E-LESSON-8 SOCIOLOGY-1

IDOL Institute of Distance and Online Learning ENHANCE YOUR QUALIFICATION, ADVANCE YOUR CAREER.

B.A.English 2 All right are reserved with CU-IDOL INTRODUCTION TO INTRODUCTION TO SOCIOLOGY SOCIOLOGY-1 Course Code: BAQ109 Semester: First SLM Unit : 8 E-Lesson: 8 www.cuidol.in Unit-8(BAQ-109)

TOPICS TO BE COVERED 3 > Features of Social Control INTRODUCTION TO > Conformity to Social Norms and Values SOCIOLOGY-1 > Non-Conformity to Social Norms and Values > Types and Agents of Social Control https://www.shutterstock.com/video/clip-26349668-social- control-animated-word-cloud-text-design www.cuidol.in Unit-8(BAQ-109) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

INTRODUCTION TO SOCIOLOGY OBJECTIVES INTRODUCTION 43 After studying this unit, you will be able to: Social control is used in many ways in daily life. Formal and Informal agents of Social Control Types and Agencies of Social Control Society: Norms control human behaviour. Thus, social control results in social stability and order which is essential for the survival, continuity and development of the society. www.cuidol.in Unit-8(BAQA-Q10190)9) INASlTl ITriUgThEt OarFeDrIeSsTeArNvCeEd AwNitDh OCNUL-IIDNOE LLEARNING

SOCIAL CONTROL 5 • In the early prehistoric days, men used to lead an isolated nomadic life in caves, rock-shelters, forests and stations of river banks. • They lived in small groups in solitude in the midst of unfriendly environment and often indulged in relentless wars against the tyrannies of nature. • In their quest to overpower the nature, they wanted to form the human association. • The human beings saw the ferocious and gigantic animals as their enemies and constant threat to their safety and security. Group conflicts and clashes became an everyday affairs. • Human beings by their very nature are selfish individualistic, barbarous, hedonistic, power hungry and conflicting. If they are allowed to act freely, no group or society can function. • This gives rise to the need on the part of society. to frame certain rules and regulations to restrain the undesirable human conduct and promote the desirable ones. • By effective enforcement of the societaI rules and regulations every society controls its human force. www.cuidol.in Unit-8(BAQ-109) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

MEANING & DEFINITION OF SOCIA CONTROL: 6 The term social control is used in many ways. To compel the individuals to conform to societal norms and standards is generally thought to be the be-all and end-all of social control. However, it is a narrow meaning of social control. In broader sense, social control encompasses the regulation of entire social order aiming to achieve social ideals and objectives. Social control has been defined as \"the way in which the entire social order adheres and maintains itself- how it operates as a changing equilibrium\" (MacIver & Page) , \"the patterns of pressure which a society exerts to maintain order and establish rules\" (Ogburn and Nimcoff), the process by which social order is (i) established, and (ii) maintained\" (Landis), \"a collective. term for those processes, planned or unplanned, by which individuals are taught, persuaded, or compelled to conform to the usages and life values of groups\"(Roucek). Social control operates at three levels: group over group-when one group determines the behaviour of the other group; the group over its members. when the group controls the conduct of its own members, and individuals over their fellows- when the indi~iduals~influence the responses of other individuals. www.cuidol.in Unit-8(BAQ-109) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

B. Formal Agents of Social Control 7 1. Control through Leadership: Probably the first steps in social control were taken by dominant personalities. 2. Control by Education: Education may be defined as a process whereby the social heritage of a group is passed on from one generation to another. 3. Control by Force: It has become mandatory for the government to establish certain laws which have punishments attached to them in order to control the most selfish, greedy and the irresponsible individuals. 4 Control through Law and Administration: In the absence of control by customs and tradition, law is the formal method of control by means of which people's lives are regulated, their rights, duties, and privileges defined; the offences against individuals and society determined, and the punishments for violators decided www.cuidol.in Unit-8(BAQ-109) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

8 CONFORMITY TO SOCIAL NORMS: Norms are not formed by all groups in relation to every kind of behaviour and every possible situation. They are formed in matters of consequence to a particular group. What matters are of consequence to a group depends upon the main purposes and goals of the group, the relationship of that group to other groups, and other conditions in which it operates. Likewise, the scope of behaviour regulated by norms varies considerably in different groups. For example, the norms of some groups may pertain chiefly to ethical matters, while the norms of other groups may cover a broader area of life including dress, forms of entertainment, education and so on. The factors and forces which brings conformity is as follows: 1. Indoctrination 2. Habituation 3. Utility 4. Identification 5. Fear of Punishment www.cuidol.in Unit-8(BAQ-109) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

9 NON-CONFORMITY TO SOCIAL NORMS: 1. Improper Socialization 2. Role Conflict 3. The Fictionist Perspective www.cuidol.in Unit-8(BAQ-109) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

TYPES AND AGENTS OF SOCIAL CONTROL 10 A. Informal Agents of Social Control Control through Belief  Control by Social Suggestion  Control by Religion  Control by Social Ideals  Control by Ceremony, Rites and Rituals  Control by Means of Art  Control by Customs Control by Folkways and Mores: Folkways refer to the ways of the people.  Control by Morality  Control by Sanctions  Control by Fashion www.cuidol.in Unit-8(BAQ-109) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

KEY WORDS/ABBREVIATIONS 11  Social Control- refers to the way in which society controls the behaviour of its members  Belief- an acceptance that something exists or is true  Social ideals - are standards or patterns that set objectives of behaviour to be followed by each individual as member of society www.cuidol.in Unit-8(BAQ-109) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

LEARNING ACTIVITY 12 1. Discuss the role of social control in your everyday life. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2. Which are the different agents of social control playing an important role in your everyday life. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- www.cuidol.in Unit-8(BAQ-109) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS 1. Which among the following is a formal method of social control? 13 (a) Customs (b) Social suggestion (c) Beliefs (d) Education 2. It refers to “that body of rules and principles concerned with good and evil as manifested to us by conscience”. (a) Customs (b) State (c) Education (d) Morality 3. A __________ is a type of intellectual property, and it typically comprises a name, word, phrase, logo, symbol, design, image, or a combination of these elements. (a) Royalty (b) Censorship (c) Trademark (d) None of the above Answers: 1.(d) 2.(d) 3.(c) www.cuidol.in Unit-8(BAQ-109) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

SUMMARY  Social control is an influence which may be exerted through public opinion, social suggestion, and religion, 14  The influence is exercised by society, there are various agencies of social control and the effectiveness of each agency depends largely upon the circumstances. The influence is exercised for promoting the welfare of the group as a whole: Through the ages, the means of social control have been determined from time-to-time by the social ideals cherished at that particular time.  Informal Agents of Social Control : The influence on individuals is exercised by society and it is expressed through customs, traditions and norms. The informal controls differ from group-to-group and society-to-society.  Individuals are socialized consciously or unconsciously in a culture of a society. B. Other Forms of Social Control are : Copyright, Intellectual Property Right, Censorship – Films, advertising, trademark, patent, royalty, defamation, the right of information act,2005. www.cuidol.in Unit-8(BAQ-109) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTION 15 1. How does a informal social control differs? (For more information see SLM) Ans: The informal controls differ from group-to-group and society-to-society. Individuals are socialized consciously or unconsciously in a culture of a society. 2. Name the censorship used in social control of the various field. (For more information see SLM) Ans: Censorship – Films, advertising, trademark, patent, royalty, defamation, the right of information act,2005. 3. Name the formal agents of social control. Ans: 1. Control through Leadership 2. Control by Education 3. Control by Force 4 Control through Law and Administration www.cuidol.in Unit-8(BAQ-109) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

REFERENCES 16 1. Giddens Anthony: Sociology, Polity Press, Ed.2, London 1999. 2. Schaefer Richard: Sociology, McGraw-Hill, 2005. 3. Horton and Hunt: Sociology, McGraw-Hill, Kogakusha Ltd. 4. Leslie, Larson, Gorman: Sociology, Oxford University Press, 1998. 5. Bhushan & Sachdeva: An Introduction to Sociology. 6. Jones M.E.: Basic Sociological Principles, Ginn & Company, 1949. 7. Kumar Keval J.: Mass Communication in India, Jaico Publishing House, 2003. 8. Rao Shankar C.N.: Sociology, S. Chand, 2006. 9. www.wikipedia.com 10. www.sociologyguide.com www.cuidol.in Unit-8(BAQ-109) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

17 THANK YOU For queries Email: [email protected] www.cuidol.in Unit-8(BAQ-109) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL