activity_report2005

Aravind-LAICO team in Lions SightFirst Srikiran Institute of Ophthalmology to understand developments/Eye Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi improvements that have taken place in running the paediatric ophthalmology service. Suggestions were provided for the current challenges faced in implementing the paediatric eye care services effectively. Under the Lions SightFirst Grant, Supported by Lavelle Fund To Blantyre, Malawi March 17-April 11 A team consisting of Mr. R. Meenakshi Sundaram, Mr. Ganesh Babu, Mr. Keerti Pradhan, Dr. Thiruvenkatakrishnan, Ms. Guruparvathi and Ms. Chitra visited Lions SightFirst Eye Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi. The clinical staff of the team trained the nurses to assist the surgeons in performing Small Incision Cataract Surgeries (SICS) and Trabeculectomy Surgeries. Different strategies were discussed and implemented to improve the performance of the eye camps and reduce the cost of conducting eye camps. Workflow was reviewed and standardized in certain areas and systems were developed to capture all necessary data for generating day-to-day and periodical information. A set of Microsoft Excel based utilities were developed and implemented to record the data and generate all the necessary information. The main focus was on areas related to effective utilisation of manpower, developing alternative strategies for attracting patients from remote areas, attracting more paying patients and developing team spirit among the staff.Mr. Keerti Pradhan in Afghanistan OTHER EMERGING ACTIVITIES – PROGRAMME ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION In Kabul, Afghanistan April 15-24 Mr. Keerti Pradhan visited ‘SERVE’, in Kabul, Afghanistan with support from Dark & Light, Netherlands to assess and evaluate their Community Eye Care work. In Shivpuri and Satna, Madhya Pradesh, India June 6-11 Dr. Manoranjan Das and Mr. B.S. Ganesh Babu visited the two Sight Savers International supported hospitals - Shri Padam Sambhav Eye Hospital in Shivpuri and Samaritan Netra Deepti in Satna to assess their clinical practices, administrative procedures and overall perfor- mance. In Pipad, Sri Ganganagar and Nokha, in Rajasthan December 15 -16 Dr. Arun Kumar and Mr. S.P. Venkatesh visited the three Sight Savers International supported hospitals in Rajasthan - Shree 50

Normally, when we walk or drive, we Pramatma Chand Bhandari (PCB) Hospital, Pipad, LKC Jagadamba can see the first bend; but when we Charitable trust, Sri Ganganagar and Urmul Jyothi Eye Hospital, fly, we can see the entire road. Nokha to assess their Clinical, Non-Clinical and Management Proto- Likewise, as a manager, this workshop cols, Procedures and Systems in the hospital. has elevated our thinking process to a higher place so that we can now In Barmer, Rajasthan have perception from a different level. August 5 - 6 Dr. G. Chandrasekhar, Hon. Superintendent, K.B. Dr.R.D.Ravindran and Mrs.Vargheese went to Barmer Jan Sewa H. Bachooali Charitable Ophthalmic & E.N.T. Samity (BJSS) Hospital, Barmer, to help standardise the cataract Hospital, Mumbai. surgery protocols and sterilisation procedures. Following the visit, they conducted a workshop on Standardisation of cataract surgery proto- - a participant of ‘Management Priorities in cols and sterilisation procedures for the Sight Savers International Eye Care Delivery’ Course. (SSI) partner hospitals in Rajasthan. 20 staff members including the head of the institutions from 10 SSI supported hospitals attended theParticipants of Management Priorities in workshop.Eye Care Delivery course with faculty II. TRAINING DIVISION LAICO offers management training for all cadres of eye care personnel. Various courses were conducted throughout the year with the flagship courses being the Management Priorities in Eye Care Delivery intended for the heads of eye hospitals and Management Training for Eye Care Programme Managers which draws partici- pants from various ministries as well as from INGOs. MANAGEMENT TRAINING IN EYE CARE DELIVERY Management Priorities in Eye Care Delivery January 23-29 This is a short term intense training programme to strengthen the management perspectives of the heads of eye hospitals. The programme aims to impart management skills necessary to help them in planning, monitoring and evaluation of the programme to increase their efficiency and productivity by optimally utilising the available resources. Prof. Fred Munson, Dr. Nirmala Murthy, Mr. G. Balasubramanian, Prof. Vasanthi Srinivasan were the Guest Faculty for the course. A group of 32 participants from India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Bolivia, Nigeria, Kenya, Venezuela, Ethiopia and Equador participated in this programme.51

Participants of Management Training for Management Training for Eye careEye care Programme Managers course Programme ManagersDr. G. Venkataswamy addressing theparticipants of Certificate Course on February 21–March 4Community Outreach and SocialMarketing in Eye Care Services The objective of this training is to enable the participants acquire knowledge, skills and attitude to become effective in the eye care programme management. It helps the candidates to learn to assess the magnitude of the problem and its implications and understand the gaps in service levels and issues relating to requirement and actual availabil- ity of resources. It also helps to understand factors and chal- lenges specific to eye care in programme development. Dr. Suzanne Gilbert, Mr. D. Nagarajan, Dr. Nirmala Murthy, Dr.Pararajasegaram, Dr. Steve D. Miller, Mr. G. Shanmuganathan were the Guest Faculty for the course. Mr.Iraianbu, IAS, Commis- sioner for Disciplinary Proceedings, Madurai gave a guest lecture on community participation. A group of 30 persons from Sierra Leone, South Africa, Nigeria, Tibet, Bangladesh, Cambodia, Armenia, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Ethiopia, Afghanistan, Malawi and India participated. Management Training and Systems Development for Hospital Administrators This course is designed to give exposure and training in the best practices for day-to-day operations management in an eye hospital. Each student is guided to develop and take back a detailed action plan to implement the new ideas and concepts learned in the course. Two courses were held in 2005 – 10th batch (March 1– April 9) and 11th batch (October 1 – November 10). There were thirteen participants for the tenth course, of which nine were from India and one each from Zambia, China, Cameroon and Kenya. A total of 20 persons from India, Bangladesh, Peru, Ecuador, Cambodia, East Africa and Tanzania, participated in the eleventh course. TRAINING IN COMMUNITY OUTREACH Certificate Course on Community Outreach and Social Marketing in Eye Care Services The course is aimed to train people responsible for managing 52

The first batch of students for the outreach programmes and eye camps in Government, Private, NGOFellowship Programme in Eye Hospital and Charitable hospitals. The course is designed to enhance theManagement knowledge and skills for developing capacity to plan and manage the outreach programmes in a most effective and efficient manner. Besides the class room teaching, the participants spend most part of their time in going to the community and camp sites, learning through observation and working along with the Aravind staff. Two courses were held this year - 17th batch (June 15-July 14) & 18th batch (November 15- December 14). Seventeen participants from India, Nepal, Bangladesh and Afghanistan were trained in these two batches. OTHER TRAINING PROGRAMMES FELLOWSHIP PROGRAMME IN EYE HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT (AN ACTIVITY UNDER THE LEADERSHIP ENHANCEMENT PROGRAMME-LEAP) “Health initiatives in developing countries often fail not because of scientific knowledge but of lack of managerial competence.” Realising this fact, LAICO has developed a comprehensive training programme, Leadership Enhancement Programme (LEAP), that would focus on developing appropriately trained human resource both in clinical and management areas for leading eye care programmes. In the clinical side the training focuses on building the capacity in administrative skills of the paramedical personnel. In the non-clinical area a Fellowship Programme in Eye Hospital Management has been started. The aim of this programme is to attract young health management professionals with leadership potential and train them for meeting the requirements of Aravind and its partner institutions. The training for the Fellows has been designed to provide structured inputs on the clinical, management and community aspects of eye care; to develop the managerial skills and capacities; to interact and network with experts in the field of health management and eye care; interact with community organizations & INGOs. On the job training would be given in all the administrative and clinical areas (including the sub-speciality areas) of the system. They would thus be groomed in the mould of Aravind’s culture and53

system. They will also be posted in an outside hospital in order to give an exposure to a different system and also to equip them to work in different environments. The first batch began on July 11, 2005 with seven Fellows. These fellows on completion of the training will be employed as managers in various areas according to the aptitude, skills and the requirement in the system. Dr. Sandra Dratler and Dr. Kristiana Raube, University of California, USA were here from July 18-23, to review LEAP.Mr. Poornachandran with the Instrument OFF-SITE TRAININGMaintenance trainees in Kenya OPHTHALMIC EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE TRAININGMr. Poornachandran with the InstrumentMaintenance trainees in Bangladesh In KenyaProf.V.Srinivasan with the trainees in February 7-March 21VietnamMr. Keerti Pradhan offering Eye Care The Kikuyu programme was the third overseas programme of its typeManagement training in South Africa conducted by the Instruments Maintenance Department. The training was offered by Prof. V. Srinivasan, Mr. Poornachandran and Mr. Sridhar. The participants were from Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Malawi, Cameroon, Ethiopia and Nigeria. The Instruments Maintenance camp at the Provincial Government Hospital, Neyri and a second camp at Consolata Mission Hospital near Neyri gave the trainees an opportunity to put their recently acquired skills to use. Prof. V. Srinivasan was invited by the Ophthalmic Society of East Africa to give a talk on Instruments Maintenance to its members on March 10. In Chittagong, Bangladesh September 23-30 Prof. V. Srinivasan and Mr. S. Poornachandran conducted an Instruments Maintenance Course for the Senior Paramedics of Bangladesh National Society for the Prevention of Blindness (BNSB) at Chittagong Eye Infirmary. Seven participants from different parts of Bangladesh of BNSB hospital participated. In Hanoi,Vietnam October 23-29 Prof. V. Srinivasan was at the National Institute of Ophthalmology, Vietnam to evaluate the Instruments Maintenance Training Course being conducted by the trainers trained at Aravind-Madurai. EYE CARE MANAGEMENT TRAINING FOR VISION 2020 COMMUNITY EYE HEALTH COURSE PARTICIPANTS Cape Town, South Africa, September 5-9 Mr. Keerti Pradhan was invited to teach the management module of the VISION 2020 community eye health course. The week long module covering core concepts in eye care (Quality, Sustainability and Service Marketing). At the end of the module, participants were able 54

Mr. Selvakumar with the optical to develop a district plan for comprehensive eye care services thatdispensing course team in Bangladesh would cover a population of one million. There were 20 participants from Botswana, Mozambique, Malawi, Madagascar, South Africa,Dr. P.Namperumalsamy lighting the Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe.lamp at PRISM 2005 TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE IN DEVELOPING AN OPTICAL DISPENSING COURSE Dhaka, Bangladesh, September 28–October 4 State University of Bangladesh, a private university in Dhaka intends to offer a three month optical dispensing course. ORBIS Bangladesh invited LAICO to provide technical assistance in developing this course. ORBIS is to support and run this short-term course with State University of Bangladesh (SUB). Mr. Selvakumar, Faculty, Department of Optometry went as the technical consultant. During his visit, he met ophthalmologists, ophthalmic assistants and optical workers from various reputed eye hospitals and optical shops to understand the current status of optical service and what is expected of them. He prepared and submitted a detailed syllabus, training schedule and helped the University to set up an optical training lab. ORBIS Bangladesh signed an MOU with LAICO for this project.Mr.K.RamanKutty,Dr.Rana Mehta,and CONTINUING PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION PROGRAMMESMr. Sunil Karanjikar at PRISM 2005 PRISM 2005 - ANNUAL MANAGEMENT MEET FOR HOSPITAL MANAGEMENTFirst LAICO Alumni Meet STUDENTS AND PRACTICING ADMINISTRATORS LAICO, April 16 This was organised by the students of PGDHM as a co-curricular activity in the Managerial Skills Module. The sessions focused on Operations Management, Marketing, Human Resource Management, Quality and Health Insurance. The Guest Faculty included: - Dr. Rana Mehta, Asst. Vice President, Apollo Hospitals, Colombo - Mr. K. Raman Kutty, Executive Director, Health Action by People, Govt. of Kerala - Mr. Zahid Hussain, Manager-Operations, Apollo Hospitals, Ahmedabad - Mr. Sunil Karanjikar, Deputy Director, Personnel and HR, P.D. Hinduja National Hospitals & MRC, Mumbai - Mr. T.N. Sekar, General Manager, Apollo Hospitals, Madurai - Ms. Sarumathy, Quality Service Manager, Meenakshi Mission Hospital and Research Centre, Madurai Over 140 candidates including students from various institutions of South India participated in this event. FIRST LAICO ALUMNI MEET April 17 The management of Aravind Eye Care System, students of Post Graduate Diploma in Hospital Management and the participants of the one month Management Training & Systems Development for55

Hospital Administrators jointly started an Alumni Association. The first meeting was held on April 17. Ms. Mythili, PGDHM student 2004- 2005 and Mr. Reetesh Choudhary, PGDHM 2004-2005 spoke about the meet and introduced the members present at the meet. Mr. R. D. Thulasiraj highlighted the purpose of the Alumni Associa- tion and its function. The participants named the Alumni Association “LAHMA”- LAICO Alumni for Hospital Managers and Administrators. The objectives of LAHMA is to develop a network among the Alumni to share and provide updates on health care management through journals and magazines and initiate placement services.Aravind and LAICO consultancy division INTERNAL CAPACITY BUILDINGfaculty members with Mr. Collin Williamsand Mr. John Bickell, W2 Consulting , UK CONSULTING FOR CAPACITY MASTER CLASS CREATING THE MECHANISMS FOR TRANSFERRING BEST PRACTICE ON A WORLDWIDE SCALE November 29-30 With “managed hospitals” as a growth strategy and increased involvement in consultancy, LAICO recognised the need for faculty members and ophthalmologists involved in consultancy to sharpen their skills as Consultants who can influence the direction and activities of others. The workshop aimed to provide practical experience with participants working in pairs on a live issue. The facilitators for this workshop were Mr. Colin Williams and Mr. John Bickell from W2 Consulting, UK- experienced consultants who are long time associates and well wishers of Aravind. John Bickell was responsible for starting the India Community Affairs Programme in Allied Dunbar (now ZFS). Collin Williams was the first assignee from 56

Allied Dunbar to Aravind and he helped shape the LAICO consultancy programme for partner hospitals. Eighteen members from across the five Aravind Eye Hospitals and LAICO participated in the workshop. The participants came prepared for the workshop with issues that they would work on during this workshop. During the first day the participants listed down a set of problems they faced in various areas. The issues were categorised and addressed within the consulting framework. The contracting model was discussed, following which, each participant with guidance from the trainers, developed action plans to address the consulting issues in an efficient way. III. PROJECTS DIVISION LAICO Projects Division contributes to the elimination of needless blindness through - Effective provision of end to end project management systems and processes - Development of project management capability through constant training and capacity building. The main areas of work under this division will be to develop the right approaches to Project Development & Management, evaluation of the projects, and provide Project Management Training. CARE (Creating Access for Rural Eye Care Project) The CARE programme seeks to bring about a sustainable change in the health-seeking behavior of the community. A one year pilot project covering a population of 100,000 in Nellikuppam block in Panruti Taluk in the service area of Aravind - Pondicherry was implemented last year. Another pilot project was launched at Aravind-Madurai on May 1, as an extension of the CARE project at Pondicherry. This project, which is a community based initiative supported by Essilor India seeks to influence the health seeking behaviour and increase the sustainability of the outreach activities and at the same time increase the uptake of eye care services in the rural areas. The project area constitutes 28 revenue villages within a 10 km. radius around the newly established Community Eye Clinic in Melur. The area includes Melur and Kottampatti Blocks. The field workers will remain in this area throughout the year monitoring the uptake of eye care services by the community. They are identifying patients with notable eye problems and referring them to the eye care facility to obtain adequate intervention. These patients are utilising Aravind Community Eye Clinic at Melur for outpatient services and Aravind-Madurai for speciality care and inpatient services.57

IV. RESEARCH DIVISION EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES AND COMMUNITY PROJECTS Epidemiology of Age-related eye diseases in India-INDEYE Cataract and Age–Related Macular Degeneration (ARM / AMD) are the major causes of vision impairment and blindness worldwide and occur almost exclusively in the older population. This multicentric study is done in collaboration with London School of Hygeine and Tropical Medicine led by Dr. Astrid Fletcher. It covers a population of 6000 people aged 60 years and above at 2 centres, one at RP Centre, Delhi and the other at Aravind Eye Hospital, Pondicherry. Each centre will examine 3,000 patients at the clinic. Started in January 2005, the study is expected to be completed by August 2006. Diabetic Retinopathy Survey On May 10-12, Mr. R.D. Thulasiraj, Mr. Karthick Prakash, Dr. R.D. Ravindran, Dr. Badrinath and Ms. Hema attended the INDEYE Study Review Meeting at Dr. R.P. Centre, Delhi.Prof.V.Srinivasan as a faculty member in CONFERENCES ATTENDED Mr. R.D. Thulasiraj participated in thethe workshop in Jamaica Guest Lecture Human Resource Working Group Meeting in Dubai, April 8-9 Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad, February 10 The Advanced Clinical Engineering MR. R.D. THULASIRAJ Workshop - Marketing in health care organised by ORBIS International, Orientation Prog. for Policy Makers American College of Clinical Engi- neering, Ministry of Health, Jamaica (organised by ORBIS) and Pan American Health Organiza- Indian Institute of Management, tion was held at Kingston, Jamaica on Kolkata, February 12 April 11-15. MR. R.D. THULASIRAJ Prof. V. Srinivasan was a Faculty - National Programme for control of Member for the Workshop and lectured on blindness: Rationale and effectiveness - Instruments Maintenance and CII conference on“Building Partnerships Instruments used in Ophthalmology between Society & Corporate Sector” Thirty-six technicians from different Caribbean countries participated Mumbai, February 16 DR. P. NAMPERUMALSAMY Curso Internacional De Salud Ocular - Sustainable social development Comunitaria through innovation and collaboration Lima, Peru, May 16-19 – Public – Private partnership in social The meeting was organised by CBM projects / health to prepare the launch of VISION 2020 programme at Peru. This was a four Seminar day conference attended by hundred ophthalmologists from Peru, Equador, Indian Institute of Management, Cuba and other countries. Dr. S. Ahmedabad, February 17 Aravind attended the conference. DR. P. NAMPERUMALSAMY - The role of information technology in eye care / health 58

Mr. Keerti Pradhan in Spain 5th World Congress of International International Seminar on Strategic Health Economics Association Issues and Challenges in HealthDr. R.D. Ravindran at the VISION 2020 Managementworkshop for CBM in New Delhi Barcelona, Spain, July 10 - 14 MR. KEERTI PRADHAN IIM, Ahmedabad, November 24-2659 - Impact of vision correction- Policy MR. KEERTI PRADHAN - Aravind Capacity Development Model and economics of health Mr. R.D. Thulasiraj attended the Acumen Fund Conference National Conclave of Lions Eye Bellagio, Italy, July 25-29 Hospitals MR. R.D. THULASIRAJ - Building Sustainable Enterprises for in Ahmedabad, December 26-27 the poor: Best practices and Lessons VISION 2020 Workshop for CBM for the field (SARO-N) partner hospitals Seminar Programme New Delhi, April 21-23 Mr. R. D. Thulasiraj, Dr. R. D. Ravindran National Institute of Advanced and Mr. Muralikrishnan went as Studies (NIAS), Bangalore, August 4 faculty. Fifty participants representing MR. R.D. THULASIRAJ 28 hospitals participated in this - Leadership in Aravind Eye Hospitals workshop. The workshop included discussions on global blindness, Mr. R.D. Thulasiraj attended the VISION 2020, core concepts of eye care, cataract, refractive errors, low IAPB Council of Members Meeting vision, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy. They developed plans to combat in Hanoi, Vietnam, September 12-17 three major diseases; cataract, refractive errors and diabetic retin- Mr. R.D. Thulasiraj participated in the opathy. community ophthalmology session of National Workshop on Resource 10th Dr. R.K. Seth Memorial Symposium Mobilization in Venu Eye Institute, New Delhi, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, September 29- October 2 May 26-27 DR. P. NAMPERUMALSAMY The workshop was organised by PANELIST SESSION VIII: DIABETIC RETINOPATHY VISION 2020: The Right to Sight-India, - Strategies in Diabetic Retinopathy: in association with L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad. Screening MR. R.D.THULASIRAJ - How to run your NGO into a IIM Calcutta Workshop sustainable organisation? Organised by IIM Alumni, Calcutta, October 21 MR. R.D. THULASIRAJ - In Service for Sight: Aravind Eye Hospital Mr. R.D. Thulasiraj attended the Meeting to Formulate VISION 2020 action plan for Tamil Nadu in Chennai, June 14 VISION 2020:Right to Sight Workshop on Community Eye Health L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, August 25-27 Mr. R.D. Thulasiraj participated as a resource person and spoke on - Monitoring and evaluating eye care facilities - AppropriateTechnology

ARAVINDTELE-OPHTHALMOLOGY NETWORKInside the V-SAT van Aravind Tele-ophthalmology Network (ATN) was launched in 2002At a Grand Rounds Session with with support from ORBIS and Acumen Fund. Since then,Singapore National Eye Centre Tele-medicine link has been established between Aravind Eye Hospi- tals at Madurai, Coimbatore, Theni, Tirulnelveli and Pondichery to share the expertise across all the hospitals, and thus reduce patient transportation and manage inadequate specialist availability. Aravind is also using this approach for developing tele-medicine solutions to reach a wider network of ophthalmologists and enhance their skills. Activities of ATN - Patient Consultations – Real Time & Store & Forward; - Education; - Reading & Grading Centre with Mobile Van & Vision Centres Today real time consultations are carried out across the Aravind system which includes patient’s consultations with experts, Grand rounds (cases of academic interest), Journal club (Clinical research and management articles), Clinical meetings, Special lectures and regular class session. This facility allows Aravind ophthalmologists to interact with faculty in the reputed institutions around the world like Wilmer Eye Institute, Cornell University and Columbia University. In order to make it affordable to all eye care programmes, Aravind has developed a unique tele-ophthalmology solution, ‘eyesTalk – Beyond frontiers’. This uses Store and Forward technology to provide second opinion and expert advice. This software supports the integration of digital ophthalmic imaging equipments to capture images. Referring ophthalmologists require a computer attached to the ophthalmic equipment to capture images and internet connectivity to transfer the captured information to the experts. Experts at the other end will review the images and information and share their opinion through the same software. This is currently being tested and used among Aravind Eye Hospitals. Same will be rolled out to other hospitals shortly. AECS conducts Diabetic Retinopathy camps using the mobile V-SAT van to provide retinal diagnostic services to the rural patients. Digital case sheets of the diabetic patients are sent from the mobile terminal through DR software to the Reading and Grading centre in Madurai where all the digital images and information are graded and the opinion is relayed back to the mobile terminal in the van and real time consultation is carried out if necessary. Vision Centres are connected with the base hospital through wireless connectivity to enable direct patient consultation and interaction with the ophthalmologists at Theni. 60

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (IT) & SYSTEMSVarious applications of IT & Systems at Aravind pioneers in using IT for patient care management. It startedAravind in 1983 with 2 Apple-II computers used for maintaining patient data, payroll and research data. Then in 1991 on-line patient care manage-61 ment system software was introduced at Madurai with a network of 11 computers. Today Local Area Network is available in all the five Aravind Eye hospitals. A Wide Area Network is in place to share the data among all the hospitals. The department is functioning under the leadership of Mr.R.D. Thulasiraj, Director–IT & Systems. All Aravind IT activities are managed by a central team at LAICO in coordination with respective satellite hospitals staff. IT & Systems department in each location supports the users, improves the software and works with users for the development of new systems. Central team takes care of new development, improving existing systems and also providing services for other eye hospitals to implement IT. IT is widely used for the following key applications at Aravind Eye Care System: · Integrated Hospital Management System software to manage patient care areas. · Electronic Medical Records (EMR) in Bio-Chemistry and Microbiology Labs · Community Outreach Management system · Materials Management system · Financial Accounting · Human Resource Management system · Eyebank Management · Intranet for sharing information within the organisation · Tele-Ophthalmology · Eyestalk – A tool for clinical consultation · DRAGON: Diabetic Retinopathy Grading Over Network · Training Courses Management system · Consultancy Management system · Research Data Management systems · Fingerprint based attendance system • VISION 2020 e-resource IHMS (INTEGRATED HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM) SOFTWARE & ITS IMPLEMENTATION IN OTHER HOSPITALS IT & Systems Department in all Aravind Eye Hospitals takes care of the new development, improving existing systems and also providing consultancy services for other eye hospitals to implement IT. Three software solutions have been developed by the team, namely AUROHMS (Integrated Hospital Management Software), AUROMIS (A mini version of AUROHMS with all basic reports for small hospitals) and AUROCATQA (A tool to monitor outcome of cataract surgeries) and it is being offered to other hospitals. In 2005, the IT team visited the following hospitals to implement the software customizing it to the requirement of the hospital. - Mr. Ganesh Babu and Mr. Thirukumar visited H.V Desai Eye hospital, Pune, Maharashtra on January 6-25 and implemented the AUROHMS. - Mr. Thirukumar visited Sri Sankara Eye Hospital, Pammal, Chennai on May 24-26 and implemented Cataract Quality Assurance Trial version.

IT Team - Mr. Purushothaman visited the Eye Department of Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre Hospital, Moshi, Tanzania on June 19, to update softwareMr. Ganesh Babu discussing with the implemented by Aravind in 2003 for registration and medical recordadministrative staff of Islamia Hospital, management. He trained the respective personnel in the RegistrationDhaka Department in using the software. He also implemented and trained the personnel in using the Cataract Quality Assurance module.Mr. Ganesh Babu, Mr. Panneer Selvam andMr. Kannan discussing with the - Mr. Ganesh Babu was in BNSB, Chittagong Hospital and in Islamia Hospital,administrative staff of Bangladesh Dhaka on July 11-17, to present details of the software to the hospitalNational Society for the Blind (BNSB) eye team and observe their current workflow and system to assess thehospitals, Bangladesh feasibility of implementing Aravind’s software and at the end of the visit, a report with a proposal was submitted for this assignment. ORBIS,Mr. Purushothaman at KCMC hospital, Bangladesh signed an MOU with LAICO for this assignment.Moshi,Tanzania - Mr. Ganesh Babu, Mr. Kannan and Mr. Thirukumar visited Sri Sanakaradeva Netralaya (SSN), Guwahati, to assess the arrangements for the implementation of the software. The software was implemented on July 20. - Mr. Kannan and Mr. Thirukumar visited Siliguri Greater Lions Eye Hospital (SGLEH), Siliguri on August 17-27, for implementing the software. - Mr. Kannan and Mr. Oliver Selvam visited Ahalia Eye Hospital, Kerala on September 27-October 15 and implemented the software. - Mr. Thirukumar and Mr. Purushothaman visited Dr. Shroff Charity Eye Hospital (Multispeciality hospital), Delhi on October 8-November 4 and implemented the software. - A team consisting of Mr. Ganesh Babu, Mr. Panneer Selvam, Mr. Thirukumar, Mr. Oliver and Mr. Kannan implemented the AUROHMS in 5 hospitals of Bangladesh National Society for the Blind (BNSB) at Mymensingh, Moulibazaar, Patuakali, Chandpur and Dinajpur. This was carried out over a period of 12 weeks starting on December 2. In each hospital after the implementation there was an observation period for 3 days. In addition, two staff members from each of the hospitals at Moulibazaar, Chandpur, Dinajpur and Patuakali attended a training programme for one week. IT RETREAT 2005 May 21 A Retreat for the IT personnel was organised to review current Information Technology (IT) activities, develop strategies and specific objectives for 2005-2006. All heads of IT & Systems Departments from all Aravind Eye Hospitals and the central office team at LAICO participated. Mr. Sathya Sankar from Chennai was invited to share his expertise in this regard. Dr. P. Namperumalsamy, Vice Chairman, Aravind-Madurai and Dr. R.D. Ravindran, Aravind-Pondicherry shared their thoughts and inputs on working towards users’ perspective through a video-conferencing session. Several strategies were developed and various areas for IT application was discussed and prioritised. It was decided to have such a meeting every quarter and a review every month. 62

HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENTThe Human Resource (HR) team plays The official launching of the department happened on January 7 at thean important role in enabling the HR workshop facilitated by Ms. Cindy Harrison, Vice President-HR,Aravind Eye Care System to attain its Chelsea Community Hospital, Michigan, USA. During this workshopvision to eliminate needless blindness which was attended by all the HR and Personnel Department staff ofthrough a variety of services.The HR all the five hospitals, a clear cut plan was made relating to all theteam’s plan is to achieve this by activities that the HR team should achieve in 2005. Several trainingcontinually fostering a healthy, fair, programmes were conducted for the staff to help in improving theirequitable work environment that will performance in their jobs. Structured processes were initiated forattract and retain excellent employees determining the requirements of various departments. Retreats wereand enable them to develop to their full planned at services level to think ahead and get organised to realizepotential and promote effective growth in various dimensions-patient care, teaching, research, etc.management practices. WORKSHOP ON IMPLEMENTING HUMAN RESOURCE STRATEGIESMs. Asha, Dr. G. Natchiar, Ms. Deepa,Ms. Preethi with Ms. Cindy Harrison, April 1-2Vice-President-HR, Chelsea CommunityHospital The main purpose of the workshop was to take forward the HR strategies framed during Cindy Harrison’s visit to Aravind. It was a follow-up of the previous workshop held on January 7-8. HR representatives from all the Aravind Eye Hospitals and Central Office participated in the workshop. During the workshop, the following four strategies were discussed in detail and action plans were prepared: 1. Human resource planning 2. Relating employee’s role to organisation’s mission 3. Training for managers 4. Developing employee feedback system.Newly recruited MLOP Supervisors & MLOP SUPERVISORS AND MLOP TUTORSTutors with LAICO-Aravind Faculty This year the HR department played a major role in creating a new cadre from among the Mid Level Ophthalmic Personnel (MLOP), the MLOP Supervisors & MLOP Tutors. The main reasons for creating this cadre are · To create a formal supervisory cadre among MLOPs · To create a separate structure with staffing for strengthening our internal MLOP training programme. · To standardise the MLOP Training programme in all the five Aravind Eye Hospitals. · Aravind future directions require larger number of this cadre. Over the last week of July a total of 30 candidates across the63

At the MLOP training session five hospitals were selected through a stringent multi-selection pro-‘Cataract Retreat’ cess and promoted to this cadre-twenty for the post of Supervisors and ten as Tutors. They underwent a ten day intensive orientation programme starting from August 1-11 at LAICO, Madurai. This helped them share new ideas and to learn innovative ways among themselves. At the end of this orientation training programme, the supervisors and tutors had come up with: • Job descriptions of Supervisor and Tutor • Service Excellence Standards - MLOPs • Initiated Journal Club for MLOPs • Individual Action plan for next three months To review their performance and to update their knowledge and skill, the second CME was conducted for them from October 27-29. At the end of this CME, they framed Action Plan for the next three months. Apart from this, the new cadre had training on spoken English from September-November. The creation of this cadre will considerably strengthen Aravind’s MLOP Programme. CATARACT RETREAT For quite sometime, there has been a felt need to develop a broad vision and standardise clinical care, surgical interventions, training and education among the various specialities across all five hospitals. As a first step, the HR Department facilitated the ‘Cataract Retreat’ for the cataract personnel across all five hospitals. It was held on July 30 & 31 and the follow up meet on August 21 at Aravind-Madurai. The meeting further facilitated discussions regarding possible clinical and epidemiological research. Similar exercise is planned for all departments. WORKSHOP FOR CLINIC CO-ORDINATORS A workshop was conducted for the Clinic Co-ordinators on August 26-27 to help them better understand their role in the development of their department. MISSION DAY CELEBRATIONS From 2005, October 1, Chairman Dr. G. Venkataswamy’s birthday will be celebrated as “Mission Day” to reaffirm Aravind’s mission among the employees and stress the importance of their role and doing it in the “Aravind way” in attaining it. A week prior to the Mission Day, detailed session on Aravind’s Mission was taken to all the employees of Aravind Eye Care System. An Aravind Anthem developed by the employees was premiered on the Mission day. 64

ARAVIND - COMMMUNICATIONSThe Publications Division Aravind Communications plays an important role in fulfilling theMr. Shanmugavelayutham video- publication,communication, health education and publicity materialdocumenting a meeting in LAICOPhtographing a close-up view of a needs of Aravind Eye Care System in its mission to eliminate needlesspatient’s eye blindness. Equipped with the state-of-the-art desktop publishing65 facilities, digital photography, videography, video-editing and projection facilities, the Communications Division caters to all multimedia requirements of Aravind Eye Care System. The Publications Division takes care of all print and electronic media needs, from stationary to annual reports and text books in ophthalmology. It plays an important role in patient education, through patient information brochures and posters on various eye disorders. It brings out - ‘Kannoli’, a Tamil monthly journal to educate people on eye care - ‘Aravind News’, a monthly in-house newsletter, - ‘Illumination’, a quarterly ophthalmic journal, - ‘Compassion’ , a quarterly journal for Mid Level Ophthalmic Personnel. - the annual activity report of Aravind Eye Care System Apart from these, several course materials and manuals are prepared for the various training programmes the Aravind offers. All pre-press work - illustrations, layout, editing etc. is done by the Communications staff. Apart from print, the department also designs and maintains www.aravind.org site and the web-based publications - VISION 2020 e-resource website www.v2020eresource.org and ‘Sitenews’as well as the ‘Thagaval Vattam’ the intranet of Aravind Eye Care System. It brings out ‘Thingal Udhayam’, a weekly bilingual intranet magazine for Aravind staff, showcasing staff talent. The department meets all presentation needs for conferences, grand rounds etc. Equipped with Panasonic DVX 102 A, and Avid express Pro, the Videography Division develops instructional videos and awareness films. Interactive videos of unique surgical procedures serve as great teaching aids. Instructional videos on nursing and house-keeping procedures serve as effective training material. The Division has developed several video programmes to create awareness among the public about eye donation and diabetic retinopathy. In 2005, the department of Instruments Maintenance and the Videography Division brought out an interactive video on ophthalmic Instrument Mainte- nance. The Photography Division documents all important occasions - inaugurations, eye camps, seminars, conferences and VIP visits and meets all other photography needs of Aravind Eye Care System. Major part of their work involves taking clinical photographs for the various departments, mainly to be used for education and training.

ARAVIND MEDICAL RESEARCH FOUNDATIONThough Aravind Eye Hospitals are The research activities at Aravind began within a year of itsknown for their service delivery, establishment, leading to one of the first publications documenting theevidence and research have always barriers to accessing eye care. Since then several research studiesbeen the platform on which service have taken place to provide evidence to directly influence servicedelivery models were built. delivery models. Subsequently, research activities increased, leading to the formation of a separate organisation known as Aravind Medical Research Foundation. Access to the world’s largest volume of eye patients, state-of-the- art diagnostic and treatment facilities, sophisticated data management systems and extensive community outreach work make Aravind ideal for clinical research, population based studies, social and health systems research. Apart from research in basic sciences like genetics, immunology, microbiology, molecular and stem cell biology, several randomised clinical trials and drug trials are in progress across the five Aravind Eye Hospitals to evaluate various intervention options and clinical outcome.Prof. VR. Muthukkaruppan and ONGOING PROJECTSDr. P. Namperumalsamy with Dr. Paul • Molecular genetics of Primary Open Angle Glaucoma in IndianSieving during the Indo-US Meet Population and structure-function analysis of myocilin protein. • Novel molecular diagnostics for eye diseases: Screening of glaucoma gene (MYOC, OPTN, CYP1B1 and OPTC) mutations in South Indian population. • Studies on the genetics of inherited aniridia in Indian population. • Involvement of transcription factor gene PAX6 in various congenital ocular anomalies in Indian population. • Identification of candidate genes and screening for mutations of genes associated with Type II Diabetic Retinopathy. • Studies on the proangiogenic and vascular growth factors in relation to the pathogenesis of Eales’ disease and Diabetic Retinopathy. • The molecular genetics of congenital cataract in the Indian population. • Screening for mutations in CRYBA1 and CRYGC genes in cataract patients in Southern India. • Immunology of Fungal Keratitis. • Pathogenic mechanism of uveitis associated with past leptospirosis. • Characterisation and in-vitro expansion of human corneal epithelial stem cells. • Population based surveillance of Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS) in South Indian Children. • Sero survey on the immune status of health care personnel against Rubella in an eye hospital. • Population based epidemiological study on Diabetic Retinopathy. • Epidemiology of age related eye diseases in India-INDEYE Study. 66

MOU between Aravind Eye Care System MAJOR EVENTS 2005and Singapore National Eye Centrethrough video conference Memorandum of Understanding - Between Singapore National Eye Centre andIndo-US Vision Research Scientists Joint Aravind Eye Care SystemGroup visit The research team from Singapore National Eye Centre visitedThe Aravind team with other participants Aravind Medical Research Foundation and MOU for collaborativeat the WHO Meeting studies was signed in September. Indo-US Vision Research Scientists Joint Group Visit February 14 The Aravind Eye Hospital hosted a joint Working group of Indo-US Vision Research Scientists under the aegis of the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO) and the National Eye Institute, USA. 50 Vision Research Scientists from 18 reputed US Universities including Harvard and Duke, visited four Premier Eye Care institutes in India. This joint exercise was hosted by Dr. Namperumalsamy, Director of the Aravind Eye Care System and was jointly chaired by Dr. Paul Kaufman who is the Executive Vice President of ARVO, Dr. Paul Sieving and Leon Ellewin of the NEI and Dr. Balasubramaniam, Director of Ophthalmic Research at LVPEI. The emphasis in this collaborative effort was translating breakthrough in the laboratory to influence potential cure for blinding eye diseases prevalent in the country (Bench to Bedside applications). This endeavour for the first time brought under a single umbrella Vision Research Scientists from reputed eye institutes in India and the US to discuss and explore possibilities of collaborative research in vision sciences and ophthalmology amongst scientists. WHO Steering Committee Subgroup Meeting London, October 12-13 The Subgroup Meeting of the WHO Steering Committee on Epidemiology and Field Research was convened at the Health Protec- tion Agency (HPA), London to review findings of the WHO-spon- sored Aravind Eye Hospital study of Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS). This is the largest prospective study of CRS conducted anywhere in the world during the past 30 years, and a huge amount of data has been obtained during the 5 years of the study. This meeting was hosted at the Virus Reference Department of HPA, London, which also served as the reference laboratory for the Aravind Eye67

Dr. R. Kim at the Allergan Investigators Hospital CRS study since 2001. From Aravind Eye Care System,Meet Dr. P. Vijayalakshmi, Principal Investigator of the Aravind CRS study; Mr. Karthick Prakash, the biostatistician for the study; and Ms. Amala, Ph.D student, who has conducted the serological testing at the Aravind Rubella Research Laboratory attended the meeting. Mr. Featherstone, Project Leader for the WHO Global Measles and Rubella Laboratory Network attended the meeting recognising the global importance of the Aravind CRS study. VISITS ABROAD Indo-US Collaborative Research Workshop Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA, April 29-30 Organised by ARVO and assisted by National Eye Institute, Bethesda. This workshop was a follow-up of the meeting held at Aravind-Madurai on February 14. Dr. P. Namperumalsamy, Dr. VR. Muthukkaruppan and Dr. S.R. Krishnadas participated. Discussions were held to explore the possibili- ties of collaboration with the Universities in US on research in basic sciences. At the meeting Dr. S.R. Krishnadas briefly outlined the five collaborative projects to be pursued under this programme. Dr.VR. Muthukkaruppan presented a poster on “Uveitis in patients with post leptospiral infection- Is it endotoxin medi- ated?” After the ARVO 2005, Dr. VR. Muthukkaruppan visited several institutes and met several eminent senior researchers and ophthalmologists in US. - At Cullen Eye Institute, Baylon College of Medicine, Houston, he discussed human corneal epithelial stem cells with Dr. Pflugfelder and Dr. De-Quan Li. He also presented a paper on Aravind’s recent studies on a new method of identification of corneal epithelial stem cells using confocal microscopy. - At the Department of Ophthalmology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, he discussed two proposed collaborative projects with Dr. Paul Kaufman, Dr. Nadar, Sheibani and other senior staff. He also met Dr. Suresh Chandra, Dr. Chris Murphy of Veterinary School and Dr. Robert Auerback, his major professor for Ph.D. - At National Eye Institute, Bethesda he discussed Uveitis with Dr. Chi-Chao Chan, and Dr. Nussenblalt. Here he presented a paper on ‘Analysis of aqueous humor for infiltrating cells and cytokines in leptospiral uveitis patients’. - At the Joslin Diabetic Centre and Beetham Eye Institute he met Dr. Paul Aiello, Dr. Jerry Cavallerano and presented a paper on various research projects being carried out at Aravind Medical Research Foundation. He also discussed the collaborative projects on Diabetic Retinopathy with Dr. Aiello. Investigators Meeting Athens, Greece, October 26-29 Dr. R. Kim attended the Allergan Investigators meeting. Visitors • Mr. Li JIN, Immunisation and Diagnosis Unit, Virus Reference Division, Centre for Infections, Health Protection Agency, London (February 20- March 13) regarding CRS study. • Dr. Susan Robertson March 12-25 for data cleaning in the CRS study. She once again visited from September 8-16 to discuss about publications from the CRS study. • Mr. Tejas Desai, IIM – Ahmedabad was at Madurai from November 2-6 to develop a model for assessing clinical resource requirement. 68

ARAVIND EYE BANKSDr. M.Srinivasan explaining the ROTARY ARAVIND INTERNATIONAL EYE BANK,MADURAIsignificance of eye donation to the PatientCounsellors In the year 2005, Rotary Aravind International Eye Bank, besides its eye ball collection and processing work, was involved in variousAt the inaugurationof Aravind-IOB activities. It took new initiatives to improve the eye ball collection.Eye Bank at Aravind-Coimbatore Various initiatives were taken to increase the awareness about eye donation among the general public. Awareness programmes were arranged in colleges, self-help groups, Lions Clubs, Rotary Clubs and in Non Profit Organisations. With the co-operation from the Diabetic Retinopathy staff, Eye Bank has given 15 awareness lectures to the outpatients and their attenders who came to the hospital. The Eye Bank recovered a total of 1,610 corneal tissues from 817 donors in 2005. This represents a 6% increase in the collection of eye balls over the last year. After grading the corneal tissues for grafting, 530 tissues were used. DISTRIBUTION SERVICES The distribution of corneas has increased to 115 in 2005. In total 22% of the graftable corneas were distributed to other eye hospitals. COLLECTION CENTRES Eye Donation Collection Centres include 19 Lions Clubs, 2 Rotary Clubs, 3 Voluntary Organisations, and the two Aravind Eye Hospitals at Theni and Pondicherry. Eyes were also received from Seattle Eye Bank. Lions Club of Kumbakonam has collected the maximum number (339) of eye balls, contributing to 21% of the total. Eye ball collection in Madurai has increased from 269 to 322. This year, through HCRP (Hospital Cornea Retrieval Programme) 30 eye balls were collected. OTHER ACTIVITIES 1. Dr. M. Srinivasan, Director-Eye Bank attended the Rotary Club of Madurai Mid Town meeting on September 1. He spoke on the involvement of Rotary Club in Eye donation activities. 2. Mrs. Nirmala, Eye Bank Coordinator attended the Eye Donation and Eye Banking Workshop at Chennai conducted by Sankara Nethralaya and NPCB on September 6. ARAVIND-IOB EYE BANK,COIMBATORE On January 28, Mr. M. Shanmugam, Deputy General Manager, Indian Overseas Bank, Coimbatore, inaugurated Aravind-IOB Eye Bank. Dr. P. Namperumalsamy, Mr. G. Srinivasan, Dr.PDG Pratap Gokul Das, Rotary International District 3200 and Lion MJF.Sarathamani Palaniswamy were a few of the others who participated in the inaugural function. Several awareness creation programmes were also69

Mr. Kennet Morgan, Director, Rotary organised on various significant dates to initiate and motivate peopleInternational, USA during his visit to for eye donation. In the year 2005, the Eye Bank received a total ofRotary Aravind Eye Bank at Aravind- 438 eyes, out of which 271 eyes were used for transplantation.Tirunelveli ROTARY ARAVIND EYE BANK,TIRUNELVELI Stepping into the second year, the Eye bank has showed a progress in the corneal retrieval in the year 2005. The Eye Bank recovered a total of 44 corneas from 22 donors in the year 2005. 13 corneas were utilised for surgery, remaining for training purpose. Several awareness programmes were organised to stress the need for motivating the community to donate eyes. ARAVIND EYE BANK,PONDICHERRY In 2005, the eye bank received 67 corneal tissues from the local people and 47 corneal tissues from other Eye Banks. EVENTS 2005 20TH NATIONAL EYE DONATION FORTNIGHT The 20th National Eye Donation fortnight was observed throughout India from August 25 - September 8. Aravind Eye Hospitals conducted various programmes to create awareness among the public about the importance and the present status of eye donation in India. Posters and banners depicting the need and importance of eye donation were displayed in various public places. During the fortnight, articles on the same were published in various local newspapers. EYE DONATION AWARENESSWORKSHOP Aravind-Tirunelveli, September 6 Eye donation awareness workshop was conducted in association with Rotary Club, Tirunelveli West. It was inaugurated by Sri. K. Gopalakrishnan I.P.S., Inspector General of Police, Tirunelveli. Aravind Eye Bank staff spoke on various aspects of Eye Donation. 70

AUROLAB Beginning with the IOL division in 1992, Aurolab has consistently strived to explore growth opportunities and develop newer range of products to address the growing needs of the medical fraternity for affordable products. In 2005, Aurolab introduced a host of new products like dispos- able injectors for foldable lenses, absorbable sutures, 70 micron needles for microsurgeries and Trypan blue 0.15% for retinal surgery. Two new production divisions for manufacture of ophthalmic micro- surgical blades and ophthalmic instruments were added. Aurolab also initiated a project on Green Lasers used in Diabetic Retinopathy treatment. Aurolab formally handed over the entire spectacles surfacing and edging operations to its technical partner, Essilor India Private Limited, headquartered at Bangalore. INTRAOCULAR LENS DIVISION The need for low cost high quality ophthalmic consumables led to the establishment of the Intraocular Lens Division in 1992. The IOL division has come a long way since and has introduced a variety of products to cater to the differing and specific needs of the ophthalmologists. Aurolab introduced ‘Fluoriol’, the fluorine surface modified intraocular lenses early this year. These lenses, as they undergo a permanent modification on its surface, have stronger bonding with a smooth surface and lower surface energy. This results in reduced cell adhesion, reduced inflammatory cell response and longlasting optical performance. Most significantly, Fluoriol addresses the needs of glaucoma, uveitis, diabetes, PXF and paediatric patients. Through market research, Aurolab identified the need for a single use disposable injector for implanting foldable lenses. Aurolab introduced ‘Glide’, a single use (disposable) injector with an improved injection mechanism. This disposable injector eliminates the need for cleaning and maintaining of injectors, a process followed earlier. This lightweight injector has optimum spring tension in it and ensures controlled and smooth implantation of foldable lens. Aurolab also supplies a disposable cartridge with a locking mechanism to ensure proper loading and anti-trap movement of the foldable lens in the cartridge. The intraocular lens division has again recorded a good performance this year, both in PMMA lenses and acrylic foldable lenses. There is a 14% growth over last year’s performance in number of units sold.71

SUTURE NEEDLE DIVISION Apart from IOLs, there were other consumables that added to the cost of IOL surgery in 1990s. This prompted the need for in-house manufacture of suture needles. The Suture Needle Division was started in 1997, with transfer of technology from Germany. This division introduced ‘Aurocryl’, the Poly Glycolic Acid (PGA) synthetic violet braided absorbable sutures in the range of 8-0, 6-0 and 4-0 for ophthalmic segment. The absorbable sutures are strong, secure and soft and have 75% of tensile strength at 14 days and 50% tensile strength at 21 days. This division presently offers a complete range of ophthalmic sutures and suture needles covering cataract and other ophthalmic surgeries. This includes absorbable sutures and bigger size non-absorbable sutures used in ophthalmic surgeries. These new products are well accepted in the market. The division is now planning to meet the needs of cardiovascular and other microsurgery segments. It has developed over 20 surgical suture needles used in hand, vascular, nerve and capillary surgeries. These production capabilities are attributed to the long-term experience gained in manufacturing micro suture needles for ophthalmology. Aurolab produced and launched, for the first time in India, a 70 micron needle with 11-0 and 10-0 Nylon suture for microsurgical applications. Aurolab launched these products in the micro vascular hand surgery conference in Cochin in August 2005. The users are very happy with the performance of these new suture needles. Aurolab is able to offer its new products at prices lower, significantly lower than the market rates, keeping in line with Aurolab’s mission of making healthcare affordable. Currently this division is developing a low cost 22 gauge cannula for delivering viscoelastics during surgery.Aurolab staff 72

AuroCautery PHARMACEUTICAL DIVISION73 The modern state-of-the-art pharmaceutical division was established in 1997 with a mission to manufacture high quality ophthalmic formulations at an affordable cost. It now manufactures more than 50 ophthalmic drugs. In 2005, the pharmaceutical division developed ‘Retiblue, Tryphan Blue 0.15% for ILM and ERM staining and peeling. It is quick staining, safe and easy to use. Many more advanced ophthalmic drug formulations are under development. The quality control laboratory of this division is well equipped with modern analytical instruments and equipment to test these drugs. The pharmaceutical division is internationally recognised for the quality system followed and maintained at every stage of its production line. The entire manufacturing facility complies with schedule ‘M’ as per the Indian Drug Regulation. The pharmaceutical division is WHO – GMP certified for all ophthalmic drugs and major products are CE certified. In 2005, the division established a strong presence in the retinal pharmaceutical and surgical adjuncts market segments. This is a reflection of its commitment to consistent quality leading to high levels of customer satisfaction. MICROSURGICAL OPHTHALMIC BLADES DIVISION Aurolab, with its expertise and experience in ophthalmic consumables, now presents ‘AuroSharp’, the microsurgical blades, manufactured from high quality stainless steel material, with proven technology for consistent, precise, glare-free incisions. It provides an excellent and reliable cutting experience in every way, every time. Following successful clinical trials, Aurolab handed over its first set of ophthalmic blades to Dr. M. Srinivasan, Director of Aravind Eye Hospital, Madurai, on June 2005. The current product range includes: 1. Lance tip/ Side Port - 15 degree straight 2. Crescent - 2.5 mm Angled 3. Keratome - 3.0/3.2 mm Angled 4. Implant - 5.2 mm Angled INSTRUMENTS DIVISION Aurolab started an instruments division in 2005. This division has introduced ‘AuroCautery’, a radio frequency based Bipolar Coagulator Unit being used for ophthalmic surgeries. Aurolab has made the benefits of radio frequency coagulation available at affordable prices. AuroCautery is well received in the market and supplied to both National and International users.

HEARING AID DIVISION The hearing aid division of Aurolab was established in the year 2002 with the main objective of producing high quality and affordable hearing aids as a contract manufacturer for Project Impact USA. The trainers from Project Impact USA, visited Aurolab for follow up training and to discuss the new product developments in BTE (Behind The Ear) and ITE (Inside The Ear) hearing aids. With this fully equipped unit and trained staff, the division produced around 11,000 high quality affordable hearing aids. These hearing aids have received CE mark and FDA approval. Production at this division is subject to further contract manufacturing orders as Aurolab is not involved in promotion and marketing of these items.Dr. P. Balakrishnan receiving the first EVENTS 2005Green Laser Console prototype fromDr. Sahni, Director, Centre for AUROLAB’S GREEN LASER PROJECTAdvanced Technology (CAT), Indore Aravind Eye Hospital established TIFAC-CORE (Centre Of Relevance and Excellence) in Diabetic Retinopathy, with supportFirst Green Laser Console from the Department of Science & Technology (Government of India). Aurolab is one of the industrial partners of this centre. Based on the future need for making Diabetic Retinopathy treatment affordable and accessible, Aurolab initiated a project for the development of affordable “Green Laser Photocoagulator” widely used in the treatment of retinal diseases related to Diabetic Retinopathy. Aurolab entered into a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with the Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology (RRCAT) Indore, a premier scientific research institution of the country. Dr. T.P.S. Nathan, Head, Solid State Laser Division visited Aurolab in November 2004 to sign the MOU. By drawing from the pool of highly experienced laser technologists from RRCAT, Indore, this cooperative development project is an attempt to produce Green Lasers indigenously at a competitive and affordable price. This will enhance accessibility and availability of these lasers that are much needed in the treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy and other ophthalmic surgical procedures such as glaucoma and macular degeneration. The necessary work to design and develop the power source, solid-state laser optics, opto- electronic controls, mechanical assembly and delivery system were planned and carried out at RRCAT with appropriate input from Aurolab. The first prototype of a solid-state, Green Laser Console (532 nm wavelength), with the necessary operating controls was handed over by Dr. V.C. Sahni, Director and Dr. A.K. Nath, Head, Solid State Laser Division, to TIFAC-CORE in Diabetic Retinopathy at Aravind Eye Hospital for clinical evaluation and trials on September 2005. The results of the clinical trials are very encouraging. 74

Aurolab new building construction in ISO AUDITprogress.... Aurolab remains committed to the quality of its products. As a part of its strict adherence to quality systems, Aurolab monitors its processes and systems through regular inspection and regular internal and external audits. Underwriters Laboratories (UL) certified Aurolab with the ‘ISO 9001:2000’ with design certification in 2005. It has also received the ISO 13485: 2003 certificate which is a special standard for Quality Management System for Medical Device Manufacturers. DGM AUDIT DGM, the certifying agency from Denmark, conducted the yearly review of the operations and processes for the CE certified products. The certification for the products was upgraded in line with standard ISO 13485: 2003. CONSTRUCTION OF AUROLAB BUILDING The Bhoomi Pooja for the new Aurolab building at Veerapanjan, which is about 6km from the existing facility was held on April 18, 2005 in the presence of Dr. G. Venkataswamy, Chairman Aravind Eye Care System, and other trustees of Aurolab Trust. The construction has begun and the building is expected to be completed by the end of 2006. This facility will enable Aurolab to enhance its production capacity to cover the increasing demand for its existing products and to introduce new products. This state-of-the-art manufacturing unit will conform to all international regulatory requirements. AUROLAB LAUNCHES ONLINE -SHOPPING FACILITY In order to make direct ordering easy, Aurolab developed an online purchasing module, especially catering to the international market. E-Aurolab, Aurolab’s online shopping network was launched in June 2005 at Madurai. This e-com enabled website www.aurolab.com was launched by Dr. G. Venkataswamy, Chairman, Aurolab Trust. All the trustees of Aurolab, Dr. P. Balakrishnan, Managing Director, Mr. S.P. Clement, Director Planning and Development, Mr. R.D. Sriram, Director-Operations and division heads were present on this occasion.75

Aurolab E-shop team E-Aurolab opens up its productline to all present and futureAurolab Marketing team customers - domestic and international. It is very versatile. Customers can request quotation for specific items, or complete a purchase order online. Payment can be made either through traditional methods or online. Several methods of shipping are user selectable at the time the order is placed, and an “Order Tracking System” allows the customer to check the status of their order at any time (from when the order is placed until it is delivered). This system is a part of Aurolab continuous improvement efforts to improve customer satisfaction. This initiative was made possible by the technical support from Mr. Michael Myers, a long time friend and volunteer of Aravind Eye Care System from Florida, USA. HR INITIATIVES CLINICAL RESEARCH DEPARTMENT Aurolab has recently started Clinical Research Department to initiate and undertake clinical studies for the new and existing products that are developed by Aurolab. These studies are a prerequisite to launch the new products that are developed by Aurolab in the market and to apply for major certifications like FDA, CE etc. Also, these studies are greatly helpful in publishing articles about the performance of Aurolab’s products. Presently, a team of 6 members are working in this department and the team has initiated 9 studies about various products within a year. MARKETING TEAM The domestic marketing team has been strengthened with more members, each handling specific divisions/regions. The Area Development Managers placed in different regions of the country work in close tandem with the dealers in meeting the doctors, clarifying their queries, forwarding issues, promoting new products, etc. These on-the-field members from Aurolab represent the organisation in various conferences and promote Aurolab’s products to the delegates attending the conference. Product Managers to handle specific divisions and Key Accounts Executive to handle specific clients have also joined the team. DEALERS’ EXECUTIVES TRAINING PROGRAMME With the marketing team setting out to explore the potential in the market, there is a regular need for sharing technical details, updates on products, information on prevailing trends, etc. Aurolab conducted training programmes for the dealers’ executives this year. The first programme was held in March. A team of dealers’ executives from various states attended the training programme. The executives were taken on a plant tour at Aurolab to understand in detail the various 76

processes involved in the manufacture of lenses, suture needles and pharmaceutical products. They attended OT sessions at Aravind Eye Hospital and classroom sessions, demonstrations, etc. at Aurolab. The production and marketing departments mainly handled the sessions. Three such training programmes covering around 25 dealer executives have been held so far. The training provided them a great opportunity to interact and clarify many of their on-the-job questions. Such training programmes help increase the confidence and performance levels of the executives and interact more meaningfully with their customers. VISITS Dr. P. Balakrishnan participated in the Affordable Hearing Aid Project (AHAP) Stakeholders’ Meeting held on July 26, at Lions Club Inter- national Foundation, Illinois, USA. The main agenda of the meeting was to discuss the current status of AHAP in terms of manufacturing, technical support, supply chain, R&D, software, liability insurance, financial aspects etc., and about the future in terms of marketing, distribution and service delivery models, especially in developing countries. Participants in the meeting included Ms. Clarie Hicks and Mr. Mike Hicks from Impact UK, Mr. David Green and Mr. Sunil Chojar from Project Impact, USA, Mr. Philip Albano and Ms. Deb Stamm from LCIF, USA.Dr.P.Balakrishnan,Managing Director,Aurolab with the other participants at theAffordable Hearing Aid ProjectStakeholders' meeting in USA77

PARTNERS IN SERVICELions International President FOR SERVICE DELIVERY,HUMAN RESOURCETRAINING AND OTHERLn. Ashok Mehta at LAICO DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIESLavelle Fund for the Blind Team at Aravind Acumen Fund, USAState Bank of India team donating Adopt-a-Business, UKRetcam to Aravind Alcon Laboratories Inc, USA Canadian International Development Agency, Canada Carl Zeiss Meditec, Germany CBM International, Germany Combat Blindness Foundation, USA Department of Science & Technology, Govt. of India Essilor, India Friends of Aravind Association, USA Indian Institute of Management, Bangalore, India Indian Space Research Organisation, Bangalore, India International Federation of Eye Banks, USA Indian Overseas Bank, India International Agency for Prevention of Blindness, India International Eye Foundation, USA Lavelle Fund For the Blind, USA Lighthouse International, USA Lions International, USA Mahema and Manohar Devadoss ORBIS International, USA Rotary International, USA Seva Canada, Canada Seva Foundation, USA Sight Savers International, UK State Bank of India TIFAC-CORE, Department of Science & Technology, Govt. of India Topcon, Japan University of Michigan, USA VISION 2020 – The Right to Sight, India W2 Consulting, UK World Diabetes Foundation, Denmark Zurich Financial Services, UKDr. Susan Robertson from WHO, Geneva FOR RESEARCHwith Dr. P.Vijiyalakshmi, and Ms.Remya Allergan Pharmaceuticals, USASenior TIFAC-CORE team in Aravind’s Francis I.Proctor Foundn. for Research in Ophthalmology, UCSF, USAResearch Laboratory Indian Council of Medical Research, India International Centre of Eye Health, UK London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, UK Madurai Kamaraj University, India National Eye Institute, USA Royal Tropical Institute, Netherlands University of Iowa, USA World Health Organization, Switzerland Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore 78

OTHER VISITORS &VOLUNTEERSDr. Stephen Kraft in the Paediatric eye An impressive number of volunteers visit Aravind every year. Right from itsclinic at Aravind-Madurai inception, volunteers have played a vital role in Aravind’s sustainable develop- ment and growth. Aravind gratefully acknowledges the unstinting support ofDelegates from Ministry of Health, China friends and organisations throughout the world in its crusade against blind-and ORBIS-China ness.From ORBIS International With the growing popularity as a successful business model, as illustrated by leading business institutes and journals around the world, the number ofMs. Pamela C. Sieving with Library and visitors - business school faculty and students, existing and prospective eyeInformation Centre staff at Aravind- care providers - who come to see the system in working is increasing quiteMadurai rapidly.Dr. Clare Gilbert with Dr. P.Vijayalakshmiat Aravind-Madurai Volunteer Faculty for ORBIS -Aravind Paediatric Fellowship programme from ORBIS International • Dr. Stephen Kraft, Professor, Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada. • Dr. Rosalind Stevens Cavender, Retina/Vitreous Surgeon, Chief of Ophthalmology, Dartmouth Medical School, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Centre, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA Other visitors from ORBIS International • A team of 7 delegates constituting of Members from the Ministry of Health, People’s Republic of China and from ORBIS China came to Aravind- Madurai to discuss high volume, low cost and high quality cataract surgeries for sustainability. • Mr. Mohan Jacob Thazhahtu, Chief Operating Officer, ORBIS International, NewYork, USA, Ms. Deepa Gupta and Mr. G.V. Rao, ORBIS International, India were here to understand the impact of the collaboration with ORBIS International at Aravind and also to have an orientation to Vision 2020 India forum initiatives. • Dr. Richard Wormald, Head - Cochrane Reviews Group for Eye Care; Ms. Clare Riches, Programme coordinator - ORBIS U.K; Dr. Chirstine Storbel, Incharge of Quality Assurance - ORBIS N.Y accompanied by Dr. G.V. Rao, Country Director - ORBIS New Delhi visited Aravind Eye Care System. They were here to understand the childhood blindness work that Aravind is handling, contribution of ORBIS programmes, and research ideas to strengthen evidence based programming. Dr. Richard Wormald also gave a lecture on evidence based Eye Care to a wider audience present at Aravind. • Dr. Bhagwat, Deputy Director – Programmes, Ms. Clare Riches, and Ms. Neha Tyagi, Programme Managers, ORBIS, USA to review the progress of the Aravind ORBIS POLTC programme. From SEVA Foundation • Mr. Ned Willard and his wife Poppy. • Ms. Marina Rifkin, Newly joined Board Member Seva Foundation USA. • Seva Members Dr.Suzanne Gilbert, Mr.R.P.Kandel, Ms. Maura Santageto, Mr.Nagarajan, Ms.Chundak Tenzing, Ms.Jessica Grignon and Mr.Kenua Bassett were here at Aravind-Madurai to review Aravind-Seva Project. Other Visitors • Ms. Pamela C. Sieving, Biomedical Librarian/Informationist, National Institutes of Health Library visited Aravind on February 14 and shared about NIH Websites, Mesh Database,. Special Features of Pubmed and HINARI. • Dr. Clare Gilbert, Senior Lecturer, International Centre for Eye Health, Clinical Research Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK came79

