TIME TO READ 2

TIME TO READ 2 CONTENTS SISTER PLANET: VENUS ...................................................... 3 CAKE BOSS ............................................................................ 9 TWO IN ONE ............................................................................15 THE CLEANEST PEOPLE IN THE WORLD .................... 21 SUN SIGNS ...............................................................................27 THE YOUNG CHAMPION ................................................... 33 BASKETBALL ......................................................................... 39 ENIAC VS TABLET ............................................................... 45 THE HAPPIEST COUNTRY IN THE WORLD ...................... 51 THE EMPEROR PENGUIN .................................................. 57

UNIT 1 SISTER PLANET: VENUS 3 Before you read. 1) Are you interested in space? 2) Do you know the characteristics of the planets?

SISTER PLANET: VENUS Venus is the hottest planet in our solar system. Its size and composition is similar to Earth's so it’s called Earth’s “sister planet’’. Its surface temperature is about 447° C. It is hot enough to melt iron. Its temperature prevents the sunshine of the Sun and this causes extreme greenhouse 4 effect on Venus. Venus is the second planet far from the Sun. It orbits 108 million kilometers from the stars. Also, it is the closest planet to Earth. You can see Venus with a naked eye. It’s the brightest planet after the Sun and the Moon so some people call Venus as the morning star or the evening star. Venus rotates very slowly. It has the longest days of any planet in the solar system. Its full rotation takes 243 days. A day is longer than a year on Venus and it takes 225 days to complete its circuit around the Sun.

Unlike other planets, Venus rotates clockwise. 5 Surprisingly, the Sun rises in the west and sets in the east on Venus. The atmosphere of Venus mainly consists of carbon dioxide, nitrogen and sulfur dioxide. When its extreme temperate combines with these harmful gases, Venus looks like a red dragon and it is too frightening. It is interesting that Venus is the name of Roman goddess of love and beauty. So, Venus is the only planet in the solar system naming after a female figure. More than 40 spacecrafts traveled to Venus at different times. NASA’s Mariner 2 visited Venus in 1962. In 1989, NASA’s Magellan went there. Soviet Union’s Venera 13 traveled Venus in 1984. Kazakhstan’s Venus Express went there in 2005. JAXA visited Venus in 2015 and it has still been in operation on Venus. It continues collecting data about it. Maybe we could have new mysterious information about the sister planet in a short time. Unit 1

READING CHECK-UP A) Match the words with their meanings. bright / extreme / rotate / solar system / melt / greenhouse effect / hospitable / goddess / data / temperature 1) a female god: 2) ultimate; very great: 3) the measured amount of heat in a place or in the body: 4) become liquid by heat: 5) moving or causing to move in a circle round a centre: 6) facts, information: 7) full of light: 8) the collection of eight planets and their moons, asteroids: 6 9) an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide and other gases in the atmosphere: 10) intimate; close: B) Use the words in Exercise A to make sentences. 1) The weather is great; the sunshine of the sun is ………………… 2) I need some ………………………. for this research. 3) Deodorants cause ……………….and it is very dangerous. 4) Before you crack the eggs, …………. the butter in a saucepan. 5) I travelled Norway and the people were very …………….; I loved them very much. 6) Let’s go swimming. The ………………… of water is great for swimming. 7) Astronauts are trying to learn the mysteries of ………in space. 8) In Africa, people live in …………. poverty; they cannot find even bread.

READING CHECK-UP C) Answer the questions. 7 1) Why is there greenhouse effect on Venus? _________________________________ 2) Is Venus close to the Sun? _________________________________ 3) Why do the people call Venus as a morning or evening star? _________________________________ 4) Is Venus the hottest or the coldest planet? _________________________________ 5) Which gases does Venus contain in it? _________________________________ 6) How many days does Venus take completing its full rotation? _________________________________ 7) Which spacecraft visited Venus in 2015? _________________________________ 8) Where does the Sun rise on Venus? _________________________________

READING CHECK-UP D) Write the names of the planets. Uranus - Mars - Venus - Saturn - Jupiter - Neptune - Mercury 1) It’s the sister planet of world. _________ 2) It’s called as Red Planet. _________ 3) It’s called as the King Planet because it’s largest planet. _________ 8 It’s called as Ringed Planet because the rings orbit the planet. _________ 4) 5) It’s known as the coldest planet. _________ 6) It’s known as blue planet and also it’s the farthest planet from the sun. _________ 7) It’s the smallest and closest planet in the solar system. _________