MAP 605 4

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M.A. 2 All right are reserved with CU-IDOL Advanced Counselling Skills-1 Course Code: MAP603 Semester: First e-Lesson: 4 SLM Unit: 4 www.cuidol.in Unit-4 (MAP 605)

ADVANCED COUNSELING 33 SKILLS-1 OBJECTIVES INTRODUCTION Student will be able to understand the process of In this unit we are going to learn about selection of counseling therapy Counseling Therapy Student will be able to know the termination Under this unit you will learn about the process of Counseling therapy different approaches of Counseling Therapy Student will be able to understand the different approaches for the selection of counseling therapy Student will be differentiate between Termination and Abandonment . www.cuidol.in Unit-4 (MAP 605) Student will learn difference between AbandonmINeSnTtITAUalTlnErOdigFhTDteIaSrrTemArNeiCnsEearAvtNieoDdnOwNithLINCEUL-IEDAORLNING

SELECTION OF COUNSELLING THERAPY, 4 TERMINATION AND FOLLOW UP > Introduction of Counseling Therapy > Selecting the Therapeutic Approach > Short Term Behavioral Approaches > Long Term Psychodynamic Approaches > Strategies for Ethical Termination > Different Approaches to Psychotherapy & Types of Termination > Difference Between Termination and Unit-4 (MAP 605) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL Abandonment www.cuidol.in

INTRODUCTION 5 Counseling preventions have been defined in professional http://my.apa.org/apa/restrictedAccess.j literature as a unique interrelationship between a client and a counselor, sf which aims to create a change and a growth in three main areas: Personal development, Social adjustment and Professional development. Selecting the Therapeutic Approach No psychotherapeutic method exists today that is applicable to all patients or germane to the operations of all therapists. Techniques by which transformations come about the accord with the skill of the therapist who applies them and with the facility of the patient to accept and utilize the preferred interventions. Since psychotherapy is a learning process, the techniques to which a patient is exposed will work best if they coordinate with his or her unique methods of learning. www.cuidol.in Unit-4 (MAP 605) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

DIFFERENT APPROACHES: 6 Different counselors have different approaches to the way they counsel. These differences stem from a variety of considerations, including their education, their practice experience, their personal style and their belief systems. One approach therapists use to decide how to work with a specific client is called evidence based practice (EBP). EBP suggests three types of information that can help decide on the appropriate psychotherapy: Client characteristics Research evidence and Therapist’s clinical expertise. A therapeutic approach can be simply defined as a theory by http://deescottcounselling.ca/approach.html which a psychologist or counselor frames how they view human relationships and the issues that occur for people throughout their lives. One way to think of a therapeutic approach is that it is the lens that a therapist looks through when they are considering and addressing their client’s problem. www.cuidol.in Unit-4 (MAP 605) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

SHORT-TERM BEHAVIOURAL APPROACHES 7 Short-term approaches often have sessions that occur on a weekly or fortnightly basis, for around four to twelve weeks, although occasionally sessions can occur more frequently or they can be extended beyond the initial 12- week period. There are many different types of therapy that fall into this broad-based category, for example, Cognitive behavioural therapy. LONG TERM PSYCHODYNAMIC https://www.linkedin.com/company/tagforgrowth APPROACHES Long-term approaches are often called “psychodynamic” approaches. This approach to therapy focuses on looking at a person’s childhood experiences, upbringing, and relationship history so as to consider how this personal history affects and creates the adult personality. Broadly speaking, psychodynamic therapists believe that the problems one faces as an adults develops as a result of life experiences. www.cuidol.in Unit-4 (MAP 605) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

8 QUESTIONS A few questions that can help the counselor to identify the appropriate therapeutic approach. 1.Is this a relatively new problem that is contained within a specific set https://www.machinedesign.com/community/articl of circumstances? e/21836908/what-questions-should-you-ask- 2.Is it most important to achieve immediate relief for the symptoms of during-the-product-lifecycle discomfort that the client is experiencing? 3.Do you need to solve the problem with a minimum amount of time commitment? 4.Is this a recurring problem in the client’s life? 5.Has the larger underlying problem that is causing symptoms been identified? 6.Is the client willing and able to make a long-term commitment to counselling? www.cuidol.in Unit-4 (MAP 605) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

Different Approaches to Psychotherapy 9 Sr.No. Approaches to Psychotherapy Focus 1. Psychoanalysis and psychodynamic Focuses on changing problematic behaviors, feelings and thoughts by discovering their unconscious meanings and motivations. Psychoanalytically oriented therapies are characterized by a close working partnership between therapist and patient. Patients learn about themselves by exploring their interactions in the therapeutic relationship. 2 Behaviour therapy This approach focuses on learning’s role in 3 developing both normal and abnormal behaviours. www.cuidol.in Cognitive therapy Cognitive therapy emphasizes what people think rather than what they do. Unit-4 (MAP 605) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

Sr. No. Approaches to Focus 10 Psychotherapy Emphasis on people’s capacity to make rational choices 4. Humanistic therapy and develop to their maximum potential. Concern and respect for others are also important themes. 5 Integrative or holistic Blend elements from different approaches and tailor their therapy treatment according to each client’s needs. https://theromeyncollective.com/the-relational-therapeutic-approach-a-container-for-healing/ www.cuidol.in Unit-4 (MAP 605) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

TERMINATION 11 Termination is the final stage of counseling and https://healthpsychologyconsultancy.wordpress.com/2014/12/ marks the close of the relationship. Termination is the 29/ending-counselling-sessions-smoothly/ counselor and the client ending the therapeutic alliance. Types of Termination Forced termination: Forced termination is termination of the counseling relationship before the goals of therapy has been fully accomplished. Clients typically feel anger towards the counselor, perceiving the end of the counseling relationship as abandonment. Natural termination: The purpose of counseling is to make people better. It has many specific objectives, but generally, overall, the goal is to have enhanced coping and be in happier state than what she/ he was at the onset of the process. A good counselor will be able to identify when a person is better and ready to move on. www.cuidol.in Unit-4 (MAP 605) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

STRATEGIES FOR 12 ETHICAL TERMINATION https://societyforpsychotherapy.org/termination -and-abandonment-a-proactive-approach-to- 1.Address Termination issues from the outset, include in ethical-practice the informed consent discussions and Agreement. 2.Reach Agreement on the Goals of Treatment and the All right are reserved with CU-IDOL Criteria for Successful Completion of Treatment. 3.Consider and Prepare for Possible Psychotherapist- Initiated Interruptions to Treatment 4.Be Mindful of Client and Other-Initiated Interruptions to Treatment. 5.Be Clear on What Abandonment Is and Is Not (e.g., the Client’s Role in Treatment Discontinuation, the Psychotherapist’s Role). 1.Have Ongoing Discussions with Clients about Progress in Treatment toward Termination. www.cuidol.in Unit-4 (MAP 605)

GUIDELINES FOR EFFECTIVELY 13 MOVING YOUR CLIENTS TOWARD TERMINATION: https://www.socialworker.com/feature- 1.Remind clients of the approaching ending of the articles/practice/The_Importance_of_Closure/ sessions. This should be done at least 2-3 sessions prior to the final one. This provides an opportunity to ask clients to talk about relationship that have ended in their past, how they have ended, and how that might affect the end of this counseling relationship. 2. If the counselor and client are not limited to a certain number of sessions, one can space out the last few meetings. This is a good way to wean the client of the relationship and foster in them a sense of confidence in their ability to handle things without seeing you on a weekly basis before the relationship abruptly ends. www.cuidol.in Unit-4 (MAP 605) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

14 3. Review the progress that the counselor and the client have made during sessions. Very often, clients will forget the advances they have made, or neglect to give themselves credit for their accomplishments. 4. Allow clients to talk about their feelings surrounding termination. They will likely have many emotions to work through and time should be spent acknowledging and processing them. Be aware of your own feelings surrounding the termination process. It is normal to feel many emotions when ending a relationship with your clients. Acknowledge your feelings, your ambivalence about termination, etc. 5. If possible, have an open-door policy. Once termination has ended, clients may want to return a few months or years later to refocus or to “check-in”. This is often impossible in the training setting, but something to keep in mind for your professional career. 6. Review the tools and skills that clients have acquired through the counseling process. These tools will be critical in helping clients be self-sufficient in handling problems that might have previously brought them to counseling. www.cuidol.in Unit-4 (MAP 605) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

