oddMaking a Difference competitions brought out the hidden talents among WKH VWDII DQG PRUH VLJQLÀFDQWO\ FDPDUDGHULH DPRQJ WKHAs part of the social responsibility programme, team members.postgraduates in ophthalmology conducted anexhibition-cum-sale of products made by visually Kodaikondattamchallenged women from the Rehabilitation Center for Janakiamma Child Care Centre at Aravind-MaduraiBlind Women, Trichy on January 10, 2018 at Aravind- organised a summer camp for the children of employees.Madurai. The programme witnessed extraordinary Fifty children in the age group of 7 to 13 participated insalesmanship by the residents who turned enterprising the well planned camp, which included treks, outboundsales persons and helped in the sales of products worth learning sessions and several educational programmes.over Rs.2 lakh. Summer Camp for staff children at Aravind-Madurai The annual charity fest, Angaadi provided a uniqueshopping experience to the staff of Aravind-Maduraiand Pondicherry. The amount collected through the saleof products was donated to charity organisations.Angaadi at Aravind-Pondicherry 75

Information Technology and Systems synchronised from mobile application or windows PC application. The tool can also generate the necessaryIT and systems play a major role in Aravind being reports.celebrated as an effective eye care delivery model. A central database of accounts for all Aravind centresEMR Update was created to enable the management team to have a EHWWHU FRQWURO RYHU WKH ÀQDQFHV DQG WR JHQHUDWH WLPHO\Continuous efforts were made to streamline the reports. Cloud based medical shop management solutionElectronic Medical Record (EMR) system to enhance ‘Wondersoft’ was implemented, again to exercise betterperformance, make it centralised to enable cloud control over the transactions and planning for purchasesimplementation as well as integrate it with the Hospital etc.Management System. EMR was implemented in threemore Aravind centres including the one in Chennai. Aravind Diabetic Retinopathy Evaluation System,&XUUHQWO\ VL[ WHUWLDU\ DQG VXUJLFDO FHQWUHV DQG ÀYH ADRES was upgraded with a module to grade ROPcommunity eye clinics are actively using the EMR. A and this was implemented in Aravind-Tirunelveli.Alltool is developed which shares the details of the patients the applications were upgraded for managing Goodsreferred between the centres, on demand. DQG 6HUYLFH 7D[ LQWURGXFHG GXULQJ WKH ÀQDQFLDO \HDU Necessary reports for submitting the tax returns are also In some of the comprehensive outreach camps, EMR made available.LV EHLQJ WULHG RXW WR KHOS LQ GRFXPHQWLQJ WKH ÀQGLQJVand to track the patients referred to the base hospital. Installations, Upgradations and Maintenance,Q WKHVH FDPSV WKH HQWLUH SDWLHQW ÁRZ VWDUWLQJ IURP Worksregistration to admission is managed with IT systems. - Requirements related to networking, EPABX, serversTechnology Solutions and client station computers for Aravind-Chennai were planned and implementedZoho IT Services management tool: IT systems userscan register complaints relating to hardware or software - Server in Aravind-Tirupur and Udumalpet wasthey use and track the solution provided by the IT team. upgraded with Hyper-V and high availabilityIT team can request for feedback from the user after clustering system. Storage for EMR was also installed.their service. This database of complaints and solutionprovided, will serve as a knowledge base to review the Initiatives are constantly being undertaken to handle therecurring complaints and plan permanent solutions as ever increasing large data needs, storage and to managerequired. security related issues across all the hospitals.Web Applications IT Products and ServicesA collaborative website - IRRA- Indian Retina Research Integrated Hospital Management System (IHMS)Associates - was developed for research on Diabetic was implemented in nine hospitals in India and oneRetinopathy, a joint initiative by Aravind, LV Prasad in Bangladesh. Continuous support was provided toEye Institute and Sankara Netralaya. the various hospitals in India, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, AURODICTATE, a tool to convert voice to Mr. Ganesh Babu addressing at IHMS users’ meet of LAICO’stext and can be integrated in any application was partner hospitalsdeveloped. Parameter assessment for vision centres isnow automated and merged with the Vision CentreManagement System. This makes it easy to generatevarious reports required for managing the vision centres.This also helps in standardisation of systems acrossthese centres for continuous improvement. Aravind helped develop Better Operative OutcomesSoftware Tool for the project initiated by Dr. NathanCongdon, Queen’s University, Belfast, UK to measurecataract surgery outcomes. The team developed awebsite and windows PC application that will allowone to enter and view the data, including the one76

Zambia, Nigeria and Kenya that have been already Quiz programme conducted during Library Week Celebration,using IHMS. IT department arranged a meeting of Aravind-Maduraithe IHMS users of LAICO’s partner hospitals (underLavelle and SCALE projects) in November 2017. The In commemoration of Dr. V‘s birth centenary, ALICEmeeting aimed to help the users improve the utilisation observed Library Week from March 12-17, 2018. It wasof IHMS, generate necessary information for managing D XQLTXH SURJUDPPH ZKHUH IRU WKH ÀUVW WLPH DOO WKHoperations, planning and decision making as well as to libraries of Aravind Eye Care System together formedensure quality of data. Aravind team also participated one hand, one force, with the sole aim of reaching out,in a similar workshop organised by Seva Foundation imparting teaching, learning and spreading knowledgein Nepal for the partner hospitals of Nepal Netra Jyoti to all. During the week, several programmes andSangh on December 20, 2017. competitions were conducted for the users. Winners of the competitions were honoured with trophies and Vision Centre Management System was implemented FHUWLÀFDWHV DW WKH YDOHGLFWRU\ IXQFWLRQin eight centres run by hospitals in Bangladesh andIndia. Aravind CommunicationsAravind Teleophthalmology Network The department continued its efforts to standardise patient education / information materials. The teamDuring the year, nearly 575,000 cases were handled visited several Aravind centres, took stock of thethrough tele-consultation across the various vision requirements and helped develop new materials ascentres. Apart from this, Aravind works with diabetes well as improve the existing ones. The departmentcentres in the screening of diabetics through tele- also extended its support by facilitating stationaryconsultation with the help of Aravind Diabetic requirements for various CMEs conducted acrossRetinopathy Evaluation Software (ADRES). In the year Aravind commemorating Dr. V’s birth centenary.ending March 2018, a total of 2,500 cases were evaluatedusing ADRES. Teleophthalmology platform is used for severaleducational interactions and around 530 videoconferencing sessions were held in this regard.Aravind Library and Information Centre(ALICE)Aravind libraries continued to implement newtechnology to share information. Library webpage onthe intranet was revamped with user-friendly features.EYEZNEWZ, the e-newsletter of the library publishedevery month became a weekly since August 2017.Aravind Communications team during its visit to Srinivasa Fine Arts, Sivakasi 77

RECOGNITIONS AND ACHIEVEMENTSAravind makes its presence felt in ophthalmic trajectory, and being a role model through her clinical,community, with several of its doctors receiving administrative and academic achievements.prestigious awards at various national and internationalfora. Pioneer in Ophthalmology AwardRECOGNITIONS Chennai, December 1-2, 2017 International Society of Manual Small Incision CataractMake in India Emerging Entrepreneurs Award Surgeons (MSICS) honoured Dr. G. Natchiar with the award recognising the inspiration she has providedNew Delhi, July 6, 2017 to the ophthalmic community, at the 2nd WorldAravind Eye Care System won India Today’s Conference on MSICS - Comprehensive CataractAward in the Social Entrepreneurship category and Conference.Dr. S.R. Krishnadas, Director, HR, Aravind Eye CareSystem received the same from Shri. Jeyant Sinha, ISCKRS Lifetime Achievement AwardMinister of State for Civil Aviation, Govt. of India. New Delhi, August 5-7, 2017Business Star Award Dr. M. Srinivasan, Director Emeritus, Aravind Eye Care System received the award at the Annual Conference ofChennai, December 22, 2017 Indian Society for Cornea and Keratorefractive SurgeonsDr. P. Namperumalsamy, Chairman Emeritus, Aravind (ISCKRS) held in New Delhi. Dr. Harsh Vardhan,Eye Care System was honoured with Naanayam Minister of Science and Technology, Govt. of IndiaVikatan’s Award under the category ‘Social Consciousness’. presented the award.Pearl Foundation’s Lifetime Achievement Award Dr. U. V. Raman Raju LectureChennai, December 10, 2017 Vijayawada, October 13-15, 2017Pearl Foundation honoured Dr. P. Namperumalsamy Dr. M. Srinivasan delivered the Dr. U.V. Raman Rajuwith the Lifetime Achievement Award in recognition of Lecture on the topic, Corneal blindness and prevention ofhis outstanding contributions and achievements in the corneal ulcer at the 3rd Annual Conference of the AndhraÀHOG RI PHGLFDO VFLHQFH Pradesh Ophthalmic Society.Dr. P. Namperumalsamy Honoured at the Hindu - DOS-SPOSI Lifetime Achievement AwardGuardians of Healthcare Programme New Delhi, December 9-10 2017Chennai, March 16, 2018 Dr. P. Vijayalakshmi, Professor, PaediatricDr. P. Namperumalsamy was honored by The Hindu Ophthalmology and Adult Strabismus Services,Group Publishing Private Ltd; at a programme organised Aravind-Madurai received the award and gold medalto highlight the exemplary work done by healthcare during the Joint Congress of Delhi Ophthalmologicalprofessionals in Tamil Nadu. Dr. Karthik Srinivasan Society (DOS) and Strabismus and Paediatricreceived the award on behalf of Dr. Namperumalsamy. Ophthalmological Society (SPOSI) of India conference.iFocus Lifetime Achievement Award Dr. KTK Lifetime Achievement AwardNew Delhi, January 21-28, 2018 Chennai, May 10, 2017Dr. G. Natchiar, Director Emeritus, Aravind Eye Care Rotary Club of Chennai - IT City presented the awardSystem received the award at iFocus- the National to Dr. R.D. Ravindran, Chairman, Aravind Eye CarePostgraduate Education Programme organised by System. The award recognised his services to theCentre for Sight in New Delhi. The award recognised medical world and his attribute of giving back multifoldher efforts in guiding and mentoring hundreds of to society for the betterment of mankind in general andophthalmology residents and fellows, leadership in for their healthy living in particular.creating policy and programmes promoting high-qualityand volume-intensive community-based eye care, Prof. N.K. Mehra Memorial Orationbuilding skilled human resources to support the growth Lucknow, March 27, 2018 Dr. P. Vijayalakshmi delivered the oration on the topic,78

Entangled! Brain and the Eye at King George’s Medical Qimpro Award for Dr. S. AravindUniversity at Lucknow. Mumbai, November 16, 2017Felicitation at the Salute to Mothers Event Dr. S. Aravind was awarded the Qimpro Award in the category, Role Model Leader for World-Class Quality in theChennai, January 25, 2018 ÀHOG RI +HDOWKFDUHMrs. Lalitha Srinivasan, Member-GOVEL Trust wasfelicitated at the Salute to Mothers event organised IAPB Eye Health Hero Awardby Sri Krishna Sweets. She was honoured for hercontribution as a mother in the achievements of Kathmandu, Nepal, September 18, 2017'U $UDYLQG &KLHI 0HGLFDO 2IÀFHU $UDYLQG&KHQQDL Mr. R. Meenakshi Sundaram, Senior Manager, Outreach, Aravind Eye Care System was honoured withTamil Nadu Scientist Award (TANSA) Eye Health Hero Award by the International Agency for the Prevention of blindness (IAPB). The award recognisesChennai, September 25, 2017 DQG FHOHEUDWHV IURQWOLQH VWDII ZKRVH ZRUN LQ WKH ÀHOG- Dr. P. Sundaresan, Senior Scientist, Aravind Medical and engagement with the community makes a real difference in restoring sight. Research Foundation (AMRF) was presented with the TANSA Award for the year 2013 by the Tamil Padmashree Dr. M.M. Joshi Oration Nadu State Council for Science and Technology. Mr. K.P. Anbalagan, Minister for Higher Education, Hubli, April 22, 2017 Govt. of Tamil Nadu presented the award at the Dr.Haripriya, Chief, Cataract and IOL Services, function held at Anna University in Chennai. Aravind-Chennai delivered the Oration on the topic, Intracameral Antibiotic Prophylaxis- The Aravind experience atRecognitions for Dr. S.R. Rathinam Dr. M.M. Joshi Eye Institute, Hubli.Dr. S.R. Rathinam, Chief, Uveitis Services, Aravind- Aurofarm gets Certified as Organic FarmMadurai delivered the C S Bhaskaran EndowmentOration titled, Bench to Bedside: My Journey in Uveitis Aurofarm which houses the Aurolab facility wasat L V Prasad Eye Institute (LVPEI), Bhubaneswar on FHUWLÀHG DV ´2UJDQLFµ E\ WKH 7DPLO 1DGX 2UJDQLFJuly 3, 2017. &HUWLÀFDWLRQ 'HSDUWPHQW LQ DFFRUGDQFH WR WKH requirements of India’s National Programme for Organic Dr. Rathinam was invited to deliver the Robert Production Standards.A. Nozik lecture on the topic, MultinationalCollaborations in Uveitis at University of California, Vocational Service AwardSan Francisco (UCSF). Tirunelveli, October 22, 2017 She was also recognised as visiting faculty to UCSF Dr. V. Anitha, Chief, Cornea Services, Aravind-and LVPEI. Tirunelveli received Vocational Service Award by the 5RWDU\ &OXE RI .RYLOSDWWL IRU KHU VHOÁHVV ZRUN DQG Dr. Rathinam was recognised as Selection Committee service.Member for the prestigious Shanti Swarup BhatnagarPrize advisory committee. She was nominated as Fifth Asia Pacific HIMSS-Elsevier Digital HealthcareAssociate Editor in the Journal of Ocular Immunology Award 2017DQG ,QÁDPPDWLRQ Singapore, September 11-14, 2017Asia-Pacific Academy of Ophthalmology (APAO) Aravind Eye Hospital, Pondicherry won the award inAchievement Award the category, Outstanding ICT Innovation for its fundus on phone for rural eye care.Hong Kong, February 8-11, 2018'U 5 .LP &KLHI 0HGLFDO 2IÀFHU DQG &KLHI5HWLQD Certificates of Appreciationand Vitreous Services, Aravind-Madurai received theAchievement Award at the 33rd APAO Congress. Tirunelveli, July 22, 2017 Senior nurses of Aravind-Tirunelveli -Honorary Doctorate Ms. M.N. Chidambaram, Nursing Superintendent; Ms. V. Arumugam, Deputy Nursing Superintendent;Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, July 31, 2017 Ms. K.S. Marimuthu, Co-ordinator-Retina Clinic;Vignan University, Vadlamudi, Guntur conferred Ms. R. Muthulakshmi, Technician Supervisor;Honorary Doctorate on Dr. Kalpana Narendran,Chief, Paediatric Ophthalmology and AdultStrabismus Department, Aravind-Coimbatore for herprofessionalism and commitment. 79

