การเขียนบทความวิจัยอย่างไรให้ได้รับการตีพิมพ์

เขยี นบทความวจิ ยั อยา่ งไร ให้ไดร้ ับการตีพิมพ์ ศ.ดร.ภก.พรศักด์ิ ศรีอมรศักดิ์ มหาวทิ ยาลยั ศิลปากร [email protected] www.facebook.com/PornsakSriamornsak



Outline v Introduction v Selecting a journal v Preparing the manuscript v The process of writing v Submitting and revising the manuscript v Publication ethics and plagiarism



Increasing importance Writing papers is a skill v Many papers are badly written v Good writing is a skill you can learn v It’s a skill that is worth learning: § You will get more brownie points (more papers accepted, etc.) § Your ideas will have more impact § You will have better ideas Source: http://www.cs.umd.edu/~mwh/talks/simonpjmwhpaper.ppt

Writing papers: model 1 Idea Do research Write paper Source: http://www.cs.umd.edu/~mwh/talks/simonpjmwhpaper.ppt

Writing papers: (provocative) model 2 Idea Do research Write paper Idea Write paper Do research v Forces us to be clear, focused v Crystallizes what we don’t understand v Opens the way to dialogue with others: reality check, critique, and collaboration Source: http://www.cs.umd.edu/~mwh/talks/simonpjmwhpaper.ppt

Do not be intimidated Fallacy You need to have a fantastic idea before you can start to write a paper. Write a paper, and give a talk, about any idea, no matter how weedy and insignificant it may seem to you

Do not be intimidated v Writing the paper is how you develop the idea in the first place v It usually turns out to be more interesting and challenging that it seemed at first v Writing about it also helps you understand the problem space better § Better to solve a real problem than to design a solution looking for one Source: http://www.cs.umd.edu/~mwh/talks/simonpjmwhpaper.ppt

Why bother? Fallacy Good papers and talks are a we write papers and fundamental give talks mainly to part of research impress others, gain excellence recognition, and get promoted

Papers communicate ideas v Your goal: to infect the mind of your reader with your idea, like a virus v Papers are far more durable than programs The greatest ideas are (literally) worthless if you keep them to yourself

Paper writing is teaching v It is useful to think that you are teaching your reader your idea § What you did § Why it’s important § How it works v Well-written papers contribute more than just their described results § Readers understand the topic better Source: http://www.cs.umd.edu/~mwh/talks/simonpjmwhpaper.ppt

The idea v Figure out what your idea is. v Make certain that the reader is in no doubt what the idea is. Be 100% explicit: § “The main idea of this paper is....” § “In this section we present the main contributions of the paper.” v Many papers contain good ideas, but do not distil what they are. Idea A re-usable insight, useful to the reader



การตีพิมพ์ผลงานวจิ ัย ารตีพิมพง์ านวิจยั นักวิจยั ทาวิจยั ผลงานวิจยั ต้นฉบบั 3 (Manuscript) ส่งไปยงั วารสาร ตีพิมพเ์ พื่อเผยแพร่ Source: http://www.nmc.ac.th/2018/km/km0004.pdf

การตีพิมพ์ผลงานวิจยั วารสารท่ีมีการประเมินก่อนการตีพิมพ์ (Peer review Journal) Manuscript Submit วารสาร Editor Reject ผปู้ ระเมิน (Reviewers) 2-3 คน Editor Reject Response to reviewer’s ผลการประเมิน comments Accept or Reject ผวู้ ิจยั ตีพิมพเ์ พ่ือเผยแพร่ - ตอบคาถาม หรอื ชแ้ี จงคาถาม Editor หรอื ขอ้ สงสยั ของผปู้ ระเมนิ 4 - อาจจะตอ้ งทาการทดลองเพม่ิ Source: http://www.nmc.ac.th/2018/km/km0004.pdf



Focusing on your central message v This is one of the most important parts of writing your paper, and one that is often overlooked. v Think carefully about what it is that you want the readers to understand about your work. v Remember, we are all busy and we need to absorb your message quickly and clearly. v Try these exercises: § Write down the three central points of your paper. § Summarize your paper in one sentence. § Describe your work to a colleague in one minute.

Focusing on your central message v A common problem with summarizing your work is that there are usually several major findings. If you really can't squeeze your key message into one sentence don't worry. Try to do it in two. v If you can't do that then you need to take a careful look at the reasons. Remember, this is a very important part of the process for writing papers so work at it. v Talk to your colleagues and see if between you it is possible to highlight the central message of your work.

A number of studies have indicated that a badly written manuscript with poor use of English, even with good science, has less chance of being accepted and published.



กลยุทธก์ ารเลอื กวารสารเพ่ือการตพี ิมพ์

กลยุทธก์ ารเลอื กวารสารเพ่ือการตพี ิมพ์

กลยุทธก์ ารเลอื กวารสารเพ่ือการตพี ิมพ์

Author priorities for journal selection (Elsevier) Key (Determining) factors Marginal (Qualifying) factors § Impact Factor § Experience as a referee § Reputation § Track record § Access to the target § Quality and colour audience illustrations § Overall editorial standard § Publication speed § Service elements § International coverage § Open access

Q. Many considerations are important when submitting articles to journals. Please rate the following in terms of their importance to you.

Find the right journal JOURNAL SELECTOR - Suggest relevant journals for your manuscript JOURNAL FINDER - Example: journalfinder.elsevier.com JOURNAL METRICS - Different types of journal metrics - Impact metrics http://www.biomedcentral.com/getpublished/find-the-right-journal https://www.elsevier.com/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/91173/Brochure_UPP_April2015.pdf

JOURNAL SELECTOR • Enter your abstract, sample text or just a description of your research • Limit to only Impact Factor journals • Matches are based on over 300,000 published articles • Choose from over 400 open access journals published by BioMed Central, Chemistry Central, and SpringerOpen. http://www.biomedcentral.com/getpublished/find-the-right-journal

Journal Selector http://www.biomedcentral.com/getpublished/find-the-right-journal

Journal Selector http://www.biomedcentral.com/getpublished/find-the-right-journal

Journal Finder





Open access options







LAYOUT OF A SCIENTIFIC MANUSCRIPT Ø Title page Ø Abstract Ø Introduction Ø Materials & Methods Ø Results Ø Discussion Ø Acknowledgements Ø List of references Ø Figures and Tables (including title/legend)



TITLE Guideline for producing a good title Ø The simpler is the title, the better it is Ø Consider the target readership Ø Be brief --- short title is clearer and more interesting Ø Avoid excessive adjectives Ø Use phrase rather than sentence whenever possible Ø Do not make it sensational

TITLE v A title should describe the paper’s content clearly and precisely and allow the reader to decide whether it would be appropriate to read the paper further. v The title is the advertisement for the article – a poorly titled paper may never reach its target audience, so be specific. v Do not use abbreviations and jargon.

ABSTRACT § The abstract should briefly summarize the problems, methods! results, and conclusions (4 parts) § It should give sufficient detail so the reader can decide whether to read the whole article § Together! the title and abstract should stand on their own!\" as they are published in abstracting services – not to include references, figures or tables in the abstract § Many authors write the abstract last so it accurately reflects the content of the paper

ABSTRACT § Less is more – § only essential information needs to be presented § a short, powerful abstract will draw readers into your research and help the journal attract more readers and receive more citations Read more at https://wordvice.com/how-to-decrease-the-length-of-a-research-abstract/

INTRODUCTION v The introduction should clearly state the problem being investigated, provide background that explains the problem, and state the reasons for conducting the research. v Summarize relevant research to provide context, state how your work differs from published work, and explain what questions you are answering. v Explain what findings of others, if any, you are challenging or extending. v Briefly describe your experiment, hypothesis(es), research question(s), and general experimental design or method.

METHODS v The key purpose of this section is to provide the reader with enough details so they can replicate your research. v Explain how you studied the problem, identify the procedures you followed, and order these chronologically where possible. v If your methods are new, they will need to be explained in detail; otherwise, name the method and cite the previously published work, unless you have modified the method, in which case reference the original work and include the amendments.

METHODS v Include the frequency of observations and what type of data were recorded; be precise in describing measurements and include errors of measurement. v Name any statistical tests used so your numerical results can be validated.

It is useful to identify method as well as reference. Better to write “cells were broken by ultrasonic treatment as previously described (6)” rather than “cells were broken as previously described (6)”.

RESULTS v In this section you objectively present your findings and explain what was found. This is where you show what your new results are contributing to the body of scientific knowledge. v Raw data are rarely included in a scientific paper; instead, the data are analyzed and presented in the form of figures (graphs), tables, and/or descriptions of observations. v It is important to clearly identify for the reader any important trends.

RESULTS v This section should follow a logical sequence based on the tables and figures that best present the findings that answer the question(s) or hypothesis(es) being investigated. v Figures should have a brief description (a legend), providing the reader sufficient information to understand how the data were produced. v It is important not to interpret your results – this should be done in the Discussion section.

DISCUSSION v In this section you describe what your results mean, specifically in the context of what was already known about the subject of the investigation. v You should link the discussion back to the Introduction by way of the question(s) or hypothesis(es) posed. v You should indicate how the results relate to expectations and to the literature previously cited. v Most significantly, the Discussion section should explain how the research has moved the body of scientific knowledge forward#\"