Canal Borzu Av. Amir Temur Djakhon Obidova Zoo TV Tower Botanical Garden Kosasaroy Bodomzor Canal Salar Foroboy Kaffai Sashi Av. Khusniddin Asomov Madrassah Mausoleum Usman Yusupov Shivli TASHKENT Barak Khana Zarqainar Church Erghashev Obid Sadikov Saghbon Ghofur Ghulom Erghashev Mudofaachilar Tinchlik Los Jóvenes Khurshid Minor Theater Ghani Mavlonov Chorsu Khursid Murtazoyev Okkurgan Buyuk Ipak Yuli Av. Beruny Bazar Circus Gofur Gulom Abdulla Kodiry Chorsu Pushkin Av. Buyuk Ipak Yuli Madrassah A. Kodiry Abdulla Kodiry Kory NIyozov Zarqainar Uyghur Asadulla Khudjaev Kukuldash Uzbekistán Mustakillik Av. Amir Temur Parkent Samarkand Darvoza t a k r u F Alisher Navoi Av. Abai Pakhtator Theater Maydoni Amir Temur Tolstoy Alaisky Pushkin Khamid Olimjon Av. Academician Khabib Abdullaev Theater Navoi Ilkhom Bazar Museum Abdulkhamid Kayumov Uzbekiston Paradar Sharof Rashidov Ruso Theater Khorazm Yunus Rajabiy Asaka Makatmi Gandi Av. Uzbekiston Navoi Theater Romanovsky Amir Temur K. Canal Salar Madrassah Bunedkor Art Theater Khamza Abdul Khasim Furkat Puppet Uzbekiston Theater Okhunboboev Parliament Kosmonavtlar Chimkent Movarounnahr Polish M. Musokhanov Art Church Mily Bog Navoi Statue Museum Shakhrisabz Academician S. Azimov Chatolic Alisher Navoi D. Kunaev S. Baraka National Park Bobur Oybek Movarounnahr Khalkar Dustligi Yusuf Khos Khodjib Lokhutiy Chekhov Khamza Canal Anchor Canal Burdjar D. Ostanov Shota Rustavelli Mirobod Oybek Nukus Av. Ferghana Katartal Mukimy Ivieva Tashkent Turkiston Toshkent Tashkent Airport 7 km. of Tashkent, which became the largest city of was established and Tashkent became its the Kokand Khanate. The city was intensively capital. The troubled years of atheistic policy rebuilt. Madrassas, mosques, schools, baths negatively a ected the old architecture and apartment houses were built in all four of Tashkent, but most of them remained. parts of the city. Among the urban buildings Since 1991, Tashkent is the capital of the there were picturesque necropolises such independent Republic of Uzbekistan. Dozens as parks of Hazrat Imam and Shaykhantaur. of international symposiums and conferences Many prominent theologians and eminent have been held here, including a major forum merchants often acted as donators for the of the Organization of \"Islamic Culture and construction of buildings. Civilization\" (2007), at which Tashkent was declared as the centre of Islamic culture. Since 1864, Tashkent was captured by the Russian Empire and became the capital of Turkestan. In 1924, the Republic of Uzbekistan UZTG 49
Historical Sites Barak-Khan Madrassah The world famous Koran of Caliph Osman, the Ottoman Koran, is kept here. The book is the primary source of the holy book of Islam. The ancient manuscript consists of 353 parchment sheets. For centuries it was kept in the treasury TASHKENT Despite being transferred to a few places, the of the Caliphs (consistently in the cities of Medina, Damascus and then in Baghdad). Koran was already in Uzbekistan in the 19th Madrassah Barak-Khan The was century. th constructed during 15 -16 centuries from th buildings which were constructed in di erent periods. First, there was mausoleum in the east part of today’s complex. Second was the dual domed mausoleum and the Khanaka (place for pilgrims), built in 1530 in the honour of the ruler of Tashkent Suyundj Khan Sheybani. Location: East of Tashkent Chorsu Bazaar Hast Imam Complex Hast Imam Square (Hazrati Imam) is a religious On the territory of the Hast-Imam, there are center of Tashkent. Hast-Imam is located in few architectural monuments, including the the old town, within neighborhoods with the madrasah of Barak-Khan, Tilla Sheikh Mosque, old houses that have experienced earthquake mausoleum of the Saint Abu Bakr Ka al Shashi of 1966. This complex appeared near the tomb and the Islamic Institute of Imam al-Bukhari, of one of the rst imam of Tashkent city, the where future preachers are taught. famous scientist, scholar of the Koran and Hadith, poet and craftsman Hazrati Imam (full Location: Qorasaroy ko’chasi Street, ashkent name - Abu-Bakr Muhammad Ka al Shashi). Coordinates: 41 ° 20 ‘13:24 “N 69 ° 14 ‘21.60 “E 50 UZTG
Historical Sites TASHKENT Namazgoh Mosque Namazgoh mosque was built in front of the main hall which is a small at stalactitic in Ka al ash-Shash mausoleum in the middle the vault. At present time, the monument is of the 19th century during the governance of redesigned and its interiors are unfortunately Kokand khanate. Its main façade stands out distorted. Nowadays, this is a territory of to the small inner yard. Central part of winter Islamic Institute named after Iman al-Bukhari hall dominates in the building of Tashkent which was found in 1970 and had become a Namazgoh mosque which is continued prestigious educational institution in Muslim with lowered wings of the dome galleries, world. shadowed with wooden pillared terrace. The interior of the mosque is not decorated. Address: Qorasaroy ko’chasi, ashkent The only element is mihrab niche in the Coordinates: 41° 20’ 13.24” N 69° 14’ 21.60” E Ka al-Al-Shashi Mausoleum The Tashkent Mausoleum of Ka al- Al-Shashi was constructed in honour of Imam Mohammed Abu-bakra Ali ibn Ismail Al Ka al Al Shashi who was born in the Shash (Tashkent today) region. The gravestone of Ka al Al Shashi is located in the niche of the mausoleum. In spite of the fact that this building was rebuilt several times, local Muslims believe that this is the most sacred place in the city. Address: Qorasaroy ko’chasi, ashkent Coordinates: 41° 20’ 13.24” N 69° 14’ 21.60” E UZTG 51
Historical Sites Abdulkasim Sheikh Madrassah Madrassah AbdulKasim was built in the style of Renaissance East and was founded in the rst half of the 19 century named th after the highly educated and well-known TASHKENT workshops inside the former madrassah. AbdulKasim. Today, it is a home to over 30 craftsmen; it is an astonishing place full of The most signi cant mention of Abdulkasim Sheikh Madrassah is the signing of a peace treaty by Russian General Chernyaev. Location: A.Navoi National Park, Tashkent Muyi Muborak madrasah and Tilla-sheikh mosque Muyi Muborak madrasah was built in the 18 th century by the governor of Kokand Mirza Ahmed Kushbegi. The memorial is situated next to the Barak-khan madrasah (16th Century) according to the eastern “kosh” principle (“eye browses”) - where the portal of one madrasah is located right next to another. Muyi Muborak madrasah includes summer pillared terrace and winter dome mosque - cathedral mosques of Tilla- sheikh (“The Golden sheikh”). Tilla-sheikh mosque is an elongated Construction which is rectangular and is surrounded with 12 domes. Entrance is separated with partitions from the square prayer hall. In the front yard of the mosque there are winter and summer premises for prayers, terraces, small minaret, storehouses and a library. The mosque is decorated with carved mihrab niche, minrab (the throne for worship during Muslim prayer) and windows. Location: Qorasaroy ko’chasi Street, ashkent Coordinates: 41 ° 20 ‘13:24 “N 69 ° 14 ‘21.60 “E 52 UZTG
Historical Sites TASHKENT Juma Mosque / Khodja Ahror The Juma mosque is the third largest Friday the Russian emperor, Alexander III and it mosque in Uzbekistan after the Bibi Khanum became known as the royal mosque. Physical Mosque and the Kalyan mosque in Samarkand. appearance changes upon reconstruction The main Friday mosque was constructed in somehow do not change the impressive th the middle of 7 century better known as the architectural experience. Timurid epoch Khodja Ahror from 1404 to 1490. The mosque was destroyed by an earthquake Location: Samarkand Darvoza Street, Tashkent and only restored with funds provided by Coordinates: 41° 19’ 23.84” N 69° 14’ 12.15” E Madrassah of Kulkeldash The Madrassah of Kukeldash is one the most signi cant th architectural sights of the 16 Century. It was constructed by the powerful vizier Kukeldash, a foster brother of Barak Khan, also the ruler of Tashkent Province. The Madrassah was used as a caravanserai until 1860 before it served the khans of Kokand as a fortress. The Madrassah had repeatedly fallen into ruins, tumbled by earthquake in 1866 and 1886, only the portal was the restored. Location: Samarkand Darvoza Street, Tashkent Coordinates: 41°19’24”N 69°14’10”E UZTG 53
Historical Sites Sheikhantaur Mausoleum The memorial at Sheikh Hovandi Takhur was built by order of Amir Timur over the grave of the Sheikh at the end of the 15th century. The personality of Havendi Takhur attracted his contemporaries and descendants who TASHKENT Takhur is humble and modest as was his life. considered him as the Sheikh – the wisest of the wise. The Mausoleum of Sheikh Havendi Only small inserts of the blue majolica in the lancet compartments and a small tympanum above the entrance enliven the brickwork. Location: Navoi Street, Tashkent Coordinates: 41.3230924518, 69.2591528908 Yunus-Khan Mausoleum The biggest Tashkent Islamic University carries the name of Yunus Khan (1415 – 1487) grandfather of the Mughal emperor Babur. The mausoleum is locked but you can check out its attractive Timurid style pishtak (entrance portal). Location: Old Town Across Navoi from the Navoi Literary Museum 54 UZTG
Historical Sites TASHKENT Zangi-Ata Complex Zangi-Ata complex is located 15 kilometres from Tashkent in the village of the same name. It is an architectural monument of the XIV century includes a mosque, madrasah minaret and two mausoleums, one of which is Zangi-Ata mausoleum, the second one is his wife Ambar- Bibi. According to legend, Sheikh Ai-Khoja, whose nickname was Zangi-Ata (black) was a patron of shepherds, that’s why architectural complex was built here. The gate is a portal- domed building with turrets at the corners Location: Zangiata District, Tashkent Kaldirgach Bey Mausoleum Kaldirgach Bey Mausoleum (Qaldirchochbiy), built for a ruler of Moghulistan early in the fteenth century, and noted for its 12-sided pyramidal dome, spherical on the inside. His tomb is particularly unusual because its turquoise roof is dodecahedral (12-sided) on the outside but domed on the inside. The gurkhan (burial room) has beautiful carved wooden doors and deep alcoves decorated with stalactite-like carving. It is in mausoleum of Kaldirgach-biy where ashes of the well-known judge Tole-biy from Duglat clan which actually ruled Tashkent in rst half of XVIII centuries. Location: Kukcha District, Tashkent UZTG 55
Historical Sites Zangi-Ota Mosque Zangi-ata mosque located in south-western part of the complex was built by Zangi-ata judge in 1870. The building of the mosque has an elongated form with wooden terrace in front of the main façade. In 1914-1915, the mosque was under renovation: the terrace was redesigned, special ceiling above the gallery was made and southern TASHKENT with owers but that has disappeared. terrace was re-laid. The mosque is roofed with sphere-conical domes that are built of square burnt bricks. Initially, the interior was painted Location: Zangiata District, Tashkent Zangi-Ota Mausoleum Legendary saint Zangi-Ota spent his life shepherd-gazing during the 14 century, th an honorable job at that time. Zangia-Ota meaning “Dark Father” was his nickname due to his dark skin color. The mausoleum was constructed during Amir Timur’s reign and in fact, the Zangi- Ota mausoleum surely recognizes the style of monumental buildings of Amir Timur. Not far from the mausoleum is another popular place – tomb of the wife of Saint Zangi-ota, holy Anbar Bibi. Location: Zangiata District, Tashkent 56 UZTG
Historical Sites TASHKENT Mustakillik Square Mustakillik square is the main square in Uzbekistan which symbolizes the independence of the nation. The entrance of the square Mustakillik with the arch called “Ezgulik” (the Arch of good and noble aspirations) with rising up storks. The road under the arch leads to the centre of square, where the “Monument of Independence and Humanism” is situated. It includes two memorials: the “Monument of Independence” and the “Monument of Happy Mother”. The “Monument of Independence” (1991), which expresses the sovereignty of Uzbekistan, represents as big golden terrestrial globe with contour of the state borders (territory). The Sheikh Zaynutdin Mausoleum “Monument of Happy Mother” (2006), This mausoleum is dedicated to one of the great sheikhs, where mother clasps to her bosom master of Sufi order, Sukravardiy. Sheikh her child, is the symbol of peace and Zaynutdin mausoleum contains the burial of sheikh happy future. This artistic complex and his successors. It is noteworthy to mention that the became one of the symbols of glory mausoleum was built in few centuries after Zaynutdin and honour, pride of the nation, the death in the 16 century. This historical monument is state, and the national governance. th attributed to mausoleum-khanaka type with its main hall being sealed with double sphere-conical dome. An ancient Location: Mustaqillik Avenue, element of the mausoleum, chillakhona (underground Tashkent carrel) is situated by the walls of the building being built in the 12th-13th century. The building of the mausoleum is well-preserved up to the present times. Even the lead crescent on a dome is original and is dated back to the period of its construction. The interior elements such as the jug, remains of majolica, old burials and wooden carving are original as well. Location: Kukcha District, Tashkent UZTG 57
Historical Sites Tashkent Clock Towers Erected in 1947, it began serving the nation on April 30 1947. I.A.Ayzenshteyn, a watchmaker and resident of Tashkent brought the tower clock mechanism from Germany after World War II. This clock was hung on the tower of TASHKENT remained. He put an idea to build for the clock City Hall in East Prussia. However, the City Hall was destroyed but the mechanism of the clock tower as a symbol of Tashkent. The newly constructed Tashkent Twin Clock Towers houses a showroom displaying ancient and contemporary jewellery masterfully created by members of crafts dynasties. The old Twin Location: Istigbol Ko’chasi Street, Tashkent Clock Tower complex o ers to visitors unique Operation Hour: 9am – 4pm samples of traditional Uzbek arts and antiques. Coordinates: 41.3095487722, 69.2806936178 Parliament of Uzbekistan The building is located within the National Park level is for the maintenance team. The height of Uzbekistan named after Alisher Navoi. The of the hall is 32m. The central chandelier has a Parliament is a round building measuring 86 height of 10m and 7.5m diameter tubes made meters in diameter. The total area of the four- of 600 crystal elements and gold. The weight storey building is 27000sqm. The facade of the of the chandelier is 4.5 tons. The interior of the Parliament has 36 bright white uted columns building uses Bukharan and Ukrainian granite around the perimeter at the height of 18m. as well as marble from Samarkand. The main hall of the Oliy Majlis is located Address: 1, Bunyodkor Street, 100035 Tashkent on the second oor. The rst level is for 350 E-mail: [email protected] members of the parliament and guests whereby Website: www.parliament.gov.uz the second level is for the press and the third Coordinates: 41° 18’ 19.90” N 69° 14’ 18.79” E 58 UZTG
Museum History Museum People of Uzbekistan The state museum of the history of Uzbekistan, one of the oldest museums in Central Asia, was founded 136 years ago. The museum fund lists over 250,000 exhibits including over 60,000 archaeological, over 80,000 numismatic and 16,000 ethnographical items re ecting Uzbek’s history from the primitive times up to the present. TASHKENT Divided into 4 continents, the rst oor has ancient Zoroastrian and several Buddha artifacts whereas the exhibits on the second oor tells the history of Uzbekistan from the ancient times up to Timurids era. Here you can experience artifacts dating back from over 1000 years ago, as well as exponents of medieval epoch in the Central Asia, an evidence of ourishing science and re ection of its culture. The third oor illustrates the latest history from the 19th century till now, specially dedicated to H.E President Islam Karimov. Entrance Fees: 3000som Location: 3 Sharaf Rashidov street, Tashkent Opening Time: 10am – 6pm (Mon – Sat) *closed on Sunday Website: www.history-museum.uz E-mail: [email protected] Coordinates: 41° 18’ 41.29” N 69° 16’ 9.16” E Amir Temur Museum The museum consists of the History of astronomical instruments of Ulugbek and many other Temurids. The “Amir Temur Museum” is cultural treasures dating back to the Temurids era. one re ned architecture where the entire perimeter of the building is decorated The museums had more than three thousand with graceful paintings and carving. The collections of exhibits consisting of manuscripts, museum windows are all arched niches weapons, clothes, coins and many more that tells making the entire place like a castle. about the ancient history during the Amir Temur ruling. From the early days of its existence, the museum has become a centre of scienti c Location: 1 Amir Temur Street, 700000 ashkent thought and education; its exhibits are Operation Hour: 10am – 5pm *Closed on Monday of great historical value. These include Contact: (+988 71) – 1336228 jewellery, weapons, military attire and Website: www.temurid.uz regalia, musical instruments, manuscripts, E-mail: [email protected] personal belongings of Amir Temur, Babur, Coordinates: 41° 18’ 49.24” N 69° 16’ 43.83” E UZTG 59
Museum Museum of Fine Arts The museum walks you back to 1500 years of art in Uzbekistan from the 7th century, starting with Buddha related relics, pre-Russian Turkestan to Soviet Union contemporary works. Exhibiting more than 500 art works of sculpture, paintings, TASHKENT the Turkestan Regional museum, Moscow and drawings, porcelain and such, the museum’s art collection has been rapidly replenished from Leningrad museums. Besides, it also includes the works of Uzbek artists. Location: 16 Mouveranakhr Street, Tashkent Museum of Applied Arts Contact: (+998 71) – 2367436 Constructed in the end of the 10th Century, the Entrance Fees: 3000som Museum of Applied Arts elaborate the style of Operation Hour: 10am- 5pm *closed on Monday each dynasty by displaying various types of Website: www. neartmuzeum.uz handicrafts such as suzanis, ceramic, jewellery, E-mail: info@ neartmuzeum.uz wood-carving, etc which had been made unique Coordinates: 41.3027848041, 69.2779068962 by famous craftsmen in Tashkent. There’s a gift shop located inside the museum which sells antiques from centuries ago. Location: Rakatboshi Street, Tashkent Operation Hour: 9am – 5pm Contact: (+ 998 71) – 2521367 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.artmuseum.uz Coordinates: 41° 18’ 4.35” N 69° 15’ 33.88” E the past is presented with details for learning and knowledge such as semaphores and radio which run with Morse code system, and a lot more. This museum is also attractive as a beautiful park. The place is loved by photographers, who organize photo sessions in retro style and such. Wedding corteges often visit the place to capture many beautiful pictures of their memorable day. This place is also loved by children for it is a Tashkent Museum great pleasure for them to go upstairs and feel of Railway Technics themselves as an engineer of the enormous vehicles of the railways. Museum of Railway Technics is one of the unusual sights of Tashkent which is not far from Address: 6, Turkiston Street, Tashkent the central station of the capital. It was opened Phone: (+998 71) 299-70-40, 259-67-08 not long ago, in 1989, in honour of the railroad Working hours: from 9:00 a.m. to 09:00 p.m. centenary in Uzbekistan. Steam and diesel Lunch: from 01:00 p.m to 02:00 p.m. locomotives are collected and showcased in Closed: Monday, Tuesday the museum. These locomotives had the trips throughout the country a long time ago. Museum of this type is one of the most interesting among its world analogues. It showcases 13 engines of historic series including enormous black vehicle with long boilers, which are on the massive wheels, that is the evidence of power and unyieldingness of those giants. Also known as Museum of Engines by residents of Tashkent, 18 diesel and 3 electric locomotives are introduced to visitors of the museum with the development of the railway technics in Uzbekistan. The equipment used in 60 UZTG