Naanayam Vikatan’s Business Star Award for Dr. P. NamperumalsamyDr. R. Venkatasamy presenting the Dr. KTK LifetimeAchievement Award to Dr. R.D. RavindranISCKRS Lifetime Achievement Award for Dr. S.R. Krishnadas receiving the Make in India Emerging Entrepreneurs AwardDr. M. Srinivasan from Shri. Jeyant Sinha, Minister of State for Civil Aviation, Govt. of India Dr. M. Srinivasan delivers the Dr. U.V. Raman Raju Lecture at APOS conferenceMrs. Lalitha Srinivasan andDr. S. Aravind at the ‘Salute to Mothers’ event80

Dr. P. Sundaresan receiving the TANSA )LIWK $VLD 3DFLÀF +,066 Dr. Kalpana Narendran after being conferred with theAward from Mr. K.P. Anbalagan, Elsevier Digital Healthcare Honorary Doctorate by Vignan UniversityMinister for Higher Education, Award 2017 for Aravind-Govt. of Tamil Nadu Pondicherry Dr. GN Rao felicitating Dr. S.R. Rathinam after delivering the C.S. Bhaskaran Endowment Lecture Dr. Karthik Srinivasan receives the Hindu - Doyens award on behalf of Dr. Namperumalsamy from Shri. Gopalkrishna GandhiDr. R. Kim receives the APAOAchievement AwardMr. R. Meenakshi Sundaram Dr. S.R. Rathinam with the Proctor Foundation receiving the IAPB Eye team after delivering the Robert A Nozik Lecture Health Hero Award Qimpro Award for Dr. S. Aravind Dr. Haripriya Aravind being felicitated after delivering the Padmashree Dr. M.M. Joshi Oration 81







Tele-consultation in progress at a rural vision centre Dr. Sherin Haroon during her training at Eye Care Centre, Vancouver General Hospital, Canadaof Aravind’s tertiary hospitals by tele-ophthalmology. Aravind Eye Care System, where it informs research,Aravind Eye Foundation provides the seed capital for SDWLHQW FDUH DQG SURGXFW GHYHORSPHQW 7KHLU LQÁXHQFHVHWXS DQG WKH ÀUVW \HDU·V RSHUDWLQJ FRVWV PRVW FHQWHUV is further extended by Aravind’s healthcare consultingbreak-even by year two. group, which works with 300+ hospitals across the developing world. This year, Aravind Eye Foundation establishedthree new centers, funded by individual donors, in Innovation and New ProgramsKamuthi, Puliyangudi, Valavanur belonging to Madurai,Tirunelveli, and Pondicherry districts respectively. Innovation at Aravind is driven by mission - howAravind’s network of vision centres now has 66 center can Aravind serve more patients and achieve Dr. V’sof which 15 are supported by AEF. The centers funded vision of a world without needless blindness? Thisby the Foundation served more than 100,000 patients March, Aravind Eye Hospital-Pondicherry opened anand prescribed 14,000 eye glasses. innovation lab that will enable all personnel to explore new ways of addressing blindness and low vision.Physician Training $UDYLQG (\H )RXQGDWLRQ DOVR KHOSHG HVWDEOLVK WKH ÀUVWContinuing medical education is crucial for Aravind ROP treatment center in India at Aravind Eye Hospital -doctors, who are at the forefront of global policy- Theni, under the direction of chairman Emeritus,making and training the next generation of eye care Dr. P. Namperumalsamy. Retinopathy of Prematuritypersonnel in the developing world. Aravind has (ROP) is a major cause for blindness in prematureEHQHÀWWHG JUHDWO\ IURP WKH JHQHURVLW\ RI WKH $OOHQH infants. With improving neonatal care leading to aReuss Memorial Trust, which provides travel grants better survival rate of premature infants, ROP is fastto Aravind physicians to train with preeminent emerging as a common preventable cause of visionophthalmologists at leading eye hospitals in the world. impairment in India. The impact goes beyond the development ofindividual doctors. They bring that learning back to the“Intelligence and capability are not enough.There must be the joy of doing something beautiful.”(From the journals of Dr. G.Venkataswamy)Aravind Eye Foundation is deeplygrateful to the many supporters and friends whoparticipate in the joy of Aravind’s vision. 85

PARTNERS IN SERVICEAravind’s core activities are funded internally. The organisation also enjoys the support of philanthropists andinstitutes keen to contribute to its mission of eliminating needless blindness. Aravind gratefully acknowledges theirsupport, without which the organisation would not have been in the position where it is now.For service delivery, training and more For research- Acumen, USA - Alagappa University, Karaikudi, India- Alcon Laboratories Inc, USA - Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore, India- Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA), - Aravind Eye Foundation, USA  &RXQFLO RI 6FLHQWLÀF DQG ,QGXVWULDO 5HVHDUFK 1HZ 'HOKL ,QGLD Canada - Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA- Carl Zeiss Meditec, Germany - Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India- CBM International, Germany - Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi, India- Centre for Innovation in Public Systems, Hyderabad, India - Department of Health Research, New Delhi, India- Combat Blindness Foundation, USA - Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth- Conrad N. Hilton Foundation, USA- Dana Center, Johns Hopkins University, USA Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon NH, USA- Essilor, India - India Alliance, Hyderabad, India- Fred Hollows Foundation, Australia - Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India- T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, - Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey - JIPMER, Pondicherry, India USA - John Hopkins University, USA- Indian Institute of Management, Bengaluru, India - KALPAH Innovations Pvt. Ltd., Vizag, India- Indian Overseas Bank, India - Kalasalingam University, Krishnan Koil, India- International Agency for Prevention of Blindness, UK - Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, USA- International Council for Ophthalmology, UK - London Business School, UK- Kaushal Devendra Gupta, Pune, India - Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India- Lavelle Fund for the Blind, USA - Michigan State University, USA- Lions Clubs International Foundation, USA - MIND TREE, Bangalore, India- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, UK  0RRUÀHOGV (\H +RVSLWDO /RQGRQ- Manohar Devadoss, Chennai, India - National University of Singapore, Singapore- Narotam Sekhsaria Foundation, Mumbai - National Eye Institute, USA- ORBIS International, USA - Neuroptics Research Laboratory, Berkeley, USA- Rotary International, USA - Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and- Schwab Foundation and Social Entrepreneurship, Switzer- Research, Chandigarh, India land - Proctor Foundation, University of California,- Seva Foundation, USA- Seva Service Society, Canada San Francisco F.I., USA- Shyam Prakash Gupta, Madurai, India - Sastra University, Thanjavur, India- SightLife, USA - Singapore Eye Research Institute/ Singapore National Eye- SightSavers, UK- State Bank of India, India Centre, Singapore- Standard Chartered Bank & Scope Intl., UK - Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore- So-Hum Foundation, USA - Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan- Subroto Bagchi, Odisha, India- The Queen Elizabeth Diamond Jubilee Trust, UK provincial peoples Hospital, Sichuan, China- Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanams, India - Science and Engineering Research Board, New Delhi, India- TOMS, USA - Unite des Aspergillus, Institut Pasteur, Paris- Topcon, Japan - University of California, Berkeley, USA- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada - University of Illinois, Chicago, USA- University of California, Berkeley, USA - University of Pennsylvania and Children’s Hospital of- University of Michigan, USA- University of Pennsylvania, USA Philadelphia, USA- USAID, USA - University of Maryland, USA- VISION 2020 - The Right to Sight, India - University of Birmingham Medical School, UK- Wescott Williams Ltd., UK - University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK- World Diabetes Foundation, Denmark - University of Ulster, Northern Island, UK- World Health Organization, Switzerland - Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya,- XOVA: Excellence in Ophthalmology Vision Award, USA Chennai, India - Wellcome Trust, UK - Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, USA - World Health Organization, Switzerland86

ARAVIND EYE CARE SYSTEMChairman & CENTRAL FUNCTIONSDirector-QualityDR. R.D. RAVINDRAN, MS, DO FINANCE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Director DirectorChairman Emeritus & ER. G. SRINIVASAN, BE, MS DR. R. KIM, DO, DNBDirector-Research Secretary Senior ManagerDR. P. NAMPERUMALSAMY, MS, FAMS DR. N. VENKATESH PRAJNA, DO, DNB, B.S. GANESH BABU, M.COM, MS Senior Network AdministratorDirectors Emeritus FRCOPHTH S.J. RAJAN, MCADR. G. NATCHIAR, MS, DO Manager-Web ApplicationsDR. M. SRINIVASAN, MS, DO Development & Operations S. SANTHA SUBBULAKSHMI, MCA, MBA, CHITRA PRASAD, M.COM, MBA M.LI.SC OPERATIONS Manager Director R. MALA, MCA THULASIRAJ RAVILLA, MBA ARAVIND COMMUNICATIONS HUMAN RESOURCES CHITRA THULASIRAJ, B.SC Director Manager DR. S.R. KRISHNADAS, DO, DNB ANUJA SANIL, MA Manager R. DEEPA, MHM PURCHASE & MAINTENANCE S. JAYACHANDRAN, MHM ACADEMICS Director-Residency Training STORES DR. N. VENKATESH PRAJNA, DO, DNB, Manager J. SHOBHA, MCA, MSW, PGDBA FRCOPHTH OUTREACH Director-Mid Level Ophthalmic Senior Manager Personnel R. MEENAKSHI SUNDARAM, MHM DR. USHA KIM, DO, DNB Academic Consultant BIOSTATISTICS PROF. J. DANRITA M. ISWARYA, M.SC. Manager-Instructional Design HEPSIBHA JAWAHAR, MA LIBRARY & INFORMATION CENTRE R. KUMARAGURUPARI, MA, M.LI.SC, PROJECTS Director M.PHIL DR. S. ARAVIND, MS, MBA 87

GOVERNING BODIESAravind Eye Hospitals& Postgraduate Institute of OphthalmologyandLions Aravind Institute of Community OphthalmologyGOVERNED BYGOVEL TrustBOARD OF TRUSTEES Dr. G. Venkataswamy Eye Research InstituteTrust President GOVERNED BYER. G. SRINIVASAN Aravind Medical ResearchTrust Secretary FoundationDR. N. VENKATESH PRAJNA BOARD OF MANAGEMENT AurolabMembersDR. P. NAMPERUMALSAMY DR. P. NAMPERUMALSAMY, GOVERNED BYMRS. LALITHA SRINIVASAN MS, FAMSDR. G. NATCHIAR Aurolab TrustMR. RAVI NALLAKRISHNAN DR. G. NATCHIAR, MS, DODR. R. KIM ER. G. SRINIVASAN BOARD OF TRUSTEESDR. S. ARAVIND THULASIRAJ RAVILLA, MBAPRESIDENT, ROTARY CLUB, DR. S.R. KRISHNADAS, DO, DNB Trust PresidentMADURAI MAIN BRANCH - DR. R. KIM, DO, DNB THULASIRAJ RAVILLA, MBA(EX-OFFICIO) DR. N. VENKATESH PRAJNA, Trust Secretary DR. S. ARAVIND, MS, MBA DO, DNB, FRCOPHTH Members DR. S. ARAVIND, MS, MBA ER. G. SRINIVASAN, BE, MS DR. P. NAMPERUMALSAMY, MS, FAMS DR. G. NATCHIAR, MS, DO DR. R. KIM, DO, DNB88

Aravind Eye Hospitals & Postgraduate Institute of OphthalmologyARAVIND-MADURAI DR. ASHIS GHOSH, MS GENERAL OPHTHALMOLOGY DR. RAMYA SEETAM RAJU, MS SERVICES&KLHI 0HGLFDO 2IÀFHU Medical ConsultantsDR. R. KIM, DO, DNB PAEDIATRIC OPHTHALMOLOGY & DR. PAMONA SAMSON, DO ADULT STRABISMUS SERVICES DR. ASHOK VARDHAN, DO, DNBRETINA-VITREOUS SERVICES DR. ABIRAMA SUNDARI, MS Chief DR. G.N. SUBATHRA, MSChief DR. SHASHIKANT SHETTY, MS DR. S. THANEMOZHI, DODR. R. KIM, DO, DNB Medical Consultants DR. RAJI KOSHY DANIEL, DOMedical Consultants DR. P. VIJAYALAKSHMI, MS, DO DR. V. BALAJI, MSDR. K. NARESH BABU, MS DR. A. RUPA, DO DR. R. RAM SUDARSHAN, MSDR. T.P. VIGNESH, MS DR. SATHYA T RAVILLA, MS DR. B. JOHN SAMUEL, MSDR. RENU P RAJAN, MS DR. ANUKUL DIXIT, MS DR. K.V. VAISHALI, MSDR. KARTHIK KUMAR , MS DR. SAHITHYA, MS DR. B. SARANYA, MSDR. HAEMOGLOBIN, MS DR. JYOTI SONAWANE, MS DR. G. NIVEDITA, MSDR. K.C. LAVANYA, DNB DR. R. SWATHI, MSDR. SREEDURGA KIRAN MAYI, MS GLAUCOMA SERVICES DR. V. KIRUTHIKA, DODR. JAYANT KUMAR, MSDR. GIRISH V BALIGA, MS Chief VISION REHABILITATION CENTREDR. CHITARANJAN MISRA, DNB DR. GEORGE VARGHESE PUTHURAN, MS Senior Consultant Director-HRD DR. P. VIJAYALAKSHMI, MS, DOINTRAOCULAR LENS & CATARACT DR. S.R. KRISHNADAS, DO, DNB Medical Consultant MICROBIOLOGIST/ PROFESSORSERVICES DR. MANJU R PILLAI, DO, DNB DR. S. LALITHA PRAJNA, MD, DNB DR. R. SHARMILA, DNBChief DR. S. VIDYA, DO ANAESTHETISTSDR. MADHU SHEKHAR, MS DR. H. KASTHURI BAI, DO, DNB DR. A. RAVICHANDAR, MD, DAMedical Consultants DR. INDIRA DURAI, DNB DR. A. HARI NARAYANA PRABHU, MD, DADR. ARUNA PAI, MS DR. DEEBA ISHRATH, DODR. GOMATHI RAMYA, DO DR. A. VIJAYALAKSHMI, MS PHYSICIANSDR. R. SANKARANANTHAN, MS DR. R. BANUSHREE, MDDR. R. JANANI, MS UVEA SERVICES DR. NAVEEN MEERA, MSDR. ZERVIN R BAAM, MSDR. HEMANT SONAWANE, MS Chief / Principal FREE HOSPITALDR. SAPAN PALOD, MS DR. S.R. RATHINAM, DO, DNB, PH.D ChiefDR. G. VIAJAYALAKSHMI, MS Medical Consultants DR. V.P. RAVICHANDRAN, DO DR. T. RADHIKA, DNBCORNEA & REFRACTIVE SURGERY DR. G. VEDHANAYAKI, DOSERVICES ORBIT, OCULOPLASTY AND NURSING OCULAR ONCOLOGY AND OCULAR Nursing SuperintendentsChief PROSTHETIC SERVICES B. DHAGIRNISA BEGUMDR. N. VENKATESH PRAJNA, DO, DNB, Chief R. JEEVA DR. USHA KIM, DO, DNB MLOP Manpower Co-ordinator FRCOPHTH. - Central HR NEURO-OPHTHALMOLOGY S. KRISHNAVENIDirector Emeritus SERVICESDR. M. SRINIVASAN, MS, DO Chief ADMINISTRATIONMedical Consultants DR. S. MAHESH KUMAR, DO, DNB Senior Manager-EMRDR. MANORANJAN DAS, DNB Medical Consultants DEEPA KRISHNAN, BE, MBADR. ARUN KUMAR PANIGRAHI, MS DR. A. KOWSALYA, DO, DNB 7UDQVSRUW 3XEOLF 5HODWLRQV 2IÀFHUDR. ASHWIN B, DO DR. K.N. JAYASRI, DO S.G. RAMANATHAN, M.ADR. R. NAVEEN, MSDR. ASHISH KUMAR, DNBDR. PREETHIKA GANDHI, MSDR. KOMAL METHA, MS 89

0DQDJHU2IÀFH RETINA-VITREOUS SERVICES NEURO-OPHTHALMOLOGYK.S. KANDASAMY, B.A Chief SERVICES$FFRXQWV 2IÀFHU DR. Y.C. VENUGOPAL REDDY, MS ChiefR. RETHINASABAPATHY, B.A Medical Consultants DR. S. PADMAVATHY, MSManager-Accounts DR. SYED MOHIDEEN ABDUL KHADAR,R. VELUMANI, B.COM, (BA) CONSULTANT ANAESTHETISTManager-Personnel MS DR. S. NAVANEETHA KRISHNAN, MBBS,A. VENKATACHALAM, B.SCManager-Patient Care, DR. SHAH PRATIK KANAIYALAL, MS D.AFree Hospital DR. ABISHEK REDDY, MSDAMIEN JACOB, MBA DR. ASWINI PATEL, MS GENERAL OPHTHALMOLOGYManager-Electrical DR. SHARAN KUMAR, DO, DNB SERVICESR.V. VISHNU KUMAR, DECE Medical ConsultantsManager-Vision Centre INTRAOCULAR LENS & CATARACT DR. R. RAMAKRISHNAN, MS, DOG. JHANSI SUNITHA, MA SERVICES DR. S. PADMAVATHY, MS Chief DR. V. MANEKSHA, MSARAVIND-THENI DR. SHIVAKUMAR CHANDRASHEKHARAN, DR. V.R. VIVEKANANDAN, MS DR. ABISHEK REDDY, MS&KLHI 0HGLFDO 2IÀFHU MS DR. K. POORNIMA, DODR. DIPANKAR DATTA, DO, DNB, MNAMS, Medical Consultants VISION REHABILITATION CENTRE (OPH) DR. V.R. VIVEKANANDAN, MS DR. A. FATHIMA, MS DR. M. SHERIN HAROON, MSMedical Consultants DR. ABHIJITH, MS FREE HOSPITALDR. PRASANNA KUMAR, DO DR. SWETHA SABNIS, DNB DR. SAKTHIVEL, MSDR. D. HEMA, MS ManagerDR. BARATH JANAKIRAM, DO, FICO CORNEA & REFRACTIVE SURGERY S. BALAKRISHNANDR. V. MATHANGI, DO SERVICESDR. T.M. SATHISH KUMAAR, MS Chief NURSINGDR. SANKALP SINGH SHARMA, DO, DNB DR. V. ANITHA, DNB, FAICO Nursing Superintendents M.N. CHIDHAMBARAMNURSING PAEDIATRIC OPHTHALMOLOGY & V. ARUMUGAMNursing Superintendents ADULT STRABISMUS SERVICESR. SEENIAMMAL Chief ADMINISTRATIONR. GOWRI DR. R. MEENAKSHI, DO, DNB 0DQDJHU2IÀFH Medical Consultant P. NAVANEETHA KRISHNANADMINISTRATION DR. A. FATHIMA, MS 3XEOLF 5HODWLRQV 2IÀFHUManager-Vision Centre M. MAHADEVAN, D.PHARMR. BALASIVA, BA, MSW GLAUCOMA SERVICES Manager-Human ResourceManager-Camp Chief R. LAKSHMI, MBAJEYARAJ DR. MOHIDEEN ABDUL KADER, DNB Manager-Quality & Inpatient Medical Consultants ServicesARAVIND-TIRUNELVELI DR. R. RAMAKRISHNAN, MS, DO M. VIKKY KUMAR, MBA DR. R. AARTHY, MS Manager-Glaucoma Clinic&KLHI 0HGLFDO 2IÀFHU D. RANITHA GUNA SELVI, BPT, MBADR. R. RAMAKRISHNAN, MS, DO ORBIT, OCULOPLASTY AND Manager-IT & Systems'HSXW\ &KLHI 0HGLFDO 2IÀFHU OCULAR ONCOLOGY SERVICES P. THIRUVENGADAM, MA, PGDCADR. R. MEENAKSHI, DO, DNB Chief Manager-Projects DR. V. MANEKSHA, MS P. HARIESH KUMAR, MBA Librarian E. PERUMALSAMY, M.LISC, M.PHIL90

