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Health Science Flipbook By; Thrisha Yadla 1B

Integumentary system Key Terms Vocabulary Information ◉ Derm/o, ◉ Epidermis: outer Function: Acts as a barrier to protect the body from the Dermat/o: Skin layer of skin outside world. ◉ Kerat/o: Horny ◉ Stratum corneum: Disease tissue, cornea ◉ xer/o: Dry outermost layer of ◉ Rosacea: Causes ◉ xanath/o: Yellow redness and bumps ◉ erythr/o: red epidermis ◉ Pedicu/o: louse ◉ Melanoma: skin ◉ onych/o: Nail ◉ Dermis/corium: mid cancer ◉ myc/o: fungus ◉ pil/o: hair layer of skin ◉ Dermatitis: skin ◉ lip/o: fatty lipid inflammation ◉ rhytid/o: wrinkle ◉ Hypodermis: ◉ albin/o: white, ◉ Acne: follicles plug connect skin to with oil defitient fascia Careers pigmentation ◉ Oil gland: ◉ Dermatologist- Skin doc Sebaceous gland ◉ Plastic Surgeon ◉ Sweat gland: Sudoriferous gland ◉ Strata: Layers ◉ Keratin: protein ◉ Callus: Thick skin ◉ Melanin: skin 2 pigment

Musculoskeletal system Key Terms Vocabulary Information ◉ my/o: Muscle Tendons: Join muscles Function: 2 systems that help move and ◉ myel/o: Bone maintain position. Muscles- between bone and marrow skin Disease ◉ oste/o:Bone ◉ cost/o: Rin Voluntary Muscles- move Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Pinched nerve ◉ crani/O:Skull when wanted in wrist ◉ -pexy:Paralysis ◉ chondro:cartilage Involuntary muscular- move Tendonitis- tissue connecting bone is ◉ arthr/o: Joint without realizing inflamed ◉ -plegia: Paralysis ◉ kinesi/o: Feeling Skull- protects brain Osteoarthritis: Cartilage breaks down causing bones to rub together. Jaw- allows to chew Fibromyalgia: pain in muscles and bones Spine-Maintains upright position Careers Imobile joints- no mobility Orthopedic doc: musculoskeletal doctor Semi-mobile joints- some Physical therapist uses exercises to help mobility with nerve related pain: Mobile joint- great mobility3.

nervous system Key Terms Vocabulary Information ◉ neur/o: nerve ◉ CNS- Brain/ Spine Function: Sends signals ◉ encephal/o:brain ◉ PNS- nerves branch off/ around the body ◉ myel/o: spine ◉ ambul/o:walk communication Disease ◉ -esthesia: feeling ◉ Somatic: voluntary NS ◉ mening/o: ◉ Autosomatic: Cerebral Palsy: Losses Muscle Control meninges Involuntary NS ◉ psych/o: Mind ◉ Sympathetic division: Alzheimer's Disease: affects ◉ concuss/o: Brain Function and Memory. mobilizes action violently shaken ◉ Parasympathetic Epilepsy: Repeated seizures division: relaxes Neurofibromatosis: growth of ◉ Astrocytes- exchange of neurofibromas. info between neurons Careers and capillaries ◉ Neurologist: Brain ◉ Microglial cells: immune Doctor defense ◉ Neurosurgeon: Brian ◉ Cell Body: neurons life Surgeon support ◉ Dendrites: pick up messages 4

Special Senses Key Terms Vocabulary Information ◉ irid/o: Rainbow Amplitude: Difference between Function: ◉ -cusis: Hearing high and low pressure created in ◉ -opia: defects in air by sound wave. Disease vision External ear: Only involved with ◉ Ansomnia: Partial or ◉ ot/o:ear hearing ◉ tympan/o: complete loss of sense of Middle ear: Only involved with smell denoting eardrum hearing. ◉ ophthalm/o: eye ◉ Blindness: loss of ◉ -metry: Inner ear: Both hearing and sight maintaining equilibrium. measuring ◉ Cataracts: Clouding Ansomnia: Partial or complete over front of eye. loss of sense of smell ◉ Glaucoma: fluid Photoreceptors: cells detect light pressure in eyes waves slowly rises Mechanoreceptors: detect Careers soundwaves ◉ Neurologist: Brain Gustation: Sense of taste Doctor Olification: sense of smell ◉ Opthamologist- Eye doctor Fcerretqauinenpcoyi:nt#ionfgwivaevnestimtheatfpraamsse5a

Cardiovascular System Key Terms Vocabulary Cardi/o: Heart Blood Vessels: meant for carrying Angi/: Blood vessels blood. hem/o,hemat/o: Blood Brady- slow Aorta: largest artery Tachy- rapid thromb/o: blood clot Capillaries: are the smallest blood Information -emia: blood vessels Function: Transmission system of body leuk/o: white Disease erythr/o: red Arterial Capillary: Drops of oxygen arteri/o: artery and nutrients to the body's cell. Coronary artery disease: damage or disease in hearts major blood vessels Pulmonary: oxygenates/pumps blood High blood pressure: condition in which force of in artery. blood against artery walls is too high Cardiac arrest: sudden loss of heart function Systemic: left side pumps blood Arrhythmia: improper beating of heart throughout body Careers Atria: upper chambers Cardiologist: heart doc Cardiac surgeon: heart Surgeon Ventricles: lower chambers Septum: Divides left and right side. Endocardium- middle layer 6 Pericardium- outermost layer

Respiratory System Vocabulary Key Terms Larynx: Voicebox Information Bronch/o: bronchus Bronchi: Passages that branch from Function: Helps you breathe Cyan/o: blue trachea and direct air Laryng/o: Larynx Disease -oxia: oxygen Lungs: responsible for respiration Oxy: oxygen Asthma: Spasms in the bronchi of the lungs, causing pleur/o: rib, side Bronchioles: small tubular branches of difficulty breathing Pneum/o: breathing airway Pulmon/o: Lungs COPD: Blocks airflow and make it difficult to thorac/o: chest Alveoli: for movement of gasses between breathe. trache/o: Trachea air and blood. Lung cancer: cancer in the lungs Cilia: contain bundle of microtubules that move a cell. Pneumonia: Infection inflames air sacs in lungs Mucus: Protective secretion of mucus Careers: membranes Pulmonologists: Treat diseases and conditions of Breathing: passing air in and out of lungs chest normally Respiratory Therapist: Work with patients with Respiration: certain organisms obtain breathing or cardiopulmonary disorders energy from organic molecules. Trachea: Tubules forming the respiratory 7 system.

Digestive System Key Terms Vocabulary Information Function: Breaks down food into nutrients Cholecyst/o: Saliva: liquid that aids process of Disease Gallbladder digestion GERD: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease enter/o:INTESTINE PUD: peptic Ulcer disease col/o, colon/o: colon Mouth: Place where food is consumed Stomach Flu: Infection of stomach hepat/o: liver IBD: Inflammatory Bowel Disease gastr/o: Removal of Bolus:Chewed mass of food Careers: stomach Gastroenterologist: Specializes in digestive or/o: mouth Esophagus: ube through which the system diseases -pepsia: digestion bolus passes to reach the stomach Proctologist: Physician specializing in diseases chol/e: Bile of rectum. proct/o: anus Stomach: muscle organ churns bolus Mechanical Digestion; Physical breaking down of food Chemical digestion: Food broken down my acid. Chyme: Mixture of stomach fluids and food Small intestine : where most chemical digestion takes place Liver: produces bile and filters to8xins out of blood.

Urinary System Key Terms Vocabulary Information Function: Filter blood and create urine as a Cele: Swelling Arteriole: small artery waste by product Lysis: destruction of Disease cells Calyx: Cuplike collecting region of Nephrosis- noninflammatory disease of cyst/o: bladder renal pelvis kidneys Nephr/o: Kidney Nephrolith: a kidney stone ren/o: Kidney Catheter:tube for injecting or removing Nocturia: frequently urinating during night -uria: presence in urine fluids Enuresis: involuntary release of urine -pexy: surgical fixation Careers: -Ectasis:distention of Creatinine: nitrogenous waste excreted Urologist: Treats diseases of urinary system tube in urine Nephrologists: Treat kidney diseases Pyel/o: Pelvis Meatus: opening or canal Medulla: inner region of organ Urea: major nitrogenous waste excreted in urine Urethra: tube leading from bladder to outside Urination: Process of expelling liquids Urinary Bladder: hollo, muscular sac; holds and stores urine. 9

Reproductive System Key Terms Vocabulary Vulva - external female genital organ Information Cervic/o; Cervix salping/o;fallopian mynora - elongated skin folds that Function: to produce egg, pron cell, and ov/o; egg orchid/o; testice surround vestibule reproduce. oophor/o; ovary men/o; Menstruation vestibule – contains urethral, and Disease mamm/o; breast vaginal openings STDs- Sexually transmitted disease gynec/o; female Oracle – openings reproduction colp/o; vagina ovaries - produce and releaseFemale Uterine Fibroids; non cancerous tumors prostat/o; Gland gametes and sex hormones Gynecologic cancer- cancer in reproductive Atregia- a kind of program defense organ Cortex - houses developing egg IC- interstitial cystitis Medulla – contains most of ovaries PCOS- Polycystic Ovary Syndrome blood vessels and nerves Ovarian cycle- maturation of follicle Careers: and egg Gynecologist: specialist on woman reproductive Menstrual cycle- that happens in system uterus to prepare for a fertilized egg Urologist; men fertility doctors 10