CONSIDERATIONS FOR A PLANNED 15 TERMINATION OF THE COUNSELLING RELATIONSHIP https://www.google.com/search?q=effective++te rmination+of+counseling&tbm=isch&ved=2ahU 1. An examination of whether the client’s initial problem or KEwj61LXyjtjnAhVFCHIKHWOCCzEQ2- symptoms have been reduced or eliminated. cCegQIABAA&oq=effe 2. An assessment of the clients coping ability and degree of All right are reserved with CU-IDOL understanding of self and others. 3. A determination of whether the client can relate better to others and is able to love be loved. 4. An examination of whether the client has acquired abilities to plan and work productively and an evaluation of whether the client can better play and enjoy life. www.cuidol.in Unit-4 (MAP 605)

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS 1) ). EBP suggests three types of information that can help decide on the appropriate psychotherapy: 16 A) Client characteristics C) Research evidence B) Therapist’s clinical expertise. D) All of the above 2). Long-term approaches are often called “psychodynamic” approaches. A) Psychodynamic C) Psychosocial B) Socio psychological D) None of these Q.3) Short-term approaches often have sessions that occur on _________basis. A) After one month C) Annually B) After two days D) fortnightly or weekly basis Q.4)There are many different types of therapy that fall into this broad-based category e.g., A) Cognitive behavioural Therapy C) Conative therapy B) Psychomotor Therapy D) Neuro therapy Q.5) Different approaches to therapy are: A) Behavioral Therapy C) Humanistic therapy B) Cognitive Therapy D) All of the above www.cuidol.in Unit-4 (MAP 605) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

Question No. Answer No. 17 1 d. 2 a. 3 d. 4 a. 5 d. www.cuidol.in Unit-4 (MAP 605) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

SUMMARY Approaches to Psychotherapy Focus 18 1. Psychoanalysis and psychodynamic therapies Focuses on changing problematic behaviours, feelings and thoughts by discovering their unconscious meanings and motivations. Psychoanalytically oriented therapies are characterized by a close working partnership between therapist and patient. Patients learn about themselves by exploring their interactions in the therapeutic relationship. 2. Behaviour therapy This approach focuses on learning’s role in developing both normal and 3. Cognitive therapy abnormal behaviours. 4. Humanistic therapy Cognitive therapy emphasizes what people think rather than what they do. 5. Integrative or holistic therapy Emphasis on people’s capacity to make rational choices and develop to www.cuidol.in their maximum potential. Concern and respect for others are also important themes. Blend elements from different approaches and tailor their treatment according to each client’s needs. Unit-4 (MAP 605) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTION 19 Q:1 What do you mean by Psychoanalysis and psychodynamic therapies Ans: Focuses on changing problematic behaviours, feelings and thoughts by discovering their unconscious meanings and motivations. Psychoanalytically oriented therapies are characterized by a close working partnership between therapist and patient. Patients learn about themselves by exploring their interactions in the therapeutic relationship. “For Further details please refer to the SLM”. Q.2.) Define Behaviour therapy ? Ans. This approach focuses on learning’s role in developing both normal and abnormal behaviours. . “For Further details please refer to the SLM”. Q.3.) Explain Cognitive therapy? Ans. Cognitive therapy emphasizes what people think rather than what they do. . “For Further details please refer to the SLM”. Q.4.) Elaborate Integrative or holistic therapy ? Ans. Blend elements from different approaches and tailor their treatment according to each client’s needs. “For Further details please refer to the SLM”. www.cuidol.in Unit-4 (MAP 605) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

REFRENCES 20 ❖ Self Learning material Of Advanced Counseling Skills-1 ❖ https://www.google.com/search?q=effective++termination+of+counseling&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwj61LXyjt jnAhVFCHIKHWOCCzEQ2-cCegQIABAA&oq=effe ❖ https://societyforpsychotherapy.org/termination-and-abandonment-a-proactive-approach-to-ethical-practice www.cuidol.in Unit-4 (MAP 605) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

21 THANK YOU www.cuidol.in Unit-4 (MAP 605) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL