Shell World 1983 Part 1

PUSTAKA NEGERI SARAWAK tlililulltilril llill ll lllill I llllll llilll lllllilllil 3 2000 001096564



SHELLWORLD JANUARY 1983 No 1 Vol B Editor Reg Farrance Assistant Editor Vernon Leonard Arl Edilor John Hawkins Statl Wriler Alison Turner Editorial Assistanl Marian Thorn Associat€ Editor in the Netherlands Jim Keulemans 3 FROM OIL RIGS TO PIGS r!e$ A survey of the enterprising Philippines starts here f,\". 1O BOOKS How beginners should take to their boats 11 DEEPER AND CHEAPER The pioneerin glazerka proiect on stream 16 TREK TO THE NORTH POLE Where Amundsen failed, Ragnar Thorseth won through 18 TRANSPORT OF DELIGHT Osbert Lancaster's memorable mural is 25 years old. 20 FILMS The Fate of the Forests reviewed 21 SHELL WORLD CALENDAR Eight-page pullout featuring the world's endangered birdlife 29 LETTERS You write, we widen the audience 30 THE RED INK. . . AND THE GREEN That's ihe nub o{ operations in Kenya 36 NOSTALGIA Lewis Phillips looks back at Venezuela g7 COAL RUSH AT GERMAN CREEK Australia's $400 million mining prolect takes of{ 42 AROUND THE WORLD What's happening-news and briefs 46 DIARY Plus people on the move/retirements COVER When is a tanker not a tanker? When it is Tazerka at La Ciotat. Evening scene by Jeff Jones Ediiorial oftice: SIPC, Shell Centre, London SE1 7NA. Telephone: 01-934 2481 1 247 9 1 247 8 (Ed itorial ) 01 -934 5293 (Distributio n) Ed itors of newspapers or magazines are welcome to reproduce any article, with acknowiedgements to 'Shell World', except those shown to be takeft {rom other souries. Opinions expressed in articles do not necessarily reflect the policy of any Shell company. Original photographs and many others are usually available lrom the Photographic Library UASRC/1, Shell Centre. London SEl 7NA. CORRESPONDENTS Argentina: Denis Dunn; Australia: Frank Colyer; Austria: Gustav Haslehner; Belgiumi Christian Dossin; Brazil: Eduardo Reis Lara Resende; Brunei: Sandy Livingstone; Canada: Derek Hayter; Curacao: Mari e I I a-Capel lo ; De n mark: Marg rethe.skov ; Fi nl and : Tu ul a Bergstroem ; France: EIiane Pichard; Gabon: Jean-Pierre Beernaerts; Germany: Marie I urse Brendel: Greece: Chris Georgiadis: lndonesia: Sudjoko Hudyonoto: iapdn: Takako Mohri; Malaysia: lmran AIias; The Netherlands, Shell Necieriand:8V: Peter van der Horst; Billiton lnternational Metals: .Ros CDaoscahreersiy; ;lJi;iSLerPiah: ilJipopsihnueas:JaFcakc;unNdoorwRaoy:coS; igPuorrdtugEaidl:e;JoOamoaSn:erDoadviiod Gomes; Spain: Javier de Mencos; Singapore: Tan Chek Sian; Swed,en: Jan Eriksscn: Switzerland: Christa Dettwiler; Thailand:Precha. -Phonpraserir,; Turkey: Vecdi Kizildemir; UK, Shell UK: Bernard Taylor; USA, Sheii Oii Company: Siu.\" xt\"inrun; Scallop Corporation: Sherry iil. Adler a larraa r /9,!J SHELL \\IORLD i:;, t1 \"



thrust ofthe country's policy is to contribution to greater 'inter- living in rural areas. 'Looking at livestock.'When you listen to hini this country's long term future,' redSucheetlhl aitndepthenedePnchei.lippines. nationalism' of Shell staff. It has discussing the possibility of de- tfhirrmoulyghdeimtsonmsatrnaytinagcttihviatitesit, developed a special job rotation says Cesar Buenaventura, 'we felt veloping a pig breeding herd for is scheme for relatively junior tech- there was a need to do something is Asia and the weight gains of these nicians to gain experience in other for the rural areas, quite apart there to stay, however, that it countries in the region. special pigs, he sounds more like from our agrochemicals business. ihtasisa lot to contribute and that With some of its new ideas, it is a farmer than the oilman he is. continuing its investment also demonstrating involvement The second biggest problem here is food production for our grow- On the agricultural front, the with a country which depends programme. greatly on agriculture and has ing population. Shell Chemical Company is also It is also investing in people some 70 per cent of its population 'The country is now self- promoting a corn seed that yields sufficient in rice, but not in and making its own particular more than five times the normal harvest. It is also helping to pro- mote the development of cotton T*\"iO$T VKRY IMPtrR]ANT.. farming-new to the country. With the possibilities of a pineapple pelletisation scheme, Shell is associating with some- ltihsintgohfigphrioonrititehse government's though modest, c-onatribnuotvioenl, towards reducing dependence on oil. Cesar Buenaventura has set his eyes further ahead, in the hope of expanding this concept to industrial tree plantations and processing the wood for fuel pellets. He agrees that these activities are on the periphery of the business, and small in'oil' terms, opSaefmvepDnetryre-dsC_peoivgnesrnaasdreoomthVneoiplteriniadt,egf!offifs.inaOunnfdefl-tiimqjogey, health products.' Despite the wait but he emphasises: at the airport and 'They show we are seriously veterinary student at the University of the the eady morn- looking to the future.' Philippines in the bustling city of Manila, he is ing hour, he called them'hEndsome animals'. The job of masterminding the now in as remote a spot as you can imagine The 64 crates of jetJagged pigs in the new diversified developments in - -on the island of Cebu his attention alternative energy is with Lito concentrated on these superpigs, which were Mata, general manager of Shell bred in England in a temperate climate. chartered cargo plane were accompanied by Energy Development Enterprises When the two-month-old VIPs (Very two technical advisers. The animals were then Inc, a company set up to handle Important Pigs) arrived at Manila Airport in transported to two farms belonging to the the processing, application and marketing ofproducts from non- the Philippines in the early hours of the Filipino partners of Shell. One is the Hacienda conventional energy sources. morning last March, there was a distinguished Bigaa in Luzon, owned by a large industrial He and his staff are working on reception committee and a television crew, all enterprise with a 25 per cent share in Pilipinas the pineapple project-a world of whom had been waiting flve hours. flrst-which currently depends Shell, and the other the Asturias farm on the on the right type of harvesting It was a sequel to a visit to the UK made island of Cebu. system before the fuel pellets can last September by Pilipinas Shell's president Cesar Buenaventura-to the Cotswold Pig The consignment of Bigs for Cebu was be made. Close to his heart is the Development Company farm. Following that visit, it was decided to bring in a batch of pigs shipped to the island and then taken by lorries concept of following this up in the to carry out studies for the start of a multi- million peso Shell-Filipino joint venture pig some 80 km across the hills, past the copper future with the use of coconut breeding project. mine, through market towns and villages, husks, which also has the advan- These Cotswold breeding pigs have been travelling on the road alongside jeepneys tage of putting more pesos into called 'superpigs'. They are able to gain a kilo (those colourful Filipino mini-buses), the pockets of the small farmers. a day from 25 per cent less feed than normal, and produce a minimum of 20 piglets ayear. bicycles, horse-drawn carts and water buffalo. But he is fully aware of the The pig breeding project will serve as a As the tarmac petered out, some muddy, pot- problems of a scheme of this sort, basis for establishing a pilot herd producing holed tracks led to the final climb up to the for with small plantations widely grandparent stock breeders for sale to com- newly built piggeries, the specially built scattered around the country it mercial breeders. As well as providing sewage system and a new home in the damp would probably call for the con- information for large scale production, the heat of the island. project is also providing experience with the struction of mobile plants. At the Asturias farm Dr Vitiago visits and pigs in tropical conditions. The country is awash with examines each pig three times a day. He really Cesar Buenaventura hopes it will become coconut trees and more than a does like them-each one has a name-and third ofthe population is depen- the nucleus of a herd for Asia-the source of dent on coconuts for its liveli- he says it has been like looking afler 77 babies. pigs for countries such as Singapore, Thailand With their snuffling snouts and behavioural hood. The Philippines is the and possibly Taiwan. 'Our pigs are superior in lapses they would not be everyonels first favourites, but they have all the right genes world's biggest exporter of coco- terms of weight gain, are very efficient protein nut oil. But the coconut business has been suffering recently in converters-and are a good source of protein.' world markets and a boost is That first consignment of 160 pigs was met by Shetrl Chemicals general manager Benny to produce new generations of super pigs, sorely needed.. COabepninpainndaatgr2oc.3h0eminicaltshemamnaogrneirnRge. nTahtoe and Conrado Vitiago will be their midwife. Another possible outlet for coconuts, however, is the coco- company is acting as 'agent' for the pigs, Indeed four new litters every week since last but, says Renato Capinpin, 'I never imagined diesel fuel mixture currently September has already brought their numbers ibneviengstirgoaatidontesstaedt , I would be involved in pigs, though I have following seen a lot of them through selling animal up to about 500. Thornton Their special diet has about ten ingredients, Research Centre in the UK. including corn and flsh meal and with a Yet another Philippines pro- ject is with photovoltaic solar vitamin supplement. Dr Vitiago considers the climate good for them-not too cold and not systems. Although this will prob- too hot. Their isolation is to protect them ably not always be commercially from disease. Every week a telex goes to the attractive over the next five years, fnuetvuerretheulseessinthteerremcsooufldvibllaegea pigs' parent Cotswold company in the UK giving the weight and number of each animal, water supply and irrigation. whose history is then recorded on a computer. Lito Mata's enterprise com- It is of course a small business. But in five pany is also concerned with coal, and hopes to participate in coal years'time, says Cesar Buenaventura, 'should trading. He also'runs the inter- be generating almost $4 million a year.' O national oil sales business -'It .lanuart 1983 SHELL WORLD

ticks like a clock and keeps the cash flow going,'he says. 'I need money (not too much!) to spend lor development purposes.' The lascination ol the pine- apple and pigs schemes is that the results can be seen in a couple of years. These in palticulal have excited the imagination of Cesar Buenaventura. Hqrvest time at Del Moilte, But, in spite ol all these fasci- iotld's largest pineapple plantqtion. ideas and activities '. n'Ial tiwnge look ahead,' says Cesar I .. o hundred thousdnd tonnes of waste Buenaventura, 'in ten years ftom te being burned off et,ery year, now, 85 per cent olthe company's but if current experiments '. :uccessful, the waste may in.future be resources and revenues will still contterted into fuel pellets be lrom the oil business.' O \",t'; :, ,:, ,:- \": li r 'lt :r ;,,. ,,.,.. ,r, t, .Every time we see that smoking trash, we What a waste!' The tshpienakke-r is Bruce Wilson. field superintendent for the Philippine Packing Corporation at the vast Del Monte pineapple planlation on the island of Mindanao. 'Trash' is their word for the pineapple leaves and stems which are currently burned off after harvesting. And it is this trash which is the subject ola fascinat- ing experimental project with the aim of producing pellets of fuel. The scherne involves Shell people and others as far apart as Austra- lia. the UK and the Netherlands as well as in the Philippines itself. The pellets, looking rather like hard thin cigarette ends, and smelling slightly vinegary, can be used as a substitute lor luel oil, particula;ly valuable for a country whele oil imports regularly produce a big foreign exchange problem. The idea began to take root so the story goes when chief executive Cesar Buenaventura was visiting an o1d lriend at the Del Monte plantation to play golf on their beautilully sited course. Alter the game he was driven around some olthe huge acreage ol pineapple and saw the waste burning. An idea was sparked. He and his colleagues had already been examining posri- bilities for biomass, including sugar and forestry, with the help ol a Shell biomass team. Pine- apples had never before been considered. Yet there, on these plantations on a plateau 2000 feet above sea leve1. were I 5.000 16,000 ha planted solely with pineapple. and with substantial amounts ol waste. At the moment, some 200,000 t ol pineapple waste are being burned olf every year in what is the largest pineapple plantation in the wor1d.' For hectare upon hectare, as lar as the eye can see, are row upon row of pineapple plants. Over rolling hills and dead flat plains, they grow in their thousands. The spiky plants in their straight lines fade into the distance in an essay in perspec- )

tive, with mountains as their afternoon, part of a climate that impressive backdrop. suits these spiky fruits, their design almost a quirk of nature. To plant, nurture and pick them involves more than 12,000 Bob Moran says the team is people; yet in that great land- thinking in terms of harvesting 1000 t a day, which would mean scape human flgures seem small and lonely. There is an impres- five machines. Working closely sion that it would be all too easy with him is the Packing Corpora- to get lost-driving 20km out tion's Bruce Wilson, an expert on west, or 30 km out east, to the farm machinery. Yes; he has confldence in the different fields. It takes 18 months for a plant project too. He has been spending to produce its flrst pineapple, and some 40 per cent of his time on it, a further year for the second. assessing records, the speed with After that comes burning and the which the harvester moves down start of the cycle once more. a row, the rate at which it cuts The concept of using this waste the material and so on. has now been the subject of The burning capacity of the careful study by different groups pellets is currently being tested, of experts in the UK, the Nether- and the team has been successful lands and the Philippines. It in aghieving low moisture con- tent, resulting in pellets of pine- involves how the pineapple waste apple waste with a heat content of 8000 Btu/lb. A flrst commercial- should be harvested, then de- scale pelletisation plant is under hydrated and pelletised, so that the pellets can be used in a nearby design. But Lito Mata sees that as canning factory. displacing fuel just a beginning. oil for the boilers. There were tests by the Shell Amsterdam For Bob Moran, working there laboratories to ensure that the is strangely enough like coming pineapple wastes could be densi- home, for he grew up on this fied, with burning qualities plantation where his father is comparable to those of conven- manager. He never dreamt, how- tional solid fuels. ever, when he joined Pilipinas Lito Mata, head of the newly Shell, that he would ever get back formed Shell Energy Develop- to pineapples. ment Enterprises, says enthusias- In the Del Monte guest house tically that the scheme is regarded on the plantation you cannot get as a 'platform'-type project from away from the pineapples theme. which they can move on to others. The candles are in pineapple- shaped holders, the cushions A prototype harvester is now under development and every- embroidered with pineapples, the thing is keyed into these trials. beef-locally produced-is from By the end of the year, final cattle fed on a diet of pineapple decisions will be made. Already bids have been invited for the pulp and peelings. And, of course, there is pineapple juice to pelletisation plant-designed by drink and pineapple slices to eat. Shell engineers in The Hague. Over lunch Bob Moran is offered fruit salad. 'Yes,'he says, Work on patents is also going on 'but without pineapple.' That's the problem, when you see it all in The Hague. Decisions have now to be taken by the Philippine Packing Co1- around you. poration for, if the project goes ahead, it will mean changing its Fresh pineapples from the existing boiler system at the plantation are exported to Japan bought some land and started rice thresher specially designed and the Middle East, but most of canning factory. the fruits are canned in a factory growing rice as an outside interest for small farmers by the institute. The harvester is being de- at Cagayan de Oro on the coast and activity, with the additional He has two rice crops a year. angle that he wanted to try for Last year a typhoon struck just veloped by an Australian group, and shipped largely to Europe himself some of the pesticides and the key point is that the and the US. before he was about to harvest, machine should be able to When you next buy a can of maintain a steady supply from Del Monte pineapple sliced, coming on to the market. and the grain got wet. Both quality and price drop with wet fields to lactory-keeping run- -cthruasitthtehidse, chunked or 'tidbitted' It has been a piece of interest- an intriguing thought rice. This year the rains came late, ning all day, non-stop. ing personal diversification. His waste and leaves from farm is some two hours' and came with a typhoon, but the They began these harvesting from the city. He visits ditrivaet trials last April. On the day of that fruit might well have been rice was not harmed. weekends to supervise the work, Shell World's visit, the harvester pelletised and used for fuel. Typhoons can do strange was at work in a 350 acre field If it is proved to be commer- most of which is contracted out. things and even, curiously, affect cially feasible, the pineapple beyond a deep canyon, several Appropriately, he comes from chemicals advertising. The most kilometres from the main office. densiflcation plant will be the first a farming background and cheer- familiar Shell pesticide for use on Cutting was in progress for a 100 t of its kind in the world. And if the fully admits to being instinctively rice is Azodrin, which has been optimists are right, wood and marketed in the Philippines for load of waste to be sent by boat a farmer. His university degree is for pressing trials at a sugar mill, even coconut could fol1ow along in plant pathology. Has he green some 15 years. The name appears on huge billboards beside 33 h away by sea. Only 40 per cent this path in the Philippines. O fingers? He claims he has for food the production, but not for flowers. roads. But if a typhoon is in- of the waste is cut-leaving the And he regards this very much as dicated (weather reports are rest to keep the soil fertile. FIRS}HAND followed very closely), a portion a business exercise. I For Bob Moran, the Shell of the billboard is removed so i 'You get out of your land -t project development engineer at whatever you put into it,' he says. that the wind goes through rather { the plantation -dayancadn enthusiast-the another EXPERITNCE He sells everything he grows and than blowing the whole board I start at When agrochemicals manager says the way to make money with down. So it is possible to pass ! 4.30 am, preparing the schedule Rene Capinpin accompanied an advertisement with the mys- his rice is to get flve metric tonnes ,i for the harvester. The Philippine Shell World on a visit to the terious name of zodrin-minus a hectare. The seed he uses is t Packing Corporation superviser prestigious International Rice developed by the nearby lnter- the initial 'A'._ comes in to discuss it at 5.30 and Research Instilute in Laguna in l gets the crew into the fields by national Rice Research Institute But most of the advertising is the Philippines, he asked some ; 6 am. The harvester runs until - -IR36 a highly successful unaffected by the weather, It 3-4 pm in the afternoon. Then it searching questions from the is mainly on the radio, with fi business point of view of a rice seed introduced in the 1970s to personalities well known to I is time for tFheorpaitperrawionrsk-eavnedry farmer. For a few years ago he give stable perlormance and to be I I the rain. resistant to disease. He also uses a farmers. Today, Rene Capinpin 6 .lanuarv 1983 S.}{ELL WORLD

