E-LESSON-10 ,

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B.SC TTM 2 All right are reserved with CU-IDOL MANAGING TRANSPORT OPERATIONS Course Code: BTT 102 Semester: First SLM Units: 10 E-LESSON : 7 www.cuidol.in Unit-10 (BTT 102)

Air Transportation 33 OBJECTIVES INTRODUCTION Student will be able to : In this unit we are going to learn about the To Understand the Importance of transportation foundation, features, merits and demerits of as a component of tourism . air transport. To Develop and understand the global tourist Under this unit we will Analyze the transport business knowledge of various types of airlines. To Gain knowledge of Indian transport systems and its usages. www.cuidol.in Unit-10 (BTT 102) INASllTITriUgThEt aOrFeDreISsTeArNveCdE AwNitDh OCNUL-IIDNOE LLEARNING

TOPICS TO BE COVERED 4 > Introduction to Air transport > History of Air transport > Features, merits and demerits of air transport > Various types of airlines a) Domestic Airlines b) International airlines c) Intercontinental airlines d) Regional airlines e) Charter airlines www.cuidol.in Unit-10 (BTT 102) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

AIR TRANSPORT 5 INTRODUCTION:  Transport contributes significantly to our socio economic needs.  Air transport enables incorporation into the global economy and provides vital connectivity on a national and international scale.  Air transport permits people from different nationalities to cross international boundaries and travel other countries for leisure, business and other tourism purposes.  There are various forms of air travel such as helicopters, hot air balloons, blimps, gliders, parachute, airplanes, aircraft etc. www.cuidol.in Unit-10 (BTT 102) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

HISTORY OF AIR TRANSPORT 6  The Montgolfier brothers their first air balloon in 1973.  In the year 1852, the first airship , fitted with a steam engine was flown by Henri Giffard from Paris.  The Wright brothers made the first engine powered flight in ‘The flyer” in 1903.  On December 17, 1903, Orville and Wright brothers built up the first powered flight which flew for 12 seconds.  First airline (Delang), 1909  First Commercial Flight, 1914  First all metal plane was built by a German, in 1915 which travelled at 170 km per hour.  The first helicopter which carries passengers was developed in 1940.  1970, First Boeing 747 commercial flight  In 1986, first non stop flight around the world travelled. www.cuidol.in Unit-10 (BTT 102) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

FOUNDATION OF INDIAN SYSTEM 7  In 1911, India started with Air transport. The first service began between Allahabad and Naini.  The first international flight of India was established in December 1912 over the route, LONDON- KARACHI-DELHI with the combination of Indian state air services and the UK rooted royal airways.  Air transport was only symbolic and played relatively small role in the economy of the nation. After the enactment of Air Corporations Act, 1953, the air transport industry in India was set up by two corporations viz Indian airlines and Air India.  ‘Vayudoot’ was formed as a subsidiary of Indian airlines and Air India to cater to hilly and inaccessible areas.  ‘Pawan Hans’ provides helicopter services to remote places in 1985.  In 1972, International Airport Authority of India was established and in 1986 National Airport Authority of India was installed. www.cuidol.in Unit-10 (BTT 102) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

AIR TRANSPORT 8 www.cuidol.in Unit-10 (BTT 102) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

AIR TRANSPORT 9 www.cuidol.in Unit-10 (BTT 102) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

FEATURES OF AIR TRANSPORT 10  Pre- decided time schedule.  Most Suitable mode of transport for long distances.  Not suitable for transporting heavy goods.  Definite corridors while crossing over different countries due to safety reasons.  Light, costly and perishable goods are transported by aero planes  Air transport is suitable for hilly, desert, in accessible areas where other means of transport are not favorable.  Suitable for relief operations at any place, at time of calamities and emergencies, such as floods- earthquakes, accidents etc. www.cuidol.in Unit-10 (BTT 102) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

AIRLINE  An airline is a company that provides air transport services for travelling passengers and freight. 11  Airline utilize aircraft to supply these services, and may form partnerships or alliances with other airlines for code share agreements.  Generally, airline companies are recognized with an air operating certificate or license issued by a governmental aviation body.  Airlines are classified by their routes and by their schedules. The major two classifications are domestic and international.  The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) also distinguishes between scheduled and non-scheduled operator. www.cuidol.in Unit-10 (BTT 102) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

DIFFERENT CLASS OF SERVICE ON A PLANE 12  First class, generally the most expensive and most comfortable seat available.  Business class, high quality, traditionally purchased by business travelers.  Premium economy, slightly better than economy class seating .  Economy class, basic seating, commonly purchased by leisure travellers.. www.cuidol.in Unit-10 (BTT 102) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

DOMESTIC AIRLINES 13  A domestic flight is a form of commercial flight within civil aviation where the departure and the arrival takes place within a country.  Airports serving domestic flights only are known as domestic airports.  Domestic flights are generally cheaper and shorter than most international flights.  Some international flights may be cheaper than domestic ones due to the short distance between the pair of different countries.  To travel within the country, you can search online for flights of full-service airlines like Vistara, Jet airways and Air India or budget carriers like Air Costa, Air India Regional, Spice Jet, Air India Express, Indigo, Go Air. www.cuidol.in Unit-10 (BTT 102) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

DOMESTIC AIRLINES 14 www.cuidol.in Unit-10 (BTT 102) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

 An international flight is a form of commercial flight 15 within civil aviation where the departure and the arrival takes place in different countries. INTERNATIONAL AIRLINES  Airports serving international flights are known as International airports.  International airports also host domestic airlines.  An International airport is an airport with customs and border control facilities enabling passengers to travel between countries.  Many also serves as hubs, or places where non-direct flights may land and passengers may switch planes, while others serve primarily direct point to point flights. www.cuidol.in Unit-10 (BTT 102) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

INTERCONTINENTAL AIRLINES 16  This affects airport design factors, including the number and placement of terminals as well with the flow of passengers and baggage between different areas of the airport.  An airport specializing in point to point transit can have international and domestic terminals, each in separate building equipped with separate baggage handling facilities.  An intercontinental flight is a type of flight that flies from one continent to another.  For Example, a flight from Hong Kong to Brisbane is flying from one continent (Asia) to another (Oceania).  They can be from any continent to another, as long as the start and end destinations are in different continents. www.cuidol.in Unit-10 (BTT 102) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

REGIONAL AIRLINES 17 All right are reserved with CU-IDOL  Regional airlines are airlines that operate regional aircraft to provide passenger air service to communities without sufficient demand to attract mainline service.  Regional airlines generally have smaller capacity aircraft and fly to smaller cities and bring passengers to main hubs.  Sky West is the largest regional airline in the United States.  Alliance Air is an Indian Regional Airline and wholly owned subsidiary of Air India. It was founded in 1996 and mainly operates domestic routes as part of government’s regional connectivity scheme. www.cuidol.in Unit-10 (BTT 102)

 A charter flight is an unscheduled flight that is not part of a 18 CHARTER AIRLINES regular airline routing.  With a charter flight, you rent the entire aircraft and can determine departure/arrival locations and times.  There are several types of charter flight;  Private Charter  Single Entity  Affinity  Public Charter  Taj Air of India and Titan Air of UK are the examples of charter www.cuidol.in flights All right are reserved with CU-IDOL Un.it-10 (BTT 102)

SUMMARY 19  Tourism is a complex industry that involves a broad range of businesses, organizations and government agencies working together at different levels to deliver a complete tourism experience.  Air transport provides the fastest means by saving the time of journey.  Aviation provides the only transportation network across the globe and it is crucial for global business development and tourism enrichment.  Air transportation is one of the most important services to offer both significant social and economic benefits.  An airline is a company that provides air transport services for travelling passengers and freight. www.cuidol.in Unit-10 (BTT 102) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

SUMMARY 20  Airlines utilize aircraft to supply these services, and may form partnerships or alliances with other airlines for codeshare agreements.  Airlines traditionally have three travel class, First class, Business class, and economy class. Depending on the cabin configuration will determine how many classes of services are offered. www.cuidol.in Unit-10 (BTT 102) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS 1) The most expensive and most comfortable seating on a plane: 21 A) Economy class C) Business class B) First class D) Executive class 2) The first airship, fitted with a steam engine was flown by, A) Henry Giffard C) Wright brothers B) Herman Junkers D) Montgolfier 3) A type of flight that flies from one continent to another A) Regional flight C) Inter- continental flight B) International flight D) Domestic flight 4) The largest regional airlines in the United States; A) Sky West C) American Eagle B) Ohana D) Titan Answers: 1.(c) , 2.(a) , 3. (c) , 4. (a) www.cuidol.in Unit-10 (BTT 102) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS 22 Q1. Trace the history of Air Transport. Ans: Air transport started in 1852 when first airstrip was made and then many developments occurred at different points of time in history. For further details Refer to the SLM. Q2. Weigh the pros and cons of Air transport. Ans: Air transport offers many benefits which is why it is most preferred over other means of transport when long distances are to be covered. However, it has certain limitations too. For further details Refer to the SLM. Q3. Explain different types of airlines. Ans: The airlines can be classified as : 1) Domestic Airlines 2) International Airlines 3) Intercontinental Airlines 4) Regional Airlines 5) Charter Airlines For further details Refer to the SLM. www.cuidol.in Unit-10 (BTT 102) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

REFERENCES 23 1. Tourism: Operations and Management, 2009 –S.Roday, Archana Biwal, Vandana Joshi- Oxford Publications 2. Tourism principles and practices, Oxford Publications, Sampada Swain, Jitendra Mishra 3. Air Transportation- A Management perspective, 1984- John G. Wensveen- 8th edition 4. Road Transportation, SM Trivedi -2010 5. Benson, D. and Whitehead G. 1985, Transport and distribution, Longman, Harlow 6. International Tourism Management, A.K.Bhatia, 2001, Sterling publications pvt. Ltd. 7.Introduction to Tourism and Hospitality Industry, Andrew S., 2007 , Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi 8.Tourism and Travel Management, Ghosh B, 2007, Vikas Publications House Pvt. Ltd. 9. The Travelling Public and tourism Promoters,Mark Twain www.cuidol.in Unit-10 (BTT 102) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

24 THANK YOU For queries Email: [email protected] www.cuidol.in Unit-10 (BTT 102) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL