Climate Change1

Climate Change Prisha Bhagat Class: 7-B Roll no.-30

Introduction • Global warming is a long term rise in the average temperature of the Earths climate. Its major aspect is CLIMATE CHANGE. • Global warming is mainly human caused increase in the global surface temperature, while climate change includes both global warming and its effects, such as changes in precipitation.

• Climate change encompasses not only rising average temperatures but also extreme weather events, shifting wildlife populations and habitats, rising seas temperature, and a range of other impacts. All of these changes are emerging as humans continue to add heat-trapping greenhouse gases to the atmosphere

Effects There are many bad effects of global warming like: • Stronger Hurricanes • Crop failure • More droughts • Mass extinction of species • More frequent floods • Water scarcity

Human health • There is near unanimous scientific consensus that greenhouse gas emissions generated by human activity will change Earth's climate. Climate change will affect human health in many ways adversely. • There are many bad effect of climate change on public health. A warmer climate is expected to increase the risk of illnesses and death from extreme heat and poor air quality. Climate change will likely increase the frequency and strength of extreme events. It would cause many lung problems.

Biodiversity • Changes in biodiversity and ecosystem services due to climate change are not all negative, with some species either thriving or adapting. Aquatic freshwater habitats and wetlands, mangroves, coral reefs, arctic and alpine ecosystems, and cloud forests are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. • Most of these observed changes are modest, which is possibly due to the limited change in climate that has occurred. However, future projected changes in climate are much larger. • Climate change is affecting the habitats of several species, which must either adapt or migrate to areas with more favorable conditions. Even small changes in average temperatures can have a significant effect upon ecosystems.

Flora and Fauna • As the Earth gets warmer, plants and animals that need to live in cold places, like on mountaintops or in the Arctic, might not have a suitable place to live. If the Earth keeps getting warmer, up to one–fourth of all the plants and animals on Earth could become extinct within 100 years. Every plant and animal plays a role in the ecosystem (for example, as a source of food, a predator, a pollinator, a source of shelter), so losing one species can affect many others. • Most plants and animals live in areas with very specific climate conditions, such as temperature and rainfall patterns, that enable them to thrive. Any change in the climate of an area can affect the plants and animals living there, as well as the makeup of the entire ecosystem. Some species are already responding to a warmer climate by moving to cooler locations. • Coral reefs are created in shallow tropical waters by millions of tiny animals called corals. Each coral makes a skeleton for itself, and over time, these skeletons build curpetaotucrreesa.tWe acromraelrrweeaftse,rwhhaischalrperaodviydceahuasbeidtactofroarl bloletsacohfifnigsh(aantdypoethoefrdoacmeaagne to corals) in many parts of the world. By 2050, live corals could become rare in tropical and sub-tropical reefs due to the combined effects of warmer water and increased ocean acidity caused by more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

EFFECTS ON AGRICULTURE • As our climate continues to heat up and the impacts of that warming grow more frequent and severe, farmers and farm communities around the world will be increasingly challenged. • In fact, the industrial model that dominates our nation’s agriculture—a model that neglects soils, reduces diversity, and relies too heavily on fertilizers and pesticides—makes farms susceptible to climate impacts in several ways. • Changing precipitation patterns: Rainfall patterns have already begun shifting ayecraorss.s Tthheisciosulinkterlyy, atondmseuacnh mchoarnegiensteanrseeepxepreicotdesdotfohienatveynsriafiynoavnedr ltohnegceormdrinyg periods, even within the same regions. • Changing temperature patterns: Rising average temperatures, more extreme heat throughout the year, fewer sufficiently cool days during the winter, and more frequent cold-season thaws will likely affect farmers in all regions.

• Floods: We’ve already seen an increase in flooding in many agricultural regions of the country. These costly floods devastate crops and livestock, accelerate soil erosion, pollute water, and damage roads, bridges, schools, and other infrastructure. • Droughts: Too little water can be just as damaging as too much. Severe droughts have taken a heavy toll on crops, livestock, and farmers in many parts of the country • Changes in crop and livestock viability: Farmers choose crop varieties and animal breeds that are well suited to local conditions. • New pests, pathogens, and weed problems: Just as farmers will need to find new crops, livestock, and practices, they will have to cope with new threats.

How Can We Stop Global Warming 1.Power your home with renewable energy 2.Invest in energy-efficient appliances 3.Reduce water waste 4.Deforestation 5.Growing plants at a Larger scale.

Thank you! • Prisha Bhagat • Class 7-B • Roll no. 30