, +a\",1,:e?-..:, :, \" .-qfr*,gt*.t\"iSs-- a-- .'l*. .:.6-._-.. .- 1 s-lJ\"ii*i.l;;l-* ,'',.,.nr\\\\huenI hhdeaessrsejtoaliannrdemdmertohsreeairdreriraerncektalsyctojinungsa.t nomists frorn Shell Chemicals. farmers, and help from govern- day to complete this reliigerated who are the leaders in the agro- ment technicians. .:are-time basis. chemicals market in the Philip- liquefled petroleum gas terminal The programme involves many On working days he is entirely pines a country which lor by July 18 this year exactly. kinds ol seeds. but lor the ::r olved in the marketing of many years to come will dePend The terminal will be able to ,,_:rochemicals, many of them lor first time is to include this hybrid on agriculture. process more than 500,000 metric : ,'e. rvhich is the country's largest Among Shell Chemicals' latest corn known as Pioneer 6181 tonnes oILPG a year and supply .;'..p by far. plus two other varieties of other Asian countries as well as O actir ities has been the intro- duction ol imported vegetable imported corn. Rene Capinpin. the hon-re malket. : E.,,-:..'.1 fi jir,-,\",\"._\"r.iir,,\"-\"1 seeds from well-selected US Shell Chemicals agrochemical manager. sees the hybrid corn as It will be the filst relrigerated :+-.\"f*.'\": I parents, to improve harvests. It is a big lactor in the success of the LPG complex in the rsraN government's programme to :,:' lEli+ i'\"'\"\"-l the only chemical company doing region. One of the tanks will store achieve self sufficiency. O plopane! the other butane, and 4 this, and imports inciude the they will be kept at a sufflciently :, .. .\": seeds olcabbage. lettuce. onions. lou lemperirlu|c to maintain carrots and melons. The com- i :.. ; i.. ..r J;r: r ;u ir ',tj ia.,-.,, ;, them as liquids. pany sees this business expanding i-i,,' ii ii', -.::,rretorlocyucnlegisaagrfoanmoimliaisrt on his as the areas growing vegetables To get an idea ol the size of to :,..,ir : ..!iJ a-!..r: i.3ti sight are enlarged. these 45,000m3 tanks, they say .::rerS in one small area in the Most recent activity in this fie1d Two giant tanks rise up starkly in :' :.,ippines. He talks to them in you can fit hall a lootball field has been to introduce a new the beautilul Bay of Batangas, into each. There is to be a huge : 'Tagalog' language, and his with it' backdrop ol mountains :r is that larmers will regard variety ofhybrid corn that yields and diamatic skies. They are empty area around the complex 5 7 tonnes a hectare. This is more being built on what was once a ::r as a flriend, as well as adviser. than five times the normal harvest paddy field on raised ground- - called 'a sterile zone' and for C,rndido Asuncion has been in in the country. above flood level. salety reasons the lence is 400 m Up to now the Philippines have First. a hill had to be removed . trb lor three years, working in from the tank site. needed to import some 200,000 t to provide the soil, and the design Designed by SIPM, the plant is ' : :rrea of Oriental Mindoro. He of corn a year, used mainly for ol the loundations had to take being built under the most strin- ,. been involved in advising feed for livestock. and the into account the lact that il is an ' ::::re rS on the use ol Shell government has initiated a earthquake zone. A Japanese gent salety standards. :':.,:ridc1idrnegsnaewndsemedosr.e recently on 'Maisagana' programme (mean- constluction company is working Around the plant there may He is one of a number ol agro- well be grazing goats and other ing a bountiful harvest ofcorn) to under floodlight by night ar.rd animals. Raucous turkeys are increase corn production. This already a lamiliar sight at the involves giving credit to small adjoining Tabangao rehnerY. . . . Is any relinery anywhere sited in such a delectable place? -:f LL \\\\ORLD./,nuart 1931

Reflnery manager Tony Head next to the already existing Shell fitpino-tictrniciins as well as tion,thecomqanydecided.totake Tabangao Reflnery in Batangas, thinks, on balance, that possibly some iunior stafl are currentlY advantage ol being part of' a Thailand's might win by a short the Philippines. worki\"ng in Shell companies multinational by. olleringlrained head. But that is hard to credit. n*ri.ui in a novel iob rotation and experienced technicians to The site had almost -411 the s--cheme. other Group comPanies. As you drive past sugar and requirements- accessible power ilnedthtoe ninowddifefelirbeenr-t from the reflnery, an existing One factor which has To do this' they banana plantations and endless reflnery jetty and enough space this is the 'ski11s' drain ately over-recruit coconut palms, the concePt of Philippines. More than 450,000 disciplines. It is an arrangement to accommodate the two-tank inf itlpirio, are currently working quite separate lrom more senior a refinery nearby seems quite terminal. But one factor Pre- 'career' expatriate appointments' in the Middle East and anothei Currently, there are five Pili- remote. sented a most delicate and Poten- +OO,OOO eollsethwehecroeu, nptrryo'svidbinigg[est pinas l-opueroopnleth-we ograksinpglanint When you turn down towards tial1y serious problem: one small Brunei Shell lact one and the small Shell sign, on the lelt is coastal village of about 180 sources of, tbreign exchange. families, and part of another T-hSthuahheeAverle1ynnobe-oieteltoedhchn,eroaftrorvm.e.ertfpcanbfarecreonwuetmoineitrt-haweshimn-hdaiknois.icncnlglgbul'tdethohienenegny in Sarawak-mainly meclanics part of a nine-hole goll course village, straddled the planned in this job rotation scheme' bordered by ipil ipil trees, firs and lacility and the proposed 'sterile coconut palms, and on the right The flrst three instrument tech- the refinery itsellcomes into vier.r. zone' around the terminal. iticians to go to Brunei were due back at the end of last year and Stalf lrom the refinery will That was tn 1979. Two years run the LPG plant, which will later, ground-breaking cere- will be replaced by three others. monies were flnal1y held at the rperocvriudietminecnetnintivPeiilipanindaosSphpeolrl,-tocruRitamuel nMt iaransdotlr-aPineirnsgonmnaenlagreer- need a total of ten operators, as FoiufranPthnietecriseiscosconolmnoepprlsaovtnianiytetl'ssfapaonig6udestihbdtheeuanlpltlggAFeeirilr.iiis-d -aOvnmidsaiwtneadsantbhdoetnhSdareuugediiotnAosrgalaobs.itoanye(taionr well as the terminal manager and site, with a lul1-blown community relocation project under way. relationtothe.newrefinery)toget superintendent. They will also oinos are'a travel prone nation' reactions and an indication of p-roTghraemymeeairts1o9p8e1ramtioanrsk. ed the What is now called the Mali- with a larse supplv of English- what their staffing needs might tam Village Relocation Program start ofconstruction on behalfof ln a country where industrial LPG requirements while serving Shell Gas Philippines and the has entered its third year and expansion has often led to the middle of this year should see it Shell executives and social as an export terminal lor South workers are still involved in diilocation ol rural comm unities, in its role ol strategic loading cultural uprootment and ensuing East Asia. For Shell, the terminal and unloading point ol LPG community development efforts, would provide additional storage misery, there could be no way ol lor a number of multinationals. despite the aleady successful undeiestimaring the probl-em. for the increasing LPG market Similar relocation efforts in the Supplies lo other Asian countries physical relocation operation and Philippines had ended in con- throughout the region. will enable the Philippines to earn The government had granted ihe huge steel storage tanks troversy and even bloodshed. vital dollars lrom exports. O Shell Gas Philippines Inc nearing completion. But ihe rationale ol the termi- I t{^:r+' Negotiations for the purchase nal project was closely interlinked 'pioneer' status and accompanY- r'*_-i,rrL; olthe land from the villagers were with the development needs of the ing incentives. Tbe chosen site conducted with the help ol Shell Philippines. The terminal could :-' '; , -, ; \" staff who fell back on a basis ol was, in fact, reclassifled as a trust and friendship built up over evenlually help to meet the When plans to build the flrst special 'export processing zone' refrigerated LPG comPlex in the years between themselves and anticipated increase in domestic anrl could technicallv have been South East Asia were being the community. expropriated by 1aw.\" made, many planners shook their A negotiating team including Pilipinas Shell president, Cesar heads at how 'nearly perfect' Antonio Pastor, a respected would be a 100ha coastal site Batangas lawyer, Cesar Singson, the refinery administration manager, and Diosdado Men- diola, corporate affairs manager ol Pilipinas Shel1, initiated the flrst contact with the villagers. 8 J anuar y I 98 3 SHELL WORLD

ffiffi*-LffiYTffiffiTffiffi$il*fiffiT$ 'Shell is me' say the red letters on the back of events as a three-legged race or a banana eating the white teeshirt. The neighbouring teeshirt contest? Has any former lubricants packing exclaims 'And I'm proud of it'. Dottid about store reverberated to the beat of a three-man the crowd of dedicated teeshirt wearers are pop group who, incidentally, included in their act the catchy'Zoom Zoom SuperShell' theme such slogans as 'Stop, shop with Shell' and, on song of the year? less youthful backs, 'The best 25 years of my life with Shell'. It all started in hot sunshine on a Sunday However different the teeshirt slogans, the morning in July, with a cheerful brass band, white cotton hats are all marked with the words crisp in white uniforms. Fans and hats fluttered 'Shell Day 82'. The shirts, hats and their everywhere as people strove to keep cool. It wearers had assembled in part of the biggest Shell installation in the Philippines, with red finished with a heavy rainstorm, pelting down and yellow bunting overhead and the white oil on the Shell'shops' and the refreshment stalls. tanks as their backdrop. But no one was really bothered by the The occasion was the first 'Shell dav' for weather. They were having a whale of a time. 'This year, we have a lot to be proud of,' their people working with every Shell compdnyin president Cesar Buenaventura told them. And the PShhileipllpiinnest.hTehePyhwilieprepicneelesbarantidngth8e5 years he announced that every July 18 in future 20th of would be designated'Shell Day'. The response anniversary of the refinery. was what you might expect from this ebullient crowd-a thunder of cheers and clapping. O Has any installation before witnessed such be. The receiving company, incidentally, ig charged the equivalent of about one and a half years' salary. In surveying the type ofskills ofinterest, they have found that Shell Day '82 in the Philippines and the the need is largely for instru- pop groups, teeshirts and slogans came mentation engineers, mechanics out to play . . . and electrical experts. school-house. The villagers, on located about 15 minutes away my own marble floor,' he told along the river, was not until 'Ever since twe started the October of that year. visiting mediamen. He also rheme, hardlyanyone has been the other hand, said they were recruited away from us,' says Before this, the'task force' of born and raised as flshermen and about ten villagers, elected by the showed them his new television community, made numerous Aris Francisco. Previously, Pili-l could not live far from the coast. trips to the new site. It wasjust a set with pride. footbridge away from a market, flnas Shell feople in these cate- They were concerned about the so they suggested that women It would seem important that gories had no hope of overseas could earn extra money there by now they see loss of their coconut trees which directly selling their husband's the 'task force' should now be to go abroad, had matured and borne fruit. -nrice; oppor- flshFcoautcrh.of the 180 families transformed into a permanent earn a Over the years they had depended runities refused up to the last minute to village leadership body. but per- sell their homes, bargaining for good income, have the family on the refinery for potable water. higher market prices. They finally haps because the 'emergency' sith them and'continue with The community's expressed gave in, after the rest of the seems past, fewer are willing to their pension arrangements and need to be near the coast or river community had moved. give.time attending meetings and the benefit ofjob security. It has became a major consideration in But this was not the end of the serunars. given a big boost to moiale. finding a rSelhocealltiopnaisditef.oSrubtshee- relocation. Adjustment problems The bayanihar spirit, or the 'We could have as manV as 50 practice of community coopera- quently, were many. Simple things-for or more working overseas out instance, the water pipes did tion, seen during the actual coconut trees, and water wells moving operations, will hope- of a workforce of almost 1000 in were assured. But it was not just not work well. More important, flshermen were suddenly in fully remain for the future. But the next few years,i says Cesar a matter of making a favourable possession of large amounts of Buenaventura.'Other com- cash from the sale of their houses pfoarniseksillwedillpweanotptolgco.'me financial offer. Social workers Shell's present problem would and a change of lifestyle was seem to be how to detach itself to us noted that many still refused to O inevitable. accept, simply because they had fvriollmagtehersv' ilclaognefiadnednpcreominotethtehier Buenaventura, ruled out the A fulltime social worker hired become so used to their village by Shell worked overtime trying possibility of forcible expropria- that they could envisage no other. to convince villagers to invest independent development. After tion in line with public alfairs Change seemed mysterious and their money wisely. all that has transpired, the people policies, however. 'Trust seemed full of unseen problems. Village Captain Marasigan, for naturally still run to the company to be the key,' says Buenaven- example, immediately built him- rura. 'We sought out the com- It took time to get at least a few self a marble floor. 'Never in my with every problem. rnunity leaders and they finally respected community leaders to life did I believe I could step on Recently, Shell extended the listened to what we had to offer, oacffceerptmoorreatsleeraiosut scloyn. sAide'rtathske services of a social worker under q'hile we listened to their fears force' was formed to choose a the Philippine Business for Social and apprehensions.' new village site and make all Progress Inc, a foundation of Shell offered to buy the vil- relocation arrangements. which it is a founding member, to continue to monitor the new lagers'houses and lots, and at the The originally scheduled time Malitam Community. PBSP is same time, provide them with an alternative community site com- for moving the houses to the new pithnreivsoaontceliyablfouduseninvdeeaslotsiopmnmeencnrettaoitnedhethblpey site was delayed from October plete with basic facilities and a 1980 to April 1981 and the formal turnover of the new community, Philippines. o SHf,LL WORLD./anuarl I 983 9

THE ARENA OF NATURAL FORCES /Aannoyt sport that challenges the Llements is without risk. Sailing is of them. To one take a boat toknsoewa,leodr g\"er\"toitfosseaaiml inanasnhieps,tuaanryd,, requires a although opportunities abound today for rapidly acquiring the basic skills, too many novices happily embark in ignorance. ln the early days, before the postwar boating boom, you had to teach yourself-or if you were lucky enough to have a friend with a boat, you w learned a little faster by crewing for him. Nowadays, the sailing school will teath you the basic principles in a five or ten day course of practical instruction and you can qualify for one of the Royal Yachting Association's Certificates of Competence. ln the last two or three decades sailing has become the sport and pastime of an increasing mass of enthusiasts all over the world. The introduction of glassfibre in the early Sixties supplied a demand for less expensive, rapidly produced craft with the minimum of mainten- ance. lnstead of the individual craftsman-built boat that grew slowly in the boatyard shed, factories {ar away from any stretch of water sprang up to turn out a variety of glassfibre craft of all types and sizes, from dinghies and trailer boats to family cruisers and ocean-racers. Even so, there are still many traditional wooden boats afloat and in demand. Individual wooden boats continue to be built, and no other 3o material can really replace Burma teak, African U iroko, English oak or Scottish larch. Some of the z well-maintained boats built 60 and more years ago are testaments to the quality and character of wood, and modern materials are unlikely to o grow old so gracefully or remain so seaworthy. -oF But whatever type of boat you sail and sea and the weather. Beginning with wave final chapters discusses in detail some of the wherever the location, you need to have the formation, its cause and effect, as well as more elementary aspects that tend to 8et competence (and confidence) to handle her. If neglected, including handling ropes, compass practical insJruction is available, then that is the dimensions of different types of wave, he goes on best way to start. But to back this up, or as a to discuss tides and currents and the effect these error, coping with traffic and routines in harbour. prelude to it, some idea of the theory will speed have on the behaviour of the sea under various The word 'seamanship' is capable of various your progress. Scores of books on the subject conditions in shoal and deep water. interpretations, ranging from manual skills to the have been written for the beginner as well as the Here, the marked difference between the whole spectrum of knowledge and ability that experienced sailor, and you are sure to find one wave patterns in deep and shallow waters in the seafarer must use in the management of ship to suit your own particular needs. rough weather is emphasised-the long high and crew, but it is defined by the author as 'the Many of these books cover similar ground, but waves of the deeps which a boat can ride ability to achieve one's objective on the sea'. His one that presents a different approach to the comfortably and the steep, breaking waves over book, well illustrated with a number of practical subject is Ihe She// Book ol Seamanshrp by John shoals which cause violent motion-a condition photographs and diagrams, will steer the Russell (David & Charles f5.95). definitely to be avoided if possible. amateur sailor successfully towards that ability. Mr Russell is a practical yachtsman with a long Obviously, weather Bwoavyernthsacnonodnitiolansndafalonadt All the photographs were specially taken experience of supervising Royal Yachting Asso- in a more dramatic under John Russell's supervision-except the constantly commands the attention of the jacket picture which illustrates the deck of a ciation Yachtmaster Courses, and he begins seaman. The author takes us through various large yacht well under way with an untidy heap by explaining that his first reaction to the suggestion that he should add to the collection weather patterns, explaining how they form, and of rope in the scuppers. of books on the subject was to ask: why? suggesting how official forecasts can be in- A note on the back flap explains that the author drew the publisher's attention to this 'Why, when we already have the wisdom of terpreted as they affect local conditions. He also Worth,' he writes, 'the wide experience and provides examples of wind speeds and the speed unseamanlike'snorrel' of rope on deck, and it is meticulous thoroughness of Hiscock, to name of a vessel on different points of sailing. amusing not to say ironic, to see how coyly the only two distinguished authors who have dealt Mr Russell has some direct and important publishers excuse this: 'Doubtless one of the with the subject, should I imagine that anything I things to say about the crew and their crew was about to coil it tidily, but in any event it could add would be useful?' contributions to the running of an efficient ship, is hoped that reading this book will help to After due consideration and a few hundred describing the functions of each in turn from the eliminate such uncomely sights!' words later, he goes on to explain that his aim is deckhand to the skipper. He presents a number No doubr ir will. O not a new manual or textbook, but rather a of examples of the different types of exercise and commentary that will help the amateur to make drills the amateur sailor will encounter. Essen- good use of existing books and the admirable tially, it is team-work combined with physical To order this book . . . those outside the UK should contact their Personnel/Admin. unit, who can place a bulk order direct instruction that is now so widely available. well-being which is paramount to the working of with UASC/325 (Acquisitions Uni0, London. ln Shell Centre And this, in a lucid style, he accomplishes. any seagoing boat. or Shell-Mex House, London, contact your staff Shop. ln UK ln the first part of the book he deals with the He expresses some pointed remarks about locations outside London, Personnel/Admin. should contact the Staff Shop, Shell-Mex House (UASDS/13). stage setting, the arena of natural forces-the what is termed 'sa{ety equipment', and in the Januart 1983 S}ILLL WORLD

THE TAZERKA VENTURE HAS PROVED THAT OIL CAN BE DEVELOPED FROM A SMALL RESERVOIR IN DEEP WATER WITH A LOW-COST SYSTEM.IT IS THE CLIMAX OF SOME THREE YEARS' INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY IN TUNISIA AND THE HAGUE, INVOLVING CONSTRUCTION AND ASSEMBLY ON TEN SITES IN SIX COUNTRIES. WRITER: VERNON LEONARD fIo' dyaeayrs.. and lor the next few rarefled world of underwater oil John Carter, head of the iEn&theP blue Mediter- Tazerka project team the deep recovery, this Tazerka operation ranean waters 56 km off Tunisia has taken a signiflcant step-not iNnethTeurlnanisdisa since 1979 and now only forward, but also in deeper Tunirex are attracting a new kind of as Shell attention. Not from the plane production manager, sums it up: water and towards a more econo- loads of tourists who flock to the mical system for offshore fields. 'Tazerka has been a venture ctoounthtrey'smeyatshtoclooagsitcabel aischlaens danodf deIltiviseprirnogdudciinreg,ctprtoocesMsiengditaenrd- which has cost $190 million, and Djerba. But from oilmen and without pipe- I'm glad we've been able to tackle it. It's a system for now and the ranean -tankers platform-oil future. We should be able to technicians worldwide. line to shore, or Their focus is on the first from four different subsea wells example of a multiwell Single transplant the whole installation whose total production would be Anchor Leg System (SALS) to go Ito another site when this reservoir too small, in water depths too into production. is unworkable. think it's an great, to justify recovery by investment which will pay ofL' To the layman it looks like a conventional methods. Down there, as you approach huge and brightly painted tanker by helicopter, the exposed bulk of It is the climax of some three attached by red and yellow tubes years' innovative activity in the 'venture' moves gently on a and pipes to something sticking Tunisia and The Hague, involv- benign-looking Mediterranean out of the water. ing construction and assembly on Sea. This is the former 210,000 But even to experts the ten different sites in six countries. ton tanker Murex, built in 1968 Now with a helideck and a unique swivel and manifold system on her bows, the former tanker Mtrex has been transformed . . . SHELL WORLD \"/araarv 198J

an(l oncc parl ol the French lacilities including all necessitrl' such ls tl'rose olf Tunisia be October tlhloantr)'tehacr got thc qo-uheed Shell ffeet. bul norv renamed and controls. ,1.'1.11,pr'tl. itlc.rtpot'atittg lrtt Ttrni'ian enornrousll uore cotnpliclLted I.,r.,nmetll. Thc studl \\\\ls thell converted into the Floating On top of tlte nlrrnrltrltl arc off'iTcihaelll designated a ploject. sir i itlrl sll ir els, lrll opcrrttitrg srvivel svstcm and tnanilolcl at the Production and Storage Unit independently so that. in lay ton'Botl ti're li:cr'l ider,rl'trsing a riser t'-FPsfSr.U\"'ot rT\"tr,:r,.rlc;rat.n pitch and roll ternr.: again, the leed PiPes do not l0-.1. \\Lre h ir s\\\\ ir el sr stetn iltlacited b1 lr trrtiretsll.i.rint to rr lrrrsc \\\\eic.hted hlL:c tlJr llol lle\\\\. with the rvaves (irnd they come 1ar get mix;d up. The key word is hirrl 6ecn Jerelopc.l at lhc |cLltlest bui the o] oblcnrs uere hou anJ ol SIPM b-v.- Single Buol' Moor'- uhete to irt.trrll Lhc hr.c ritd riret' fiercer irr li,intei than tlie sumrner multiw'ell. John Carter exPlains: inss ISBV ) .ln(l a lcallr \\\\ lli sel un 'The aim rvhen we started in to'e.rrl.lbiue ir u ith rr SA LS rr stctn torrrist' nriuht irnrtqine). She can that critical summer 3i Years ago in such depths. Fortunatcly, thele ,,i-o n,.ot' inderinitely through lvas to find a cheaper sYstem of 360 deglecs, apnrodtriYrdeintgretmipaionl 1or oflshorc Tr-rnisia. rvas a tshre-ryitacboluelcul nbdeePrslaecaedh.il.l on developing a smail reservoit'in a leasibilitY ;i1;.h\"fi.;;i,e 'We started on whicl.r . a submerged 140 n.r riser . . . so lar deepisl.r water in thc Mediter- studv 1bl the Birsa held r'r'ith a 'Exhaustir,e soil sut'veys were little cliflt-erent in principle lton.r made, culminating. at the end ol ranian -' and a sl'stem which team ol onl1'sir, including 198 I . irr a frnely detailed survey of Maline personnel. and these six other FPSUs. mir:rfhhtelrlrer c l.rn 'qh' elccrtnn bctlefits. have remained as the corc ol the the chosen stte, using a two-man Brrt thc IrrLrltiplicitr ol' opera- hl,-l .irrg.lc-riell much lalgcr ploject tealr. But ilt submetsible.' tions bcing handled bY the riser subsea developt'tlcnts belore. At peak the Project team had criiothn.elSihrcr lln'sro((litrlc\\ttcioll(tlrnoprrpo.ritc'nutill.lrlI-l' aborLt thc stltre time we began. and the conr.recting nranilblcl is the lirst Tazerka r,vell w'as drilled increaied lrom six to 60 and the what rnakcs thc Tazelka oPeru- tion unique to date. For the 5 m Spirin rrus tlte mother and tathel' ar.rd irtrnreditrtelv this field begatr Tazerka 1-rardware was being made or assembled tn Yards and erisisehrtcsacnatsteuipepdlywoeilllsl'riol mneuePdedto' oithenr rrll. Thit \\\\a\\ the lir'\\l stef to look t-nore inieresting. though the US to JaPan. rrlous tlte S \\ LS r,rrrd. plor ing it lac'tTohrieeshlerorrrLn sYStem.'as ir.r deepel water anything lion't of thc Iniide its 2m diameter inner well *as iirhle. attd rttt ltltet'tlatir e t,' ,1n40',ButorvgoJv.aeorn,'r2u-0,ap0rimevt.e1l9y8i0nul'acvohauct'l John Cartet' puts it, the swivel the rnuch more cosll1' conven- there is still sulllcient space 1-o assemblv and manilold chamber, p'liipiti.nglnldorterisatitnegr' was put together zrt La SPezia in accollrmo(lilte tir)1rir1 Dli-rtforl11. o1' Tazerka ovet' Birstr and in irrjectiorr. gas 'Brrt'hou corLld mLrltiriell riel.ls ,:,, iji :.. I . -.r1. i*-'lrd,};;- * *; ir, : \"i-lifiF,vl, :: r',?4:1,,.i' :.:;s .,*q\".f.*a'r{-hy*k-*- '.,:'i::r;r: * tB ..,;:'Li'.ar#!:t'r .\"i.;{l:'i :l' I {'*'n'--$. t't\" I

:: flir; :xx., lr ttl i t- tr,: r I r.rirtr.:::i:1,[dl:]:r : I i :l New.focus for oilmen; 56 km of[slrcre Tunisia. u'lpn the FPSLI TazerLa t40t toted lrnnt La Ciotut und connected to its taiting riser :h:;jrfl*: ,-il::+,i ..- -i;i.'.*,;

A i:5|.l,\"1'ti',,il^tfl l,i'.# panies' headquarters in Tunis, giving a smile to everyone at the beginning olthe dal's work and a hand outstretched in welcome. This is 72-year-old Salah Marniche, known to everybodY in the building since it opened in the early 1930s. He has probablY the best-known face in the historY ol Shell in Tunisia, lor he has worked with the Group there lor no fewer than 53 years on either a stalf or contract basis. Now night guard. he lives in a sneciallv converted flat at the bick olihe headquarters building on the Place de l'Afrique. And each morning he refuses to flnish duty and reiurn 10 his comlY lirtle home. with its kitchen and oortable TV and his files ol documents and photograPhs. until he has seen the rest of the stalf salely 'tucked awaY' lor the day in their offlces. Salah Marniche started in 1929 with the Soci6t6 Franco- Asiatique. as it then was. as a telephone operator in the com- The riser wus lov ed tertit:allr-.from 14Lrlru r,, Ttrni.'ia. ro7 lefr ' Tlte t asting ol.tltt unircrsal joinl tonnecting ri.scr lo hLt\\e. t,f righr. alonc teiphed B0 ton,. the t'onircctlng pins about ten tot'LS each. Inside the riser's inner tell thqge v'as still enough spuce in v'hich to work, le ft. M e anv' hile, Tuni si art gr a.duate s vere being truined i.n the oi I protlut tion business Italy. All major castings came Tuzerko (flagless now, no longer development. he explains, is that a tanker. ar-rd minus a tail shalt the lield was discovered by Shell lwroemlls.Jainpcalund-einqguitphme e'Cnht rfiostrrltahse and rudder) was towed out to Tunirex operating ajoint venture trees'. lrom the US. In France. Tunisian waters w:ith her newlY with AGIP of Italy in the Ham- Ror-ren supplied the flowlines, acquired yoke and manifold Dunkilk tl.re riser. Avalon the chamber resplendent in red and TmaazmeertkGurapnadrtFnoenrsdshiPpernmoitw. Tihne- main bearings, and Bordeaux vellow print. The nert month, volves operator Shett Tunirex some ol the modules. ltmecihdni.coaml etrijutrmstpifiha,hliet leeling ol was con- 140 per cent ). AGIP t40 Per cent) Groningen in the Netherlands and'the governmental EnterPrise nected to the riser. and was in Tunisienne d'Activities Petro- constructed the flow stations production in earli December. lieres, ETAP (20 per cent). module, and assembly work was Oil ploduction from the 'The Tazerka concept is revo- Tazerka{ield's lirst lour wells will cal:ried out ir-r Rotterdam and lulionary.' he sa1s.'The equiP- Breda. When the massire riset' soon average 1 0.000 barrels a daY ment is planned to be reusable. was towed from Dunkirk to to move on elsewhere when this Malta last sumrler'. attached to liom the estimated recoverable the base built there. and then reserves of ten million barrels. It iob is orer. The conrenlional will add about Per cent to towed on to Tunisia. the project Tunisia's total ten outPut, and approach olconstructing a fixed platlorm costs anything uP to literally began to take shape. oil some valuable revenue lor the 400 or 500 million dollars, or Meanwhile. there had been country at a time of great other and considerable re- even more.' domestic investment. shaping activlty at La Ciotat neiir John Carter. whose career 'What's more,' silys Gijs RuYs, with Shell companies over the Marseille. where the former past 18 years has ranged lrom lread of th'iet Shell companie: in Murex was undergoing a multi- Tunisia, The Hague to Houston, from million dollar conversion. This will be making a Australia to Nicaragua, lills in ir.rvolved adding a well control system to the tanker, a yoke to contribution to Tunisian emPloY- the linal comment: ment prospects, for we have also 'To make economies, we as a connect with the riser. a heli- copter deck and a ship-to-ship taken the first stePs in a new team have had to put all our eggs unloading lacility, plus the integration ol the nroce\\sillg manpower programme. Last -storwageell.s,emxpooorrtinteg,rmpriondaucl tiionnto, summer, seven graduates were one basket, the FPSU/SALS. modules built elsewhere. Much placed by us on a Tunisian oil- lime was spent. too. in ensuling production training course aI Success. ol course. must dePend that the hull and tanks would Sfax. and have now joined to some e\\tent on the future price be sound for the lile of the Tuzerka ollshore to comPlete project for, unlike a tlading the unit. oloil, but il Tazerka Proves itself their lurther training on have a technically we will have a much ianker. lhe Tazerka cannot dock lower-cost system of Producing 81 1987 ue plan to oil which will not be at the for maintenance. Tunisian expalriute ratlo on expense of the environment.' O Last Octobel the stolage unit Tuzerka ol 30/4.' Background to the Tazerka t4 Januart l983 SHELL WORLD

pany's flrst offlces at 5 rue an interpreter in a mixture of such as grocers' shops, serving activities. Today it employs 2 5 litres at a time. J'Hollande. There were oniy flve French and Arabic. about220 staff, with another 500 For Shell had arrived in :(roms in total before the com- 'We were forced to do some- Tunisia in 1923-60 years ago working in retail outlets. Most :1iiny rented an extra floor, but thing different during those hard are Tunisian nationals and in :tiofl the technical services secl.ion times, so Shell bought a forest at ltrhoismyeMaral-ta.im'Wpoerttiongokkeorvoesirnea Shell Tunisie, the marketing com- ::ad spread to other accommoda- Khroumirie and started to pany, a1l activities are carried out :ion in the rue Portugal. It rvas produce gas from charcoal. We business operated by two men De by Tunisian stalf under manager .,bout that time, he says, that even went into rabbit and chicken Georgio and Azzopardi,' says Farid Aouidj. :r pists were flrst employed. farming on a big country estate at Ceorges Bugeia. who is living in Shell Tunisie's main business is When the new and impressive Sidi Abdelaziz in the north-west retirement in Marseille. in the saie of motor fuels and ..ffices in Place de I'Afrique were of Tunisia. The stalf could buy things lrom there and were very Georges, now 76, remembers lubricants, and chemicals such as ruilt in 1932133 he moved in detergents and pesticides lor the happy about it. well that very flrst day of the land and agricultural sectors. It :'rom Day One as lift-boy, then company, 60 years ago. 'It was has a retail network ol some 75 'At the head office we had .:ged 22. Subsequently he worked the first ol June, 1923, at exactly sales outlets, one of the largest in horses and carts. I remember two ::r the correspondence section. of the managers, M Gronier and 8 o'clock in the morning, and 20 the country. Various subsidiary M Cabrol, riding about in a coach l ith the cashier, as odd-job man with a white horse. The coach- of us were waiting outside 5 rue companies help to carry out the man was Hedi ben Amara. His arrr the general manager, as stock d'Hollande to set up the shop. work, including Butagaz, which son Majeri still works lor us in the :ilan. and later flled documents in 'In those times there were no is responsible for sales of LPG. :he archives section for ten years. supplies section.' Salah Marniche believes that working hours as such. Every- Establishing Shell company He olficially retired in 1964 body went non-stop. morning the company's first fully fledged and evening, until the job was business has meant large invest- .rlter 35 years' service but since petrol station was opened in ments in Tunisia, and, with the 1929, the year he joined, at Mont completely linished. :iren has worked on contract. Plaisir on the road to Sousse. But recent increase in exploration From the highlights of his long The first general manager, he and production work by Shell the flrst hand-operated petrol says, was John Evelyn Coates- ,-rreer with Shell in Tunisia, to Tunirex, spending has reached .ihich he is still enthusiastically pumps in Shell colours had in lact 'a giant man over 2 m tall who, in ,:edicated, he selects particularly appeared six years before, not record levels. In 1982, expendi- :he years ol World War II. only at Tunisian garages but also order to get into his sma11 Ford ture by Shell companies in outside small domestic outlets time had to 'The importation ol oil pro- -baendwoannddersqautetehzee Tunisia came to 42 million dinars, jrcts came to an end, and all and perlorm which was 30 per cent of ail rr cars and trucks were requisi- amaztng acrobatics.' investment by oil companies in . rned.' he says, speaking through From those pioneer days, Shell the country. O in Tunisia quickly widened its .... Gn EETINGS.... F80M,.. SALAH.... Salah Marniche with his 'good morning' sntile today, and as a lift-boy in the 1930s. Right, the early days ofaviation fuel in Tunisia, and a camel train oJ prori.sions reuc he' Khroumirie during wartime days of gas production .l i ,.i ; .HFI L WORLD./anuatr l93l

TREKTO THEI\\OFTH POLE,,PETERCLAWSON fIheplorlaemr oRuos a\\oldrwAemguianndseenx- Then came the slow, gruelling Sverdrup, of Norske Shellls pub' made more ol a mark in the battle against huge ice-columns, lic affairs team in Oslo; to lonk as the men lorced their way back on the Amundsen story. He barren wastes ol Antarctica than lorwards inches at a lime. Ex- found that Amundsen. son of a he did in the lrozen north. For hausted, they simply pitched ship owner. was no stranger to Amundsen, the man who beat tents at nightlall. Or occasion- the north polar regions. At rhe ally. with the temperalure now age of 31. having switched to Scot t olt he Antarctic to the South down lo built exploration lrom the sludy oI in which - 54' C, they igloos medicine, he became the first Pote in 1911, never succeeded in to sleep. reaching the North Pole on foot. ln fact. the first Norwegian 1o Another problem arose at one man to navigate the north-west conquer this supreme challenge of the campsites, when the ice passage around Alaska. ol the Arctic wi\\derness was 34- began splitting apart and the ln 1925, Amundsen set out to year-old Ragnar\\Thorseth. He team found themselves separated reach the North Pole bl air. ar rhe made his historic t'rek last spring from each other by ever-widening head ol an expedition-flying two ol water\" Thorseth re- -Amuinndstehne'scbeirnth{e. nary year ol cstarelltsc:h'elst was onlt after several Dorniers. This attempt lailed due Thorseth launched his to technical problems and bad hours that we managed [o find a weather. But. undaunted. the 5300,000 expedition lrom Elles- place where the ice met, so that we explorer made a second assault could all link up again.' on the North Pole the following mere Island. northern Canada. in year. aboard the airship Norge. March. along with two lellow Yet another near disaster Norwegians, Trygve Berge and occurred when the plane bringing On course from Spitzbergen to supplies to the expedition, a Twin Alaska, Amundsen, together Joern Eldar Fortun, and Ekaksak Otter, became deeply embedded with an halian pilot. Urnberto Amagoalik, an Alaskan Eskimo. in snow, necessitating a long Nobile, and a wealthy American Vehicles chosen lor the gruel- ling bid were three Bombardie delay lbr repairs. Engine lailure backer, Lincoln Ellsworth\" actu- Nordic snow-scooters. running with the snow-scooters became alll crossed the Norlh Pole in on luel supplied by Norske Shlll almost a part of the daity routine, * May 1926. Both r entures had (31km per litre each), and and one ofthese vehicles even had been luelled by Shell. sledges. But conditions in some of Roald Amundsen died in i928, the grimmest territory on earth to be exhumed lrom a watery were so bad that progress was when his plane crashed into grave beneath the ice. the sea when trying to locate Mid-April brought the flrst painlully slow. signs of spring and with it the Nobile, missing off Spitzbergen. problem ol melting ice. But alter More than hall a century larer. Olten. hacking their wa1 through ice-barriers up to 1 5 m in a flna1 parachute drop of luel and Ragnar Thorseth often re{iects on height, the team was slowed from provisions. made by a Norwegian his brave predecessors. a lively 100 km to less than 2 km a Air Force Hercules, the ex- He estimates that. of more than day. 'Many a time,' says Thor- pedition pushed on to reach its 100 expeditions to rhe North Pole goa1. Finally, on April 29, the undertaken in the last two cen- seth, 'it was pure chance that saved us lrom having to give up lour men slithered to a halt at the turies. lewer than ten have been successful. 'Most ol them didn't -beTahteerne by drilting ice.' North Pole almost two months even get half way,' he says. 'My was a setback even and 2000 km lrom base. belore the start. when the Eskimo Thorseth's victory,, widely goal was to show that the impos- of lhe Farty sulfered leted in Norway. prompted Carl member in both hands alter sible could be achieved.' O frostbite being attacked by Arctic wolves. But Amagoalik doggedly relused to give in'lo the intense pain and the expedition went ahead. In the early days, battling apegraaitnusrtesunoimf ag4in5abClewceoleldinltieamri-- abll the nolrn) lhe expedit jon was forced to a complete standstill lor two da5.s by lerocious storms. But then the weather cleared, and, within about a week of leaving Triwnphanl teaw: base at Eureka, they reached Tryglg Berge,.Ekaktak the northern end of Ellesmere Antagoalik,.Ragnat . Island. Here, at Yelverton Bay, 7'ha r sy,1 h qnd Joetn'E lda r Fsr'ii.ti\",.\",' ::.: . ::,: :.:.'::. ::, they left the firm even plains and headed due north into a wilder- ness ol endlessly drilting ice. *Thii subject is given further coverage in the third and uurrent - Shell Scene jnrernational video magazine 16 \"/onran 198.1 SHELL WORLD

I I i :,-,,i ',,.. I92}s.heio Roatd, A'miiri*eit, ( pictured obove, ,set ond from Left) with Linioln Elltwotrh snd. Umber'to Nabilg to hil lefl., ,: Far right: lQ25 poster rcmmemoroting Shell's a^tsociation with rhiir North Pole jight. Top plcture.r and '., ,'.,. ...'., :.. belbw: Thorsethts:,1982' expedition-'With Rngnar to rhe North Pole' .ruatrhed in Nurwegian in the Arctic,snow :HELL \\IORLD ldnaarii: l9Bj

il-i|r-':1-l :i;r7i:'is!i.erns tr !lheli (:-err.r-re r:n n'si--,;1n\".-.ie: Sel;-r'e i'r X\"at\"ri': (:i',:1 r- i i,r'r ..r i',:..: , ii.-.ii.rlrei' .t.: i:li;:il- l,-he1r;r,e Cr:t-ti\"l\". fia-c, 'was half tif a rli:r, i- r r :.r .-: :,::r.ir.ir'-;::lil Y l:.r,:.t.,10 rre;-\"s r:anll'i-rl:. iaiirie.- l:a.ve nrl.;r:ee . ii li:,;1.:iil -i l'n'' ir'-ir t:.r i.. -r. rt ,:::.tl.i( ;'- '[\" irlrroItiei il: ciae 5l'lell '1.:l t.'s: r ',1.-, d+s:5neri L:\" - ir Cecl] Bea\"ir:r-t' .ite tn'iiper-tir'l!i n:ural ir-l tle it-'lrer r--1'the haser,*lei-1i: li]i:l;1.1-'4. ,,. lr: j: -,.r: I , ,,,: . -:.t: ai:..-: afle!-:,i!\"1 eDir,ial!]/ EYrinti:Lln iiLrrd lit T'l-; '; ,-. - r E q\".- .1\"- l3'i:ri ) il-r ii: -: . ...a.lied i.i-r 'f it.i ,.:i:, t: r..,. p=;.i:1:i,-tr i:i.iia-'l'. lf it i:r ii\"ir'ri',r'i,:,-lFlni'eigar.tililr'c.r:<ir::rair:l)/ i6 t'il !:rv ! rn) ::,rlel l: i,he 'i Ir; r. i:'.:.::,..r'i ,:. iri-rr( -i,;,'-iir r-)-!a,r.E:t'1.1 \".tlgni i-ei-lr-'i-n]:lil\"5 [\"r ]. gLiui[-i ',i ):;i it:;[.lr-,1'.:. 1!i!. tr-e.-'i.t1r, ,1elp. reneurrle;i ir: Br'-1...1 ,r ,...rii:!=ronj511, y..,il1-:el', r:nilic and rjr,:signe;'iol' :he:l'ii::,'ri'i '. i.,.,r: iraii ir 'r , ..,t.,.. | !',':],. irir-i-,rr'rissi.ri-l€d ity S;i'{. al'liei he irael :,ri'L=)sirerl., !-)o',,y afled lr4 am,: livlrrg- inr icl il-er-ile'li- rll ' r-' d':' i:' r.',, 1-ii:,,! r-t: :r ,':i:ir.iL.: '.'ri:ilit,;\":Lrailr:ns te iihelI .:Lai\"i-r L)ar:)r ,i, .\\ -ri iIrI i:1, ,r i., ^ I , .. it3rJii ri,fi *s r tj -l ,Jiii.!:::11:iri r: !B!emffi e ,{ :; .Hffi .it , ili * '!--.: ,.:ir}.l I r::.1 ii I : \"$tl'i -- &, '{ '\\ i} ' I,ro' '.: id ffi*i., i 8 aq\" ' '.:---. --' -**\"Y*,_. r& qi I $\\ :..:t \\-i rr *\" ffi: a* :' ' ,en:t#': :.,.i\",::F .:.::.t:i? /rarrarr /1ri-i 5iHtr-tr.[. il 0]it,l)

:'blications and had to <lepict p16gness in rm,:.:i:r)r'it:iir.i-i.i;-.r i ,.. against a [-ondon bacl<ground. 'lt v,ras tiie r,,r:-e j\"er attempted,'he says,'and came at a, t.!rne',ri1i'lq,11 i ',,.;'; -, ng a lot of theatnical work, rnainly 5re rreiy dr:i!':-,, ir.',' ::.dler's Wells anci Covent Garden. &ecau'se r1i:1[!;..ii.;,1. rli; - - ral lrad to be prepared on eight ver^tical pareilr ir ;:rii -e d rawings at home beforeha.nd, ther, spe:nrL: ir., r..g: . .. :h an assistanr cornpleting the rqroi-i{ l,l a ser:ile-dr::ri: i :r ' - -..:.:.i*;j'Bi:r€*!+ I. ,ti'.:f; ir .i;Si r' Ii -j\"1:j :-*: il.-: i ii, :ijrl ,- ..- i. f t t:1 H.r &&sl s3 l'i| , :''\" r' : ,'. & rta'!:r i I:al$i:x !ii: .rr: - tl l il:: ; ! lr il'l:- It\" I , '.'!;::rr**r'ir{;!q-*:-'.t1r:':l ji 'gi i ,.:.,:. #.4 i.:: \", ;' -. {'h.e& e', .6r t'*'i' rtra ffii;'it.,,,-,.''-;ik.\"\" &\"i : -: e,<ltu +-a*q;l ,t:.'d:i_\"ffiit:'\"ii ,ir,i-... ,-;\"l;r'tZ<-\"f*-?f i*.{l1-, ..,. t@ & ,K \"& \"r :i#tf ,@r w6ff/iI:T*\\ftgP{ ,' ,,. , tiil l)./rraralr 191-l

FATE OF THE FORESTS fI his recent. and already highly acclaimed, fifth of the forest clearance. The rest is basic build small dams to check and control the flow of movie irom the Shell Film Unit is a cautionary tale, a 'message' film, with its warning to the human necessity. flood water. We see people cutting wood for fuel in Kenya world of what is happening to the great forests Peasant farmers are also forming a sort of and Nepal, in the Himalyas families collecting a vigilante guard in the newly planted areas to few sticks, a kilo or two a day ior the domestic that stretch around the globe. fire. lt is estimated that two billion people, a large keep off goats, sheep and cattle who can undo proportion of the Third World, use wood for their It is a picture painted on a broad canvas of the weeks of work in a few hours. daily survival, even though it is hopelessly richness, diversity and sheer scale of these ln Kenya, small farmers are being encouraged inefficient in energy yield. forests, and it is about their possible destruction by government agencies to Srow trees as a crop/ For the poor in the towns the situation is ior,wood feureclailsyp'ttiullsretrqeueireltdithLoitkseseepveianm-yileiea>r well wiLhin the lifeLime ol any yt-rung per)on in worse, for they have to pay cash for wood or for ali(e. 'l he the world today. fuel in charcoal form. This can cost up to 40 per growth to maturity is popular. The film opens with shots of animals and cent of their family income. So the story in this one country at least is no There are pathetic scenes in the Philippines of insects which live within the forests, demonstrat- longer one of indiscriminate hacking and landless 'squatters' trekking through the trails ing the part they all play in the natural processes left by the timber merchants, looking for Iand to chopping, but of planned cultivation of trees for of growth, maturity, death and decay. Leaf and grow food. both the timber trade and for family fuel. The It is the bad business of 'slash and burn' that timber fall to the ground and become part of the task is formidable-50 million trees a year must makes a mockery of good agricultural practice. breaking down of bacteria and general absorp- When a forest has been destroyed and the tree stumps and undergrowth burnt, there is a little tion into the soil. be planted in Kenya alone. fertile soil for planting. But not for long, and crops It is also a film about water, about the rain that are soon failing as the thin, rootless soil runs out ln Malaysia there is another reverse to the 'slash and burn'policy. The government is falls and how tree roots hold the soil together of nutriment. adopting a radical approach to improving the rural way of life by retaining over half the and preserve it. So far so good, but then comes ln Nepal the film shows the ever-rising terraces remaining rain forest but clearing the rest. man and the sad story starts to unfold. under cultivation to bring more food for the ln the cleared part it is plantinS palm oil and We take so much from our forests: staple people. Here again, the stripping of the forests foods and fuel, raw materials for medicines and results in a weakening of the soil. rubber trees, giving more work and a communal for industry. But after millions of years of When the monsoon breaks-and we see this income to what were previously landless and happening with a virtual flood from the skies evolution, these great forests are threatened the rivulets become streams, streams rivers, and with ertinction by man s sheer rapaciousne:s. soon whole torrents and waterfalls are rushing often hungry peasants. by on the screen, washing soil from the slopes. lhe film then shoot> a series o[ quite The Amazon basin in South America is A brown, silt-laden river roars on towards the horrendous sequence5 (hdl are a montage ol considered to have the world's largest reserves sea and great chunks of earth break away from destruction. Bulldozers crash and pound the the bank and join the torrent. of forest timber, but in Brazil the trail of trees, chain-saws whine as they rip through the The commentary states yet another grim destruction began some years ago. The Brazilian Bovernment has now reacted to timber. Hand axe and machete slice and slash statistic. Every minute 10,000 trees fall victim to the overwhelming pressure of people's need for the warning signals from Africa and the Far East with a terrifying rhythm of blow and cut, ending and has begun a series of studies to tackle the timber, fuel and farmland. with the final destruction by fire. problem. lt is marking out small areas for Fortunately, something ls being done. We Commentary spells out the basic statistics. A hear some Nepalese women singing at their controlled timber felling, and scientists are work, and their work is planting tree saplings a fifth of the great rain forests have gone in the Iast species of quick-growing pine. Their menfolk 20 years. Two{ifths will be finished by the end of studying the rejuvenation of those areas over the century. ln 40 years all could be gone, a seven-year periods. destruction that can only be spelled out in one It is also experimenting with better types of word catastrophe. seeds and seedlings, making soil analyses and Why can this happen? Why is it happening? keeping a strict control over tree felling by areas, as against allowing indiscriminate destruction. There are two basic answers. Yet the film shows that these activities are but ln South-East Asia in particular, hardwood is a a proverbial drop in the ocean. Huge investment business. lt brings in valuable foreign exchange. and resources are needed to build what man has But the world timber trade accounts for only a destroyed in so few years and return to what nature took millions to create. Making this film was not easy for director Alan cPheinedfrycaamnderhaismcarnewCuofsteCcohmniac.ialnts,mhaeyadseodunbdy glamorous to be assigned to the Amazon, Nepal and Kenya, but to trek through nearly impene- trable rain forests with masses of delicate camera and souncliequipment is not like filming the Changing of the Cuard in London. In Malaysia they were told the monsoon would break on a certain day, so they set up early and warted. The rain came, but at its heaviest and most filmable during the night! There were minor hazards and accidents. Alan Pendry was hit by a falling tree in Malaysia and The cycle ot' death and had to continue the film with ribs strapped up. liie-indiscriminate But all declare the most unpleasant side of tree lelling and cutting, in East Airica; working in rain forests is the leeches which made developing rubber trees in Malaysia; IoresL their presence felt at every opportunity. replanting on a Producer Douglas Cordon, Alan Pendry and Nepaiese hrl/side Cus Coma, plus all the crew on the film, have made a documentary in the true sense of the word. The music composed by Nicholas Maw is sombre, as is the message of the iilm. It is entirely right that such a message be produced, with its implicit warning to the future o of so many millions .lunuart' 1933 SH'LLL \\ilORLD

SHELL WORLD CALENDAR t983 EaqtEA' --\"u! rr. *n,Lkgi4..**:-Q?:- ,- ,. ''; f *4*a '' '-- '9r, N\\

p irds throughout the world have in initiates high-level contact with govern- E)general been more thoroughly ments. Its current tasks include research studied than most animals, because of into the eradication of introduced the ease with which many of them can be mammals on islands. a conservation watched. Some 8600 spLcies have been strategy for tropical lorest birds. p..u.n- recorded from all paits of rhe globe; tion of mass destruction of migratory those in developed counl.ries have birds, and an inventory of important been studied in detail, while others in bird habitats in Europe. less-developed regions may have'been The council has member organisa- observed onjust a few occasions. tions in 65 countries. Details can be The International Council for Bird obtained from ICBP, 2l9c Huntingdon Preservation currently lists 437 species Road, Cambridge, England. or sub-species that have become THE DANGER LIST threatened for various reasons. They are ABBOT'S BOOBY mainly categorised as fjonllodwans:ger ol ex- Endangered; those ENDANGERED tinction ilremedial action is not raken. The Abbot's Booby is found only on Vulnerable: those likelv to be en- Christmas Island in the Pacific Ocean. dangered ifno action is taken. There are currently 8000 birds, of which Rare: those not yet endangered or 1500 pairs nest. Unfortunately, the birds are not capable of breeding until they vulnerable. but at risk. Generally, the birds that need most reach the age offive or six, and even then attention are those in the less-developed only one egg is laid every rwo years. countries, for in developed countries the Thirty'per cent of the island's surface scarcer species have either adapted to will have been mined for phosphates by living with Man or have retracted 1994, and each year many nesting sites already. The majority ol causes ofl will be lost. extinction are associated with human ALEUTIAN CANADA GOOSE activities; for example. fishing and RARE ATRISK agricultural developrnent, industiialisa- The blue lox was introduced to the Aleutian Islands in the early 20th More than 4oo species or tion.trappi ng and shooting. century and has caused a diamatic sub-species are now on the Often the problems are solved decline of the native goose. Formerly world list of threatened birds. Keith Betton, who through education programmes. par- there were many thou;nds. ln 1977 in writes here and lists 3o of tigulady when birds are being perse- California. 1600 were counted during thern, is an assistant in cuted. Other methods include the Public Affairs, SICC, lhe winter months after they had establishment of effective legislation, dispersed lrom lheir breeding island of London. Outside the office he is a well-known which varies in each country. Buldir. where they nest in the marshes. ornithologist who writes, Basically, though, more research is lectures and broadcasts on ln addition to being protected by birds and natural history. needed into the distribution and popula- He is president of the American and Japanese law, the Aleu- London Natural History tions of many of ou r endangered species. Society tian Canada Goose is being captive- There are a number of organisations bred to encourage the establishment of THE ARTIST involved in international biri conserva- other breeding ui\"ar. Audrey North. who painted Shell World's 1983 Calendar (inside this centre tion. The World Wildlife Fund and its ATITLAN OR GIANT PIED GREBE gatefold), specialises in wildlife subiects. Self-taught, with no formal art-school scientific partner. the International ENDANGERED training, she began painting only seven years ato. She describes herself as 'a Union for the Conservation of Nature. This rare grebe is known to exist on only country housewife who paints in the recognise problem areas and initiate kitchen while the children are out'. projects around the world. Their funds one lake in southern Guatemala-Lake She lives in Hungerford in Berkshire. Atirlan. an area of 30 km2. The lake has England. The children are a boy aged I 6 and are provided mainly from private at present about 300 birds. certainly a a girl, 12. individuals in 26 member countries. The higher figure than that of 50 years ago. But a hydro-electric power scheme is World Wildlife Fund was founded in l96l and has already channelled more planned in the area and, il permitted, than 60 million US dollars inro more will change the ecology of Lake Atitlan than 3000 projects. to the detriment ol the birds. In October 1982, WWF and IUCN launched a major conservation pro- gramme aimed at wise management of CALIFORNIAN CONDOR tropical forests, many of which are ENDANGERED homes for endangered birds. Details of With a wingspan olup to 3 m, this is one the fund and its various member bodies of the largest birds in the world. It is can be obtained by writing ro WWF, also, however, oRe of the rarest. There World Conservation Centre. I196 may be just 40 birds lett in the moun- GIand. Switzerland. tains of California, where scientists have The main body involved with bird tried hard to save the species from conservation around the world is the extinction-hindered at times by some International Council for Bird Preserva- unhelplul actions from the birds them- tion, which receives funding from the selves. One pair which was being World Wildlife Fund. It was founded monitored in 1982 laid an egg and then in 1922 by a group of distinguished spent considerable time squabbling at ornithologists in London. the nest. The lone egg was kicked out on ICBP coordinates work by scientists to the rocks below. It seems at this in areas where birds are threatened, and moment that extincrion is inevitable. SHELL WORLD CALENDAR

CAPE (JACKASS) PENGUIN propel it after f,sh in the sea. It does not HARPY EAGLE Ieave its breeding areas, and is never VULNERABLE RARE more than 100m fiom the shore. There This small penguin is lound on the This magnificent eagle is found in coastal islands ol southern Africa. ln are 700*800 birds left and, to ensure their survival, local net-fishing of lob- the lowland tropical and sub-tropical historical times people collected its eggs forests of Central and South America. sters will have to remain prohibited. Each pair requires a vast area of forest lor lood, and on one island called in which to breed undisturbed. Despite FLORIDA EVERGLADES KITE Dassen 400.000 eggs were taken an- having been given nominal legal nually between 1890 and 1930. In that RARE protection in most countries, it is still period the Dassen Island bird popu- persecuted in some of them. Together Once found in most of the widespread lation was about 1,500,000 but it had with the destruction of the bird's declined to 170,000 in 1972, by which marshes of the Florida peninsula, by 1937 this kite had started to decline habitat, this is the major factor causing time egg-collecting was illegal. its decline. As yet, few areas of forest uncontrollably. After reaching a popu- have been set aside for the Harpy Eagle, CHRISTMAS FRIGATEBIRD lation low of just 20, it has increased and its future seems unsure. \\.IJLNERABLE again to about 100 birds. A recovery HOODED CRANE As with the Abbot's Booby, the team has been established by the US VULNERABLE Christmas Frigatebird breeds only on Fish and Wildlife Service to help protect Christmas Island, the 1000 breedirrg On its main wintering grounds in pairs laying just one egg each pair in the birds from hunters, and to erect high alternate years. This species nests in Japan-in the wetlands and agricultural areas that are ol low'grade phosphate. nesting platforms to reduce the loss of and mining causes fewer problems than areas-the Hooded Crane is quite with the Abbot's Booby. nests in severe stotms. { numerous. The improper use of pes- DALMATIAN PELICAN GALAPAGOS DARK-RUMPED ticides in these areas is thought to have PETREL VULNERABLE been a factor in the bird's decline, ENDANGERED adding to the problems of human Found mainly around the Balkan Pen- insuia, the Dalmatian Pelican breeds on Dark-Rumped Petrels appear in several disturbance and habitat destruction. islands or flooded reedbeds in estuaries, areas of the world, but this sub-species is lagoons and rivers. Human disturbance HORNED COOT confined to just a few of the Pacific hai affected breeding colonies in the RARE Galapagos Islands. Unfortunately, the past. and these need to be identified and species' decline seems to be continuous, Inhabiting a few freshwater lakes in the and may weil end in compiete extinction protected along with leeding areas. In by predatory rats. high Andes of Chile, Bolivia and 1979 there were 665-1000 breeding pairs, of which half were in the USSR. Argentina, the Horned Coot's current population is not known but is thought ESKIMO CURLEW to have been low for a long time. ENDANGERED LAYSAN TEAL The current status of this wading bird is RARE unknown. Large numbers were killed during their migration in the latter half The population of this bird has fluc- of the l9th century, before which time they were recorded as being abundant- tuated greatly over the years on Laysan millions being seen in Labrador. There Island-an area of 4km2 in the north- has been no change in the birds' west Hawaiian Islands which is part of a breeding habitat, and so there remains a National Wildlife Refuge. In the early chance that with protection they may part ofthis century the birds declined in number as a direct result ol imported reappear. European rabbits eating the vegetation. FLIGHTLESS CORMORANT After a successful programme to reduce RARf the rabbit population, the number of An unusual bird from the Galapagos teal rose to a very high level. Since 1969, Islands which has lost the power of flight. although it still uses its wings to however, it has been declining again, %*- this time for unknown reasons. The bird breeds readily in captivity, and now has a greater population in private col- lections than in the wild. RED.BILLED CURASSOW ENDANGERED Formerly widespread in the Amazonian primary rain forests, the Red-Billed Curassow is now a scarce inhabitant of south-east Brazil. lound in just three protected localities. Forest clearance is the main cause of the bird's decline to a population of about 100. The species has been given legal protection in Brazll, but its breeding habitat is constantly disappea ring. Atitldn (Glerefbt)e: (top): dramatic decline. Hooded RED-TAILED PARROT Crane vulnerable. Calilbrnian Condor ENDANGERED ( above ) : one of the world's largest birtls This is another species found in the forests ofsouth-east Brazil, although its current distribution and numbers are unknown. Like many other tropical SHELL WORLD CALENDAR

IANUARY Seychelles Black M 3 1,0 17 24 31, Parad:ise Flycatcher ur' Harpy Eagle T 4ttt825 FEBRUARY w 5121926 T 6t32027 M 7142128 F 7t42128 T | 81522 1 8152229 s 2 9t62330 w 2 91623 T 3r01724 Seychelles Scops Owl F 4tt1825 s 5t21926 s 6132027 MARCH Seychelles K M 7142128 Seychelles MagPie Robin T 1 8152229 w 2 9162330 T 310172431 F 4tt1825 s 5121926 s 6132027

APRIL M 4t71825 T 5t21926 w 6t32027 T 7142128 1 8 15 2229 2 9162330 3to1724 MAY M 2 9162330 M 6132027 370t72431 T 7142128 T 4ll1825 w 1 8 15 2229 w T 5t21926 T 2 9162330 3to1724 Christmas Frigatebird 6132027 \"7 14 2t 28 4111825 p aV- 1 8 t5 2229 5 t2 1.9 26 tl JUry- AUGUST Dalmatian Pelic:' t M 41rt825 M 1 8 15 2229 T 2 9162330 T 5121926 w 310172431 w 6132027 T 4tr1825 T 7 t4 21, 28 5121926 F 1 8152229 2 9162330 6132027 7142128 310172431 .(;strel Thul e W hit e- Fr ont e d G o o s e Cape (lackass) Penguin *i$ra

Short-Tailed Alba*oss SEPTEMBER OCTOBER .:.::,,,!:-ti.i;ii't.t-.i.. M st2t926 M 3t017243r -.. .i..rr,.r.,;..].::.,:tr::.':,i:1*I:rE*q:-l1ji;!;,ii..l.i,,;ii..rri-r.$i._,:,:.rr,;iiIl;.i . T 6132027 T 4111825 NOVEMBER w 7t42128 w 5t2t926 T 1 8152229 M 7142128 T 6132027 2 9162330 T 1 8152229 7t42128 w 2 9162330 3t01724 1 8 15 2229 T 3t01724 4111825 2 9162330 4111825 512t926 DECEMBER :S 6132027 M s121926 T 6132027 w 7 142128 T 1 8152229 2 9t62330 3r0172431 4rrt825 Waldrapp Ibis Whooping Crane Flightless Cormorant .'- .,n.,liii.;,.; :;.:-r.: .: .E.r.r, ,a. . :., !j ': ' .'q'.'r *;, Aleutian Canada Goose

SHE,LL WORLT) rg83

TUN DRA PEREGRINE FALCON ENDANGERED Alaska, Canada and Greenland are the breeding grounds for this sub-species of the Peregrine Falcon. Its current status is not known, however, other than records of birds seen during the winter along the coasts of Latin America and the Gulf of Mexico. The US Fish and Wildlife Service has recently established a team to bring this sub-species back to its former numbers. In addition to being fully protected, it is being bred in captivity to help boost its population' WALDRAPP IBIS (oR HERMIT lBls) ENDANGERED This rather uglyJooking bird breeds gregariously on cliffledges at traditional sites. In Turkey there is just one site left in Birecikl in Morocco there are 15 Iocalities. Spanish Imperial Eagles: onlv 100 pairs'left species with bright plumage, this bird is caused a great reduction in number of WHITE-TAILED EAGLE sold in the underground market, though the resident ScoPs Owl' Much of the officially t-ully protected bY law. forest was lelled in the mid-l8th cen- VULNERABLE tury, with the result that there are only SEYCHELLES BLACK PARADISE A widely distributed species, occurring FLYCATCHER 80 pairs of the bird left. in Greenland and manY Northern SHORT.TAI LED ALBATROSS European countries, where it is declin- ing through persecution and distur- ENDANGERED bance by Man. Habitat destruction has Only 25-35 pairs of this beautiful bird ENDANGERED been one of the factors contributing to remain in the lowland forests, a habitat that has been destroyed on most of the This beautiful seabird nests on the its decline, as it nests along the rocky Seychelle Islands. Today it is found only island of Torishima, south of Japan' It was once abundant, but manY thou- coasts and inland river valleYs. on the west coast of the island of La sands of the species have been killed for WHITE-WINGED COTINGA Digne. The majoritY of SeYchelles their feathers. Culling was made illegal VULNERABLE people live here and, although the in 1906 but the ban was ineffective, Destruction of primary forests in eas- flycatcher does not object to living and many albatrosses were still being tern Brazil has caused this and other local species to be at serious risk. It alongside humans, it is often killed by slaughtered in the mid-1930s. The appears in several localities but its loca1 children. dramatically reduced population of about 60 breeding pairs is now being current population is not known. SEYCHELLES KESTREL threatened by the local wild cats. The RARE birds are well Protected bY law, but WHITE-WINGED GUAN A srnall bird of prey, this species lives in Torishima is also an active volcano and ENDANGERED both the dense forest and open country hardly a safe nesting Place. of the Seychelle Islands. There are Until 1977 this species was thought to be currently fewer than 100 pairs left, many SPANISH IMPERIAL EAGLE extinct. but two scientists then found several birds in north-west Peru. Now of which are comPeting with the in- ENDANGERED troduced Barn Owls for nesting sites. the known numbers are increasing With only about 100 Pairs left in Seychelles Kestrels have also been shot southern Spain and Portugal, this slowly, and occasionally further birds are discovered in the dry forest areas in in the past-an activity that is for- impressive eagle has become scarce as a which they nest. The world population is now probablY at least 200. tunately declining. result of poisoning, shooting and ha- WHOOPING CRANE SEYCHELLES MAGPIE ROBIN bitat destruction. Many birds have also died as a result of flying into overhead ENDANGERED ENDANGERED power cables near their nest sites in low Fortunately this American species is Another bird which has declined in trees and bushy hills. A programme of gradually recovering in number as a number as a result of an introduced animal-in this case cats. The Magpie removing young birds from the nest and Robin nests in citrus and coffee plan- tations and vegetable gardens, where it placing them in nests ol birds without young has proved to be successful. is also easy prey to rats. Today, the last THULE WHITE-FRONTED GOOSE iesult ofprotection ofbirds and habitat 12 pairs nest on the island of Frigate, RARE since the beginning of the Whooping where rats are absent but where cats Although about 1500 of these geese Crane RecoverY Plan. The birds are remain. The bird's continued existence winter in California each year, their being studied both at their breeding and depends on the enforced reduction of breeding grounds have yet to be dis- wintering grounds, and a caPtive- their predators. covered. Presumably they nest in the rearing programme is being undertaken to addlo the population ofjust 70 which SEYCHELLES SCOPS OWL taiga forests, probably in Alaska. When remain. The crane's decline was a result RARE the breeding areas are finally located of loss of nesting habitat in the US they should be fu1ly protected against The destruction olthe high primary and through agricultural developments. O secondary forests in the Seychelles has development. SHELL WORLD CALENDAR

CRAND OLD DUKE their national characteristics, as compared with the fence that separates mind and body, spiritual lread with interest the news item in your the ingredients raised in that article. and material, ourselves and nature, the in- October/November issue (No 7 Vol 7) about the To the participants surprise it was con- dividual and the surrounding nature, individual commissioning of River Boyne, the first coalJired cluded, by means of an analytical approach and social. This bridging of the gap between two ship order for a quarter of a century. factions would bring a new transformation to to each element, that the Japanese appear to I was reminded, as I am sure many other Shell have substantial similarity to Dutch in mental our day-to-day living, and make life more pensioners will be, of the Duke ol York, which was transferred to the Harwich/Hook of Holland approaches such as being efficient, hard-working, wholesome. run soon after the war, and so transported driving, humourless, difficult to approach, H- E, MOHAMED, 4932 4OTH AVE NW CALCARY, ALBERTA, CANADA. innumerable Shell staff en route from London to organisation-oriented, functional in their business Mr Mohamed worked {or Kenya Shell for 17'years. ln The Hague, Amsterdam, etc. 1975 he emigrated to Canada and has been working, Built prewar for the Heysham/Belfast route, behaviour. They were hesitant to accept this with Shell Canada ever since. she was coal{ired but had a well-designed JapSatnreasnegealfyfineitynotougDhu,tcith metalities, however. system which gave little smoke and dirt, or was agreed by the inconvenience for passengers. lt would be members that in actual daily life, the Japanese PLANE SPEAKING interesting to compare the installations on the are quite non-functional, lacking in realism, I am compiling a history of Shell company River Boyne and the Duke ol York, showing the friendly, enjoying comics, satisfied with the aircraft around the world, and the people who advances made after 40 years. 'rabbit hutch' . all unlike the Dutch. How I, S. MORTON, 5 SANDHILLS CREEN, BIRMINCHAM, 845 8NT, ENCLAND, mysterious the Japanese are! operated and travelled in them, from the earliest REPUTABLE FILMS T, SUCAWARA, COAL MANACER, SHELL KOSAN, TOKYO, times to the present day. Congratulations to the Shell Film Unit on The DH Moth bought in 1927 by Shell-Mex is completing its first half century (No 6 Vol 7). BEYOND THE FRINGE thought to have been the first'corporate' aircraft Shell's early involvement in the film medium has been of immense benefit to our reputation in the I would refer to the article on retirement by Jean in Europe; thereafter, operations expanded Netherlands and the public domain. Low (No 7 YolT) through the pioneering era to the sophisticated I should also like to acquaint your readers with The concept o{ the article was based on the fact that, in this country, film production for seeing things from a Western angle. As an air transportation now organised by Shell a Croup company goes back as far as 1924, when the former Bataafsche Petroleum Maatschappij Oriental, I wish to add a word or two. Aircraft Ltd. Relatively little has been recorded of commissioned Mr Willy Mullens to make a film With all the fringe occupations a retiree could about exploration and crude oil production in Lhe flying achievement-s and events o[ nearly six the then Netherlands East lndies. indulge in, there is one area he needs to look into. When the external dream begins to wane, decades, however. The film material made in those pioneer days still survives in the archives of the Netherlands we need to start looking inwards-with;n I shall rely, especially for the early years, on Film Museum in Amsterdam. ourselves. The inward experience will assume personal recollections which are so often the THEO HONDIUS, HEAD OF PUBLlC RELATIONS, BILLITON IN. religious and psychological forms which will best source of material. Accordingly, I would be TERNATIONAL METALS, LEIDSCHENDAM, THE NETHERIANDS. emphasise self-awareness. most grateful to hear from Shell staff both When the material dream has lost its charm, we need to fall back on ourselves to see a new serving and retired who may have interesting base for our lives. Thus we shall view the world in and amusing experiences to contritrute. a more personalised way. All records, photographs and related material What we need is a beginning that would will be carefully looked after and returned after involve balancing our acts. We need to mend publication. Please contact me at the address below, or if easier, through Mr C. R. Moss. 7NA.SA-SAL, Shell Centre, London, SEl O HUCH SCANLAN (formerly editor 'She I Aviation News'), 59 ROBINS BOW, FOREST HILLS, CAMBERLTY, SURREY CU]5 3NP, ENCLAND, HAIL AND FAREWETL Early days ol Shell Aviation: a DH ln 1978 I was appointed as your correspondent in Cipsy Moth refills at Surabaya. Japan, having been a newspaper reporter before Below: a Percival Prince o{ Shell joining Shell Kosan. I will have retired from the Venezuela, '1952. See 'Plane Speaking' (above) company, however, by the time this contri- bution appears in your Readers' Letters page. Throughout this period, what has most delighted me was the -1980 children's painting competition held by She// World, when our local children won wonderful prizes. When I look back at that colourful issue, December 1980, lfeel that my efforts were really rewarded. With many sweet memories I should like to say 'Cood-bye'to allthe readers as well as to the editor. Cood luck! - TANIMITSU, PUBLIC AFFAIRS, SHELL KOSAN, TOKYO, Cn our paft, a sincere thank-you to Tetsuya Tanimitsu, \"rho has been a most valued and help{ul colleague in apan's capital city. THE MYSTERY DEEPENS One Japanese reader was so intrigued with the article 'How the Dutch and British See Each Other' in Shell World (No 1 Vol 7) that he croposed a discussion meeting with a group of lapanese journalists from the leading papers in lapan. The purpose of the meeting was to dentify among themselves how similar or cissimilar, or how unique, the .Japanese are in SHELL WORLD./anuary I 98 3

OlaurltysidifetrhsetyhianrkeingWeosf tKerenneyras,. particu- 85 per cent of the energy required for its the 'Consolidated' organisation in the conjure modern sector of the economy. region. images of game parks. of long goiden Because of balance of payments prob- In the Nairobi offlce entrance hall, BP sands, and then perhaps ofthe coffee and tea they cannot live without. In other lems. of an economy where growth has Shield magazine lies alongside Shell words, they think of tourism and of slowed down, and o? decliniig terms of World. And it is intriguing to see that Kenya's vital foreign exchange earners. trade owing to weakness in prices for some of the notes on Nick Muriuki's coffee and tea exports, the rising cost of desk are written in red ink and some'in As it happens, all of Lhese are affected oil tas become a key problem. lmports, pinroodleucdtesg.reIenorthoethegrabmy eShpeallrckosm, pligahn-yt including oil, have had to be restrhined green. Is this a symbol of the two interests aircraft which invariably fly tourists to by foreign exchange quotas, and strict he represents? 'Yes,' he says, 'we are a price regulations are in force. two-coloured animal.' the remote lodges use Shell fuel ex- -genItiesrisalcamhsaaitnluleaagnteigorinnNgtihcfkaotMr-tuKoreiusnkayyi.ath'WeSehleeaallrs'set . Significantly, the company is embark- clusively. In the luxury hotels on the ing on a programme of brand equality coast, there is usually a couple of Shell -swtahtioicnhs means that a number of service in Shell colours will be converted petrol pumps in the grounds and the consuming large amounts of very scarce to_ BP colours, followed by changes in meals are cooked with Shell liquid fcoorset iogfnoeilxhcahsatnhgeererfeosreervtoesb-e and our other sectors of the market incliding petroleum gas. Much more significantly, large amounts of Group products aie absolutelv consumer and lubricants markets. So sold to the agricultural sector. defensible,'he says. Kenya Shell will be pushing two brands But for Kenya, the economic equation The year 1981 was the company's first at the same time. is unequal. For the harsh fact is that the to show heavy losses. It waf unable to coWmphailenySihnellKisenkynao,whnetosabyes,a'Ifodreoignn't import of oil for industry and transport recover uncompetitive supply costs from think there is a better wav of demonstrat- costs three times the foreign exchange the market. Trade has been declining ing our identification wlth tne country with economic recession, and there are than gmoaoindtacinitiinzegnashcipominpetaitivceomseprvaincey that the country earns from coffee hardly any major new activities giving exports. Kenya has to import more than rise to a significant increase in oil-sales. and This in spite of the fact that Kenya Shell is well represented in all sectori of the largely manned by Kenyans-our ietail and transport network, lor instance, is ammiaarlnriknuefeat.c-tiunrinpbgoe,wiinnegrsutgphepenlyeionragntlitoyhnec,nocametpimoanenanylt operated by local people. Our fortunes and misfortunes are closely linked with the local business environment. and we marketing aviation fuel for light aircraft, always try to maintain a balancebetween and having the widest retail network. the our social and commercial roles.' It is the oldest oil company in . He says he also sees the advantages of country and the market leader. So, when there is an oil industry crisis. 'the impacr being part of an international set-up, on us is more widesfread than on our with its access to technology and ei- competitors,' says Nick Muriuki. change of experience, with opportunities 'Another factor is that I am the onlv Kenyan to head a lirge oil companyj faonrdKetnoyacnas ltloownorpkaarenndtticaoinmpaabnroieasd' and have been an oil company chief resources when needed. He is keen on executive in Kenya for longer ihari any of cultivating a sense of internationalism in promising staff through overseas post- lly counterparts in other companies. ings and courses-and he is also keen Because of that. people tend to look to us on accepting Group staff from other if there are oil problems.' countries on exchange. 'Us' in this case is not only Kenya Shell Ltd but BP Kenva Ltd-as toThceallol coanl cothmeparneys'souarbcielistyotof be able parent well. For this is in fact a companies was particularly critical 50/50 marketing com- during the problems of l9&1. It was pany with Bp \" not until November that it finally had . playing a more the government's agreement to recover active role supply cost increases by raising product following prices-but only after many months of the end of delay and heavy loss of profit. 'Our parent companies kept us afloat.' Faced with those bad company results, the took a number of actions. First, it had a thorough look at how it obofug1h9t8-i1n, oil and, from the second half started taking part of its requirements from the then more favour- able spot market. It also launched a major reorganisa- tion which included the appointment of area managers for combined marketing Nick Muriuki: and distribution units based in Nairob-i l[/e have to be and Mombasa, each with his own area competitiye- and show it! 'management team'. Devolving decisions Januau 1983 SHELL WORLD

3N THE DESK OF NAIROBI-BASED GENEBAL MANAGER NICK MURIUKI SOME HANDWRITTEN NOTES ARE PENNED IN BED AND OTHERS \\ GREEN THEIR SIGNIFICANCE REPRESENTS THE NUB AND THE CHALLENGE-OF A ..]NIOUE JOINT MARKETING COMPANY .VRITER. J EAN LOW ro the fleld to people who would have a western region of Kenya, around Lake oil company. 'It was difficult at that time much higher appreciation of the conse- Victoria and on the coast. The company to visualise what would happen, because quences of those decisions, it was wants to ensure a strong marketing base for petrol sales by selective investment in Kenya was still a colony and right in the reasoned, would benefit the company as a whole, while reducing levels of super- existing service stations. middle of the Mau Mau freedom war.' rision and leading to a slimmer organisa- -ebxpeQotuwrittsee, eamnnaiimtnelpynotarotnaRndwt 1ap3nadprateorafncidtesBnbuutrsuininsedsiins. He was impressed with the Shell rion. In the event, staff numbers have Most of Uganda's main products are people he met at that time, who explained been reduced by nine per cent, and I 6,500 processed at Mombasa refinery and then their philosophy of 'localising' the x1 ft of office space emptied for leasing in transported by pipeline and road across management of operations as a world- wide policy. 'That is basically why I fie company's building in Nairobi's the border. joined. Here was a company genuinely Harambee Avenue. (Harambee is the Uganda is one of a number of interested in attracting suitably qualified country's motto-'All pull together'.) Nick Muriuki believes that the new countries that Nick Muriuki has worked Africans as managers of their own in during his 2l-year career. As well as operations. It was without doubt miles structure offers better career prospects. many years in Kenya, he has based ahead of its time.' A third business unit is supply trading himself in Tanzania, Nigeria and As a Kenyan in charge of a foreign company, he bsuasyinsehssemasne.e'sI and lubricants, set up to concentrate on the UK. himself His father wanted him to be a doctor, primarily as a do not Iubricants and export business. but he preferred a business career in an believe my business activities should or Transport and agro-based industries do necessarily conflict with being a are important to Kenya Shell. Most is Kenyan. The fact that I am a Kenyan probably gives me some advantage in concentrated in the highlands and in the perception, which is for the mutual benefit ofcompany and country. One has I to maintain a set of commercial values t while being sensitive to political con- 1. siderations. But, it is good politics as well as good business that a well-run commercial enterprise must be rewarded with an attractive profit.' Today, he says, 'what really motivates me is looking for the opportunities and watching out for the threats. As a businessman, I am keenly interested in the bottom line. At the end of a day, the panies. His technical back-up and bottom line is a summing-up of what the LINNINGARURAL opportunities for training his staff come business is all about. But at the same time through SIPM in The Hague. But in this you are not just thinking about today. unusual position he can be independent There is a danger, it seems to me, of being REFINE,RY in running things as he sees best, in too short-term. Coconuts, chickens and cassava are coping with particular problems not 'From time to time it is advisable to some of the unlikely products coming faced by most refinery managers. sacrifice the present for a discernible better future. Adequate investment in out of Kenya's reflnery in Mombasa. It Neat as a pin, with two million safety yrunds almost like biomass energy in man-hours coming up, the five million manpower development must also be maintained because it is the people who reverse. In fact they all come from a tonne refinery (similar in size to the Shell keep the company going.' 100 acre plantation adjoining the oil reflneries in Denmark, Sweden and mnks and .pipes. General manager Switzerland) is running at 60-65 per cent When I spoke to Nick Muriuki Dutchman Hans van Luyk rather enjoys of its capacity. Unlike those European towards the end of last summer, he had refineries, Mombasa has as yet no just returned from a visit to a number of his unaccustomed rural role. Even his main task of running this facilities for converting unwanted fuel European marketing companies where multi-owned refinery is an unusual one. oil to lighter oil products. Some of he was deeply impressed with the value of For he is operating it on behalf of East this heavy oil goes unprofitablyas far African Oil Refineries Ltd, a company as Singapore for further processing, computer technology in decision making. It showed, he said, what could half-owned by the government, with although studies of the technical and be done to improve internal efflciencies iour oil companies Shell, BP, Esso flnancial options of adding new facilities against the background ofhigh inflation, and Caltex-sharing the remainder of are already under way. overcapacity, and the need to evaluate a dre ownership. He has been seconded to His continuing preoccupation is wide range of business options speedily the job by Shell International, which has security of smuoprpelytha-t 'You cannot and accurately. had an operating service agreement with guarantee any all the products How does he think his operation rhe company right from the start. He will be available in all the places'-and would look to a European or American and the other Group experts there are the foreign exchange problems that can oil marketeer? a mix of Dutch, British, Australian, delay deliveries of crude oil. 'First,'he says,'as members of a highly Belgian and Kenyan. As manager of Kenya's only refinery developed industrial society, they have nskoillperdobpleemopl-e. in getting As a seconded Shellman, he has to Hans van Luyk plays more of a public as we idsoa- affairs role than many managers, even There shortage in plaakertnaedrestaechqeudaslltya.ncKeeannydamuSsht etrlel aitsaall Kenya of accountants, engineers and appearing on Kenya television to other technical people. They would see customer just like the other oil com- explain its role and work. O differences which would apply to any SIILI. WORLD./anuaty 1983 3l

developing country where the business businessman soncerned both with his The iiirport takcs iis name f}om Mrs couniry's economic problems and get- culture is relatively new. ting to grips with keeping the compan.v Florrie Wiison. who nursed her airline\" Wilson Airways, from a one Tiger Moth 'Comprehensive information is nct successful. He says iirmly: 'We have to be outfit in i929 to an organrstIio,; ae i(nou - readily available. New ideas take time to competitive and elfleient and shor.r,itl' ledgerl as the genesis ol Easi. Africai be put intc efl-ect. We are traditional Kenya Airways. One side c, iiie airport here: -ue teld to preserve what we know. Social interdcpenden.c is rery strong -E'- borciers on Nairobi's national -park. and I and at times not in harmony rviili ]O the ar-rtelopes arrd girafl-es seem to be pro'Ifet ssisionnaol tloyaalw1tya.l,s easy lo procure I-:IF.ELINE so acclimatised io the noisc ol the services that rneet our standards THE, WILDS incre:rsingly large volunie o1' air traffic whether transport, building contractors. lhat they are sometjmcs seeil irom the The young prlot lrom the Fiying Doctor the telephone or repair services. Aiso. service liad lust flown back to l\\ierirobi terminal itseif\" from a sma1l airstrip at one of ttrre game Large it eei'tainiy is\" and the country's business operations are circumscribed by parks\" trt haC been an emergency\" bring- br-rsiest airport rvith chalter eonrpanies regulations and controls and as sr\"rch you cannot always push a commercial ing back an Americau tolrri-(t r,i ho had taking tourists to the game lodges and been gored try a butthlo\" The pilot was hoteis; police planes. whose activities decision to its logical and obvious familiar rvith scores ol such airstrips up- include attempts to stop poaching; conclusion\"' pianes belongrng to internalional Looking ahead, he points out that countrl, in Ken3,a, rvhere air travel is 'I feel organisations such as UNESCC and the Kenya is oniy some 20 -vears old. one ol often the most practical link. that the present recession is only After the emergency\" he had only an locust controi unit: numer(]us crop- the setbacks \\\\e must encountcr in a future journey that holds good business hour's fuel left and so flew into head- spraying planes, slirvey pianes; mission- prospects for the company. I can see quarters at Wilson airport in Nairobi. ar.v organisations' plancs; ttrc Aeroclub signs\" for example, gf th9 Ugandan economy coming ronnd, and we are very There, small planes depend for luel oi E,ast Africa; and. of coursc. the well- nwoertlhl eprlnacpeadrttoofTsaenrzvaentihae, mto-o, and k rto*r n Fiying Doctor seivicc. the entirely on Keny'a Shell, the only com- when the Between 300 and 400 snrall planes take pany selling Avgas to ihe many eraft border ultimately opens.' ofi and liind every day. Take-off is ivhich act as a fif'eiine to the remote areas. He also beiieves that geothermal usually between 7 and 9 am anci they eRnieftrgvya-llesyt-eammayfrworenli below thc Wilson is tlre oldest of Nairobi's three retrlrn between 3 and 6 pm. Most are deep propeller aircraft and Kenya Sheli is enormous airports. three miles from the city centre, be of kceping theni flying on some 15,0110 lirres potential in Kenya. especially for and Sam Muchuga. the company's generating electricity. At the mon:ent\" of Avgas a day as rveil as seiiing a aviation manager. explains that when more modest 2000 iitres of iet firel. the operations began there iir the 193tls Kenya Shell was present fiom the start. Customers number just or,'cr a, hr-rnclred. however. wood fuel accounts for over 70 per cent of the country's totai energy demand, so he feels the key to meeting Kenya's energy gap lies in a vigorous re-afforestation programme. He ernphasises that oi1 wi1i, neverthe- less, continue to play a maior role in the I'd#e- economy of the country. 'One hopes there will he a favourable turnround in the world economy, and the domestic economy as well. Since there cannot be growth without energy, the company will always have a future in Kenya -- assuming that the philosophy of private enterprise v,ril1 continue.' ' e:+tli Nick Muriuki's quiet voice camou- r lt :;'r flages his tough determination as a *;ir !jr-r1i*_*;:ijni,iqr:irFi4, ;E.(r'a\"' .. . , F, .rl :lr r.ar: t r #i;, #, ffi .: :.ri.Sr \"i.i.,r'i i !:l\"r;;ll \"',s*;{.:[..'+ r-rJ ] ;, !{k . ' :F i #i;* ' \"\":\"\"-:.11f Lr':1.., '.-',.- '' i ;fr ii..,i l:l' ,irt \" t':'\".I ir '.'lt\"r ' t.i: i. .; .,.:-r irl' :'i1ini '-rl , ,.:: ' :

il-re average tsi1ml-aullppliasne1t5o0flylittrhees30-0- tree doling olrt much-needed medicines. (water tanks and pipelines) says Mike This charitable. non-profit service is ,r hich alloivs a Mould and East Africa's torrential helped by people in a number of niles soutir to Malindi on the coast. The rains provide them with plenty ol oppor- .irports ihere also have Shell and BP countries. Canada. Germany and the ,peratioi:is fo. ieluelling sma11 craflt. The tunities for doing borh. LfK in particular. Some planes are .'rrorrrxepmlrloytesLairpepalsie.s fuel in tins and drurns Distances are the compan'y's biggest donated-for instance, one recentlrr by problem. An average haul would be the Dutclr governmenl. betrr,'een 300 and 400 km, but sometimes Keeprng them all in the air, Hke the Philip Opola, in charge of the Shell and the distance can be 1000km. The long other small aircraft stationed in the 3P depot at Wilson, has a staff of ten. distances the emuisions have to travel by hangar at Wilson. depends on the work roaC is one of the differences between lourism has the biggest impact on their ol Philip Opola and his back-up team. Colas activities in Kenya and Europe .:rles\" largei,v due to the charter com- Without. them. the long arteries to .rLnies some 70 or 80 in all. h4ost of Currently it is involved in a road re !.ume lodges havc air:trip.. some just rerrote areas would inevitabll, be starved contract in which 200 km of isolated ol thcir vital lil'e-hlood rlass, and during the tourist season from roadway have been completed over the )ciober to March the atr trafhc past lour years using bitumen emulsion. nd their volume ol work tend to go It rvas thought to be the largest contract .p considerably. B,,,MEN,S S*E,ET yet awarded for this type of construction. Ir-rside the compact, rvhite-painted. Another major job is a i36km roaci ngie-storey Shell office a- hung with STJCCES S ulple bougainvillaea large notice from Kenya's third biggest town. A joky advertisement in a Kenya maga- Kisumu, to Mau Summit through some irminates the room: 'Lives depend on o1- Kenya's most exhilarating. terrain a,i= lorest and the lush green tea country. 67 6i' lthe last word in red lor emphasis). zine shows a man on the teiephone sitting One of those lives rs that of the young An associated company WACO under a large umbrella. with the caption: 'L1ot Phil Matheu,s from the Flying 'My roof is leakingl' The reply is short Waterproofing and Al1ied Construction )octor service. After his emergency rgl-rt on the day Shell l|/orld visited and sweet: 'Get Colas!' handies maintenance, largely for E \\ ilson'*he had ordered 190 litres of Colas is another Shell company in roofs, and this is Keith Rowland's ; Kenya-a '100 per center' since 1977 particular baby. It offers a service as well q \\ r gas for his single-engined Cessner 401 , manufacturing and selling bitumen emul- as products and the company's foremen rrich can carry up to five passengers. sions. Based in the industrial quarter of help in training the contractors' men. To check there was no water in the Nairobi (full name Colas East Africa .Lnk, he used an old but serviceable Ltd, selling throughout East Africa) it With a product that is 50 per cent oca-Coia bottle for draining. Con- buys its biturnen from Kenya Shell. water. Colas has to expend a great deal of 5 elfort hauling its own water supplies, and ;nsation and rain are the culprits, he General manager Mike Mould and Mike Mould looks forward to the q .11's. Sornetimes after a storm he has completion later this year of a new assistant chief executive Keith Rowland are both :.ained his fuel and got three full bottles leannggiunaegeerso-f speaking the reservoir. The future of their products, he ,a specialised their customers l'r.vater out. says, is based on many more such Z Most of the airstrips he flies to are near and providing the technical knowhow developments in the country. hospital or mission. 'There is a iot of and advice which is such an important <: rrting around,' he says. But once in the element of their work. r things can be far T*o HArs Ar sfroommetirbnoersingev-en This small but successlul company has !Z 'nelimes lonely and been selling bitumen road emulsions :rnerving. He has occasionally had its biggest market-as well as roofing fficu1ty in finding an airstrip. If any- THE TERMINAL e and waterproofing products for a wide Titus Wainaina has been waiting ing goes wrong with his plane, he has to spread of small contractors for.just over ,dio for an engineer and spare parts. He 25 years. Their industriai products come impatiently for a new automatic LPG conveyor belt at Na;robi's biggest oii ..ms it up as a 'very exciting' job. under the brand name of 'Colas-Plus'. A Emergencies, rvhrch include ferrying recent contract has been for the bis UN terminal. It willhalve the time of today's I ;tims of road accidents, malaria, and office complex in Nairobi, anotheifor a manual loading operation. Some months * tacks by buffalo and elephant, are a new 120 km water pipeline. ago, this would have seemed a strange i 'We are keeping water out,' (of high- fcionngceerrtnipfso-rbuhitmhe- a marketer to - latively small part of the Flying Doctor his :i-r'ice. Mostly it involves sitting under a ways, roofs, etc) 'and keeping water in,' is now based at the .ir.lt r ;,*;,{tl+:*,.' ,'.' .,.,1'- ,:r i' . , ri!,.ilr! ,li:il . ll(FlH.$il l,-''.B4r,4 tjriss,$ i;j *.r ;{.r..;e. +j--t,r r:':r r'r ..' ..i.. : r:l:ril '.k i 11 :\",11+rl i- .,lr*i :j:lii.

more strategic role as a buffer against ;e% future crude oil supply problems. 3S,x Certainly. one thing the 200-odd employees have there is plenty ofl space. Old stores and pipes are being modifled as the terminal adapts to change, and the future of some of the tankage is currently under review. This terminal was in fact built in the days when it served the whole of Kenya. In addition to space, what it also has a good deal of is tropical rain, which delays morning work in the wet season. On an early July day when Shell World visited, there should have been hot sun. Instead, there was streaming rain and the atmo- sphere was hot and humid. For him, as a chemical engineer, it is a surprising sort ofjob, resulting from the reorganisation into the two regional :'L business units. His priority is to establish Titus Wainaina at the terminal: 'A marketer to his fingertips' the terminal in its new role and create an efficient supply base for the industrial terminal: one of many people reorganis- it could mean that the work of a major and marine customers in the area. ing Kenya Shell into an animal quite tea or sugar factory could be halted. He is hoping to achieve major changes in the next unlike most other Shell companies. Roads can be difficult, particularly in 1ta2nkmsoanpthpsro-priaretestrtioctitnhge operations to He is deputy to Peter Smith, head of the high and wet areas where tea is job, relieving other tankage which may one of the two main regions in Kenya and grown. In some cases customers can be as well need attention for uses such as part of a new structure which has far as 300 miles away from the nearest 'hospitality storage' for other organisa- brought together marketing and opera- depot. The largest lorry that can safely go tions. He has in hand a programme of tions activities into two regional business 'off the tarmac' on to wet dirt roads holds preventive inspection and maintenance units. Both men have left their desks in no more than 12,000 litres. 'absolutely essential with such old plant'. Marketing Services head, George the Niarobi head office and are sitting As George Luckett prepares to go Chuiri, points out that after carrying a -awt thhee ntertmheinyahlaivneNtiamireobtoi. Sit-in offices load to one of the remote game lodges, it home, at the end of a long and active day, Ebullient and energetic. Titus Wain- is more than likely that a lorry will have two Irish nuns drive up to the installation aina enjoys wearing both operations and to go in for repairs on return, with in a perky little Volkswagen. They have marketing hats. The operations men at broken springs, chassis or axle. And if a been let down by their normal supplier the terminal are now, he says, 'seeing the truck should break down in a game over LPG for the old people's home they whites of the eyes' of the customers for reserve, the driver has to try to get to the run. Is there any possibility of the Shell the first time-with the result. that they nearest radio telephone to alert the people helping out? workshop to rescue him. In all, it is an are appreciating the customer and his expensive exercise, particularly when Yes, but it highlights another of the point of view at all lev.els. As for the to aopperircaet-ecownittrhol_lendarmroawr.keptr.ofit problems-that of regular supplies of certain products. It also illustrates the marketer, he is getting a greater apprecia- having in wacicdeessriabinlitgyeoof tfhecursetgoimonearlsm-anaagnedr. the margins tion of operation problems. 'I find it very stimulating combining Some 350 miles south at Mombasa, 'We are serving remote and often poor communities,' he comments, 'and you at the other major terminal, George sales, operations and flnance, plus a lube have to compromise between your Luckett, manager for the coast area, sees profitability and your services. Business oil blending plant,' says this one-time chemical engineer. 'For the first time I this bringing together of sales and criteria and social criteria impinge on operational people of major importance. feel I really am a businessman.' 'We have broken the barriers between each other.' operations and sales, and to a large After the last of the lorries grinds slowly and noisily out of the terminal, extent finanee as well, he says. there is an uncanny quiet. The sales He has three accountants in the new representatives return after five in the Cr.rrNGro decentralised accounting function. In his evening to do their paperwork. Titus CHEMICALS Wainaina puts on his 'operations' hat view, the new organisation has the advantage ofbeing a challenge to young and walks down to the railway sidings, Forty new bicycles, in separate parts, enjoying his new-found interest in the were unloaded at Uganda's Entebbe men in the small depots-as well as at a in the terminals more senior level th-e skill of the shunters. airport last June. Local workshops put them control of selling, flnding giving customer, ensuring supplies are made The train which has brought the black them together, and they were then taken available, supplying, gathering the oils and diesel fuel from the Mombasa up-country to the Tororo district of money for the sales, and making sure it terminal is returning empty, while the eastern Uganda-along with a up-country train leaves at around 6.30 packs supply gets back to the centre. of hoes, sprayers and of the uinnsieqcutiecidSeheRlilpsccohredm-e as part of a Kenya Shell has the country's most each evening. Nearby are the product aid cotton lines, branching off from the pipeline to widespread marketing organisation, but which pumps all the white products for farmers and sell much-needed pesticides. there are many distribution problems in Selling pesticides to Uganda is just one an area where one is handling relatively the terminal from the multi-owned Shell- of the activities of the Shell Company of small amounts, where roads up-country operated refinery at Mombasa. Eastern Africa, based in Nairobi. are poor, and where one depends on the It is that pipeline that has meant a General manager Roger Cherry's radical change for the Mombasa oil single-track narrow-gauge railway. terminal, just a stone's throw from the responsibilities range also over Tan- zania, the Sudan and Ethiopia plus, for It can take up to four days to get Indian Ocean. Before it was built four products up-country by rail from years ago, all the white oils for Kenya good measure, Zambia, the Seychelles, Nairobi, but if there is any hiccup in the came through Mombasa. Now 90 per Madagascar, Rwanda and Burundi. railway system it could mean 'stock out' These countries' economies are all cent go up to Nairobi through the at depots which have only seven days' pipeline, leaving surplus white oil tank- affected by high import bills for essen- age at Mombasa, awaiting a perhaps tials and by the fact that prices of their storage. If the company is not allotted time by the government-owned railway, 34 .lanuarv 1983 S}{ELL WORLD

principal exports, agricultural products, The two men knew that if they were to MacGregor flew back to London for an initial approach to the Overseas have in real terms fallen, leaving a qell to the small cotton farmers the substantial deficit in their balance of particularly suit- Development Administration. With the ianbsleecftoicridceoRttoipnc,osrdaf-e to use and highly payments. Thus they are relying on close involvement of Shell International rnternational aid agencies, particularly Chemical Company, the project was effective-then cash availability was the ior agricultural improvements. biggest problem to be overcome. They flnally given backing to the tune of half a The Shell Chemicals people are work- devised a complete package for an area million US dollars. SICC then began :ng closely with these agencies. many with 5000 farmers, which included sup- assembling everything that was needed u ith regional offices in Nairobi, and, says plying hoes to prepare the land, sprayers to be flown from the UK to Uganda. and insecticide, the recruitment and 'Rreogreer liCahbelerrys,uhpapvleieprrso,vaedndtheemffsiceilevenst to training of 33 field assistants to give Back in Uganda, the Shell Chemicals at representative, Con Tadria, began advice to the farmers-and a supply of -rrranging training in pesticides use. recruiting field assistants, organising the The development of the cotton indus- bicycles and spares to keep them mobile. detail of the project and handling the .rv in Uganda is just one example. Keith training programme from the Shel1 \\lacGregor, whose job until recently in They first discussed this with some of Chemical point of view. He and a \\airobi was identifying new business the farmers, who were desperate to re- rpportunities, told Shell World how Ministry agricultural offlcer have been establish previous levels of cotton working closely together, along with production and showed overwhelming Shell Chemicals became involved. enthusiasm. They then put the project to local farmers' cooperatives. Assistants in \\icHke and the then agrochemicals adviser the government. An important part of the field are keeping detailed records of May realised that the Ugandan the whole package was the training all aspects ofthe project. programme worked out in association l:.:r\\.ecronmttoennt considered the revitalisation Before he left East Africa. Keith production to be a high with the Ministry of Agriculture. MacGregor visited Uganda last August. :r'iority. This potentral foreign exchange The government approved the project, The tests results of all this work, he says, rrovider earned only five per cent of the so the main remaining problem was to would be at the end of the cotton season :.sure achieved just about ten years ago. find a source of aid to pay for it. Keith in December, when they would be able to see the quaiity of the crops harvested. If everything has gone according to plan, it should develop into a three-year project. 'There is no doubt that this sort of scheme is the way in which business will move in this area,' he says. 'My first interest is the business but at a personal level it is obviously very much more satisfying to see a real benef,t to the end user, the farmer.' Another cotton project of great interest to the company is in the Sudan, the world's second largest cotton- growing area. Shell Chemicals has an eight per cent share in a $55 million contract put out to tender every year, and they hope to increase this share. Like the chemical industry generally, 'i life for Shell in Kenya today is not easy, says Roger Cherry. A lot more time and money is spent on the agrochemical side of the business, which is very 'service- oriented', than on the industrial sector. 'But we are actually making a profit just. We probably have the most com- prehensive range and are one of the lea'dItingissuappslimerasllinmtaherkaerteaa,'nhde says. a small community, and it is our personal contact and service that count. We are one of the few companies to import chemicals in bulk which saves in freight and therefore foreign exchange and this has allowed us to take a leading position.' Back in 1962 Roger Cherry arrived in Kenya to survey the market for industrial product sales and among other things carried out some of the studies which led to the building of the tank farm at the cheHmeicraeltsurinnestdal'slaotmioen at Mombasa. to 18 months ago the third-floor office in Nairobi with its cotton posters and blue-painted doors, ]:s and enjoys the heat of the battle in this dilflcult period of trying to organise the '. ::h the cottctn.farmers in Uganda: adyisers, pesticides-and cycles move in business and make a profit. Whether it's battling for import licences. foreign exchange or customers, this chemist- turned-businessman says, with a definite gleam in his eye, 'When the door opens. you just don't know what problems will come and hit you.' O .:{ELL WORLD./anudry 1 933. 35

AMONG THEIR SOUVENIRS Few oeoole are better oualified to look back nothing unusual to fly a patched-up machine. Fon Croup service in the 'good olcl days' than ln the morning Phillips heard with pleasure Lewis Phillips and his wife Maaike. Lewis joined the company in 1925 and worked that the seaplane had taken of{ safely, but was in Venezuela for nearly 30 eventfulyears. Maaike then utterly dismayed to hear thai it had taken the full complement of passengers with it.'l kept Phillips, whose maiden name was Hessels, was my fingers very firmly crossed until news came the daughter of a Dutch-born refinery superin- back that they had reached Port of Spain tendent working in the Caribbean. without any problems,' he recalls. When, in t6e early 1950s, the old She// Wildlife intruders including crocodiles and Magazine (forerunner of She// World) tried to identify the family which had most members poisonous snakes also provided excitement, but workinB for the Croup, Lewis and Maaike ior the Phillips family the abundant fauna o{ counted 16 who were, or had been, Shell Venezuela was a constant source of pleasure. employees worldwide. One exotic pet Lewis Phillips remembers with Recruitment by the Croup, when he ioined in respect is a giant ant-eater. 'He was certainly the early Twenties, was very informal, Lewis efficient. We never saw an ant while he was Phillips recalls.'As Britain was in recession when I around, and that was very unusual in Venezuela qualified as a motor mechanic in 1925; I asked an durins the drv season.' employment agency about jobs overseas. Th8ir best-ioved pet was a tiger-cat named. 'They sent me to an interview at St Helen's Court, who passed me on to Cinger Smith, the Pancho. Tiger-cats Srow to the size of an Alsatian superintendent of the old Shell Fulham transport depot, for a practical test. lt took only about an dog, and look like a scaled-down version of a hour, but I soon afterwards got.a letter to say I had been accepted for an overseas posting to tiger. ln the wild they are ferocious hunters, but Venezuela. Within weeks I was on a rather slow Pincho was raised in captivity and settled down boat to.Maracaibo.' Accommodation arrangements for expatriate Pioneer riders enter Caracas 1927 Lewis Phillips, Ieft) happily to domestic life. staff in Venezuela were equally informal. 'We The second half went over the mountains, 'He was a fantastic watchdog, alert to the were put up in a good hotel for two weeks, but a tremendously rugged northern extension of slightest sound, and ready to defend his home after that we were on our own, and I made arrangements to stay at a local pension. lt was a the Andes, with peaks rising to over 4000 m, and with a frightening show of aggression,' Lewis bit daunting for a new arrival, but it had one big advantage; il gave me an early opportunity to sheer drops of 1000 m or more from the Phillips recalls. 'ln the evening his favourite perch Bet to know the Venezuelan people, for whom I mountain paths we rode along. was to drape himself aroundmy wife's should'ers.' gained increasing affection as the years went by.' 'We averaged about 100 km a day, which was Crowing fluency in Spanish was helpful when At B0 Lewis Phillips is still the friendliest of good going along dried-up stream beds and men, so it comes as no surprise to hear that he Lewis Phillips and a Dutch colleague, Dirk van dangeroushountain trails with loose rock and sand surfaces. Some of the small villages we had been a leader in expatriate social life der Berg, embarked in January 1927 on an passed through had never seen motor transport before, but we were given a welcome every- throughout his service with Shell companies. He adventure which briefly made them celebrities. where. One of my lasting memories of the trip is 'We both had a couple of weeks leave and of the kindness of countless people who offered had learnt to play the piano and saxophone us any help we might require' decided we would like to do something novel before he left England, so one of his first activities At Maracay, the last town they passed with it, instead of f rittering away the time in such through before reachinB Caracas, the two was to found a dance band when he came to tropical amusements as swimming, shooting and advenlurers were stopped and closely ques- live in Venezuela. fishing. We both bought lndian Prince motor- tioned by a police officer. He must have been impressed by their answers and telephoned Faced with the problems of entertaining a cycles, and set out from Mene Crande to ahead, for a wonderful welcome awaited them growing band of expatriate children, Phillips Caracas, the capital of Venezuela, about -1000 when they reached the outskirts of Caracas. iaught himself conjuring. One of his favourite hazardous kilometres away. They were met by the press and the local 'We were aware that we faced a rough trip. tricks, when he appeared to be sawing his newsreels, and by a squad of molorcycle police There were few roads outside the towns, villages who escorted them around the city with horns colleague Bill Morrison, astounded Venezuelan and oilfields. The first half of our route took us through dense jungle with a full range of wildlife blaring. Nobody had ever made such a long visitors as well as the children, he says. journey across western Venezuela by motor hazards, including jaguars, poisonous snakes and prolngrheisssc.arBeyerthheewtaims meehaenwrheitleiremdaikning.19s5te3adhye boa-constrictors, vampire bats and scorpions. transport before, and President Comez sent a telegram of congratulation, which Lewis Phillips had become operations engineer for the transportation department for the Western still keeps among his souvenirs. Division in Venezuela. By 1929 he had met and married 17-year-old Maaike. He thereafter ceased to pursue adven- Alert and delightful hosts, Mr and Mrs Phillips ture, but it had a habit of pursuing him. now live quietly in a pleasant bungalow at There was, for example, the occasion when a Worthing on the south coast of England. Pan American seaplane with a full load of lf the test of a happy life is enthusiasm to live it passengers and on an early commercial flight over again, Lewis Phillips and his wife pass with flying colours. 'l wouldn't change a moment oJ whai happengd,'he says. O Lewis and $iir: Are you a pensioner with an interestinB story to tell? lf so,5he// World would Iike to hear from you. Maaike Phillipsti I today / s.. S*; of Venezuela. Shell se\"nt out launc6es to take off :t'jl#jfu the passengers and tow the aircraft in, and Lewis * Phill'ips waiasked to try to patch up the plane so that it could be flown to nearby Trinidad and fitted with a new engine. With the wrong spares and equipment and no experience of aircraft engines, he did an emergency repair job and handed the plane back to the crew in the middle of the night. He was seriously concerned about the safety of ligercat Pancho'settled down happily', 1932 the aircraft, but in those pioneer days it was .lanuarr 1983 S}{ELL WORLD





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GERMAN CREEK . BRISBANE ' MF],LBOURNE '



OGHOSTS' ARE HERE TO STAY Filling stations. throughout Europe are acqunng an ever more ghostly appearance as petrol-dispenser automation ar- rives with a significantly success- ful flourish. anCdosnhveeenrieenccoenofomricsculsotormPerors- nrietors and dealers are behind iound-the-clock opening times. now becoming part of everYdaY motoring life in countries like Switzerland. Werner Hofman, automotive lor Shell Switzer- retail mhaansasioer doubt that sell- land. service and unattended stations are an ineradicable facet of the future. 'Public acceptance of automation is growing all the iime.' he says. 'Of course, we are all conservitive: we don't like new things. And inevitably there wsearsviscterocnogncoeppptos. it.io.n\"Itowtoheulsdenlf't- touch those dirty pumps!\" mvoalutemdeougtrloewtsthhardateresdauctePdrimthee initiate an automatic debit to 'But, as with all gadgetrY. in your bank account and a credit the end we accept it, adaPt our stations. That led to the more to the dealer's account. opinions and find we can in fact use the new system to our :ssetnaenrdal introduction ol so-called The system is currently being alone' units which then tested in Norway and Belgium, owri advantage.' but is still expensive because ol Scandinavian countries were supplemented the prime sites' the direct computer link to the the pioneers in this particular By mid-1982. 33 Shell fore- bank, which has to be open all the areabf automation. The Swedes courts out of 400 were opera- time. A cheaper alternative is for introduced self-service earlier tional on a fu1ly automated basis, the bank to update the dealer's computer each night over tht fthlrasntatnoyonheaevlsee. They were the each with an average volume of note-acceptor about 200,000 gallons a Year. The current five-Year Plan aims at a normal telephone lines. machines and to use them com- total of 325 stations bY I 987. I 3 I petitively. Even today, note- 'Such things are inevitable over of them self-service (with shoP acceptors in Sweden often sell and cashier), 150 unattended the next few years,' saYs Werner petrol at a lower price than is magnetic card-reader and/or Hofman. 'It is increasingly riskY to have large amounts of cash at obtainable at other pumps within bank-note acceptors. automatic and the rest conven- sasoline stations. The trend is the same station. at any time. Shell is the market leader with tionally organised. iowards much less cash handling. That has not yet arrived in a fuel share of 14.9 Per cent in Within the next five Years. towards plastic cards and the 1981 and an average throughout Werner Holman foresees the Switzerland: the same price Pre- personal salety they bring. Auto- vails totally at each station. But in of 266,000 gallons a station, more arrival' of a much closer link between banks and the oil com- matic debit will be here in one of the densest gasoline net- than double the industrY average. panies in gasoline sales. A direct Switzerland by 1987. Nothing works in Europe, about 500 of Towards manifestation ol the link: a new 6200 outlets offer self-service the end of 1980 it can stop it. There is no use in unmanned. Here the customer bheacdamselowcleedarththeapt aacuetomoaftisointe workinf against progress and 'debit card' system. developments, and the prepara- closures, while the mounting tions are well under flnds either an individual 'key' price competition frorn auto- As you fill up the car. You insert wav. . . .' O arrangement, the more modern vour card into the disPenser to KAMPONG company, and the issue of sPecial CLEANERS tees[irts. Among the keenest Launching a campaign to 'KeeP oarticioants was the State Chief Port Dickson Clean', some 1000 Mini.tlr. Dato Mohd lsa Bin residents and employees of the Shell Reflning ComPanY of Dato Hiji Abdul Samad, who gave a speech toefeesnhciortu. raagiedmethnetn. Malavsia besan earlY one morn- ing retently io tidy ttre surround- f,onned'his joined in the'working together' ins\"Bvyillans5eoanr,ea1s4. kampongs had -gotong royong (left). been cleared ol tin cans, dis- Effortswere concentrated in 14 small kampong areas currentlY hit carded tyres aqd scraP metal. The bv an epiilemic ol dengue fever. campaign was pronounced a suc- tn tne ngnt against dengue. the cess. and will be repeated. Shell Refining CompanY has also Clean-up day began with a pPuotrtu'pDibcaknsnoenrsaanndd Posters tn breakfast provided bY the Shell distributed 3000 pamphlets in MalaY and English explaining the disease's symptoms and the Preventative meaiures that should be taken.O lanuary 1983 SH&LL WORLD

OLD OIL tion ol it being of a lower quality Talking of flnance . . . it was the subject under discussion when Group managing director and director of Finance, Bill Thomson, made a GETS A than virgin oil. Both types have to recent visit to Saudi Arabia. Here he was pictured in Riyadh with the NEW LIFE conform to the same rigid specifl- Saudi Arabian Minister ol Finance and National Economy, HE Shell Canada's flrst plant for cations before blending. Sheikh Muhammed Ali Aba'l Khail. During Mr Thomson's short trip He is an enthusiast about the to the kingdom he also visited the very new industrial city ofAl Jubail. re-refining used oil will come into Picture by Shell photographer Freddie Mansfle1d. operation this month in Toronto. project. 'To me, re-reflning makes It will produce 10 million gallons dating lrom 1915. The antique DRILLING ol re-rellned oil a year. obvious commercial and environ- OFF CANADA mental sense. Canadian crude is clock which graces the front was 'The project has so far cost The Sedco 709 semi-submersible about Canadian $21 million.' not very suitable for making brought by Dave Fisher lrom drilling rig has begun work off the lubricants. To satisfy market England. Even the name of the sal s business manager Dave re-ref,ning company Canadian east coast of Canada. It arrived demand, oil must be imported or in Halifax, Nova Scotia, last Fisher. 'The flrst $ 1 50,000 of this Oi1-has been recycled. October, from the North Sea went to lease the basic technology Canadian oil upgraded. To The site itself was originally where it was under contract to from Phillips Petroleum. Since then, She1l engineers have been process our indigenous oi1 costs a blending plant belonging to Shell Expro. developing the process and our By last autumn, Shell Canada plant willbe able to re-reflne most four to five times as much as Canadian Oil, a company bought used industrial, commercial and Resources had signed new ex- retail lubricants.' re-reflning used oil, and the end- by Shell Canada in 1963. Dave products are the same. Fisher says: 'We liked the idea of ploration agreements for its The used oil will be purchased either from independent collec- 'More than this, we are taking recycllng an old offlce, an o1d site Nova Scotia shelf and slope tors working across Canada and even an old name for our new some up to 3000 miles from the a waste and potentially dan- company which is founded on the ollshore holdings. alter negotia- tions with the Canadian Oil and plant. In the west, it will be gerous malerial and turning it idea ol making useful products Gas Land Administration and into a safe and useful product.' At from waste material.' O the Nova Scotia government. To collected in depots and taken to Toronto in jumbo rail tank cars, the moment, most used oil is Right: Canaclian Oi.l's restored main which hold up to 25,000 gallons burnt. although burning is a olJice. Le.ft and beloy;: the re-reJinerl: of oil, or collected by the com- totally sale method of disposal site in Cherrt Street, Toronto pany's own network. only in cement kilns or similar Once the oil reaches the plant, lacilities and only when sufficient it is tested in the labs to make sure it is suitable lor re-reflning and is pollution abatement equipment stored in the 12 million gallon has been installed. tank farm. In the process the used Other current ways of disposal oil is'demetallised' and filtered to are perhaps more environment- remove the major inorganic and a1ly suspect. Some oil is used on carbon contaminants. Following cars as undercoating to prevent this the oil is distilled into rust, on pigs' backs and chicken coop floors to combat disease, three diflerent grades of oil and and on roads to suppress dust. then hydrotreated to rebuild the original hydrocarbon molecules. But only a small percentage remains where it has been 'The oil is then like new,' says sprayed; the rest drains into Dave Fisher. 'There is no ques- the land and water systems. 'By re-refining some of the oil, we can prevent it lrom adding to the pollution in our rivers and 1akes,' says Dave Fisher. Restoration has been a con- stant theme running through the construction of the 'new' piant. The olflces have been constructed in a converted bank building SHELL WORLD \"ranuary 1983

fu1fll the terms ol the seven agreements, She1l Canada Re- In 1963 She1l Canada acquired Cattle consortium: A herd o14000 sources and partners are required new holdings and by the end of agreements, She1l and its partners Kimberley Shorthorn and to drill six deep-water wells, in 1977, She1l companies had par- must drill nine wells at a cost o1' water depth up to 2000 m. Shell Brahmin cattle has come under ticipated in a total of 47 wells on Shel1 Australia's wing as a result about Canadian S55l mi11ion. Canada Resources is the operator olits ten percent interest in a new The agreements cover a total ol the programme, to cost about the Nova Scotia shelf. All these were d11 except six. consortium to investigate the of 1.9 million hectares around Canadian $263 mil1ion, with which did not contain enough Sable Island, in water depths Shell Expiorer, Canterra Energy hydrocarbons to be considered development ol bauxite deposits of 50 200m. Shell Canada commercial. Hoirever. seismic in Western Australia. The con- and Norcen Energy Resources as work was subsequently resumed sortium, 1ed by the CRA sub- Resources' major partners are in 1980 and in 1982 the Sedco sidiary Mitchell Plateau Bauxite, Shell Explorer, a Shell Oil Com- major partners. rig contracted to drill the new pany subsidiary, PetroCanada exploration we1ls. has acquired 500,000ha ol the The new wells are the latest in a O Exploration and Sulbath. continent's north-western Kim- To fulfil the terms ol the slope long line of attempts to discover beriey region, including two oil in the waters oflNova Scotia. recently merged catlle stations. 'Although the bauxite deposits The Sedco 709 rig involve only a small part of the off Hali/ur harbour property,' says project manage- ment coordinator Des Fitzgerald, oftr its urrivul in 'we lelt it important to have frova Scotia surface control so that we could minimise potential problems over land use. We plan to keep these properties as long as we have our bauxite interest in the country, and to make this operation profitable. So huge is the property that cattle mustering, which takes place at the end ofthe wet season, this year lasted two months and involved a heli- copter, a light aircralt and ten men on horseback. Canadian figures: She11 Canada's consolidated earnings for the nine months ended last Septem- ber 30 were CAN.$I14 million compared with $210 million for the same period ol 1981. Third quarter earnings were $41 million as against $47 million lor the third quarter of 1981. Resource earnings were higher but the increase was more than olfset by reduced earnings lor oil products and chemicals and by the costs of additional flnancing for the com- pany's investment programme. Jacket arrives: Drilling jacket DP-A, the largest jacket lor the F23 gas fleld, offshore Bintulu, has been launched on location .GREATEST diversification into other indus- the bulk transportation of crude and installed by Sarawak Shell. tries he said that the need for The jacket's arrival had been DANGER' synergy was pre-eminent. Oil oil and products. delayed because its towing barge companies were essentially in the ran aground in the Bay of Lin- The diversiflcation of oi1 com- 'It is in these areas that the gayen. l00km north ol Manila. panies into mining was the energy business, he added. Well in typhoon Faye. F23 uill be the acquainted with heavy engineer- search for synergy must lie.' second gas fleld to be operated subject olan address by Sir Peter ing, they came into the category He emphasised that he held 'no Baxendell. the chairman of The by Sarawak Shell under the \"Shell\" Transport and Trading of extractive industries and were brief for arbitrary conglomerate production-sharing agreement Company, p.1.c., at Imperial well versed in government sen- acquisition. The greatest danger with Petronas. It is expected to College, London. sitivities in this area. of diversification is when it come on stream in mid 1983. When discussing oil company They were also international becomes a form of corporate megalomania a dreadful Meanwhile, offshore Lutong traders and vitally dependent on disease-highly contagious and further north, the large Tukau very often fatal.' O 44 .lanuary )983 SHELL WORLD

there will be strong competition lrom other sectors for that part of the barrel used to make it. Breakthrough: The demonstra- tion coal gasification plant at Harburg, West Germany, has successlully completed its first 1000 hours' continuous produc- tion. This run in particular has shown that no major technologi- cal problems exist. Demonstra- tion tests on other leedstocks and further process and equipment optimisation, will continue. New terminals: The flrst ol two coal export terminals built by Massey Coal Company will be opened this month. The terminals -andatChNaerwlesptoornt. News, Virginia, South Carolina have been built at a combined cost ol some $150 million. They Rima ceremony: The Rima oi1- will be used to ship coal lor export field in South Oman, operated and to Massey's customers up and developed by Petroleum De- and down the US east coast velopment Oman (PDO), was mainly utilities. The Newport olflcially inaugurated by Oman's News terminal can handle 11 deputy prime minister for finan- million tonnes of coal a year; that cial and economic affairs, Quais at Charleston up to two million Abdul Munim al-Zawawi. The Ionnes. Massey Coal Company is ceremony was attend_ed by a partnership between Scallop government ministers and by Coal Corporation and St Joe Group managing director Andre Minerals. i Benard. The fleld, discovered in 1974, is expected to produce an Farmers'friend: Shell Nigeria has initial 40.000 barrels a da1 . rising helped provide two modern mar- to 45,000 by 1984. The produc- ket houses with 32 stalls lor tion lacilities will be used for farmers in south-eastern Niseria -paroldl upctaiortn ol its other oilflelds to be developed in plan to aid iood o and improve market- After o.fficful terentonies at Rimu, LJrc camel raci.ng the area- TKK-A compression deck has priority when awarding grants. for aviation luel in the world, ing techniques in the area. The Sporting sponsorships in ath- been installed. With its installa- excluding Communist countries. communitites of Umuorie and tion, the Tukau lield will see the letics, swimming, tennis, lootball, beginning ofcrude oil production yachting, basketball, gotf and came to 815 million barrels. Umukalu, where the company by 'gas lift'. The 70 feet square concentrate on junior also assisted in the renovation of deck (pictured left) was made at cbroicykseat n-d girls, without, he says, Nearly 99 per cent of all aviation three market houses of 36 stalls, detracting from the company's fuel sold is for jet aircraft and is Johor Bharu by Malaysian Ship- based on kerosine, a sma1l level of are hoping to derelop new varie- demand remains for aviation ties of cassava. plaintain. pine- yard Engineering, MSE. It is the gasoline lor piston-engined .air- apple suckers and yams as well craft. The SBS also states that first compression deck to be major single sporting obligation, as their more traditional occupa- which is support for the Austra- lurther growth in demand lor iet installed ollshore in either Sara- lian Olympic Federation. fuel may pose problems lor re- tions ol fishing and palm wine - wak or neighbouling Sabah. finers at the end ol the 1980s. as US results: Shell Oil Company in resulting from a number of socio- Sports fund: A donation of economic studies carried out by America has reported that it the Nigerian company. O $10,000 has been made by Shell earned $442 million in the third quarter ol 1982 and $1.66 billion Reflning Company ol Malaysia for the first nine months ol thp towards a new sports pavilion, cricket pitch and school bus for year. These figures are down $29 the community of Seremban, million and $76 million from the near the company's Port Dickson respective periods of 1981. 'The headquarters. The donation is declines were due primarily to towards a $160,000 appeal fund lower crude oil prices, lower started three years ago. natural gas demand and produc- tion, and generally lower eco- Sponsorship: Close on one million nomic activity,' said president dollars was given by Shell Aus- John F. Bookout. 'Partially off- tralia during 1982 to community setting were our highest produc- tion rates lor both foreign and activities in education, sport and domestic crude oil in a number of the arts. Grants included years, and record earning lor any 4$50,000 to fund the develop- quarter in oil products.' ment of Aboriginal teacher education programmes in Ade- In the air: Sales of aviation fuel laide and another A$2,500 to help account for five per cent of the Three generations of a MalaysianJamily celebrated their 50 years in the world's oil industry output, ac- molor service industry at a double ceremony in Kuala Lumpur. The Chooi four young Australian play- wrights in Melbourne. Com- munity relations manager Bill Tredinnick says the company cording to the latest Shell Brieflng family n'rarked their'annivarsar)) oI thc opening oJ Shetl Mataysia's.first Auto Servicentre in the area and protided a golden jubilee cake, a gives young people a high Service publication, Fuelling colourJil lion dance and a performance of'Chinese opera. O Aviation.In 1981, it says, demand SHELL WORLD Januarv 1983 45

SOME PEOPLE PREFER STAMP COLLECTINC OR women is surprisingly popular. For one thing, composites, a job which involves visiting listening to classical music . . . but spare time for Robin Miller is spent hang ng at odd angles from the outfits do not appear to be uniforms as such: construction sites. Often needing to clamber around on scaffolding, Carmenita demurely the rockfaces of Australia. they simply look Iike stylish clothes. ln the picture he is climbing an overhanging chooses to wear trousers instead. From the girls' point of view, the scheme is a 'roof' at Mount Arapiles in the state of Victoria, OIL WAS NEVER MORE THE STUFF OF THE distinct money-saver. AIso, it spares them the moment than in America of the 1860s, when, as with a 30 m drop below. 'Not necessarily a the early strikes gushed forth their black gold, difficult feat,'says this climber of 10 years' early morning imponderable of having to decide the bonanza was feted in songs, plays and verse. Topical tunes ranged from 'The Petroleum experience. With a modesty that seems formid- what to wear. Callop' to 'Pa has struct lle', which became a hit able, he adds: 'Climbing a \"roof\" with big holds when published in Philadelphia in 1865. can be easier than a slab with no holds.' One of the first women to opt out of the scheme in this case on purely practical At least two oil plays drew packed audiences Robin moved from the UK to Australia only a grounds is Carmenita Abaya. She is Pilipinas and rave reviews. The first, called Ihe Amateur Shell's first woman sales representative f or Millionaire or What Came ol An Oil Strike, was year ago, but has already sampled many published by the Young Men's Literary Asso- ciation of Warren (Pennsylvania) in 1869 and rockfaces in Tasmania, South Australia and New played throughout the oil territories. From its South Wales, as well as in Victoria, where he debut in New York, Struck Oil was taken to is based at Shell Australia's head office in principal cities throughout North America, the Melbourne as a mining engineer, Resources. United Kingdom, lndia and Australia, with more He told their Shell Times newspaper recently than 1000 performances notched up by 1877. that, for him, 'risk is the paramount element in Poets, too, seem to have gushed forth in time climbing . . . there is a big satisfaction coming with the oil. Among the best-known poems of from danger but at the same time being under this heady era was'The Bore of the Oil Brigade', a no-apologies parody of Tennyson's 'Charge of control and ensuring a safe outcome. 'l would not call myself a good climber-just a the Light Brigade'. lt first appeared in a keen climber . . . my particular forte is climbing Pennsylvania newspaper, The Erie Weekly solo, without the usual protection of ropes and Dispatch, in ianuary .1865. other equipment.' A WOMAN WELL VERSED IN THE WAYS OF THERE ARE FAMILIAR PHRASES IN EVERY Shell managers throughout South-East Asia is language which most people use without Patsy de Leon, the super-secretary who runs training workshops for Shell company secre- thinking. But if the phrase has to be adapted and taries throughout the territory. translated, there can be problems. From her home base in Manila (where she is One Singaporean, explaining his problems in executive secretary to Pilipinas Shell president, Cesar Buenaventura), Patsy has taken her translation to a Shell training course, pointed out that the western expression, 'Don't cast your pearls before swine' would lose its impact for Malay readers. An expression more appropriate in South-East Asia, and which gave the same meaning, was, 'Like a monkey with a flower'. Another English idiom, 'Killing two birds with one stone' has a parallel in, 'Killing two birds with one arrow' in Chinese. But in translating for Buddhist lndians, the better translation would be, 'Hitting two fruits with one stone'. EASY TO CHECK THE DAY OF THE WEEK IN Shell company offices all over the Philippines you:imply nole what the nomen are wearing. For they change into different ensembles from day to day. A white blouse with a green skirt is rvorn on Monday; a brown blouse with matching beige sl<irt on Tuesday; an embroidered light chocolate brown dress on Wednesday; and a maroon blouse with grey skirt and blazer on Thursday. Friday is freedom-of-choice day, with the girls wearing whatever colours and outfits they like. The new dress-of-the-day system-brought in after careful selection by a committee of Shell ZAK MBORI IS ANOTHER BUSINESSMAN WITH AN UNUSUAL AND CHALLENCINC SPARE-TIME pursuit, for he is chairman of one of Kenya's top football clubs. Personnel and Administration manager with Kenya Shell, Zak is a former playcr himself and well known among soccer enthusiasts for his qualities of leadership and commitment to the game. His Cor Mahia club-named after a famous warrior hero is an amateur one, like all the football clubs in Kenya. With more than 3000 members, it has 36 part-time players, 24 officials and enthusiastic countrywide support. ln the first part of the season Cor Mahia came out on top, but hopes for a winning season were dashed when a road collision put several players in hospitdl. Despite thii setback the team finished second in the league and will, together with the champions, be rep.Mreesaennwtihnigie,Kenya in games throughout Africa during 1983. \\ /ith wide experience of motivating Zak Mbori is already looking ahead to next season. people, he says that the most challenging aspect ot running a soccer club is man mana8ement. 'Players are very difficult people,' he says, and they need a lot of personal attention.' O .lanuan 1983 SIIELL WORLD ':,;8e

crogramme to Singapore, Bangkok, APPOINTMENTS K. I, BEYNON Croup Research, ;rnd Brunei over the past three years, R. J. ALFORD Research Planning and manager, lnformation and - '- ,chooling girls in Manila itself. Computing Services, Shell Administration, SIPC, to South Africa, to head, directoi, Administration ' : nphasis in her courses is on demon- lnformation and Services, Sittingbourne - -. to would-be secretaries how they Computing Services, SIPC. Research Centre. ::. c op their own resourcefulness. Certainly T. W, CAIN T. DELFCAAUW director, Personnel and commercial manaSer to --r.t learn how to help the boss, without Administration, Shell UK, general manager, Shell to director, Personnel and Onroerend Coed. :-,:--.-,':, -rq to have every last detail spelled out. But, Public Affairs, Shell believes, there is often scope for the well- Company of Australia. -- -,rrned secretary to take the initiative herself. ?atsy, who is married with five children, will be r the receiving end next time. Voted 'the most rtstanding secretary of 19Bf in a Philippines . rntest, she has been entered for a middle -'anagemen course. ln Manila, Cesar Buena- . +ntura view, this development with feigned . arm: 'Will she forget how to type?' esar Buenaventura:'Will she lorget. . .?' J. N. ROURKE H. R. SPATSCHEK UK Taxation and manager, Exploration and JCHOOLS THROUCHOUT THE UK WILL Corporate Structure Production, Turkse Shell, Division, adviser to SIPC, to deputy general re receiving copies of the She// World calendar SICC and Shell UK, manaser, Shell Cabon. ,vhich is our central fold-out in this issue. Shell Exploration and -K's Schools Education Service will distribute Production, Croup i0,000 copies of the calendar with their next Finance, to head, UK Taxation and Corporate Education Newsletter. Structurq Croup Finance, SIPC. The Education Service has a distant and cerhaps little-known link with Britain's Poet C. D. SWAINE Laureate and pioneer conservationist John head, UK Taxation and Corporate Structure, Betjeman. Back in the 1930s, when he worked in Croup Finance, to head, Shell-Mex and BP's publicity department, he Croup Taxation and conceived the idea of publishing Shell Country Corporate Structure, Culdes for the UK (which are still going strong, Croup Finance, SIPC. ncidentally). RETIREMENTS N. W. D. DEWDNEY From this softer approach to oil company general manager, Shell ltalia. J. P, L. L. LACRON promotion, advertising and publicity based on head, Technology, Development and Safety natural history and the environment appeared, Division, Natural Cas coordinator, SIPC. K. W. IACER especially from the 1950s. All this led to head. Croup Toxicology, SIPM. the formation of Shell UK's Schools Education Shell companies have their own separate identities but in this magazine the collective expressions Shell'and'Group' aod'Royal Dutchi Shell Service, as requests for wall charts, calendars Group of Companies' are sometimes used for convenience in contexts where reference is made to the companies of the 'Royai DutchiShell and book illustrations flooded in. Croupirgeneral.fho:eerpres.ron.aredl.uu.edqhflenou.elulpurpo.ei..er\\edb\\idenrif\\ircrheoarticularcompanrorcompanie..S/r.// Uru'lj '. piblrshed erer) .e!cn see[. r I 80f, f,er yea r tirr .rnplovecl ot'. ompanie. in rfie Ro1 a, Dirr.h Shelt Group and pirnled in'Engl\"nd b]' This year the service will be 27 years old. lt Jarrold and Sons Ltd. ISSN: 0308-041 2. receives around 15,000 requests annually for nraterial. About two-thirds of them come from 47 teachers, the rest from individuals ranging from primary school ( hildren to pensioners. Patricia Jarvis, in charge of the service, welcomes so many genuine and unsolicited inquiries for information. She also gets a smile a day in the postbag. One seven-year-old wrote recently for a supply of stlnkers. It was agreed that he probably meant stlckers. . . . IF YOU WOULD LIKE AN EXTRA COPY OF THE Shell World Calendar printed in the centre of this ssue, please contact your nearest Shell World correspondent with the request. A list of correspondents is on page 2. Mailings will be sent in bulk from PAl/51 at Shell Centre, London. An extra 2000 copies have been printed, and will be available on a first-come, first-served, basis. SHELL WORLD \"/anuarv 1983



MARCH 1983 #ffi* w , i:\"iii!:'i.i.{l:i ,@ir t'li!#.i{' li 3:: lnl: :r. ..r :::r,Ersi ;:.:r:.1.:irl ::iji_::l;,19. OMAN OOKSTOTHEFUTURE