MAP605 1

IDOL Institute of Distance and Online Learning ENHANCE YOUR QUALIFICATION, ADVANCE YOUR CAREER.

M.A. 2 All right are reserved with CU-IDOL Psychology Course Code: MAP 605 Semester: First e-Lesson: 1 SLM Unit: 1 www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP 605)

ADVANCED COUNSELING 33 SKILLS-1 OBJECTIVES INTRODUCTION Student will be able to define concept of Advanced In this unit we are going to learn about Counseling Psychology various topics of Advanced Counseling Psychology which enables you to improve Student will be able to analyze and summarize your behavior. knowledge of history of Advanced Counseling Skills Under this you will learn meaning, concept, history and nature of advanced Counseling Student will be able to execute whole process of Skills. Counseling All the qualities of effective counselor and the Student will be able to know that how to become process of effective counseling. an effective counselor www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAPP660055)) INASTllITrUigThEtOaFreDIrSeTsAeNrvCeEdAwNiDthOCNULI-NIDEOLLEARNING

ADVANCED COUNSELING SKILLS 4 > Meaning and Concept of Counseling Psychology > Nature of Counseling Psychology > History of Counseling > Personal Qualities and Professional Training of Counselor > Process Counseling: Preparation, Pre Counseling interview, Rapport and Relationship, Identification of Goals https://www.google.com/search?q=counseling+skills&sxsrf=ACYBGNSkq_iJl AesHF6GgskVr_7xOpLyqg:15 www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP 605) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

CONCEPT OF ADVANCED 5 COUNSELING PSYCHOLOGY ❖ Counseling is the mutual exploration and exchange of • Ideas • attitudes and • feelings • between a counselor and a client specifically including. ❖It includes clients misperceptions of: • Disorder • Emotional overlays affecting self-concept https://www.google.com/search?q=social+psychology&sxsrf = www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP 605) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

CONCEPT OF ADVANCED COUNSELING 6 PSYCHOLOGY • Counseling psychology is a general practice and health service provider specialty in professional psychology. Counseling psychology addresses the emotional, social, work, school and physical health concerns people may have at different stages in their lives, focusing on typical life stresses and more severe issues with which people may struggle as individuals and as a part of families groups and organizations. It focuses on how people function both personally and https://www.google.com/search?q=counseling+psychology&sxsrf=ACYBGNQZ in their relationships at all ages. q5vS0ApeErMM56o5aDwF40CffQ:1576746110588&source=lnms www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP 605) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

COUNSELING PSYCHOLOGIST 7 FOCUS ON The role of career and work in peoples’ lives Healthy aspects and Issues of diversity strengths of clients and social justice www.cuidol.in Environmental/situational influences All right are reserved with CU-IDOL Unit-1(MAP 605)

Definitions of Advanced Counseling 8 Psychology According to Webster’s Dictionary “Counselling means consultation, mutual interchange of opinion, deliberating together.” According to Ruth Strang: “Counselling is a face to face relationship in which growth takes place in the counsellor as well as the counsellee. According to Harriman: “Counselling is the psychotherapeutic relationship in which an individual receives direct help from an adviser or finds an opportunity to release negative feelings and thus clear the way for positive growth in personality.” www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP 605) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

NATURE OF COUNSELING 9 •Face to Face Interaction •One to One Relationship •Focuses personal and professional growth •Need higher order Professional Skills •Need more confidentiality during whole process •Whole process is based on rapport establishment •Focuses client need ps://theneuropathway.wordpress.com/2014/01/05/psychod •It cannot be performed with a group. ynamic-and-cognitive-behavioural-approaches-to- counselling-understanding-and-implementing- www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP 605) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

10 History of Counseling Psychology ❖ BEFORE 1990 1 • Counselling is a relatively new profession (Aubrey, 1977,1982). 9 9 Before the period of 1990 , most counselling was in the form of advice or information. In the United States, counselling developed out of a humanitarian concern to improve the lives of those adversely affected by the Industrial Revolution of the mid to late 1800s (Aubrey,1983) • Most of the Counsellors was from teaching and social reformers their focus was to tain adults to the world of work. • Classroom teachers and administrators were the main practitioners. • There is one way to chart the evolution of counseling is to trace important events and personal influences through the decades of the 20th century. www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP 605) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

History of Counseling Psychology 11 • In 1946, APA recognized Division 17, Counseling and Guidance. Counseling psychology topics began to be regularly reviewed in the Annual Review of Psychology under this title • In the 1950s, the explosion of enrollment in higher education and the needs of the returning World War II veterans spurred significant research in the areas of career development and counseling orientations. • In 1952 the official name of Division 17 was changed to Counseling Psychology, and the American Board of Examiners in Professional Psychology announced that its diplomas would include the term Counseling Psychology rather than Counseling and Guidance. www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP 605) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

History of Counseling Psychology 12 • Counseling psychology emerged as an applied specialty within the American Psychological Association (APA) in the 1940s. • It has been recognized as a specialty by the APA since 1946 •Two organizations are considered key in the formation and development of counseling psychology: the Society of Counseling Psychology (SCP) of the APA and the Council of Counseling Psychology Training Programs (CCPTP), the organization for directors of training programs in counseling psychology. • Prior to 2004, SCP was typically referred to as “Division 17,” so reviewers of original historical material should note this reference. In the present entry, the terms SCP and Division 17 will be used as seems historically appropriate. •John Whiteley, a noted historian of counseling psychology, identifies the most distant seeds of counseling psychology in the vocational guidance, mental hygiene, and psychometrics/individual differences movements www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP 605) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

13 ❖PERIOD OF 1900-1909 •Jesse B. Davis was the first person to set up a systematized guidance program in the public schools (Aubrey, 1977). •As superintendent of the Grand Rapids, Michigan, School System, he suggested in 1907 that classroom teachers of English compostition teach their students lesson in guidance once a week, with the goal of building character and preventing problems. • Frank Parsons- Famous in the world as the Father of Guidance • He theorized that choosing a vocation was a matter of three factors: a knowledge of work, a knowledge of self and a matching of the two. • His book ‘ Choosing a Vocation’ 1909 was published one year after his death. www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP 605) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

❖ PERIOD OF 1910 14 ❑Three events had a profound impact on the development of 1 counselling during this decade. 9 1 ❑The first was the 1913 founding of the National Vocational Guidance Asssociation,(NVGA) which began publishing a bulletein in 1915 (Goodyear, 1984) ❑In 1921, the NVGB began publication on a regular basis: The publication of NVGB was • Vocational magazine • The Vocational Guidance Journal •Personnel and Guidance journal. www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP 605) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

15 ❖PERIOD OF 1920s 1 9 • This was a period of consolidation, as Education Courses which 2 begun at Harvard 1911, almost exclusively emphasized vocational guidance during 1920 •A notable event was the certification of Counselor in Boston and New York in the mid 1920s. •Another turning point was the development of the first standards for the preparation and evaluation of occupational materials. •A noteworthy event was the establishment of the first marriage and family counseling centre •This centre was followed by others across the nation and marked as the beginning of subspeciality of marriage and family counseling. www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP 605) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

16 ❖PERIOD OF 1930s • The highlights of the decade was the development of the first theory of Counselling, which was formulated by Edmund Griffin Williamson and his colleagues at University of Minnesota. • During the 1930 the U.S. government became more involved in counseling , especiallly in the establishment of the U. S. Employment Service. This agency published the first edition of the Dictionary of Occupational Tittles(DOT) In 1939. PERIOD OF 1940s Three major events in the 1940s radically shaped the practice of counseling • The theory of Carl Rogers •World War II •Government’s involvment in counseling after the war www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP 605) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

17 In 1950s The decade produced at least four major events that dramatically changed the history of counseling: •The establishment of the American Personnel and Guidance Association •The establishment of Division 17 (Counseling psychology) with in the American Psychology Association, •The passing of the National Defense Education Act(NDEA) •The introduction of new guidance and counseling theories. In 1950s • The initial focus of the 1960s was on counseling as a developmental profession. • During this decade the humanistic counseling theories of Dugald Arbuckle, Abraham Maslow and Sidney Jourard. • A final noteworthy milestone was the establishment of the ERIC clearinghouse on Counseling and Personnel Services at the University of Michigan. www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP 605) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

18 In 1970s The 1970s was the emergence of several trends.Amog the more important were the rapid growth of counseling outside educational settings, the formation of helping skills programs, the beginning of licensure for counselors, and the further development of APGA as a professional organisation for counselors. • Diversification in Counselling Settings: The rapid growth of counselling outside educational institution began in the 1970s when mental health centres and community agencies began to employ counselors. •Helping Skills Programs : The 1970s the development of helping skills programs that concentrated on relationship and communication skills. Begun by Truax and Carkhuff and Ivey thay taught basic counseling skills to professional and nonprofessionals alike. • State Licensure: In 1970s state board of examiners for psychologists had become restrictive. In 1976, Virginia was the first state to adopt a counselor licensure law. www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP 605) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

In the Period of 1980 19 All right are reserved with CU-IDOL The 1980s saw the continued growth of counseling as a profession, exemplified by proactive initiatives from counselors associated with APGA and Division 17.The most noteworthy things of this decade was: • Standardization of Training and Certification • Counseling As a Distinct Profession •Diversification of Counseling • Increased Emphasis on Human Growth and development In the Period of 1990 The 1990s have continued to see changes in the evolution of the counseling profession- some of them symbolic and others structural. One big change was that American Association for Counseling and Development to modify its name and become the American Counseling Association. The new name better reflected the membership and mission of the organization. wswCwo.cnuitd…ol.in Unit-1(MAP 605)

20 The following sixteen divisions now function under its reorganized structure: 1. National Career Development Association founded in 1913 2. Association for Humanistic Education and Development (AHEAD). 3. Association for Counselor Education and Supervision (ACES). 4. American School Counselor Association 5. American Rehabiliation Counseling Association 6. Association for Assessment in Counseling 7. National Employment Counselor Association 8. Association for Multicultural Counseling and Dvelopment 9. International Association of Addictions and Offender Counselor 10. Association for Sipiitual, Ethical and Religious Values in Counseling. 11. Association for specialists in Group Work 12. American Mental Health Counselors Association 13. Association for Counselors and Educators in Government 14. Association for Adult Development and Aging 15. International Association of Marriage and Family Counselors 16. American College Counseling Association www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP 605) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

Multiple Choice Questions: Q1. ……………..is a face to face relationship in which growth takes place in the counsellor as 21 well as the counselee. a. Guidance b. Counseling c. All of the above d. None of these Q.2 Counseling psychology emerged as an applied specialty within the American Psychological Association (APA) in the ……… a. 1950 b. 1951 c. 1940 d. 1941 Q.3 NVGA stands for: a. National Vocational Guidance Assistance b. National Vocation Guidance Association c. National Vocational Guidance Authority d. National Vocation Guidance Academy ANSWERS: 1. (b) 2.(c) 3. (b) www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP 605) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

Summary 22 www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP 605) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

Frequently Asked Questions 23 www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP 605) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

24 References: https://www.apa.org/ed/graduate/specialize/counseling Difference between Guidance and Counselling | Psychology Counselling Therapy: Top 4 Types of Counselling Therapy http://www.psychologydiscussion.net/notes/psychology-notes/educational-psychology-psychology- notes/counselling-definition-and-characteristics-psychology/2655 www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP 605) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

25 THANK YOU www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP 605) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL