MODAL VERB - BUI VAN VINH

Giáo Viên Chuyên Anh - Thầ y Bùi Văn Vinh - 0988.333.599 TOPIC MODAL VERBS ( ĐỘNG TỪ KHUYẾT THIẾU) A. BASIC KNOWLEDGE (KIẾN THỨC CƠ BẢN)  Modal Verbs (Động từ khuyết thiếu / khiếm khuyết) là những động từ không phải là động từ chính mà dùng để bổ nghĩa cho động từ chính.  Đặc điểm chung:  Động từ khuyết thiếu không chia ở ngôi 3 số ít: I can, She can, He can  Động từ chính ở sau luôn ở dạng nguyên thể: He can go He can goes  Không cần trợ động từ trong câu hỏi, câu phủ định,…….. Một số Động từ khuyết thiếu thường gặp: can, could, may, might, should, must, ought to,………… 1. CAN – COULD – BE ABLE TO CAN Dạng phủ định là He can’t speak English. (có thể) can’t ( cannot) They can sing. Diên tả khả năng của 1 người The word “watch” can be a noun or a verb. Diên tả 1 điều có thể xảy ra Diên tả 1 sự cho phép You can use my pen. You can’t leave before 8.

Giáo Viên Chuyên Anh - Thầ y Bùi Văn Vinh - 0988.333.599 Dạng phủ định là We couldn’t visit him last week. couldn’t (could not) COULD Là dạng quá khứ của She could come to the party (có thể) “Can” yesterday. BE ABLE 1 việc có thể xảy ra I could stay in this wonderful resort TO nhưng không thực tế for ever. hoặc có khả năng (CÓ THỂ) thấp It could rain soon. 1 việc có khả năng The train could arrive in any trong hiện tại hoặc minutes. tương lai I can play the guitar. Can / Could chỉ 1 He could speak Chinese when he khả năng nói chung. was 5. Be able to chỉ 1 khả They were able to find the parking năng trong 1 tình area. huống cụ thể. We were able to meet him in time. 2. MUST – HAVE TO MUST – HAVE TO must / musn’t / (don’t) have to (PHẢI) + V nguyên thể Dạng phủ định Dùng để nói - Ta thường dùng must Khi nói về các quy tắc, là mustn’t và Ai đó phải / để đưa ra ý kiến của luật lệ ta thường dùng mình. must. don’t / bắt buộc -Ta thường dùng have doesn’t have làm gì to để nói ai đó phải làm gì ( người nói không đưa to ra ý kiến)

Giáo Viên Chuyên Anh - Thầ y Bùi Văn Vinh - 0988.333.599 EXAMPLES - You mustn’t smoke in this room. - I must do my homework now. - I have to go to school at 7am every day. - You have to listen to the teacher in class. - She mustn’t be late for the meeting. - You must keep this a secret. 3. MAY – MIGHT 4. MAY – MIGHT (CÓ LẼ) MAY MIGHT - Dạng phủ định là may not - Dạng phủ định là might not (mightn’t) - Diễn tả sự xin phép, thỉnh - Diễn tả sự xin phép, thỉnh cầu cầu (lịch sự hơn may) - Diễn tả 1 khả năng có thể - Diễn tả 1 khả năng có thể xảy xảy ra ra ( ít khả năng hơn may) - May I come in? - Might I borrow your card? - It may not be true. - It might rain soon. - It may rain soon.

Giáo Viên Chuyên Anh - Thầ y Bùi Văn Vinh - 0988.333.599 4. SHOULD – OUGHT TO SHOULD Dạng phủ định là EXAMPLES (NÊN) shouldn’t (should not) - You shouldn’t drink to OUGHT TO (Không nên) much coffee. (NÊN) - You should listen when Dùng để đưa ra lờii khuyên the teacher is talking. - It is 3 o’clock. She should Diễn tả 1 suy đoán, 1 kết luận be here now. - That man on the motorbike should be wearing a helmet. Dạng phủ định là ought EXAMPLES not to (oughtn’t) - Do you think I ought to - Có thể thay thế apply for this position? cho should. ( = Do you think I should apply for this position.) - Bắt buộc có “to” - He ought not to go to bed late. ( = He should not go to bed late.)

Giáo Viên Chuyên Anh - Thầ y Bùi Văn Vinh - 0988.333.599 B. BASIC EXERCISES (BÀI TẬP CƠ BẢN) 1 Choose “can” or “can’t”. (Chọn can hoặc can’t) a 1. He can / can’t cook. 2. The boy can / can’t see. 3. She can / can’t play the guitar. 4. That guy can / can’t sing. 5. The boy can / can’t 6. The baby can / can’t walk. skate. 7. He can / can’t play 8. She can / can’t draw. 9. They can / can’t drive. basketball.

Giáo Viên Chuyên Anh - Thầ y Bùi Văn Vinh - 0988.333.599 10. He can / can’t swim. 11. We can / can’t ride a 12. The kids can / can’t climb horse. the tree. 2 Answer the following questions. (Trả lời các câu hỏi dưới đây) a - Can they swim? - Can he ride a horse? - Yes, they can - No, he can’t 1. Can he run? 2. Can she jump? 3. Can the dolphins fly? Yes, _______________ Yes, _______________ No, _______________

Giáo Viên Chuyên Anh - Thầ y Bùi Văn Vinh - 0988.333.599 4. Can the fish walk? 5. Can the man ride the bike? 6. Can those kids read? No, _______________ No, _______________ Yes, _______________ 7. Can she do her homework? 8. Can he take photographs? No, _______________ Yes, _______________ 3 Fill in the blanks with “can” or “could”. (Điền “can” hoặc “could” vào các a chỗ trống) 1. He _______ speak English very well. 2. Yesterday, I _______meet Sue at 7 o’clock. 3. She_______ swim when she was a child. 4. My brother _______ play badminton very well. 5. “Madam, what_______ I do for you?”

Giáo Viên Chuyên Anh - Thầ y Bùi Văn Vinh - 0988.333.599 6. Bill ________ read quite well now. 7. The weather was nice yesterday. We ________ play football all day. 8. Monkey_______ eat bananas. 9. You _______ use my pencil if you forgot yours at home. 10. I _________ come and go with you tomorrow if you like. 11.The baby ________ crawl when he was 9 months old. 12. She _______ speak three languages when she was seven. 13. I am so angry that I _______ kill him. 14. I ________ stay here all day, unfortunately I have to go. 15. The story _______ be true, but I don’t think it is. 4 Fill in the blanks with “can” or “could” (possible the negative forms ) + the following verbs in the box. (Điền “can” hoặc “could”(hoặc thể phủ định ) và các động từ trong ô để tạo thành câu) sleep drive walk take do play

Giáo Viên Chuyên Anh - Thầ y Bùi Văn Vinh - 0988.333.599 1. He ____________ well now although he got a driving license last year. 2. Susan ________________ part in the singing contest tomorrow. 3. The baby ________________ when she was a year old. 4. Bill ________________ chess with his father twice a day. 5. My father ________________ yesterday. He was tired. 6. My friend ________________ his exam last Monday. 5 can / can’t / could / couldn’t ? (Điền can / can’t / could / couldn’t ) 1. I am afraid I _______come to your birthday party next week. 2. When David was seven, he _______ swim so fast. 3. He ______ ride a bike until he was eight. 4. My son _______ run much quicker now. 5. Peter _______ sleep well yesterday because he had a headache. 6. That baby _______speak quite well although he is only four. 7. My mom was busy last week so she _______ cook for our family. 8. Tom is very smart. He _______ do math exercises very quickly. 9. People _________ smoke in this room. It is not allowed. 10. The road was full. I __________ get to my office on time.

Giáo Viên Chuyên Anh - Thầ y Bùi Văn Vinh - 0988.333.599 6 Fill in he blanks with “can” or “(be) able to”. (Điền vào chỗ trống vói “can” hoặc “ (be) able to” ) 1. I was _______ catch the bus on time. I was not late for school. 2. I was _______ use the computer early. 3. My dad _______ sing very well. 4. Ask Anna about your homework. She might _______ help you. 5. Alex is _______ join the football match tomorrow. 6. I _______ draw beautiful animals. 7. The doctor will _______ to see us next week. 8. I was _______ to run faster than I do now. 9. My lovely dog _________ play with his toys for hours. 10. The sky is dark. It _________ rain soon. 7 Circle the correct answers. (Khoanh vào đáp án đúng) 1. Steve can / can’t play football very well. 2. Can / couldn’t you tell me a story, Dad? 3. Yesterday we could / couldn’t go out because of the rain. 4. Fortunately I could / couldn’t finish my work on time and had time to go out.

Giáo Viên Chuyên Anh - Thầ y Bùi Văn Vinh - 0988.333.599 5. Dave, can / couldn’t you clean your room, please? 6. Sorry I can / can’t phone you now. 7. I helped my brother because he can / couldn’t lift the shelf himself. 8. Could / Can you see the moon yesterday? 9. I can /can’t finish my assignment in two hours, then I will give it to you. 10.She can / can’t play tennis now. She is sick. 8 Circle the correct answers. (Khoanh vào đáp án đúng) 1. My father can / can’t / couldn’t speak English, Spanish and Italian fluently. 2. I am sorry but you can / could / can’t use my cup to drink water. 3. I was able to / can’t / can find a new apartment in only 2 weeks. 4. My cousin looked everywhere to find the book but he can / can’t / couldn’t find it. 5. He got up late so he could / couldn’t / can catch the early train. 6. Helen was able / could / can to visit her dentist today. 7. Last week we can / could / can’t go swimming but this week we do not have time. 8. My boyfriend was busy so he could / can’t / couldn’t leave me a message. 9. The fire spread very quicky, but everyone was able to / can / can’t escape. 10. The boy fell into the river but the people nearby could / can / can’t save him. 11. These exercises are not difficult. We can / could / can’t all do them. 12. Finally the firefighter can / could / couldn’t put out the fire. 13. “Oh, I can / can’t / could smell something burnt in the kitchen!” 14. Mozart can / can’t / could play the piano when he was very young. 15. The lights are on. They can / can’t / couldn’t be home now.

Giáo Viên Chuyên Anh - Thầ y Bùi Văn Vinh - 0988.333.599 9 Choose the correct verb in the box to fill in each blank. There are 8 words for 8 sentences. (Chọn từ đúng trong bảng để hoàn thành các câu dưới, có 8 từ cho 8 câu) wash do set get go cut close read 1. Peter has to ____________ the dishes every day after dinner. 2. We have to ____________ shopping at the weekend or it might rain next week. 3. The babies are sleeping. You have to ____________ the door quietly. 4. All students have to ____________ their homework after each class. 5. Tomorrow I have an important meeting so I will have to ____________ up early and prepare for it. 6. Alessia has to ____________ the tables for the party. 7. As David is studying History, he has to ____________ a lot of books. 8. I have to ____________ my hair. They are too long. 10 Fill in the blanks with “have to” or “has to”. (Điền vào chỗ trống với “have to” A hoặc “has to”) 1. I ______________ make my bed every day after I wake up. 2. We ______________ get up early on school days. 3. She ______________ wear glasses because she can’t see very well. 4. Bill ______________ tidy his bedroom before his mom comes back. 5. They ______________ wear uniforms to school from Monday to Friday. 6. You ______________ pass the driving test this year. 7. All the students ______________ write with a pen, not a pencil. 8. We ______________ read articles in English. 9. Tom ______________ help his parents with the gardening. 10. Catherin ______________ clean her car today because it looks dirty. 11. If you want to travel abroad, you ______________ make a passport first. 12. You ______________ make sure that all the doors are locked. 13. It is very late. I really ______________ go now. 14. My parents will ______________ repair the car. 15. John and Anna ______________ work every day from 8am to 5pm.

Giáo Viên Chuyên Anh - Thầ y Bùi Văn Vinh - 0988.333.599 11 Circle the correct answer. (Khoanh tròn đáp án đúng) 1. I don’t have to / have to work tomorrow because it is a holiday. 2. Students have to / don’t have to keep silent in class. 3. Mary and Tom have to / don’t have to study hard for the exam. 4. We have to / don’t have to read the instructions carefully before we use it. 5. You don’t have to / have to wash the dishes. Just put them in the dishwasher. 6. Before getting on buses, all tourists have to / don’t have to purchase a ticket. 7. She doesn’t have to / has to take her kids to school. Her husband does. 8. He has to / doesn’t have to pay for the bills on time or they will cut off electricity. 9. Peter has to / doesn’t have to run to catch the bus every day or he will miss it. 10. We have to / doesn’t have to buy tickets in advance if we want to watch the movie. 12 Fill in the blanks with “must” or “mustn’t”. (Điền vào chỗ trống với “must” hoặc “mustn’t”) 1. I must / mustn’t be late for school. 2. They must / mustn’t come home before 9pm. 3. You must / mustn’t smoke in this room. 4. Peter must / mustn’t leave home as soon as possible or he will be late for school. 5. We must / mustn’t eat more vegetables. 6. Kids must / mustn’t stay up late at night. 7. People must / mustn’t drive after drinking alcohol. 8. You must / mustn’t throw trash on the floor like that. 9. People must / mustn’t pollute the air. 10. He must / mustn’t stop drinking too much beer.

Giáo Viên Chuyên Anh - Thầ y Bùi Văn Vinh - 0988.333.599 13 “Should” or “shouldn’t”? (Điền “should” hoặc “shouldn’t) 1. You _____________ brush your teeth twice a day. 2. You _____________ eat sweets if you want to lose weight. 3. To keep fit and healthy, we _____________ do exercises every day. 4. You _____________ keep meat and milk out of the fridge. 5. You _____________ prepare your clothes the evening before your class. 6. You _____________ empty your rubbish bins regularly. 7. You _____________ eat fast food on a daily basis. 8. He _____________ start to find a new job from now. 9. The kids’ hands are dirty. They _____________ wash their hands. 10. Caroline has a headache. She _____________ go to see a doctor. 14 Circle the correct answer. (Khoanh tròn đáp án đúng) 1. Steve ….. play the guitar very 2. You ….. be quiet because the well. baby is taking a nap. a. can a. can’t b. can’t b. can c. must c. must 4. You ….. listen to your mom’s 3. Remember that you ….. eat advice before you decide. or talk in class. a. should a. must b. mustn’t b. mustn’t c. can’t c. can

Giáo Viên Chuyên Anh - Thầ y Bùi Văn Vinh - 0988.333.599 5. You ….. drive when you are 6. Things will be alright. You ….. drunk. That is dangerous! be worried too much. a. can a. should b. can’t b. must c. mustn’t c. shouldn’t 7. My friend Amalia ….. bake 8. My daughter ….. swim at all. delicious cakes. a. can a. can b. can’t b. can’t c. mustn’t c. must 15 Rewrite these sentences using “might” as in the example. (Viết lại các câu sau sử dụng “might”) 0. Perhaps my father is in his office. My father might be in his office. 1. Perhaps he is busy. ______________________________ 2. Perhaps she is doing the gardening. ______________________________ 3. Perhaps the kid wants to be alone. ______________________________ 4. Perhaps those students are having lunch. ______________________________ 5. Perhaps she is Peter’s sister. ______________________________ 6. Perhaps he is reading a book. ______________________________ 7. Perhaps her bag is blue. ______________________________ 8. Perhaps the train is late. ______________________________

Giáo Viên Chuyên Anh - Thầ y Bùi Văn Vinh - 0988.333.599 16 Rewrite these sentences using “might not” as in the example. (Viết lại các câu sau sử dụng “might not”) 0. Perhaps she doesn’t want to go swimming. She might not want to go swimming. 1. Perhaps she is not sleeping. _____________________________ 2. Perhaps he doesn’t want to join the party. _____________________________ 3. Perhaps they are not late. _____________________________ 4. Perhaps the train is not arriving. _____________________________ 5. Perhaps it is not raining. _____________________________

Giáo Viên Chuyên Anh - Thầ y Bùi Văn Vinh - 0988.333.599 C. ADVANCED EXERCISES (BÀI TẬP NÂNG CAO) 1 Circle the correct answer. (Chọn đáp án đúng) 1. ________ you give me a hand with this 2. “________ I come in?” big box, please? a. May a. Must b. Should b. Should c. Must c. Could d. Will d. Mustn’t 4. ________ you like a cup of coffee? 3. My daughter ________ like this a. Should present that I bought for her. b. May a. must c. Would b. can d. Can c. should d. might 6. We ________ love to come with you tonight. 5. You ________ use this knife. It is a. would forbidden. b. might a. must c. may b. shouldn’t d. will c. mustn’t d. may not 8. Excuse me, ________ I borrow your ruler, please? 7. I think she ________ to wear her most a. must favorite clothes to the birthday party. b. may a. should c. ought to b. can d. will c. must d. ought to 10. You ________ leave your baggage unwatched. 9. John is not at school today. She a. mustn’t ________ be verry busy. b. may not a. must c. shouldn’t b. can d. ought to c. could d. able to

Giáo Viên Chuyên Anh - Thầ y Bùi Văn Vinh - 0988.333.599 2 Put each word in the box into its correct sentences. Each word should a be used only onced. (Chọn từ trong bảng để điền vào các câu sau. Mỗi từ chỉ được dùng 1 lần) can couldn’t have to must should ought not to mustn’t might 1. Jimmy ___________ walk because of the rain. He forgot to bring his umbrella. 2. You don’t ___________ see me off at the airport. 3. Mom says we ___________ watch TV after we have finished our homework. 4. It’s our secret. You ___________ tell anyone about it. 5. A driver ___________ stop when he sees the red light. 6. I ___________ go to bed so late at night. It is not good for our health. 7. My father says that we ___________ go to Hawaii for our holiday. 8. Look at the clouds! It ___________ rain soon. 3 Put the words in the box into the correct column. 1. When Susan was five, she can / should / could read and write. 2. Birds can / could / might fly but lions can / must / can’t. 3. Can / Must / Should you turn on the lights, please? 4. You can / could / mustn’t park here. You have to find another place to park. 5. We have to / might not / be able to buy tickets for the concert. Ann has already bought them. 6. My son is very talented. He could / may / must learn to play the trumpet on his own. 7. It is hot outside. You must / don’t have to / couldn’t bring your jacket. 8. You can / can’t / should be careful not to touch the broken vase. 9. Could / Can / May elephants jump? No, they can / can’t / must. 10. You should / can / can’t turn off your phone at the cinema.

Giáo Viên Chuyên Anh - Thầ y Bùi Văn Vinh - 0988.333.599 4 Reorder the words to make sentences. ( Sắp xếp lại từ thành câu hoàn chỉnh) 1. busy / tomorrow / can’t / you / because / I / see / I am.  ____________________________________________________________________. 2. your problems / speak / to / should / you / your mother / about.  ____________________________________________________________________. 3. ought not / more / smoke / people / to / three cigarettes / than / a day.  ____________________________________________________________________. 4. buy / some sugar / can / me / you / home / on / your way/ ? /  ____________________________________________________________________. 5. please / close / you / when / leave / the door / could / you / ?  ____________________________________________________________________. 6. planets / life / find / can’t / we / on / other.  ____________________________________________________________________. 7. cheat / students / shouldn’t / exams / during / their /.  ____________________________________________________________________. 8. his uncle / was / when / could / horse / he / seven / ride / a.  ____________________________________________________________________ .

Giáo Viên Chuyên Anh - Thầ y Bùi Văn Vinh - 0988.333.599 5 Put the words in the box into the correct column. Some words can be a put into more than one column (Viết những từ sau vào cột thích hợp. 1 vài từ có thể ở nhiều hơn 1 cột ) can could be able to may have to might must should shouldn’t ABILITY PERMISSION ADVICE ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ OBLIGATION POSSIBILITY ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________

Giáo Viên Chuyên Anh - Thầ y Bùi Văn Vinh - 0988.333.599 6 Write………. (Viết………….) 3 things I have to do…. a __________________________________. __________________________________. 3 things I can do…… __________________________________. __________________________________. __________________________________. 3 things I mustn’t do…… __________________________________. __________________________________ __________________________________ 3 things I should do…… __________________________________ __________________________________. __________________________________. __________________________________.

Giáo Viên Chuyên Anh - Thầ y Bùi Văn Vinh - 0988.333.599 D. MINI TEST 1. You _______ look right and left for traffic whenever you want to cross the road. a. can b. should c. must d. can’t 2. You _______ listen to music and drive at the same time. It is very dangerous! a. can b. must c. ought not to d. should 3. If I were you, I _______ buy a new computer. a. would b. could c. should d. can 4. _______ you repair her bike? I’m not sure. a. Can b. Should c. May d. Able 5. She was not _______ concentrate at work yesterday. She had something on her mind. a. able to b. can c. could d. couldn’t 6. The internet is terrible. I _______ hear you at all. a. can’t b. not able to c. could d. must 7. She screamed but nobody _______ hear her voice. a. can b. could c. may d. must 8. Come on. We _______ hurry. We _______ be late for the meeting. a. be able to / should b. must / mustn’t c. might / have to 9. I broke my lags in a car accident and now I _______ stay in bed for 2 weeks. a. have to b. need c. can d. mustn’t 10. You _______ leave the house at 7.15 if you don’t want to miss the train. a. should b. can c. might d. may 11. Yesterday the woman _______ reach me on my phone. I don’t know why. a. can b. couldn’t c. might d. have to 12. I don’t see Jack. He _______ be waiting in his car. a. might b. can’t c. shouldn’t d. can’t