Darwin và Cuộc hành trình của con tàu Beagle

["49","Capybara guanaco \u0110\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3u Chu\u1ed9t lang Patagonia 50","Nh\u1eefng c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng hoang \u1edf Achentina t\u1ecf Lo\u00e0i \u0111\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3u ba ng\u00f3n nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n lo\u00e0i \u0111\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3u ra l\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ebfu kh\u00e1ch. Nh\u1eefng ch\u00e2u Phi. Tuy kh\u00f4ng bay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ecf c\u1ee7a mi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea5t duy\u00ean h\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ea1y r\u1ea5t cao v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00e2n d\u00e0i nhanh ch\u00f3ng nh\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ed7 cho v\u00f9ng sa m\u1ea1c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1ea3i c\u00e1nh trong gi\u00f3, v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed hoang vu \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1c nh\u1eefng b\u1ee5i c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ea7y gai ch\u00fang c\u00f2n b\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i x\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ed3ng b\u00e0n ch\u1ea3i kh\u00f4 c\u1eb1n. m\u00e0ng. Trong cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh, Darwin c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i \u0111\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3u m\u1edbi, trong \u0111\u00f3 Con guanaco(1) di chuy\u1ec3n theo t\u1eebng \u0111\u00e0n g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 l\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5m s\u1eabm t\u1eeb n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m tr\u0103m con. N\u00f3 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea3nh m\u00e0u, \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00e2n c\u00f3 v\u1ea3y v\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u00f4ng \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u g\u1ed1i. gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 hay ho\u1ea3ng s\u1ee3 v\u00ec \u00fd th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng k\u1ebb th\u00f9 Lo\u00e0i \u0111\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3u m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n n\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ea7y s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n qu\u1ef7 quy\u1ec7t. \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3u Darwin. M\u1ed9t con guanaco tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u00edt khi b\u1ecb d\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f9ng. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y nhanh Con t\u00ea t\u00ea kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 con ng\u1ef1a n\u00e0o v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp v\u1ecf d\u00e0y t\u1ea1o n\u00ean b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i v\u1ea3y l\u1edbn b\u1eb1ng m\u00e0n tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111e d\u1ecda b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch h\u00ed vang ch\u1ea5t s\u1eebng v\u00e0 d\u00ednh v\u1edbi nhau b\u1edfi l\u1edbp da. N\u00f3 \u0103n tr\u1eddi, d\u1eadm ch\u00e2n th\u00ecnh th\u1ecbch v\u00e0 ch\u1ed5ng v\u00f3 l\u00ean tr\u1eddi, c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt nh\u1ecf kh\u00e1c. l\u00e0m cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 s\u0103n n\u00e0o c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i \u0110\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3t ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb con ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u0103n b\u1eaft v\u00ec th\u1ecbt c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c. ch\u00fang r\u1ea5t ngon. Khi b\u1ecb s\u0103n \u0111u\u1ed5i, con t\u00ea t\u00ea s\u1ebd \u0111\u00e0o hang, l\u1ea9n tr\u1ed1n trong l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ee5i m\u00f9 m\u1ecbt v\u00e0 1\t guanaco: m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i l\u1ea1c \u0111\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u01b0\u1edbu \u1edf Nam M\u1ef9. bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t trong t\u00edch t\u1eafc. C\u00fa \u0111\u00e0o hang Th\u1ecf \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ecf (vizcacha), chu\u1ed9t lang Patagonia v\u00e0 l\u1ee3n n\u01b0\u1edbc (capybara) \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c lo\u00e0i g\u1eadm nh\u1ea5m. Lo\u00e0i vizcacha \u0111\u00e0o m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u00e0m san b\u1eb1ng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t xung quanh l\u1ed1i v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng quan s\u00e1t nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb th\u00f9 nguy hi\u1ec3m \u0111ang \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n. N\u00f3 chia s\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m v\u1edbi lo\u00e0i c\u00fa \u0111\u00e0o hang, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 canh g\u00e1c \u1edf l\u1ed1i v\u00e0o. Lo\u00e0i capyraba s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng b\u1ea7y v\u00e0i tr\u0103m con. N\u00f3 tr\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t con chu\u1ed9t lang l\u1edbn nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n th\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng g\u1ea7n g\u0169i h\u01a1n v\u1edbi lo\u00e0i chu\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Khi g\u1eb7p nguy hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd nhanh ch\u00f3ng l\u1eb7n xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 b\u01a1i \u0111i m\u1ea5t. T\u00ea t\u00ea kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 51","Ng\u00e0y 13 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1834 \u201c\u0110\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3u!\u201d, FitzRoy k\u00eau l\u00ean khi h\u1ecd tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng con chim \u0111ang l\u1eafc m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 r\u0169 V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 13 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1834, con t\u00e0u n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1ecfi b\u1ed9 l\u00f4ng. \u201cTa kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang Beagle \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i v\u00e0o c\u1eeda s\u00f4ng Santa Cruz v\u00e0 l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.\u201d n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean b\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa. Sau khi tr\u1ea3i qua g\u1ea7n hai n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ebd h\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00f9ng b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng \t\u0110i th\u00eam v\u00e0i m\u00e9t n\u1eefa, h\u1ecd ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t b\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a Nam M\u1ef9, th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u00e0n r\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 tin \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp guanaco r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m ng\u00e0n con t\u1ee5c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh d\u1ecdc b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n ph\u00eda to kh\u1ecfe \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng y\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c tr\u00ean b\u00ecnh t\u00e2y. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1y t\u00e0u \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb c\u00e0o n\u00e1t b\u1edfi nguy\u00ean dung nham n\u00fai l\u1eeda. \u0111\u00e1 ng\u1ea7m n\u00ean gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y n\u00f3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh. \u201cN\u00e0y ch\u00e0ng trai tr\u1ebb, t\u1ed1i nay c\u1eadu s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta canh g\u00e1c tr\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng b\u1ecb b\u1ecdn da Thuy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng FitzRoy ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecf t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd d\u1ea1y cho c\u1eadu bi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i \u0111o\u00e0n s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebfng khi \u0103n kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ed3i c\u0103ng m\u1eaft ra nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.\u201d r\u1ed3i trong v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y t\u1edbi n\u00ean \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb h\u1ecd d\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ebfn th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m. Th\u1ee7y tri\u1ec1u v\u1eabn d\u00e2ng l\u00ean khi h\u1ecd \u0111i th\u00eam m\u1ed9t qu\u00e3ng n\u1eefa, nh\u01b0ng d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean \u201cCh\u00fang ta h\u00e3y l\u1ea5y ba chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n nh\u1ecf \u0111i chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 gi\u00f3 l\u1eb7ng \u0111i. C\u00e1ch duy nh\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i k\u00e9o thuy\u1ec1n n\u00fai Andes,\u201d \u00f4ng n\u00f3i v\u1edbi Darwin. \u201cTheo nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i. M\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y th\u1eebng ngu\u1ed3n tin, tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3 ai \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00e2n d\u00e0i - \u0111\u1ea7u kia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed9t c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0o thuy\u1ec1n - v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t trong n\u00e0y v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y cong l\u01b0ng k\u00e9o. \u0110\u00e2y qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u1eb7ng nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng hoang d\u00e3 \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng l\u00e2n nh\u1ecdc v\u00e0 m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khi g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng c\u1eadn.\u201d V\u00ec th\u1ebf, v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m sau, tr\u00ean ba chi\u1ebfc gh\u1ec1nh th\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed5 xu\u1ed1ng, xo\u00e1y tung nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed7 t\u00e0u s\u0103n c\u00e1 m\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7y l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef \u0111o\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f2ng Sana Cruz.. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i di\u1ec5n ra d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. Thu\u1eadn gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 th\u1ee7y tri\u1ec1u d\u00e2ng nhanh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a h\u1ecd v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua nh\u1eefng b\u00e3i s\u00f4ng c\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e1 cu\u1ed9i v\u00e0 b\u00f9n l\u1ea7y, b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i sau l\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng hoang v\u1eafng tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi. \u201cCh\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec hay ho \u1edf v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb nh\u1eefng b\u00e3i ng\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ea7y b\u00f9n v\u00e0 c\u00e1t.\u201d Ben c\u00e0u nh\u00e0u. \u201cKh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec hay ho \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y th\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng?\u201d Darwin v\u1eb7n l\u1ea1i. \u201cV\u1eady con ngh\u0129 sao v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng con v\u1eadt s\u1eabm m\u00e0u \u0111ang b\u01a1i qua d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t?\u201d Nh\u01b0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi Ben k\u1ecbp \u0111\u00e1p l\u1ea1i th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ngay c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi khi nh\u1eefng con v\u1eadt k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1edd s\u00f4ng v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u leo tr\u00ean b\u1edd b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00e2n d\u00e0i nh\u01b0 chi\u1ebfc c\u00e0 kheo. 52","n\u00f4ng c\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a con s\u00f4ng hay nh\u1eefng m\u00f5m \u0111\u00e1 nh\u00f4 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m n\u00f3. Trong l\u00e0n gi\u00f3 l\u00ean gi\u1eefa d\u00f2ng. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u00e9o thuy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea5t l\u1ea1nh c\u00f3ng v\u00e0 s\u00f3ng bi\u1ec3n nh\u1ea5p nh\u00f4, h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i gi\u01b0\u01a1ng ki\u00ean tr\u00ec m\u1edbi v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u bu\u1ed3m ra Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n kia c\u1ee7a con s\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7 ph\u1ea3i \u0111i v\u00f2ng qua M\u0169i H\u1ea3o V\u1ecdng v\u00ec m\u1ed9t k\u00eanh ngh\u1ec9 ch\u00e2n. \u0111\u00e0o s\u00e2u c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 Eo bi\u1ec3n Magellan \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i t\u1eaft \u0111i qua nh\u1eefng h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o \u1edf ph\u00eda Darwin v\u00e0 Ben th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1ed3i \u1edf \u0111\u1eb1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eafc c\u1ee7a Tierra Del Fuego. thuy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 trinh s\u00e1t v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm th\u00fa vui. Ch\u1eb3ng m\u1ea5y ch\u1ed1c h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y quang c\u1ea3nh Ngay khi v\u1eeba \u0111i v\u00e0o k\u00eanh \u0111\u00e0o n\u00e0y, chi\u1ebfc t\u00e0u \u0111\u1eb9p tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi c\u1ee7a r\u1eb7ng Andes cao s\u1eebng s\u1eefng, Beagle tr\u1edf n\u00ean nh\u1ecf b\u00e9 v\u00e0 l\u1ecdt th\u1ecfm gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec9nh n\u00fai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao ph\u1ee7 b\u1edfi tuy\u1ebft tr\u1eafng ch\u00f3i b\u1edd \u0111\u00e1 n\u00fai cao s\u1eebng s\u1eefng, gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng l\u00f2a v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u1ee3n m\u00e2y b\u00e0ng b\u1ea1c. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i s\u00e2u b\u0103ng v\u00e0 v\u00e1ch n\u00fai d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ee9ng nh\u00f4 l\u00ean t\u1eeb hai b\u00ean. v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n g\u1ea7n b\u1ed1n tr\u0103m c\u00e2y s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y m\u1ecdi \u0110\u00e2y \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng g\u00e0o th\u00e9t c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng th\u00e1c gh\u1ec1nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed5 tung n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb tr\u00ean cao ch\u00f3t v\u00f3t xu\u1ed1ng ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai. Darwin khao kh\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n, l\u00e0m b\u1eafn l\u00ean kh\u00f4ng trung nh\u1eefng tia \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00f9 m\u1ecbt nh\u01b0 s\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u00e1. c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u xanh lam c\u1ee7a b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi, Nh\u01b0ng kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c \u0111ang c\u1ea1n \u0111i m\u00e0u l\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea3, m\u00e0u x\u00e1m c\u1ee7a \u00e1nh th\u00e9p nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 FitzRoy n\u00f3ng l\u00f2ng quay tr\u1edf v\u00e0 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng ch\u00f3i l\u00f2a c\u1ee7a b\u0103ng tuy\u1ebft. M\u00e0u l\u1ea1i t\u00e0u. Darwin ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1m b\u1eb1ng l\u00f2ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng s\u1eafc l\u1ea1nh l\u1ebdo v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 y\u00ean t\u0129nh c\u1ee7a m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng v\u0129nh ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y hai h\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbu l\u1ea1i nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng tia n\u1eafng \u1ea5m th\u00e1ng tr\u1eddi. \u00d4ng \u01b0\u1edbc ao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e8o thuy\u1ec1n sang \u00e1p c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111ang l\u1eb7n v\u00e0o m\u1ed7i bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u t\u00e0. ph\u00eda b\u00ean kia c\u1ee7a ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua 53","V\u00e0o m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean t\u00e0u Beagle \u0111i v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n. H\u1ecd k\u00e9o thuy\u1ec1n l\u00ean b\u1edd v\u00e0 c\u1eafm tr\u1ea1i tr\u00ean b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0103n t\u1ed1i. B\u1ed7ng nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t t\u1ea3ng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a b\u1edd \u0111\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng b\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed5 \u1ee5p x\u1ed1ng, k\u00e9o theo m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 l\u1edf tuy\u1ebft. Nh\u1eefng h\u1ebbm n\u00fai v\u00e0 thung l\u0169ng vang v\u1ecdng ti\u1ebfng \u1ea7m \u1ea7m c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng kh\u1ed1i tuy\u1ebft \u0111ang di chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 s\u00f3ng bi\u1ec3n cu\u1ed3n cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2ng cao tr\u00e0n l\u00ean b\u1edd. Ch\u01b0a ai t\u1eebng ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn c\u1ea3nh s\u00f3ng c\u1ed3n \u1edf mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai nh\u01b0 v\u1eady tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb \u01b0\u1edbt s\u0169ng. Nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tranh nhau l\u00ean thuy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 n\u00e9m l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c l\u00ean t\u00e0u \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb cu\u1ed1n \u0111i m\u1ea5t. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee3t s\u00f3ng m\u1edbi l\u1ea1i k\u00e9o ch\u00fang xu\u1ed1ng b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i v\u1eadt l\u1ed9n nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n v\u1edbi s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y th\u1eebng m\u1edbi l\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m l\u1ea1i. Sau chuy\u1ebfn th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, cu\u1ed9c du h\u00e0nh ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t kh\u00ed th\u1ebf m\u1edbi v\u00ec m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u mong m\u1ecfi \u0111i ra bi\u1ec3n r\u1ed9ng. Tuy v\u1eady, h\u1ecd c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng tr\u1eddi m\u1edbi \u0111i qua eo bi\u1ec3n n\u00e0y. Con k\u00eanh \u0111\u00e0o n\u00e0y b\u1ecb thu h\u1eb9p nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 do nh\u1eefng t\u1ea3ng b\u0103ng tr\u00f4i v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu chi\u1ebfc Beagle \u0111i v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 g\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng b\u1edd \u0111\u00e1, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb va v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng t\u1ea3ng b\u0103ng l\u1edbn \u0111ang r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng. Tuy\u1ebft bao ph\u1ee7 boong t\u00e0u v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn truy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c tr\u00ean t\u00e0u b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng. Th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u00e0n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u r\u00ean r\u1ec9. H\u1ecd ng\u00e3 b\u1ec7nh v\u00ec qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o \u01b0\u1edbt c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4, c\u00f2n th\u1ee9c \u0103n th\u00ec qu\u00e1 t\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nu\u1ed1t n\u1ed5i. 54","55","Ng\u00e0y 22 th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 1834 C\u1eadu b\u00e9 c\u1ea7m m\u1eabu v\u1ecf s\u00f2 bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e3 h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o trong tay v\u00e0 ch\u0103m ch\u00fa quan s\u00e1t. C\u1ee9 th\u1ebf, v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 22 th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 1834, chi\u1ebfc t\u00e0u Beagle cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u1eadp b\u1ebfn th\u1ee7 \u201c\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111ang ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng trong m\u1eabu h\u00f3a \u0111\u00f4 Valparaiso sang tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a Chil\u00ea. th\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 trong c\u00e1i m\u1eabu kia n\u1eefa?\u201d C\u1eadu V\u1edbi n\u01a1i \u1edf ti\u1ec7n nghi, th\u1ee9c \u0103n ngon v\u00e0 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft b\u00e9 l\u1ea9m b\u1ea9m. C\u1eadu nh\u00ecn ch\u1eb1m ch\u1eb1m xung ng\u1eadp tr\u00e0n n\u1eafng \u1ea5m, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u trong t\u00e2m quanh... \u201cTo\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u1ec9a h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 tr\u1ea1ng s\u1ea3ng kho\u00e1i. Darwin ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u00e1i v\u1ec9a ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y \u1edf b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n.\u201d duy nh\u1ea5t. Darwin c\u1ea7m m\u1eabu h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch t\u1eeb tay Ben v\u00e0 \u201cN\u00e0y, Ben!\u201d, \u00d4ng th\u00fac gi\u1ee5c. \u201cCh\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea7m t\u01b0 suy ngh\u0129. \u00d4ng t\u1ecf ra h\u01a1i ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean khi t\u00ecm nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng con la \u1edf ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u01b0\u1eddn n\u00fai h\u1ecd c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ch\u00fang ta l\u00ean d\u00e3y n\u00fai kia.\u201d khu r\u1eebng nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u00e2y c\u1ecf \u0111\u00e3 h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch thu\u1ed9c K\u1ef7 Ph\u1ea5n Tr\u1eafng. \u0110\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean \u00f4ng n\u00f3i \u201c\u0110\u00fang Tr\u00e8o l\u00ean d\u00e3y n\u00fai Andes l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 ta ngh\u0129! B\u00e2y gi\u1edd ta g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nh\u1eefng con la ch\u1edf h\u1ecd ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng d\u00e3y n\u00fai n\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u00ean n\u00fai theo nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00f2n h\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ea7y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng.\u201d \u0111\u00e1, d\u1ecdc theo nh\u1eefng g\u1edd \u0111\u00e1 cheo leo v\u00e0 l\u00ean t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec9nh n\u00fai d\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ee9ng hi\u1ec3m tr\u1edf. Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u201cTh\u1eadt v\u1eady sao?\u201d Ben n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0i nghi. kh\u00f4 v\u00e0 trong l\u00e0nh, c\u00f2n quang c\u1ea3nh th\u1eadt tuy\u1ec7t \u201cC\u00f2n nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y n\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng m\u1ecdc v\u1eddi. M\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i l\u00ean cao h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, \u0111\u00eam \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00ec c\u1eafm tr\u1ea1i quanh \u00e1nh l\u1eeda h\u1ed3ng. X\u00e9t v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9, d\u00e3y n\u00fai n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng l\u01b0ng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba Nam M\u1ef9. Darwin c\u00e0ng l\u00fac c\u00e0ng t\u00f2 m\u00f2 mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u xem r\u1eb7ng n\u00fai n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. L\u1ea7n n\u00e0y, ch\u00ednh c\u1eb7p m\u1eb7t tinh anh c\u1ee7a Ben \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n manh m\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. 56","tr\u00ean b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n,\u201d Darwin gi\u1ea3i B\u00e2y gi\u1edd ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang chuy\u1ec3n sang th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 th\u00edch. \u201cN\u00e0o, con h\u00e3y c\u00fai hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. Nh\u1eefng v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e2y! Ta s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 cho Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 n\u00e2ng r\u1eb7ng Andes l\u00ean h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n m\u00e9t tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n. D\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a dung con xem \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 ta v\u1eeba nham n\u00fai l\u1eeda bao ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eefng kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e1. Con h\u00e3y n\u00f3i.\u201d xem v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7y tri\u1ec1u m\u1ed7i khi n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n r\u00fat lui \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m x\u00f3i m\u00f2n nh\u1eefng s\u01b0\u1eddn d\u1ed1c \u00d4ng c\u1ea7m m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y t\u1ea1o n\u00ean b\u1edfi d\u00f2ng dung nham nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. H\u00e3y g\u1eady v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1c ho\u1ea1 nh\u00ecn nh\u1eefng b\u00e3i ng\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ea7y b\u00f9n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1 cu\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng Santa Cruz \u0111\u00e3 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t. khi n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n r\u00fat xu\u1ed1ng. Con c\u00f3 nh\u1edb ch\u00fang \u201cCh\u00fang ta h\u00e3y xem m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y trong su\u1ed1t ngang c\u1ee7a Nam M\u1ef9 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y chuy\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a con h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1nh s\u00f4ng n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o r\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9?\u201d r\u1eebng th\u00f4ng m\u1ecdc g\u1ea7n b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i T\u00e2y D\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u00f2n \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u201cNg\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 B\u0103ng H\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 qua. Nh\u1eefng ch\u1ecfm b\u0103ng \u0111\u00e3 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i m\u1eabu h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u1eabu c\u00e2y tan ra v\u00e0 m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e2ng l\u00ean. Khu r\u1eebng ch\u1ebft sao?\u201d, Ben h\u1ecfi v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f4i m\u1eaft m\u1edf to kinh ng\u1ea1c. th\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1ecb ng\u1eadp ch\u00ecm trong n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n. Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y \u0111i ti\u1ebfp \u201cT\u1eeb nh\u1eefng m\u1eabu h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch, c\u00e1c m\u1eabu \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 v\u00e0i tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m n\u1eefa. Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111ang l\u1ea1nh \u0111i v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t. Con th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea5y, c\u00e1c m\u1eabu v\u1ecf c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 b\u1ecb co r\u00fat l\u1ea1i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch v\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00ean r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00fd th\u00fa. N\u00e0y chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp \u0111\u00e1 n\u00e0y so v\u1edbi l\u1edbp \u0111\u00e1 kia. S\u1ee9c \u00e9p Ben, d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang \u0111ang k\u1ec3 cho con nghe n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng v\u1ebft g\u00e3y n\u1ee9t tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea5y!\u201d Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t. Nh\u1eefng kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e1 b\u1ecb l\u1eadt ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng d\u00e3y n\u00fai, nh\u1eefng ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai l\u1eeda v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t. Con c\u00f3 th\u1ea5y b\u1ee9c tranh \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng? 57","Th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 1834 B\u1ecd Vinchuca B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i m\u00f9a h\u00e8 n\u0103m 1834 v\u00e0 th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfc t\u00e0u Beagle chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb tr\u1ea3i qua m\u01b0\u1eddi hai th\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ecda \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n ph\u00eda t\u00e2y Nam M\u1ef9 theo c\u00e1ch h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m v\u1edbi b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng trong su\u1ed1t n\u0103m v\u1eeba r\u1ed3i. Darwin kh\u00e1 r\u00e3nh r\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ebfn du ngo\u1ea1n v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng d\u00e3y n\u00fai nh\u1eb1m t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c m\u1eabu v\u1eadt. M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai cao nh\u1ea5t trong d\u00e3y Andes: \u0111\u1ec9nh Campana hay Bell. B\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00f4ng, n\u01b0\u1edbc Chil\u00ea tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e0i, h\u1eb9p gi\u00e1p v\u1edbi Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u00e3y n\u00fai. B\u00ean ph\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, nh\u1eefng con s\u00f4ng s\u00e2u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng gh\u1ec1nh th\u00e1c c\u1ee7a d\u00e3y n\u00fai \u0111ang quanh co u\u1ed1n l\u01b0\u1ee3n, ch\u1ea3y qua nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng duy\u00ean h\u1ea3i xanh t\u01b0\u01a1i r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ed5 ra bi\u1ec3n. B\u00ean tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, r\u1eb7ng n\u00fai Cordillera \u0111\u1ec9nh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7y tuy\u1ebft d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1eafn h\u00f9ng v\u0129 kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. B\u1ed1n b\u1ec1 xung quanh r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e1 n\u00fai l\u1eeda \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phun tr\u00e0o t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng mi\u1ec7ng n\u00fai l\u1eeda hi\u1ec7n ng\u1ee7 y\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee7 r\u00eau v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng b\u00f3ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p Darwin r\u00fat ra k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng v\u1ee5 phun tr\u00e0o n\u00fai l\u1eeda n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi x\u1ea3y ra g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y. Trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c, khi Darwin \u0111ang \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng nh\u1ecf, \u00f4ng ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn c\u1ea3nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e0n ch\u00e2u ch\u1ea5u \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Nghe ti\u1ebfng vo ve k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 \u1edf \u0111\u1eb1ng sau gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u00e2m thanh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n l\u1ed1c xo\u00e1y \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n, Darwin quay ng\u1ef1a l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi t\u1ed1i s\u1ea7m b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y n\u00e2u \u0111en kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3. M\u1ed9t b\u1ea7y ch\u00e2u ch\u1ea5u \u0111ang bay \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 kho\u1ea3ng hai m\u01b0\u01a1i c\u00e2y s\u1ed1 gi\u1edd t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00f4ng ngh\u1ecbt c\u00e1ch m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n m\u00e9t. B\u1ea7y ch\u00e2u ch\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e1p