Unit 8- Tourist Destinations – France

IDOL Institute of Distance and Online Learning ENHANCE YOUR QUALIFICATION, ADVANCE YOUR CAREER.

BTT 2MARKETING MANAGEMENT All right are reserved with CU-IDOL Tourism product Europe and Asia Course Code: BTT113 Semester: Third Unit: 8 www.cuidol.in

General & Basic fact of France 33 COURSE OBJECTIVES • To familiarize students with world geography • To enrich student with knowledge of physical location of continent • To enrich student with knowledge of tourist destination on the map of Europe & America www.cuidol.in Q 101) INSTITUTE OF DAISllTAriNgChEt aArNeDreOsNeLrvINeEdLwEiAthRNCIUN-GIDOL

General & Basic fact of France 43 UNIT OBJECTIVES UNIT INTRODUCTION • After studying this unit, the students will be able to . • Elaborate the basic facts about France • List the general information's of France • Explore the exotic locations of France • Explore the famous Eiffel tower www.cuidol.in Q 101) INSTITUTE OF DAISllTAriNgChEt aArNeDreOsNeLrvINeEdLwEiAthRNCIUN-GIDOL

GENERAL AND BASIC FACTS OF FRANCE 5 • Population: 68 million people live in the country (2021) • Capital: Paris, with 11 million inhabitants • Name: République Française (French Republic) • Motto: 'Liberté, Egalité, Fraternité' (Liberty, Equality, Fraternity) • Government: Democracy • Language: French • Religion: mainly Christians 65%, Muslims 8% • Currency: 1 Euro = 100 cents, until 2002 French France • History: In 700 - 500 BC the Celtic Gauls arrive in France. In 58 - 50 BC Roman Emperor Julius Caesar defeats the Gauls and France becomes part of the Roman Empire until 476 AD. • French was ruled by kings for many centuries until the storming of the Bastille during the French Revolution in 1789. • Then Napoleon becomes Emperor of the French Republic until he is sent to exile. • Flag: blue, white and red. The French refer to the flag as 'Tricolore' (French for 'three colours') • Anthem: La Marseillaise www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

GENERAL AND BASIC FACTS OF FRANCE 6 www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

GENERAL AND BASIC FACTS OF FRANCE 7 • France Geography • France is the largest country in Western Europe. The capital city of France is Paris. On the map you can see France and the French island Corsica in the Mediterranean Sea. • France shares land borders with eight countries. • The bordering countries of France are Belgium, Germany, Luxembourg, Switzerland, Italy, Monaco, Andorra and Spain. The longest border is shared with Spain and the shortest with Monaco. • Continental France is slightly smaller than the state of Texas in the USA. • It takes a one-hour-flight from London/England to reach Paris via airplane and a flight from Paris to New York/USA takes about 5.5 hours. • France is known for its stunning landmarks and attractions such as the Eiffel Tower, the Arc de Triomphe, Sacre Coeur Cathedral or the Loire castles. • France is a country also known for its 'haute couture' designers and fashion houses such as Dior, Chanel and Yves Saint Laurent, and the French car manufacturers Renault, Peugeot and Citroën. www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

GENERAL AND BASIC FACTS OF FRANCE 8 • The Loire is the longest river of France with about 1,006 km/ 625 miles. • The river passes through the cities Orleans and Nantes. • The Pyrenées are the longest mountain range in France. • The mountain range is located in the South of France and forms a natural border between Spain and France. The Pyrenées are 430 km/ 270 miles long • The highest mountain in France is the Mont Blanc, that is 4,810 m/ 15,780 ft high and stands at the border between France and Italy. • This is the second highest mountain in Europe after Mount Elbrus. • France is generally a flat country with coastal plains and rolling hills in the north and west and high mountains in the south and south eastern parts. • Mainland France, also referred to as Metropolitan France, is divided into 27 regions and these into 101 departments. Of the 101 departments there are also 5 ROM ('régionsd’outremer' meaning overseas regions) that belong to France. www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

GENERAL AND BASIC FACTS OF FRANCE 9 • The 5 overseas departments of France are: • French Guyana in South America • Guadeloupe, an island in the Caribbean • Martinique, an island in the Caribbean, • Mayotte, an island in the Indian Ocean in Africa • La Réunion, another Indian Ocean island in Africa • French is the official language in France and it is also the second major language in Europe. • French is one of the Romance languages. The Romance languages, which include Italian and Spanish, have their origins in the Latin language. • Today, French is the second most studied language after English and spoken by more than 300 million people around the world as first or second language. www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

GENERAL AND BASIC FACTS OF FRANCE 10 • Try these five useful expressions in French: • bonjour - good day • salute - hello • merci - thank you • je m'appelle... - my name is.... • bon appétit! - enjoy your meal! www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

GENERAL AND BASIC FACTS OF FRANCE 11 • French People • Most of the French people in Metropolitan France (on the European continent) live in cities and urban areas. The three largest cities are France are: • Paris: 11 million inhabitants • Lyon: 1.7 million inhabitants • Marseilles: 1.6 million inhabitants • Lille, Toulouse and Bordeaux each have about 1 million inhabitants. • About 10% of the French people are unemployed and roughly 15% of the population live below the poverty line. www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

GENERAL AND BASIC FACTS OF FRANCE 12 • Famous French People • French has made a lot of the world’s renowned inventions like the creation of the vaccinations and the pasteurization process by Louis Pasteur, the first hair dryer, the hot air balloon and many other useful things. • Now, they are building the first prototype of nuclear fusion reactor in France, called ITER (International Thermo-nuclear Engine Reactor) with the collaboration of 35 other countries. • France is famous for the 'beaux-arts' (fine arts). The city was and is still home for many artists and great painters, artisans and sculptors. • Gustave Eiffel (1832-1923), a French engineer who designed the famous Eiffel tower in Paris. • The Eiffel tower is named after him. He also worked together with Auguste Bartholdi, designer of the Statue of Liberty in New York. www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

GENERAL AND BASIC FACTS OF FRANCE 13 • Famous French painters are: • Claude Monet • Pierre-Auguste Renoir • Edgar Degas • Paul Cezanne • Among the most famous French composers are Maurice Ravel (composer of 'Bolero') and Georges Bizet (composer of the opera 'Carmen'). Children all around the world love French literature, like the famous “The Three Musketeers” by Alexandre Dumas and “The Little Prince” by Antoine de Saint-Exupery. • French political leader Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821) was born on Corsica. • He reformed the French laws. He declared himself Emperor of the French in 1804. Napoleon’s army was defeated by the British in the Battle of Waterloo (now in Belgium) in 1815. Napoleon was exiled to the island St. Helena in the South Atlantic where he died in 1821. • The current president of France is Emmanuel Macron who in 2017 became the youngest president in the history of France. www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

VARIOUS TOURIST DESTINATIONS OF FRANCE 14 • From the boulevards of Paris to the fashionable seaside resorts of the Côte d'Azur, France offers some of the most beautiful scenery in the world. • Fairy-tale castles, glorious cathedrals, and picture-perfect villages delight romantics. • At the same time, the country's contemporary monuments and rapid train transit jolt visitors from the storybook surroundings into the ambience of the 21st century. • Begin with the Eiffel Tower, the modern emblem of France. • Then discover famous masterpieces of art at the Louvre Museum. Spend a day pretending to be royalty at the elegant Palace of Versailles. Save time for leisurely gourmet meals - traditional French gastronomy has been inscribed on the UNESCO list of Intangible Cultural Heritage. • Each region has its own distinctive cuisine and culture. • The coastal region of Brittany offers the old-world charm of quaint fishing villages and ancient seaports, while the French Alps reveals the region's hearty cuisine of cheese fondue and charcuterie served in cozy chalets near ski slopes. • Indulge in it all and savor the country's irresistible charm with our list of the top attractions in France. www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

VARIOUS TOURIST DESTINATIONS OF FRANCE 15 • The symbol of Paris, the Eiffel Tower is a feat of All right are reserved with CU-IDOL ingenuity as much as it is a famous landmark. This structure of 8,000 metallic parts was designed by Gustave Eiffel as a temporary exhibit for the World Fair of 1889. • The Eiffel Tower's gracefulness has earned it the nickname of \"Iron Lady.\" • Visitors areimpressed by the tower's delicate airiness despite its monumental size and the breathtaking panoramas at each of the three levels. • Tourists can dine with a view at the first level or indulge at the Michelin-starred • Lemuel’s Verne restaurant on the second level. At the exhilarating height of 276 meters, the top level offers a sweeping outlook over the city of Paris and beyond. Vistas extend as far as 70 kilometers on a clear day. www.cuidol.in

VARIOUS TOURIST DESTINATIONS OF FRANCE 16 • Louvre Museum • In a stately palace that was once a royal residence, the Louvre ranks among the top European collections of fine arts. • Many of Western Civilization's most famous works are found here, including the Mona Lisa by Leonardo DaVinci, the Wedding Feast at Cana by Veronese, and the 1st-century-BC Venus de Milo sculpture. • The collection owes its wealth to the contributions of various kings who lived in the LouvreI. • The Louvre has an astounding collection of 35,000 artworks, including countless masterpieces. • It's impossible to see it all in a day or even in a week. www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

VARIOUS TOURIST DESTINATIONS OF FRANCE 17 • Palace of Versailles • More than just a royal residence, Versailles was designed to show off the glory of the French monarchy. \"Sun King\" • Louis XIV transformed his father's small hunting lodge into an opulent palace with a sumptuous Baroque interior • Architect Jules Hardouin-Mansart created the elegant Baroque facade and lavish interior of the Château de Versailles, which is designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. • Versailles is equally renowned for Les Jardins, formal French gardens featuring decorative pools, perfectly trimmed shrubbery, and magnificent fountains. www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

VARIOUS TOURIST DESTINATIONS OF FRANCE 18 • Côte d'Azur All right are reserved with CU-IDOL • The most fashionable stretch of coastline in France, the Côte d'Azur extends from Saint- Tropez to Manton near the border with Italy. • Côte d'Azur translates to \"Coast of Blue,\" a fitting name to describe the Mediterranean's mesmerizing cerulean waters. • During summer, the seaside resorts are packed with beach lovers and sun-worshippers. • The rich and famous are also found here in their lavish villas and luxury yachts. • The best sandy beaches are found in Antibes, which also has an atmospheric Old Town and superb museums. Saint-Tropez offers fabulous public and private beaches along with the charm of a Provençal fishing village www.cuidol.in

VARIOUS TOURIST DESTINATIONS OF FRANCE 19 • Mont Saint-Michel All right are reserved with CU-IDOL • Rising dramatically from a rocky islet off the Normandy coast, the UNESCO-listed Mont Saint-Michel is one of France's most striking landmarks. • This \"Pyramid of the Seas\" is a mystical sight, perched 80 meters above the bay and surrounded by imposing defensive walls and bastions. • The main tourist attraction, the Abbaye de Saint-Michel is a marvel of medieval architecture with soaring Gothic spires. • The Abbey Church has been an important Christian pilgrimage destination, known as \"The Heavenly Jerusalem www.cuidol.in

VARIOUS TOURIST DESTINATIONS OF FRANCE 20 • Loire Valley Châteaux All right are reserved with CU-IDOL • Traveling through the Loire Valley feels like turning the pages of a children's storybook. • . The entire area of the Loire Valley, a lush area known as the \"Garden of France,\" is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. • Some of the Loire castles are medieval fortresses built on hilltops and surrounded by ramparts. • The Château de Chambord, built for King Francis I, is the most magnificent château. • It is also worth visiting the UNESCO-listed cathedrals in Chartres and Bourges as well as the city of Orléans, where Joan of Arc helped defeat the English army in 1429, and the Château Royal d'Amboise, the residence of French kings for five hundred years. www.cuidol.in

VARIOUS TOURIST DESTINATIONS OF FRANCE 21 • Cathedral Notre-Dame de Chartres • For more than eight centuries, the magnificence of Chartres Cathedral has inspired the faithful, and some say this sublime sanctuary has restored belief in the doubtful. • The UNESCO-listed cathedral exemplifies the glory of medieval Gothic architecture. • The Chartres Cathedral is renowned for its marvelous stained-glass windows, most dating to the 13th century. Covering 2,500 square meters, the brilliant stained-glass windows allow colorful light to filter into the vast nave, creating an ethereal effect. • The rose windows are especially noteworthy for their incredible size and details. www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

VARIOUS TOURIST DESTINATIONS OF FRANCE 22 • Provence • Provence is a gorgeous landscape of olive groves, sun-drenched rolling hills, and deep purple lavender fields, with little villages nestled in the valleys and perched on rocky outcrops. • The vibrant scenery has enchanted many famous artists, including Cézanne, Matisse, Chagall, and Picasso. • The rustic natural beauty and country charm of Provence immerses visitors in a place where the art de vivre is a way of life. • The quintessential Provençal town, Aix-en-Provence is famous for its colorful open-air markets and the hundreds of fountains that are typical of southern France. www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

VARIOUS TOURIST DESTINATIONS OF FRANCE 23 • Chamonix-Mont-Blanc All right are reserved with CU-IDOL • The awesome spectacle of Mont Blanc in the French Alps is an unforgettable sight. The highest mountain peak in Europe, Mont Blanc soars to 4,810 meters. Thanks to its elevation, Mont Blanc (\"White Mountain\") is always blanketed in snow. • Chamonix is a great base for skiing, hiking, rock climbing, and outdoor adventures, or just relaxing. • This delightful village is one of the best places to visit in Francefor inspiring natural scenery and alpine accommodations. Upscale mountain lodges and cozy chalets welcome guests in style. • Catering to diners with good appetites, local restaurants serve hearty traditional French meals, as well as international cuisine. To sample the regional Savoyard specialties, try the charcuterie, fondue, and raclette (melted Gruyère, Comté or Emmentaler cheese served with boiled potatoes www.cuidol.in