Ms. Jane Armstrong at TIFAC-CORE to explore possibilites of collaborative studies in paediatric eye care. Shereading and grading centre helped in the study design and implementation of various on-going research work at the Paediatric Ophthalmology Department at Aravind-Prof. Jean Claude Mbanya at LAICO Madurai. • Dr. Robert Peterson, and Mrs. Veronica Peterson, Boston, USA were atPID.Edward Gear, and his wife from Lions Aravind-Coimbatore and Madurai as volunteers. Dr. Peterson gave lecturesClubs International, USA at LAICO to the postgraduate students on various childhood eye diseases. • Dr. Sanjiv Desai, Tarabai Desai Eye Hospital, Jodhpur visited Aravind fromDr. Bill Stewart with the Paediatric team January 29- 31 to have an overview about Aravind Eye Care System and outreach activities. • Laurent and Marie with their children were at Aravind-Pondicherry to interview Dr. G. Venkataswamy for a documentary film they were producing on social entrepreneurs and visionary changemakers. • Dr. Jack Whitcher, Dr. Gil Smolin and Ms. Elizabeth Yi, Proctor Foundation, San Francisco came to follow up on the progress of the pilot study for the new collaborative trial, ‘Steroids for Corneal Ulcer Trial’ between Aravind, Proctor Foundation, and Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center. • Ms. Jane Armstrong, Chief Grader at the Reading and Grading centre, Madison- Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin, USA was at TIFAC-CORE Centre from January 22- 29 to help Aravind develop the curriculum for grading the diagnosis of various retinal diseases like diabetic retinopathy, Age related macular degeneration, and also for cataract grading. • Prof. Jean Claude Mbanya, Vice President, International Diabetes Federation, WHO Consultant for Diabetes, Cameroon, South Africa, visited Aravind on February 17 to know about Aravind model, Capacity building programmes and Diabetic Retinopathy project at Aravind Eye Care System. • PID.Edward Gear, Lions Clubs International, USA • On 14 February , Dr. Gislin Dagnelie, Associate Professor of Ophthalmology, Lions Vision Research and Rehabiliation centre, John Hopkins, Wilmer Eye Institute, came to see the Low Vision Clinic and its activities at Aravind- Madurai. • Mr. R. Natarajan, Consultant, Vellore Institute of Technology came to Aravind-Pondicherry to meet Dr. Venkataswamy and talked to him about “Centre for Socio Economic Research and Energy Projects”. • On 18th February, Mr. Kodi, Prinicipal, IFET Engineerring College, Villuppuram came to Aravind-Pondicherry to meet Dr. Venkataswamy • On 21st February, Ms. Dhenuga & Ms. Uma were at Aravind-Pondicherry to meet the INDEYE project team. • On 22nd February, a group of delegates from Sri Aurobindo Society and Sri Sarada Ashram, Ulundurpet were at Aravind – Pondicherry. Dr.G.Natchiar explained Aravind work culture and its values. The focus of this meeting was to find out the ways by which Aravind & Sri Ramakrishna Matt can collaborate in the community programme. • Mrs. Karim, Advisor for Low Vision Asian region, CBM visited Low Vision Clinic along with Low Vision clinic staff of Trichy Joseph eye hospital and spent one day observing the departmental functions. She commented that excellent comprehensive low vision services are given by Aravind. • Mr. Rahul Brown, USA helped in the documentation of 2004 Annual report. • Ms. Denise Carline, was here at Aravind-Madurai to develop the process for project management. • Mr. Chris De Bode, Switzerland was here at Aravind-Madurai on April 26 to take photographs for WHO project-Faces of chronic diseases. • Ms. Denise Ciesielka, Health Portfolio Manager and Ms. Abby Doft, Acumen Fund came to discuss about the Telemedicine initiatives at Aravind. • A team from Hindustan Lever Limited came to Aravind-Pondicherry to see Aravind’s work. • Mr Jim Murphy, Regional Marketing Manager, Alcon International came to Aravind-Madurai see the functioning of various speciality clinics and also to study the phaco training programme offered here in collaboration with Alcon. 80

MPH students from Johns Hopkins • Mr. Fred Munson and Mr. Raheem Rahmathullah, IEF, USA came to evaluateBloomberg School of Public Health, USA the International Eye Foundation Grants.Delegates from ALCON,China • Mr J.P.Singh, Managing Director, Mr.Jaideep Bajaj, General Manager - Cataract, Mr.Rajath Goyal, General Manager – Refractive Business,Ms. Kathryn Hecht and Mr. John Stewart Mr.Neelakanta Kannan, Regional Business Manager,wi th Dr. G. Venkataswamy Mr.Venkatasubramanaian, Senior Manager Refractive Services, BAUSCH & LOMB (B&L) were at Aravind-Madurai on July 19 to establish CataractWenzhou Medical College team with Surgical Network between Aravind and B&L.Aravind Senior team • Mr. Justin Huggler, The Independent, Asia Correspondent, UKSenior members of Royal Philips • Mr. Anand Ramsewak from MauritiusElectronics team at LAICO • Dr. Stephen Cains, The Fred Hollows Foundation, Australia.Mr. Simon Chater wi th Mr. R.D. Thulasiraj • Ms. Jacqueline Novogratz, Co-founder & CEO, Mr. Tim Brown, CEO &and other LAICO faculty President, Mr. Chris Anderson, Partner, Ms. Susan Meiselas, Photographer, Acumen Fund were here at Aravind-Madurai on October 6 to get an overview of Aravind Eye Care System. • Ms. Kathryn Hecht from the US came to help the education department in the documentation of the MLOP manual. • Lavelle Fund Team from Lavelle Fund for the Blind, Inc New York, were at Aravind-Madurai from November 14-17 to have an overview of Aravind Eye Care System • Ms. Erin E. Lawler, Zurich, Switzerland was at Aravind-Madurai from November 20-December 3 • Eight MPH students from Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, USA were at Aravind-Madurai for a week to observe and learn the characteristics of the Aravind Model. • Ms. Ali King and Mr. Kenny Rob, Zurich Financial Services, UK. • Mr. Matthew Farmer, Co-Founder Adopt-a-Business from UK, was here at Aravind-Madurai on March 31, to have an overview about Aravind Eye Care System. • A team of 6 board members from Mechi Eye Care Center, India were at Aravind-Madurai from April 9-11 to have an overview about the infrastructure and architectural design of Aravind Eye Care System. • Dr. Kandhanwal; Dr. Rekha Kandhanwal; Mr. Rakesh, were here at Aravind- Madurai for two days from April 25-26 to discuss about the consultancy services for setting up a new Eye Hospital. • A team of 11 Chinese delegates from ALCON, China were at Aravind- Madurai on May 18, to have an overview of Aravind Eye Care System and to know about India’s successful experience in broadening cataract surgical volume. • Mr. Ahmet Yalcin, Accenture, Turkey was at Aravind-Madurai from May 23-26, to have an overview of Aravind Eye Care System and for adoption of the same model in Turkey. • Mr David Nash, Zurich Financial Services, Switzerland came to have an overview of Aravind Eye Care System. • Dr.Paul Courtright, KCCO, Tanzania to develop curriculum for Programme Managers Course in Africa. • Prof. Joachim Freimuth, Management Consultant, CBM was here for one to one management training programme. • Dr. Wang Qinmei, Executive President of the Eye Hospital and his team from Wenzhou Medical College, China were in Aurolab on October 1 for a week, to have a collaborative programme of cataract surgery training and to help in the promotion of Aurolab products. • Dr. Preeti and Dr. Sejal Desai, SEWA Rural, Gujarat were at Aravind-Madurai from October 17-18 to get an exposure on glaucoma services at Aravind. • Mr. Gerard J.Kleisterlee, President & CEO, Mrs. Annemieke B.G. Kleisterlee, and senior members of Royal Philips Electronics came to meet Aravind senior leadership team to discuss collaborative research on November 13 . • Mr. Simon Chater, Mortgage Strategy and Planning, Adopt-a-Business was at Aravind-Madurai from November 15-December 12.81

ARAVIND EYE CARE SYSTEM ARAVIND EYE HOSPITALS & POSTGRADUATE INSTITUTECENTRAL OFFICE : OF OPHTHALMOLOGYChairman Run By Govel TrustDR. G. VENKATASWAMY MS., FACSVice Chairman BOARD OF TRUSTEESDR. P. NAMPERUMALSAMY MS., FAMSDirector PresidentDR. M. SRINIVASAN MS., DO DR. G. VENKATASWAMYJoint Director Trust SecretaryDR. R.D. RAVINDRAN MS., DO MR. G. SRINIVASAN MembersFinance DR. G. NALLAKRISHNAN DR. P. NAMPERUMALSAMYDirector DR. G. NATCHIARG. SRINIVASAN B.E., MS MRS. MEENAKSHI MRS. LALITHAHuman Resources DR. R. KIM DR. N.V. PRAJNADirector DR. S. ARAVINDDR. G. NATCHIAR MS., DO The President, Rotary Club, Madurai,Senior Manager Main BranchPREETHI PRADHAN MSW (Ex-Officio)IT & Systems 82DirectorR.D. THULASIRAJ B.SC., MBASenior ManagerB.S. GANESH BABU M.COM., MSTraining - Mid Level OphthalmicPersonnelDirectorDR. USHA KIM DO., DNBManagerK. RAJESWARI PRINCE MSW., M.SCPurchaseS. JAYACHANDRAN MHMOutreachR. MEENAKSHI SUNDARAM MHM

ARAVIND EYE HOSPITALS& POSTGRADUATE INSTITUTE OF OPHTHALMOLOGYARAVIND – MADURAIChief Medical Officer / Addl. Professor Cornea Clinic Vision Rehabilitation CentreDR. S.R. KRISHNADAS DO., DNB Chief / Professor Asst.ProfessorAdministrator / Reader DR. M. SRINIVASAN MS., DO DR. ILANGO DO.,DNBDR. S. ARAVIND MS., MBA Addl.Professor DR. N.V. PRAJNA DO., DNB., FRCOPHTH. Free HospitalRETINA - VITREOUS CLINIC Asst.Professor DR. MANORANJAN DAS DNB DR. V.P. RAVICHANDRAN DOChief / ProfessorDR. P. NAMPERUMALSAMY MS., FAMS Paediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus Physician ClinicAddl. Professor DR. BANUSHREE MDDR. R. KIM DO., DNB Contact Lens ClinicDR. DHANANJAY SHUKLA MS Microbiologist Chief / ProfessorReader DR. P. VIJAYALAKSHMI MS DR. LALITHA PRAJNA MD., DNBDR. K. NARESH BABU MS Reader DR. SHASHIKANT SHETTY MS Optometry,Optics & InstrumentationAsst. Professors Asst.ProfessorDR. VASUMATHY MS.,D.N.B., FRCS (EDIN) DR. SUNDARESH MS Professor - Optics & InstrumentationDR. CHANDRA MOHAN MS.,DNB.,FRCS (G) PROF. V. SRINIVASAN MA., MS. (OREGON,DR. ANAND RAJENDRAN DO., DNB., FRCS (G) Glaucoma Clinic USA)DR. T.P. VIGNESH MS Professor - Optometry Chief / Addl.Professor PROF. N. SUKUMARAN B.SC.,DOR.,IOL & Cataract Clinic DR. S.R. KRISHNADAS DO., DNB Reader Visiting DoctorsChief / Professor DR. MANJU PILLAI DO., DNBDR. G. NATCHIAR MS.,DO DR. GEORGE VARGHESE PUTHURAN MS Neuro Surgeon - Faculty Asst. DR. R. SHARMILA DNB Professor of NeurosurgeryReader DR. P. SUBBURAM MS., MCHDR. S. ARAVIND MS., MBA Neuro-ophthalmology Clinic Anaesthetist DR. A. RAVICHANDAR MD., DAAsst.Professors Chief / ProfessorDR. ILANGO DO., DNB DR. G. NATCHIAR MS., DO NursingDR. PRAVEEN KRISHNA DNB Asst.ProfessorDR. HARIPRIYA MS DR. MAHESH KUMAR DO., DNB Nursing SuperintendentDR. S. MAHESH KUMAR DO., DNB B. RADHA BAIDR. KAMAL PREETH DO., DNB Uvea Clinic Staff - TutorDR. ANAND DEV MS ALEES MARY, R.N.R.MDR. KOWSALYA DO., DNB Chief / Professor Staff - TheatreDR. G. SEETHAPATHY MS DR. S.R. RATHINAM DO., DNB ALIKUTTY VARGEESE, R.N.R.MDR. T. VIJHAYA PRIYA MS Asst.ProfessorDR. KAVITA VADI MS DR. VENU NADELLA DNB AdministrationTutors Orbit & Oculoplasty Clinic Senior Manager - OutreachDR. DEEPAK AGARWAL DNB R. MEENAKSHI SUNDARAM MHM Chief / Addl.Professor Senior Manager - MaintenanceMedical Officers DR. USHA KIM DO., DNB S. JAYACHANDRAN MHMDR. PAMANO DO Asst.Professor Senior Manager - OperationsDR. S. VIDYA DO DR. HADI M KHAZAEI MS R. PREMKUMAR MHMDR. RUPA DO Patient Relation Officer V. RAJENDRAN B.COM Transport & Public Relations S.G. RAMANATHAN M.A83

