Event handling • JSF applications are event-driven. Handling events in JSF is surprisingly easy. Here are the steps: • Write an event listener. • Deploy the event listener in the WEB-INF/classes or WEB-INF/lib directory under the application directory. • In the tag representing the component whose event is to be captured, use an action_listener or a valuechange_listener tag defined in the Core custom tag library. • Event objects • Must extend javax.faces .event.FacesEvent • FacesEvent is a subclass of the java.util.EventObject class • It adds the getComponent method, which returns the UIComponent component that fired the event. • The FacesEvent class has two subclasses: ActionEvent and ValueChangeEvent. • The ActionEvent class represents the activation of the UI component, such as a UICommand component. • The ValueChangeEvent class represents a notification that the local value of a UIInput component has been changed. Slide 301 of 92 Copyright © 2020
Event handling (Cont.) • Event listeners • javax.faces.event.FacesListener interface • This interface extends the java.util.EventListener interface • The FacesListener interface has two subinterfaces: ActionListener and ValueChangeListener Slide 302 of 92 Copyright © 2020
JSF Life Cycle Slide 303 of 92 Copyright © 2020
MVC Architecture in JSF Slide 304 of 92 Copyright © 2020
Tools supporting JSF • Many java IDEs support Java Server Faces in their tools with some common and unique features. • Borland JBuilder Enterprise Edition 2005 • Eclipse with Exadel Studio Pro IDE • Eclipse with Nitrox JSF IDE • IBM Rational with JSF Support • Macromedia Dreamweaver with JSTL & JSF extensions • MyEclipse with JSF Designer • Oracle's JDeveloper IDE • Sun's Java Studio Creator Copyright © 2020 Slide 305 of 92
Sample Application • Requirements: • Index page - > inputname.jsp • Forward - > greetings.jsp • Name - > The number of characters should be more than 2 and less than 11 and the name should not be null. • Design: • Inputname.jsp • Greetings.jsp • Messages.properties • GetNameBean.java Slide 306 of 92 Copyright © 2020
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Inputname.jsp <%@ taglib uri=\"http://java.sun.com/jsf/html\" prefix=\"h\" %> <%@ taglib uri=\"http://java.sun.com/jsf/core\" prefix=\"f\" %> <f:loadBundle basename=\"demo.bundle.Messages\" var=\"Message\"/> <HTML> <HEAD> <title>Input Name Page</title> </HEAD> <body bgcolor=\"white\"> <f:view> <h1><h:outputText value=\"#{Message.inputname_header}\"/></h1> <h:messages style=\"color: red\"/> <h:form id=\"helloForm\" > <h:outputText value=\"#{Message.prompt}\"/> <h:inputText id=\"userName\" value=\"#{GetNameBean.userName}\" required=\"true\" > <f:validateLength minimum=“3\" maximum=\"10\"/> </h:inputText> <h:commandButton id=\"submit\" action=\"sayhello\" value=\"Submit\" /> </h:form> </f:view> Slide 308 of 92 Copyright © 2020 </HTML>
Greeting.jsp <%@ taglib uri=\"http://java.sun.com/jsf/html\" prefix=\"h\" %> <%@ taglib uri=\"http://java.sun.com/jsf/core\" prefix=\"f\" %> <f:loadBundle basename=\"demo.bundle.Messages\" var=\"Message\"/> <HTML> <HEAD> <title>Greeting Page</title> </HEAD> <body bgcolor=\"white\"> <f:view> <h3> <h:outputText value=\"#{Message.greeting_text}\" />, <h:outputText value=\"#{GetNameBean.userName}\" />! </h3> </f:view> </body> </HTML> Messages.properties inputname_header=Hello Application prompt=NamSlidee30:9 of 92 Copyright © 2020
GetNameBean.java Copyright © 2020 package demo; public class GetNameBean { String userName; /** * @return User Name */ public String getUserName() { return userName; } /** * @param User Name */ public void setUserName(String name) { userName = name; } } Slide 310 of 92
Snapshots Slide 311 of 92 Copyright © 2020
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JSF in Multitiered architecture • JavaServer Faces (JSF) technology is a new user interface framework for J2EE applications. • It is particularly suited, by design, for use with applications based on the MVC (Model-View-Controller) architecture. • JSF can be integrated with other Java frameworks—like Spring, hibernate to build a real-world Web application. Slide 315 of 92 Copyright © 2020
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Presentation tier • JavaServer Faces • Collect user input • Present data • Control page navigation • Delegate user input to the business-logic tier • The presentation tier can also validate user input and maintain the application's session state. Slide 317 of 92 Copyright © 2020
Bussiness Logic Tier • EJB (Enterprise JavaBeans) or POJO (plain old Java objects) • EJB • Provides Remote interface • Useful if the application is distributed. • POJO • Simple but Doesn‘t Provide Remote interface • For a typical Web application with no remote access required, POJO, with the help of the Spring Framework, Slide 318 of 92 Copyright © 2020
Integration tier • The integration tier handles the data persistence with the relational database. • Different approaches: • Pure JDBC (Java Database Connectivity): • The most flexible approach; however, low-level JDBC is cumbersome to work with, and bad JDBC code does not perform well. • Entity beans: • An expensive way to isolate data-access code and handle O/R (object- relational) mapping data persistence. • An application-server-centric approach. • Does not tie the application to a particular type of database, but does tie the application to the EJB container. • O/R mapping framework: • Takes an object-centric approach to implementing data persistence. • Easy to develop and highly portable. • Example :JDO (Java Data Objects), Hibernate. Slide 319 of 92 Copyright © 2020
Spring 3 Spring Slide 320 of 92 Copyright © 2020
What is Spring? • Spring is a lightweight dependency injection and aspect-oriented container and framework Slide 321 of 92 Copyright © 2020
• Lightweight • Spring is lightweight in terms of both size and overhead. • The bulk of the Spring framework can be distributed in a single JAR file that weighs in at just over 2.5 MB. • Processing overhead required by Spring is negligible. • Spring is nonintrusive: objects in a Spring-enabled application often have no dependencies on Spring-specific classes. Slide 322 of 92 Copyright © 2020
• Dependency Injection • Spring promotes loose coupling through a technique known as dependency injection (DI). • When DI is applied, objects are passively given their dependencies instead of creating or looking for dependent objects for themselves. • You can think of DI as JNDI in reverse—instead of an object looking up dependencies from a container, the container gives the dependencies to the object at instantiation without waiting to be asked. Slide 323 of 92 Copyright © 2020
• Aspect-oriented Programming • Spring support aspect-oriented programming (AOP) • AOP enables cohesive development by separating application business logic from system services (such as auditing and transaction management). • Application objects do what they‘re supposed to do— perform business logic—and nothing more. They are not responsible for (or even aware of) other system concerns, such as logging or transactional support. Slide 324 of 92 Copyright © 2020
• Container • Spring is a container in the sense that it contains and manages the lifecycle and configuration of application objects. • In Spring, you can declare how each of your application objects should be created, how they should be configured, and how they should be associated with each other. Slide 325 of 92 Copyright © 2020
• Framework • Spring makes it possible to configure and compose complex applications from simpler components. • In Spring, application objects are composed declaratively, typically in an XML file. • Spring also provides much infrastructure functionality (transaction management, persistence framework integration, etc.), leaving the development of application logic to you. Slide 326 of 92 Copyright © 2020
Spring Modules Slide 327 of 92 Copyright © 2020
Core Container • Spring‘s core container provides the fundamental functionality of the Spring Framework. This module contains the BeanFactory, which is the fundamental Spring container and the basis on which Spring‘s DI is based. • Slide 328 of 92 Copyright © 2020
Application Context Module • The core module‘s BeanFactory makes Spring a container, but the context module is what makes it a framework. • This module extends the concept of BeanFactory, adding support for I18N, messages, application lifecycle events, and validation. • This module supplies many enterprise services such as email, JNDI access, EJB integration, remoting, and scheduling. Slide 329 of 92 Copyright © 2020
Spring AOP Module • Like DI, AOP supports loose coupling of application objects. • With AOP, however, applicationwide concerns (such as transactions and security) are decoupled from the objects to which they are applied. • Spring‘s AOP module offers several approaches to building aspects, including building aspects based on AOP Alliance interfaces and support for AspectJ. Slide 330 of 92 Copyright © 2020
JDBC abstraction and the DAO • This mmoodduuleleabstracts away the boilerplate code so that you can keep your database code clean and simple, and prevents problems that result from a failure to close database resources. • This module also builds a layer of meaningful exceptions on top of the error messages given by several database servers. • This module uses Spring‘s AOP module to provide transaction management services for objects in a Spring application. Slide 331 of 92 Copyright © 2020
ORM integration module • Spring‘s ORM support builds on the DAO support, providing a convenient way to build DAOs for several ORM solutions. • Spring doesn‘t attempt to implement its own ORM solution, but does provide hooks into several popular ORM frameworks, including Hibernate, Java Persistence API, Java Data Objects, and iBATIS SQL Maps. • Spring‘s transaction management supports each of these ORM frameworks as well as JDBC. Slide 332 of 92 Copyright © 2020
Java Management Extensions (JMX) • Exposing the inner workings of a Java application for management is a critical part of making an application production ready. • Spring‘s JMX module makes it easy to expose your application‘s beans as JMX MBeans. • This makes it possible to monitor and reconfigure a running application. • Slide 333 of 92 Copyright © 2020
Java EE Connector API (JCA) • JCA provides a standard way of integrating Java applications with a variety of enterprise information systems, including mainframes and databases. • In many ways, JCA is much like JDBC, except where JDBC is focused on database access, JCA is a more general-purpose API connecting to legacy systems. • Spring‘s support for JCA is similar to its JDBC support, abstracting away JCA‘s boilerplate code into templates. Slide 334 of 92 Copyright © 2020
The Spring MVC framework • Spring integrates with several popular MVC frameworks, it also comes with its own very capable MVC framework that promotes Spring‘s loosely coupled techniques in the web layer of an application. Slide 335 of 92 Copyright © 2020