Nature PSKEM TASHKENT The Pskem River or also known as Pishkom is Talas Valley passed through Shakhjuvar town, located in Tashkent Province in the Pskem most a settlement built on the left bank of the river. wonderful mountains. The origins of this river Archaeologists managed to excavate a small are in the glaciers of Kazakhstan’s Talas Alatau ancient fortress and furnace slag in the middle range in the West Tien Shan and it ows through of course of the river of Choralma. The furnace Pskem Valley towards Lake Charvak. consumed juniper wood from the forests, used to smelt metals since the ame produced was The proverb “everything ows, everything extremely hot. changes” acquires a new meaning while you are here. If you travel to this remote area of Nowadays, the juniper forests are under the the 4500m high mountains, along the rivers of state protection. Despite being visited by Choralma or Maydantal, you will discover a lot of tourists for many di erent activities such as evidence attesting to the fact that this place has mountaineering, rafting and kayaking at the river, been preserving its nature since the beginning of yurting along the route and much more, Pskem time. Many fossil plants and invertebrates such is still a perfect natural habitat for its ora and as mollusks, sponges and polychaete worms fauna. Fairly big herds of Central Asian ibexes are clearly seen on the fractured surfaces of can be found on the rocky slopes of the Pskem the stones, which are actually the sedimentary Valley, shadowed by snow leopards which are rocks. now becoming rare. The shrubbery thickets are native habitats of boars, brown bears, Siberian Therefore, this gem of Tashkent is not only roe deer, wolves, porcupine and badgers. With visited for its beautiful scenery, but also for its any luck, you can see some steppe peonies and ancient history. The archa or juniper forests wild onions in this fairy place, as well as Graig’s are the main vegetable wealth of Pskem, and and Kaufmann’s tulips. in inaccessible places, you can nd some trees which are seven hundred years old. The forests Pskem is a land of high mountains and swift include two types of juniper – the Zaravshan water streams, as clear as crystal. While and semiglobosa ones. standing on the bank of Pskem River, you can watch dozens of tons of water rushing past People have inhabited the Pskem Valley since which captivates and hypnotizes you. Under a long time. In the 12 century, Pskem dwellers the in uence of sunlight, the colour of the water th were engaged in metal manufacture, agriculture changes from sky-blue to emerald green within and trade, because the caravan routes to the a day. UZTG 61
Recreation TASHKENT Babur Recreation Park Babur Recreation Park is another amusement as a call for non-violence and cease- re as well park in the center of Tashkent, with lots of green as a commitment to the ideals of friendship and spaces and a beautiful pond in the center. Babur concord. Park in Tashkent is home to the Seattle Peace Park, a collection of small tiles designed by As the park is located near the Tashkent Tashkent and its sister city – Seattle. University of Pedagogy, you will see lots of students in the park throughout the year. There Seattle Peace Park is a heartwarming reminder is also a good collection of amusement rides in of the Cold War from children’s perspectives. the park to excite children. Along the main alley of Babur Park, ceramic tiles along the way display hopes of peace and Seattle and Tashkent have – rather astonishingly a better future. These tiles were made in the – been twin cities since 1973, long before the 1980s by schoolchildren from Seattle, hence the relations of the superpowers began to thaw. unusual uno cial name of the park. The 10,000 The partnership between both cities began only tiles of the park are incredibly moving because ve years after the Soviet intervention during of their simple, yet timeless message to favor the Prague Spring in 1968. It was the rst city peace and friendship over war and distrust. partnership between a US and a Soviet city and it has continued until today. Babur Culture and Recreation Park in Tashkent is home to the Peace Bell which is rung every year Address: 33, Bobur street, Tashkent on International Day of Peace on September 21 Telephone :+998 71 255 23 25 62 UZTG
Recreation CHARVAK TASHKENT CHARVAK LAKE LAKE Charvak reservoir is located on the river Chirchik several Chirchik in the XIX century. There was a kilometres downstream from the con uence of the giant - one of the largest in Central Asia rivers and Pskem Chatcal, Ugamsky between the spurs - the plane tree, which was placed in the and ridges of Chatkalsky Western Tien Shan. hollow of a roadside teahouse. And if we assume that the legends are true, there The reservoir is formed by bulk-rock with a height of is, perhaps, in the most northern place 168 meters. The volume of the reservoir is about 2 where footprints of Alexander the Great. cubic km. The level of the reservoir is signi cantly Perhaps it is in this amazing beauty of reduced in the summer, because its waters are used for the mountains, he decided to turn back irrigation in the Chirchik valley. to the south of India, as on the north and east of Aksu stretched mysterious man’s The settlement of Chorvoq incurred during the land, held that, apparently, was pointless. construction of the hydroelectric power station at For Alexander it was the edge of the Charvak Lake in 1964, was originally a completely known world. For you - a place covered Russian-speaking island, which its inhibitants practiced with legends and mysteries, the source Russian culture. During the Soviet period there were of knowledge about the wonderful also schools, and kindergartens, and cultural center, and past of the region. Currently here, as even a summer cinema “Lights Carvaka”. Chorvoq the throughout the county, has grown an modern village is located in the immediate vicinity of incredible number of restaurants, cafes, the the ancient village Hodzhikent . Hodzhikent means motels and others, where you can stop to “Holy Town.” Legends say that Hodzhikent is the same rest, and eat inexpensive meal. age as Tashkent. The historic core of Hodzhikent - spring with millennial plane trees on the left bank of the Coordinates: 41 ° 38’01”E 69 ° 56’49”N UZTG 63
Recreation TASHKENT Alisher Navoi State Library The Alisher Navoi State Library traces its history back to 1870, when it was founded by the rst governor general of Turkestan, Alexander von Kaufmann. The library’s excellent rare book collection” with some items dating back to von Kaufmann’s original holdings” includes many valuable prerevolutionary books and manuscripts. The main collection of prerevolutionary Turki-language newspapers is also housed in the rare book collection. Apart from the main catalogue, there is a very useful catalogue of Uzbekistan-related materials both in Russian and in Uzbek located on the third oor, as well as a card index of materials on Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. Another separate catalogue indexes Soviet journal articles relating to Uzbekistan; ask for the “Uzbekistanica” catalogue. Address: 1 Mustaqillik Sq., Tashkent Uzbekistan 700000 Tel: +998 71 239 16 58 Hours: Mon.-Fri. 8am-8pm; Sat.-Sun. 8pm-5pm 64 UZTG
Sport / Stadiums Bunyodkor Stadium Bunyodkor Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium located in Tashkent, Uzbekistan. It is currently used mostly for football matches and tournaments, and it is the home ground of Bunyodkor football club. The total land area is 56 hectares and the stadium has a capacity that can hold 34,000 people and it was opened in September 2012. TASHKENT The original shape of this stadium was designed by GMP Architekten in Germany. This new arena was planned to be used for some matches of the 2012 FIFA U-20 Women’s World Cup. Bunyodkor Stadium is built on the site of Pakhtakor Markaziy Stadium Bunyodkor’s former home ground, MHSK Stadium and it replaces the JAR Stadium. The Central Stadium Pakhtakor or Pakhtakor stadium was opened on 28 September 2012 Markaziy Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium with a friendly match between FC Bunyodkor in Tashkent, Uzbekistan. It is used mostly for and FC Pakhtakor that ended with 3:3 score. football matches and it also has other athletic facilities. The stadium holds 35,000, which is all A solemn ceremony on the opening of the seated. It was built during Soviet times in 1956, stadium was held in Tashkent and was attended and renovated in 1996. by the Head of the State. After his opening speech, a big screen there started showing a Address: Chilanzar District, Tashkent video of a story about the achievements of the Coordinates: 41°1855.88N69°1536.88E country since the Independence Day. After that, the friendly match took place. Sports teams Umid Nihollari, Barkamol Avlod, and Universiade performed at the opening ceremony. In addition to that, children’s art teams, acrobats, gymnasts, and dance and sports teams participated in the ceremony, which nished with a grand rework display. Bunyodkor Stadium is a sports complex consisting of 7 modern soccer elds, children’s and youth football school, dormitories, swimming pool, and a number of other necessary facilities. Address: Bunyodkor Street, Tashkent Coordinates: 41°1647N 69°1245E JAR Stadium JAR stadium is the second best stadium after Pakhtakor Stadium in Tashkent. The government has paid special attention to the development of sports in Uzbekistan. JAR Stadium is a part of JAR sport complex. It took 3 years to be built and was completed in 1998. Its opening ceremony took place on August 25. More than 4 billion Uzbek Soums was spent on construction works. The construction was organized in association with Japanese architects. The head architect’s name was Abduqahhor Ruzmetov, one of the best architects of Central Asia. The eld is covered with excellent natural grass and brought from the Netherlands. The capacity of it is more than 10000 people with comfortable seats. Address: 3 Beruniy street, Shayhantaur district, Tashkent city Coordinates: 41.321654°N 69.230561°E UZTG 65
Live Music and Dance Shows Al-Qasr Restaurant At all times, the East is attractive for its mysterious exoticism, but not always reveals its secrets inquisitive gaze. Restaurant Al Qasr in Tashkent is ready to share with you the secrets and the luxury of the East …. In the spacious hall, TASHKENT inspire any gourmet. Vivid entertainment and as in the palace of the sultan, you will be served delicious oriental and European cuisine that can beautiful music will leave no heart untouched. The night bar with a large The bar is lled with a large selection of drinks and cocktails for those who want to relax the night away. Restaurant Al- Qasr is always happy to see guests! Especially if you’re having a fun corporate party or a lavish wedding. Address: 83, Babur Street Opening Hours: Mo-Su 12:00-24:00 Telephone :(99871) 2814477, (99871) 2814787 BAHOR Restaurant Restaurant BAHOR – the place of splendid comfort, delicacy and elegancy! The Restaurant Bahor has been getting stronger and stronger through its fty years of existence. Both metropolitan and the city’s guests may dully estimate the combination of ne Oriental ornament and European style elements gently drilling through the Restaurant’s atmosphere. The crystal chandeliers, elegant lighting, mahogany furniture, windows with gorgeous curtains, paintings on the walls, edge moldings in the Restaurant and all those make one feel like being transferred into other worlds. There is a live music program each night The Restaurant’s band o ers di erent musical genres from jazz to romance, classic to disco. The performance of “BAHOR” Modern Dance Theater will amaze the guests. A huge assortment of menu can meet any caprice. Arabic, European, Indian, Uzbek, Italian, Chinese, Mediterranean, Turkish – these are just part of cuisine served in Bahor Restaurant. Address: 8, Ahunbabaev street Opening Hours: Mon-Sun 12:00-00:00 Telephone: +998 71 233 7263 66 UZTG
Shopping Kontinent It is one of the biggest Department Stores in Tashkent. Located just next to the Grand Mir Hotel, it is a typical shopping mall in Tashkent consisting of a supermarket with a wide range of groceries on the basement oor. Location: 2, Mirabad Street, Tashkent Contact: (+99871) 2564224 Operation Hour: 11am – 11pm Coordinates: 41.2962377567, 69.267505981 Poytaxt Shopping Centre TASHKENT This is an amazing one-stop department store, located Central Department Store at the famous Saylgoh Street, Tashkent Broadway. The Central Department Strore is located at the very Location: Zarafshan Street, Tashkent heart of Tashkent. The Store consists of three oors. Operation Hour: 9am – 9pm Location:17, Uzbekistan Avenue, Tashkent Tashkent Shopping Centre Contact: (+99871) 2336288 / (+99871) 2338274 / (+99871) 2335023 Located near Chorsu Metro Station, it is one of the Operation Hour: 9am – 7 pm (Mon-Sat) biggest and the rst shopping malls in Tashkent. Website: tumarket.vdnh.ru Location: 3A Navoi Street, ashkent E-mail: [email protected] Coordinates: 41.3085392799, 69.269280912 Operation Hour: 9am – 8pm Coordinates: 41.3211665062, 69.2372975704 Sailgokh Street/ Broadway Zarafshan Shopping Center Known locally as ‘Broadway’, it has some street artists The Zarafshan Shopping Centre at Tashkent Broadway and painters who display their original artworks. There boasts an impressive range of a ordable buys. are many shopping centers, fashion shops, boutiques, restaurants and cafes located on and around the Location: Broadway, Tashkent Broadway in Tashkent. Here you may also pick up some Operation Hour: 9am – 8pm handmade crafts, souvenirs and bric-a-bracs. Contact: (+99871) 233-43-76 Coordinates: 41.3124893949, 69.2734054655 Location: Saylgoh Street, Tashkent Operation Hour: 9am – 8pm Hanid Alimdjan Square The Hamid Alimdjan Square is a must for any fashionista. It brings together many boutiques of well- known brands. Location: Mustaqillik Avenue, Tashkent Operation Hour: 10am – 9pm Coordinates: 41.3186607668, 69.2943756596 Mega Planet Shopping Mall One of the largest shopping centres in Tashkent stocks a ordable ranges from a number of fashion brands. Location: 2B, Akhmad Donish Street, Tashkent Operation Hour: 9am – 11pm Contact: (+99871) 1293131 / (+99871) 15 8751 Web: mega-planet.uz Email: [email protected] Coordinates: 41.3674088295, 69.2911677376 UZTG 67
Bazaars & Markets Bek Baraka Wholesale Market Slightly sided out of town, it is known as a wholesale clothes market and is one of the newest bazaars in Tashkent where everything is at a very reasonable price. TASHKENT sell food products, the second pavilion The rst pavilion, consisting of 275 shops with 350 shops sells industrial products and the third pavilion which includes 200 retail outlets o er home appliances and Alay Bazaar Inaugurated 150 years ago, it is the most advanced consumer goods. Location: Tashkent Ring Road, Tashkent bazaar in Tashkent and is located close to the Amir Timur Square in the very center of Tashkent. Operation Hour : 8am – 5pm (Monday – Thursday) Besides famous fruits and vegetables in the bazaar, Coordinates: 41.2857601887, you will also nd a vast variety of meat and poultry 69.1898875252 as well as milk products. There are plenty of shop lots and branded boutiques around Alay Bazaar. This is certainly the least noisy and crowded bazaar in the city. Great interest for tourists as you can get closer to the everyday life of Uzbek people. Location: Amir Timur Street, Tashkent / Abdulla Qodiriy Metro Station Operation Hour: 10am – 2pm Coordinates: 41.3192730285, 69.2842108132 Chorsu Bazaar Tashkent’s most famous farmers market lies in the middle of the city shaded by a giant green dome. This is a place that you MUST visit! Despite the language barrier, do not be afriad to experience the sights and sounnds of this place which has preserved the Uzbek culture for more than 100 years. The unique complex accommodates the breadwinners of the city from di erent parts of Uzbekistan providing from daily necessities to handmade souvenirs. Do not leave the bazaar without getting the ripe melons, brightly- eshed pomegranates or aromatic persimmons. Also, you will nd embroidered kaftan skull and wood carving souvenirs to bring home. Location: 1, Zarqaynar Street, Tashkent / Chorsu Metro Station Operation Hour: 10am – 3pm Coordinates: 41°19’35”N 69°14’4”E 68 UZTG
Eating Out / Local Food & Cuisines Caravan Address: 22, A. Kakhar Street, Tashkent Contact: +99871-150-66-06 Operating Hour: 12:00-24:00 Cuisine: Uzbek, European TASHKENT Sarbon Apetit Restaurant Address: 92, Amir Timur Street, Tashkent Contact: (+99897) 400-10-10 Email: [email protected] Website: www.sarbon-appetite.uz Operating Hour: 11am – 12am Central Asian Plov Center Address: 1 lftihor Street, Tashkent Operating hour: 10am -2pm The Irish Pub Art Café Uxhkuduk Address: 30, Taras Shevchenko Street, Address: 332a, Uygur Street, Tashkent Tashkent Contact: +99871 243 5905 Contact: +99871-252-78-42(43) Email: [email protected] Operating Hour: 11:00-23:00 Website: www.uchquduq.uz Cuisine: Irish, European Operating Hour: 10am - 11pm Café Nur City Grill Address: 79, H Asomov Street, Tashkent Address: 1, Shaykhantaur Street, Tashkent Contact: +99871 241-17-52 Contact: +99871-241-52-02 Email: [email protected] Operating Hour: 11:00-24:00 Website: www.bek.uz Cuisine: European Operating Hour: 10am - 11pm UZTG 69
Eating Out / Local Food & Cuisines TASHKENT Golubie Kupola Theme Restaurant Address: 77, Sharaf Rashidov Street, Mirabad district, Tashkent Contact: (+99871) 2562727 Email: [email protected] Website: www.facebook.com/GolubieKupola Operating Hour: 12pm – 12am Shedevr Garden Restaurant Address: Kukcha Street, Tashkent Contact: (+99898) 3111001 Operating Hour: 11am – 12am Sato Restaurant Address: 16, Abdulla Qahhor Street, Tashkent Contact: (+99871) 150-06-60 Email: [email protected] Website: sato.caravangroup.uz Operating Hour: 11am – 11pm Afrosiab Cuisine Address: 20, Kh.Ergashev street, Tashkent Contact: (+99871) 234-63-63 / (+99871) 235-30-88 Operating Hour: 11am – 11pm Eski Shahar Restaurant Address: 35A, A. Kadiriy Street, Tashkent Contact: (+99871) 2415200, (+99871) 2411414 Operating Hour: 11am - 11pm Marakanda Restaurant Address: 316, Karasaray street, Sabir Rakhimov district, ashkent Contact: (+99871) 2286898, (+99890) 9887750 Email: [email protected] Website: www.marakanda.uz Operating Hour: 11am -12am 70 UZTG
Eating Out / Local Food & Cuisines Jumanji Restaurant Address: 62 / 2, Yusuf Hos Hozhib Street, Yakkasaray district, Tashkent. Contact: (+99871) 2558671 / (+99871) 2554200 Email: [email protected] TASHKENT Website: izumi.caravangroup.uz/eng Operating Hour: 12pm – 11pm Dar Restaurant Address: 21, H.Oripov Street, Tashkent Contact: (+99871) 2373545 Email: [email protected] Website: www.dar.uz Operating Hour: 11am -12am Druzhba Chinese Restaurant Address: 12, Aybek Street, Tashkent Contact: (+99871) 2527821 / (+99871) 2565025 Operating Hour: 11am - 11pm Izumi Japanese Restaurant Ragu Indian Restaurant Address: 18, A Kahhar Street, Yakkasaray Address: 57, Hurshid Street, Tashkent Contact: (+99871) 1404401 / district, Tashkent. (+99871) 2351000 Contact: (+99871)-1509949 Website: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Operating Hour: 10am- 11pm Website: izumi.caravangroup.uz/eng Operating Hour: 12pm -12am 12 Chairs Restaurant Address: 89, Nukus Street, Tashkent Contact: (+99871) 129 12 12 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.12chairs.caravangroup.uz Operating Hour: 11am – 11pm A resco Italian Restaurant Address: 14, Babur Street, Tashkent Contact: (998 71) 129 9090 E-mail: [email protected] Website: a resco.caravangroup.uz Operating Hour: 11am – 11pm Manad Art Café & Restaurant Ariston Park Restaurant Address: 12, Usmon Nosir Street, Address: 21, H. Aripov Street, Tashkent Yakkasaray district, Tashkent Contact: (+99871) 2372614 / (+99871) 2374966 Contact: (+99871) 252 38 11 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.manas.uz Website: www.aristonpark.uz Working hours: 11am – 11pm Operating Hour: 11am – 11pm UZTG 71
Accommodation Radisson Address: 88, Amir Timur Street, Tashkent Contact: (+998 71) 140-20-00, (+998 71) 140-20-40 Website: www.tashkent.radissonsas.com Email: [email protected] TASHKENT Park Turon Hotel Address: 1, Abdulla Kodiriy Street, Tashkent Contact: (+998 71) 140 6000 Website: www.theparkturon.com Tashkent Palace Address: 2, Uzbekiston Ovozi Street 100047, Address: 56, Buyuk Turon Street, Tashkent Le Grande Plaza Hotel Tashkent Contact: (+998 71) 120-58-00, 120-44-01 Contact: (+998 71) 120 66 00 (ext. 707) Website: www.tashkent-palace.com Website: www.legrandeplaza.com Email: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Radisson Hotel, Tashkent Address: 88 Amir Timur Street, 100084 Tashkent Contact: (+998) 71 1204900 Website: www.radissonblu.com E-mail: [email protected] Hotel Hadra Address: 56a, Gafur Gulom Street, Tashkent Contact: (+998 71) 244-28-08, (+998 71) 244-28-44 Website: www.loricatour.com Email: [email protected] InterContinental Tashkent Hotel Asia Tashkent Hotel Address: 107a, Amir Timur Street, Tashkent Address: 20, Usman Nosyr Street, 100047 Contact: (+998 71) 120-70-00, Tashkent (+998 71) 120-64-59 Contact: (+99871) 2509680 Website: www.ichotelsgroup.com Website: www.asiahotels.uz Expo Hotel Dedeman Silk Road Address: 7/8, Amir Timur Street, Tashkent Address: 107, Amir Temir Street 10008, Contact: (+998 71) 120-37-00, Tashkent (+998 71) 234-42-42 Contact: (+988 71) 234-3494 / Website: www.dedeman.com (+98871) 234 54 95 Email: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Grand Mir Hotel Address: 2 Kunaeva Street, 100031 Tashkent Contact: (+998 71) 140 20 00 Website: www.grandmirtashkent.com Grand Nur Hotel Address: 83 Malaya Koltcevaya Street, 100069 Tashkent Contact: (+98871) 1485-555 Sayohat Hotel Address: 115, Buyuk Ipak Yuli Street, 100047 Tashkent, Grand Mir Contact: (+99871) 268-68-15 / Address: 2, Kunaev Street, Tashkent (+99871) 268-16-30 / Contact: (+998 71) 140-20-00, (+99871) 268-17-80 (+998 71) 140-20-40 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.grandmirhotel.com Website: www.sayokhat.uz Email: [email protected] 72 UZTG
Tashkent Theatre Russian Drama Theatre The theatre was created in 1934. The Founders of the theatre were its art director, V. A. Chirkin, and director, M. K. Vulkonsky. The basis of its repertoire has been modern plays dealing with current issues, taking into consideration social, moral and ethical questions. At various times the plays of V. Vishnevski, A. Arbuzov, K. Simonov, V. Rozov, M. Roshchin, I. Dvoretski, A. Salynski, A. Gelman, M. Shatrov, A. Chhaidze and TASHKENT many others have been produced. Theatre Ilkhom The Ilkhom theatre was one of the rst independent professional theatres for cultural a airs in the history of the former USSR. The director, Mark Weil, who died tragically in 2007, and a group of Tashkent Theatre Institute graduates, founded it in 1976. From its beginning, the theatre was founded as a jazz structure, where the director creates an ensemble consisting of participants who understand and listen to each other. Alisher Navoi Opera and Ballet Theatre The Alisher Navoi Opera and Ballet Theatre is one of the largest and most unique theatres in the territory of Central and Southeast Asia. Its achievements are of great value to the Uzbek people, the pride of the nation. This following season, the theatre will be celebrating its 75 th anniversary. National Drama Theatre There are 540 seats in this theatre’s auditorium. Tickets can be purchased in advance or directly before the beginning of a play. Performances staged in this theatre are all in Uzbek. Those spectators who do not speak Uzbek will be interested in the musical- choreographic performance “Oh, woman”, staged on the basis of the staged based on the legends and songs of Uzbek folklore. The “Ofarin” Dance Theatre The “Ofarin” Dance Theatre led by Aliya Shalkharova was established in July 2003. In March 2004 its rst choreographic show “Rakkosa” (The Dancer) was performed on the stage of the State Acade Bolshoy Theater after Alisher ofarin. Within four years of its creative activity “Ofarin” has produced ve sole programmes: “Rakkosa”, “Dreams come true”, “Dancing is my life”, “Cradle for the Planet” (Netherlands - Uzbekistan), “Dreams” (Great Britan - Uzbekistan). UZTG 73
Intro BUKHARA Bukhara with the name of the Arab commander Kutayba ibn Muslim al-Bakhili (704-715). In 713, at the site of a pagan temple (boot-khan) in the fortress, he built the rst cathedral mosque. Bukhara (pre-Islamic names are Farjak, Fihara; In the northern part of the Registan Square in the Chinese sources mentioned as Bukho and Kutaiba founded the rst festive mosque Nyumi) is one of the ancient cities of Central Asia, namazgah surrounded by a wall with the gate located in the southern part of the Zarafshan Ma'bid (ar. \"place of worship\"). At the same oasis (other ancient cities as Vardana, Ramtin time, the rst Muslim necropolis and other / Ramitan, Varakhsha and Paikend are known mosques were built: in the southwestern part of here). For centuries the city did not change its Shahristan \"Ban Khanzal Mosque\" (Khanzalits), location and was the capital of a number of \"Sa'dits Mosque\" (Banu Sa'd); \"Magak-i Attari states: Western Sogdiana (in the hellenistic Mosque\" (on the site of the zoroastrian temple). period and until the VII century); Turkic In other parts of the city \"Qurayshits Mosque\" dynasty of Bukharhudats (VII - VIII centuries); (Banu Quraysh), \"Hamdanits Mosque\" (Banu Takhirids (820-873) Samanids (IX-X centuries), Hamdam), etc. Under the Samanids, the area of Shaibanids (XVI century), Ashtarkhanids (XVII the city was around a thousand hectares. In the - rst half of XVIII centuries), Mangyts (second inner fortress there were 4 gates and in the wall half of the XVIII century - 1920). At present, the of the outer city there were 11 gates. center of the Bukhara region of the Republic of Uzbekistan is an area of 39.4 square kilometers. In 877, the rst madrasa in the islamic world The ancient part of Bukhara remains a \"living\" was built in the city . An arab traveler of the medieval city, preserving the original structure 12th century Al-McDeesay wrote: \"There are (fortress, shahristan, ancient Shahrud canal). wide streets in Bukhara, neat baths, pleasant According to arabic and chinese chronicles, bazaars, magni cent mosques, fair sultan, the turkic ruler Bidun Bukharhudat erected in prosperous and literate residents, good the fortress an amazing palace \"according to food\". In the fortress was a huge library with plan like a constellation of the Great Bear\". He manuscripts and scrolls in 9 languages. Such ordered to attach the iron plate with his name at prominent scientists of Bukhara as Muhammad the gate of the city. Shahristan (28-30 hectares), ibn Isma'il al-Bukhari (810-870), Abu 'Ali ibn the foundation of the city is attributed to the Sina (980-1037) were engaged in this work. turkic ruler Shiri-Kishvar who arrived here with Outstanding work of Imam al-Bukhari \"Jami the army in the 60-80's. of VI century according 'a-Sahih\" (Collection of authentic hadiths) is to the request of Bukharians. the most authoritative collection of sayings of the Prophet. The works of Abu'ali ibn Sina According to medieval Arabian and Persian on medicine and philosophy were translated in sources, the city was known by other names: Europe starting from the 14th century. Bumiskat, Madinat as-sufriya (ar. Copper Town). In hadiths from the Prophet Muhammad (peace to The rulers of the turkic dynasty of Karakhanids him!) that are given in the works of local historians built mosques, madrasahs, baths, bridges, and it is told that during his ascension (mi'raj) the planted gardens. Arslan Khan Muhammad ibn Prophet saw Bukhara and foretold that thousands Suleiman (1102-1130) left the good memory of scientists will emerge here, with whom the city of himself. Until now, his buildings have been will be proud of. Hence, the city was named Fahir preserved in the city: a magni cent minaret, (ar. \"Proud\", \"Excellent\", \"Magni cent\"). which laid the foundation for the architectural ensemble of Po-yi Kalan with the Cathedral The advent of Islam in Bukhara occurred at the Mosque and the Namazghah countryside beginning of the VIII century and is associated mosque. Later other rulers of the city became 74 UZTG
Historical Sites famous as builders of mosques, charitable dynasty, such as 'Ubaidallah Khan (1512-1540), institutions, including a large public library Abd al-'Aziz Khan (1540-1550),' Abd Allah Khan (Dar al-kutub). At this time several dynasties of II (1557-1598) built dozens of madrasahs, Sunnits theologians lived and worked in the city mosques, khanaks, bridges, roads, seriously , whose works are still considered authoritative landscaped city. Each of them was known as in Islamic jurisprudence. That is why Bukhara the \"ruler of the sword and pen\" (sahib al-saif was called with the title \"Qutb ul-Islam\" (Dome wal-l-kalam), as they were not only warriors, but of Islam). Here, the most famous brotherhoods also highly educated people of their era. In the in the islamic world was established like middle of the XVI century Bukhara was visited Khojagon and Naqshbandiyya. by the trade mission of an englishman Antoni BUKHARA Jenkinson, who left interesting and reliable But in February 1220, Bukhara was captured records about the social and economic life of and burnt by the troops Genghis Khan. The city the city. In the XVII - 1 st half of the XVIII century didn’t recover for a long time after that. The Bukhara was ruled by the Ashtarkhanids, who Moroccan traveler Ibn Battuta, who traveled also made a lot of e orts to improve the city and through Bukhara in 1333, wrote: \"... now his the whole state. mosques, madrasahs and bazaars are in ruins except for a few\". Since 1868 the Bukhara Khanate was under the protectorate of the Russian Empire. The city was The complete revival of the city is connected connected to the railways and it became the center with the name of Amir Temur (1370-1405) of international trade, where major trades and and the Temurids. Bukhara was reborn as an auctions were held. In the early XX century on the important trade centre of the Great Silk Road territory of Bukhara there were 232 mosques and and as a centre for crafts. The city and the khanaka; about 200 madrasahs (higher, middle and oasis remained in tranquility and Amir Temur lower, 73 of them under the mosques) with a solid often visited this place (1376, 1381, 1389). His annual income from their own funds (waqf /avkaf). historian Ha z-i Abru wrote: \"Although now in comparison with the old time, there is not a Since independence (1991) extensive tenth part left, but compared to other famous restoration work has been carried out in cities Bukhara can be called a paradise garden Bukhara, especially in connection with the for its fertility and peaceful prosperity\". 2,500th anniversary of the city in 1996, headed by the First President of the Republic of At the turn of the XIV-XV centuries famous Uzbekistan Islam Karimov (1938-2016). bukharian su Hodja Muhammad Parsa (a disciple of Bach ad-Din Naqshband) built in Bukhara a Nowadays in Bukhara you can see the following khanaka, bathhouse, madrasah and bazaar. In his ancient buildings (including those, that located madrasah there was a huge library, in which were in the modern part of the city): 65 mosques and a collection of books and manuscripts dated from khanaks (one mosque Namazgah is suburban, earliest XII century. Mirzo Ulugbek (1409-1449), 5 friday, 20 khanaka, 7 mosques in bazaars, Amir Temur's grandson - built two madrasahs in 34 quarter) . In addition, mosque premises Bukhara (1417, 1440). are located in 29 madrasahs. 34 buildings are separately built madrasahs. Chronological range Bukhara once again became the capital under of monuments of architecture is in a boundary of the Shaibanids (1500-1603). Many rulers of this IX-X - early XX centuries. Ismail Samani Mausoleum This mausoleum is one of the most esteemed sights of Central Asia. Built in the end of the 9 th century, it is the resting place of Ismail Samani, a powerful and in uential Amir of the Samanid dynasty. According to archaeologists, it is one of the most ancient monuments in Uzbekistan with its artistic details of the brickwork displaying traditional features of pre-Islamic culture. Later, other kings of this dynasty were also buried here. It is interesting to note that the building of this burial vault contradicted the Islamic rules at those days - the erection of any monuments above the graves of believers was forbidden. His mausoleum in Bukhara is recognized as a masterpiece of architecture for its perfection of its geometric design. Location: M. Ashra Street, Bukhara Coordinates: 39° 46’ 36.19” N 64° 24’ 3.97” E UZTG 75
a Chor Bakr Suleyman M BUKHARA BUKHARA Chashma- Ay ub Pistashkikanon Karimov Market Mausoleum Tallipach Darvoza Bolo Khauz Ashrafi Khodja Nurobod Ismail Samani Mausoleum Abdullah Khan Madrassah Havzi Nav Gazzoli Bukhara Antigua Muralla The Ark The gentle high walls are more than half a The Ark of Bukhara or The Fortress, located in thousand years old defending its emir’s ruler the city of Bukhara, Uzbekistan was initially and today, it is a major architectural monument built and occupied around the 5th century AD. of Bukhara. Their walls soar to a height of 16 to In addition to being a military structure, the 20 meters and have a perimeter of 800 meters. Ark encompassed what was essentially a town However, only one gate remains today. Before that during much of the fortress’ history was Genghis Khan took over Bukhara he destroyed inhabited by the various royal courts that held and ransacked the fortress that served the sway over the region surrounding Bukhara. inhabitants of the city. The Ark was used as a fortress until it fell to Russia in 1920. Currently, the ruins of the Ark In Avicenna’s book, it was cited: are a tourist attraction and houses museums “I found in this library such books, about covering its history. which I had never seen before in my life. I read 76 UZTG
Murodov BUKHARA Afrosiab Samarkand Murodov Bolo Khauz Khakikat Ulugbek Faizabad Madrassah Khanaka Khodja Nurobod Nizomi Miri Arab Complejo Poi Madrassah Kukeldash Khodja Nurobod Kalon Madrassah Chor-Minor Bukhara Madrassah Airport Magoki Atori Ambar Nodir-Divanbegi 4 km. Mosque Khanaka Lyabi Hauz Bakhovuddin Nakshbandi Nodir-Divanbegi Bakhovuddin Nakshband Gazzoli Djaloli Ikromi Arabon Gazzoli Otobay Ishonov Djakhongir Abdulla Tukay Muminov Antigua Navoi Muralla Namazgokh Mosque them, and I came to know each scientist and each science. Before me lay gates of inspiration into great depths of knowledge which I had not surmised to exist.” However, the library was destroyed in one of the conquests of Bukhara. Fees: 5,000 som (Regional Studies Museum in the Ark Fortress) Location: Mirzo Khait Street, Bukhara Coordinates: 39° 46’ 39.65” N 64° 24’ 33.79” E UZTG 77
Historical Sites Chashma-Ayub Mausoleum In ancient times, Saint Ayub came to Bukhara as a wanderer, settled down and an explosion by his sta created a well (Chash-ma) with clean and healing water. Over the well, stands a mausoleum called Chasma-Ayub which means BUKHARA cult structures like this are called Kadamjoy “Job’s Spring” by nickname. In Uzbekistan, which means “a footprint” to represent highly respected clergymen. According to Bible, Job was from Hebron but he died and was buried at Bukhara. The historical value of the monument consists of the exact date written on ktoba (1208-1209 AD) or 605 years in the Muslim Calendar. However, Bolo-Khauz Complex the mausoleum was repeatedly reconstructed; today, it consists of many chambers and various The Bolo-Khauz Complex is the only Registan’s sizes of design which creates a special aura of monument that survived through thousands of seclusion. millennia. It consists of a mosque, a minaret and a pond. It is one of the oldest constructions This site was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage in the complex but it was drained as it became Site on 18 January 2008 in the cultural th the source of diseases. category. Built by the order of Emir’s wife, through legends, Location: M. Ashra Street, Bukhara says that Emir Shakhmurad (1785 – 1800) built Coordinates: 39° 46’ 42.01” N 64° 24’ 7.65” E it for public prayers. Next to the mosque is a minaret which was built after the mosque in 1718. The minaret was reconstructed as it was slowly leaning to a critical point. Now, it looks just like it did 3 centuries ago. Today, the complex is one of the most impressive sights in Bukhara. Although it is relatively young, it certainly deserves the recognition as a luxurious mosque with its impressive architecture and high carved wooden ceiling. It’s also known as the “mosque of forty columns”. Location: M. Ashra Street, Bukhara Coordinates: 39° 46’ 40.15” N 64° 24’ 25.95” E Poi-Kalyan Ensemble Operating as a main ensemble in Bukhara, Poi- Kalyan means ‘the pedestal of the Great’. Consisting of 4 medieval architectures, the Kalyan Mosque and Mini-Arab Madrassah facing each other and between them is the Kalyan Minaret and to the south is a small Amir-Allimkhan Madrassah The Friday-prayer Kalyan Mosque is one of the ancient buildings of Poi-Kalyan Square. Moreover, according to some sources, at one time, it served as a beacon for the caravans coming across the desert surrounding Bukhara. Location: 2 Eshony Pir Street, 705000 Bukhara Contact: (+988 65) 2242246 Coordinates: 39° 46’ 33.50” N 64° 24’ 55.89” E 78 UZTG
Historical Sites Kalyan Mosque The ancient building of Poi-Kalyan Square also known as the second largest in Central Asia after Bibi-Khanum can accommodate up to 12,000 people. The mosque replaced the previous Qarakhanid cathedral mosque of the th 12 century. Below the arch is an inscription in Arabic characters of the date the Kaylan Mosque was constructed-1514. This mosque is comparable with Temurid cathedral mosques in BUKHARA Samarkand. Peculiarly, standing with your back to the mikhrab, you can see the huge peshtak of Mini Arab Madrassah, rising from behind the opposite portal of the mosque. Mini-Arab Madrassah Situated opposite Kalyan Mosque, this is one of the most esteemed Islamic University operating during the post- Soviet Territory. Its architecture and décor represents the highest culture and taste in the 16 century. The external decor th Kalyan Minaret is formed by carved mosaics of vegetative ornaments and Sulth scripts. Kalyan Minaret when translated means ‘The Great Tower’ but is also well known as ‘The The Shaybanid-khan’s tomb with wooden Tower of Death’. There are many legends about gravestone in Yemen style is located at the foot the Kalyan Tower. Many people have been of Sheikh Mini-Arab’s tomb. executed by being pushed to their death from the top of the tower. A sacred symbol of Bukhara, the minaret is not only used to call Muslims to prayers but also symbolized the authoritative power of their spiritual leader. Beneath the minaret is a spiral staircase with 104 steps. The minaret is 45.6m and inside the tower contains an inscription carved on cornice which marks the year the minaret was built, 1127 along with the name of architect – Bako. At one point of time, there was a story of a Shah who wanted to kill his wife. He ordered her execution by pushing her down the tower. Fortunately, as she supposedly fell to her death, her dress parachuted her gently to the ground. UZTG 79
Historical Sites Ensemble of Khoja-Gaukushon One of the largest architectural ensemble including a mosque, a minaret and a madrassah, is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. In the past, it was a large trade square of Bukhara. It got its name due to the slaughter house which was once in this site. ‘Gaukushon’ is translated as ‘killing of bulls’. BUKHARA The initiator of the Khoja was Djuybarsk Sheikh Khoja Sayyid re ecting the name of the mosque and the ensemble in whole. Location: Gaukshon Street, Bukhara Nodir Divan-begi Madrassah On the west side of Lyabi-hauz is another architectural monument, the Nodir Divan-begi Khanaka built in 1619. It is a multi-cell building with a central cupola hall, with unique niches on every corner of the building side. There are ample khudjras in the building. In the past, it was built as a caravanserai, housing traditional craft shops and jewellery. In the evening, it became a concert site with traditional music and beautiful ladies performing folk dances and singing melodious traditional songs. However, during the opening, Imamkuli-khan (1611- 1642) advised his minister on construction of the building “for the glory of Allah” by advice of Su sheikhs. So, Nadir Divan-Begi had to convert it into a madrassah. 80 UZTG
Eating Out BUKHARA Silk Road Spices Tea House Address: 5 Halim Ibodov Street, Bukhara Contact: (+99865) 224-22-68 Email: [email protected] Website: www.silkroadspices.org Nodir Devonbegi Madrassah Operation Hour: 9am – 7pm in Bukhara Address: Lyab-i Hauz, Bukhara Minzifa Restaurant Operation Hour: 9am – 6pm Address: 6 Khujarushnoy Street, Bukhara Contact: (+99865) 2246175 National House of Rustam- Operation Hour: 11am – 11pm aka Restaurant Address: 10, Sarofon Street, Bukhara Contact: (+99865) 7773585 **Advance order (half a day before) is required Doston House Restaurant Address: 5, K. Kalon Street, Bukhara Contact: (+99865) 1902755 Lyabi Hauz Tea Houses Address: Lyabi Hauz, Bukhara Operation Hour: 11am – 11pm UZTG 81
Eating Out Chaikhana Bolo Hauz Address: Bukhara, at Registan BUKHARA Bella Italia Restaurant Address: B. Nakshbandi str. 125, Bukhara Contact: (+99865) 5995052 Operation Hour: 11am – 11pm Dolon Restaurant Address: 27, Khakhikat Street, Bukhara Contact: (+99890) 2745366 Operation Hour: 9am – 12am Kochevnik Address: Bakhautdin Naqshband, Old Town, Bukhara, Uzbekistan Caravan Restaurant Address: M. Ikbol street 12, Bukhara Contact: +99893-383-05-05 Operation Hour: 10am – 12am 82 UZTG
Accommodation Grand Bukhara Hotel Address: 8, Muminova str., 705016, Bukhara Phone: (+998 65) 223 13 59 Website: www.grandbukharahotel.com Bukhara Palace Hotel Address: 8, Navoi Avenue, 205016, Bukhara Phone: (+ 998 65) 223 0024 Email: [email protected] BUKHARA Website: www.hotelbukharapalace.com Hotel Asia Bukhara Address: Mekhtar Ambar Street, Bukhara Phone: (+998 93)2246431/ (+998 93) 2246432 Website: www.asiabukhara.com Komil Boutique Hotel Address: 32 Arabon Street, 705018 Bukhara Phone: (+98365) 223 8780 Email: [email protected] Website: www.komiltravel.com Minzifa Boutique Guest House Address: Eshoni Pir 63, old town Bukhara Phone: (+998 93)383 03 54 Email: [email protected] Website: www.minzifa.com Zargaron Plaza Hotel Address: 256, Bakhouddin Nakshbandi Street, Bukhara Phone: (+998 65) 223 03 52 Email: N/A Website: N/A Lyabi House Hotel Address: 7, Khusainov Street, Bukhara Phone: (+98365) 2242484 Email: [email protected] Website: www.lyabihouse.com Avicenna Hotel Address: Mirdustim street 216/1, Bukhara Phone: (+98890) 9304032 Email: N/A Website: N/A UZTG 83
Accommodation Devon Begi Hotel Address: 95, Mekhtar Anbar str, Bukhara Phone: N/A Email: N/A Website: N/A BUKHARA Omar Hayam Hotel Address: 7, Khakikat Street, Bukhara Phone: (+98865) 2246267 Email: N/A Website: N/A Old City Hotel Address: 2/11, Eshoni Pir Street, Bukhara Contact: (+99865) 224-27-37 Email: [email protected] / [email protected] Website: www.hotel-oldcity.com Malika Bukhara Hotel Address: 25, Shaumyana Street, Bukhara Phone: (+998 65) 2246256 Website: www.malika-bukhara.com Sultan Hotel Mekhtar Ambar Address: 100 Bakhouddin Nakshbandi Street, 200118 Bukhara Guest House Phone: (+99865) 2242435 Address: 91, B. Nakshbandi Street, Bukhara Email: [email protected] Phone: (+998 93) 960 00 85 Website: www.bukhara-sultanhotel.com Website: www.hotel-mekhtarambar.com 84 UZTG
Intro FERGHANA VALLEY F erghana V V alley alley he picturesque Ferghana Valley is located and other raw materials. The Syr Darya River, in the eastern part of Uzbekistan. It is one of the greatest rivers of Central Asia, runs T the most densely populated region of across the valley and is fed by more than 70 Uzbekistan, with almost a third of the country’s mountain streams. Birds including seagulls population. The diamond-shaped valley is 300 and pheasants are aplenty on the shores of the km from east to west and 170 km from north to Syr Darya. south. The mild climate of the Ferghana Valley allows a growing season of 240 days per year. The rst ancient settlements in the Ferghana Thanks to that, the primary emphasis on the Valley appeared more than 5000 years ago and production of cotton, silk and other agricultural for a long time Kokand was the main city of crops has turned a large part of the valley into Ferghana Valley. The rst written evidence about an oasis. With the primary crop being cotton the town of Khavikand can be found in the 10th in close to 25,000 sq. km of fertile land, there century chronicles where it was mentioned as a is scarcely a hectare of uncultivated land. town located on the Great Silk Road and famous In ancient times, the exceptional ora of the for its crafts. Kokanda was also a religious centre region gave the Ferghana Valley the name with 35 madrassahs and 100 mosques during its “Golden Valley”. years of prosperity. Unfortunately, the majority of them were ruined in the course of time. Besides The Ferghana Valley is rich in a number of that, Andijan is also one of the most ancient natural resources including gold, oil, copper cities of Ferghana Valley. UZTG 85
Historical Sites Khudoyar-Khan Palace (Kokand Urda) The Khudoyar-khan palace, built in 1871, was the ruler’s to the present day. The collection of seventh mansion and was intended to surpass all the the museum features many exhibits previous constructions in terms of its dimensions and which tell the visitors about Kokand’s splendour of decoration. On the portal, between two historical past. On the other hand, the guldasta-towers above the huge fretted entrance gates, palace itself with its amazing ornaments there is an Arabic inscription made of majolica tiles and graceful colour combinations serve FERGHANA VALLEY Featuring 119 rooms decorated with lace-like carving Location: 2, Istiqlol Street, Kokand City, as a testimony of the unfading glory of which states “Seyid Mukhammad Khudoyar-khan – the great ruler”. Ferghana Valley ceramists. back then, the most ornate premises were the throne Ferghana Valley room and waiting room. Over the years, the interior Coordinates: N40.538666, E70.938136 layout of the khan’s palace underwent considerable Website: museum.dinosoft.uz changes. Only two courtyards and 19 rooms which today Phone: (+98873) 553 60 46 accommodate the City Local Lore Museum have survived Opening Hours: 9am – 5pm Dakhma-i-shakhan Royal Cemetery Upon Umar-khan’s death in 1822, his wife Nadira devoted her life to poetry and piety. Several Kokand mosques, madrassahs and caravanserais built were connected to her name. One of which is the Dakhma-i-Shakhan burial complex where Umarkhan was interred. It was a composite architectural ensemble which was typical for memorial complexes of the Ferghana Valley and was called khazira. The gravestones of Umarkhan, his brothers, sons and grandsons are richly decorated with carving, intricate ornaments and quotations from Koran made in Arabic characters. 86 UZTG
Historical Sites The architectural complex included a domed construction with a portal, a commemoration mosque, and a fenced courtyard where the gravestone were placed. However, since the construction of the mausoleum two centuries ago, only a splendid entrance pavilion survives. Two facetted towers anking the facade immediately bring to mind the images of the Bibi-khanym mosque in Samarkand as if alluding to the fact that both buildings were dedicated to great women. To the right, on one of the hexahedral tiles, the architect left the date the mausoleum was constructed – Hijra year of 1241 (1825). A legend says that kulol- ceramists from Rishtan, as well as local ganch FERGHANA VALLEY fretwork craftsmen took part in decoration of the Modari-khan Mausoleum. The most noteworthy in the décor of the mausoleum is Modari-Khan Mausoleum an amazing decoration of the inner vault. The Initially, the Modari-khan Mausoleum, which craftsmen covered it with ribbed helix pattern means “Mother of khan” was a traditional made of ganch. Helix is one of the most archaic Ferghana memorial construction –khazira. elements known from pre-Islamic time. Zakhiriddin Babur Architectural Complex The complex comprises the monument to hijra with avian, a park named after Babur was Zakhiriddin Mohammad Babur (fondly known as laid out. This park accommodates a magni cent Babur, an outstanding writer, poet, and scholar, architectural complex and a garden full of plants a talented military leader and statesman) and brought from various parts of the world, more a theme museum “Babur and world’s culture” than 50 sorts of fruit and decorative trees line which displays many rare exhibits telling about the alleys of the park. rich historical legacy of the Baburid dynasty. A chairlift can ride a visitor to the top of the Location: 21, Bazernaya Street, Andijan hill from which an unforgettable panorama of Contact: (+99874) 225 7302 Babur’s native city opens up. In the southeastern Operational Hours: 9am – 6pm (Closed on part of Andijan, on Baghishamal Hill, where Sunday and Monday) according to Babur himself there once stood his Coordinates: N 40.44.42, E 70.21.36 UZTG 87
Historical Sites Navoi Park This green haven of trees and boating ponds lies east of Babur Square. In the park’s northeast corner rests the gently decaying splendour of the residence of Akhmed Beg Khodja. This capitalist factory owner ed the Bolsheviks to China, leaving his 1897 home to become a folk FERGHANA VALLEY visitors from wandering two storeys of living museum. Since independence, its new role as o ce for Andijan Muslims does not prohibit quarters and guest rooms. To the north is a brightly reconstructed mosque and madrassah complex, built on the site of the 1903 original. Elsewhere, the Bolalar Bogi (Children’s Garden) is a new fairground at the crossroads of Fitrat and Sharaf Rashidov. Chakar Mosque Islam has the tradition of replacing old timeworn cult structures with new ones of the same purpose. To construct a civil building on the site of a cult, one was considered blameworthy and sacrilegious. Thus, by tradition, in the early 20th century the new mosque Chakar replaced the old dilapidated Marghilan’s mosque. It says that the mosque was built in 1911 (1329 of Hegira) and shows the names of the builders of the mosque, Usto Tukhtabek and Mir-Bobo Hajji of Hojent. The exquisite interior decoration of the building, especially the paintings of the plafonds, is a remarkable example of extraordinary skills of the Ferghana Valley craftsmen and makes Chakar Mosque a popular tourist attraction. 88 UZTG
Historical Sites Revival of Ancient Tradition of Silk-weaving in Uzbekistan FERGHANA VALLEY Get another Rich Palette in Great Silk Road Embassy of the Republic of Uzbekistan in Malaysia Kuala Lumpur 2016 UZTG 89
Historical Sites Visitors to Uzbekistan rave about the marvelous blue domes, minarets and ancient fortresses, but there is also plenty to see in terms of arts and crafts. In a workshop in the heart of FERGHANA VALLEY a millennium. Here at the ‘Yodgorlik’ (which Uzbekistan’s Ferghana Valley – the rearing of silkworms and production of silk has been practiced in the Ferghana Valley for well over means «Reminiscence» in English) silk factory in the town of Marghilan, the ancient art is thriving. From historical chronicles it is known that as far back as the beginning of the 1st millennium C. E. in Fergana Valley there was manufactured precious silk from the oss brought from China. In the 7th-8th centuries Ferghana masters began to breed the silkworm. To this very day the main Uzbek silk-weaving centers are in Ferghana Valley, with Marghilan being its ‘silk capital’. For centuries Marghilan silk was exported along the Great Silk Road arteries to Baghdad, Kashgar, Iran, Egypt, Greece, Byzantium and Russia. 90 UZTG
Historical Sites FERGHANA VALLEY Lake in High Mountains The town of Marghilan is famous as a sericulture center, but silk is made across Uzbekistan, from the Ferghana Valley in the east to Khorezm in the west. The country is the world’s third largest silk producer after China and India, accounting for around 5 percent of global output. Babur, the Turco-Mongol founder of the Mughal dynasty, was a native of Andijan in the Fergana Valley. UZTG 91
Historical Sites ‘Yodgorlik’ silk-weaving mill in Marghilan fabric. This seems to be a very little amount for is considered to be the best enterprise a big mill. But one should remember that they manufacturing handmade silk in Uzbekistan. use the traditional technology of making the FERGHANA VALLEY fabrics by hand – that is the same techniques Set up in 1972, the mill was then the biggest Ferghana weavers used in ancient times. enterprise of such kind in Ferghana Valley. Fifteen years ago the workers of the mill At the mill you can see the whole silk- decided to revive the ancient craft of handmade making process from cocoons processing silk; this craft has existed in Uzbekistan for to nished product. Here, 450 workers, with over 2500 years. majority of them being women, weave silk and cotton fabric. The mill’s monthly At the mill you can see the whole silk-making output is up to 6000 meters of natural process from cocoons processing to nished silk, semi-silk and cotton fabric. product. Here, 450 workers, with majority of them being women, weave silk and cotton fabric. The mill’s monthly output is up to 6000 meters of natural silk, semi-silk and cotton 92 UZTG
Historical Sites FERGHANA VALLEY Alpine Lake in Chimgan Mountains Registan Square is ancient Samarkand UZTG 93
Historical Sites FERGHANA VALLEY The Crafts Development Centre in Marghilan is khan-atlas (Royal Silk) and shoyee. Making also a place to visit to see local arts and crafts fabrics with abr pattern is an art itself. The Uzbek word abr means ‘a cloud’. Abr pattern, one of the made by local people. The gorgeous Uzbek hats oldest and most favourite in Uzbekistan, indeed produced here are perfect souvenirs, and there´s looks like ying clouds in the sky. a whole range of di erent fabrics and garments. Everything is made by hand, just like in numerous other workshops around the city. The local craftsmen and women don´t seem to mind being Bibi-Khanum observed as they work and it´s possible to ask Mosque an for a guided tour. Square – devoted to The artists painstakingly put the nishing touches the wife of to intricate work that re ects the country´s past. Emperor Temur Some 30 percent of people in Marghilan – a city of town 220,000 – are said to work in the arts and crafts sector. People, working at the Factory are proud to keep alive traditions like ikat and other hallmark textiles such as khan atlas – Royal Silk. Manual silk-weaving is a long and laborious process. But at Marghilan mill they still make hard-to-make traditional Uzbek fabrics adras, bekasam and the most popular abr fabrics: 94 UZTG
Historical Sites The ‘Yodgorlik’ Silk Production factory is just one of the places where techniques that go back hundreds of years are kept alive. Ikat is the name of the technique used here, whereby the individual threads are dyed before being weaved FERGHANA VALLEY FERGHANA VALLEY on traditional wooden looms. The silk products produced here include scarves, dresses, hats, carpets, tablecloths, cushions and bed covers. Silkworm cocoons from mulberry trees are used. mulberry trees are used. UZTG 95
Historical Sites Visitors can watch as workers carefully remove Approximately 6000 meters of fabrics are woven the silk from the cocoons in large basins of a month. 60% of it is made of pure natural silk, water. It is fascinating to see how everything is 25% is cotton - silk mixed and 15% is cotton done by hand, with no mechanical machines in fabrics. Pure natural silk fabrics are normally sight; just the wooden spindles, spinning wheels called Khan-Atlas (Royal Silk) and Shoyi (Shohy) FERGHANA VALLEY The preparation of the warp for abr silk fabric Joining the cotton weft into the silk warp it is also and looms. The colours are chosen carefully, in and even their color patterns are individually named by shape and style. keeping with the local traditions. produced mixed fabrics called Adras, Jujuncha, with blurred edges of pattern elements has been for a long time considered a special craft. First and Beqasam. Today, we produce them under contract with many other countries. the oss is wound into a big skein and a master puts the pattern on it in spots or strokes. The Under long-term agreements the mill delivers its parts that are not to be dyed are tightly wrapped unique fabrics to India, Iran, Russia, Korea, and around with a thick thread. Then the skein is Germany. Many fashion designers value natural dipped into the dye: the open parts of the skein silk and cotton without synthetic admixture, and get dyed; at the edges of the wrappings the dye stops but still leaks slightly inside, which later gives the pattern elements the blurring edges. worldwide recognition. The dyes are put one after another, depending on a pattern design. The number of dye colour varies unique fabrics by Marghilan weavers have won from 2 to 7. Then the skein is sent to a weaver. Manually operated looms have the same design for all types of fabrics; only the number and size of their harness frames di er. In the Middle Ages the width of the fabrics was 26.4 centimeters – this was the width of the loom frames. In the 19th century the width of the frames grew to 40 centimeters, and in the early 20th century they began using looms with wider frames – just like those ‘Yodgorlik’ mill weavers operate on today. The abr patterns with blurred outlines make broad iridescent lancet design of various compositions. The oldest Marghilan abrband weavers found in their family archives the ancient recipes for the dyes and secrets of dyeing techniques to get combinations of stylized ovals, vegetal and geometrical pattern elements. You can view the whole process of the production of silk fabrics from cocoons as you tour the factory. Here, workers weave such completely natural and authentic silk and cotton fabrics as Khan Atlas (Royal Silk), Adras, Shoyi (sometimes Shohi), Beqasam, Jujuncha, Bo’z etc., all completely by hand. 96 UZTG
We welcome You to Uzbe Uzbekistankistan a Land of ancient wonders, unique historical, architectural, natural and cultural riches, Land of splendid hospitality of its people. UZTG 97
Intro KHIVIA H History ofistory of he legend has it that Khiva was discovered about around the town area. Some say that if Khiva 2500 years ago when Shem, the son of Noah did not have a rivalry with the neighbouring T discovered a well in the middle of the desert. Bukhara, Khiva would not be as signi cant Upon this fateful discovery, he exclaimed “Khi-wa!”, as it is now. which means “sweet water”, and that is how Khiva got its name. As most civilization started o with the Ichan-Qala (literally “internal fortress”) sweet discovery of precious water sources, we can forms the internal city of Khiva. The borders safely assume that this is how it all started. of Khiva coincided with that in the 16th- 17th centuries. The clay wall over 2,200 m For the next 1000 years, the area was inhabited by in length and 7-8 m in height surrounded settlements that utilized the nearby Amu-Darya River Ichan-Qala. The wall was forti ed with to grow crops. Many archeologists assume that semicircular towers. The embattled gallery Khiva was founded around the 5th or 6th century. As went along the top of wall. Defensive walls Islam spread to the area, the rst major structures of Ichan-Qala reliably protected Khiva down were built near Shem’s well, and it became known as to invasion of Nadir-shah in the middle of a small trading post on the Silk Road. 18thcentury. Iranian troops took Khiva and forti cation system was partly destroyed. As Khiva grew to become one of the most important Khiva had expanded at the Qungrad and busiest settlements around, it drew in many dynasty. By the 20thcentury its area had people from all over to the town. The rst written been fteen times as much as Ichan-Qala. sources are dated back from the 10th century. The th Arab traveller, Al-Istachri, mentions Khiva in his In the 19 century, taxes and money were enumeration of the most important settlements introduced as a strong central power was in Chorezm. Meanwhile, the Arab geographer, Ibn created in Khiva. As the industry in Khiva Battuta, visited Khiva in the 14th century. Going grew, it became one of the most important through the town and seeing the people of Khiva with markets of slaves in Central Asia. This went its culture, he was impressed. He praised the emir on for many years and eventually slavery who was untiringly taking care of law and order and was formally abolished during the October reported that the city was so full of people that it was Revolution of 1917. Khiva has 94 mosques almost impossible to nd one’s way in the crowd. and 63 madrassahs, making it an important center for Islamic studies. In 1990, Khiva During the 16th century, Khiva was nally made was recognized as a World Heritage Site by capital of an Islamic Khanate and this lead to the UNESCO for its signi cant role in the world establishment of Khiva as a center of power in the of Islam. region with various architectural projects developed 98 UZTG
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