Sphere-Handbook-2018-EN

INDEX financing 307 food assistance 200 monitoring 214 general 297 price fluctuations 213 health care delivery 298 seasonality 213 healthcare workers 302 strategies 212 NCD care 344 supply chains 214 public health data 308 food security support and development 293 acceptability 196 hepatitis 321 assessments 165, 166 high-risk groups, vector control 125 checklist 219 HIV/AIDS essential concepts 160 children 327 general 193 food assistance 200 linked to other rights 162 infant feeding 191 forecasting, essential medicines 305 malnutrition management 180 fortification, food products 182 overview 332 fraud 83 protection risks 15 fuel 260 HMIS (health management information systems) G 309, 354 host communities 248 gender 13, 87 host governments 70, 389 gender-based violence household duties 217 household items 258 further reading 47 general 14 artificial lighting 260 references/further reading 87 checklist 276 genocide, treaties 377 distribution 260 gifts-in-kind 83 household-level water treatment and safe storage governments. See host governments; (HWTSS) 112, 150 See donor governments household toilets 118 guidance notes 7 housing, land and property rights 47 human excreta. see also excreta management H definition 113 handwashing 99, 118 humanitarian assistance harm. see also do no harm concept access 40 avoidance of exposure 38 cash-based assistance 22 healthcare. see also health systems guidelines 384 right to receive 30, 386 acceptability 300 safety 39 checklist 349 treaties 383 children 322 Humanitarian Charter delivery 298 commitment 31 essential 311 common principles 29 essential concepts 292 general 5, 374 financing 307 overview 28 injury and trauma care 335 humanitarian organisations linked to other rights 293 complaint mechanisms 68, 69 mental health 339 constraints 58 non-communicable diseases 342 decision-making 59 palliative care 345 innovation policies 73 sexual and reproductive health 327 knowledge management 76 special considerations to protect 295 learning 73, 92 WASH 131 monitoring 59, 85 waste 136 policies to prevent negative effects 62 healthcare workers 302, 310. See also community humanitarian response appropriateness 54, 85 health workers (CHWs) communication 63 health indicators 356 complaints 66 health information systems 309 complementarity 70 health management information systems (HMIS) coordination 70 effectiveness 56, 86 309, 354 feedback 63 health surveillance systems 309 impartiality 40, 55, 386 health systems. see also healthcare essential medicines and medical devices 304 400

independence from governments 387 INDEX local capacities 59, 387 military forces 18, 72 confidentiality 66, 310 negative effects 59 disaggregation 12, 56, 310 operational setting 16 distributions 207 participation 63, 65 flow 389 people-centred 87 nutrition assessment 169 politics 386 organisational responsibilities 64 relevance 54 personal 61, 62 religion 386 public health 308 timeliness 56, 86 sensitivity 40, 43 human resources systems 56 sharing 65, 71, 73 human rights information systems guidelines 378 health 309 treaties and customary laws 375 health management 309, 354 hygiene. see also hygiene promotion nutrition and food security 167 food 209 informed consent 65 items 99 injuries menstrual 102, 118, 152 and trauma care 335 hygiene promotion from sharps 301 checklist 139 Integrated Community Case Management hygiene items 99 incontinence 102 (ICCM) 326 menstrual hygiene 102 Integrated Management of Childhood Illness overview 96 references/further reading 152 (IMCI) 326 inter-governmental organisations (IGOs) I difinition 386 ICCM (Integrated Community Case recommendations 390 Management) 326 internally displaced persons (IDPs) guidelines 382 IDPs. See internally displaced persons (IDPs) treaties on 381 IGOs (inter-governmental organisations) International Code of Marketing of Breastmilk definition 386 Substitutes 187 recommendations 390 international humanitarian law IMCI (Integrated Management of guidelines 380 Childhood Illness) 326 treaties 379 impartiality, humanitarian response 40, 55, 386 international law. see also international implementation humanitarian law cash-based assistance 22 right to adequate shelter 244 shelter and settlement 247 right to timely and appropriate healthcare 294 supply chain management 24 right to water and sanitation 94 incontinence 102, 153 intra-house food use 209 incremental tenure 268 IPC (infection prevention and control) 135, 155, 301 infant feeding IYCF-E assessment 189 artificial 187 breastfeeding 180 J complementary 190 HIV 191 joint distributions 101 malnutrition measuring 225 justice systems 44 multi-sectorial support 187 overview 185 K infant formula 190 infants and young children. see also infant feeding key actions 6 faeces 115 key indicators 7 illnesses 324 knowledge management 76 vaccination 322, 323 infections. see also tuberculosis (TB) L prevention and control (IPC) 135, 155, 301 respiratory 318 laboratory testing 318 information. See also communications landmines 47, 379 accessibility 43 learning collaboration 75 humanitarian organisations 73, 92 legal foundation, Sphere 374 legal frameworks, sexual violence 332 401

INDEX legal support 44 implementation 10 LGBTIQI people 15 MEAL 10 livelihoods programme design 9 right to adequate food 160 checklist 219 right to be free from hunger 160 general 211 strategy development 9 income and employment 215 use in context 8 primary production 211 monitoring settlements 253, 276 cash-based assistance 23 living spaces 254 food access 199 local actors, support 16 food delivery 208 local capacities 59, 387 food distributions 208 local leadership 60, 61 food production 214 logistics 26 food use 200, 209 general 59 M malnutrition management 176 Minimum Standards 10 malaria organisational responsibilities 85 prevention 125, 314 references/further reading 87 treatment 124 supply chain management 25 violations 42 malnutrition. see also nutrition; see also monitoring, evaluation, accountability and learning undernutrition (MEAL) 10 general 172 morbidity rates 350 managing 172, 173, 177, 6 mortality rates 349. see also crude mortality rates measuring 225 management. See supply chain management; (CMR); see also EWAR (Early Warning Alert and Response) See knowledge management; See dead mortality surveillance 351 management; See excreta management; See mother-to-child transmission, HIV 334 solid waste management; See malnutrition: managing; See wound management N market analysis food security assessment 168 national actors, support 16 references/further reading 26 natural resources 272 response analysis 20 negative effects market-based programming general 9, 20 abuse 61 household items 260 humanitarian response 59 hygiene items 101 newborn care 326, 328 references/further reading 26 NGHAs. See non-governmental humanitarian water 108 market waste 130 agencies (NGHAs) maternal care 328 NGOs (non-governmental organisations) 385 MEAL (monitoring, evaluation, accountability and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) 342 learning) 10 non-displaced households 247 measles 323 non-governmental humanitarian medical devices 304, 306, 345 medicines agencies (NGHAs) availability 347 definition 385 essential 304, 345 general 389, 390 psychotropic 342 non-governmental organisations (NGOs) 385 meningitis 320 nutrition. see also malnutrition menstrual hygiene 102, 118, 152 assessment 165, 169, 223 mental health essential concepts 160 overview 339 quality 199 psychosocial support 15, 3, 180 requirements 198, 231 references/further reading 4 WASH 155 micronutrients nutrition manuals 5 deficiencies 182, 191, 228 military forces 18, 72 O mine actions 47 Minimum Standards 6 obstetrics 328 assessment and analysis 9 older people general 31 food assistance 200 further reading 47 402

INDEX malnutrition 227 pneumonia 326 protection 13 poisoning 358, 5 organisational responsibilities polio 321, 324 appropriateness and relevance humanitarian politics 386 PPE (personal protective equipment) 137, 301 response 55 pre-crisis data, food security collaboration 71 communication 64 assessment 167 complaints 67 preparation/processing, food 209 effectiveness and timeliness 58 prequalified kits 306 feedback 65 prevention. see also vaccination information 64 learning policies 74 communicable diseases 312 monitoring 85 HIV 334 negative effects of humanitarian response 61 infections 135, 155, 301 resources management 81 malaria 125, 314 staff members 77 malnutrition 174 organisations. See humanitarian organisations micronutrient deficiencies 183 outbreaks of diseases risk assessments 313 alerts 353 privacy 256 control 319 private sector detection 315 humanitarian response 72 investigations 316 livelihood protection 218 responses 131 procurement, essential medicines 305 thresholds 316 Professional Standards for Protection Work 45 WASH 154 programme design. see also P market-based programming cash-based assistance 22 pain control 338 malnutrition management 174, 178 palatability, water 111 Minimum Standards 9 palliative care 345, 4 supply chain management 24 participation protection activities 37 humanitarian response 63, 65 children 12, 327 shelter construction 263 HIV/AIDS patients 15 partner organisations 73 LGBTIQI people 15 patients living spaces 256 adverse events 302 mechanisms 40, 42 rehabilitation 338 older people 13 rights 300 persons with disabilities 14 social reintegration 338 references/further reading 47, 88 payments 217 right 30 people. See also children; see also older people; see also WASH 152 Protection Principles persons with disabilities; see also infants and application 37 young children; see also people on the move food security and nutrition 163 definition 10 general 5, 36 rights of, with mental health conditions 342 links to rights to adequate shelter 244 people on the move links to right to timely and appropriate solid waste generation 127 WASH 99 healthcare 294 performance indicators, malnutrition links to right to water and sanitation 95 management 179 protracted crises 17 personal protective equipment (PPE) 137, 301 proxy measures, food security persons with disabilities food assistance 200 assessment 168 malnutrition measuring 227 psychological interventions 341 protection 14 psychosocial support 15, 180 references/further reading 47, 86 psychotropic medicines 342 pertussis 321 public health risks, WASH 92 planning purchasing powers 217 location and settlement 249 shelter and settlement 246 Q solid waste management 129 quality food 201 403

INDEX risks security 214 healthcare workers 304 undernutrition 223 nutrition 199 vector control 122 water 109, 135 WASH 97 quantities toilets 146 rural areas 273 water 107, 135, 145 S R safeguarding rape 330 dignity 38 rapid responses, nutrition assessment 170 personal information 61, 62 rations 199, 206 rights 38 recipient goverments. See host governments recycling, waste 128, 272 safety. see also safeguarding refugees distributions 101, 207 fire 252 treaties 381 healthcare facilities 301 registration processes, food assistance 206 healthcare workers 310 rehabilitation, patients 338 household items 260 religion humanitarian assistance 39 living spaces 256 humanitarian response 386 public buildings 265 palliative care 347 settlements 240, 253 reproductive health. See sexual and reproductive toilets 117 trauma care 337 health vaccines 324 resources. see also natural resources water chain 110 work 217 excreta as 120 management 80 safety-net measures, livelihoods 216 respiratory infections 318 schools, WASH 104 response analysis 20 security, right 30 restricted weapons 379 seeds 214, 221 return, displaced people 248 selection, essential medicines 305 reuse separated children 327 solid waste 128 settlement scenarios waste 272 rights characteristics 280 claiming 43 descriptions 278 complicity in violation 39 post-crisis 242 patients 300 settlements/shelter safeguarding 38 access 252 right to adequate food 160, 163 assistance options 282 right to adequate shelter checklist 274 general 240 crime reduction 252 links to Core Humanitarian Standard 244 decommissioning and handover 253 links to international law 244 energy supply 260 links to other rights 242 environment 270 links to Protection Principle 244 essential services and facilities 250 right to be free from hunger 160 fire safety 252 right to life with dignity 29 household items 258 right to protection and security 30 implementation options 247, 285 right to receive humanitarian assistance 30, key concepts 240 livelihoods 248, 253, 276 40, 386 living space 254 right to seek asylum or sanctuary 31 operation and maintenance 253 right to timely and appropriate healthcare planning 246, 249 safety 240, 253 links to Core Humanitarian Standard 294 site planning 251 links to international law 294 site selection 122, 272 links to Protection Principles 294 surface areas 251 right to water and sanitation 92 technical assistance 262 international law 94 tenure 266 linked to other rights 94 thermal comfort 260 links to Core Humanitarian Standard 95 links to Protection Principles 95 reference/further reading 151 risk assessments, disease prevention 313 404

INDEX urban areas 241 T sexual and reproductive health targeting, food assistance 205 general 327 TB (tuberculosis) 318 HIV 332 tenure sexual violence 330 sexual exploitation and abuse (SEA) definition 267 by staff members 62 security 266 complaint mechanisms 68, 69 thermal comfort 260 sexual violence 330 timeliness 56 shelter. See settlements/shelter toilets site access 115 planning 251 communal 118 selection 122, 272 household 118 social reintegration, patients 338 promotion 99 solid waste management quantities 146 checklist 143 use of word 113 community level 129 torture 377 household and personal actions 128 transition strategies overview 126 food security 195 reference/further reading 154 general 60 Sphere 4, 374 transparency 84 Sphere Handbook traumas. See injuries chapters 5 treatment general 4 malaria 124 staff members malnutrition 174 behaviour and codes of conduct 70 micronutrient deficiencies 184 competencies 77, 79 water 153 conflicts of interest 83 treatment needs, complex 344 exploitation and abuse by 61 treatment protocol 318 policies 77, 78, 79 triage 337 sexual exploitation and abuse by 62 tuberculosis (TB) 318 skills development 79 support for 76 U volunteers 78 well-being 78, 80 undernutrition. see also malnutrition stakeholders. See host governments; causes 160 interpreting levels of 171 See humanitarian organisations risks 223 standards. see also Minimum Standards vulnerable groups 162 links with other standards 7 Universal Health Coverage 2030 307 structure 6 urban areas storage essential medicines 306 challenges 17, 162 food 209, 215 health responses 293 water 100, 108, 112 natural resources 273 strategies. see also exit strategies; see also transition settlement and shelter 241 solid waste management 127 strategies; See also coping strategies WASH 93 development 9 supplementary feeding programmes 177 V supplementation, micronutrients 182 supplies vaccination incontinence 103 campaigns 313, 320 menstrual hygiene 103 children 322, 323 supply chain management 23, 26 infants and young children 322, 323 support. See also community support infant and young child feeding 187 vector control legal 44 biological and non-chemical control 123 local actors 16 checklist 142 national actors 16 environmental engineering measures 123 palliative care 347 general 121 psychosocial 15, 180 household and personal level 124 staff members 76 living spaces 257 surgical care 337 405

INDEX post-delivery contamination 111 protected source 111 malaria treatment 124 quality 109, 135, 154 national and international protocols 124 quantities 107, 135, 145 reference/further reading 154 round-trip and queuing time 108 settlement level 121 source selection 106 ventilation 257 storage 100, 108, 112 violations, monitoring 42 supply 140 viral haemorrhagic fever 320 systems and infrastructure 108 volunteers 78 treatment 153 vulnerabilities 10, 56, 387 Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene vulnerable groups references/further reading 5 Promotion (WASH) undernutrition 162 approaches 94 cash-based assistance 156 W checklist 139 essential concepts 92 WASH. See Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene excreta control 113 Promotion (WASH) health care 131 hygiene promotion 96 washing facilities 109 impact on health 151 waste. See also excreta management; see also nutrition 155 programming 151 market waste; see also solid waste protection 152 management risks 97 abattoir 130 solid waste management 126 recycling 272 vector control 121 reuse 272 water supply 105 waste handlers 127 wholegrain cereals 203 water women, pregnant and breastfeeding 189 access 105 wound management 338 bottled/treated 109 chlorine solutions 135 Y containers 100, 108 contamination 111 yellow fever 321 disinfection 111 young children. See infants and young children faecal material 114 youths, construction activities 263 infections 147 measurement 107 palatability 111 406