Spring Portlet MVC • Portlet-based applications aggregate several bits of functionality on a single web page. • This provides a view into several applications at once. • Spring Portlet MVC builds on Spring MVC to provide a set of controllers that support Java‘s portlet API. Slide 336 of 92 Copyright © 2020
Spring‘s web module • Spring MVC and Spring Portlet MVC require special consideration when loading the Spring application context. • Spring‘s web module provides special support classes for Spring MVC and Spring Portlet MVC. • The web module also contains support for several web- oriented tasks, such as multipart file uploads and programmatic binding of request parameters to your business objects. Slide 337 of 92 Copyright © 2020
Remoting • Spring‘s remoting support enables you to expose the functionality of your Java objects as remote objects. • Or if you need to access objects remotely, the remoting module also makes simple work of wiring remote objects into your application as if they were local POJOs. • Several remoting options are available, including Remote Method Invocation (RMI), Hessian, Burlap, JAX-RPC, and Spring‘s own HTTP Invoker. Slide 338 of 92 Copyright © 2020
Java Message Service (JMS) • Spring‘s Java Message Service (JMS) module helps you send messages to JMS message queues and topics. • This module also helps you create message-driven POJOs that are capable of consuming asynchronous messages. Slide 339 of 92 Copyright © 2020
Bean Wiring • In Spring, objects are not responsible for finding or creating the other objects that they need to do their job. Instead, they are given references to the objects that they collaborate with by the container. • The act of creating associations between application objects is the essence of dependency injection (DI) and is commonly referred to as wiring. Slide 340 of 92 Copyright © 2020
• In a Spring-based application, your application objects will live within the Spring container. The container will create the objects, wire them together, configure them, and manage their complete lifecycle from cradle to grave. Slide 341 of 92 Copyright © 2020
Container Implementation • Bean factories - defined by org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFa ctory interface are the simplest of containers, providing basic support for DI. • Application contexts - defined by org.springframework.context.ApplicationCo ntext interface build on the notion of a bean factory by providing application framework services, such as the ability to resolve textual messages from a properties Slide 342 of 92 Copyright © 2020
BeanFactory • A bean factory is a general-purpose factory, creating and dispensing many types of beans. • A bean factory also takes part in the lifecycle of a bean, making calls to custom initialization and destruction methods, if those methods are defined. Slide 343 of 92 Copyright © 2020
Resource • ByteArrayResource -- Defines a resource whose content is given by an array of bytes • ClassPathResource -- Defines a resource that is to be retrieved from the classpath • DescriptiveResource -- Defines a resource that holds a resource description but no actual readable resource • FileSystemResource -- Defines a resource that is to be retrieved from the file system Slide 344 of 92 Copyright © 2020
ApplicationContext • ApplicationContext offers: • Application contexts provide a means for resolving text messages, including support for internationalization (I18N) of those messages. • Application contexts provide a generic way to load file resources, such as images. • Application contexts can publish events to beans that are registered as listeners. Slide 345 of 92 Copyright © 2020
• ClassPathXmlApplicationContext — Loads a context definition from an XML file located in the classpath, treating context definition files as classpath resources. • FileSystemXmlApplicationContext — Loads a context definition from an XML file in the file system. • XmlWebApplicationContext — Loads context definitions from an XML file contained within a web application. Slide 346 of 92 Copyright © 2020
• ApplicationContext context = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext(\"c:/foo.xml\"); • ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(\"foo.xml\"); Slide 347 of 92 Copyright © 2020
Bean Scope Scope Description Singleton Scopes the bean definition to a single instance per Spring Prototype container (default). Request Allows a bean to be instantiated any number of times (once per use). Session Scopes a bean definition to an HTTP request. Only valid when used with a web-capable Spring context (such as with Global-session Spring MVC). Scopes a bean definition to an HTTP session. Only valid when used with a web-capable Spring context (such as with Spring MVC). Scopes a bean definition to a global HTTP session. Only valid when used in a portlet context. Slide 348 of 92 Copyright © 2020
Wiring Collection Collection Description <list> Wiring a list of values, allowing duplicates <set> Wiring a set of values, ensuring no duplicates <map> Wiring a collection of name-value pairs where name and value can be of any type <prop> Wiring a collection of name-value pairs where the name and value are both Strings Slide 349 of 92 Copyright © 2020
AutoWiring • Autowiring helps reduce or even eliminate the need for <property> and <constructor-arg> elements. • Spring automatically figure out how to wire bean dependencies. Slide 350 of 92 Copyright © 2020
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