xu\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m th\u1ea3m d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u00e1n c\u00e2y xanh v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i \u0103n s\u1ea1ch tr\u1ee5i l\u00e1 c\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 trong t\u00edc t\u1eafc. D\u00e2n l\u00e0ng ch\u1ea1y ra v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1t l\u1eeda l\u00ean v\u00f3i hy v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f3i s\u1ebd xua \u0111u\u1ed5i l\u0169 c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng n\u00e0y. Nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1eb3ng gi\u00fap \u00edch g\u00ec, h\u1ecd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f9ng ch\u1ed5i \u0111\u1eadp xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ee5i c\u00e2y. \u0110\u00e0n ch\u00e2u ch\u1ea5u ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c bay \u0111i kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fat ti\u1ebfc th\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i ph\u00eda sau ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng ti\u00eau \u0111i\u1ec1u. T\u1ed1i h\u00f4m \u1ea5y, trong khi \u0111ang ng\u1ee7 v\u1eadt v\u1edd trong ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh, Darwin ch\u1ee3t t\u1ec9nh gi\u1ea5c khi c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt g\u00ec \u0111ang t\u1eeb t\u1eeb b\u00f2 qua ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00f4ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con b\u1ecd vinchuca c\u00f3 v\u1eb1n \u0111en v\u00e0 v\u00e0ng, m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng th\u00e2n m\u1ec1m, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1nh, d\u00e0i g\u1ea7n ba centim\u00e9t. N\u00f3 \u0111ang \u0111\u1eadu tr\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00f4ng trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh l\u00e9p k\u1eb9p v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3i, th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 trong ch\u1eebng m\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00fat n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng v\u00f2i h\u00fat nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1u \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u0103ng ph\u1ed3ng l\u00ean. Darwin nh\u1ea3y d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7y kinh t\u1edfm v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc gi\u00e0y \u0111\u1eadp v\u00e0o con v\u1eadt h\u00fat m\u00e1u g\u1edbm ghi\u1ebfc kia. \u00d4ng v\u1eeba th\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3i con c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t b\u1eefa ti\u1ec7c hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3, m\u1ed9t b\u1eefa ti\u1ec7c cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng trong \u0111\u1eddi n\u00f3. 58 54","59","Ch\u1eb3ng m\u1ea5y ch\u1ed1c, Ben \u0111\u00e3 quen thu\u1ed9c nh\u1eefng d\u00e3y n\u00fai n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 m\u00ecnh. C\u1eadu b\u00e9 \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i c\u00e1ch l\u1ea7n ra \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i xuy\u00ean qua nh\u1eefng h\u1ebbm n\u00fai cao m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng, ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c g\u00ec m\u1ed9t con la. Nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y n\u1ecd, khi tr\u00e8o l\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1 d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 \u0111ang t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch b\u00e1m tay v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1 l\u1edfm ch\u1edfm \u0111\u1ea7y kh\u00eda nh\u1ecdn, m\u1ed9t tay c\u1eadu t\u00fam ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n chim l\u1ecfng n\u00ean b\u1ecb r\u01a1i tu\u1ed9t xu\u1ed1ng b\u1edd \u0111\u00e1 ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0i feet. \u201cKh\u1ec9 th\u1eadt!\u201d, c\u1eadu b\u00e9 v\u1eeba ch\u1eedi r\u1ee7a v\u1eeba lau v\u1ebft tr\u1ea7y x\u01b0\u1edbt tr\u00ean m\u1eaft c\u00e1 ch\u00e2n. B\u1ed7ng c\u1eadu tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t con m\u1eaft m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng d\u1eef t\u1ee3n \u0111ang ng\u00f3 m\u00ecnh tr\u1eebng tr\u1eebng. M\u1ed9t con chim k\u1ec1n k\u1ec1n \u0111ang gi\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ed5 l\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00e1i y\u1ebfm th\u1ecbt m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf s\u1eb7c s\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u1eafc l\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea7y ph\u1eabn n\u1ed9. Nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc m\u00f3ng kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 b\u1ea5u ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0o b\u1edd \u0111\u00e1 nh\u01b0 \u0111ang th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1eadu b\u00e9 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c tr\u00e8o l\u00ean. Th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 l\u00f4ng \u0111en tuy\u1ec1n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ea3ng khoang c\u1ed5 tr\u1eafng mu\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00e0ng to\u00e1t l\u00ean v\u1ebb ki\u00eau ng\u1ea1o v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng tha th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea7y t\u1ee9c gi\u1eadn. \u201cBen, h\u00e3y nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng tr\u00e8o xu\u1ed1ng trong khi con chim v\u1eabn \u0111ang ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a con.\u201d Darwin khuy\u00ean nh\u1ee7. \u201cTa c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y hai qu\u1ea3 tr\u1ee9ng kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng tr\u00ean b\u1edd \u0111\u00e1 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng xa v\u00e0 ta ng\u1edd r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 s\u1ebd xem con nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ean x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c nguy hi\u1ec3m khi n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1eddi gian ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y.\u201d \u1ede m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n, c\u1ea3 hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi quan s\u00e1t con chim \u0111ang c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c. \u201cNh\u1eefng c\u00e1i tr\u1ee9ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u0103n xu\u1ed1ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng,\u201d Ben b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn. \u201c\u0110\u00fang, chim k\u1ec1n k\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m t\u1ed5, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 ch\u1ecdn nh\u1eefng v\u00e1ch n\u00fai cheo leo t\u1eadn tr\u00ean cao kh\u00f4ng sinh v\u1eadt n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebb tr\u1ee9ng. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u c\u1eb7p chim kh\u00e1c quanh 60","\u0111\u00e2y b\u1edfi v\u00ec k\u1ec1n k\u1ec1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i chim kh\u00e1 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng hai hay ba ch\u1ee5c con c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng chia nhau m\u1ed9t l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u01b0 ng\u1ee5.\u201d \u201cN\u00f3 \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u1eb7p m\u1eaft v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc vu\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i chim \u0103n th\u1ecbt,\u201d Ben r\u00f9ng m\u00ecnh kinh h\u00e3i. \u201cC\u1eb7p m\u1eaft s\u1eafc b\u00e9n \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t nh\u1eefng g\u00ec tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t khi n\u00f3 bay l\u01b0\u1ee3n tr\u00ean tr\u1eddi cao. Nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc vu\u1ed1t nh\u1ecdn d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e9 th\u1ecbt ra kh\u1ecfi b\u1ed9 x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng con m\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ed1i r\u1eefa c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 c\u1eebu hay d\u00ea con, ch\u00fang \u00edt khi t\u1ef1 \u0111i s\u0103n m\u1ed3i m\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 cho m\u1ed9t con b\u00e1o s\u01b0 t\u1eed(1) l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u1eb7ng nh\u1ecdc n\u00e0y r\u1ed3i sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd nh\u1eb7t nh\u1ea1nh th\u1ee9c \u0103n th\u1eeba.\u201d \u201cCon chim n\u00e0y tr\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ebb r\u1ea5t no \u0111\u1ee7, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn nh\u01b0 v\u1eady,\u201d Ben n\u00f3i. \u201cC\u00f3 l\u1ebd n\u00f3 m\u1edbi ng\u1ed1n th\u1ee9c \u0103n v\u00e0o b\u1ee5ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y ch\u01b0a l\u00e2u l\u1eafm v\u00e0 \u0111ang ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a th\u1ee9c \u0103n th\u00ec con xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. N\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0103n trong v\u00e0i h\u00f4m.\u201d Con chim \u0111\u00e3 quan s\u00e1t h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00e2u r\u1ed3i. N\u00f3 r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi v\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 trong v\u00e0i gi\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 bay v\u00fat l\u00ean cao. Ben ch\u0103m ch\u00fa quan s\u00e1t n\u00f3. \u201cN\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng v\u1ed7 c\u00e1nh,\u201d c\u1eadu b\u00e9 n\u00f3i, \u201cL\u00e0m sao n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bay l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c?\u201d \u201cH\u00e3y nh\u00ecn s\u1ea3i c\u00e1nh kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. N\u00f3 r\u1ed9ng kho\u1ea3ng hai m\u00e9t r\u01b0\u1ee1i v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 l\u00f4ng c\u00e1nh kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3i r\u1ed9ng h\u1ebft m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3n l\u1ea5y d\u00f2ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed n\u00f3ng \u0111i l\u00ean t\u1eeb m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t. V\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3, con chim n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bay l\u01b0\u1edbt \u0111i v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c.\u201d \u201cCh\u00fang bi\u1ebft l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 khi n\u00e0o v\u1eady?\u201d Ben h\u1ecfi. \u201cNh\u1eefng con chim non kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 bay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong ch\u1eebng m\u1ed9t n\u0103m. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed khi \u1ea5y ch\u00fang v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u1edf v\u1edbi chim b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 trong th\u1eddi gian h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch \u0111i s\u0103n m\u1ed3i. Ch\u00fang s\u1ebd r\u1eddi t\u1ed5 khi c\u00e1i khoang c\u1ed5 tr\u1eafng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1edbn, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a chim con.\u201d Darwin v\u00e0 Ben \u0111i xu\u1ed1ng n\u00fai v\u00e0 v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t con chim k\u1ec1n k\u1ec1n \u1edf ngay s\u00e1t b\u00ean h\u1ecd. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Chi-l\u00ea \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u con \u0111ang \u0111\u1eadu tr\u00ean c\u00e2y g\u1ea7n l\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 khi nh\u1eefng con chim n\u00e0y c\u00f2n \u0111ang ng\u1ee7 say, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e8o l\u00ean c\u00e2y v\u00e0 t\u00f3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p l\u00e0m b\u1eefa \u0103n t\u1ed1i. 1\t b\u00e1o puma 61","B T\u00cd N 62","63","Ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng Hai n\u0103m 1835 V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng Hai n\u0103m 1835, Darwin v\u00e0 Ben \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n g\u1ea7n th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n Valdivia - \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t rung chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3 d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00e2n, khi\u1ebfn m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t l\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3o v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng trong nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00fat. Tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfc t\u00e0u Beagle th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u00e0n c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 thu\u1eadt l\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng chi\u1ebfc t\u00e0u \u0111\u00e3 x\u00f3c m\u1ea1nh t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1eebng \u0111\u00e1y t\u00e0u b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh v\u1ee1. Ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y hai tu\u1ea7n sau \u0111\u00f3, khi \u0111\u00e3 giong thuy\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda b\u1eafc h\u1ecd m\u1edbi nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 may m\u1eafn tho\u00e1t hi\u1ec3m. Tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m rung chuy\u1ec3n h\u01a1n b\u1ed1n tr\u0103m kil\u00f4m\u00e9t b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Chi-l\u00ea \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed9t thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Khi c\u1eadp c\u1ea3ng Talcabuano h\u1ecd ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n r\u1eb1ng th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb san th\u00e0nh b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecba, nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ed5 n\u00e1t tung to\u00e9 kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i, nh\u1eefng x\u00e1c th\u00fa v\u1eadt n\u1eb1m v\u1eaft v\u1ebbo tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng th\u00e2n c\u00e2y b\u1ecb tr\u00f3c r\u1ec5, \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ea1c trong nh\u00e0 n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng m\u00e1i nh\u00e0 b\u1ecb x\u00e9 to\u1ea1c. M\u00f9i x\u00e1c ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 x\u00fa u\u1ebf bao tr\u00f9m kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t g\u00e3y v\u00e0 v\u1eb7n v\u1eb9o, \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t ch\u01b0a h\u1ebft b\u00e0ng ho\u00e0ng trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed5 n\u00e1t \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ee3i nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u b\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc. M\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n rung chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1edf ra v\u00e0 kh\u00e9p l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng khe n\u1ee9t r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 s\u00e2u. M\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 b\u1ecb u\u1ed1n v\u1eb7n v\u00e0 khu\u1ea5y tung l\u00ean t\u1ea1o n\u00ean nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfng v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 \u00e2m thanh kh\u00f4 khan, r\u1ec1n r\u0129. N\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n l\u00f9i l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eb1ng xa \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng con t\u00e0u n\u1eb1m ch\u1ecfng ch\u01a1 trong v\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb k\u00ecm n\u00e9n b\u1ea5y l\u00e2u, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e9t s\u1ea1ch v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n b\u00ean trong b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ee3t s\u00f3ng th\u1ea7n kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3, \u0111\u1ee3t sau l\u1ea1i l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ee3t tr\u01b0\u1edbc. M\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n d\u00e2ng l\u00ean th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i h\u1ed1 cu\u1ed9n xo\u00e1y \u0111en ng\u00f2m s\u00f4i s\u1ee5c nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1y \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t to\u00e1t ra v\u00e0 h\u00fat v\u00e0o b\u00ean trong l\u00f2ng n\u00f3 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i n\u00f4n th\u00e1o ra tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1m kh\u00f3i l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 b\u1ecb cu\u1ed1n ra bi\u1ec3n h\u00f2a quy\u1ec7n c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e1m b\u1ee5i b\u1eb7m ngh\u1eb9t th\u1edf v\u00e0 c\u00e1i n\u00f3ng ng\u1ed9t ng\u1ea1t. Th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n Conception b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y ch\u1ec9 trong s\u00e1u gi\u00e2y. Nh\u1eefng t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1 kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 t\u1eeb tr\u00ean d\u1ed1c n\u00fai cao d\u1ed9i xu\u1ed1ng b\u1eafn ph\u00e1 th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n v\u00e0 b\u1ecb nu\u1ed1t ch\u1eedng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ed5 n\u00e1t v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf ra tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t. Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi to\u00e0 dinh th\u1ef1 xung quanh \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y. Khi Darwin \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 h\u01a1n ba tr\u0103m ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u1ea3y ra gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfng v\u1ecdng ch\u1eadm ch\u1ea1p ch\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh. B\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u1edbp v\u1ecf c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t s\u00f4i s\u1ee5c tr\u00e0o l\u00ean m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 l\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh lao \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n n\u0103m tr\u1eddi c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00e0i gi\u00e2y. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng vi\u1ec7c Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y v\u1eabn \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c x\u1ea3y ra. 64","65","Ng\u00e0y 21 th\u00e1ng Ba n\u0103m 1835 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Chi-l\u00ea ti\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng nh\u1ea3y l\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1 cao v\u00e0 c\u00fai r\u1ea1p V\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n sau \u0111\u00f3, Darwin v\u00e0 Ben v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua m\u00ecnh xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c. M\u1ed9t gi\u00e2y sau anh ta v\u1eaby ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai Cordillera b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch b\u0103ng qua tay ra hi\u1ec7u cho hai nh\u00e0 du h\u00e0nh \u0111i theo m\u00ecnh. ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8o Portillo hi\u1ec3m tr\u1edf. Ben d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng M\u1ed9t con b\u00e1o puma \u0111ang t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i xu\u1ed1ng ng\u1ed3i v\u1eaft v\u1ebbo tr\u00ean l\u01b0ng con \u201cmadrina\u201d, m\u1ed9t d\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e1 b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi, l\u01b0ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00f3 c\u00fai r\u1ea1p xu\u1ed1ng con ng\u1ef1a c\u00e1i nh\u1ecf th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng m\u00e0 b\u1ea3n n\u0103ng v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t. Nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Darwin \u0111ang \u1edf theo ti\u1ebfng chu\u00f4ng k\u00eau leng keng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 s\u1ebd d\u1eabn d\u1eaft h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u00f3 nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u01b0 con b\u00e1o puma n\u00e0y nh\u1eefng con la v\u00e0 \u0111o\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111\u00e8o m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ecd b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3 \u0111ang c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng nh\u1ea5t. \u0110\u00f4i ch\u00e2n s\u1ea1m c\u0103ng ra v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a con m\u1ed3i n\u1eafng c\u1ee7a Ben \u0111ung \u0111\u01b0a hai b\u00ean th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh con c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. M\u1ed9t b\u1ea7y guanoco nh\u1ecf \u0111ang \u0103n tr\u00ean ng\u1ef1a nh\u1ecf \u0111ang o\u1eb1n xu\u1ed1ng v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ea1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb tro n\u00fai l\u1eeda m\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea7y n\u1eb7ng g\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u1eadu b\u00e9. B\u1ed7ng c\u1ecf n\u1eb1m trong khe n\u00fai, c\u00e1ch b\u1ea7y th\u00fa l\u1edbn v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i nhi\u00ean c\u1eadu nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f4i tai c\u1ee7a con ng\u1ef1a nh\u1ecf m\u1eaft c\u1ea3nh v\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a con \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e0n m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng kh\u00e1 v\u1ec3nh l\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c l\u01b0ng n\u00f3 \u0111ang c\u0103ng ra. xa. Con b\u00e1o puma ch\u1ec9 v\u1eeba c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang kho\u1ea3ng Nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc m\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 b\u1ea5u ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 ch\u1ee5c m\u00e9t th\u00ec n\u00f3 nh\u1ea3y l\u00ean. Con guanoco ngay b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i ch\u1eadm l\u1ea1i. Ben nho\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c, quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i gia nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o b\u1ea7y v\u1ed7 nh\u1eb9 n\u00f3. \u0111\u00e0n ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00f3ng nh\u01b0 bay xu\u1ed1ng thung l\u0169ng ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3i ch\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u201cN\u00e0y ti\u1ec3u th\u01b0, chuy\u1ec7n g\u00ec v\u1eady? \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec l\u00e0m m\u00e0y lo l\u1eafng th\u1ebf h\u1ea3?\u201d 66","b\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ea3y d\u00e0i. Nh\u01b0ng con b\u00e1o puma \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t con guanoco nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n v\u00e0 y\u1ebfu \u1edbt h\u01a1n trong b\u1ea7y. Trong v\u00e0i gi\u00e2y n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1ea3y ch\u1ed3m l\u00ean l\u01b0ng con v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1eadt m\u1ea1nh n\u00f3 xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0m con guanoco b\u1ecb g\u00e3y c\u1ed5. Con b\u00e1o puma kh\u00f4ng l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed th\u1eddi gian. C\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c v\u1edbi l\u0169 k\u00ean k\u00ean \u0111ang l\u1edfn v\u1edfn bay l\u01b0\u1ee3n ph\u00eda tr\u00ean, nh\u1eefng con v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u c\u1ee9 k\u00e9o \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm \u0103n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng s\u0103n m\u1ed3i, n\u00f3 nh\u1ea3y ch\u1ed3m l\u00ean m\u00ecnh con guanoco. N\u00f3 \u0103n no n\u00ea cho d\u00f9 v\u1eeba \u0103n v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i xua \u0111u\u1ed5i b\u1ea7y chim li\u1ec1u l\u0129nh k\u1ef3 qu\u1eb7c r\u1ed3i sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u00f4n gi\u1ea5u ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1eefa \u0103n d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t. \u201cN\u00f3 \u0111ang l\u00e0m g\u00ec v\u1eady?\u201d Ben h\u1ecfi. \u201cN\u00f3 s\u1ebd ch\u00f4n x\u00e1c con v\u1eadt d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ee5i c\u00e2y v\u00e0 n\u1eb1m canh ch\u1eebng \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd n\u00f3 hy v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fat ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i cho ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh,\u201d Darwin m\u1ec9m c\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi. 67","T\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai ph\u00eda b\u1eafc Darwin kh\u00e1m x\u00f4i b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c khai m\u1ecf c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 v\u1ea5t ph\u00e1 ra r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng l\u1edbp \u0111\u00e1 th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9a v\u1ea3. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 m\u1ecf ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho \u0103n \u0111\u1eadu nh\u1eefng m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ed3ng, s\u1eaft, b\u1ea1c v\u00e0 v\u00e0ng. Nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 b\u00e1nh m\u00ec, b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed nh\u01b0 s\u00fac v\u1eadt th\u1ed3 h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 khu m\u1ecf nh\u1ecf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean \u1edf ph\u00eda tr\u00ean cao s\u1ed1ng trong nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i ch\u00f2i tr\u1ed1ng ho\u00e1c, l\u1ea1nh l\u1ebdo, c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fat ti\u1ec7n nghi. C\u00e1c khu m\u1ecf kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u00e0y. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 m\u1ecf Chi-l\u00ea l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c li\u00ean m\u00e1y nh\u1ea5c n\u00ean m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 m\u1ecf ph\u1ea3i khu\u00e2n t\u1ee5c trong ba ng\u00e0y r\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i m\u1ed9t v\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ecf l\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u00ean l\u01b0ng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 th\u0103m gia \u0111\u00ecnh m\u00ecnh \u1edf c\u00e1c l\u00e0ng m\u1ea1c xa c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. T\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng tr\u00ean l\u01b0ng h\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eb7ng 68","h\u01a1n tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ecf \u0111i l\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i thang g\u1ed3 gh\u1ec1 l\u00e0m t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng kh\u00fac c\u00e2y gh\u00e9p l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 m\u1ecf b\u1ecb tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t nghi\u00eam kh\u1eafc n\u1ebfu b\u1ecb b\u1eaft g\u1eb7p l\u1ea5y tr\u1ed9m qu\u1eb7ng v\u00e0ng. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0ng b\u1ecb \u0103n c\u1eafp s\u1ebd tr\u1eeb v\u00e0o ti\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u1ee3 m\u1ecf. V\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4n ngoan n\u00e0y, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i th\u1ee3 m\u1ecf s\u1ebd ch\u00fa \u00fd ki\u1ec3m tra ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea1nh m\u00ecnh. H\u00e0ng \u0111o\u00e0n la th\u1ed3 ch\u1edf qu\u1eb7ng xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 r\u1eeda qu\u1eb7ng. M\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng s\u1ebd cu\u1ed1n \u0111i nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ee5i nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng kim lo\u1ea1i qu\u00fd \u1edf \u0111\u00e1y c\u1ee7a m\u00e1ng r\u1eeda qu\u1eb7ng. 69","Ng\u00e0y 12 th\u00e1ng B\u1ea3y n\u0103m 1835 V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 12 th\u00e1ng B\u1ea3y n\u0103m 1835, ch\u1ec9 hai th\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi chi\u1ebfc Beagle ph\u1ea3i r\u1eddi Nam M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh b\u0103ng qua Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng, Darwin \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i g\u1edfi nh\u1eefng g\u00f3i m\u1eabu v\u1eadt cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Nh\u1eefng g\u00f3i m\u1eabu v\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1edfi \u0111\u1ebfn Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Henslow \u1edf Cambridge v\u00e0 n\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu th\u1eadp t\u1eeb kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n say m\u00ea v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd v\u00e0 mong m\u1ecfi ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebfng th\u0103m Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00fai l\u1eeda Galapagos, v\u00ec c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u1edf v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y. \u201cN\u00e0o! Ta ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng \u1edf ta \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd thu th\u1eadp th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eabu v\u1eadt cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0o b\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta\u201d. \u00d4ng v\u1eeba n\u00f3i v\u1eeba \u0111\u00f3ng n\u1eafp th\u00f9ng g\u1ed7 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng Darwin \u0111\u00e3 sai l\u1ea7m. Nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn. 70","71","72","Ng\u00e0y 15 th\u00e1ng Ch\u00edn n\u0103m 1835 Sau cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh d\u00e0i hai tu\u1ea7n, chi\u1ebfc t\u00e0u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean Beagle \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Galapagos, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t b\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u00fang gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i m\u1ed9t c\u1ee5m g\u1ed3m m\u01b0\u1eddi hai qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u1ecf \u1edf c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u1edf l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9 nh\u01b0ng th\u1eadt b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n Equador ch\u1eebng s\u00e1u tr\u0103m kil\u00f4m\u00e9t. ra l\u1ea1i kh\u00e1 kh\u00e1c nhau. Darwin nh\u01b0 b\u1ecb m\u00ea ho\u1eb7c b\u1edfi D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u1edf v\u00ec b\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i chim ch\u00f3c, c\u00e2y Nam M\u1ef9, Darwin c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng qu\u1ea7n c\u1ecf, s\u00f2 \u1ed1c, c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i b\u00f2 s\u00e1t m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00ean kh\u1ecfi m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n do m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 lo\u00e0i n\u00e0o trong s\u1ed1 ch\u00fang tr\u1eadn phun tr\u00e0o n\u00fai l\u1eeda b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. Nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 n\u00fai l\u1eeda. Nh\u1eefng h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o b\u00e9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian n\u1eefa v\u00ec con t\u00e0u Beagle th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc n\u00f3n nh\u1ecf bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn Tabil ch\u1ec9 trong b\u1ed1n tu\u1ea7n l\u1ec5 n\u1eefa. t\u1ea1o n\u00ean b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp dung nham \u0111en v\u00e0 b\u00e3i M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u nhanh ch\u00f3ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 qu\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3n bao quanh c\u0169ng m\u00e0u \u0111en, c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n r\u1eb1ng b\u1ee9c tranh \u0111\u00f3 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ea3o l\u1edbn h\u01a1n th\u00ec n\u1eb1m \u1edf v\u00f9ng b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 nh\u00f4 l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n n\u1eefa. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00ean th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec9nh cao. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y c\u00e0ng l\u00ean cao l\u00e0 v\u00ec nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i n\u00e0y \u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 bi\u1ebft th\u00ec c\u00e2y c\u1ed1i m\u1ecdc c\u00e0ng t\u01b0\u01a1i t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c h\u01a1n. V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn, m\u00e0 v\u00ec h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 c\u1ee9 m\u1ed7i h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng mi\u1ec7ng n\u00fai l\u1eeda \u0111ang ng\u1ee7 y\u00ean th\u1ec9nh lo\u00e0i ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp v\u00e0 tho\u1ea3ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u1ed3 nh\u1ecf ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc trong su\u1ed1t quan s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd khi \u0111\u00f3 g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. Do nh\u01b0 pha l\u00ea, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00f4i l\u00fac l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng su\u1ed1i \u0111\u00f3, Darwin v\u00e0 Ben \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ea3o James \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn s\u1ee7i b\u1ecdt kh\u00ed trong \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eefng con v\u1eadt kh\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1eabm ch\u00e2n v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng h\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00f9n. h\u00e0nh tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n ch\u00e8o tay nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn Nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh c\u00e2y c\u1ed1i \u0111\u00f3. 73","M\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y n\u1ecd, h\u1ecd vi\u1ebfng th\u0103m \u0111\u1ea3o v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 Chatbam. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng neo \u0111\u1eadu ch\u00fang di chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u1eafc l\u01b0 thuy\u1ec1n nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00e2n tr\u00ean c\u00e1i \u0111u\u00f4i v\u00e0 th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh theo nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong nh\u1eefng t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1 \u0111en, nh\u1ecdn ho\u1eafc th\u00ec kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n ngo\u1eb1n ngh\u00e8o nh\u01b0 r\u1eafn b\u00f2. Ngo\u00e0i ra, ch\u00fang l\u00e0 h\u01a1n v\u00ec h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i di chuy\u1ec3n gi\u1eefa nhung nh\u00fac nh\u1eefng con v\u1eadt sung s\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t, h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n sinh v\u1eadt gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 lo\u00e0i th\u1eb1n l\u1eb1n n\u01a1i m\u00e0 ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebb th\u00f9 b\u1edfi v\u00ec lo\u00e0i v\u1eadt kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3. \u0103n th\u1ecbt ch\u00fang l\u00e0 c\u00e1 m\u1eadp.\u201d \u201cNh\u1eefng con c\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n,\u201d Darwin n\u00f3i, \u201cTa \u201cCh\u00fang l\u00e0m con nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng con kh\u1ee7ng hy v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng hung d\u1eef nh\u01b0 v\u1ebb b\u1ec1 long gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 lo\u00e0i b\u00f2 s\u00e1t kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 m\u00e0 ng\u00e0i ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.\u201d \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 cho con \u1edf Bahia Blanca,\u201d Ben n\u00f3i v\u00e0 h\u1ed3i t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ea7n ch\u1ea1m tr\u00e1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng con \u201cCon v\u1eadt to l\u1edbn g\u1edbm ghi\u1ebfc kia h\u00e3y c\u00fat \u0111i v\u1eadt kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 th\u1eddi ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed. kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u00e2y,\u201d Ben v\u1eeba xu\u1ef5t xu\u1ef5t v\u1eeba gi\u1eadm ch\u00e2n xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t h\u0103m d\u1ecda m\u1ed9t con c\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e0 kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 \u201cTh\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t suy ngh\u0129 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc,\u201d Darwin t\u00e1n \u0111ang n\u1eb1m ph\u01a1i n\u1eafng, ch\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1eadu. Con v\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1edfng. \u201c\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i th\u1eb1n l\u1eb1n bi\u1ec3n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 duy ng\u00f3c \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00ean v\u00e0 nh\u00ecn Ben kh\u00f4ng ch\u1edbp m\u1eaft. N\u00f3 nh\u1ea5t c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng di chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi d\u00e1ng v\u1ebb n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1, gi\u1ed1ng th\u1eb1n l\u1eb1n kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb ch\u1eadm ch\u1ea1p, b\u00f2 l\u00ean nh\u1eefng t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng th\u1eddi xa x\u01b0a.\u201d c\u00e1i ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7y m\u00f3ng vu\u1ed1t. Nh\u1eefng con c\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e0 tr\u00ean c\u1ea1n s\u1ed1ng \u201cCh\u00fang kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea3ng s\u1ee3,\u201d Ben n\u00f3i v\u1edbi v\u1ebb tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o trung t\u00e2m h\u01a1i th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c gi\u1eadm ch\u00e2n \u0111i v\u00e0o b\u00ean c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i \u01b0a th\u00edch trong \u0111\u1ea3o. Th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng c\u1eadu nh\u1ea5c m\u1ed9t con c\u1ef1 nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0 kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nh\u1ea5c \u0111u\u00f4i n\u00f3 l\u00ean cao h\u01a1n \u1edf s\u01b0\u1eddn n\u00fai l\u1eeda. \u1ede hay d\u00f9ng \u1ee7ng l\u1eadt n\u00f3 l\u0103n sang m\u1ed9t b\u00ean. \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang di chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh t\u1eebng \u0111\u00e0n l\u1edbn Darwin c\u0169ng v\u1eeba nh\u1ea5c m\u1ed9t con l\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111ang gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 lo\u00e0i c\u1ef1 xem x\u00e9t n\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn. N\u00f3 n\u1eb1m trong \u0111\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean tay \u00f4ng d\u00e0i h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t m\u00e9t, chi\u1ebfc m\u0169i t\u1eb9t h\u1ebfch b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e1. l\u00ean trong khi c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00f3 c\u1ee9 gi\u1eadt l\u00ean gi\u1eadt xu\u1ed1ng C\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e0 tr\u00ean c\u1ea1n c\u00f3 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb h\u01a1i lo l\u1eafng. To\u00e0n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh n\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf h\u01a1i n\u00e2u \u0111en b\u1ea9n th\u1ec9u, pha l\u1eabn nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1m x\u00e1m v\u00e0 c\u00f3 v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n b\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t d\u00e3y gai nh\u1ecdn m\u1ecdc l\u1edfm ch\u1edfm \u1edf gi\u1eefa s\u1ed1ng m\u00e0u cam v\u00e0ng l\u01b0ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111u\u00f4i. pha tr\u1ed9n v\u1edbi m\u00e0u \u201cN\u00f3 \u0103n g\u00ec nh\u1ec9?\u201d Ben v\u1eeba h\u1ecfi v\u1eeba quan s\u00e1t con c\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e0 \u0111ang kh\u1ecbt kh\u1ecbt m\u0169i trong tay Darwin. \u201cC\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n s\u1ed1ng nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y m\u1ecdc d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n. Con s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 b\u01a1i ra nh\u1eefng b\u00e3i c\u00e1t ng\u1ea7m l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i c\u00f3 th\u1ee9c \u0103n. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tay b\u01a1i c\u1eeb kh\u00f4i. C\u00e1c ch\u00e2n ch\u00fang thu 74","\u0111\u1ea5t b\u00f9n gi\u00fap cho ch\u00fang d\u1ec5 h\u00f2a l\u1eabn v\u00e0o m\u00e0u n\u00e0y, c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea5t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u00fang c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u1eadp Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Galapagos, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i k\u1ebb th\u00f9 qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n. Ch\u00fang di v\u00e0 ch\u00fang \u00edt khi t\u1ecf ra r\u1ee5t r\u00e8 khi \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n con chuy\u1ec3n r\u1ea5t ch\u1eadm b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tr\u01b0\u1eddn t\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1edd ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ch\u00fang chia s\u1ebb b\u1eefa \u0103n b\u1eb1ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ed3ng nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i ch\u00e2n ng\u1eafn c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n b\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 hay l\u00e1 c\u00e2y keo v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng con v\u1eadt gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1i \u0111u\u00f4i k\u00e9o l\u00ea ph\u00eda sau. Ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1eebng r\u00f9a v\u00e0 chim ch\u00f3c, ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00f2 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 \u0103n l\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u1ee7. Khi b\u1ecb \u0111e d\u1ecda, ch\u00fang nh\u1eefng qu\u1ea3 chua c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y guayavita. th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00f2 v\u00e0o hang \u1ea9n n\u00e1u. Nh\u1eefng con v\u1eadt 75","DARWIN_6073 10\/7\/05 3:15 PM Page 72 Darwin n\u00f3ng l\u00f2ng mu\u1ed1n xem th\u1eed c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng con r\u00f9a kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o hay kh\u00f4ng. V\u00ec v\u1eady, m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y n\u1ecd \u00f4ng v\u00e0 Ben \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi. Men theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00f2n b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng l\u00ean ph\u00eda tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3i, ch\u1eb3ng m\u1ea5y ch\u1ed1c h\u1ecd b\u1eaft g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t con r\u00f9a \u0111\u1ef1c kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 \u0111ang ch\u1eadm ch\u1ea1p b\u00f2 tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u1ed5 n\u00f3 gi\u01b0\u01a1ng ra nh\u01b0 v\u1eeba m\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean nh\u1eb1m d\u1eadp t\u1eaft c\u01a1n kh\u00e1t trong cu\u1ed1ng h\u1ecdng. Darwin v\u00e0 c\u1eadu b\u00e9 theo sau con v\u1eadt t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t, h\u1ecd sung s\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i ch\u1eadm l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u00fac v\u00e0 di chuy\u1ec3n v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u00f9a b\u00f2. \u201cN\u00f3 m\u1edbi t\u1eeb xa \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng ng\u00e0i?\u201d, Ben h\u1ecfi. \u201cKho\u1ea3ng m\u01b0\u1eddi kil\u00f4m\u00e9t, ta ngh\u0129 th\u1ebf. Con c\u00f3 nh\u1edb mi\u1ec7ng n\u00fai l\u1eeda kh\u00f4 ran m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta m\u1edbi \u0111i qua kh\u00f4ng? Ta ngh\u0129 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u con r\u00f9a \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng \u1edf v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 b\u1ecdn ch\u00fang \u0111ang d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n di chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng tr\u00ean cao xanh t\u1ed1t, m\u00e0u m\u1ee1 h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ec3 sung s\u1ee9c h\u01a1n v\u00e0o m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n.\u201d M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 h\u1ecd g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 \u0111ang gi\u1eabm l\u00ean \u0111u\u00f4i c\u1ee7a con v\u1eadt nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 \u0111ang b\u1ecb d\u00f5i theo sau. \u201cQu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con v\u1eadt x\u1ea5u x\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u1ee9ng ch\u1eafc,\u201d Ben ng\u1eabm ngh\u0129, \u201cNh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con v\u1eadt l\u1ecbch l\u00e3m v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7.\u201d \u201cNh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o tin r\u1eb1ng l\u0169 r\u00f9a n\u00e0y \u0111i\u1ebfc \u0111\u1eb7c,\u201d Darwin n\u00f3i, \u201cv\u00e0 ta c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi h\u1ecd, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7. Con h\u00e3y \u0111i t\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat v\u00e0 con s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec1u ta mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i\u201d. Ben k\u00e9o con r\u00f9a v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i li\u1ec1u l\u0129nh gi\u1eadm ch\u00e2n l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00f3. Ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c con v\u1eadt ph\u00ec h\u01a1i m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 r\u1ee5t \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n v\u00e0o b\u00ean trong chi\u1ebfc mai r\u1ed3i l\u0103n k\u1ec1nh ra \u0111\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7. \u201cTh\u1eadt l\u00e0 k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1!\u201d Ben v\u1eeba n\u00f3i v\u1eeba qu\u1ef3 xu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 quan s\u00e1t c\u00e1i mai r\u00f9a. \u201c\u0110\u1ea5y qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o gi\u00e1p th\u1eadt s\u1ef1. Theo Ng\u00e0i, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd n\u1eb1m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady trong bao l\u00e2u?\u201d \u201cCh\u00fang ta s\u1ebd l\u1eadt n\u00f3 \u00fap n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i,\u201d Darwin c\u01b0\u1eddi. \u201cCon h\u00e3y tr\u00e8o l\u00ean ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean m\u00ecnh n\u00f3. C\u1ea9n th\u1eadn nh\u00e9! N\u00f3 r\u1ea5t tr\u01a1n v\u00e0 con kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1m v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u1ea5y.\u201d 76","Khi Ben \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1ed3i gi\u1ea1ng ch\u00e2n ra v\u1eefng ch\u00e3i tr\u00ean m\u00ecnh con r\u00f9a, Darwin khom ng\u01b0\u1eddi xu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 v\u1ed7 m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o mai n\u00f3. Con r\u00f9a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 lo\u00e0i gia s\u00fac chuy\u00ean ch\u1edf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n: n\u00f3 ng\u00f3c \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00ean v\u00e0 di chuy\u1ec3n nhanh h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc mang theo v\u1ecb h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch tr\u00ean l\u01b0ng. \u0110\u00e2y th\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u00ean r\u1ed3 v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t an n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 c\u1ee9 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong ch\u1ed1c l\u00e1t Ben \u0111\u00e3 tr\u01b0\u1ee3t ng\u00e3 v\u00e0 l\u0103n ra \u0111\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i con \u201cchi\u1ebfn m\u00e3\u201d c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh b\u00ecnh th\u1ea3n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh. Hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ed9i v\u00e3 \u0111i v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng m\u1ea5y ch\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i quang \u0111\u00e3ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng su\u1ed1i. Tho\u1ea1t nh\u00ecn c\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u01b0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u01b0 d\u00e2n r\u00f9a tr\u00ean h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1eadp trung \u1edf \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i con \u0111ang g\u1eb7m nh\u1eefng t\u00e1n l\u00e1 x\u00f2e ra, nh\u1eefng ch\u00f9m qu\u1ea3 m\u1ecdng hay nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ecba y, c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng con kh\u00e1c th\u00ec \u0111ang nh\u1edfn nh\u01a1 \u0111\u1ea7m m\u00ecnh trong b\u00f9n hay \u0111ang h\u00fat nh\u1eefng ng\u1ee5m n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00e8m kh\u00e1t. \u201cNg\u00e0i xem con n\u00e0y k\u00eca,\u201d Ben v\u1eeba n\u00f3i v\u1eeba tr\u1ecf v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t con v\u1eadt kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 \u1edf g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3. \u201c\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con r\u00f9a \u0111\u1ef1c gi\u00e0,\u201d Darwin gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch. \u201cCh\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ebft c\u1ee1. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n con c\u00e1i. Nh\u01b0ng con c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1i \u0111u\u00f4i d\u00e0i h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Con n\u00e0y h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i n\u1eb7ng \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00edn m\u01b0\u01a1i k\u00fd v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1ea5c n\u00f3 l\u00ean.\u201d 77","78","C\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn c\u1eadn c\u1ea3nh nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt tr\u00ean Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Galapagos hay \u0111\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp nh\u1eefng m\u1eabu v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i lo\u00e0i b\u1edfi v\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng r\u1ee5t r\u00e8 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean. R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 c\u01b0 ng\u1ee5 t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian r\u1ea5t d\u00e0i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 ch\u1ecbu m\u1ed1i \u0111e do\u1ea1 n\u00e0o t\u1eeb b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt s\u0103n m\u1ed3i hay t\u1eeb con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 bi\u1ebft s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i. K\u1ebb th\u00f9 duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i s\u0103n c\u00e1 m\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9 th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng gh\u00e9 l\u1ea1i qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y. H\u1ecd ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c t\u00e0n s\u00e1t quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi lo\u00e0i r\u00f9a kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 b\u1edfi v\u00ec th\u1ecbt c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang r\u1ea5t ngon khi n\u1ea5u trong mai c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Nh\u1eefng con v\u1eadt t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 k\u00e9m c\u1ecfi n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft r\u1ee5t \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o mai v\u00e0 n\u1eb1m l\u1eadt ng\u1eeda l\u1ea1i. Ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng con chim c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 bi\u1ebft s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i. Ch\u00fang s\u00e0 xu\u1ed1ng c\u00e1nh tay dang r\u1ed9ng ra c\u1ee7a Darwin hay \u0111\u1eadu tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u Ben nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1eadu thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 t\u00e0u Beagle \u0111\u1ee9ng xung quanh \u0111ang d\u00f9ng g\u1eady g\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eadp ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 gi\u1ebft th\u1ecbt ch\u00fang. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u1edf tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o Charles, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n \u0111ang sinh s\u1ed1ng, tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt v\u00e0 s\u0103n b\u1eafn, l\u0169 chim c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fat c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c. Darwin t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn bao gi\u1edd b\u1ea3n n\u0103ng tin c\u1eady n\u00e0y m\u1edbi m\u1ea5t \u0111i v\u00e0 l\u0169 chim m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft bay v\u00fat l\u00ean kh\u00f4ng trung \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea9n tr\u1ed1n nh\u01b0 \u1edf qu\u00ea \u00f4ng. 79","C\u0169ng may cho Darwin l\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 tr\u00ean ti\u1ebfng r\u00edu r\u00edt ch\u1eb3ng \u00eam tai ch\u00fat n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. t\u00e0u Beagle \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 \u00f4ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 gi\u1ed1ng nhau c\u00f3 th\u1ebf. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ea1i qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Galapagos, b\u1edfi v\u00ec th\u1eddi gian \u00f4ng con c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 l\u00f4ng m\u00e0u \u0111en trong khi nh\u1eefng con l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 qu\u00e1 ng\u1eafn. V\u00ec v\u1eady, gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y h\u1ecd \u0111ang kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 m\u00e0u xanh l\u1ee5c nh\u1ea1t. C\u00f3 con s\u1edf h\u1eefu b\u1eadn b\u1ecbu t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p h\u00e0ng t\u00e1 m\u1eabu v\u1eadt t\u1eeb kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfc m\u1ecf d\u00e0y v\u00e0 kh\u1ecfe c\u00f2n s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c th\u00ec m\u1ecf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y. Khi \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n nh\u1ecdn v\u00e0 thanh g\u1ecdn h\u01a1n. Con l\u00e0m t\u1ed5 tr\u00ean c\u00e2y, lo\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1ng l\u1edbn chim s\u1ebb \u0111ang n\u1eb1m la li\u1ec7t tr\u00ean con l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m t\u1ed5 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc boong t\u00e0u, \u00f4ng ch\u1ee3t nh\u1eadn ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e1 tua t\u1ee7a gai nh\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y x\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ed3ng. r\u1ea5t \u0111ang quan t\u00e2m gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng con chim \u1edf \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng con \u1edf \u0111\u1ea3o kh\u00e1c. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang H\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng chi\u1ebfc m\u1ecf cho th\u1ea5y r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i gi\u1ed1ng nhau, v\u00e0 lo\u00e0i chim n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0103n. Nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc m\u1ecf ch\u1eafc, \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111u\u00f4i ng\u1eafn. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi lo\u00e0i kh\u1ecfe d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1eb9p v\u1ee1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 v\u1ecf c\u1ee9ng chim n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u x\u00e2y t\u1ed5 c\u00f3 m\u00e1i v\u00f2m, \u0111\u1ebb b\u1ed1n tr\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng nh\u1ecf, nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc m\u1ecf nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n th\u00ec m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5m h\u1ed3ng. Darwin d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eb7t nh\u1ea1nh c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng. Chim s\u1ebb th\u1eadm nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng v\u00e0 Ben c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng nghe ch\u00ed c\u00f2n d\u00f9ng gai x\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00f4i c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng ra kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c h\u1ed1c c\u00e2y. M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i lo\u00e0i chim s\u1ebb c\u00f3 m\u1ecf r\u1ed9ng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0103n tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y v\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 m\u1ecf h\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0103n hoa v\u00e0 l\u00e1. Darwin c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u00fang t\u00fang khi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ed1n lo\u00e0i chim s\u1ebb tr\u00ean Qu\u1ea7n Galapagos n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb lo\u00e0i chim s\u1ebb \u0103n h\u1ea1t s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t \u1edf ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9. Sau khi bay xa kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 tr\u00ean qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1edbi, nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu du\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i chim n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh. Tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 v\u1ecf c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng nh\u1ecf r\u1ea5t phong ph\u00fa, nh\u1eefng con chim s\u1ebb h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00fat n\u00e0o. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi lo\u00e0i chim \u0103n hoa qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng th\u00ec ch\u00fang bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00edch nghi, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3i... 80","M\u1ecf chim s\u1ebb s\u1ed1ng M\u1ecf chim ch\u00edch tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t Chim s\u1ebb l\u1edbn s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t Chim s\u1ebb \u0103n th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt Chim g\u00f5 ki\u1ebfn Chim s\u1ebb s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1ecf nh\u1ecdn Chim s\u1ebb nh\u1ecf \u0103n c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng Chim ch\u00edch Chim s\u1ebb \u0103n x\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ed3ng 81","82","Ben h\u1ecfi: \u201cV\u1eady l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u con chim s\u1ebb \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 da v\u00e0 c\u00e1c con th\u00fa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ed3i b\u00f4ng, b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3i? \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng con kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1eefng con c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghim trong c\u00e1c h\u1ed9p, \u0111\u1ee7 nhanh \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ecbp th\u00edch nghi v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1ecf ngh\u00eau s\u00f2 \u1ed1c h\u1ebfn, nh\u1eefng m\u1eabu v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee9c \u0103n th\u00edch h\u1ee3p?\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e2m \u01b0\u1edbp trong c\u00e1c chai l\u1ecd, nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 l\u00f4ng chim, nh\u1eefng m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 trang \u201c\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt l\u00e0 kh\u00f3 n\u00f3i,\u201d Darwin b\u1ea3o. gi\u1ea5y ghi ch\u00fa ngu\u1ec7ch ngo\u1ea1c. \u201cD\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft lo\u00e0i v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1u sinh s\u1ea3n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u con c\u00e1i, sao cho c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o \u201cCh\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u00f9ng m\u1eabu v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c t\u1ed1t thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1edfi \u0111\u1ebfn cho Ng\u00e0i Henslow,\u201d Ben v\u1eeba nh\u1eefng con c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i th\u00ec s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1eeba quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed1ng m\u1eabu v\u1eadt b\u1ec1 b\u1ed9n. sinh t\u1ed3n. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng con n\u00e0o c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 con c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch nghi t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.\u201d \u201cKh\u00f4ng, h\u00e3y ch\u1edd m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian n\u1eefa,\u201d Darwin thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c. \u201cR\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng \u201cCh\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady m\u00e0 con r\u1eadn c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng gi\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 sau s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng n\u1eefa, v\u00e0 ta kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 con b\u1ecd c\u1ea1p v\u00e0 con b\u1ecd hung tr\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t mu\u1ed1n nh\u1eefng m\u1eabu v\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nguy th\u1ee9 tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i,\u201d Ben ng\u1eaft l\u1eddi. \u201cV\u00e0 c\u01a1 b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t hay b\u1ecb chuy\u1ec3n giao tr\u1ec5. V\u1eeba qua con nh\u01b0 Ng\u00e0i th\u1ea5y, con b\u1ea1ch tu\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c r\u1ea5t ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9 Ben \u1ea1, v\u00e0 ta lu\u00f4n c\u1ea3m s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb s\u0103n m\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecf qua\u201d. \u01a1n con \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ta. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac con c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i. Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a \u201c\u0110\u00fang v\u1eady! V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3t ch\u00fang, khi ch\u00fang \u1ea5p chi\u1ebfc Beagle \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb tr\u1ee9ng, nh\u1eefng con b\u1ea1ch tu\u1ed9t con n\u00e0o bi\u1ebft ngu\u1ef5 vi\u1ec7c d\u00e0nh ch\u00fat th\u1eddi gian \u0111i d\u1ea1o ch\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00f3, trang gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 cha m\u1eb9 ch\u00fang hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a ta c\u0169ng g\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t. L\u00fac l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n s\u1ebd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng con c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i n\u00e0y ch\u00fang ta v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t. C\u1ee9 d\u1ea7n d\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i s\u1ebd ng\u00e0y c\u00e1ch thu\u1eadn bu\u1ed3m xu\u00f4i gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb9p, c\u00e0ng th\u00edch nghi t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i.\u201d n\u1eafng r\u00e1o. Ta \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb con h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ec3 ta ng\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i trong c\u0103n ph\u00f2ng nh\u1ecf t\u00f9 t\u00fang n\u00e0y v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u201cV\u00e0 ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng con voi mastodon vi\u1ebft l\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a ta, c\u00f2n con h\u00e3y tr\u00e8o l\u00ean c\u1ed9t bu\u1ed3m v\u00e0 megatherium t\u1ed9i nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng,.\u201d v\u1edbi t\u1eadp v\u1edf v\u1ebd ph\u00e1c th\u1ea3o. Con bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea5y, ta s\u1ebd Ben ch\u1ee3t nh\u1edb ra. c\u1ea3m \u01a1n con v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c v\u1ebd m\u00e0 con c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a ta.\u201d \u201c\u1eeb. Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 k\u1ecbp th\u00edch nghi khi nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i s\u0103n m\u1ed3i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 hung d\u1eef xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n.\u201d Darwin \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u00fang. C\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef3 ngh\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em l\u1ea1i sinh kh\u00ed cho th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1ee7a M\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa, ph\u1ea7n \u0111u\u00f4i t\u00e0u l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7y con t\u00e0u Beagle v\u00e0 xua tan n\u1ed7i nh\u1edb nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd khi c\u00f2n t\u00e0u t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u1edbng Tahiti tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0. 83","Ng\u00e0y 15 th\u00e1ng M\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ed9t n\u0103m 1835 H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn Tahiti v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 15 th\u00e1ng M\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ed9t n\u0103m 1835 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3n n\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec7t. H\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c chi\u1ebfc can\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e8o l\u00e1i b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee1ng, r\u00e1m n\u1eafng \u0111\u00e3 ra t\u1eadn n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fac m\u1eebng h\u1ecd, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf tr\u00ean b\u1edd m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1edbn g\u1ed3m \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng, ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef v\u00e0 tr\u1ebb em c\u0169ng \u0111ang ra s\u1ee9c v\u1eaby tay, hoan ngh\u00eanh h\u1ecd. Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 m\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc x\u00e0-r\u00f4ng m\u00e0u s\u1eafc r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3a hoa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xuy\u00ean qua tai v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng v\u00f2ng hoa t\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng l\u00e1 d\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee1 ch\u00f3i n\u1eafng. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u s\u0103n ch\u1eafc, cao l\u1edbn v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee1ng. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn nh\u1eefng mi\u1ebfng v\u1ea3i tr\u1eafng l\u1eadn v\u00e0o trong x\u00e0-r\u00f4ng trong khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh x\u0103m hoa v\u0103n tr\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi, b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n hay b\u00e0n tay. D\u00e2n l\u00e0ng x\u00e2y nh\u00e0 tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng d\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea5t h\u1eb9p c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n th\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c che ch\u1edf b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng n\u1ecdn n\u00fai cao \u0111\u1eb1ng sau v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng r\u1eb7ng san h\u00f4 \u1edf ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc. B\u00ean trong r\u1eb7ng san h\u00f4, m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea1n ph\u1eb3ng l\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng b\u1eaft c\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi hay ng\u1ecdn m\u00e1c. Tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n, m\u1ed7i m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ee7 lo\u1ea1i rau qu\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi nh\u01b0 chu\u1ed1i, cam, khoai t\u1eeb, khoai lang, m\u00eda v\u00e0 d\u1ee9a. Trong m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0o b\u00ean trong nh\u1eefng ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai, Darwin v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i. H\u1ecd b\u1eaft c\u00e1 trong ao, h\u00e1i qu\u1ea3 tr\u00ean c\u00e2y, d\u1ef1ng l\u1ec1u tr\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e2y tre v\u00e0 l\u00e1 chu\u1ed1i, v\u00e0 u\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng su\u1ed1i trong khe n\u00fai. Darwin v\u00e0 Ben th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Tahiti \u0111\u1ec3 mua nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i t\u00f4m, c\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9 ch\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3n h\u1ecd b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef ti\u1ebfng Anh m\u00e0 h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ed1ng \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. Nhi\u1ec1u gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chung s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi nhau trong m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i ch\u00f2i l\u1edbn b\u1eb1ng g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 tho\u00e1ng gi\u00f3, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 khung b\u1eb1ng g\u1ed7 nh\u1eb9 h\u00ecnh v\u00f2ng cung t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng c\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5 m\u1ea3nh kh\u1ea3nh. M\u1ed9t m\u00e1i che b\u1eb1ng l\u00e1 c\u1ecd s\u1ebd gi\u00fap gi\u1eef cho nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 b\u00ean trong ch\u00f2i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e1t m\u1ebb. M\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1ecd, h\u1ecd gia nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t t\u1ed1p tr\u1ebb con t\u1ee5 t\u1eadp chung quanh m\u1ed9t ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda tr\u00ean b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n. B\u00ean ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda lung linh, h\u1ecd h\u00e1t \u0111i h\u00e1t l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec7p kh\u00fac v\u00e0 xua tan b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00eam tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n. 84","85","Ng\u00e0y 18 th\u00e1ng M\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ed9t n\u0103m 1835 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng m\u00e1i ch\u00e8o b\u1eb1ng g\u1ed7 \u0111ang ch\u00e8o h\u1ebft t\u1ed1c l\u1ef1c. Cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 con t\u00e0u \u0111ang neo \u0111\u1eadu xa xa b\u00ean trong v\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ebfn D\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ban ng\u00e0y r\u1eb7ng san h\u00f4 nh\u00ecn \u0111i \u0111\u1ea7y nguy hi\u1ec3m. D\u00f9 m\u1eb7t tr\u0103ng \u0111ang t\u1ecfa s\u00e1ng kh\u00e1c h\u1eb3n. Khi th\u1ee7y tri\u1ec1u xu\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5p, r\u1eb7ng san m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e8o thuy\u1ec1n b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9 h\u00f4 l\u1ed9 ra nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ed7 c\u00f3 ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebf r\u1ea5t v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh v\u00e0 v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng, chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecdi l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i t\u00f4m, cua, s\u00f2, c\u1ee9 tr\u00f2ng tr\u00e0nh h\u1ebft sang ph\u1ea3i r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i sang tr\u00e1i. \u1ed1c l\u00ec l\u1ee3m v\u00e0 gai g\u00f3c m\u00e0 Darwin v\u00e0 Ben \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Darwin d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng eo bi\u1ec3n \u0111i h\u00e0nh thu th\u1eadp m\u1eabu v\u1eadt. Darwin gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1eb1ng xuy\u00ean qua r\u1eb7ng san h\u00f4 ch\u1eb3ng theo m\u1ed9t quy m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 san h\u00f4 tr\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e1 lu\u1eadt n\u00e0o c\u1ea3 v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t ch\u1eadt h\u1eb9p. T\u1eebng gi\u00e2y t\u1eebng ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea7n b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u00e2n san h\u00f4 th\u1ef1c ph\u00fat \u00f4ng mong m\u1ecfi nghe th\u1ea5y ti\u1ebfng khua vang ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o n\u00ean t\u1eeb san h\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft, nh\u01b0ng tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 b\u00ean r\u00eca san h\u00f4 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng con polyp1. *** \u20091 Polyp: m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u01a1n b\u00e0o (ND) 86","\u201cCon h\u00e3y h\u00ecnh dung con polyp \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a con polyp, t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ee9c \u0103n b\u1ecb ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. Ch\u00fang t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y d\u00f2ng h\u00f3a. M\u1ed9t con polyp kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh s\u1ebd sinh s\u1ea3n n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea5m \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 hai m\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2m ch\u1ed3i nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3 \u0111ang m\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n. Khi th\u1ee7y tri\u1ec1u xu\u1ed1ng, n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea1n \u0111i c\u00e1i th\u00e2n kh\u00e1c \u1edf th\u00e0nh b\u00ean h\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. San h\u00f4 cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh b\u1edfi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e2m ch\u1ed3i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c chi\u1ebfu r\u1ecdi xu\u1ed1ng. V\u00ec v\u1eady, n\u00f3 ti\u1ebft ra m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 sinh ra m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 c\u00e1c con polyp, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 calcium carbonate hay \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang g\u1eafn v\u1edbi nhau l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t r\u1eb7ng n\u00f3 b\u1ecb d\u00ednh ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1 c\u1ee9ng trong san h\u00f4 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng. V\u00e0 r\u1ed3i n\u00f3 ti\u1ebft ra nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ph\u1ee7 l\u00ean \u201cM\u00e0u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang th\u1eadt \u0111\u1eb9p,\u201d Ben n\u00f3i v\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. N\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 ch\u1eeba l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 h\u1edf nh\u1ecf \u0111\u00f4i m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ecda s\u0129 khi c\u1eadu \u0111\u1eadp v\u1ee1 nh\u1eefng \u1edf tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i mi\u1ec7ng. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1nh m\u1eabu san h\u00f4 nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 v\u1ee1 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u h\u1ed3ng, tr\u1eafng, s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi hay khi th\u1ee7y tri\u1ec1u xu\u1ed1ng n\u00f3 n\u1eb1m hoa c\u00e0 v\u00e0 v\u00e0ng. y\u00ean b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0ng v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam nh\u1eefng x\u00fac tu c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u01b0\u01a1n ra d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 \u201cV\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb9p,\u201d l\u00e0m t\u00ea li\u1ec7t v\u00e0 b\u1eaft nh\u1eefng con m\u1ed3i \u0111i ngang qua. Darwin n\u00f3i. \u201cCon s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111a s\u1ed1 Nh\u1eefng x\u00fac tu k\u00e9o th\u1ee9c \u0103n v\u00e0o mi\u1ec7ng r\u1ed3i v\u00e0o c\u00e1c r\u1eb7ng san h\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng g\u1ea1c nai n\u00e0y nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u1ee5m san h\u00f4 nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c.\u201d 87","88 NP\u1eefomhoor\u00e0eng","Chim Moa 89","Ng\u00e0y 11 th\u00e1ng M\u1ed9t n\u0103m 1836 T\u1eeb New Zealand \u0111\u1ebfn Sydney \u1edf Australia ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh ng\u1eafn ng\u1ee7i. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ra \u0111\u1eddi t\u1eeb con s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng trong ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t l\u00fd do r\u1ea5t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o: n\u00f3 l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1m ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ebfn t\u00e0u ch\u1edf c\u00e1c t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb \u00e1n ph\u1ea1t l\u01b0u \u0111\u00e0y t\u1eeb Anh Qu\u1ed1c sang Australia. Nh\u1eefng t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 gi\u00fap nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7 trang tr\u1ea1i v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng gia tr\u1edf n\u00ean gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed3 h\u00f4i n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. M\u1ed9t khi t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n t\u00f9, anh ta c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 do mua \u0111\u1ea5t hay nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng cho ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh. Theo Darwin, Sydney d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i dung t\u00fang cho th\u00f3i tham lam v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u01a1ng. V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u00f4ng t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3i n\u00fai v\u00e0 thung l\u0169ng xanh t\u01b0\u01a1i c\u1ee7a d\u00e3y n\u00fai Blue Mountains \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ebfng th\u0103m m\u1ed9t trang tr\u1ea1i nu\u00f4i c\u1eebu l\u1edbn t\u00ean g\u1ecdi Walerawang. Khu \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ea3i ra \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ed3i nh\u1ea5p nh\u00f4 m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i, th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng m\u1ecdc l\u00ean m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i c\u00e2y b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0n b\u1ecb u\u1ed1n v\u1eb7n hay m\u1ed9t g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y ch\u00e1y n\u1eafng. M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i lo\u00e0i chim ch\u00f3c hay \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng lai v\u00e3ng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng mi\u1ec1n qu\u00ea tho\u00e1ng \u0111\u00e3ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c s\u0103n b\u1eafn th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng con ch\u00f3 s\u0103n gi\u1ed1ng Anh Qu\u1ed1c qu\u00e1 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 xua \u0111u\u1ed5i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng con kanguru v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3u sa m\u1ea1c \u0111i m\u1ea5t. Th\u1eadt 90","v\u1eady, ngo\u00e0i m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i con v\u1eb9t xinh \u0111\u1eb9p hay nh\u1eefng \u201cCon kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng con r\u1ea5t nh\u1edb nh\u00e0,\u201d con v\u1eb9t c\u00f3 m\u00e0o m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng, Darwin kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y Ben n\u00f3i, \u201cB\u1edfi v\u00ec con kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng con th\u00fa m\u1ecf v\u1ecbt \u0111ang v\u1ec1. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n con n\u00ean \u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1edfn nh\u01a1 l\u1eb7n ng\u1ee5p b\u00ean b\u1edd s\u00f4ng. D\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 tr\u1ea1i nu\u00f4i c\u1eebu gi\u00e0u c\u00f3.\u201d nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n da tr\u1eafng \u0111\u00e3 xua \u0111u\u1ed5i kh\u1ecfi v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y m\u1ecdi sinh v\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 \u201cB\u1eady n\u00e0o!\u201d Darwin m\u1eafng. \u201cCon c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ed5 d\u00e2n r\u1ea5t v\u00f4 t\u01b0 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 tr\u00ean t\u00e0u Beagle ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i m\u00f3n qu\u00e0 r\u1ebb ti\u1ec1n, m\u1ed9t thuy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng FitzRoy v\u00e0 m\u00ecnh ta. Ch\u00fang ta \u00edt s\u1eefa v\u00e0 th\u1ecbt, hay \u0111\u00f4i l\u00fac l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con ch\u00f3 s\u0103n. \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi nhau v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m Darwin c\u00e0ng th\u00eam c\u1ee7a con, Ben \u1ea1. V\u00e0 ta h\u1ee9a v\u1edbi con r\u1eb1ng ta s\u1ebd t\u00ecm \u00e1y n\u00e1y khi tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng, tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho con m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng khi ch\u00fang ta cha th\u00e2n y\u00eau \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Anh Qu\u1ed1c.\u201d c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ecb em g\u00e1i m\u00ecnh (nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean g\u1edfi cho \u00f4ng nh\u1eefng l\u00e1 Nh\u01b0ng gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y, b\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u mong th\u01b0 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o tin t\u1ee9c gia \u0111\u00ecnh), v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi Emma m\u1ecfi th\u1eddi gian qua nhanh n\u00ean ng\u00e0y th\u00e1ng Wedgwood (c\u00f4 em h\u1ecd m\u00e0 \u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 ch\u1eadm l\u1ea1i cho d\u00f9 h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 \u0111ang th\u1ef1c r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t). hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ebfn th\u0103m vi\u1ebfng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c g\u00ec m\u1ed9t k\u1ef3 ngh\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1. 91","Ng\u00e0y 6 th\u00e1ng Ba n\u0103m 1836 \u0111\u00e3 tham d\u1ef1 nhi\u1ec1u bu\u1ed5i nh\u1ea3y m\u00faa v\u00e0 ca h\u00e1t do nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9 M\u00e3-lai tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 6 th\u00e1ng Ba n\u0103m 1836, chi\u1ebfc t\u00e0u Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ebfn Darwin Beagle \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng t\u00e2y nam c\u1ee7a Australia quan t\u00e2m. Tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o xa x\u00f4i n\u00e0y v\u00e0 th\u1ea3 neo \u1edf v\u1ecbnh King George Sound. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9c \u0103n. V\u00ec th\u1ebf con ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn xem nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ed5 d\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n nh\u1eefng v\u0169 \u0111i\u1ec7u b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9. m\u00ecnh sao cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9c \u0103n s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n huy\u00ean n\u00e1o, trong \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea3i trang th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u00e0 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110i\u1ec1u k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 nh\u1ea5t trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i \u0111i\u1ec3u sa m\u1ea1c v\u00e0 kanguru trong khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ed1c d\u1eeba kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u1eb7p c\u00e0ng kh\u1ecfe \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i kh\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u1edd d\u00f9ng gi\u00e1o m\u00e1c \u0111\u00e2m ch\u00fang. Nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e9 r\u00e1ch v\u1ecf qu\u1ea3 d\u1eeba, b\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f4i n\u00f3 ra v\u0169 c\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1eb7c qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o nh\u01b0ng tr\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch b\u1ea5u v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7 m\u1ec1m tr\u00ean g\u00e1o d\u1eeba, h\u1ecd s\u01a1n nh\u1eefng v\u1eb1n l\u1edbn m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ed3i moi h\u1ebft ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1m d\u1eeba b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p c\u00e0ng tay c\u1ea7m nh\u1eefng ng\u1ecdn \u0111u\u1ed1c \u0111ang r\u1ef1c ch\u00e1y. Tr\u00ean nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9 c\u0169ng c\u1ea3nh Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Cocos \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 D\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i trai kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111eo b\u00e1m quanh ch\u00e2n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i b\u01a1i v\u00e0 gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t h\u1ecd cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi h\u1ecd b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft \u0111u\u1ed1i. H\u1ecd c\u00f2n ch\u1ec9 cho Darwin xem lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 \u0103n san h\u00f4 v\u00e0 lo\u00e0i ch\u00f3 bi\u1ebft l\u1eb7n xu\u1ed1ng bi\u1ec3n b\u1eaft c\u00e1, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng con chu\u1ed9t l\u00e0m t\u1ed5 tr\u00ean ng\u1ecdn c\u00e2y c\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n. V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng T\u01b0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn Mauritius, m\u1ed9t h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o g\u1ea7n Madagascar v\u00e0 b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n ch\u00e2u Phi - ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 h\u00e3y c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t hoang s\u01a1. Darwin l\u00e0 v\u1ecb kh\u00e1ch danh d\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Ch\u00e1nh Thanh tra c\u1ee7a h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o. Th\u1ef1c v\u1eady, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vinh d\u1ef1 ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean l\u01b0ng con voi c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 t\u00e0u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh... 92","93","94","Ng\u00e0y 3 th\u00e1ng S\u00e1u n\u0103m 1836 Nh\u01b0ng gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y, h\u1ecd \u0111ang \u0111i v\u00f2ng quanh M\u0169i H\u1ea3o V\u1ecdng v\u00e0 th\u00fac con t\u00e0u Beagle ch\u1ea1y h\u1ebft t\u1ed1c l\u1ef1c, n\u00f3ng l\u00f2ng quay tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0. Kh\u00f4ng may l\u00e0 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec7n l\u00e0m cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh b\u1ecb tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n. Thuy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng FitzRoy do kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tin t\u1ee9c \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 v\u00f9ng duy\u00ean h\u1ea3i n\u00e0y khi cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh cho t\u00e0u quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i T\u00e2y D\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111i v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda Brazil \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u00f3ng v\u00e1nh. \u00d4i! M\u1ed7i ph\u00fat tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u00e0i l\u00ea th\u00ea! Sau 5 n\u0103m d\u00e0i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng, ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft bao nhi\u00eau \u0111\u1ee3t say s\u00f3ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i giam m\u00ecnh trong c\u0103n ph\u00f2ng ch\u1eadt h\u1eb9p tr\u00ean t\u00e0u c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi thuy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng hay nh\u1eefng s\u0129 quan c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta, \u00fd ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111i d\u1ea1o d\u00e0i ng\u00e0y l\u00ean nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3i n\u00fai Shropshire, \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e1t ng\u00e1t xanh r\u1eddn v\u00e0 nghe ti\u1ebfng chim h\u00f3t trong tr\u1ebbo \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho Darwin m\u1ea5t h\u1ebft ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn. \u201cTa t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ta \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u0103ng?\u201d \u00d4ng suy ngh\u0129. \u201cLi\u1ec7u ta c\u00f3 s\u1ed1ng h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecb g\u00e1i v\u1eeba m\u1edbi l\u1eadp gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u00e1u nh\u1ecf? Ta t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft h\u1ecd c\u00f3 cho ta l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi bu\u1ed3n t\u1ebb, ch\u1eadm ch\u1ea1p, su\u1ed1t ng\u00e0y mi\u1ec7t m\u00e0i b\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1eabu v\u1eadt v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ghi ch\u00e9p v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a ta hay kh\u00f4ng? V\u00e0 li\u1ec7u r\u1eb1ng cha ta c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ta hay kh\u00f4ng b\u1edfi v\u00ec ta d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd theo \u0111u\u1ed5i s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ta \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ta \u0111\u00e3 quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? \u00d4i! Gi\u00e1 nh\u01b0 ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o kho t\u00e0ng tri th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean th\u00ec sung s\u01b0\u1edbng bi\u1ebft bao.\u201d 95","Ng\u00e0y 2 th\u00e1ng M\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m 1836 \u201cCon s\u1ebd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u01b0?\u201d Ben h\u00e1 h\u1ed1c mi\u1ec7ng kinh ng\u1ea1c. \u201cV\u00e0 l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 Nh\u01b0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean Darwin c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u00f3n n\u1ee3 nh\u01b0 thuy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1eef trong c\u0103n ph\u00f2ng v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng h\u1eefu m\u00e0 \u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3. kh\u00f3a ch\u1eb7t \u01b0?\u201d Ben v\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng nhau tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c phi\u00eau l\u01b0u m\u1ea1o hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 \u201cD\u0129 nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu con mu\u1ed1n th\u1ebf.\u201d Darwin cam th\u00e2n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a nhau. Tr\u1ea3i qua cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh \u0111oan v\u1edbi c\u1eadu. \u201cNg\u00e0i Bartholomew r\u1ea5t quan t\u00e2m n\u00e0y, Ben \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ch\u00e0ng thanh ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfc c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i, kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh t\u00e0u Beagle Ben \u1ea1. Nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u1ea5y s\u1ebd say n\u00e0y, n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c t\u1eadp trung, \u00f3c th\u00f4ng minh v\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u01b0a l\u1eafng nghe nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n k\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a con. n\u0103ng h\u1ed9i h\u1ecda c\u1ee7a c\u1eadu c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. V\u00ec H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, \u00f4ng \u1ea5y d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd xin ph\u00e9p B\u1ed9 H\u1ea3i th\u1ebf v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng sau \u0111\u00f3, Darwin \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u00e2n cho l\u00e0m ra nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 h\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3 b\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn Scotland v\u00e0 g\u1eb7p Ben \u1edf m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 h\u1eb9n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0 con tr\u01b0\u1edbc trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Edinburgh nh\u1ed9n nh\u1ecbp. s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c v\u00f4 gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. D\u1eabn ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n tr\u1ebb b\u0103ng qua d\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi xe h\u1ed1i N\u00e0o, con h\u00e3y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i. Ta ch\u00fac con lu\u00f4n h\u1ea3, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u00f4ng d\u1eebng ch\u00e2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t h\u00e0ng may m\u1eafn v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.\u201d r\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng s\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang tr\u00ed tinh x\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 cao l\u1edbn, uy nghi. M\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m b\u1ea3ng b\u1eb1ng \u201cNg\u00e0i lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n b\u1ea3o con r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed3ng g\u1eafn tr\u00ean tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed5ng mang d\u00f2ng ch\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd mang \u0111\u1ebfn nhh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t ch\u1ea1m kh\u1eafc n\u1ed5i \u201cNh\u00e0 v\u1ebd h\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 danh \u0111\u1eb9p, th\u01b0a Ng\u00e0i Darwin\u201d, khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t Ben b\u1eebng ti\u1ebfng John Bartholomew\u201d. Ng\u00e0i Bartholomew, s\u00e1ng. \u201cTuy nhi\u00ean, con ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng h\u00f3a ra l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t quan t\u00e2m v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1c h\u1ecda m\u00ecnh l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. m\u00e0 Darwin \u0111\u00e3 mang \u0111\u1ebfn. \u00d4ng ca ng\u1ee3i c\u1eb7p m\u1eaft Nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0a ng\u00e0i, nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i tinh x\u1ea3o v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00e0ng thanh ni\u00ean nh\u1ea5t s\u1ebd thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ng\u00e0i b\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u00ednh ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ben Sweet v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng nh\u1eadn c\u1eadu ta v\u00e0o l\u00e0m th\u1ee3 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf ra cho con m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng tri ch\u1ea1m kh\u1eafc h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7c trong m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n x\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u. V\u00e0 con bi\u1ebft, c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u00f4ng m\u1edbi m\u1edf \u1edf Edinburgh. c\u0169ng s\u1ebd v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng kinh ng\u1ea1c v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ng\u00e0i vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i, nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd con v\u1eabn nh\u1edb nh\u01b0 in.\u201d 96 92","John Bartholomew Nh\u00e0 v\u1ebd h\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3 & b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 danh ti\u1ebfng 97 93","14 7 c 16 c g 22 21 23 24 9 6 11 8 5 20 b c 19 13 12 24 18 17 c f 10 6 a 7 d 22 21 23 e PH\u1ea6N D\u01af\u1edaI BOONG T\u00c0U 15 S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a 1. \t Ph\u00f2ng s\u0103n s\u00f3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ed1m con t\u00e0u Beagle 19. \tPh\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129 ph\u1eabu v\u00e0 t\u1ee7 k\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt Bynet\t 33 34 13 12 2. \t B\u1ebfp \u0103n 30 24 3. \t Ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a 20. \tPh\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ty Sullivan \u0110\u1ec7 Nh\u1ecb 35 28 22 th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 29 21 4. \t Ph\u00f2ng \u0103n c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 21. \tPh\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ef1ng s\u00fang \u1ed1ng 5. \t T\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebfu sinh 22. \tB\u00e0n trong ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ef1ng 31 27 25 h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n s\u00fang \u1ed1ng 32 26 20 6. \t Ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1eef 23. \tPh\u00f2ng ti\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ee9ng 24. \tL\u1ed1i \u0111i 19 s\u00fang \u1ed1ng 25. \tPh\u00f2ng ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 7. \t Ph\u00f2ng d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef s\u00fang \u1ed1ng 8. \t Ph\u00f2ng y t\u1ebf b\u1ea5m gi\u1edd 9. \t Ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5c 26. \tPh\u00f2ng r\u1eeda m\u1eb7t 27. \tPh\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ee5 thuy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng 28. \tB\u00e0n \u0103n 10. \tPh\u00f2ng d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef 29. \tCh\u1ed7 ng\u1ed3i \u0103n t\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a 11. \tPh\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129 ph\u1ee5 m\u1ed5 12. \tPh\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean Darwin 30. \tCh\u1ed7 ng\u1ed3i \u0103n t\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a massage cho thuy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng thuy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng FitzRoy 13. \tPh\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng Ty 31. \tB\u00e0n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ec1n Wickham \u0110\u1ec7 Nh\u1ea5t 14. \tPh\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 tr\u01b0\u1edfng FitzRoy 36 tr\u00e1ch neo bu\u1ed3m 15. \tPh\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1o th\u1ee7 32. \tGi\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ec1n 16. \tPh\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ee3 m\u1ed9c tr\u01b0\u1edfng FitzRoy 17. \tGi\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebfu sinh h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n 33. \tGh\u1ebf x\u00f4fa v\u00e0 gi\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1ee7 18. \tPh\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a Parson 34. \tPh\u00f2ng r\u1eeda m\u1eb7t Rowlett 35. \tT\u1ee7 k\u1ec7 36. \tXu\u1ed3ng nh\u1ecf 98"]