Atlas 2018 Eng

Green coffeeWorld ranking Mexico 11 2017 Mexican coffee plantations contribute 2012-2017 Foreign trade th world one out of every fifty tonnes of the seed 10 2012 producer produced in the orb. Variation (%) 2012-2017 th world Brazil allocates around 2 million hectares producer 835,380 tonnes to the cultivation of coffee; this area Imports Exports Trade balance Imports Exports generates a third of the grain harvested in 1,336,882 tonnes the world. Votlounmnees 25,130 110,968 85,838 647 -25.22012-2017 Foreign trade Value 57 383 326 550 -68.2 million USDThe Mexican harvest of coffee cherry during the 2016-2017 coffee year allowed for an increase inexports of green coffee, which reached 110,968 tonnes and a commercial value of 383 million USD Increase Decreaseduring 2017.Commercial origin-destinationIn 2017, the country made sales of green coffee to 42 nations; one more than in 2012. The UnitedStates and Belgium stand out as the main destinations of this Mexican product: 58,305 and 19,124tonnes, respectively. 202,257,682* BeBélglgiicuam From the 15 largest coffee USA SEsppaañina importing countries, 13 acquire the Mexican grain. The other two, Algeria and Sweden, represent potential markets for its sale.* USD Buyer Main Supplier Importer and Exporter Adequate geographical characteristics for the production of coffee cherry(Mexican exports) (Mexican imports) Altitude Rain Temperature EdaphologyForeign trade evolution (million USD) 600 to 1,600 1,000 to 3,000 17 to 23 °C More than one meter in depth, from clay to 1,205 MASL mm clay-loamy texture, pH of 4.5 - 7.0 584 500 394 383 Coffee is a very demanding crop in terms of environmental 288 389 298 conditions; that is why the largest production is derived from areas that actually have the adequate environment for the development of the plant.162 3150.2 0.6 2 1.6 8.8 33.4 100 97.8 116.9 57 Exports2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 ImportsMonthly distribution of foreign trade (%) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecImports 7.3 6.4 11.1 3.0 10.7 4.7 6.0 10.4 5.3 17.0 12.5 5.6Exports 7.0 5.8 9.2 8.5 11.3 11.4 7.6 9.4 6.8 7.9 7.4 7.7 Coffee cherry production potential 49

ZucchiniDuring the 2012-2017 period, production grew at an averageannual rate of 4.7%. In the last year, it reached its historicalmaximum due to a higher yield. 2012-2017 National production volume TTernednendcia Percentage of the production value by state (thousand tonnes) 502 Sonora550 45.3 APrvoemreadigo e275 Sonora gets almost 500 million 451 MXN for the sale of zucchini; this represents 45.3% of the total value of Mexican production.4312008 2009 2010 20101 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 464 445 Sinaloa 387 6.9 437 399Top 10 in production volume Puebla 441Main producing states 8.6 457Rank State 502Volume (tonnes) Variation (%) 550 2012-2017 National total Variations %2012 2017 1 Sonora 26.0 2 Puebla 436,947 550,410 79.6 3 Sinaloa 31.3 4 Michoacan 100,552 180,585 -29.3 5 Hidalgo 0.03 6 Zacatecas 47,253 62,053 76.7 7 Jalisco 50.7 8 Morelos 72,199 51,022 18.1 9 Yucatan -11.3 10 Estado de Mexico 39,817 39,828 21.0 Zucchini is known as “zapallito” in Paraguay, Argentina -7.3 and Uruguay; “calabacin” in Spain and Venezuela, and Rest 18,632 32,919 19.3 “zapallo italiano” in Chile. 16,323 24,597 18,142 21,426 21,224 18,822 11,912 14,420 Share in the national production of vegetables 13,997 12,978 2012-2017 Indicators 100% 76,896 91,761 3.5% 3.4% Annual per capita consumption Area Volume Value Yield Average rural price 2012 2017 Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million Tonnes MXN Thousand hectares tonnes MXN / hectare / tonne 550 29 1 29 3,244 19.2 5,894 1.6 kg1.5 1.7 Annual 3.3 55.8 2.4 9.6 28.3 7.0 17.1 2016-2017 1.6 -8.5 2.0 4.7 9.9 2.7 4.9 AAGR 2012-2017 Decrease IncreaseNational monthly production (%) Mostly available Moderately availableThe national harvest of the vegetable is constant throughout the year. 8.8 13.1 11.4 10.4 7.7 5.4 7.3 6.7 6.2 9.1 6.5 7.4 January February March April May June July August September October November December50

ZucchiniWorld ranking Mexico 6 2017 One of every 40 kilograms of this vegetable 2012-2017 Foreign trade th world obtained annually in the world is harvested 6 2012 producer in the Mexican countryside. Variation (%) 2012-2017 th world The volume from China represents one producer 550,410 tonnes third of the harvest of this vegetable Imports Exports Trade balance Imports Exports among the nations with the crop. 436,947 tonnes Votlounmnees 1,634 513,197 511,563 22.6 33.92012-2017 Foreign trade Value 1.3 169 167.7 49.6 46.3 million USDThis vegetable is among the most exported Mexican agri-food products. In the foreign trade,zucchini and pumpkins are equally important. IncreaseCommercial origin-destination Global imports of this vegetable amount to 1.4 million annual96.1% of the export value of this vegetable corresponds to the expenditures made by the tonnes. Among the nations thatUnited States for its acquisition. Foreign sales in 2012 were made to five countries, and in make the largest acquisitions,2017, the product was sold to eight. the Netherlands is emerging as a prospect for Mexican commerce. CCaannaadáda JJaappónan 161,908,277* USA* USD Adequate geographical characteristics for the production Buyer Main Supplier Importer and Exporter Altitude Rain Temperature Edaphology (Mexican exports) (Mexican imports) 0 to 1,000 300 to 1,200 6 to 40 °C Soil of medium to heavy texture, requires medium MASL mm depth, pH of 4.3 - 8.3Foreign trade evolution (million USD) 169 Zucchini production is distributed in several parts of the country, 153 177 although there are areas with high 128 139 production potential that are not 81.7 82.2 92.8 100 115 being used, as is mainly the case of Tamaulipas and Veracruz.0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.2 2.1 1.3 Exports Imports2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecImports 10.3 3.5 3.0 0.1 0.2 1.3 5.2 15.0 41.0 13.1 5.0 2.3Exports 11.1 11.1 10.6 11.6 11.0 4.1 2.1 1.7 1.7 9.1 13.0 12.9 Zucchini production potential 51

SugarcaneIn the last three years, production has grown slightly as a result of higheryields. The volume of the 2016-2017 harvest was 508,000 tonnes largerthan that of 2015-2016. 2012-2017 National production volume Percentage of the production value by state (thousand tonnes) Ternednendcia The sugarcane activity takes place70000 in 16 states of the country; among35000 59,177 them, Veracruz, which has the largest area, and therefore generates the APrvomereadigo e most significant volume of cane, which in 2017 generated 13.493 53,761 billion MXN for its sale.51,091 San Luis Potosi 48,764 7.7 50,422 49,735 50,946 61,182 56,673 55,396 56,447 56,9552008 2009 2010 20101 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017Top 10 in production volume Jalisco VeracruzMain producing states 13.5 35.1Rank State Volume (tonnes) Variation (%) Bagasse, which serves as a natural fertilizer due to its 2012-2017 high content of simple sugars, minerals and fiber, is National total 2012 2017 obtained from the industrialization of sugarcane. 1 Veracruz 11.8 2 Jalisco 50,946,483 56,954,993 16.6 2012-2017 Indicators 3 San Luis Potosi 18.9 4 Oaxaca 18,111,886 21,116,194 83.3 5 Tamaulipas 8.2 6 Chiapas 6,254,590 7,439,307 -14.7 7 Nayarit 3.9 8 Tabasco 2,529,479 4,636,468 19.6 9 Morelos 37.8 10 Puebla 3,482,394 3,768,444 5.7 -0.9 Rest 3,571,398 3,047,552 -21.2 2,819,452 2,930,695 2,247,621 2,687,865 1,780,551 2,453,374 1,927,703 2,037,144 1,777,497 1,761,494 6,443,913 5,076,456 Share in the national production of agroindustrials Area Volume Value Yield Average rural price 100% Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million Tonnes MXN Thousand hectares tonnes MXN / hectare / tonne 56,955 836 NA 772 38,412 73.8 674 AnnualVariations %-1.5 NA -1.2 0.9 23.9 2.1 22.8 89.9% 90.0% 2016-2017 1.5 NA 1.0 2.3 2.6 1.3 0.3 2012 2017 AAGR Does not apply Decrease Increase 2012-2017 Mostly available Moderately available Least or not availableNational monthly production (%)In its Mexican harvest, sugarcane cutting activities begin in October and continue until July. 17.3 20.7 17.1 13.5 10.8 5.7 2.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.2 9.4 January February March April May June July August September October November December52

SugarcaneWorld ranking Mexico 7 2017 The volume obtained in the Mexican sugar 2012-2017 Foreign trade th world mills allows the country to stand out among 9 2012 producer the 10 leading sugarcane producing nations. Variation (%) 2012-2017 th world Brazil, main producer of the sweetener, producer 5,918,729 tonnes generates one fifth of the world total. Imports Exports Trade balance Imports Exports 5,048,469 tonnes thousanVdotlounmnees 120,045 1,118,717 998,672 -65.1 12.2 Value2012-2017 Foreign trade 77 665 588 -71.8 -19.2 million USDThe price level at which the sweetener is offered in the international market has a direct impact on thequantities that Mexico sells abroad. In 2017, the country imported 120,000 tonnes and exported Increase Decrease1.119 million. Indonesia and BangladeshCommercial origin-destination are among the countries that import significant amounts ofMexican international sugarcane trade is mainly carried out with the United States. In 2017, Mexico acquired this sweetener, they appear41,000 tonnes from that country and supplied it with 942,000. Between 2012 and 2017, the number of as possible destinations forcountries of origin of the imported sugar went from 30 to 39, and export destinations from 19 to 24. this Mexican agroindustrial. CaCannaaddáa 579,216,791* USA Venezuela* USD Buyer Main Supplier Importer and Exporter Adequate geographical characteristics for the production(Mexican exports) (Mexican imports) Altitude Rain Temperature EdaphologyForeign trade evolution (million USD) 0 to 600 1,400 to 2,000 24 to 37 °C Very heavy clayey soils in sandy terrains; 1,212 1,304 MASL mm 50 cm deep, pH of 4.5 - 8.5 907 807 Sugarcane production and areas with potential match in 823 724 665 a high percentage; however, 683 in Guerrero there are favorable regions to produce this crop 508 as well.403 325 327 283 27192 134 87 84 53 77 Exports Imports2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecImports 5.6 5.5 6.5 4.5 4.1 4.5 7.4 13.1 6.9 28.3 8.1 5.5Exports 12.0 10.7 6.9 18.3 17.4 4.9 6.0 4.0 13.1 0.8 1.7 4.2 Sugarcane production potential 53

UNMANNED AERIAL SYSTEMS:precision farmingThe SIAP, through Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS), performs visual and digital analysis with a highprecision level (less than 0.3 cm) of the agricultural coverage in Mexico. Visual interpretation It allows the monitoring of agricultural areas Flights are made when the crop is in the owering or fruiting stage Estimation of yields of the main crop, March 2, What and how much is being sowed 2017. Cajeme, Sonora As in the agri-food diversity, there are also di erent sizes of parcels on which the How much yeild agricultural activity is carried out. Based on the ights made, the plots of the is estimated? northern area of Mexico have an average surface of 2.4 hectares, while in the central area it is 1.1 hectares. Yield estimation Based on the NDVI and the yield reported in the Agricultural Web of the SIAP, the yield of maize grain and wheat grain in the phenological stage of owering or fruiting is estimated at the plot level. Identification of agricultural coverage, June 22, 2016, Almoloya de Juarez, MexicoAverage NDVI Spring-Summer Fall-Winter Average yield (ton/ha) What vigor does Vigor of the agricultural coverage, March 7, 2017. Valle the crop have? de Santiago, Guanajuato NDVI of wheat grain NDVI of maize grain Yield (ton/ha)The SIAP makes available the analyzes carried out in di erent agricultural areas of the country: http://cmgs.gob.mx:82/uavSource: SIAP. 54