Manager - Housekeeping ARAVIND –TIRUNELVELI ARAVIND – COIMBATORENAVAZ CLEMENT M.AManager - Finance Chief Medical Officer Chief Medical OfficerN. SHANMUGASUNDARAM B.COM DR. R. RAMAKRISHNAN MS., DO DR. V. NARENDRAN DO, DNBManager - AccountsC. ARUMUGAM C.A Glaucoma Clinic Retina - Vitreous ClinicManager - OfficeK.S. KANDASAMY B.A Chief / Professor Chief / Addl.ProfessorManager - Medical Records DR. R. RAMAKRISHNAN MS., DO DR. V. NARENDRAN DO, DNBRAJKUMAR M.A., B.M.R.SC Asst.Professor ReaderManager - Stores DR. MOHIDEEN ABDUL KADER DNB DR. ABHIJIT CHATTOPADHYAY MSM. MUTHUSAMY DR. NEETU ASHEER MS DR. RODNEY JOHN MORRIS MSManager - Personnel Asst.ProfessorP. GANESAN Retina - Vitreous Clinic DR. A. RAGHURAM DO., DNBAudio-Visual Department DR. VR. SARAVANAN DO., DNBK. SHANMUGA VELAYUTHAM B.SC Asst.Professor DR. PARAG SHAH DNBLibrary DR. ASHER SANDEEP MS DR. GEORGE MAYANATH MSR. KUMURAGURUPARI M.A., M.LI.S., B.EdFree Hospital IOL & Cataract Clinic Cornea ClinicR. RAMESH BABU M.A Professor Chief / Addl.ProfessorARAVIND –THENI DR. SHIVKUMAR CHANDRASHEKAR MS DR. R. REVATHI MS., DO Asst.Professor TutorChief Medical Officer DR.SACHIN BODHALE MS DR. K.S. SIDDHARTHAN DNBDR. DIPANKAR DATTA DO., DNB Medical Officers Medical OfficerAsst.Professor DR. APOORVA SHARMA DO DR. ANITHA RAGHAVAN DO., FRCS (G)DR. DEEPAK AGARWAL DNB DR. ANKIT AVATHI DNBManager Paediatric Ophthalmology & StrabismusM. MARUTHANAYAGAM B.COM Orbit & Oculoplasty Clinic Clinic Asst.Professor Chief / Addl.Professor DR. V. MANEKSHA MS DR. KALPANA NARENDRAN DO., DNB Asst.Professor Neuro-ophthalmology Clinic DR. THOMAS MATHEW DO., DNB DR. GURDEEP SINGH DNB Reader DR. S. PADMAVATHY MS Glaucoma Clinic Cornea & Paediatric Clinic Chief / Reader DR. P. SATHYAN DO., DNB Reader Asst.Professor DR. MEENAKSHI DO.,DNB DR. GANESH V.RAMAN MS Asst.Professor DR. SURAJIT CHAKRABARTI MS DR. SAURABH MITTAL DNB IOL & Cataract Clinic Free Hospital Asst.Professors DR. APOORVA SHARMA DO DR. KAVITHA YUVARAJAN DNB Microbiologist DR. SRI SHANKAR MS M. JAYAHAR BHARATHI M.Sc, Ph.D DR. S. PADMA MS DR. E. KUNTHALA SREE MS Nursing Tutor DR. G.K. MAHESH DO., DNB M.N. CHIDHAMBARAM-SUPERINTENDENT Medical Officers DR. SANJAY JACOB MALAYIL DO Administration DR. SHOBHA CHINNAN DO S. T. JAYABALAN B.A - ADMINISTRATION R. LAKSHMI M.B.A - HUMAN RESOURCE S. SUBRAMANIAN - MANAGER, OFFICE K. VENKATACHALAM- MANAGER, OUTREACH THIRUVENGADAM B.Sc - IT & SYSTEMS 84

Uvea Clinic ARAVIND – PONDICHERRY AdministrationAsst.Professor Chief Medical Officer Manager, GeneralDR. C. MANOHAR BABU MS DR. R.D. RAVINDRAN MS., DO P. KANAGARAJ B.E Deputy Chief Medical OfficerOrbit Clinic DR. R. VENKATESH DO., DNB Administration POOBALAN C.A.I.I.BMedical Officer IOL & Cataract ClinicDR. VIJI RANGARAJAN DO Maintenance Chief/Professor C. PANCHANATHANOcular Oncology Clinic DR. R.D. RAVINDRAN MS., DO Asst.Professor IT&SystemsChief / Addl.Professor DR. N. EZHIL VATHANI MS K.S. GOPALAKRISHNAN BSCDR. V. NARENDRAN DO., DNB DR. S. KAVITHA MS DR. J. SAMUEL CORNELIUS MS Project co-ordinationNeuro-ophthalmology Clinic DR. T. THIRUMALAIKUMAR MS HEMA MALINI DR. MANJU VINYTHERA DO., DNBAsst.Professor Medical OfficerDR.KIRUBA J EVANGELINE DO., DNB., FRCS DR. NIRMALA DEVI DODR. KANAKARAJ DO., DNB., FRCS(G) DR. G.KAMALAPRIYA DOFree Hospital Retina - Vitreous ClinicTutor Asst.ProfessorDR.VENU GOPAL REDDY DO., DNB DR.S.MANOJ DNB., FRCS (G) DR. SATISH BADDELA MSNursing Cornea ClinicNursing SuperintendentS. SULOCHANA Asst.Professor DR. K.TIRUVENGADAKRISHNAN DO., DNBAdministration DR. RAVINDRANATH REDDY MSManager - Administration Glaucoma ClinicV. SUBBIAH M.SCManager - Outreach ReaderK.S. RAMASAMY DR. R. VENKATESH DO., DNBManager - MaintenanceK.M. SENNIAPPAN B.SC B.TECH Paediatric Ophthalmology ClinicManager - IT & SystemsTHIRUNAVUKARASU B.SC Contact Lens ClinicCivil EngineerS. ANANDHAN LCE Asst.ProfessorHR Executive DR.VEENA DO., DNBS. KANAKARAJ M.SC Orbit & Oculoplasty Clinic Asst.Professor DR. PRADEEP SINGH RATHORE DNB Neuro-ophthalmology Clinic Asst.Professor DR. SHARAD JOSHI MS85

LIONS ARAVIND INSTITUTE OF ARAVIND MEDICAL RESEARCH AUROLAB FOUNDATIONCOMMUNITY OPHTHALMOLOGY Trust President President DR. G. VENKATASWAMY MS., FACSChairman DR. G. VENKATASWAMY MS., FACSDR. G. VENKATASWAMY MS., FACS Vice President Trust Secretary DR. P. NAMPERUMALSAMY MS., FAMS G. SRINIVASAN BE., MSVice - Chairman Secretary & TreasurerDR. P. NAMPERUMALSAMY MS., FAMS MR. G. SRINIVASAN BE., MS Managing Director Director – Research & Immunology DR. P. BALAKRISHNAN BE., Ph.DGrant Administrator DR. VR. MUTHUKKARUPPAN MSC., Ph.DLN. N.A.K. GOPALAKRISHNARAJA MJF Department of Genetics Director - Operations SENIOR SCIENTIST R.D. SRIRAM BE, MBAExecutive Director DR. P. SUNDARESAN M.SC., Ph.DMR. R.D. THULASIRAJ BSC., MBA Senior Research Fellow Director - Research & Development C. GOWRI PRIYA M.Sc S.P. CLEMENT BE, MBASenior FacultyKEERTI BHUSAN PRADHAN MHA ROTARY ARAVIND Manager - PharmaceuticalsPREETHI PRADHAN MSW INTERNATIONAL EYE BANK, V. VENKATESA KANNAN MSC., PGDPMIR MADURAIFaculty Manager - Intraocular LensK.M. SASIPRIYA MHM Medical Director R.D. SRIRAM BE., MBA DR. M. SRINIVASAN MSFaculty Associates Technical Director Manager - Suture NeedlesSANIL JOSEPH MHM DR. LALITHA PRAJNA MD., DNB S. KARTHIKEYAN BE., MBAS.P. VENKATESH B.E., MBA Eye Bank Co-ordinatorB. RAJADURAI MCA NIRMALA SORUBARANI B.A., MSW Production Engineer - Hearing AidR. SURESH KUMAR MA., PGDHM S. SHREEVIDHYA BER. VASANTHA KUMAR MBA ARAVIND - IOB EYE BANK,ABRAHAM GNANA PRADEEP MSW COIMBATORE Manager - Marketing S. SIVANAND BSC., MBAAdministration Medical DirectorG.K. VENI M.SC DR. V. NARENDRAN DO., DNB Manager - Regulatory Affairs Administrator R. KRISHNA KUMAR B.PHARM., MSAravind Communications DR. R. REVATHI MS., DOCHITRA THULASIRAJ B.SC Manager - HR R. DEEPA MHMBiostatisticsKARTHIK PRAKASH M.SCLibrary & Information CentreP. KIRUBANITHI M.LI.S ROTARY ARAVIND EYE BANK, TIRUNELVELI Medical Director DR.R. RAMAKRISHAN MS., DO Eye Bank Medical Officer DR. MEENAKSHI DO., DNB 86

OPHTHALMOLOGY RESIDENTS: DR. ANUJA DR. A. FATHIMA DR. S. KARTHIKCLASS OF 2005 DR. VAISHNAVIARAVIND EYE HOSPITALS& POSTGRADUATE INSTITUTE OFOPHTHALMOLOGYAffiliated toThe Tamil Nadu Dr. MGR MedicalUniversity, ChennaiNational Board of Examination, NewDelhiThe Royal College of Ophthalmologists,London, UK DR. NIVEAN DR. SAPNA MS IN OPHTHALMOLOGY D.O.DIPLOMA IN OPHTHALMOLOGY DR. ABHISHEK JAIN DR. N. ANANDHI DR. BRAHADEESH DR. T. CHARUMATHI DR. R. DHIVYA SUBRAMANIAN DR. S. KRISHNA KUMAR DR. SAILAJA DR. R. YESHWANT87

DIP.NB:DIPLOMATE OFTHENATIONAL BOARD DR. ASHISH E. BACCHAVDR. BORGAONKAR DR.GAHIR DILJEET DR. B. JAIN ASHISHRAGHVENDRA ANIL KAURDR. JAYITA BISWAS DR. KARTHIK R MEDA DR. KAWALI ANKUSH ASHOKDR. KETKI N TOPRANI DR. LAXMAN G DR. PAUDURANG NARALE BUVAJI NIKAMDR. PANKHURI JOHARI DR. M. RAGHAVENDRA DR. SUJAY R NAIK 88