UNIT 1 AWS

AWS Fundamentals: Introduction to AWS and the Cloud UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION TO AWS AND THE CLOUD Structure 1.1 Learning Objectives 1.2 Introduction 1.3 Cloud Computing 1.4 Amazon Web Services 1.5 Creating An AWS Account 1.6 Summary 1.7 Glossary 1.8 References 1.1 Learning Objectives After studying this unit, you will be able to: • Get a conceptual overview on Cloud Computing • Acknowledge yourself on Amazon Web Services • Understand AWS Architecture and Terminology • Create an AWS Account 1.2 Introduction The concept of cloud computing can be very confusing. In this chapter, we’ll start by giving you a general overview of the cloud and the concepts associated with it. Then we will discuss some of the factors that are driving organizations to the cloud. We will get to know several top leading companies providing cloud computing services. Then we will dive ourselves to the main topic which is Amazon Web Services. 1.3 Cloud Computing Many people think the cloud as a collection of technologies. It’s true that there is a set of common technologies that typically make up a cloud environment, but these technologies are not the essence of the cloud. The cloud is actually a service or group of services. This is partially the reason that the cloud has been so hard to define. Page 1 of 8 All Rights Reserved. Vol. TLE001/03-2022

AWS Fundamentals: Introduction to AWS and the Cloud In Simple terms, Cloud computing is the on-demand availability of computer system resources that are hosted on internet instead of computer’s hard drive or local server. It is the delivery of computing services including servers, storage, databases, networking, software, analytics, and intelligence over the Internet. The cloud offer faster innovation, flexible resources, and economies of scale. It helps to lower your operational costs, can run your infrastructure more efficiently and scale as your business needs change The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) came up with a formal definition for cloud computing. According to the official NIST definition, \"cloud computing is a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction.\" Even with the changes, the NIST definition still remains the standard most people refer to when talking about the cloud. The NIST definition lists five essential characteristics of cloud computing: on- demand self-service, broad network access, resource pooling, rapid elasticity or expansion, and measured service. Cloud Computing Service Models The way the cloud is used varies from organization to organization. Every organization has its own requirements as to what services it wants to access from a cloud and how much control it wants to have over the environment. To accommodate these varying requirements, a cloud environment can be implemented using different service models. Cloud computing can be broken up into the three standard models are Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Software as a Service (SaaS). SAAS PAAS IAAS Page 2 of 8 All Rights Reserved. Vol. TLE001/03-2022

AWS Fundamentals: Introduction to AWS and the Cloud Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) Infrastructure as a Service, or IaaS, provides basic infrastructure services to customers. These services may include physical machines, virtual machines, networking, storage, or some combination of these. You are then able to build whatever you need on top of the managed infrastructure. IaaS implementations are used to replace internally managed data centers. Platform as a service (PaaS) Platform as a Service, or PaaS, provides an operating system, development platform, and/or a database platform. PaaS implementations allow organizations to develop applications without having to worry about building the infrastructure needed to support the development environment. Software as a service (SaaS) Software as a Service, or SaaS, provides application and data services. Applications, data, and all the necessary platforms and infrastructure are provided by the service provider. SaaS is the original cloud service model. It still remains the most popular model, offering by far the largest number of provider options. Cloud Computing Advantages Given below are the benefits of cloud computing services: 1. Back-up and restore data It is easier to get back up and restore that data using the cloud. 2. Improved collaboration Cloud applications improve collaboration by allowing groups of people to quickly and easily share information in the cloud via shared storage. 3. Excellent accessibility An internet cloud infrastructure increases organization productivity and efficiency by ensuring that our data is always accessible. 4. Low maintenance cost Cloud computing reduces both hardware and software maintenance costs for organizations. 5. Mobility Cloud computing allows us to easily access all cloud data via mobile. 6. Services in the pay-per-use model Page 3 of 8 All Rights Reserved. Vol. TLE001/03-2022

AWS Fundamentals: Introduction to AWS and the Cloud Cloud computing offers Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) to the users for access services on the cloud and pays the charges as per the usage of service. 7. Unlimited storage capacity Cloud offers us a huge amount of storing capacity for storing our important data such as documents, images, audio, video, etc. in one place. 8. Data security Data security is one of the biggest advantages of cloud computing. Cloud offers many advanced features related to security and ensures that data is securely stored and handled. There are many cloud service providers: Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud, Alibaba Cloud, IBM Cloud, Oracle, Salesforce, SAP, Rackspace Cloud, VMWare etc. The two leaders in cloud computing are Amazon and Microsoft, followed by Google, Alibaba, and IBM. 1.4 Amazon Web Services Amazon Web Services, Inc. (AWS) is a subsidiary of Amazon (An American multinational company) providing on-demand cloud computing platforms and APIs to individuals, companies, and governments, on a metered pay-as-you-go basis. Amazon Company started offering cloud computing services in 2006 and since then it has invested billions of dollars in IT resources distributed across the globe. AWS is like for everybody and each service can be configured based on a particular user’s needs. It has data centres placed around the world. It stands as a Leader for the 11th Consecutive Year in 2021 Gartner Magic Quadrant for Cloud Infrastructure & Platform Services (CIPS). AWS dominates the market with 33.8 per cent global market share while its closest competitors—Microsoft, Google, and IBM—together account for 30.8 per cent of the total mark Amazon Web Services Basic Architecture The basic structure of AWS EC2, where EC2 stands for Elastic Compute Cloud. EC2 allow users to use virtual machines of different configurations as per their requirement. It allows various configuration options, mapping of an individual server, various pricing options, etc. Following is the diagrammatic representation of the architecture. Page 4 of 8 All Rights Reserved. Vol. TLE001/03-2022

AWS Fundamentals: Introduction to AWS and the Cloud Note: In the above diagram S3 stands for Simple Storage Service. It allows the users to store and retrieve various types of data using API calls. It doesn’t contain any computing element. AWS Regions and Availability Zones AWS has the concept of a Region, which is a physical location around the world where we cluster data centers. We call each group of logical data centers an Availability Zone. Page 5 of 8 All Rights Reserved. Vol. TLE001/03-2022

AWS Fundamentals: Introduction to AWS and the Cloud For cloud application and service delivery, customers provision and connect their end users and organizational environments to the following AWS global infrastructure components: • AWS Regions - physical locations around the world where Amazon clusters data centers for application and service delivery in an AWS region • AWS Availability Zones - grouping of one or more discrete data centers that provide applications and services in an AWS region • AWS Local Zones - AWS Region extensions that place compute storage, databases, and other AWS services in closer proximity to large populations, IT centers, and industries. • AWS Wavelength Zones - Wavelength zones provide 5G telecommunications connections inside AWS Regions. Wavelength zones embed AWS compute and storage capabilities within communication service providers’ (CSPs) data centers at the edge of their 5G networks 1.5 AWS ACCOUNT ACTIVATION PROCESS Sign up using your email address 1. Open the Amazon Web Services (AWS) home page. 2. Choose Create an AWS Account. Note: If you signed in to AWS recently, choose Sign in to the Console. If Create a Page 6 of 8 All Rights Reserved. Vol. TLE001/03-2022

AWS Fundamentals: Introduction to AWS and the Cloud new AWS account isn't visible, first choose Sign in to a different account, and then choose to Create a new AWS account. 3. Enter your email address, password, AWS account name, and then choose Continue. Be sure that you enter your account information correctly, especially your email address. If you enter your email address incorrectly, you can't access your account. Add your contact information 1. Select Business or Personal. Note: Personal accounts and business accounts have the same features and functions. 2. Enter your company or personal information. Important: For business AWS accounts, it's a best practice to enter the company phone number rather than a personal cell phone. Configuring a root account with an individual email address or a personal phone number can make your account insecure. 3. Read and accept the AWS Customer Agreement. 4. Choose Continue. You receive an email to confirm that your account is created. Add a payment method Choose an AWS Support plan On the Billing information page, enter the information about your payment method. Verify your phone number 1. On the Confirm your identity page, select a contact method to receive a verification code. 2. Select your phone number country or region code from the list. 3. Enter a mobile phone number where you can be reached in the next few minutes. 4. If presented with a CAPTCHA, enter the displayed code, and then submit. 5. In a few moments, an automated system contacts you. 6. Enter the PIN you receive, and then choose continue. Page 7 of 8 All Rights Reserved. Vol. TLE001/03-2022

AWS Fundamentals: Introduction to AWS and the Cloud On the Select a support plan page, choose one of the available Support plans. Wait for account activation After you choose a Support plan, a confirmation page indicates that your account is being activated. Accounts are usually activated within a few minutes, but the process might take up to 24 hours. 1.6 Summary • Cloud Computing is a set of common technologies that typically make up a cloud environment • Cloud-computing providers offer their \"services\" according to different models of which the three standard models are Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Software as a Service (SaaS). • There are many cloud service providers • AWS is a pioneered the modern-day cloud service provider in the world 1.7 Glossary • Cloud: computing services over the internet. • Mobility: technologies and services that enable people and goods to move around more freely. • IaaS: Infrastructure as a service • PaaS: Platform as a service • SaaS: Software as a service 1.8 References • Derrick Rountree and Ileana Castrillo, “The Basics of Cloud Computing”, 2013. • Referral Links: https://aws.amazon.com/about-aws Page 8 of 8 All Rights Reserved. Vol. TLE001/03-2022