ARAVIND-COIMBATORE CORNEA & REFRACTIVE SURGERY DR. SRISHA POLKAMPALLY, MS SERVICES DR. NEHA SHRIRAO METHA, DNB&KLHI 0HGLFDO 2IÀFHU Chief DR. RENU BANSAL, DO, DNBDR. V. NARENDRAN, DO, DNB DR. R. REVATHI, MS Medical Consultants NEURO-OPHTHALMOLOGYRETINA-VITREOUS SERVICES DR. ANITA RAGHAVAN, DO, FRCS (G) SERVICES DR. P. MANGALA, DNB ChiefChief DR. V. PRABHU, MS DR. VIRNA SHAH, DODR. V. NARENDRAN, DO, DNB DR. SAKTHI RAJESWARI, DNB Medical Consultants DR. DEVI ROSETTE, MS DR. P. SHALINI, MSMedical Consultants DR. N. KAVITHA, MS DR. R.C. PRIYA, DO, DNBDR. RODNEY JOHN MORRIS, MS DR. GOPINATHAN, MSDR. V.R. SARAVANAN, DO, DNB DR. P. MAHESH PATHAK, DNB NURSINGDR. PARAG K SHAH, DNB DR. SHAFFIE BAIDWAL, MS Nursing SuperintendentDR. GEORGE MANAYATH, MS, FRCS DR. NIDHI BHOSALE, DNB S. SULOCHANADR. UPENDRA BABU, MS DR. MAITRAYEE KAMMEN MS ASSITANT-NURSING SUPERINTENDENTDR. KARAN ANNAPUR KUMARASAMY, MS R. RADHIKADR. PALMEERA D SOUZA, DO, DNB PAEDIATRIC OPHTHALMOLOGY &DR. A. RAMYA, MD ADULT STRABISMUS SERVICES ADMINISTRATIONDR. S. PREMA, MS Chief Manager-AdministrationDR. RATNESH RANJAN, MS DR. KALPANA NARENDRAN, DO, DNB S. SANGEETHA, MHADR. SAVEEN GUPTA, MS Medical Consultants Manager-HRDR. ARVIND JAIN, MS DR. C. SANDRA, DO, DNB R. UMAPRIYA, MA, PTSTADR. SUGANYA, MS DR. SASIKALA ELIZABETH, DNB Manager-PersonnelDR. ANANT BHOSALE, MS DR. AMRUDHA SINDHU, DNB R. JEBADURAI, BA, PGDPMDR. SWAPNIL SHIVAJI VIDHATE, MS DR. DHAGE AASHISH RAMESH, DNB Manager-TransportDR. VINI LAXMAN BADLANI, DNB DR. SHILPA RAO, MS D. KARTHIKEYAN, DIP, COP Manager-IT SystemsINTRAOCULAR LENS & CATARACT GLAUCOMA SERVICES S. THIRUNAVUKKARASU, B.SC Chief Manager-MRDSERVICES DR. GANESH V RAMAN, MS V. HEMALATHA, M.PHIL Medical Consultants Manager-Quality AssuranceChief DR. ROHAN DANIEL DAWALIKAR, MS R. GAUTHAM KUMAR, M.Sc. HADR. KALPANA NARENDRAN, DO, DNB DR. C. PREM ANAND, MS DR. MRUNALI MOHAN, MS ARAVIND-PONDICHERRYMedical Consultants DR. A. VINOTH, MSDR. S. GUHAPRIYA, DNB DR. A. NABEED, DNB &KLHI 0HGLFDO 2IÀFHUDR. MUMDHAJ, DNB DR. MENAKA, DO, DNB DR. R. VENKATESH, DO, DNBDR. ANITA MOHANAN, MSDR. P. VIVEKANAND, DO, DNB UVEA SERVICES RETINA-VITREOUS SERVICESDR. B. KRISHNA BABU, MS ChiefDR. D. CHANDRASEKAR, MS DR. V.K. ANURADHA, MD, FRCS ChiefDR. MANJU VINYTHERA, DNB DR. PANKAJA DHOBLE, MSDR. D. BALASARASWATHY, MS ORBIT, OCULOPLASTY ANDDR. LEENU JERRIS, DO OCULAR ONCOLOGY SERVICES Medical ConsultantsDR. BAGAVATH SHALINI, MS Chief DR. MANAVI D. SINDAL, MSDR. SENTHAMILSELVI, DO DR. VIJI RANGARAJAN, DO DR. CHOKKHALLI K NAGESHA, MSDR. R. JAYANTHI, MS Medical Consultants DR. D. SANTHOSH, MSDR. HRIDYA MOHAN, MS DR. KAVITHA YUVARAJAN, DO, DNB DR. HARSHAL PRADEEP GONDHALE, MS,DR. SHOBA CHINNAN, DODR. S. DHANALAKSHMI, DODR. A. SRINILA, DODR. S. NAVANEETH KUMAR, MS DNB DR. AYUSHI SINHA, DNB 91

INTRAOCULAR LENS & CATARACT UVEA SERVICES CORNEA & REFRACTIVE SURGERYSERVICES Chief Medical ConsultantsChief DR. S. BALA MURUGAN, MS DR. J. ANUJA, MS,DR. MANAS NATH, DO DR. LAKSHEY DUDEJA, MSMedical Consultant GENERAL OPHTHALMOLOGYDR. PRASANTH GIREESH, MS SERVICES GENERAL OPHTHALMOLOGY MEDICAL CONSULTANTS SERVCIESCORNEA & REFRACTIVE SURGERY DR. D. BALAMURUGANANDARAJ, DO Medical ConsultantsSERVICES DR. R. SWETHA, DO DR. RAMESH, MSChief DR. P.P. HASINI, MS DR. M. LAVANYA, MSDR. N. SHIVANANDA, MS DR. M. JANANI, DNBMEDICAL CONSULTANTS DR. SATISH KUMAR MUDDANA, MS NURSING SUPERINTENDENTDR. M. PURUSHOTHAMA RAJKUMAR, MS B.S. INDIRANIDR. JOSEPHINE CHRISTY, MS NURSINGDR. V. RAJESH, MS Nursing Superintendents ADMINISTRATIONDR. P.J. ARUNA, MS R.V. SELVARANI Manage-Patient CareDR. PUJA PRATIVA SAMANTARAY, MS A. SUBBULAKSHMI I. SERAN, MBA (HM); FEHMDR. KUNAL MANDLIK, MS Manager Accounts & Finance ADMINISTRATION SELVARAJPAEDIATRIC OPHTHALMOLOGY - Manager-Administration IT & SystemsCONTACT LENS SERVICES V. SANTHANAM, B.COM KUMAR, BCAChief Manager-GeneralDR. K. VEENA, DO, DNB P. KANAGARAJ, BE ARAVIND-CHENNAIMedical Consultant Manager-Human ResourceDR. MARIE FREDRICK MOUTTAPPA, DO, DNB A. SUMATHI, MBA &KLHI 0HGLFDO 2IÀFHUDR. ANJALI KHADIA, MS Manager-Camp DR. S. ARAVIND, MS, MBA A. XAVIER, B.SCGLAUCOMA SERVICES Manager-Transport & Security RETINA-VITREOUS SERVICESChief K. KAVERI, B.ADR. R. VENKATESH, DO, DNB Manager-Maintenance ChiefMedical Consultant P. THANAPAL, DCE DR. ANAND RAJENDRAN, DNB, FRCSDR. S. KAVITHA, MS Manager-Patient Care & QualityDR. SWATI UPADHYAYA, DO, DNB Assurance Medical ConsultantsDR. O. ANNAMALAI, DO, DNB N. VENGADESAN, MBA DR. KARTHIK SRINIVASAN, MSDR. K. SREENATH, DO, DNB Manager-Patient Care DR. PRABHU BASKARAN, MS, DNBDR. C.R. VISWARAJ, MS K. KALAIVENDAN, MBA INTRAOCULAR LENS & CATARACTORBIT, OCULOPLASTY & OCULAR SERVICESONCOLOGY SERVICESChief ChiefDR. R. JAYAGAYATHRI, DO, DNB DR. HARIPRIYA ARAVIND, MSMedical ConsultantDR. DAYAKAR YADALLA, MS, FRCS ARAVIND-SALEM CORNEA & REFRACTIVE SURGERYNEURO-OPHTHALMOLOGY &KLHI 0HGLFDO 2IÀFHU SERVICESSERVICES DR. B. MANOHAR BABU, MSChief ChiefDR. S. PRIYA, MS CATARACT & UVEA SERVICES DR. K. TIRUVENGADA KRISHNAN, DNB Chief DR. B. MANOHAR BABU, MS Medical Consultants DR. SEEMA RAMAKRISHNAN, DO, DNB, RETINA-VITREOUS SERVICES Medical Consultants FICO DR. K. HEMALATHA, MS DR. M. DIVYA, MS92

PAEDIATRIC OPHTHALMOLOGY & ARAVIND-TIRUPUR Aravind Integrated Eye Bank ServicesADULT STRABISMUS SERVICES Medical Consultants (AIEBS)MEDICAL CONSULTANTS DR. S. VIJAYKUMAR, MSDR. MACWANA PALAK, MS DR. S.M. SINDHOORY, DO DirectorDR. ANKITA BISANI, DO, DNB, FICO DR. M. SRINIVASAN, MSGLAUCOMA SERVICES ARAVIND-DINDIGUL ROTARY ARAVINDMEDICAL CONSULTANTS INTERNATIONAL EYE BANK,DR. NEETHU MOHAN, MS Medical Consultants MADURAIDR. SMITA PANDA, MS DR. DEEPAK KUMAR, MS DR. D. SATISH, DO Technical DirectorUVEA SERVICES DR. B. RAGHURAMAN, MS DR. LALITHA PRAJNA, MD, DNBMEDICAL CONSULTANTS Manager Medical Director DesigneeDR. ELIZA ANTHONY, DNB R. BALASUBRAMANI, M.SC DR. MANORANJAN DAS, DNB ManagerORBIT, OCULOPLASTY AND ARAVIND-TUTICORIN D. SARAVANAN, MSW, M.PHIL, MBA(HR)OCULAR ONCOLOGY SERVICESMEDICAL CONSULTANTS Medical Consultants PGDCDR. JAYASHREE, DO, DNB DR. G. ANITHA, DO, DNB DR. S. KANIMOZHI, MS ROTARY ARAVIND EYE BANK,NEURO-OPHTHALMOLOGY Manager-Patient Care & TIRUNELVELISERVICES AdministrationMEDICAL CONSULTANTS N. MOHAMMED GHOUSE, MBA Medical DirectorDR. NIRMALA DEVY, DO 0DQDJHU2IÀFH DR. R. RAMAKRISHNAN, MS, DO A. NAMMALVAR, B.SC Medical Director DesigneeGENERAL OPHTHALMOLOGY DR. V. ANITHA, DNB, FAICOMEDICAL CONSULTANTS ARAVIND-UDUMALPETDR. NITHILA E.G. PAUL, DNB ARAVIND-IOB EYE BANK,DR. SUDHA PALANIAPPAN, DOMS, DNB, Medical Consultants COIMBATORE DR. JEBINTH BRYAN, MS FICO 0DQDJHU2IÀFH Medical Director V. MOUNA GURUSAMY DR. V. NARENDRAN, DO, DNBANAESTHETIST Medical Director DesigneeDR. JACINTHA, DNB, DA DR. ANITHA RAGHAVAN, DO, FRCS (G)PHYSICIANS ARAVIND EYE BANKDR. JOEIMON, MD, DMM ASSOCIATION OF PONDICHERRYADMIN Medical DirectorGeneral Manager DR. N. SHIVANANDA, MSP. KANNAPPAN, M.SC, M.PHIL Medical Director DesigneeManager-Finance & insurance DR. V. RAJESH, MSP. POOBALAN, B.COMManager- AdministrationC. GNANASEKARAN, MBA 93

Lions Aravind Director-Research AurolabInstitute of PROF. K. DHARMALINGAM,Community Managing DirectorOphthalmology M.SC, PH.D DR. P. BALAKRISHNAN, BE, PH.D Advisor-Research Joint Managing DirectorGrant Administrator PROF. VR. MUTHUKKARUPPAN, R.D. SRIRAM, BELN. N.A.K. GOPALAKRISHNARAJA, MJF Division Manager-PharmaceuticalsExecutive Director M.SC, PH.D V. VENKATESA KANNAN, M.SC, PGDPMIRTHULASIRAJ RAVILLA, MBA Division Manager-Intraocular LensSenior Faculty MOLECULAR GENETICS R. SUNDARA GANESH, BEB.S. GANESH BABU, M.COM Senior Scientist Division Manager-Suture NeedleR. MEENAKSHI SUNDARAM, MHM DR. P. SUNDARESAN, M.SC, PH.D R.K. RAMNATH, BEV. VIJAYAKUMAR, MSW, M.PHIL Scientist Division Manager-Surgical BladeR. SURESH KUMAR, MA, PGDHM DR. A. VANNIARAJAN, M.SC, PH.D S. SARAVANAN, BESANIL JOSEPH, MHM Marketing Manager-ExportsDHIVYA RAMASAMY, MBA IMMUNOLOGY & STEM CELL N. VISHNU PRASAD, MHM, MBAMOHAMMAD GOWTH, MA, PGDHM BIOLOGY Marketing Manager-DomesticFaculty Scientists S. SIVANAND, B.SC, MBAA. SYED ALI, MA PROF. VR. MUTHUKKARUPPAN, M.SC, Manager-Regulatory AffairsD. YESUNESAN, MSW R. KRISHNA KUMAR, B.PHARM, MSFaculty Associate PH.D Manager-Human ResourcesB. UDAYAKUMAR, MSW DR. GOWRIPRIYA CHIDAMBARANATHAN, V. SWETHA, MBAAdministrator Manager-IT & SystemsG. KRISHNA VENI, M.SC M.SC, PH.D K.R. SANKAR, M.SC Production SupervisorAravind Medical OCULAR PHARMACOLOGY L. LINGAMMALResearch Foundation Scientist DR. S. SENTHILKUMARI, M.PHARM, PH.DPresidentDR. P. NAMPERUMALSAMY, PROTEOMICS Director MS, FAMS PROF. K. DHARMALINGAM, M.SC, PH.DVice President ScientistDR. G. NATCHIAR, MS, DO DR. J. JEYA MAHESHWARI, M.SC, PH.DSecretary & Treasurer DR. O.G. RAM PRASAD, M.SC, PH.DDR. R. KIM, DO, DNB MICROBIOLOGY Clinician Scientists DR. LALITHA PRAJNA, MD, DNB DR. S.R. RATHINAM, FAMS, PH.D BIOINFORMATICS Scientist DR. D. BHARANIDHARAN, M.SC, PH.D PATHOLOGIST DR. R. SHANTHI, MD94

ARAVIND EYE HOSPITALS & Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology MADURAI - 1, Anna Nagar, Madurai 625 020, Tamil Nadu, India. Phone: (0452) 435 6100 TIRUNELVELI - S.N. High Road, Tirunelveli Jn. 627 001, Tamil Nadu, India. Phone: (0462) 435 6100 COIMBATORE - Avinashi Road, Coimbatore 641 014, Tamil Nadu, India. Phone: (0422) 436 0400 PONDICHERRY - Cuddalore Main Road, Thavalakuppam, Pondicherry 605 007, India. Phone: (0413) 261 9100 SALEM - Sankagiri Main Road, Nethimedu, Salem 636 002, Tamil Nadu, India. Phone: (0427) 235 6100 CHENNAI - 10, Poonamallee High Road, Noombal, Ambattur, Chennai 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India. Phone : (044) 409 56100 THENI - Periyakulam Road, Theni 625 531, Tamil Nadu, India. Phone: (04546) 252 658 TIRUPUR - Dharapuram Main Road, Chettipalayam Post, Tirupur 641 608, Tamil Nadu, India. Phone: (0421) 226 6100 DINDIGUL - 31A, New Agraharam, Palani Road, Dindigul 624 001, Tamil Nadu, India. Phone: (0451) 244 8100TUTICORIN - Meenakshipuram West, Near Old Bus Stand, Tuticorin 628 002, Tamil Nadu, India. Phone: (0461) 230 0410 UDUMALPET - 112, Dhalli Road, Opp. Palaniandavar Mills, Udumalpet 642 126, Tamil Nadu, India. Phone: (04252) 260 400 COIMBATORE CITY CENTRE - Cowly Brown Road, R.S. Puram, Coimbatore 641 002, Tamil Nadu, India Phone: (0422) 254 0400 LIONS ARAVIND INSTITUTE OF COMMUNITY OPHTHALMOLOGY 72, Kuruvikaran Salai, Gandhinagar, Madurai 625 020, Tamil Nadu, India. Phone: (0452) 435 6500 ARAVIND INTEGRATED EYE BANK SERVICES ROTARY - ARAVIND INTERNATIONAL EYE BANK 1, Anna Nagar, Madurai 625 020, Tamil Nadu, India. Phone: (0452) 435 6100 ROTARY - ARAVIND EYE BANK S.N. High Road, Tirunelveli Jn. 627 001, Tamil Nadu, India. Phone: (0462) 435 6100 IOB - ARAVIND EYE BANK Avinashi Road, Coimbatore 641 014, Tamil Nadu, India. Phone: (0422) 436 0400 ARAVIND EYE BANK ASSOCIATION OF PONDICHERRY Cuddalore Main Road, Thavalakuppam, Pondicherry 605 007, India. Phone: (0413) 261 9100 ARAVIND MEDICAL RESEARCH FOUNDATION DR. G. VENKATASWAMY EYE RESEARCH INSTITUTE 1, Anna Nagar, Madurai 625 020, Tamil Nadu, India. Phone: (0452) 435 6550 AUROLAB 1, Sivagangai Road, Veerapanjan, Madurai 625 020, Tamil Nadu, India. Phone: (0452) 244 6100 World Health Organization Collaborating Centre For Prevention of Blindness ARAVIND EYE CARE SYSTEM www.aravind.org 95

Dr. V planting the banyan tree at ‘Boiling the milk’ ceremony of Dr. V during one of his visits to the USAurofarm on March 21, 2005 Aravind-Madurai on Sep 15, 1978 Dr.V at Govt. Erskine Hospital, MaduraiDr. V with Sir John and Lady Wilson and Dr. Kabir at theNutrition Rehabilitation Centre, 1971 Dr. V with his team getting ready for a camp In the Indian Army Medical Corps96 during 1946-48