MEXICO RECEIVING STATIONPermanent monitoring of the Mexican territory Joint project with It is the only 100% working ground station SAGARPA, through for direct reception in the country. There are 26 the SIAP, and the similar ones in the world. Secretariat of National With a reception radius of 2,500 km it covers the Defense (SEDENA). entire national territory including islands, as well as the southern United States, part of the Caribbean and evenIt is where the satellite images of theSPOT constellation that are acquired from northern Colombia.the national territory are managed. A mosaic of the entire national territory is created. Currently, there are 14 of them, of which, the six most recent are in Web Map Service (WMS).Each year, 70 thousand akes are processed on They also take 2 or 3 shots in a row during the same course, from the same site, which areaverage. used for the generation of digital models of the terrain (MDT).This material has a spacial resolution of up to 1.5 m and 4 spectral bands This input is used for the estimation of the agricultural surface, agricultural frontier, the(blue, green, red and near infrared). evaluation of the PROAGRO, registers, agricultural surveys, impacts byImages acquired by the meteorites in the infrastructure,civil protection and national security, SPOT 6 and 7 satellites among many others. are received. SPOT 6 SPOT 7 Source: SIAP-ERMEX. 55

Safflower Sonora contributed 45.2% of the more than 70,000 tonnes Percentage of the production value by state that were harvested in the 2017 agricultural year. Sonora 2012-2017 National production volume 53.1 (thousand tonnes) The safflower sale of the 2017300 harvest generated an income of 394 million MXN; half of that TTernednendcia economic flow corresponds to150 125 Sonoran farmers. APrvoemreadigo e 121962008 2009 2010 20101 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 77 97Top 10 in production volume Sinaloa 131Main producing states 15.1 257 92Rank StateVolume (tonnes) Variation (%) Jalisco 144 2012-2017 14.3 126National total2012 2017 The composition of the oleaginous achene that 1221 Sonora -72.7 grows in safflower plants is: 60% seed and the 702 Jalisco257,45170,387 -75.7 remaining 40% husk. Variations %3 Sinaloa357 4 Tamaulipas 131,142 31,839 -89.7 2012-2017 Indicators 5 Michoacan 434 6 Baja California 3,059 13,981 -39.3 7 Baja California Sur 422 8 Coahuila 111,401 11,500 -81.3 9 Durango 288 10 San Luis Potosi 1,199 6,406 NA Rest 6,343 3,851 -100 -100 340 1,774 3,179 593 110 427 0 16 140 0 538 0 Share in the national production of oilseeds Area Volume Value Yield Average rural price 100% Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million Tonnes MXN Thousand hectares tonnes MXN / hectare / tonne Annual 47 2 45 70 394 1.6 5,601 38.6% 10.5% 2016-2017 -30.3 58.5 -31.6 -42.2 -46.9 -15.5 -8.2 AAGR -23.6 -23.5 -23.6 -22.8 -24.0 1.0 -1.5 2012-2017 Decrease Increase 2012 2017National monthly production (%) Mostly available Moderately available Least or not availableThe harvest period of this grain takes place between April and September, but the largest harvest is obtained in July. 0.1 0.0 0.0 8.7 23.8 24.3 40.0 1.9 1.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 January February March April May June July August September October November December56

SafflowerWorld ranking Mexico 3 2017 Mexican farmers contribute one out 2012-2017 Foreign trade rd world of every ten tonnes of safflower seed 1 2012 producer generated globally. Variation (%) 2012-2017 st world Of the 948,000 tonnes of safflower that producer 70,387 tonnes all the producing countries harvest every Imports Exports Trade balance Imports Exports year, Russia contributes 30.2%. 257,451 tonnes Votlounmnees 20 3 Value 34 1 -17 -99.9 -99.82012-2017 Foreign trade thousand USD -33 -99.4 -99.8Mexico has a production level of this oilseed that successfully meets domestic demand. This said,  Decreasenational foreign trade is not significant.Commercial origin-destinationThe small volume of international trade of this seed was carried out with the United States, to whichoccasional purchases are made. 1,460* USA Turkey and China are the largest importers of this oilseed; in 2017, they acquired 92,000 and 38,000 tonnes, respectively.* USD Buyer Main Supplier Importer and Exporter(Mexican exports) (Mexican imports)Foreign trade evolution (thousand USD) Adequate geographical characteristics for the production17,481 Altitude Rain Temperature Edaphology 10 to 2,000 300 to 500 15 to 20 °C Medium-texture deep soils, MASL mm pH of 6.0 - 8.0 11,911 Most of the production of this oilseed comes from areas of high 6,187 production potential, although there are areas in Coahuila, Chihuahua and Nuevo Leon with the same conditions that are not currently used.3,518 1,831 533 215 93 34 34 0 155 3 3 1 917 216 3 0 0 Exports2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 ImportsMonthly distribution of foreign trade (%) Safflower production potential Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecImports 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0Exports 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 57

Barley grain Percentage of the production value by state The volume of barley in 2017 exceeded the harvest of the previous year by 3%, The national harvest of barley grain derived from the use of a greater sowing area (27,000 hectares) for the crop. in 2017 recorded an amount of 4.251 billion MXN for its sale, of which 2012-2017 National production volume 1.567 correspond to the sale of the (thousand tonnes) volume generated in the leading state: Guanajuato. Tern9ed7ne2ndcia APrvoemreadigo e 7657812008 2009 2010 20101 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 519 672 Guanajuato Hidalgo 487 36.9 22.5 1,032 594Top 10 in production volume Tlaxcala 846Main producing states 8.9 735 978Rank StateVolume (tonnes) Variation (%) 1,008 2012-2017 Variations %National total2012 2017 1 Guanajuato -2.3 2 Hidalgo 1,031,533 1,008,158 -15.1 3 Tlaxcala 4 Puebla 435,092 369,177 1.1 5 Estado de Mexico -46.6 6 Zacatecas 237,773 240,283 7 Queretaro 9.9 8 Durango 163,679 87,352 -16.2 9 Michoacan 1,228 10 Jalisco 76,970 84,615 24.9 Pearled barley is obtained by removing the hull and bran; 1,511 these processes are carried out to facilitate its digestion and Rest 60,639 50,836 170 give it a pleasant appearance. 131 3,707 49,224 207 2012-2017 Indicators 32,294 40,344 2,174 35,025 9,444 25,522 Share in the national production of agroindustrials 5,488 12,680 100% 4,274 13,101 Area Volume Value Yield Average rural price Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million Tonnes MXN Thousand hectares tonnes MXN / hectare / tonne 1,008 361 7 355 4,251 2.8 4,216 Annual 8.1 48.4 7.6 3.0 3.4 -4.2 0.4 1.8% 1.6% 2016-2017 1.5 -2.4 1.6 -0.5 1.5 -2.0 2.0 2012 2017 AAGR 2012-2017 Decrease IncreaseNational monthly production (%) Mostly available Least or not availableThe highest volumes of this cereal are harvested in the April-May and October-December period. 3.1 0.5 0.1 11.5 19.4 3.7 0.2 0.1 1.1 14.4 35.0 10.9 January February March April May June July August September October November December58

Barley grainWorld ranking Mexico 27 2017 Mexico has a higher yield per hectare 2012-2017 Foreign trade th world in this cereal crop than the leading 26 2012 producer producing country. Variation (%) 2012-2017 th world Russia is the main producer of barley producer 1,008,158 tonnes grain; it contributes 12.7% of the 141 Imports Exports Trade balance Imports Exports million tonnes harvested in the world. 1,031,533 tonnes Votlounmnees 456 2 Value 287 3 -455 -99.4 -992012 - 2017 Foreign trade thousand USD -284 -98.9 -94.8Mexico is the main exporter of beer; agroindustrial that entails the transformation of barley Decreasegrain. The current level of national production of this cereal is enough to cover domesticdemand.Commercial origin-destinationIn 2012, the country exported barley grain to three nations and imported it from four. Six yearslater, the number for each commercial operation is two and five, respectively. The foreign trade ofthis agricultural good with the United States is the most significant due to the volume involved. 3,399* China is the country that acquires USA the most barley from abroad. In 2017, their imported volume reached 8.863 million tonnes. Venezuela* USD Buyer Main Supplier Importer and Exporter Adequate geographical characteristics for the production(Mexican exports) (Mexican imports) Altitude Rain Temperature EdaphologyForeign trade evolution (thousand USD) 1,800 to 3,000 400 to 600 3 to 30 °C Shallow, stony and well-drained soils, MASL mm pH of 6.0 - 8.564,307 48,647 The western, central and north-central regions of Mexico 30,143 26,092 28,072 have the best conditions for the development of the crop, 21,722 20,172 which agrees with the states that provide the greatest 287 production. 13 14,305 15,1180.0003 31 41 3 65 0 376 0.01 Exports Imports2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecImports 7.9 0.1 1.1 0.5 23.0 12.1 1.3 0.2 30.1 0.1 19.6 4.0Exports 0.0 0.0 0.0 34.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 33.3 0.2 17.9 13.6 0.0 Barley grain production potential 59

Onion Onion production registered an average annual increase of 5.5% in the 2012-2017 period, as a result of a greater planted area and better harvest yields. 2012-2017 National production volume Percentage of the production value by state (thousand tonnes) Ternednendcia Baja California Chihuahua In the country, Baja1600 22.8 12.8 California leads the 1,631 cultivation of onion by the value generated from its APrvoemreadigo e sale: in 2017, it registered 1.85 billion MXN. 1,376800 2008 2009 2010 20101 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 20171,246 Guanajuato 1,196 14.2 1,266 Top 10 in production volume1,399 Main producing states 1,239 1,270 Rank State 1,368Volume (tonnes) Variation (%) 1,519 2012-2017 National total 1,6352012 2017 1 Chihuahua 1,620 30.8 2 Guanajuato Variations %1,238,602 1,620,31853.0 3 Zacatecas 109 4 Tamaulipas 206,044 315,234 12.7 5 Michoacan 65.9 6 Baja California 96,192 201,271 -14.3 7 Puebla -27.3 8 San Luis Potosi 162,204 182,803 68.7 9 Morelos 4.5 10 Sonora 103,640 171,936 1.3 In the Central Markets of Supplies, red onion is, on 73.2 average, three MXN more expensive than white, Rest 155,108 132,980 68.0 and four MXN more costly than Spring onion. 166,894 121,264 2012-2017 Indicators 59,916 101,060 71,886 75,148 70,945 71,854 Share in the national production of vegetables 37,060 64,172 100% 108,712 182,596 Annual per capita consumption Area Volume Value Yield Average rural price 10.5 kg10.4 10.6 Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million /Thoencntaerse / MtoXnNne tonnes MXN Thousand hectares 8,119 52 0.4 52 1,620 31.4 5,010 3.1 Annual -0.8 -56.1 0.3 -0.9 14.0 -1.2 4.1 2016-2017 1.5 8.0 3.3 -24.7 3.9 5.5 10.0% 10.0% AAGR 2012-2017 Decrease Increase 2012 2017 National monthly production (%) Mostly available Moderately available Least or not available The harvest of this vegetable throughout the year allows a steady domestic supply month to month. 7.7 7.7 9.1 9.1 10.2 9.1 7.8 11.0 9.0 7.7 7.1 4.5 January February March April May June July August September October November December 60

OnionWorld ranking Mexico 10 2017 In the world, one out of every 50 tonnes 2012-2017 Foreign trade th world of this spicy bulb is obtained from 13 2012 producer Mexican fields. Variation (%) 2012-2017 th world The volume generated by farmers in producer 1,620,318 tonnes China allows this country to stand out Imports Exports Trade balance Imports Exports as the main producer of this vegetable 1,238,602 tonnes in the world. Votlounmnees 96,909 423,168 326,259 172 20.62012-2017 Foreign trade Value 54.5 233 178.5 194 49.8 million USDAnother Mexican vegetable with significant presence in international markets is onion. Nationalagricultural productivity makes it possible to harvest enough volume to export. IncreaseCommercial origin-destinationThe favorable behavior of Mexican exports of this vegetable is reflected in the number ofdestinations for its sale: 20 countries in 2017, versus 16 in 2012. The US market acquired 94.4% ofthe national exportable crop supply. 225,U86S3A,310* The United States and Malaysia are the largest fresh onion importers; Guatemala in 2017, they acquired 550,000 El Salvador and 582,000 tonnes, respectively. Germany leads foreign purchases of the processed vegetable.* USD Buyer Main Supplier Importer and Exporter(Mexican exports) (Mexican imports) 233Foreign trade evolution (million USD) Adequate geographical characteristics for the production 231 Altitude Rain Temperature Edaphology 0 to 2,800 350 to 600 15 to 22 °C Soils of light to medium texture; depth 199 MASL mm from 35 to 50 cm, pH of 6.0 - 7.5 203 210 155 Due to its adaptability, it is possible to produce 64.5 48.6 54.5 onion in many regions of the country, which matches the areas of high production potential.36.8 50.0 38.725.3 11.8 17.6 14.2 18.5 38 37 32.52008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Exports ImportsMonthly distribution of foreign trade (%) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecImports 5.6 3.5 2.1 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.8 12.0 20.5 28.5 16.1 8.3Exports 5.7 10.8 16.0 10.9 14.4 11.1 9.5 4.7 3.1 4.4 4.3 5.1 Onion production potential 61

Green Chili During the 2012-2017 period, production increased at an average Percentage of the production value by state There are sowing areas of this spicy annual rate of 6.7%; in the last year, it reached its historical product throughout the whole country, maximum due to a larger sown and harvested area. Chihuahua but the farmers from Chihuahua stand 21.4 out for the harvested volume and the 2012-2017 National production volume economic value for its sale: 821,000 (thousand tonnes) tonnes and 6.246 billion MXN in 2017. TeTnrdeenndcia 3,3352600 PArvoemreadgieo 2,5271300 2,052 Sinaloa 1,982 18.4 2,336 2,1322008 2009 2010 20101 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Zacatecas 2,380 16.2 2,294Top 10 in production volume 2,733Main producing states The type of chili with the highest production in the 2,782 country is jalapeño, followed by bell pepper and poblano. Rank State 3,280Volume (tonnes) Variation (%) 3,297 2012-2017 2012-2017 Indicators National total Variations %2012 2017 1 Chihuahua 38.5 2 Sinaloa 2,379,736 3,296,875 46.0 3 Zacatecas 38.6 4 San Luis Potosi 562,167 820,626 19.6 5 Sonora 40.9 6 Jalisco 556,463 771,191 125 7 Michoacan 88.6 8 Guanajuato 348,834 417,218 75.8 9 Baja California Sur 76.4 10 Durango 174,882 246,333 6.1 121 Rest 83,446 187,470 -4.3 79,429 149,764 83,821 147,363 59,393 104,776 56,200 59,633 Share in the national production of vegetables 26,662 58,872 100% 348,440 333,629 Annual per capita consumption Area Volume Value Yield Average rural price 18.1 kg18.0 18.2 Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million /Thoencntaerse / MtoXnNne tonnes MXN Thousand hectares 20.5 8,834 29,125 161 1 160 3,297 6.6 20.0 20.6 3.3 9.6 Annual -6.9 -71.9 -5.7 0.5 17.0 2016-2017 3.1 -16.3 3.3 6.7 19.2% 20.4% AAGR 2012 2017 2012-2017 Decrease Increase National monthly production (%) Mostly available Moderately available Least or not available There is availability of this vegetable during the course of the year; however, half of the annual volume is harvested in the last four months. 9.8 9.0 5.3 4.7 4.0 3.0 8.3 7.6 12.0 13.4 11.2 11.7 January February March April May June July August September October November December 62

Green chiliWorld ranking Mexico 2 2017 There are 123 countries that produce 2012-2017 Foreign trade nd world some variety of chili; Mexico 2 2012 producer contributes two out of every eight Variation (%) 2012-2017 nd world tonnes to the world supply of this producer agricultural good.2,379,736 tonnes 3,296,875 tonnes In the cultivation of fruits of the Imports Exports Trade balance Imports Exports Capsicum genus, China is the main international producer. Votlounmnees 2,419 1,057,638 1,055,220 41.4 1892012-2017 Foreign trade Value 1.7 719 717.3 7.4 166 million USDMexico has a favorable international trade balance in this vegetable. The value generated by the foreign sale ofthe vegetable makes it the second largest exporting country, although it is the world leader by volume. IncreaseCommercial origin-destinationThe US is the main market for the national spicy fruit, to which 1.053 million tonnes were exported in 2017.Additionally, the vegetable was sold in 13 countries, although in 2012 it registered 19 destinations. CCanaaddáa 711,741,909* USA SSiinnggaappuor re In the international market, the amount of this vegetable sold fresh exceeds 3.2 million tonnes per year, the largest importer being the United States. The traded volume in its dry form reaches 400,000 tonnes and Thailand is the main importer.* USD Buyer Main Supplier Importer and Exporter(Mexican exports) (Mexican imports) 719Foreign trade evolution (million USD) Adequate geographical characteristics for the production 683 Altitude Rain Temperature Edaphology 0 to 2,700 600 to 1,500 18 to 30 °C Soils of light to medium texture, depth 627 MASL mm from 35 to 50 cm, pH of 4.3 - 8.3 517 560 210 226 270 An opportunity for the production of green chili is present in the central region of the country, where favorable geographical conditions exist. 13382.2 46.5 86.22.1 0.7 1.6 55.2 1.3 1.3 2.7 1.7 Exports Imports2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecImports 3.8 3.1 2.5 1.2 6.8 9.8 7.1 19.1 19.3 9.7 12.7 4.9Exports 13.5 11.2 11.3 9.3 8.0 4.4 4.0 4.8 5.2 8.0 8.8 11.5 Green chili production potential 63

GREEN OR DRY CHILI: for every taste Chili drying processChilI belongs to the genus Capsicum, a name that comes from the Greek Kapsakes,which means capsule, which includes 26 wild and 5 domesticated species; of the It's cutlatter, four are present in Mexico. 64 di erent types of chili are reported in the Green chilicountry, which are consumed fresh, dehydrated, cooked or industrialized; this greatdiversity is re ected in the culinary wealth of the country. It changes color From green to red15.5% of the national production of chili comes from protected agricultureand 84.5% is cultivated in the open. Green to dark brown Chili is marketed both green and dry; of its value,23% is obtained from dehydrated chilis, hence the importance of the drying process. Net house Greenhouse Drying 9.2% 6.3% Drying systems and time In dehydrating In sunlight machine, 30 20 to 30 days hours Depends on At a temperature the intensity of the sun of 70oC Dry chili Temporality Commercialization Smoking Unprotected During the months of January, 84.5% February, March and December the highest production of driedNumber of plots destined to the cultivation of: chili is obtained. Commercialization Dry Chili There are 14,932 farms in 14,932 the country destined for the production of dried chili, the main states where they are found are San Luis Potosi, Zacatecas and Oaxaca. Sources: SIAP. Green Chili Total 47,353 32,42164

In Mexico, there are more than Green Poblano Ancho Piquin Piquin 11,700 dry chili producers. Anaheim Colorado The number of women Dehydrated Mirasol Guajillo participating in this work Chili Fresh / corresponds approximately to Chilaca or Pasilla or chilacate black chili Dry 15% of the total. Manzano CascabelThe economic spill generated by dry chili in 2017reached 6.559 billion MXN, with a productionvolume of 120 thousand tonnes. De arbol De arbol Serrano Dry chili Habanero Habanero Jalapeno or Chipotle Small Morita cuaresmeno jalapenoTypes of chili by main producing stateDry chili Sinaloa Puebla Durango Tabasco Ancho De arbol Nayarit Cascabel Zacatecas Costeno Guajillo Guerrero Pasilla Puya Oaxaca Chiapas Chili is a primary component of the \"moles\", marinades and sauces that characterize Mexican cuisine, which not only provide the avor, texture and color that identi es them, but also important nutrients such as: vitamins A and C, carotenoids, bers and minerals. 65

Cauliflower The volume of 2017 exceeds in 46% that of the previous year. A greater Percentage of the production value by state sown area and increases in the yields of this vegetable's harvests explain the favorable behavior of the production. The cultivation of this vegetable extends through agricultural 2012-2017 National production volume areas of 19 states; among (thousand tonnes) them Guanajuato stands out, because it obtains the greatest100 TenTrdeenndcia harvest and income for its commercialization. 83 PArovmereadgioe 74 50672008 2009 2010 20101 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Hidalgo 82 15.5 79Top 10 in production volume Guanajuato Puebla 71Main producing states 34.5 14.6 63 65Rank StateVolume (tonnes) Variation (%) It is possible to cut a piece of cauliflower for 58 2012-2017 consumption at 65 days when it is transplanted, and 69National total2012 2017 at 90 days when sown from seed. 761 Guanajuato 75.8 1112 Puebla62,857 110,503 314 2012-2017 Indicators Variations %3 Hidalgo51.7 4 Michoacan 7,607 31,487 46.2 5 Aguascalientes -7.7 6 Zacatecas 13,694 20,779 33.8 7 San Luis Potosi 1,266 8 Baja California 13,399 19,592 83.3 9 Queretaro 103 10 Jalisco 9,995 9,222 5.4 28.7 Rest 6,067 8,114 -13.9 450 6,146 1,979 3,626 1,725 3,510 3,323 3,502 Share in the national production of vegetables 1,285 1,654 100% 3,334 2,872 Annual per capita consumption Area Volume Value Yield Average rural price 0.6 kg0.5 0.7 Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million Tonnes MXNNational monthly production (%) Thousand hectares tonnes MXN / hectare / tonne 111The most significant harvests of cauliflower are observed between March and April. 404 479 25.6 4,334 Annual 11.4 -100.0 13.3 45.8 54.9 28.7 6.2 0.5% 0.7% 2016-2017 5.7 -100.0 6.3 11.9 14.2 5.3 2.0 2012 2017 AAGR 2012-2017 Decrease Increase Mostly available Moderately available Least or not available 4.8 8.3 8.6 10.1 10.1 5.9 8.2 8.8 10.7 11.1 9.1 4.3 January February March April May June July August September October November December66

CauliflowerWorld ranking Mexico 5 2017 Mexico has higher yields than the 2012-2017 Foreign trade th world international average in this crop, which 6 2012 producer allows it to contribute 2 out of every 100 Variation (%) 2012-2017 th world kilograms to the world total. producer 110,503 tonnes China harvests in its fields 40.3% of the Imports Exports Trade balance Imports Exports volume of cauliflower available for global 62,857 tonnes consumption. Votlounmnees 7,032 38,339 31,307 110 73.5 Value 4.1 40.92012-2017 Foreign trade 36.8 157 96.2 million USDMexican horticulture has the capacity to generate enough cauliflower to sell it abroad. The exported volume of thevegetable during 2017 exceeded 1.7 times that of 2012. IncreaseCommercial origin-destinationIn 2017, cauliflower was exported to seven nations; three less than in 2012. However, Mexico has the largest share(79.7%) of the volume acquired by the second largest buyer of this vegetable in the world: the United States. CCaannaadáa Germany, the United Kingdom and the Netherlands are potential 38,609,285* JJaappóann markets for the sale of this Mexican USA vegetable; annual purchases of each exceed 20,000 tonnes. * USD Main Supplier Importer and Exporter Adequate geographical characteristics for the production Buyer (Mexican imports)(Mexican exports)Foreign trade evolution (million USD) Altitude Rain Temperature Edaphology 900 to 2,500 400 to 550 15 to 21 °C Loamy or loamy-silty, drained soils; 40.9 MASL mm pH of 6.0 - 6.8 26.2 26.3 29 Derived from the demands of the crop for its production, the 23.7 25.5 cauliflower presents few areas with high production potential; 23.4 however, with the use of technologies, a good production is17.9 21.2 20.8 obtained throughout the country.3.2 4.1 Exports Imports 1.4 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.2 1.1 1 1.52008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecImports 0.50 0.90 0.01 02.57 27.07 117.03 5123.92 1285.34 109..07 105..07 06.03 05.08Exports 1 80..70 170..52 101.98 98.75 180..32 47.63 65.03 6.60 86.51 68.92 8.96 191..48 Cauliflower production potential 67

CopraIn the 2012-2017 period, the production increased at an average annual rate of2.4%, registering during 2017 the maximum production in the last 10 years. 2012-2017 National production volume Percentage of the production value by state (thousand tonnes) TeTnrdeenndcia Guerrero has suitable characteristics300 for the cultivation of copra, which 217 plays an important part in it being150 the top producer. In 2017, the sale of PArovmereadgieo the fruit reached 1.716 billion MXN. 2142282008 2009 2010 20101 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 211Producing states209 Tabasco 216 5.0 Rank State 207 203Volume (tonnes) Variation (%) Colima National total 203 2012-2017 6.6 1 Guerrero 2082012 2017 2 Colima 223 12.4 3 Tabasco 233206,992 232,729 16.2 4 Oaxaca Variations % -12.4 5 Michoacan 161,699 187,964 23.1 6 Jalisco -7.9 7 Veracruz 21,534 18,872 16.9 Guerrero 8 Chiapas 2.8 83.2 9 Campeche 8,735 10,750 20.6 -11.9 The coconut tree can not develop in the shade; 9,523 8,773 NA it needs direct sunlight for at least 2,000 hours a year or a minimum of 120 a month. 2,457 2,873 1,282 1,318 846 1,020 914 805 0 355 2012-2017 Indicators Share in the national production of agroindustrials Area Volume Value Yield Average rural price 100% Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million Tonnes MXN 0.4% 0.4% Thousand hectares tonnes MXN / hectare / tonne 233 2012 2017 128 NA 125 2,061 1.9 8,856 Annual 0.3 NA 0.4 4.4 17.4 3.9 12.5 2016-2017 -0.2 NA -0.5 2.4 11.8 2.9 9.2 AAGR 2012-2017 Does not apply Decrease IncreaseNational monthly production (%) Mostly available Moderately available Least or not available66.1% of this fruit is harvested between January and June. 12.7 8.4 7.8 16.3 8.9 12.0 5.1 4.8 6.4 4.3 6.0 7.3 January February March April May June July August September October November December68

CopraWorld ranking Mexico 8 2017 On an international level, Mexico 2012-2017 Foreign trade th world contributes 2% to the total 8 2012 producer production of the tropical crop. Variation (%) 2012-2017 th world Of the 50 million tonnes of producer 232,729 tonnes copra obtained in the world, Imports Exports Trade balance Imports Exports Indonesia gets almost a third. 206,992 tonnes Votlounmnees 890 4,626 Value 3,736 1,536 32.9 2.4 4.42012-2017 Foreign trade million USD 2 1,250 33.2The continuity of greater national harvests of this perennial crop allowed a rebound of 4.8% in Increaseits exported volume during 2017. The global imported volume of copraCommercial origin-destination is around 152,000 tonnes per year; a market where the Philippines,The US market, to which 91.4% of the national exportable supply is directed, is listed as the main Bangladesh, Pakistan and Malaysiadestination of Mexican copra. This agricultural good is currently sold to nine countries; in 2012, its top the list of international buyers.sale was limited to five. 3,473,749* USA DReopmúbilniciacaDnomRienpicuanbalic Guatemala* USD Buyer Main Supplier Importer and Exporter(Mexican exports) (Mexican imports)Foreign trade evolution (million USD) Adequate geographical characteristics for the production 4 3.8 4.4 Altitude Rain Temperature Edaphology 3.3 0 to 250 1,200 to 2,400 24 to 27 °C Soils with silty texture or fine sand with 3.1 3.5 MASL mm good internal drainage, pH of 5.0 - 8.0 2.7 The production potential of copra occurs mainly in the 2.5 2.4 southern region of the country, where five producing states1 1.3 1.3 stand out according to the obtained production volume.0.8 1 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.62008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Exports ImportsMonthly distribution of foreign trade (%) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecImports 3.7 14.2 3.0 7.3 5.6 17.1 11.5 11.6 8.5 10.6 5.1 1.8Exports 8.2 10.4 10.2 7.1 11.0 7.1 8.6 8.3 6.6 9.0 6.1 7.4 Copra production potential 69

VULNERABILITY IN AGRICULTURAL AREAS:water availability in damsWith the information on advances in plantings and harvests, drought index and availability of water in dams for irrigation, it ispossible to identify the zones that are currently planted and that can be affected by the decrease and supply of water in dams. % water storage in dams Vulnerability for irrigation in agricultural area 0.0% - 20.0% Very high Low 20.1% - 50.0% High Very low 50.1% - 100.0% MediumMunicipalities with Limitgreater planted area State limit High Medium Low Area February 2 2018 90.2% storage 24,551 sown hectares were considered very vulnerable and 149,170 hectares with high vulnerability. Benito Juarez, Oaxaca dam Municipalities May 5 2017 Agricultural areas with very high and high vulnerability were 14.7% storage located in 46 municipalities in five states. Of the 16 municipalities in Sonora, Guaymas had the highest incidence. Crops Sorghum grain, fodder sorghum, maize grain, tomatillo and fodder oats were the most exposed crops in areas of very high vulnerability. Average storage 119 dams registered volumes above 50% of their capacity. 15 dams between 20 and 50%. Two dams with levels below 20% of their capacity.Source: SIAP with data from CONAGUA. 70

AGRO-CLIMATIC RISKS:phenomena that affect productionFlood Risk of the Agricultural The increase in the frequency, intensity and Frontier, Series III magnitude of hydro-meteorological phenomena has become a danger for the development ofNo records Medium agricultural activities in Mexico.Very low High The phenomenon with greater frequencyLow Very high during 2017 was low temperatures, with 1,200 records.2017 Monitoring of phenomena Degree of The states of Veracruz and Chiapas are the drought risk most a ected by oods. Of the 24.6 million hectares of agricultural Very low frontier, 3.6% have a very high degree of Low drought risk. MediumVolcanic activity Flood Hydrocarbon HighMudslide Torrential rain re Very highVolcanic eruption SnowHail Drought PlagueFrost Tornado Forest re Explosion of pyrotechnics Most affected municipalities (ha) per incident Municipalities affected by hydro-meteorological phenomena (2005 – 2017)In 2017, 343,580 hectares of sowed area were a ected; of which 207,289 hectares su ereddue to drought, being the municipality of Villa de Ramos, San Luis Potosi, the most a ected. In 2017, 761 municipalities were a ected by 2,000 hydro-meteorological phenomena; of which 3,469,472 187 su ered due to drought, 112 due to oods Most a ected Fresnillo, 948,120 884,892 343,580 and 76 due to frost. municipality Zac. Villa de Ramos, Sinaloa, Villa de Ramos, Lost S.L.P. Sin. S.L.P Area 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 939Symbology 776 San Felipe, Fresnillo, Villa de Cos, Villa de Gto. Zac. Zac. Ramos, S.L.P 546 571 1,344,056 920,837 608,999 286,214 395 39 5 Drought Frost Torrential Cyclone Flooding Hail Tornado Snow rain Hydro-meteorological phenomena that occur most frequently and intensely in Mexico are droughts, frosts and cyclones. Given this, theSIAP monitors with satellite images of low,highandveryhighresolutionthe24.6millionkm2agricultural area. Source: SIAP with data from CENAPRED, NOAA and CONAGUA. 71

PeachThe Mexican volume of peach in 2017 was 7.4% lower than the previousyear; consequence of a smaller sown area in 14 producing states. 2012-2017 National production volume Percentage of the production value by state Of the production value of (thousand tonnes) this fruit's harvest in 2017, Chihuahua 17.9% corresponds to the300 15.3 volume sold by Michoacan.150 PArovmereadgieo 180 TeTnrdeenndcia 1591912008 2009 2010 20101 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Estado de 198 Mexico 227 15.2 167 163Top 10 in production volume 161Main producing states 173Rank State 176Volume (tonnes) Variation (%) Michoacan 177 2012-2017 17.9 National total 1642012 2017 1 Michoacan Variations % 0.6 A peach tree can produce up to 1,400 fruits, which can 2 Estado de Mexico 162,866 163,796 -3.5 weight between 31 and 304 grams each; their pit weights 3 Chihuahua 16.2 9 grams at most. 4 Puebla 31,172 30,091 10,350 5 Zacatecas 69.1 2012-2017 Indicators 6 Chiapas 25,597 29,745 -43.1 7 Morelos 16.2 8 Guerrero 230 24,036 -63.0 9 Aguascalientes -22.7 10 Tlaxcala 12,299 20,798 -46.6 -20.9 Rest 20,511 11,676 -33.9 8,896 10,341 20,277 7,504 8,441 6,525 7,935 4,239 Share in the national production of fruits 5,039 3,986 100% 22,469 14,855 Annual per capita consumption Area Volume Value Yield Average rural price Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million /Thoencntaerse / MtoXnNne tonnes MXN Thousand hectares 6.4 8,186 1,341 31 NA 26 164 4.4 3.8 -3.9 5.5 2.3 1.5 kg1.4 1.6 Annual -2.6 NA -11.3 -7.4 2.4 2016-2017 -6.3 NA -5.1 0.1 0.9% 0.7% AAGR 2012-2017 2012 2017 Does not apply Decrease IncreaseNational monthly production (%) Mostly available Moderately available Least or not availableThe Mexican harvest of the fruit allows for a larger supply between May and September. 0.3 1.6 14.5 4.4 10.3 10.7 15.7 19.2 10.7 7.9 3.5 1.2 January February March April May June July August September October November December72

PeachWorld ranking Mexico 17 2017 From the global total volume of this velvety 2012-2017 Foreign trade th world fruit, 0.7% is obtained from Mexican 17 2012 producer peach trees. Variation (%) 2012-2017 th world China generates half of the world peach producer 163,796 tonnes production, which allows it to stand out as Imports Exports Trade balance Imports Exports the leading producer. 162,866 tonnes Votlounmnees 17,535 1,443 2.5 -16,092 -31.7 51.32012-2017 Foreign trade Value 27 -24.5 -33.6 398 million USDIn Mexico, the popularity of different varieties of this fruit and the national supply level during the year explainthe volume that is purchased from other producing nations. In 2017, the country acquired 17,535 tonnes. Decrease IncreaseCommercial origin-destinationIn 2017, peach was imported from eight nations, mainly from the United States and Chile, with 12,896and 2,767 tonnes respectively. During the 2012-2017 period, the number of countries that sold this fruit toMexico, went from three to eight.2,045,687* GGrreeecicae China Each year, the world imports of this fruit reach 2.1 million tonnes USA and an value of more than 2.422 billion USD; in those flows, Germany is the main importer. * USD Main Supplier Importer and Exporter Buyer (Mexican imports)(Mexican exports)Foreign trade evolution (million USD) Adequate geographical characteristics for the production 44.2 45.1 Altitude Rain Temperature Edaphology 1,600 to 2,700 900 to 1,500 24 to 25 °C Loamy, sandy-loamy, clay-loamy soils, MASL mm pH of 4.5 - 7.5 40.7 29 27 Michoacan is the largest 34.3 28.5 producer of peach in32.6 Mexico and is also the state that presents the largest 26.6 area with ideal conditions. 23.0 1.6 0.8 1 0.1 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.9 2.5 Exports Imports2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecImports 7.4 4.6 3.6 2.2 1.3 3.2 6.5 13.4 24.7 27.8 1.7 3.6Exports 0.4 2.3 7.9 53.4 27.7 3.8 0.5 0.6 0.3 0.4 1.7 1.0 Peach production potential 73

Asparagus The harvested volume of this stem in 2017 represents the largest of the Percentage of the production value by state last 10 years. In the 2012-2017 period, its production increased at an average annual rate of 15.4%. Baja California Sonora 14.2 57.7 2012-2017 National production volume (thousand tonnes) Sonora is the main farmer of this vegetable; its sown area reached300 15,000 hectares, with a yield of 10 tonnes per hectare. The 2017 TenTrdeendcia harvest generated 5.78 billion MXN. 258150 PArovmereadgioe 135542008 2009 2010 20101 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Baja California Sur 64 13.1 75Top 10 in production volume85Main producing states 120 126Rank State 170Volume (tonnes) Variation (%) 198 2012-2017 National total 2172012 2017 1 Sonora 246 105 2 Guanajuato Variations %119,789 245,68181.2 3 Baja California 93.5 4 Baja California Sur 81,004 146,743 179 5 Queretaro 221 6 Michoacan 17,169 33,219 118 7 Durango NA 8 Sinaloa 11,226 31,297 NA 9 Zacatecas NA 10 Jalisco 7,528 24,132 NA NA Rest 2,861 6,231 NA White asparagus is one of the varieties grown in the world. Since it grows underground, the lack of sunlight causes the absence of 0 1,753 its otherwise characteristic green color. 0 660 2012-2017 Indicators 0 365 0 270 0 262 Share in the national production of vegetables 0 750 100% Annual per capita consumption Area Volume Value Yield Average rural price 0.7 kg0.6 0.8 Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million /Thoencntaerse / MtoXnNne tonnes MXN Thousand hectares 9.4 40,778 10,018 28 NA 26 246 7.4 11.0 25.7 5.0 6.0 Annual 8.5 NA 5.4 13.3 22.3 1.0% 1.5% 2016-2017 10.0 NA 10.0 15.4 2012 2017 AAGR 2012-2017 Does not apply IncreaseNational monthly production (%) Mostly available Moderately available Least or not availableIn the Mexican harvest cycle, there is a greater production of asparagus between December and April. 11.4 20.6 19.6 12.0 1.9 1.7 5.6 4.6 3.4 2.6 4.2 12.4 January February March April May June July August September October November December74

AsparagusWorld ranking Mexico 3 2017 Mexican agriculture has the third rd world largest area dedicated to the cultivation of 3 2012 producer asparagus. 2012-2017 Foreign trade rd world In 1.4 million hectares, farmers from producer 245,681 tonnes China harvest 88% of the world Variation (%) 2012-2017 production of this vegetable stem. 119,789 tonnes Imports Exports Trade balance Imports Exports Votlounmnees 664 161,033 160,369 61.9 532012-2017 Foreign trade Value 2.7 280 277.3 92.7 84.5 million USDThis agricultural good has export vocation; the economic value for its foreign sale places it in the 20th place of theMexican agri-food products that generate more foreign currency. IncreaseCommercial origin-destinationBetween 2012 and 2017, the number of countries that bought asparagus from Mexico changed from 9 to 13.The US market buys the largest amount of this Mexican vegetable: 160,830 tonnes in 2017. CCaannaddáa In the world, the United States is the largest importer of this vegetable; 278,7U08S,6A12* in 2017, it acquired 228,000 tonnes. The second best prospects for Mexico are Germany and Canada, which make external purchases of over 20,000 tonnes each. Australia * USD Main Supplier Importer and Exporter Buyer (Mexican imports)(Mexican exports) 280Foreign trade evolution (million USD) Adequate geographical characteristics for the production 227 Altitude Rain Temperature Edaphology 195 400 to 1,200 400 to 800 18 to 25 °C Deep sandy-loamy soils with 120 mm of rainfall, MASL mm pH of 7.5 - 8.0 152 172 Asparagus is produced in areas that do not have the best 116 118 144 conditions for its development. There are regions in the 87.2 northeast of the country with adequate characteristics that could be exploited.29.2 1.1 1.1 1.5 1.8 1.4 2.3 2.3 1.9 2.9 2.7 Exports Imports2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecImports 9.5 1.3 0.1 0.5 0.3 1.5 0.4 0.3 19.3 20.2 13.6 33.0Exports 3.4 17.9 28.9 10.5 3.9 6.2 7.8 5.8 2.7 4.8 5.2 2.9 Asparagus production potential 75

RaspberryIts production shows great dynamism, increasing at an average annualrate of 47.9% from 2012 to 2017. This growth is mainly due to the largersown area of this berry. 2012 - 2017 National production volume Percentage of the production value by state (thousand tonnes) Baja California300 32.7150 TeTn1rde1en0ndcia Even though Michoacan is the state with the second largest production, PArvoemraegdieo Baja California receives higher revenues from its sales; in 2017, it contributed 45 1.469 billion to the total national value.152008 2009 2010 20101 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 14 14Top in production volume Jalisco 21Main producing states 36.6 17 30Rank StateVolume (tonnes) Variation (%) Michoacan 36 2012-2017 30.4 65National total2012 2017 1131 Jalisco 607 \"Heritage\" raspberry is one of the most widely harvested in 1202 Michoacan17,009 120,184 581 Mexico. It is characterized by its long harvest period and the Variations %3 Baja California825 suitability of its fruits for freezing. 4 Puebla 12,634 86,060 569 5 Estado de Mexico NA 6 Colima 2,338 21,620 29.4 7 Mexico City NA 1,800 12,049 -15.0 Rest -100 0 233 154 199 0 14 11 9 72 0 2012-2017 Indicators Share in the national production of fruits Annual per capita consumption Area Volume Value Yield Average rural price 100% Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million /Thoencntaerse / MtoXnNne tonnes MXN Thousand hectares 18.8 37,413 7 NA 6 120 4,496 3.6 7.8 5.3 -1.4 0.4 kg0.3 0.5 6.3Annual NA 2.9 6.7 15.0 2016-2017 AAGR 40.9 NA 40.4 47.9 45.8 1.0% 0.5% 2012-2017 2012 2017 Does not apply Decrease IncreaseNational monthly production (%)Slightly more than half of the national volume of raspberry is generated from October to November. Mostly available Moderately available Least or not available 9.1 5.2 10.5 3.8 5.9 5.6 0.1 6.6 1.8 10.7 12.9 27.8 January February March April May June July August September October November December76

RaspberryWorld ranking Mexico 4 2017 Mexican fruit farming obtains the th world highest yields of this berry in the world, 7 2012 producer for which the country stands out 2012-2017 Foreign trade th world among the main producing nations. producer 120,184 tonnes Optimal conditions for the production of Variation (%) 2012-2017 raspberry allow Russia to generate one 17,009 tonnes in five tonnes of this fruit in the world. Imports Exports Trade balance Imports Exports Votlounmnees 224 72,262 72,039 -25.9 1592012-2017 Foreign trade Value 2.2 684 681.8 36.8 172 million USDAmong the berries that the country allocates to the international market, the raspberry is the second byvalue for its foreign sale; this amount represents one third of the total earned for the exports of berries. Decrease IncreaseCommercial origin-destinationThe nations to which this Mexican fruit is sold doubled, going from 15 to 31 in the 2012-2017 period.The United States acquires 70,250 tonnes of raspberry from the country. RRuussisaia Canada, Germany, the United Kingdom and France are among the669,177,583* Beélgicuam countries that import the largest volume of raspberry in the world; USA countries with which Mexico could increase its commercial flows. * USD Main Supplier Importer and Exporter Buyer (Mexican imports) 684 Adequate geographical characteristics for the production(Mexican exports)Foreign trade evolution (million USD) Altitude Rain Temperature Edaphology 2,000 to 3,000 700 to 1,200 5 to 20 °C Soils rich in organic matter, MASL mm pH of 4.2 to 5.2 508 531 It is produced in areas that do not have the best conditions for its 251 280 367 development, such as Michoacan and Baja California, which represent 128 146 180 the second and third states by106 production volume in Mexico. However, there are areas in Veracruz with the right characteristics that could be exploited.1.6 2 3.9 1.7 1.6 2.5 2.4 3.7 3.1 2.2 Exports Imports2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecImports 0.2 4.9 2.5 2.5 2.8 18.3 18.9 28.1 6.6 13.2 1.8 0.2Exports 8.3 10.1 12.1 11.0 21.7 2.6 1.3 1.6 1.8 6.6 11.2 11.7 Raspberry production potential 77

StrawberryLike in the production of other berries, the harvested volume of strawberryhas had a remarkable growth derived mainly from the larger area sown andfrom the better yields obtained in the countryside. 2012-2017 National production volume Percentage of the production value by state (thousand tonnes) Baja California200 16.2 TenTrdeenndcia Michoacan, undisputed leader in the production of this berry, 603 contributed 9.597 billion MXN to the national value of fruit PArovmereadgioe production in 2017. 3622092008 2009 2010 20101 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 233 227 Guanajuato 229 4.5 360 379Top 10 in production volume 459Main producing states 393Rank State 468Volume (tonnes) Variation (%) 658 2012-2017 National total Variations %2012 2017 1 Michoacan 82.7 2 Baja California 360,426 658,436 139 Michoacan 3 Guanajuato -17.9 75.9 4 Baja California Sur 203,314 484,936 194 5 Estado de Mexico 1.5 Strawberry is the only fruit that has seeds on the 6 Aguascalientes 111,708 91,660 8.0 outside and it can have up to 200 of them. 7 Jalisco 1,290 8 Puebla 19,600 57,667 -79.6 2012-2017 Indicators 9 Zacatecas NA 10 Oaxaca 9,840 9,985 445 NA Rest 7,246 7,825 184 240 3,336 8,301 1,690 0 516 55 301 Share in the national production of fruits 0 173 100% 123 348 Annual per capita consumption Area Volume Value Yield Average rural price 3.2 kg3.1 3.3 Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million /Thoencntaerse / MtoXnNne Thousand hectares tonnes MXN 658 47.5 19,201 14 0.001 14 12,642 12.6 14.9 Annual 24.9 0.0 24.9 40.6 61.5 2.7 9.8 2.1% 3.0% 2016-2017 8.8 -69.9 9.8 12.8 23.9 2012 2017 AAGR 2012-2017 Decrease IncreaseNational monthly production (%) Mostly available Moderately available Least or not availableThe period in which the largest harvests of strawberries are obtained from the Mexican fields is May-June. 9.4 5.4 7.3 7.7 19.6 24.2 6.6 2.2 1.5 1.4 6.8 7.9 January February March April May June July August September October November December78

StrawberryWorld ranking Mexico 3 2017 Mexican strawberry fields represent rd world 3% of the world's area sown with the fruit; 3 2012 producer and from them, 1 out of every 20 tonnes of 2012-2017 Foreign trade rd world the global strawberry harvest is obtained. producer 658,436 tonnes Worldwide, 9.1 million tonnes of Variation (%) 2012-2017 strawberry are generated yearly; China 360,426 tonnes contributes 41.6% to that volume. Imports Exports Trade balance Imports Exports Votlounmnees 18,459 283,419 264,960 42.1 17.62012-2017 Foreign trade Value 42 699 657 97 68 million USDThree fifths of the Mexican production of strawberry are destined to the international market. In the exportedvolume, 65.7% corresponds to fresh strawberries and the remaining 34.3% to frozen ones. IncreaseCommercial origin-destinationThe main destination country of this fruit is the United States; during 2017, it acquired 272,857 tonnes, whichequals 96.3% of the national exported volume. In 2012, Mexican strawberry was sold to 20 countries, and in2017 that number increased to 37. CCaanaaddáa In 2017, the global imported volume of strawberry exceeded 678,3U83S,5A46* 1.6 million tonnes; the United States and Germany are the largest buyers, with 276,000 and 207,000 tonnes, respectively. Chile * USD Main Supplier Importer and Exporter Buyer (Mexican imports)(Mexican exports) 699 Adequate geographical characteristics for the productionForeign trade evolution (million USD) 693 Altitude Rain Temperature Edaphology 800 to 2,500 700 to 1,500 15 to 20 °C Deep soils with a sandy-loamy texture, MASL mm pH of 5.5 - 6.5 456 511 There are states that have 416 potential for the cultivation of this product and that currently 320 384 do not participate in the national production, such as 256 Tamaulipas and Chiapas, which 207 represent a space of agricultural opportunity to consider.15631.9 15.6 14.2 16 21.3 33.7 33.2 34.9 37.8 422008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Exports ImportsMonthly distribution of foreign trade (%) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecImports 0.5 0.4 0.4 4.1 12.4 16.2 21.4 20.3 15.8 6.5 1.3 0.7Exports 12.5 17.3 19.0 14.9 10.6 7.3 2.7 1.3 1.0 1.4 3.8 8.2 Strawberry production potential 79

AGRI-FOOD INFRASTRUCTURE: operational capacity of the sector The SIAP concentrates the geographic information of the agri-food infrastructure. In 2017, an operating capacity of 22,098 livestock infrastructure projects was registered. The states of San Luis Potosi and Coahuila have the largest number of goat production units with a total of 2,391, while San Luis Potosi and Hidalgo have the highest number of sheep production units with a total of 959. Symbology Goats Sheep 2,391 959 Jalisco 2,681 Jalisco, Tamaulipas and San Of the more than 3 thousand agricultural Luis Potosi are the states with San Luis Potosi 2,125 warehouses, the SIAP has the information of the largest number of 2,057 georeferenced warehouses at the georeferenced livestock facilities at the national level. national level; the states of Tamaulipas, Sinaloa and Chihuahua stand out for their greater storage capacity (4,869,715, 3,112,072 and 2,735,006 tonnes respectively*). Tamaulipas 1,873 0 1000 2000 3000 Facilities The livestock infrastructure includes all the activities of cattle and smallstock, among which bovines, birds and pigs stand out. 3500 2,462 2,065 2,361 Symbology 3000 3,059 Facilities 2500 Warehouses 2000 State limits 1500 1000 States with the largest storage 500 capacities at the national level. 0 Dairy State stables Feedlots Poultry meat and Pig farms *The data refers to the 2017 agricultural year egg farms Source: SIAP-SNIDRUS.80

FOOD PRODUCTION FOR SELF-CONSUMPTION: overviewRetained production refers to that which the Sale Animal feed Sowing seed Self-consumption Self-consumption is present in many crops;producer keeps for various purposes, ranging from maize and beans standing out. Whenexpecting a better price for the product, to aggregating these products, a little more thanseparating a portion to sell at a local market, to one out of every ve tonnes produced isallocating a part as animal feed, or as seed for the allocated for this purpose.next sow, or even for their own feeding. In line withthis, the SIAP gures give an idea of this reality. FromDaegsdeeneurnapl puontinotdoefvvisietaw, in agreincuerltaul,renthlaearegraicrueltuwroa pexroisdteunctdions sistseymstaesmdse: pthroedcuocmciómne:recliacol moneercial Self-consumption: percentage share for each type of grain yanedl dselaf-uctooncsounmsupmtio.n. 24.9 23.0 Self-consumption means that the producer uses all or part of the production to Maize Bean 7.9 satisfy their own needs. Among its advantages are a guaranteed diet and that it 3.6 largely adapts to local conditions of climate and availability of resources. According to the FAO, the producers that carry out this agricultural activity do not Sorghum Wheat have sales income, since their objective is not the commercialization but self- consumption; for this, they have an average rain-fed area of 2.3 hectares and 0.5 of irrigation. Percentage composition of self-consumption for corn and beans by state Rest of the country The level of self- Rest of the country State Maize consumption of maize State Beans Jalisco 4.9 Chihuahua 4.4 Hidalgo 4.1 and beans stands at Hidalgo 3.9 Guanajuato 3.4 almost 25% of Guerrero 3.4 San Lu5i.s4Potosi production Tlaxcala 2.5 Sinaloa 1.7 Sinaloa 1.7 Queretaro 1.5 Queretaro 1.6 Estado de Mexico 1.1 Durango 1.5 Gua5na.4juato Maize Aguascalientes 1.1 San Luis Potosi 1.4 Beans Nayarit 0.6 Zacatecas 1.3 D1ur0a.n6go Pu77e..92blaVe57ra..1c2ruz Tlaxcala 0.6 Tabasco 1.2 Tabasco 0.5 Campeche 1.1 Za2ca0t.e8cas Michoacan 0.4 Yucatan 1.1 Sonora 0.4 Chihuahua 0.9 Rest of the country Jalisco 0.4 Aguascalientes 0.7 30.6 Mic5ho.0acan Estado de Campeche 0.3 Morelos 0.7 21.0 M2e0x.i5co Coahuila 0.3 Quintana Roo 0.5 Nuevo Leon 0.1 Nayarit 0.5 Gu1e2r.re5ro O8a9x..a05ca C1h84ia..4p6as Morelos 0.1 Nuevo Leon 0.4 Quintana Roo 0.1 Sonora 0.4 Tamaulipas 0.1 Colima 0.3 Coahuila 0.2 Tamaulipas 0.1 In both crops, a large portion of self- The contribution of autumn-winter Mexico City consumption comes from the spring- to self-consumption is relevant for summer cycle, with an important maize in the rain-fed mode and for contribution of the rain-fed mode. beans in the irrigation mode.Sources: SIAP and FAO. 81

Bean Percentage of the production value by state A greater area sown, as well as better yields obtained in the harvests of The production value of beans this legume, are reflected in the 8.7% increase of the production volume exceeded 16 billion MXN in compared to the previous year. 2017; of this amount, Zacatecas generated 4.963 billion. 2012-2017 National production volume (thousand tonnes) TenTdreenndcia 1,156 PArovmereadgieo 1,0771,111 1,041 1,156 568 1,081 1,295 1,274 969 1,089 1,1842008 2009 2010 20101 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Zacatecas 30.3 SinaloaTop 10 in production volume 18.9Main producing states Durango 10.3Rank State Volume (tonnes) Variation (%) 2012-2017 National total 2012 2017 1 Zacatecas 9.5 2 Sinaloa 1,080,857 1,183,868 31.1 3 Durango 39.2 4 Chihuahua 305,274 400,356 17.4 5 Chiapas -16.5 6 Nayarit 113,689 158,227 -7.1 7 Guanajuato -17.3 8 San Luis Potosi 110,285 129,492 -8.1 9 Puebla 31.4 10 Oaxaca 104,357 87,166 -21.6 -8.1 Rest 68,862 63,983 -9.6 There are approximately 150 species of bean plants in the world; of them, 50 are found in Mexico. 72,995 60,341 52,499 48,238 32,281 42,405 Share in the national production of dry legumes 52,531 41,199 100% 29,608 27,215 2012-2017 Indicators 78.1% 83.6% 138,476 125,247 2012 2017 Annual per capita consumption Area Volume Value Yield Average rural price Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million /Thoencntaerse / MtoXnNne tonnes MXN Thousand hectares 0.7 13,832 16,376 1,676 51 1,625 1,184 5.4 13.5 23.4 1.0 1.6 10.2 kg10.1 10.3 Variations % Annual 2.7 -9.2 3.1 8.7 3.5 2016-2017 -0.3 -18.5 0.8 1.8 AAGR 2012-2017 Decrease IncreaseNational monthly production (%) Mostly available Moderately available Least or not availableThe highest volume of this grain is obtained in the Spring-Summer cycle. 5.2 13.2 5.4 2.3 1.0 0.7 1.0 2.6 4.5 10.4 36.3 17.4 January February March April May June July August September October November December82

BeanWorld ranking Mexico 7 2017 Mexico contributes 1 of every 25 th world kilograms of this legume harvested 7 2012 producer in the world. 2012-2017 Foreign trade th world Myanmar It is the largest producer producer 1,183,868 tonnes of beans in the world; its harvest Variation (%) 2012-2017 represents 19.3% of the total. 1,080,857 tonnes Imports Exports Trade balance Imports Exports2012-2017 Foreign trade Votlounmnees 150,193 75,077 -75,116 -36.3 345 86The moment of harvest, variety of grain and market price are factors that intervene in the level of Value 125 -39 -54.8 188foreign trade that Mexico has of this legume. 10 out of every 100 tonnes of this grain available in the million USDcountry are imported and 4 out of every 100 harvested are exported. Decrease IncreaseCommercial origin-destinationBetween 2012 and 2017, the countries of origin of the Mexican imports of bean decreased, going from12 to 8; whereas the number of buyers of the legume increased from 18 to 27. In 2017, the internationalorigin-destination of the traded volume was: 88.8% of the purchases were made to the United States,and 51.2% of the sales to Venezuela. UEsntaitdeods USntiadtoess 26,918,243* Latin American nations are listed as opportunity markets Colombia Venezuela for the varieties of this legume that Mexico produces and destines to the foreign market.* USD Buyer Main Supplier Importer and Exporter(Mexican exports) (Mexican imports)Foreign trade evolution (million USD) Adequate geographical characteristics for the production 277 Altitude Rain Temperature Edaphology 0 to 2,400 450 to 900 11 to 20 °C Soils with clay-loamy and sandy-loamy textures; MASL mm 60 cm in depth, pH of 5.3 - 7.5 168 Sinaloa, contrary to the states of the center and north of the 111 136 130 125 country, does not have adequate conditions for the cultivation of89.2 99.8 86 bean; however, it is produced by using technology. 84.5 79.8 50.830.4 28.9 28.5 38.3 29.8 62.8 35.4 41.42008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Exports ImportsMonthly distribution of foreign trade (%) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecImports 3.1 4.1 9.0 6.5 5.3 6.4 7.2 9.7 8.7 16.0 10.0 14.0Exports 6.4 13.9 15.4 9.8 10.6 8.4 11.8 7.6 6.2 3.8 3.9 2.2 Bean production potential 83

ChickpeaIn 2017, chickpea production showed an increase of 55% compared to Percentage of the production value by state2016, mainly derived from the increase in the area sown with this grain:31,578 additional hectares. Sonora 34.72012-2017 National production volume(thousand tonnes) Sinaloa and Sonora, main producing states of this grain, TenTdrencdia together contributed 2.842 billion MXN to the national 174 value of chickpea in 2017. PrAovmereadgioe 1601652008 2009 2010 20101 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Sinaloa 132 49.0 132 72Top 10 in production volume 272Main producing states 210 172Rank StateVolume (tonnes) Variation (%) 138 2012-2017 122National total2012 2017 1891 Sinaloa -30.5 Variations %2 Sonora271,894 188,939-54.3 3 Michoacan 4 Guanajuato 191,508 87,509 2.4 Michoacan 5 Baja California Sur 453 8.1 6 Jalisco 54,403 55,729 -4.1 7 Nayarit -30.5 8 Guerrero 4,557 25,201 317 9 Oaxaca NA 10 Durango 9,455 9,070 4.3 -40.9 Rest 10,603 7,374 NA Although chickpea is a crop with low water requirements, -59.7 strategic irrigation during its development can help increase 547 2,282 its yields. 0 1,044 434 453 342 202 0 57 Share in the national production of dry legumes 45 18 2012-2017 Indicators 100% Annual per capita consumption Area Volume Value Yield Average rural price Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million /Thoencntaerse / MtoXnNne tonnes MXN Thousand hectares 1.9 17,964 189 3,394 100 1 99 4.6 55.6 55.4 141.8 -1.2 11.2 37 g36 38 Annual 46.4 -35.8 48.5 -7.0 3.4 2016-2017 -6.3 -24.3 -5.9 19.6% 13.3% AAGR 2012-2017 Decrease Increase 2012 2017National monthly production (%) Mostly available Moderately available Least or not availableThe greatest availability of this legume is observed between March and June. 0.7 3.8 12.6 47.6 15.5 12.1 6.3 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.6 0.4 January February March April May June July August September October November December84

ChickpeaWorld ranking Mexico 9 2017 Mexico contributes 1 out of every 100 2012-2017 Foreign trade th world tonnes to the global chickpea production. 7 2012 producer India is the main producer of this legume; Variation (%) 2012-2017 th world two thirds of the crops are obtained from producer 188,939 tonnes said country. Imports Exports Trade balance Imports Exports 271,894 tonnes Votlounmnees 1,669 145,322 143,653 666 -31.62012-2017 Foreign trade Value 1.9 276 274.1 688 -2.2 thousand USDThis Mexican legume has excellent acceptance in international markets; the rebound in marketprices allowed the country to generate the second largest amount of foreign currency of the last Increase Decreasefive years for its sale.Commercial origin-destinationIn 2017, Algeria and Turkey stood out as the largest buyers of chickpea from Mexico, with 38,000and 36,000 tonnes respectively. In 2012, this Mexican grain was acquired by 54 countries and fiveyears later by 52. SEsppaaiñna TTuurrqkueíya With annual purchases of 73,960,080* 54,000 tonnes, the United Kingdom is emerging as Algeria an important destination for the export of this Mexican grain.* USD Adequate geographical characteristics for the production Buyer Main Supplier Importer and Exporter Altitude Rain Temperature Edaphology(Mexican exports) (Mexican imports) 0 to 1,800 650 to 900 17 to 20 °C Siliceous-clayey soils without gypsum, soils with 276Foreign trade evolution (thousand USD) MASL mm medium to heavy texture, pH of 4.2 - 8.6 282 193 Chickpea is mainly produced with the use of technology in 129 117 177 regions that do not present120 139 138 the ideal conditions for its development. There are zones in Chiapas, Zacatecas and Nuevo Leon with high production potential that can be exploited. 830.0004 0.001 0.1 0.5 0.2 0.6 0.1 0.2 0.5 1.9 Exports Imports2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecImports 5.2 3.0 1.2 0.0 4.8 1.2 2.4 0.2 17.5 7.8 21.7 35.0Exports 1.8 1.6 10.6 9.3 14.2 12.5 7.7 12.2 11.7 8.2 5.8 4.4 Chickpea production potential 85

Gerbera Percentage of the production value by state Estado de Mexico was listed as the only producer of this flower in the Baja California country until last year; in 2017, Baja California was listed as a new 0.6 gerbera producer. The more than 100 hectares planted with the crop in both states generate a volume close to 1.2 million grosses. 2012-2017 National production volume TeTnrdeenndcia The gerbera harvests of (thousand grosses) Estado de Mexico generated 1,131 a value of 313.517 million1200 MXN in 2017. PArovmereadgieo 600 9578192008 2009 2010 20101 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 882 900Producing statesVolume (tonnes)Variation (%) Estado de 912 2012-2017 Mexico 906Rank State2012 2017 99.4 980906,474 1,182,26230.4 942National total906,474 1,172,86829.4 A dozen flowers in the most important wholesale 9391 Estado de MexicoNA market in Mexico, the Central Market of Supplies 1,1082 Baja California0 9,395 in Mexico City, reaches a price of 28 MXN. 1,182 Variations %2012-2017 Indicators Share in the national production of ornamentals Area Volume Value Yield Average rural price 100% Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million /Ghreocstsaerse /MgrXoNss grosses MXN Thousand hectares 12,126 267 0.1 NA 0.1 1,182 315 5.0 3.5 3.1 -1.6 5.7Annual NA 1.6 6.7 10.4 2016-2017 3.1AAGR NA 2.3 5.5 3.8 3.2% 3.4% 2012 2017 2012-2017 Does not apply Decrease IncreaseNational monthly production (%)One third of the available volume of this colorful flower is obtained during the second month of the year. Mostly available Moderately available Least or not available 1.5 33.0 4.3 2.8 7.4 2.3 0.0 7.8 4.0 5.0 13.7 18.2 January February March April May June July August September October November December86

Gerbera 2012-2017 Foreign trade Variation (%) 2012-2017 Imports Exports Trade balance Imports Exports Votlounmnees 20 475 455 NA 8.8 Value2012-2017 Foreign trade 725 943 218 NA 12.7 thousand USDThe value corresponding to gerberas represents 1.3% of the exports of plants and flowersmade by the country. Does not apply IncreaseCommercial origin-destination Germany and the United States constituteThe neighboring countries of the north are the ones that acquire gerbera from Mexico. It is potential markets for thethe United States that imports the largest volume of this Mexican ornament. expansion of the national sale of this flower. CCaannaaddáa 94U3,0S0A2** USD Buyer Main Supplier Importer and Exporter(Mexican exports) (Mexican imports)Foreign trade evolution (thousand USD) Adequate geographical characteristics for the production 1,670 Altitude Rain Temperature Edaphology 1,469 1,400 to 1,600 400 to 500 15 to 18 °C Loose and light soils, not very calcareous with a loamy, MASL mm sandy-loamy or clay-loamy texture, pH of 5.0 - 6.0 915 1,031 943 The geographical conditions 876 for the production of this plant have little influence because it 835 836 798 652 725 is grown in greenhouses. 694 4680.04 0 0.1 3.3 0 0 0 Exports Imports2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecImports 6.6 4.8 4.4 3.2 10.7 15.9 22.2 18.9 5.4 2.2 0.5 5.2Exports 11.6 12.8 12.1 8.9 11.8 7.7 6.4 6.0 6.0 6.4 5.7 4.6 Gerbera production potential 87

ORNAMENTALS: sharing the beauty of the countrysideWith a value of 8.714 billion MXN, the production and commercialization of ornamental plants and owers is one Some reasons to buy or give owersof the sectors with the greatest development potential in the eld of micro-enterprises in the country; nowadays,it expands its vision abroad, looking for markets in the United States and Canada as well in the European Union. Day Month Celebration National production value (%) 2017 Production value 1 January New Year's Day 14 February Valentine's Day (million $) 8 March International Women's Day The rest of the Rose 2,028 10, 15 May Mother's Day / Teacher's Day country representsBaja California Chrysanthemum 1,932 17 June Father's Day 1.0 1.8% Jalisco Gladiolus 1,228 18 July Administrative Professionals' Day 3.5 Queretaro 576 2 November Day of the Dead 1.6 Poinsettia Puebla Lilium 473 12, 24 December Day of the Virgin of Guadalupe / Christmas Eve 14.5 Veracruz Carnation 443 1.4 Gerbera 315 The rose has gained great popularity, in Michoacan fact it is considered the ‘queen of all 2.2 owers’. Mexico contributes a volume of Estado de nine million grosses. Mexico 63.7 Mexico Morelos Did you know that City 6.4 3.9 December JanuaryThree ways to give ornamental plants each type of ower and its color have a special meaning? Poinsettias are linked The carnation means: to the Christmas pride, fascination and season, as they beauty; pink ones are a symbolize good luck symbol of maternal and and happiness. family love. November Chrysanthemums Gerberas are Marchsymbolize delity,owers related toFlowerpot Bouquet Flower arrangement Februaryoptimism, joy andfriendship and the July long life; violet ones purity of rst love; Primary owers are those that you WWhhiicchhoonnee red ones are want to highlight and which give represent the ddooyyoouuggiivvee associated with relevance to the decoration; secondary unbearable pain at aassaaggiifftt?? the expression of owers bring contrast of textures, the thought of losing passionate love. shapes and colors. Focal owers are The meaning of those that have the main role due to the beloved. daisies is their nature and constitution, and a Giving an orchid innocence, joy and single stem can be much more expressive means giving the gift purity, but blue than a bouquet of any other ower. of beauty and a ones speci cally The importance of greenery in oral demonstration of a represent delity. arrangements is that green is a neutral high degree of color in owers and plants, since all of appreciation and them have it in their constitution by admiration; yellow default; when adding greens, you ones represent the evoke the idea that the owers were most erotic love. born right there, thus restoring their natural essence. Orange roses represent White lilies symbolize success and joy, although purity, innocence and elegance. they also stand for caution.Source: SIAP. June May88

SCIENTIFIC NAMES Why is it important to know the scientific name of plants?Definition and importance To know the type of soil To avoid planting species of the same appropriate for the crop, and Family in nearby areas, since they would Animals and plants have a unique scientific name alternative plants elegible to compete for the same soil nutrients; in that identifies them throughout the world and in be associated. addition, they could be attacked by the any language; this specificity helps avoid same pests and diseases. confusion, as might happen with commonly used names. Examples of association by type of family Scientific names originate in biological classification, Amaryllidaceae: Brassicaceae: Solanaceae: or taxonomy, sthe science responsible for classifying garlic, onion, coliflower, red tomato, living beings in groups. chives... broccoli, turnip, pepper, tobacco… radish... System of classification: Apiaceae: carrot, Solanaceae: celery, parsley, Fabaceae: potato, eggplant, A taxon is a group of related organisms in a bean, lentil, given classification. It consists of at least coriander… chickpea… petunia… seven taxa: Kingdom Octopus Watermelon Pork Kingdom Phylum Animalia Plantae Animalia Phylum Class Mollusca Magnoliophyta Chordata Class Order Cephalopoda Magnoliopsida Mammalia Order Family Octopoda Cucurbitales Artiodactyla Family Genus Octopodidae Cucurbitaceae Suidae Genus Species Octopus Citrullus Sus Species Octopus vulgaris Citrullus lanatus Sus scrofa The scientific name is composed of Genus and Species Only these taxa should be written in italics Aristotle elaborated Scientific names are written in The rules for creating scientific the first classification Latin, considered the scientific names are written in the of living beings in the language until the 19th century. International Codes of year 400 BC. Nomenclature and have been NOMEN SCIENTIFIC agreed upon for approximately 100 years.Source: SIAP. 89

GuavaThere are twenty states that produce this fruit in the country;together they allocate an area of 22,562 hectares, from whicha harvest close to 325,000 tonnes was obtained in 2017. Percentage of the production value by state2012-2017 National production volume Michoacan is the main(thousand tonnes) state that generates this fruit. Its production value TenTdreendcia exceeds 786 million MXN. 315 PArovmereadgieo 299285 Aguascalientes 289 24.2 305 2912008 2009 2010 20101 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Zacatecas 295 18.7 298Top 10 in production volume 303Main producing states 294 309Rank State 325Volume (tonnes) Variation (%) Variations % 2012-2017 National total 2012 2017 Michoacan 1 Michoacan 9.9 48.6 2 Aguascalientes 295,398 324,666 23.4 3 Zacatecas -8.3 Manual harvesting helps to ensure that only the fruits with an optimum 4 Estado de Mexico 133,621 164,835 7.3 level of ripeness for the market are selected. 5 Jalisco 25.5 6 Guerrero 95,770 87,784 21.2 2012-2017 Indicators 7 Guanajuato 39.4 8 Durango 46,903 50,336 -4.8 9 Hidalgo 16.0 10 Chiapas 9,364 11,751 -5.3 91.9 Rest 2,944 3,569 -46.1 1,980 2,759 783 745 444 515 462 438 Share in the national production of fruits 179 343 100% 2,949 1,591 Annual per capita consumption Area Volume Value Yield Average rural price 2.5 kg2.4 2.6 Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million /Thoencntaerse / MtoXnNne tonnes MXN Thousand hectares 14.6 4,981 1,617 23 NA 22 325 1.9 12.3 18.0 0.8 2.4 Annual 3.1 NA 3.1 5.0 4.4 2016-2017 1.2 NA 1.1 1.9 1.7% 1.5% AAGR 2012-2017 2012 2017 Does not apply IncreaseNational monthly production (%) Mostly available Moderately available Least or not availableThere is availability of the fruit throughout the year, although there is a higher concentration during the last quarter. 3.4 6.4 7.4 6.3 6.8 8.5 5.0 6.6 9.4 13.2 14.8 12.2 January February March April May June July August September October November December90

GuavaWorld ranking Mexico 4 2017 Mexican fields sown with guava trees 2012-2017 Foreign trade th world contribute five out of every 100 tonnes to 5 2012 producer the global harvest. Variation (%) 2012-2017 th world With a volume that represents 40% of the producer 324,666 tonnes world total, China stands out as the Imports Exports Trade balance Imports Exports leading producer of this fruit. 295,398 tonnes Votlounmnees 1 12,528 Value 0.012 22.6 12,527 99.5 85.52012-2017 Foreign trade million USD 22.588 435 103The exported volume of guava has continued to rise; during 2017, 12,528 tonnes were Increasesold abroad, which is practically twice the amount exported in 2012.Commercial origin-destinationThere are seven countries that acquire Mexican guava. The United States stands out, whichbought 93.6% of the total exported. In 2012, the number of destination countries was six. CCaanaddáa URneiintoedUnKidinogdom 21,469,670* Consumers from Holland USA and France like subtropical fruits; Mexican guava could fit right in their preferences.* USD Buyer Main Supplier Importer and Exporter(Mexican exports) (Mexican imports) 22.6Foreign trade evolution (million USD) Adequate geographical characteristics for the production 18.8 Altitude Rain Temperature Edaphology 0 to 1,400 600 to 1,000 16 to 34 °C Prefers loamy, silty and clay-loamy soils; depth MASL mm greater than 60 cm, pH of 4.5 - 8.2 14.7 Zacatecas and Aguascalientes do 11.1 11.8 13 not have the optimal conditions for 9.9 the cultivation of guava; however, they produce it through the 8.2 implementation of technologies. 8.61.1 0 0.002 0 0 0.014 0.01 0.012 Exports0.000001 0.0003 0 Imports2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecImports 8.4 7.7 10.0 10.0 10.4 10.4 9.2 3.8 5.8 3.4 8.4 12.5Exports 7.2 8.4 8.6 7.1 9.4 6.9 7.4 6.0 5.7 7.6 11.7 14.0 Guava production potential 91

TomatoThe production of tomato continued the growing trend observed inrecent years; mainly due to the higher yields obtained. The volumeharvested in 2017 was 631,000 tonnes larger than the obtained in 2012.2012-2017 National production volume Percentage of the production value by state(thousand tonnes) Baja California 9.5 TenTrdeenndcia The three states with the largest contribution to the 3,577 production value, generate together 9.806 billion MXN PArovmereadgioe for the sale of this vegetable. 2,6782,263 Sinaloa San Luis Potosi 2,044 15.7 13.2 2,278 1,8722008 2009 2010 20101 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2,838Top 10 in production volume 2,694Main producing states 2,875 3,098Rank State 3,349Volume (tonnes) Variation (%) 3,470 2012-2017 National total Variations %2012 2017 1 Sinaloa 22.2 2 San Luis Potosi 2,838,370 3,469,707 -9.8 3 Michoacan 193 4 Jalisco 1,039,368 937,796 48.3 5 Zacatecas 39.9 6 Baja California 116,137 340,836 39.0 7 Puebla -5.3 8 Sonora 171,039 253,576 145 9 Morelos 44.0 10 Oaxaca 156,660 219,134 62.9 Globe tomatoes are ideal for the preparation of 7.0 hamburgers; a slice of this vegetable can cover Rest 139,131 193,363 21.4 80% of the bun area. 189,636 179,574 2012-2017 Indicators 52,850 129,400 82,324 118,526 71,203 115,960 Share in the national production of vegetables 96,744 103,557 100% 723,279 877,986 Annual per capita consumption Area Volume Value Yield Average rural price 15.2 kg15.1 15.3 Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million /Thoencnteasre / MtoXnNne tonnes MXN Thousand hectares 25,483 50 0.1 50 3,470 69.1 7,345 6.8 Annual -2.9 -73.8 -2.1 3.6 14.2 5.8 3.0 2016-2017 6.1 9.7 -2.1 -25.7 -1.9 4.1 22.9% 21.5% AAGR 2012-2017 Decrease Increase 2012 2017National monthly production (%) Mostly available Moderately availableThere is production of this vegetable throughout the whole year, although there is an increase in November and December. 9.6 12.7 8.7 6.6 6.5 7.0 5.3 5.9 8.6 10.8 11.2 7.1 January February March April May June July August September October November December92

TomatoWorld ranking Mexico 10 2017 Mexican agriculture cultivates 2012-2017 Foreign trade th world various varieties of tomato and 10 2012 producer contributes 2.3% to the world Variation (%) 2012-2017 th world production of this vegetable. producer 3,469,707 tonnes On the planet, the annual production Imports Exports Trade balance Imports Exports of the vegetable amounts to 177 2,838,370 tonnes million tonnes; China contributes a Votlounmnees 6,198 1,596,571 1,590,374 -76.4 15.6 third of the total.2012-2017 Foreign trade Value 4.2 1,583 1,578.8 -86.6 58.1 million USDOf the vegetables exported by Mexico, tomato is sold the most; its international success is reflectedin its rank as first place worldwide by sales and volume. Increase DecreaseCommercial origin-destinationThe main target market of the national exports of tomato is the United States; nation that makesthe biggest imports in the world, from which the Mexican vegetable represents 90.1%. CCaannaaddáa Canada is the ninth world importer of this vegetable with 1,576,U36S4A,038* JJaappóann 215,000 annual tonnes. There are factors that could boost the volume that Mexico supplies to the aforementioned country.* USD Buyer Main Supplier Importer and Exporter(Mexican exports) (Mexican imports)Foreign trade evolution (million USD) Adequate geographical characteristics for the production 1,550 1,583 Altitude Rain Temperature Edaphology 0 to 1,800 600 to 1,300 15 to 30 °C The optimal soils are light silts in deep soils, MASL mm pH of 5.0 - 7.0 1,368 Tomato is produced in regions 1,293 with the appropriate geographical characteristics, therefore, the 976 1,015 1,159 states with the largest production match the areas with good 1,001 production potential.677 73246.3 67.3 71 47.2 31.8 25.1 32.6 17.9 0.8 4.2 Exports Imports2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecImports 1.4 0.8 1.0 0.4 0.7 5.7 32.6 42.2 5.7 7.8 0.9 0.8Exports 9.8 10.0 11.0 9.2 9.8 7.3 5.9 5.4 5.8 7.4 8.5 9.9 Tomato production potential 93

LettuceThe national lettuce production comes from twenty states of the countrywhich, following an increasing trend, generate more than 480,000 tonnes.2012-2017 National production volume Percentage of the production value by state(thousand tonnes) Baja California 13.3 TeTnrdeenndcia Guanajuato is the state with the largest volume of 487 lettuce, although due to the value of their production, PArovmereadgioe Zacatecas, Baja California and Puebla also stand out. 380 2902008 2009 2010 20101 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 318 341 Zacatecas 370 15.5 335Top 10 in production volume 381 GuanajuatoMain producing states 407 28.8 438Rank State 440Volume (tonnes) Variation (%) 481 2012-2017 National total Variations %2012 2017 1 Guanajuato 43.4 2 Zacatecas 335,337 480,808 108 3 Puebla 47.4 4 Aguascalientes 68,056 141,783 41.4 5 Baja California 45.9 6 Queretaro 58,560 86,334 -12.4 7 Michoacan -32.7 8 Sonora 49,092 69,410 -6.0 9 Estado de Mexico 47.2 10 Tlaxcala 35,184 51,328 30.8 There is a large number of commercial lettuce varieties in the world, which 83.2 acquire their name according to their type of leaf, color and head. In Mexico, Rest 26,825 23,502 43.3 the production of Romaine and \"Orejona\" lettuce varieties stands out. 33,490 22,540 15,894 14,935 9,895 14,564 9,586 12,535 Share in the national production of vegetables 6,682 12,245 2012-2017 Indicators 22,074 31,633 Annual per capita consumption Area Volume Value Yield Average 100% rural price Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million /Thoencntaerse / MtoXnNne tonnes MXN Thousand hectares 21 0.1 21 481 1,843 22.9 3,834 2.5 kg2.4 2.6 Annual 2.9 -75.7 4.8 9.3 24.6 4.3 14.0 2.7% 3.0% 2016-2017 4.1 -36.0 5.4 7.5 13.9 2.0 6.0 2012 2017 AAGR 2012-2017 Decrease Increase National monthly production (%) There is availability throughout the whole year, although there is a greater concentration in two periods: February-April and July-August. Mostly available Moderately available Least or not available 6.6 11.7 11.6 11.0 5.0 3.9 14.2 11.9 9.0 7.8 4.7 2.6 January February March April May June July August September October November December94

LettuceWorld ranking Mexico 9 2017 Two out of every hundred lettuces that th world are harvested on the planet come from 10 2012 producer Mexican fields. 2012-2017 Foreign trade th world China generates 55.7% of the world producer 480,808 tonnes volume of this herbaceous cultivar. Variation (%) 2012-2017 335,337 tonnes Imports Exports Trade balance Imports Exports Votlounmnees 22,383 199,087 176,703 -42.2 1542012-2017 Foreign trade Value 9.7 217 207.3 -38.2 137 million USDAmong the vegetables that Mexico sells to the foreign market, lettuce is ranked 7th by exported volume,which in 2017 reached 199,087 tonnes; amount that exceeds by 120,000  the one from 2012. Increase DecreaseCommercial origin-destinationTraditionally, the United States is the country to which the largest volume of the national vegetable isexported: 195,608 tonnes during 2017. Sales are also made to other 10 nations. CCaannaaddáa SCoorueathdeKloSurer a In the world, the Canadian market acquires the most lettuce 214,9U7S3A,400* from abroad: 283,000 annual tonnes. Of that purchase, the Mexican volume represents 2.3%.* USD Buyer Main Supplier Importer and Exporter (Mexican exports) (Mexican imports) 217Foreign trade evolution (million USD) Adequate geographical characteristics for the production Altitude Rain Temperature Edaphology 800 to 2,500 1,000 to 1,400 12 to 21 °C Light soils of loamy, loamy-clay-silty or clay-loamy MASL mm texture, pH of 6.0 - 6.8 134 141 Lettuce is produced mainly in 140 regions with high production 130 potential; however, there are zones in Oaxaca and Chiapas that 78.7 88.7 also have favorable conditions 73.2 91.7 to cultivate this product that are not currently being used.39.129.3 9.1 9.7 9 15.6 16.7 18.7 12.9 9.8 9.7 Exports2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 ImportsMonthly distribution of foreign trade (%) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecImports 4.2 2.9 2.5 1.3 7.5 9.8 13.0 16.2 15.3 6.2 10.7 10.4Exports 7.8 10.1 11.9 11.9 9.8 6.8 4.5 6.0 4.8 9.1 8.8 8.5 Lettuce production potential 95

LimeIn 2017, the production of lime maintained the growing trend of thelast years; the 2.5 million tonnes of harvest in that year render proof.The average annual growth during 2012-2017 was 4.1%. Percentage of the production value by state2012-2017 National production volume In 2017, the combined production(thousand tonnes) of Veracruz and Michoacan generated a revenue of 6.737 TenTdrendcia billion MXN, representing 53.4% of the national total. 2,454 PrAovmeeradgioe 2,1842,2292008 2009 2010 20101 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 1,966 1,891Top 10 in production volume Veracruz 2,133Main producing states 25.7 2,055Rank State 2,121Volume (tonnes) Variation (%) 2,187 2012-2017 National total 2,3262012 2017 1 Michoacan 2,416 22.3 2 Veracruz 2,5132,055,209 2,513,391 49.5 Michoacan 3 Oaxaca Variations % 17.9 27.7 4 Colima 475,568 711,181 37.6 5 Tamaulipas -31.7 The seedless lime has low acidity and greater 6 Jalisco 558,130 658,282 181 sweetness; characteristics appreciated by Oaxaca 7 Tabasco 118 consumers from European countries. 12.7 8 Guerrero 199,535 274,564 -0.2 9 Yucatan 5.7 10 San Luis Potosi 354,705 242,400 -41.5 288 Rest 43,817 123,169 58.6 40,777 89,003 84,106 83,971 75,016 79,275 126,924 74,244 Share in the national production of fruits 10,461 40,596 2012-2017 Indicators 100% 86,169 136,706 Annual per capita consumption Area Volume Value Yield Average rural price Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million Tonnes Thousand hectares tonnes MXN / hectare MXN 2,513 / tonne 194 NA 171 12,625 14.7 5,023 14.5 kg14.4 14.6 Annual 7.3 NA 5.4 4.0 22.3 -1.3 11.7% 11.3% 2016-2017 3.1 NA 2.7 4.1 20.8 1.3 17.5 16.0 AAGR 2012-2017 Does not apply Decrease Increase 2012 2017National monthly production (%) Mostly available Moderately available Least or not availableThe largest production is concentrated in the second half of the year. 5.6 4.8 4.6 6.3 8.0 9.6 11.5 10.8 7.8 11.9 10.3 8.8 January February March April May June July August September October November December96

LimeWorld ranking Mexico 2 2017 In the global production of lime, 2012-2017 Foreign trade nd world Mexican agriculture is one of the most 2 2012 producer productive. It has a contribution of 14% to Variation (%) 2012-2017 nd world the international harvested volume. producer 2,513,391 tonnes From the 258,000 hectares planted with Imports Exports Trade balance Imports Exports lemon trees, India obtains an annual 2,055,209 tonnes volume of this fruit that represents 17.2% Votlounmnees 3,015 729,650 726,635 112 16.3 of the global total.2012-2017 Foreign trade Value 3.2 500 496.8 204 114 million USDFrom the fruits exported by the country, this citrus ranks fourth for the value of its sales.During 2017, the volume sold abroad reached 729,650 tonnes. IncreaseCommercial origin-destinationThe largest importer of this fruit in the world is the United States, which acquired665,784 tonnes from Mexico during 2017. In the aforementioned year, the nationallime was marketed to 28 countries, 5 more than those registered in 2012.421,812,622* UnRietiendo UKninidgodoPNmaeístehseBraljaonsds Saudi Arabia represents a potential buyer for this USA Mexican citrus; the imports of the country located in the Middle East reach 121,000 annual tonnes.* USD Main Supplier Importer and Exporter Adequate geographical characteristics for the production Buyer (Mexican imports) 500(Mexican exports)Foreign trade evolution (million USD) Altitude Rain Temperature Edaphology 0 to 1,500 900 to 2,500 20 to 30 °C Loamy and sandy-loamy soils with depth and good 465 MASL mm humidity, pH of 6.0 - 8.3 373 Much of the national territory has adequate soil 376 and climate conditions for the production of lime. 234 Michoacan and Veracruz stand out as the main 202 220 286 producing states.157 1510.4 0.3 0.6 1.6 1 0.9 2.8 1.8 2.5 3.2 Exports Imports2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecImports 4.0 8.0 20.9 18.9 10.9 11.4 7.8 4.1 3.1 3.2 3.8 3.9Exports 5.9 4.8 6.9 6.5 9.8 8.8 10.1 11.8 10.6 8.8 8.3 7.7 Lime production potential 97

LIME: a typical match / garnish ITnam20a1u7li,pTaasmparoudliupjaosepnroduced a2b0o1u7ta1lr0e0d,e0d0o0rtdoenn1e0s0 mil In Mexico, citriculture is considered one of the main activities of the primary otofnlemlaodnas. de limón italiano. sector, being lime, for its production volume, one of the most important citrus. No Mexican table is without them. VEel rmacaryuozrisptrhoedluacrgtoerstde plirmodóuncepreorfsaPeerssiVaenrlaimcreu;z; Three species of lemon are cultivated in Mexico: Key lime (Mexican lime) dauhríinseg o20b1tu7,v5o3e.1n%20o1f 7the Citrus aurantifolia, Persian lime Citrus latifolia and Lemon Citrus limon. perlod5u3c.1ti%ondveoluvmoleuwmaesn Key lime (Mexican lime) production (%) odbetapirnoeddufcrocimónt.hat state. 62.0 Michoacaán produjcoed 21.1 695 tmhiolutosannedlatdoansndees 7.1 7.0 olimf Kóenyaligmrieo((Mmeexxiiccaanno) leinm2e0) 1in7.2017. Michoacan Colima Queretaro Oaxaca • It has a round shape; with thin and soft skin, green when unripe and becoming The juice content of lime for export must slightly yellow when it ripens. be at least 45 percent. • It is greenish yellow on the inside, juicy and with seeds. Persian lime production (%) 53.1 15.8 The Mexican Standard establishes the minimum quality specifications that must be 6.8 6.2 met by the lime for it to be packaged and sold fresh, within the national territory. Veracruz Oaxaca Tabasco Jalisco • It is classified from green to yellow, according to the Official Standard of color and size. • It differentiates from the Mexican lime because of its larger size and lack of seeds. • To consider that a lot meets Mexico Extra, Mexico A, Mexico B and Mexico C qualities, it • Being dark green during its development, it gradually turns light green or yellow. must match one of the colors of the Official Standard of color and size. • Its flavor is less sour and it has a slightly higher vitamin C content. Lemon production (%) 70.9% 16.8 11.3 Persian lime according Key lime according to Tamaulipas San Luis Yucatan to Mexican Standard Mexican Standard Potosi 0.6 Grade Millimeters Pieces per Baja (min - max) kilogram California Millimeters Pieces per 1 58 - 67 6 - 7 Grade (min - max) kilogram • The fruit is oval, with a neck at the base and a large elongated nipple-like protuberance 2 53 - 62 8 - 9 2 32.1 - 35.0 41 - 36 at the apex. • Its color is intense yellow when ripe. 3 48 - 57 10 3 35.1 - 37.0 35 - 30 • Its pulp is juicy and its acidity is low, with a scarce number of seeds. 4 46 - 52 11 - 12 4 37.1 - 39.0 29 - 24Source: SIAP. 5 43 - 46 13 5 43 - 46 Less than 24 pieces 6 38 - 43 1498