NAVAL ARCHITECTURE

App-A.qxd 2~9~04 9:39 Page 387 APPENDIX A: UNITS, NOTATION AND SOURCES 387 Symbols a resistance augment fraction A area in general B, b breadth in general b span of hydrofoil or aerofoil C coefficient in general, modulus of rigidity D, d diameter in general, drag force, depth of ship E modulus of elasticity, Young’s modulus f frequency F force in general, freeboard Fn Froude number g acceleration due to gravity h height in general I moment of inertia in general J advance number of propeller, polar second moment k radius of gyration KQ, KT torque and thrust coefficients K, M, N moment components on body L length in general, lift force m mass M bending moment in general n rate of revolution, frequency p pressure intensity p, q, r components of angular velocity P power in general, propeller pitch, direct load Q torque R, r radius in general, resistance Rn Reynolds’ number S wetted surface t time in general, thickness, thrust deduction factor T draught, time for a complete cycle, thrust, period u, v, w velocity components in direction of x-, y-, z-axes U, V linear velocity w weight density, Taylor wake fraction W weight in general, external load x, y, z body axes and Cartesian co-ordinates X, Y, Z force components on body ␣ angular acceleration, angle of attack ␤ leeway or drift angle ␦ angle in general, deflection, permanent set ␪ angle of pitch, trim ␮ coefficient of dynamic viscosity ␯ Poisson’s ratio, coefficient of kinematic viscosity ␳ mass density

App-A.qxd 2~9~04 9:39 Page 388 388 APPENDIX A: UNITS, NOTATION AND SOURCES ␸ angle of loll, heel, list ␻ angular velocity, circular frequency V, ٌ volume ⌬ displacement force ␩ efficiency in general ␴ cavitation number, direct stress ⌳ tuning factor Subscripts Much of the notation above is qualified by a subscript in particular applications. The subscripts used are: B block D developed (area), drag, delivered (power) E effective (power), encounter (waves) F frictional (resistance), Froude H hull L longitudinal, lift M midship section O open water (propeller) OA overall P longitudinal prismatic PP between perpendiculars Q torque R residuary (resistance), relative rotative (efficiency), rudder S shaft T transverse, total, thrust VP vertical prismatic W waterline, waterplane, wavemaking WP waterplane y yield (stress) ⌰ pitching, trimming ␸ rolling, heeling ␨ wave elevation SOURCES The Internet Increasingly students can obtain the information they are seeking on the Internet. For that reason some useful web site references are given below. Many others are given in the technical press, in articles and advertisements. Those associated with the regulatory bodies are useful in indicating the latest versions of rules and regulations. The web sites