VARIOUS TOURIST DESTINATIONS OF FRANCE 24 • Alsace Villages • Some of the prettiest villages in France are tucked away in the green, rolling hills of Alsace, where the Vosges Mountains border the Rhine River of Germany.. • Many of the villages have won France's \"Villages Fleuris\" award for their lovely floral decorations,. • For those planning an Alsace vacation itinerary, Colmar is a good base to explore the Alsatian villages and surrounding nature trails www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

VARIOUS TOURIST DESTINATIONS OF FRANCE 25 • Carcassonne All right are reserved with CU-IDOL • With its turreted towers and crenellated ramparts, Carcassonne seems straight out of a fairy-tale scene. • This well-preserved (and renovated) fortified city offers a total immersion into the world of the Middle Ages. • Known as la Cité, the UNESCO-listed walled medieval town of Carcassonne is a warren of narrow, winding cobblestone lanes and quaint old houses. • Must-see tourist attractions are the double-circuited ramparts with 54 towers and the Basilique Saint-Nazaire with spectacular stained-glass windows. One of the other popular things to do here is view the Bastille Day fireworks on July 14th. www.cuidol.in

VARIOUS TOURIST DESTINATIONS OF FRANCE 26 • Brittany • Brittany is a beautiful historic region on the northeastern coast of France. • A rugged coastline, quaint fishing villages, and weathered sea ports characterize this region, which is steeped in ancient traditions and famous for its costumed religious festivals. • A mystical land of myths and legends, Brittany has a Celtic influence and a dialect related to Gaelic. • The local cuisine is delicious, best known for its savory buckwheat crêpes and sweet dessert crêpes. www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

VARIOUS TOURIST DESTINATIONS OF FRANCE 27 • Biarritz • Biarritz is a fashionable beach town on the beautiful Bay of Biscay in France's Basque country. • This celebrated seaside resort has an elegant and aristocratic air; it was a favorite destination of Empress Eugénie, wife of Napoleon III. • The imperial couple's grandiose Second-Empire-style palace has been converted into the • Hôtel du Palais, a luxury hotel featuring a gastronomic restaurant and sensational views of the Grande Plage beach • . This large sandy beach, with its broad seafront promenade, has attracted high-society vacation goers since the Belle Epoque. www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

VARIOUS TOURIST DESTINATIONS OF FRANCE 28 • Rocamadou • Suspended between heaven and earth on a sheer limestone cliff, Rocamadour is an unforgettable sacred site. • The village has seven ancient sanctuaries, but pilgrims flock to the Chapelle Notre-Dame (Chapelle Miraculeuse), which possesses the venerated Black Virgin (Notre-Dame de Rocamadour). This precious Virgin Mary figure was carved from walnut wood that naturally darkened over the centuries and is associated with miracles.. • About 145 kilometers from Limoges in the Limousin, Rocamadour is surrounded by the Parc Naturel Régional des Causses du Quercy, a natural park of the Dordogne region. www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

VARIOUS TOURIST DESTINATIONS OF FRANCE 29 • Prehistoric Cave Paintings in Lascaux All right are reserved with CU-IDOL • Visitors can delve into the fascinating world of prehistoric art in Lascaux, the finest example of Paleolithic art in the world. • This UNESCO-listed site is in the Vézère Valley of the Dordogne region. Discovered in 1940, the Lascaux Cave contains exquisite prehistoric paintings, but in 1963 was closed to the public to prevent damage. • A replica of the cave was created at the nearby Lascaux II site, 200 meters from the actual cave. Opened in 1983, Lascaux II is a faithful reproduction of the Lascaux Cave and its paintings. • Highlights of the Lascaux prehistoric cave paintings are the Salle des Taureaux (Hall of the Bulls) with panels featuring unicorns and bears and the Diverticule Axial, a narrow 30- meter-long hall with impressive drawings of bulls, cows, and horses www.cuidol.in

Summary 30 • Continental France is slightly smaller than the state of Texas in the USA. • France is known for its tourist attracting landmarks and its exotic locations • It has some super tourist attracting points, which is famous all around the world • The French food is also famous all around the world • The France is one of the Famous tourist attractions of the World www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

Reference 31 • Reference books: • Specific Country Guidebooks of Lonely Planet Publication. • DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Europe • A.K Bhatia – International Tourism. • International Geography for Travel and Tourism by John P.Wrades www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

www.cuidol.in 32 THANK YOU For queries Email: [email protected] All right are reserved with CU-IDOL