Nepali Book Class 9

क ा९             नेपाल सरकार   िश ा ,िव ान तथा िविध म ालय पा म िवकास के     सानोिठिम, भ पुर     

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xfdf| ] egfO ljBfno lzIffnfO{ ;d;fdlos kl/jz] cg¿' k ;fGbles{ agfpg] p2Z] on] kf7o\\ jm| d tyf kf7o\\ k:' tssf] ljsf; tyf kl/dfh{g ug{] sfo{nfO{ kf7\\ojm| d ljsf; sG] b|n] lg/Gt/tf lbb“ } cfPsf] 5 . ljBfyL{df /fi6«, /fli6«o Pstf / nf]stlGqs ;+:sl[ tk|lt kl| ta4 eO{ g}ltstf, cg'zf;g, :jfjnDag, l;hg{ zLntf h:tf ;fdflhs Pjd\\ rfl/lqs u0' fx¿sf] ljsf; u/fpg' cfjZos 5 . o;/L g} ljBfyLd{ f cfwf/et\" eflifs tyf ul0ftLo l;knufot lj1fg, ;\"rgf tyf ;~rf/ kl| jlw / jftfj/0f tyf :jf:Yo ;DaGwL cfwf/e\"t 1fgsf ;fy} b}lgs hLjg, k;] f tyf Joj;fodf cfjZos kg{] hLjgf]kofu] L l;kx¿sf] ljsf; u/fpg' h?/L 5 . pgLx¿df snf / ;fG} bo,{ dfgjLo dN\" o / dfGotf, cfbz{ / j}lzi6\\ox¿sf] ;+/If0f tyf ;+jw{gk|lt ;sf/fTds ;f]rsf] ljsf; ug{ cfjZos 5 . ;dfjz] L ;dfhsf] lgdf{0fdf ;xofu] k¥' ofpg pgLx¿df ljleGg hfthflt, lnªu\\ , efiff, wd{, ;:+ sl[ t / If]qkl| t ;defj hufO{ dfgj clwsf/ tyf ;fdflhs dN\" o / dfGotfkl| t ;rt] eO{ lhDdj] f/Lk0\" f{ cfr/0fsf] ljsf; u/fpg' klg cfhsf] cfjZostf xf ] . o; kf7\\ok':tssf] n]vg k|f=8f= ;'wf lqkf7L, 8f= wgk|;fb ;'j]bL, w|'jk|;fb 9'ª\\ufgf / b|f]0f bfxfnaf6 ePsf] xf] . kf7\\ok':tsnfO{ o; :j¿kdf Nofpg] sfo{df s]Gbs| f sfos{ f/L lgb]z{ s >L lbjfs/ 9'ªu\\ ]n, kf| = 8f= sb] f/k;| fb zdf,{ k|f= 8f= /fdgfy cfe] mf, k|f=8f=/dz] k|;fb e66\\ /fO{, rGbs| fGt e';fn, 8f= uLtf v/n] , dwk' ;| fb ltldlN;gf, l;l4axfb/' dxh{gnufotsf dxfge' fjsf] ljz]if of]ubfg /x]sf] 5 . o; kf7\\ok':tssf] ljifoj:t' ;Dkfbg /hgL lwdfn / efiff ;Dkfbg lrgfs'df/L lg/f}nfaf6, lrqfªs\\ g ;l' gn /l~ht / snf ;Dkfbg >Lxl/ >]i7af6 ePsf] xf] . o; kf7o\\ k':tssf] ljsf; tyf kl/dfh{g sfod{ f ;n+ Ug ;a}kl| t kf7\\ojm| d ljsf; s]Gb| wGojfb ks| 6 ub{5 . kf7o\\ k':tsnfO{ lzIf0f l;sfOsf] dxŒjk\"0f{ ;fwgsf ¿kdf lnOG5 . o;af6 ljBfyL{n] kf7o\\ jm| dåf/f nlIft ;Ifdtf xfl;n ug{ dbt kU' g] ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5 . o; kf7\\ok':tsnfO{ ;s];Dd ljm| ofsnfkdv' L / ?lrs/ agfpg] k|oTg ul/Psf] 5 . kf7\\ok':tsnfO{ ce}m kl/is[t kfg{sf nflu lzIfs, ljBfyL{, cleefjs, a'l4hLjL Pjd\\ ;Dk\"0f{ kf7sx¿sf] ;d]t dxŒjk\"0f{ e\"ldsf /xg] x'“bf ;Da4 ;a}sf] /rgfTds ;'emfjsf nflu kf7\\oj|md ljsf; s]Gb| xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5 . g]kfn ;/sf/ lzIff, lj1fg tyf k|ljlw dGqfno lj= ;+= @)&% kf7o\\ j|md ljsf; s]Gb|

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kf7 ! b'O{ ldtsf] syf ! rf/sf;] ] emf8Lsf] lardf jgb]jLsf] dlGb/sf] 5]pdf Pp6f ljzfn ?v lyof] . To; ?vnfO{ b'O{ ldtx¿n] cfkm\\gf] 3/ agfPsf lyP . tL bO' d{ f Pp6f nf6fs] f];]/f] lyof] . csf{] rflxF xfQL lyof] . pgLx¿ Ps csfl{ ;t dfG5s] f] efiffdf s/' f uy{] / dfG5n] ] h:t} ldqtfsf] Jojxf/ klg uy{] . cfkmg\\ f ldtnfO{ af]nfpg ;lhnf] xf;] \\ egL ltgn] gfd klg dfG5]s} h:tf /fvs] f lyP . nf6f]sf];/] fsf] gfd g]qnfn lyof] eg] xfQLsf] gfd rflxF s0f{sfGt lyof] . @ g]qnfn kG5L xg' fn] ?vsf xfuF fdf r9/] ;'Tg] uYof]{ / s0f{sfGt rflxF ?vsf] kmb] d} /ft latfpYF of] . lbgel/ tL cfkmg\\ f cfkm\\gf cfxf/sf vfh] Ldf PSnfPSn} Psf Psflt/ nfUy,] t/ ;feF m kbf{ gkb{} tL cfkmg\\ f 3/lt/ kmls;{ Sy] / Ps csfn{ fO{ lbgel/ cfkm\" n] bv] e] fu] s] f s/' fx¿sf] an] Lla:tf/ nufpFy] . ltgLx¿ o;/L laglaRrdf s/' f dfq bf]rfbg{} y,] k/]sf j]nfdf cfkm\\gf ldtsf nflu Hofg} ;dt] lbgk' /] klg v;' L;fy lbGy], slxNo} kl5 x6t\\ g} y] . cfh efl] n htftt} :jfys{ f] huhuL ePsfn] xfdLnfO{ o:tf] ldqtfsf] pNn]v xFb' f cfZro{ nfUg ;Snf, t/ g]qnfn / s0fs{ fGt ;fRF r} g} kfO{ g;Sgs' f ldt lyP . zAbfy{ ldqtf M ;fyLsf] Jojxf/ cfxf/ M efh] g, vfg]s'/f an] Lla:tf/ nufpg' M hDd} aofg ug'{ huhuL M eo, qf;, vt/f g]kfnL M sIff ( 1

#= /xbF f a:bf Ps lbg oL bO' { ldqnfO{ 7'nf] cfkt cfOk/5] . s] eP5 eg] g]qnfn ;w}F h:t} 3fd c:tfpg] c:tfpg] an] fdf cfkm\\gf] lbpF;fs] f] sfd l;WofO;sk] l5 e'?/{ p8\\b} rR' r] 9ª' u\\ f] pxL 6'ªu\\ f] eg] emF} cfkm\\gf] ?vdf cfOk'u]5 . t/ s0fs{ fGtn] eg] To; lbg l9nf] u/]sf] bv] ]/ gq] nfn lrlGtt eP5 . lrlGtt x'g' klg :jfefljs} lyof], lsgeg] s0fs{ fGt slxNo} klg 3/ kms{g l9nf] ub}{GYof] . xf], g]qnfn p8g\\ ] hGt' x'gfn] 6f9f 6f9f 3D' g k'u] klg ju] l;t p8/] ;dod} 3/ kms{GYof,] t/ s0f{sfGt p8g\\ g;s] klg pm cfkm\\gf] Pdfgsf] lhpnfO{ htfaf6 / h;/L eP klg To; ?vsf km]bdf 3fd c:tfpbF f gc:tfpbF } NofOk¥' ofpFYof] . To; lbg eg] crDd} eP5 . 3fd c:tfO;s5] / klg s0fs{ fGt kms]g{ 5 . la:tf/} ls/fx¿sf] Psfx] f]/f] lsl//L a9b\\ } uP5, cWF of/f] rf/l} t/af6 ‰jfKk 5fK] t} NofP5 / emdSs ;fFem k/]5 . g]qnfnsf] dg cft];n] 56\\k6fpFb} uP5 . p;sf] 5ftL slQ lyRtf klg a?' sa'?s pk|mg 5f8g] 5 . afa} lg s] ePsf] lg o:tf] ∕ oltsf jif;{ Dd oL b'O{ ldtn] Ps csf{sf ;fydf hLjg latfPsf lyP . o:tf] slxNo} klg ePsf] lyPg . sg' } pm h:t} 7n' f] lhpsL 9f]O{ g} kf] p;n] e6] of] ls < To;n] cleGg ldqnfO{ p;af6 r6Ss r'8F fP/ nuL ls < x/] ∕ s0fs{ fGtn] cfkm\\gf] ldtnfO{ laxfg eg/] } uPsf] eP p;sf] d6' ' o;/L 9s' 9's t x'g] lyPg . p;nfO{ o:tf] c;fWo jb] gfn] vu|f; t kfg{] lyPg . $= xb] f{x]b{} cfsfzel/ tf/fx¿ 9sdSs dss} f k\"mn h:t} a/// pbfP . t/ s0fs{ fGtsf] eg] st} kQfk] mfF6 lyPg . pm To;/L g} lanfof] h;/L lbg lanfP/ uPsf] lyof,] pHofnf] lanfP/ uPsf] lyof] / ;fFem lanfP/ uPsf] lyof] . %= 6x6x hg\" nfUbf sDtL /dfOnf] xb'F }GfYof] . Tof] kmfF6, tf/fx¿ To;/L ;u/} 9fs/] 6NsFbf sDtL :jflbnf] xF'bg} Yof], Tof] jg . t/ x/] s0f{sfGt g} gePkl5 gq] nfnnfO{ ca To; hg\" sf] s] sfd, tL tf/fx¿sf] s] dxŒj ∕ ;fyL g} gePkl5 g]qnfnn] To; ?vnfO{ 5f8] klg eof,] s0fs{ fGtn] p;nfO{ dfof df/] h:t} p;n] klg To; jgnfO{ dfof df/] klg eof] . ^= /ft l5lKkbF } uof,] t/ s0fs{ fGtsf] ;OF' sf;] Dd klg gq] nfnn] kfPg . xf,] pm p8/] vfH] g hfg ;SYof,] t/ To;} j]nf s0fs{ fGt nds / emds ub}{ ToxfF cfOkU' of] eg] < p;n] kv6] f Eof6Eof6 u¥of], lj/xsf] pnn' 'n' :j/ p/fNof] / g/dfOnfl] ;t cfª dsfo{ f] . cxF, p;sf] ldt st} bv] f k/g] . &= hg\" p;/L g} k/ bl] vg] gbLsf] kfgLdf 6nNn 6lNs/x\\of], tf/fx¿ lr;} rlDs/x] / /ft ;'nn' ' lrlKn/x\\of] . s0f{sfGt x/fPsf] lyof], t/ To:tf] 7n' f] s/' fn] klg ltgdf s'g} lj/x Nofpg ;s]g . Pp6f gq] nfn dfq} To;} To;} e'6\\el' 6O/xs] f] lyof] . zAbfy{ g]kfnL M sIff ( pNnv] M egfO Pdfgsf] M Hofb} 7'nf] cft]; M 8/, qf; cleGg M Hofb} glhssf] / Kof/f] 2

*= ca cfOxfN5 ls eGg] cGof]ndf lkª v]Nbfv]Nb} g]qnfnn] cfwf /ft 5n{ª\\u latfP5 . p;sf cf“vf nfUg dfq nfu]sf lyP, s0f{sfGt ;fx|} dGb ultdf nf]Y¥ofs nf]Y¥ofs u//] cfpbF f 5j] d} f cfOku' k] l5 dfq p;n] bv] ]5 . (= æs] eof] ldt s0fs{ fGt, cfh tkfO{nF fO{ s] eof] <Æ ;fx|} cfTdLotf;fy xfFufaf6 tn em//] gq] nfnn] ;fw] ]5 . !)= æd t tkfO{lF ;t ;bfsf nflu labf dfUg cfPsf, d/] f k/dlk|o ldq g]qnfn ∕ daf6 cGhfgdf jf VofnVofndf sg' } g/fdf| ] afn] Larg jf Jojxf/ ePsf] eP ldt hfgL Ifdf lbg'xf]nf, en' r's ePsf] eP dfkm lbg'xf]nf ∕Æ dfofn' :j/df s0fs{ fGtn] eg]5 . !!= gq] nfnsf] dgdf r;Ss k/5] . xf]Og, s0fs{ fGtn] ;fFRr} s'g} 9f]O{ e6] ] h:t} 5, gq pm lsg olt l9nf] kmsG{ Yof], lsg dl;t labf dfUYof] / lsg e'nrs' df dfkm lbgx' f]nf eGYof] eGg] p;nfO{ k/5] . !@= t/ s0fs{ fGtsf] cg'xf/df cfgGbsf] pHofnf] lyPg . To:tf] rxlsnf] /ftdf klg pm cf;F} L h:tf] j]bgfdf r'nD'{ d 8a' s] f] h:tf] bl] vGYof] . gq] nfnsf vlKk; cfFvfn] xfQLnfO{ kSsf klg 8/ nfUb} ;d:of cfOk/]sf] x'gk' 5{ eGg] 7DofP . To;n} ] cToGt :g]x;fy p;n] eGof], ætkfO{nF fO{ s'g} cfkt\\ cfOk/] h:tf] d bV] t} 5' . s] eof] < cfh sxfF hfge' of] < s;s;l;t tkfOFs{ f] e]6 eof] < s;}n] afn] Ljrg kf] nufof] ls < cyjf tkfOF{nfO{ sg' } /fu] n] kf] e6] o\\ f] ls <Æ !#= s0fs{ fGtn] ;F9' nœofPsf] nœofo} eGof], æd dg]{ ePF, d/] f] of] ljzfn lhp rfS] 6f rf]S6f x'g] eof] .Æ !$= g]qnfn] kSs kb}{ ;f]Wof,] æs;/L <Æ !%= s/' f] s] /x]5 eg] To; lbg laxfg s0fs{ fGt gbLsf] lsgf/} lsgf/ pQ/lt/ nfu]5 . pm hLjgdf slxNo} klg To; lbzflt/ nfu]sf] lyPg . hfbF f hfFbf cUnf cUnf kxf8x¿sf] lardf pm ku' 5] . u8tL/} u8tL/ lxF8b\\ f 8f8F fx¿sf] cUnfO{ a9b\\ } uP5 . tL gfua]nL kb}{ uP5g\\ / db} fgaf6 cf]emn] k/]/ pm o:tf] 8/nfUbf] 7fpdF f ku' 5] , hxfF crDdsf] zflGt km}lnPsf] /x]5 . ePg, ca kmlsg{ 'k¥of] eg/] s0f{sfGtn] ;'9“ prfn]/ cfkm\\gf] z/L/nfO{ o;f] blIf0flt/ 3d' fpg} cf6F s] f] lyof], p;sf sfgdf cgf}7f] sNofªaNofª 7f]lSsg cfOk'u5] . o:tf] ;g' ;fg 7fpFdf zAbfy{ vlKk; M cg'ejL cGof]n M bfw] f/, bfd] g u8tL/ M gbLsf] lsgf/ cfvF f nfUg' M emkSs lgwfpg' gfua]nL M ;k{ em}F uF'8'lNsPsf] ult M j]u, rfn cfe] mn] kg'{ M 5]lsg,' 5fofdf kg{' cfTdLotf M k]|d, :gx] sNofªaNofª M vn} fan} f, xNnf Ifdf M dfkmL 3 g]kfnL M sIff (

klg sf] a:bf /x]5g\\ x]g{k' ¥of,] e/] ldt g]qnfnnfO{ 5Ss kfb}{ ltgsf ljifodf eGg kfOg] 5 eGg] ljrf/n] s0f{sfGt To; xf]xNnflt/ uP5 . ;k{ u'8F l' NsP h:tf 8fF8fx¿sf] km]blt/ hªu\\ nsf] lardf Pp6f ;fgf] vn' f rp/ /x]5 h;df 7'N7n' f ?vsf d'9fx¿ hf]t/] cfuf] afnL To;sf jl/kl/ /fIf;x¿ gflr/xs] f /x]5g\\ . Tof] Pp6f c;fWo} /fd|f] / 7'nf] cf9] f/df uP/ 7f]lSsPsf] /x5] . /fIf;x¿ To; cf9] f/sf] dv' af6 kfgL au] h:t} rp/lt/ lg:sbf /x]5g\\ . !^= a8d] fgsf] xfQL PSsfl; ToxfF cfOk'Ubf Pp6f /fIf;n] pkm| Fb} To;sf] 5]pdf uP/ xif{ ks| 6 u/]5, æxfd|f /fhfn] lxhf] /flt ;kgfdf xfQLsf] df;' vfPsf] b]vs] f lyP, cfh ;fRF r} vfg kfpg] eP . xfdLn] klg xfQLsf] df;' rfVg kfpg] eof}F ∕Æ !&= æ;kgfdf h] b]Vof] lakgfdf ToxL sxfF kU' 5 / <Æ s0fs{ fGtn] lj/f]w hgfP5 . !*= æxfdLn] 9fF6s] f] xf]Og . lxF8, xfd|f /fhfsf] 5pdf uP/ cfkmF} ;f]wÆ eGb} la; klRr; /fIf;x¿n] s0f{sfGtnfO{ 7]n/] cf]9f/s} d'vlt/ nu] . !(= xfQL b]Vg] lalQs} /fn rx' fpbF } ;f/f /fIf; s6] fs6] Lx¿ lt3|f 76fO{ 76fO{ s/fpg yfn], æcfh xfQLsf rf]S6f rfVg kfOg] eof,] cfh xfQL vfg kfOg] eof] ∕Æ @)= /fIf;x¿sf] /fhf klg pHofnf] cg'xf/ nufP/ cf9] f/ aflx/ cfof] . xfQLnfO{ wfk lbbF } p;n] eGof,] æ;o+ f]usf] s/' f] xf] . d d/] f sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ xfQL ;dft]/ Nofpg nufpbF } lyPF . tF cfkm}F cfOk'lu5;\\ . s'/f] s] eg] dn} ] ;kgfdf xfQLsf] df;' vfPsf] lyPF / d]/f] ;kgf hlxn] klg ldN5 . tFnfO{ d ca sf6s'6 kfg{ nufP/ vfG5,' al' em;\\ gfª\\nfsfg] ∕Æ @!= æd/] f] gfd s0f{sfGt xf] . dnfO{ s0f{sfGt eg/] af]nfpgx' f;] \\ .Æ s0fs{ fGtn] eGof] . @@= æs0f{sfGt xf];\\ ls gfªn\\ fsfg] xf];\\, s] km/s eof] / < ca tn}F ] xfd|f /fhfsf] ;kgf k¥' ofpg} k5{ ∕Æ Pp6f /fIf;n] lar}df l6Kk0fL u¥of] . @#= æta}tf/] ∕ t}n] ca :jflbnf] rfS] 6}rf]S6f xg' k} 5{ ∕Æ csf{n] yKof] . @$= æ;kgf t ;kgf xf,] Tof] lakgf s;/L x'G5 lg < Æ s0f{sfGtn] ;fW] of] . @% ædn} ] b]v]kl5 ;kgf klg lakgf x'G5, al' em;\\ . d]/f] ;kgf slxNo} v/] hfbF g} .Æ /fIf;sf] /fhfn] hafkm lbof] . zAbfy{ d9' f M a8]dfgsf ?vsf 6'j|mfx¿ a8]dfgsf] M w/] } 7'nf,] ljzfn gfªn\\ fsfg] M gfª\\nf hqf sfg xg' ] l6Kk0fL ug'{ M ljrf/ kf]Vg,' dt eGg' ta}tf/] M c,F Tof] s'/f ;fFrf] xf] 4 gk] fnL M sIff (

@^ s0f{sfGtn] w/] } ts{ u¥of,] w]/} laGtL u¥of] / w/] } ae' mfpg vf]Hof,] t/ 9ª' u\\ f h:tf] xb[ o ePsf /fIf;x¿n] k6Ss} dfgg] g\\ . tL p;nfO{ df//] vfG5f}F vfG5fF} eg]/ s/fO{ g} /x], pkm| L g} /x] . @&= nfv laGtL ubf{ klg s0fs{ fGtsf] s]xL nfug] . p;n] dgk{} g]{ eof] . clGtd cj:yfdf p;nfO{ cfkmg\\ f k/d :gx] L ldt g]qnfnsf] ;Demgf eof] . p;n] eGof,] æp;f] eP dnfO{ d]/f ldt gq] nfnl;t uP/ clGtd labf dfUg lbg'xf];\\ . pgLl;t labf eP/ d ;fe] m} oxLF kmsG{ 5,' km/s kg]{ 5g} .Æ @*= /fIf;x¿ dfg]sf lyPgg\\, t/ /fIf;sf] /fhfn] eg]5, æxG' 5, dge{' Gbf cufl8 t/] f] ;fyLnfO{ e]6]/ cfOh . t/ kmsg{ ' rflxF k5{ lg ∕Æ @(= æxj;\\ ∕Æ eg]/ s0fs{ fGt cfkm\\gf] jf;:yfglt/ nfu]5 . #)= w/] } tn cfOku' ]kl5 p;sf] hDsf e]6 Pp6f h/fofl;t eP5 . To; h/fofl;t s0f{sfGtn] ;f]w]5, æs] ;kgf klg lakgf h:t} ;frF f] xg' ;S5 <Æ #!= h/fofn] s'/} gae' mL KofRr hjfkm lbP5, æxG' 5, lsg gx'g' <Æ #@= lgs} a]/kl5 p;n] Pp6f cgfn{ fO{ rb{} u/]sf] b]v5] / To;sf 5]pdf uP/ eg5] , ædnfO{ Pp6f s/' f] ;f]Wg' lyof] .Æ ##= æs] < Æ d'G6f] h'?Ss prfn/] gfssf kf]/f k'mnfpFb} cgfn{ ] ;fw] 5] . #$= æ;kgfdf b]vs] f] s'/f] lakgfdf kfOG5 <Æ s0fs{ fGtn] cfkmg\\ f] ;d:ofnfO{ cl3 ;f/5] . #%= ælsg gkfpg' lg <Æ afN] bf klg k;} f knf{ h:tf] ub{} cgf{n] 3f;F rafpFb} eg]5 . #^= o;/L s0fs{ fGt xfQLn] h; h;l;t ;fw] ]5, tL ;a}n] p;nfO{ lg/fz} kf/]5g\\ . s;n} ] klg ;kgf ;kg} xf], Tof] k/\" f x'g ;St}g eg/] eg]g5g\\ . #&= s0fs{ fGtnfO{ afRF g] cfzf gePsfn] p;sf] ;Dk\"0f{ k'mtL{ ;n] fP5 . g]qnfnnfO{ cfkm\\gf ldtsf] bogLo l:ylt bv] ]/ c;fWo} dfof nfu5] . p;n] eg5] , æd]/f Kof/f ldt, To;/L dge{' Gbf cufl8 g} v'6\\6f tfGg tkfO{F h:tf jL/nfO{ ;'xfpbF }g .Æ #*= s0fs{ fGtn] cfFvfel/ cf;F ' kf//] ;g' fP5, æd t ca hfg] g} ePF, dnfO{ t ca 6j' m| f 6'j|mf kf/]/ tL cnlR5g /fIf;x¿n] x;g' {] g} eP . t/ tkfOF{ eg] dnfO{ ;Dem/] lrGtf gug'x{ f]nf . d ca hfG5' klg .Æ zAbfy{ :gx] L M dfofn', Kof/f] hDsf e6] M PSsfl; xg' ] bO' { kIfsf] e]6 cgf{ M hª\\unL eF;} L lrGtf ug'{ M zfs] dfGg' gk] fnL M sIff ( 5

#(= gq] nfn slt rf]l6 s0f{sfGtsf] 6fpsf]dfly a;]/ To; hªu\\ ndf 3'ds] f] lyof] . Ps tfssf] s/' f] xf] . xfFufdf c8\\lsP/ p;sf] kv6] fsf] km]bdf rf]6 nfu]sf] lyof] . s0fs{ fGt nDk;f/ k//] ;l' tlbGYof] / gq] nfn cfkmg\\ f v'6\\6fn] la:tf/L 6S] t} p;sf] 6fpsfdf r9Y\\ of] . clg s0fs{ fGt h?' Ss p7]/ ;fyLnfO{ otf / ptf 3d' fpg nfGYof] . gq] nfnsf] kv6] fsf] kmb] df b'lv/xGYof,] t/ s0f{sfGtsf ld7f ld7f s/' fn] ubf{ pm cfkmg\\ f] 3fpnfO{ la;G{ Yof] . bO' { tLg dlxgf o;/L oL bO' { ldt;Fu;uF } 3'dk] l5 g]qnfnsf] 3fp /fd|}l;t lgsf] ePsf] lyof] . $)= g]qnfnn] To;} s'/fnfO{ ;Dem]/ eGof,] ældtHo\", p8/] hfpmF eg] d}n] /fIf;x¿ a:g] cf]9f/ b]v]sf] 5}g . b]lvxfn]5' eg] klg tkfOF{eGbf cufj} d ToxfF ku' /] s] sfd < lxF8/] hfpF m eg] rDss] f] 3f]8fn] t nDss] f] xfQLnfO{ e6] g\\ ;St}g eg] d nf6fs] f;] ]/f]n] s;/L ;f/ ldnfpg ;Sg' < d]/f] 3fp x'Fbf tkfO{n“ ] s;/L dnfO{ 6fpsfdf /fv]/ 8'nfO{ lx8F \\g'x'GYof] < ;Demgf 5 < d To;u} /L tkfOs“{ f] 6fpsfdfly ykSs a:5' / xfdL bj' } tL /fIf;x¿nfO{ e6] g\\ hfcfF} . s;f] <Æ $!= æd}n] kf] kmsg{ ] afrf af“w]sf] 5' / d kms{G5' . tkfO{“ lsg hfg] xF ToxfF < dnfO{ h:t} tkfO{n“ fO{ klg ltgn] sf6]/ vfP eg] < cx,F ldtHo\" kbg{} . tkfO{“ oxLF a:gx' f;] \\ . d dfq} hfG5' .Æ s0f{sfGtn] nf6fs] f;] /] fn] fO{ /f]Sg vfH] of] . $@= g]qnfn s] dfGYof] < p;n] eGof], æPs t ltgn] tkfO{FnfO{ g} klg vfg kfpFbg} g\\ / tkfOn{“ fO{ vfg gkfPkl5 dnfO{ vfg] s'/} p7t\\ g} . nf,} ltgn] tkfOn{“ fO{ vfg kfP5g\\ /] . tkfO{FnfO{ To;/L vfO;s]kl5 d}n] o; ;;+ f/df lsg aflF r/xg] < afRof}F eg] bj' } afrF fnF} f, d¥ofF} eg] klg ;Fu;uF } b'j} d/f“}nf .Æ $#= To;kl5 tL bO' { ldt cfkmg\\ f] Kof/f] ?vnfO{ 5f8]/ /fIf;x¿sf] cf9] f/lt/ nfu]5g\\ . 3G6f}F nufP/ tL bO' { cf]9f/sf] dv' df k'u]5g\\ . gq] nfn s0f{sfGtsf 6fpsfdf emfj] |mfP/ al;/x]sfn] Tolt nfdf] af6fdf klg tL b'O{n] s'g} aft df/]g5g\\ . $$= xfQLnfO{ n'?n'? kms{s] f] b]v/] /fIf;x¿n] 3/] ]5g\\ . /fIf;sf] /fhfn] aflx/ lg:s]/ eg5] , ætF t jrgsf] kSsf /lx5;\\ .Æ $%= oltGh]n s0f{sfGtsf 6fpsfdf g]qnfn d:t lgb|fdf k/] h:tf] :jfª ul//x]sf] /x]5 . /fIf;sf /fhfsf] cfjfhn] em;ª\\u eP/ lapFem] h:tf] ub{} cfFvf p3f//] p;n] pRr :j/df eg]5, ævf]O, /fIf; /fhsd' f/L sxfF l5g\\ < oxfF Nofpg'k¥of] .Æ zAbfy{ g]kfnL M sIff ( cufj} M cufl8 g,} klxn] g} afrf afWF g' M kl| t1f ug,'{ lsl/of vfg' jrg M lbPsf] afn] L /fhsd' f/L M /fhfsL 5f]/L 6

$^= ælsg < lsg xfdL| /fhsd' f/LnfO{ t/] f cufl8 Nofpg] xF <Æ Pp6f /fIf;n] uhb“{ } ;fw] 5] . $&= ædl;t lax] ug{ lg, lsg xG' Yof] < ev{/} d}n] ;kgfdf ltdLx¿sL /fhs'df/LnfO{ lax] u/s] f] bv] ]“ .Æ gq] nfnn] s/' f agfP5 . $*= æ;kgfdf vfn] ] vfPsf] eg]sf] oxL xf] . ;kgfdf tFn} ] xfd|L /fhsd' f/LnfO{ lax] u/]sf] bV] t}df lakgfdf lax] ug{ kfpF5;\\ .Æ /fIf;sf] /fhfn] /ftf /ftf cfvF f kfb{} eg]5 . $(= æp;f] eP tkfOn{“ ] ;kgfdf xfQLsf] df;' vfPsf] bV] ge' of] eGbd} f d/] f ldtsf] df;' vfg kfpgx' G' 5 t < tkfOnF{ ] d]/f ldtsf] df;' vfg kfpgx' G' 5 eg] d}n] klg tkfO{s“ f] 5f/] L;uF lax] ug{ kfpg'k5,{ a‰' ge' f] <Æ p:t} cfvF f kf/]/ gq] nfnn] cfkmg\\ f] alnof] ts{ pEofP5 . %)= ;f/f /fIf;x¿ lgNn eP5g\\ . æxfQL cfof], xfQL cfof], km' :;f ∕Æ egs] f] oxL xf] eGb} tL cf9] f/ leqlt/ u?' ? k;]5g\\ . %!= s0fs{ fGt ca ndsnds cfkmg\\ f] jf;:yfglt/ cfkmg\\ f ldt g]qnfnnfO{ 6fpsfdf r9fP/ kms]{5 . b'O{ ldtx¿ To;kl5 w]/} w]/} jif;{ Dd ;Fu;Fu} b'Mv ;v' afF8/] a;5] g\\ . cEof; 7 ;g' fO != kf7sf] bf];f| ] cg'R5]b ;g' L l7s / al] 7s 56' o\\ fpgx' f;] \\ M -s_ s0fs{ fGt ?vsf] xfFufdf ;T' Yof] . -v_ s0f{sfGt / g]qnfnn] bv] e] fu] s] f s/' f an] Lla:tf/ nufpyF ] . -u_ s0f{sfGt / g]qnfn bO' { ldt lyP . -3_ s0f{sfGt / gq] nfn ;xof]uL lyPgg\\ . @= kf7sf] klxnf] cgR'5]bsf] >'ltnv] g ug{x' f;] \\ . #= kf7sf] t];|f] cg'R5b] ;G' g'xf];\\ / To;sf] dV' o s/' f atfpgx' f;] \\ . $= kf7sf] bf;] |f] cg'R5]b ;'Ggx' f;] \\ / bO' { ldtx¿sf] b}lgsL eGgx' f;] \\ . g]kfnL M sIff (

af]nfO != tnsf zAbsf] z4' pRrf/0f ug{x' f;] \\ M vu|f;, ;O' Fsf,] cfTdLotf, sNofªaNofª, gfª\\nfsfg,] :gx] L @= tnsf zAbsf] cy{ eGgx' f;] \\ M cft;] , 9fO] ,{ vlKk;, u8tL/, gfuan] L, sNofªaNofª, d9' f, gfªn\\ fsfg,] tat} f/,] hDsf e6] , cgf{ #= g]qnfnsf] rl/q tkfO{“nfO{ s:tf] nfUof] < kf7sf cfwf/df eGgxf];\\ . $= tkfOn{“ ] ;g' s] f] sg} nf]ssyf 5f6] s/Ldf ;g' fpgxf;] \\ . k9fO != kf7sf cg'R5b] x¿ kfn}kfnf] k9\\gx' f;] \\ . @= kf7 k9L tnsf kZ| gsf] dfl} vs pQ/ lbg'xf;] \\ M -s_ bO' { ldtx¿sf] gfd s] s] lyof] < -v_ s0f{sfGt s;/L /fIf;sf] cf8] f/ glhs kU' of] < -u_ h/fof] / cgf{n] s0fs{ fGtnfO{ s:tf] hafkm lbP < -3_ gq] nfn s0f{sfGt;Fu} /fIf;sxfF lsg uPsf] xf] < -ª_ gq] nfnn] /fIf;x¿nfO{ s;/L lhNn kf¥of] < #= syfsf cfwf/df tnsf egfO s;n] s;nfO{ egs] f x'g\\, nV] gx' f];\\ . -s_ d t tkfOl{F ;t ;bfsf nflu labf dfUg cfPsf] . -v_ tkfO{FnfO{ sg' } cfkt\\ cfOk/] h:tf] d bV] b} 5' . -u_ xfdLn] 9f6F s] f] xfO] g . lxF8 xfdf| /fhfsf] 5]pdf uP/ cfkm}F ;f]w . -3_ ;kgf t ;kgf xf,] Tof] lakgf s;/L x'G5 lg < -ª_ s] ;kgf klg lakgf h:t} ;fFrf] xg' ;S5 < $= kf7sf cfwf/df tn lbOPsf 36gfx¿sf] j|md ldnfO{ nV] gx' f];\\ . -s_ gq] nfnn] hl' St nufO{ s0fs{ fGtsf] Hofg hfu] fpg' -v_ s0f{sfGt / gq] nfn c;fWo} ldNg] ldt xg' ' -u_ s0f{sfGtsf] e]6 /fIf;l;t x'g' 8 gk] fnL M sIff (

-3_ s0f{sfGtn] g]qnfnnfO{ ;a} s/' f eGg' 9 -ª_ /fIf;x¿ lgNn xg' ' -r_ b'O{ ldtnfO{ 7'nf] cfkt\\ cfOnfUg' -5_ g]qnfnn] /fIf;nfO{ /fhsd' f/Ll;t lax] u5{' eGg' -h_ /fIf;n] s0f{sfGtnfO{ vfG5' eGg' -em_ s0fs{ fGt / g]qnfn /fIf;sxfF hfg' %= kf7sf cfwf/df gq] nfn;“u ;DalGwt s'/fx¿ kf“r ab“' fdf l6kf6] ugx'{ f;] \\ . n]vfO != tnsf zAbx¿nfO{ jfSodf ko| f]u ugx'{ f;] \\ M cft];, cleGg, ult, gfª\\nfsfg,] hDsf e]6, cufj}, afrf afFWg' @= kf7sf s'g} b'O{ cg'R5b]sf] cg'n]vg ug'{xf];\\ . #= tnsf k|Zgsf] 5f6] f] pQ/ n]Vgx' f];\\ M -s_ g]qnfn / s0fs{ fGtsf] s:tf] ldqtf lyof] < -v_ s0f{sfGt s;/L /fIf;sf] kmGbfdf k¥of] < -u_ h/fof] / cgfs{ f] s/' fn] s0f{sfGtnfO{ s:tf] ke| fj k¥of] < -3_ g]qnfn lsg s0fs{ fGt;uF } /fIf;sxfF uof] < -ª_ g]qnfnn] s;/L s0fs{ fGtsf] Hofg arfof] < $= kf7sf ;xfotfn] tnsf pvfgx¿sf] cy{ n]Vg'xf;] \\ M -s_ ;kgfdf vf]n] vfPsf] eg]sf] oxL xf] . -v_ xfQL cfof], xfQL cfof,] k'm:;f ∕∕ egs] f] oxL xf] . -u_ rDss] f] 3f]8fn] nDs]sf] xfQLnfO{ e]6g\\ ;St}g . -3_ dg'{ eGbf cufl8 g} v'66\\ f tfGg ;'xfpbF }g . %= bO' { ldtsf] syfsf] dn\" efj nV] gx' f];\\ . ^= b'O{ ldtsf] syfsf] ;f/fz+ nV] g'xf;] \\ . &= nf6fs] f];]/f] / xfQLdf tkfOn“{ fO{ sg' rnfv h:tf] nfUof] < ts{ lbP/ nV] g'xf];\\ . g]kfnL M sIff (

Jofs/0f != tnsf] cg'R5]bsf /v] fªl\\ st lj|mofkb e\"t sfnsf x'g\\, ltgsf] jtd{ fg ¿k klxrfg u/L sfkLdf n]Vg'xf];\\ M Ps hgf ;Gt gbLdf gx' fpg uP . Toxf“ pgn] kfgLdf laR5L bv] ] . Tof] laR5Lkl| t ;GtnfO{ bof nfUof] . To;nfO{ arfpg'k¥of] egL ;Gtn] cfk\\mgf] xftdf lng vf]Hbf laR5Ln] xTsn] fdf 6f]Sof] . ;Gtn] laR5LnfO{ arfpg kml] / klg k|of; u/] . laR5Ln] o; k6s t ;GtnfO{ emg\\ ax] f]; g} xg' ] u/L 6fS] of] . o; 36gfnfO{ Pp6f dfemLn] glhs}af6 bV] of] / uP/ ;GtnfO{ eGof,] ælaR5L :jefj}n] l/;fxf / b'i6 xG' 5 . tkfO“{ o;nfO{ arfpg lsg o:tf] si6 ug{x' G' 5 <Æ ;Gtn] dfemLnfO{ eg,] ælaR5L :jefjn} ] hlt l/;fxf / bi' 6 xG' 5, dflg;n] klg Tolt g} IfdfzLn / ;Hhg xg' ko| f; ugk{' 5{ . of] laR5L cfkm\\ gf] :jefj 5f8] b\\ g} eg] d klg cfkm\\ gf] wdn{ fO{ s;/L 5f]8f“} <Æ olt egL ;Gtn] t;] f| ] k6s klg ko| f; u/] . o; k6s eg] laR5LnfO{ kfgLaf6 aflx/ lgsfNg pgL ;kmn eP . @= kf7sf] bf];f| ] cg'R5]bdf ePsf et\" sfnsf lj|mofkbnfO{ /v] fªs\\ g ug'{xf;] \\ . #= tnsf lj|mofkbdWo] et\" sfnsf ljm| ofkbnfO{ dfq sfkLdf ;fg{'xf];\\ M k9\\of,} k9\\5f“,} nV] of], k9g\\ ] 5', eg,] vfof,] /f]of], a:5, l6Kof,] ;'Tof] $= tnsf jfSonfO{ et\" sfnsf jfSodf abNgx' f];\\ M -s_ ;kgfdf b]vs] f] s/' f lakgfdf kfOG5 < -v_ g]qnfn s0fs{ fGtsf] 6fpsfd] fly a;]/ To; hª\\undf 3d' s] f] 5 . -u_ gq] nfnsf] 3fp /fd}l| ;t lgsf] ePsf] 5 . -3_ d/] f ldtsf] df;' vfg kfpg'x'G5 t < -ª_ Ps lbg oL bO' { ldqnfO{ 7n' f] cfkt cfOk/5] . %= tnsf wftn' fO{ ko| f]u u/]/ et\" sfnsf jfSo lgdf{0f ugx{' f;] \\ M lx8“ \\, ksfp, ;'tfp, ufp, hf, nv] \\, plk|m ^= lnª\\u, jrg / k?' ifsf cfwf/df ‘vf’ wfta' f6 aGg] et\" sfnsf ¿kx¿ nV] gx' f;] \\ . &= et\" sfnsf ljm| ofkb ko| fu] u/L cfkmn\" ] bv] s] f] sg' } 36gfsf ;DaGwdf Ps cgR' 5b] nV] gx' f;] \\ . 10 g]kfnL M sIff (

*= tnsf] tflnsfdf et\" sfnsf ;a} kIfdf cfwfl/t s]xL lj|mofkbx¿ pNn]v 5g\\, ltgnfO{ cfkm\\ gf] sfkLdf n]Vg'xf;] \\ M ;fdfGo ck0\" f{ k\"0f{ cEo:t c1ft uof] hf“b} lyof] uPsf] lyof] hfGYof] uP5 vn] ]“ v]Nb} lyP“ vn] ]sf] lyP“ vN] y“] v]n5] ' cfO{ cfp“b} lyO{ cfPsL lyO{ cfpy“ L cfO5 xf:“ of“} xf:“ b} lyof}“ xf;“ s] f lyof“} xf“:Yof}“ xf;“ 5] f“} (= tnsf ‘s’ / ‘v’ ;dx\" sf lardf hf8] f ldnfpg'xf;] \\ M ;d\"x -s_ ;dx\" -v_ s0fs{ fGtn] cfk\\mgf] ;d:ofnfO{ cl3 ;f/5] . cEo:t et\" xnL xnf] hf]Tb} lyof] . ;fdfGo et\" d/] f ;kgf slxNo} v/] hfbg} . ck0\" f{ e\"t s]6fs]6L skbL{ v]Ny] . k\"0f{ et\" lxhf] ljBfno v'n]sf] lyof] . c1ft e\"t !)= ‘cfp’ wftn' fO{ ko| f]u u//] et\" sfnsf ;a} kIfdf Ps÷Ps cf]6f jfSo n]Vgx' f];\\ M !!= sfi] 7df lbOPsf ;ª\\s]tsf cfwf/df tnsf vfnL 7fp“ eg'{xf;] \\ M Ps hgf kh' f/L ;w“} dlGb/ ============= -hf, cEo:t et\" _ . af6fdf p;n] sfO] nLsf] ;d' w/' :j/ ============= -;g' \\, c1ft e\"t_ . dlGb/df tLy{ofqLx¿ kh\" f ============== -u/\\, ck0\" f{ e\"t_ . kh' f/Ln] pgLx¿nfO{ km\" n / k;| fb ============= -lb, ;fdfGo et\" _ . tLyo{ fqLx¿ v;' L =============== -x', c1ft e\"t_ . pgLx¿n] k|z:t ld7fO{ ============= -Nofp, k\"0f{ et\" _ . pgLx¿n] tL ;a} ld7fO{ ToxL dlGb/df g} ============= -r9\\, ;fdfGo e\"t_ . !@= e\"t sfnsf ;a} kIf ko| fu] u/L cfkm\"n] e|d0f u/s] f] s'g} 7fp“sf] j0fg{ ugx{' f;] \\ . l;h{gfTds sfo{ != tkfO“n{ ] ;g' ]sf] s'g} Pp6f nfs] syf l;nl;nf ldnfP/ nV] gx' f];\\ / sIffdf ;'gfpg'xf];\\ . @= cfÇgf cfdfaa' f cyjf xh/' cfdf, xh/' aa' f cyjf hi] 7 gful/saf6 nfs] syf ;g' L sIffdf ;g' fpgx' f;] \\ . g]kfnL M sIff ( 11

kf7 @ ofqf ;'? u/f“} – b'a;' Ifq] L gk] fnL M sIff ( != ;dosf] Pp6f nfdf] em/Lkl5 aNn 3fd pbfPsf] 5 laxfg ePsf] 5, ca xfdLn] xfd|f] ofqf ;'? ug{'k5{ kfgL yfldPsf] 5, ca xfdLn] xfdf| ] cf/fx] 0fsf] yfngL ugk{' 5{ cf:yfsf] 6'sL afNg'k5{, ca xfdLn] pHofnf] 5g{'k5{ df};d j;Gtsf] 5, ca xfdLn] uLt u'Ghfpg'k5{ kmjm| s] f 5g\\ u/' f“;x¿, ca xfdLn] dfnfx¿ pGg'k5{ . @= gfRbfgfRb} hxf“ /fs] s] f lyof“} ;f/] 7Lsf] tfn ToxLa“ f6 rfNb} Pp6} rfnsf tLg sf]6L kfOnf ;xcl:tTjsf] ofqf ;?' u/f}“ /Dbf/Db} /fb] Lsf] /Gsfd] f 56' ]sf lyof}“ hxf“ ToxL rft} f/Laf6 ;xdltsf] ofqf ;?' u/f}“ kx]“nk'/ wfg vlnofgdf /fv]/ df3Lsf] GjfuL vfb“ } :jfjnDagsf] gof“ ofqf ;'? u/f“} 3D' b} ljjfx k~rdLsf] dn] f klv“{b} lyof}“ hxf“ dw];sf] kljq 57 / ToxL“ hfgsL df6fsf] rGbg nufp“b} ;lxi0ft' fsf] ofqf ;'? u/f}“ ufp“bf ufpb“ } hxf“ /fs] s] f lyof“} ;n] f]sf] efsf ToxLa“ f6 ufpb“ } aGwT' jsf] uLt pHofnf]sf] ofqf ;'? u/f}“ dgfp“b} Nxf];f/ hxf“ kH' b} lyof}“ lxdfnnfO{ dfg]/ bj] tf zAbfy{ cf/fx] 0f M dfly r9\\g] sfd ;f]/7L M u'?ª, du/ cflb hfltdf k|rlnt uLltgf6\\osf] Ps e]b /fb] L M u?' ª hfltdf k|rlnt uLt vlnofg M vnf] df3L M yf¿ hfltn] dgfpg] rf8 57 M t/fO{ If]qdf dgfOg] kj{ ;n] f] M tfdfª, zk] f{ cflbsf] nfs] uLt 12

ToxL cfsfz 5'g] lxdfnnfO{ ;fIfL /fv]/ 13 ;xsfos{ f] ofqf ;?' u/f}“ hKb} uf}/f hxf“ gfrs] f lyof}“ b]p8f ToxL s0ffn{ Lsf] dx' fglg/ pleP/ gjlgdf0{ fsf] ofqf ;?' u/f}“ vfH] b} zflGtsf bO' { ;Dafw] L cfv“ f hxf“ xfdL nfn] fPsf lyof}“ p8fpb“ } zflGtsf ;t] f k/j] fx¿ ltg} ;Dos cfv“ faf6 zflGtsf] ofqf ;?' u/f}“ #= efSb} cf:yfsf] cf/tL hxf“ xfdL cgfof; Aol“' emPsf lyof“} ToxL uD' af, dlGb/, dl:hb / luhf{3/sf] kf| ª\\u0faf6 ;xwd{sf] ofqf ;'? u/f“} hxf“ ltdL / xfdLn] xftd] fnf] u/]/ cf/De u/]sf lyof“} PsLs/0fsf] ofqf sfi7d08ksf] ToxL bj] naf6 lwd] ahfpb“ } gjPstfsf] ofqf ;?' u/f}“ ;f“em k/]/ af; a;s] f lyof}“ hxf“ gfDrs] f] km]bLdf ToxL kmb] Laf6 ;u/dfyf lzv/sf] ofqf ;?' u/f“} . $= ;dosf] Pp6f lg:k66\\ cGwsf/ xfdLn] lrl/;s]sf 5f}“ ca Pp6f gof“ hLjg ;'? u/f“} hxf“af6 xfdL ysfg /f]k]/ efu]sf lyof}“ ca Pp6f gof“ ofqf ;'? u/f}“ ToxL“af6 hxf“ xfdLn] sx] L If0f lj>fd u/]sf lyof}“ /fi6« gjlgdf0{ fsf] ofqf ;?' u/f}“ ToxL“af6 hxf“ xfdLn] zflGt / ;d[l4sf ;kgfx¿ ;hfPsf lyof}“ . zAbfy{ Nxf;] f/ M tfdfª, z]kf{, u?' ªsf] gof“ jif{ uf/} f M 8f6] L, 88n] w/' flt/ dgfOg] kj{ bp] 8f M ;b' \"/klZrdlt/sf] k/Dk/fut uLt÷gT[ o ;Dos M /fdf| ,] ;G' b/ lwd] M gj] f/ hfltdf kr| lnt gfr÷uLt gk] fnL M sIff (

cEof; ;g' fO != sljtfsf] klxnf] uBf+z ;'gL df}lvs pQ/ lbgx' f];\\ M -s_ ;dosf] nfdf] em/L eg]sf] s] xf] < -v_ xfdLn] xfd|f] ofqf lsg ;?' ug{'k5{ < -u_ pHofnf] s;/L 5g{ ;lsG5 < -3_ slj s:tf] df};ddf uLt uG' hfpg rfxG5g\\ < @= sljtfsf] bf];|f] uBf+z ;'Gg'xf];\\ / Toxf“ pNn]v ePsf ;f+:s[lts gfr jf kj{sf] gfd eGg'xf];\\ . #= sljtfsf] t];f| ] uBfz+ ;'gL To;df eGg vfl] hPsf] ljrf/nfO{ sIffdf ;g' fpgx' f;] \\ . $= sljtfsf] rfy} f] uBf+zsf] >'ltn]vg ugx'{ f];\\ . afn] fO != tnsf zAbx¿ pbfx/0fdf b]vfP h:t} u/L l7s pRrf/0f ug'{xf];\\ / ltgLx¿nfO{ pRrf/0fcg';f/ g} sfkLdf nV] g'xf;] \\ M h:t} M pRrf/0f÷pr\\=rf=/g\\ cf/fx] 0f, emfS] sf, rlst, lg:k6\\6, k|fªu\\ 0f, ;lxi0f'tf @= tnsf zAbnfO{ jfSodf ko| f]u ugx{' f;] \\ M b]p/fnL, 6s' L, /f]bL, lwd,] b]p8f, ;n] f] #= tkfO“{ cfkmn\" ] cfhb} l] v ;?' ug{ ;Sg] sg' } bO' { ;sf/fTds sfdx¿ sIffdf ;g' fpgx' f;] \\ M h:t} M cfh;Dd d}n] cfkm\\ gf] n'uf cfkm“} wf]Psf] 5g} . d of] sfd cfha} f6 ;?' u5'{ . $= zflGt / ;dl[ 4sf ;kgfx¿ s:tf x'g ;S5g\\ < cfk\\mgf] ljrf/ sIffdf ;g' fpgx' f;] \\ . %= kf7sf] ;'?sf ;ft x/kmaf6 bL3{ O{sf/ nfu]sf s'g} kf“r cf]6f zAb l6kL ltgnfO{ j0ffg{ j' m| dcg';f/ /fVg'xf;] \\ M 14 g]kfnL M sIff (

^= sf]i7saf6 ldNbf] zAb 5fgL vfnL 7fp“ e/L sIffdf ;g' fpgx' f];\\ M -s_ ‘cgfof;’ zAbsf] kofo{ jfrL zAb ============================= xf] . -PsfPs, cf}wL, PSn_} -v_ ‘/x/’ / ‘em/L’ ======================= zAb xg' \\ . -kof{ojfrL, cg]sfyL{, >l' t;dleGgfy{s_ -u_ ‘cf/De’ sf] ljk/Ltfys{ zAb =============================== xf] . -k|f/De, ljnDj, cGTo_ -3_ ‘;a’ / ‘zj’ ========================= zAb xg' \\ . -kof{ojfrL, cg]sfys{ , >l' t;dleGgfys{ _ -ª_ =============================sf] ;fgf] a'emfpg] zAb ‘6'sL’ xf] . -c“Wof/f], pHofnf,] aQL_ k9fO != ult, olt / no ldnfO{ sljtf jfrg ugx'{ f];\\ . @= sljtfsf] dfg} k7g u/L ;fl] wPsf kZ| gx¿sf] ;ªl\\ IfKt pQ/ lbgx' f;] \\ M -s_ s:tf] ofqf ;?' ug{sf nflu sljn] cfx\\jfg u/]sf 5g\\ < -v_ ofqf ;?' ug{sf nflu ;do lsg cg's\"n 5 < -u_ xfdLn] ;hfPsf ;kgf s] s] xg' \\ < -3_ o; sljtfn] s] s:tf ;sf/fTds ;Gbz] x¿ lbg vfh] ]sf] 5 < -ª_ g]kfn ax';f+:s[lts ;Dkbfn] el/k\"0f{ b]z xf] eGg] sygnfO{ sljtfsf cfwf/df :ki6 kfg{'xf];\\ . #= sljtfsf] bf];f| ] uBfz+ df tn lbOPsf ljleGg ofqfx¿ pNnv] ul/Psf] kfOG5 . tL ofqfx¿sf] cy{ sljtf k9]sf cfwf/df n]Vgx' f];\\ M ;xcl:tTjsf] ofqf, ;xdltsf] ofqf, :jfjnDagsf] gof“ ofqf, ;lxi0ft' fsf] ofqf, pHofnfs] f] ofqf, ;xsfos{ f] ofqf, gjlgdf0{ fsf] ofqf, ;xwds{ f] ofqf, ;u/dfyf lzv/sf] ofqf, /fi6« lgdf0fs{ f] ofqf $= sljtf k9]sf cfwf/df ‘cfzfjfbL aGgk' 5’{ eGg] ljifodf Pp6f cgR' 5b] nV] gx' f;] \\ . n]vfO != tnsf k|Zgsf] pQ/ nV] gx' f];\\ M -s_ sljn] sljtfdf dfnf pGg] k;| ª\\u lsg pNn]v u/]sf x'g\\ < -v_ ;lxi0ft' fsf] ofqf ;?' ug{ Wofg lbgk' g{] kIf s] s] xg' \\ < -u_ Pstfsf] ofqf sljn] sxfa“ f6 s;/L ;?' ug{ eg]sf 5g\\ < g]kfnL M sIff ( 15

-3_ gof“ ofqf ;?' ug{ sljn] lsg cfx\\jfg u/]sf 5g\\ < -ª_ ofqf ;'? u/f}“ sljtfsf] d\"n efj s] xf] < @= sljtfsf] k|To]s uBf+zsf] cfzo nV] gx' f];\\ . #= ;k;| ªu\\ JofVof ug{x' f];\\ M -s_ ca Pp6f gof“ hLjg ;?' u/f}“ hxfa“ f6 xfdL ysfg /f]k/] efu]sf lyof}“ . -v_ /fi6« gjlgdf0{ fsf] ofqf ;?' u/f}“ ToxL“af6 hxf“ xfdLn] zflGt / ;dl[ 4sf ;kgfx¿ ;hfPsf lyof}“ . $= sljtfdf s] s:tf ofqf u/]/ b]zsf] gjlgdf0{ f ugk{' 5{ elgPsf] 5, :ki6 kfg'{xf;] \\ . Jofs/0f != pko'St n]Vo lrxg\\ x¿ /fvL k'gn]v{ g ug{x' f];\\ M p;n] dnfO{ eGof] x] efO ltdL t Hofb} cN5L /x5] f} dn} ] cfkm\\gf] Joyf atfp“b} eg“] xfO] g bfO lxhfc] fh dnfO{ ;Grf] 5}g . @= tnsf] cgR' 5b] k9L /]vfªl\\ st zAbdWo] gfd / ljzi] f0fsf] cnu cnu ;\"rL agfpg'xf];\\ M t/fO{df a:g] ul/a uf]kfnn] Pp6f ufO{ lsGof] . p;n] /fd|f] vfg]s/' f v'jfof] . To;af6 w]/} af5faf5L hGd] . ufO{x¿sf] 7n' f] ayfg aGof] . tL ufOx{ ¿sf] z4' bw' ar] /] p;n] k|z:t cfDbfgL u¥of] . p;sf] ljz]if k9fO lyPg . jf:tjdf clws Odfgbf/L g} p;sf nflu pko'St /fh] uf/Lsf] ke| fjsf/L dfWod aGg k'Uof] . h'g;'s} sfd u/]/ klg o; ;dfhdf ;lhn} afR“ g ;lsG5 eGg] c;n lzIff p;af6 lng ;lsG5 . uf]kfnsf] 7n' f] bfh' /d]zn] eg] cgs] tflnd lnP/ klg s]xL k];f u/s] f] lyPg . cN5L :jefjsf] Tof] /d]z l/;fxf k|j[lQsf] klg lyof] . p;sf] d'Vo ;fv] g} /ftf] ;6{, ;t] f] kfOG6 / sfnf] r:df nufP/ ahf/ 3'Dg' dfq lyof] . p;nfO{ hlxn] klg cflys{ ;ª\\s6 dfq kYof]{ . Pslbg crfgs p;n] efOn] h:t} s'g} gof“ sfd u//] w]/} pGglt ug]{ ljrf/ u¥of] . efOn] klg pGgt hftsf afv|f kfn/] /fdf| ] ku| lt ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] pko'St ;Nnfx lbof] . p;n] bfOnfO{ sx] L cflys{ ;xof]u klg u¥of] . ;'?df tLg cf]6f afvf| kfns] f] /dz] sf] clxn] uGbf la; afv|fx¿ eO;s] . lxhfc] fh ufpd“ f pm hfGg] a'em\\g] afvf| kfns ePsf] 5 . dx] gtL dfG5]nfO{ slxn] b'Mv x'G5 / < 16 gk] fnL M sIff (

@= ljzi] f0f zAbnfO{ s;/L lrGg ;lsG5 < tflnsfsf cfwf/df 5nkmn ugx'{ f;] \\ . kZ| g hjfkm s:tf] < sfnf,] ;f]emf], nf]eL, /ftf,] u'lnof,] Psf]xf]/f,] gof“, wgL, c;n cflb s:tL < hfg] a'em]sL, uf]/L, dx] gtL, cN5L, df6] L, u0' fjtL, ;xgzLn, bofn' cflb s'g < Tof], of], tL, pxL, ;ftf},“ klxnf,] sfG5f], dflxnf], kfZrfTo cflb sqf] < cUnf], xf]rf,] Toqf], oqf], ;fgf], 7'nf], ljzfn cflb slt < ;a}, w]/,} clnslt, cfwf, cf7, w/] }, yf]/,} Tolt, olt cflb #= kf7df k|of]u ePsf dWo kfr“ kfr“ cf6] f gfd / ljzi] f0f zAbx¿ vf]h/] nV] g'xf;] \\ M $= pko{'St ljz]if0f zAbx¿ ko| f]u u/L b; jfSodf ;fyLsf] aofg ug{'xf];\\ . l;hg{ fTds cEof; ‘d/] f] ufp’“ zLifs{ df Pp6f sljtf /rgf u/L sIffdf ;'gfpgx' f];\\. g]kfnL M sIff ( 17

kf7 # ;ª\\uLt1 /fdz/0f bgf{n != snfsf ljleGg eb] dWo] ;ªu\\ Lt klg Ps xf] . sljtf, syf jf lrqsnf h:t} ;ªu\\ Lt snfnfO{ cfÇgf] ;fwgf agfP/ kl/lrt x'g] kl| tef ;+;f/el/ 5g\\ . /fdz/0f bgfn{ klg ;ªu\\ Lt snf / To;sf ;fwgfsf dfWodaf6 g]kfnL snf hut\\df cfÇgf] kl/ro agfpg ;kmn k|ltef x'g\\ . sf7df8fs}“ f] sfnwf/fdf lj= ;=+ !(($ c;f/ @& uts] f lbg lgDgjuL{o kl/jf/df pgsf] hGd ePsf] xf] . lktf ;Tosd' f/ bgfn{ / dftf lbnsd' f/Lsf] dfOnf ;Gtfgsf ¿kdf pgL hlGdPsf lyP . cfkm\\ gL cfdfsf tkm{ af6 Ps / ljdftfsf tkm{ af6 Ps u/L pgsf bO' { hgf efOx¿ /xs] f 5g\\ . tTsfnLg cj:yfdf >dhLjL kl/jf/df hGd]/ bng / cjxn] gflar af“r/] k|ult ug{ ufx|f] lyof] . pgn] cfÇgf] ;ª\\uLt ;fwgfnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbP . ToxL cys ;fwgfn] pgL g]kfnL ;ª\\uLt hut\\df kl| ;4 ag] . @= /fdz/0fsf lktf g]kfnL ;g] fsf] AofG8sf gfOs] lyP . ;a}n] pgnfO{ ‘xjNbf/ dh] /’ eg/] lrGy] . pgL hflu/af6 lgj[Q ePkl5 kl/jf/sf] cflys{ cj:yf emg\\ hh{/ aGg kU' of] . pSt cj:yfaf6 qf0f kfpgsf nflu pgL sfdsf] vf]hLdf ljbz] uP . nuQ} Ps jifk{ l5 g} kms]{/ cfO{ pgL km] l/ k'Vof{n} L k;] f -afhf ahfpg] sfd_ u//] uh' f/f ug{ nfu] . ptf pgsf] Pp6f ePsf] 3/ klg lj= ;+= !(() sf] es\" Dkn] rls{Psf] lyof] . o; ljifd cj:yfs} lar /fdz/0fsf] afNosfn lats] f] lyof] . #= /fdz/0f ;fgfdf lgs} /f]uL lyP . x/s] ;do pgnfO{ Pp6f g Pp6f /fu] n] ;tfO/xs] } xG' Yof] . hGds] f] s]xL dlxgfdfg} pgsf] gfssf] 8f8“ Ldf vl6/f cfPsf] lyof] . Tof] vl6/f] ;ª\\u|flnPkl5 dg]{ 7fg]/ pgnfO{ cfu“ gdf ;'tfOPsf] lyof] . Toltan] } leIff6gdf cfPsL Pp6L dlxnf ofu] Ln] ;f] s/' fsf] hfgsf/L kfOg\\ . pgn] sf“8fn] ;f] vl6/f] km' 6fpg] ;Nnfx lbOg\\ . vl6/f] k'm6fPkl5 lkk lgSn/] gfssf] 8f8“ L g} efl;of] . 3/L hs' fn] ;tfpg,] 3/L zAbfy{ ljdftf M ;f}t]gL cfdf lgjQ[ M ;]jfdS' t qf0f M ;xf/f gfssf] 8f“8L M bO' { cf6] f cfv“ fsf larsf] 8f“8f] h:tf] k/]sf] efu, r:df c8\\ofpg] 7fp“ leIff6g M leIff dfUb} lx“8\\g] sfd 18 gk] fnL M sIff (

cfp“n] ;tfpg] ePkl5 aNn afr“ ]sf] Pp6} dfq ;GtfgnfO{ s;/L hfu] fpg] eGg] lrGtfn] pgsL cfdfnfO{ ;w“} ;tfO/xGYof] . Tolta]nf ;dfhdf ljjfx ul/lbPkl5 /fu] Lsf] /fu] lgsf] xG' 5 eGg] cGwljZjf; lyof] . o;}n] P3f/ jifs{ } pd]/df pgsf] ljjfx gf} jifs{ L xl/dfof;u“ eof] . $= /fdz/0fsf] lzIff/De eg] km/s lsl;dn] ePsf] lyof] . pgn] sv/faf6 geP/ ;f/u] daf6 lzIffsf] cf/De u/s] f lyP . pgL cfk\\mgf 3/df k|foM alh/xg] 6«Dk]6, sg]{6 / cUofg{ sf] ;'dw'/ Wjlgaf6 afNosfnb]lv g} ke| fljt lyP . o;n} ] ltg} afhfaf6 lzIff/De ug{ pgnfO{ ;xh ePsf] lyof] . pgL P3f/ jifs{ } pd]/df tL afhf ahfpg ;Sg] eO;ss] f lyP . afhf ahfpg] sfd;u“ } k9fOsf] sfo{nfO{ klg j|mdzM cl3 a9fpb“ } nu] . 3/df cfk\\mgf lktfsf ;ª\\sngdf /x]sf k:' tsn] la:tf/} la:tf/} pgnfO{ cWoogdf klg ?lr hufOlbPsf lyP . pSt ;ª\\sngdf Tolt w]/} k':ts geP klg pgsf nflu ?lr hufpgsf nflu tL kofK{ t lyP . pgsf lktf k:' ts ;ªs\\ ngdf ?lr /fVy] . o;n} ] ahf/df gof“ k:' ts bv] k] l5 lslgxfNy] . /fdz/0fnfO{ ;fgf] 5b“ f nfnlx/f, rf/ /ªsf df5f, zldi{ 7f, xfQLdtfO{ h:tf k:' ts dg ky{] . ltgsf cltl/St pgsf 3/df /fdfo0f, dxfef/t, uLtf, r08L cflbsf gk] fnL cg'jfb;dt] lyP . ki' s/ zdz/] n] ;Dkfbg u/s] f] cª\\u|h] L gk] fnL zAbsf]z klg 3/d} f lyof] . dg' fdbg t clwsf+z ;fIf/ gk] fnLsf 3/df x'GYof] g} . o;n} ] pgsf 3/df klg gxg' ] s/' } ePg . o;/L lktfsf] k9fOk|ltsf] ?lrsf sf/0f pgdf klg ;fgb} ]lv k9\\g] OR5f hfu[t ePsf] lyof] . %= hLljsfk] fhg{ df g} sl7gfO ePkl5 bgfn{ sf lktfn] cfkm\\ gf ;Gtfgsf] lzIffbLIffnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg ;ss] f lyPgg\\ . ljkGgtfdf afNosfn uh' f/]sf /fdz/0fn] ljBfnosf] zN' s;d]t ltg{ ;sg] g\\ . sx] L ;do t pgn] kV' ofn{} L k;] f u//] klg ljBfnosf] zN' s ltg{] ka| Gw ldnfP . o;/L klg wfGg ;Dej gePkl5 pgn] b/af/ :sn' df k9\\bfk9b\\ } k9fOaf6 xft w'g'k¥of] . kmn:j¿k slxn] cfk\\mgf] 3/ sfnwf/f, slxn] sf7df8f}“s} ynL / uf]s0f{sf] dfdf3/df pgsf] afNosfn laTof] . kl5 pgn] dfjnL sfsf hhL{ Aofª\\S; -O;fO{ wd{ u|x0f ug'{eGbf cl3sf] gfd k:' sn a'9flkyL_{ sf 3/df a;/] bflhl{ nªsf] ;]G6 /f]a6{;\\ xfO:s'ndf b'O{ jifh{ lt cWoog u/] . pgnfO{ k|jl] zsf;Ddsf] cWoog ug]{ df}sf t ldNof] t/ To;sf] zl} Ifs kd| f0fkq kf| Kt ug]{ cj;/ eg] ldn]g . pgn] b; sIff;Ddsf] dfq cf}krfl/s lzIff xfl;n u/] . ^= afns sfnb]lv g} ljleGg afhf ahfpg l;ss] f bgfn{ n] snsQfdf klg To;d} f cEof; a9fpg kfP . Toxf“ pgn] lutf/, dG] 8fl] ng / xjfO{ lutf/ l;Sg] cj;/ kfP . pgn] dgf]xl/ zAbfy{ jGbgf M kf| yg{ f ;f/u] d M ;ª\\uLt cEof; ug{] k|f/lDes ;q\" hLljsf]kfhg{ M hLjg lgjf{xsf nflu ul/g] cfhg{ dG] 8fl] ng M rf/ jf kf“r hf8] L tf/ xg' ], ulx/f] ufn] L t'Daf x'g] / ahfOg] Ps k|sf/sf] jfB oGq g]kfnL M sIff ( 19

l;+x;“u d]G8fl] ng l;s]sf lyP . pgn] sf7df8fd}“ f sfsf hhL{ AofªS\\ ;af6 lkofgf] Psl8o{ g ahfpg l;s] . bflhl{ nªdf k9\\bf 6D« k6] l;s] . gk] fn Ps8] ]dLdf hflu/] ePkl5 pgn] cfkm\" n] l;s]sf k/' fgf s'/fnfO{ kl/dfh{g ug{] cj;/ kf| Kt u/] . Toxf“ pgn] ;ª\\uLtnfO{ ;flxTo / gf6s;u“ hf]8\\g] df}sf klg kfP . o;sf nflu pgn] gf6ssf/ afnsi[ 0f ;d, slj dfwj l3ld/,] ;ª\\uLt ;fwsx¿ o1/fh zdf{ / g//fh 9sfnaf6 k|]/0ff / ke| fj ux| 0f u/] . &= /fdz/0f ;fg} pd/] df g} cyf]{kfhg{ sf af/d] f ;fR] g afWo eP . pgn] hLjgdf w]/} g} cflys{ ;ª3\\ if{ ug'{k/]sf] lyof] . ljbz] df uO{ k};f sdfpg] cfzfn] pgL ef/tsf] nfx/' ] klg ag] . sfsf aaL AofªS\\ ; snsQfdf g} /x]sfn] pgnfO{ sfd vfH] g sl7g ePg . Toxf“ pgn] afhf ahfpg] sfd kfP . pgL cfkm\\ gf] kfl/>ldsaf6 art u/s] f] k;} f 3/df k7fpy“ ] . snsQfaf6 kms{k] l5 pgn] /l] 8of] gk] fndf /]sl8ª{ sf] sfd kfP . Toxf“ pgn] hflu/] geO{ cfjZos k/s] f ;dodf aflx/}af6 ;3fpg] ;xofu] Lsf ¿kdf dfq sfd u/] . lj= ;+= @)!^ ;fndf pgn] tTsfnLg gk] fn Ps]8d] L -xfnsf] g]kfn k|1f kl| ti7fg_ df gf6] ;] gsf/sf ¿kdf hflu/ kf| /De u/] . To;a]nf pgsf] pd/] @@ jif{sf] lyof] . Toxf“ pgn] ljleGg kbdf /x/] sfd u/] . hflu/sf clGtd lbglt/ pgL tTsfnLg snf ljefusf] ;xfos ;lrj / jfB k|aGws ag]sf lyP . *= /fdz/0f hGdg'eGbf rf/ jif{cufl8 g} rls{Psf] 3/df pgsf] kl/jf/ a:g afWo lyof] . pgn] gof“ 3/ agfpg] s/' f t k/} hfcf];\\, cfly{s cefjn] ubf{ To;sf] dd{t;dt] ug{ ;s]sf lyPgg\\ . pgn] jif{ lbgcl3 g} Ps8] ]dLdf 3/ dd{t ugs{ f nflu k:] sL /sd dfus] f lyP t/ k|zf;lgs emd]nfsf sf/0fn] ;dodf k};f kfpg ;sg] g\\ . lj= ;+= @)@% ;fnsf] b;“}kl5 k/s] f] clj/n jiff{n] pgsf] 3/ uNofd{ un' {d' 9Nof] . To;tfsf pgnfO{ Pskl5 csf{] u/L lgs} rf]6 k¥of] . 3/ eTsb“ f r]lkP/ pgsL cfdfsf] lgwg;d]t eof] . pgn] Ps8] d] Ldf k:] sL dfus] f] /sd Psr} fl] 6 pgsL cfdfsf] >f4kl5 dfq kf| Kt eof] . oL cf3ftdfly lj= ;=+ @)@* ;fndf pgLdfly km] l/ csf]{ cf3ft ylkof] . pgnfO{ lagf s;'/ Ps]8d] Lsf] ;j] faf6 cjsfz lbOof] . (= bgf{nn] n]Vg] sfd kmf6\\6k'm66\\ t ul//xs] } lyP . lj= ;=+ @)@% ;fnsf] b3' {6gfn] pgsf] hLjgnfO{ csl{} t/ dfl] 8lbof] . 3/ eTsb“ f ;f/f dN\" ojfg\\ afhf gi6 eP . AofG8 ;~rfng klg zAbfy{ gk] fnL M sIff ( lkofgf] Psl8{og M xfd{l] god h:tf] Ps ks| f/sf] kfZrfTo afhf tTsfnLg M Toltv]/sf] k]:sL M clu|d ¿kdf lnOg] kfl/>lds cf3ft M dfgl;s si6 jf Joyf 20

aGb eof] . o;kl5 pgn] afhf ahfpg] k;] fnfO{ Tofu] . pgn] ;ª\\uLt snf ljifodf cWoog cg';Gwfg ug]{ ;ªs\\ Nk u/] . hLjgsf] ljs6 df8] df kf| /De u/]sf] o; ofqfdf pgnfO{ sx] L snfsf/ / ;ª\\uLt1sf] xf;} nf klg k|fKt eof] . lj= ;+= @)@% ;fndf jgf/;af6 ks| flzt xg' ] u/]sf] ‘;“ufnf’] eGg] klqsfdf ‘gk] fnL ;+:sl[ tdf afhfsf] :yfg’ zLifs{ df pgsf] klxnf] /rgf ks| flzt eof] . To;kl5 cGo kqklqsfdf klg pgsf ;ªu\\ Lt ;DaGwL nv] /rgf 5flkg yfn] . pgL la:tf/} n]vssf ¿kdf lrlgg yfn] . gk] fnsf d'Vo klqsf, hgn{ cflbdf n]vx¿sf] dfu xg' yfn]kl5 n]vgdf ;ljm| o x'g pgnfO{ s/} nfUof] . ;ª\\uLt ljifos n]vkl5 snf / nfs] ;flxTosf ljifodf klg pgsf n]vx¿sf] ks| fzg kf| /De eof] . ;flxTosf af/]df ;d]t klg pgsf s]xL nv] x¿ k|sflzt 5g\\ . ltg} km' 6s/ n]vx¿sf] ;u“ fnfsf ¿kdf pgsf] k:' ts k|sfzgsf] j|md klg k|f/De eof] . o; j|mddf pgsf ;ª\\uLt kl/jm| df, g]kfnL ;ªu\\ Lt ;fws, ;ªu\\ Ltsf] lj:t[t cjnf]sg, g]kfnL afuLgf / snf, g]kfnL afhf, ufog zn} Lnufotsf k:' ts ks| flzt 5g\\ . pgsf sx] L kf08l' nlksf] ks| fzg xg' cem} afs“ L g} 5 . :jf:Yon] ;fy glbPsfn] g]kfnL ;ªu\\ Lt sf]z / gk] fnL ;ªu\\ Ltsf] Oltxf; tof/ ug{] of]hgf eg] pgsf] ;kgfd} lanfof] . !)= bgf{n klxnf g]kfn Ps]8d] Lsf] Pp6f hflu/]sf ¿kdf ;Lldt lyP . hflu/af6 cjsfz k|fKt u/]kl5 eg] pgsf] Jofks ;fdflhs hLjgsf] k|f/De eof] . o;kl5 pgnfO{ kf| 1 ;efdf dgfg] og ul/of] . pgL lqe'jg ljZjljBfnosf] ;ªu\\ Lt ljifo ;ldltsf] ;b:o ag] . ;f]xL jm| ddf gf/fo0f uf]kfn o'jf ;ªu\\ Lt sf]z, g]kfnL lzIff kl/ifb,\\ l5Ggntf uLt k/' :sf/ u'7L, n\"gs/0fbf; uª\\ufb]jL rfw} /L ;flxTo snf dlGb/ cflbsf klg ;b:o ag] . ;fy} pgL ;f+:sl[ ts ;+jwg{ ;ldlt -Do'lhs gk] fn_, g]kfn zf:qLo ;dfh, snflglw OlGb/f ;ª\\uLt dxfljBfno, nfs] afhf ;ª\\u|xfno, g]kfn blnt ;flxTo tyf ;:+ sl[ t k|lti7fg, blnt al' 4hLjL kl| ti7fg, la;] gurL{ k|lti7fg cflbsf ;Nnfxsf/ klg ag] . !!= g]kfnsf nfs] uLt / nf]safhf To;} x/fP/ hfnfg\\ eg]/ bgf{nn] bz] sf bfrn{' f, 8f]6L, aemfª, afh/' f / c5fd h:tf cgsG6f/ ee\" fudf ;dt] sfd u/] . pgn] nfs] uLt / nfs] afhfnfO{ kl5Nnf] k':tfsf nflu hfu] fP/ /flvlbgk' g{] ;DklQ 7fg] . ToxL sf/0fn] pgL hLjge/ To;d} f ;dlkt{ eP . ;ªu\\ Lts} ;Gbed{ f pgn] ef/t, yfONofG8 / hfkfgsf] klg ed| 0f u/] . pgL xfd|f afhfufhfnfO{ hfu] fpgsf nflu ltgsf] cfwl' gsLs/0f ul/g' cfjZos 7fGy] . pgL xfdf| zAbfy{ 21 ljs6 M cK7]/f], sl7g kf08'lnlk M lnlvt jf 6ªl\\ st n]v /rgf cjsfz M ;/sf/L ;]jf, ;fjh{ lgs hLjg cflbaf6 kfPsf] lj>fd kf| 1 M ljlzi6 ljåfg\\ g]kfnL M sIff (

cfk\\mg} tfn, /fu / :j/sf] dxŒj ga'e]m/ dfq gof“ k:' tf kfZrfTo ;ªu\\ Lttk{m cfslift{ ePsf] 7fGy] . gof“ k:' tfnfO{ tL s'/f a'emfpg ;s]df pgLx¿df cfk\\mg} ;ª\\uLttk{m ?lr a9\\5 eGg] pgsf] ljZjf; lyof] . kl5Nnf] ;dodf ;ª\\uLtsf If]qdf u}/ljz]if1x¿sf] af]njfnf ePsfdf pgL lvGgtf ks| 6 uy{] . pgL dfbnsf] tfnlagf aGbs' sf] gfn klg lkmtnf] x'G5 eGg] 7fGy] . n]vssf af/]df pgL eG5g,\\ æ;f“rf] cy{df n]vs ToxL xf,] hf] k|ltsn\" kl/l:ylt / sl7g cj:yfdf klg cfk\\mgf] nv] gnfO{ lg/Gt/tf k|bfg ul//xG5, cfk\\mgf] ;fwgfaf6 slxNo} ljd'v x“b' }g .Æ pgn] y'k}| uLtsf w'gsf] l;h{gf u/s] f lyP . cfhsf] lbg;Dd klg ;as} f dv' df e'mlG8g ;kmn ‘ufp5“ uLt g]kfnL, Hofl] tsf] kªv\\ prfnL’ uLtsf] wg' sf ;|i6f pgL g} lyP . g]kfnL ;ªu\\ Ltdf lutf/nfO{ leœofpg] sfd klg pgn} ] u/]sf lyP . o;/L kfl/jfl/s jftfj/0fsf] k/|] 0ff:j¿k hfu]sf] ?lr / cfk\\mgf] tk:of Pjd\\ ;dk{0fn] g} pgnfO{ cd/tf k|bfg u¥of] . !@= cefj} cefjsf lardf /x]/ klg pgn] u/]sf] ofu] bfgsf] sb/ ub}{ ljleGg ;ª3\\ ;:+ yfn] bgfn{ nfO{ ;Ddfg kb| fg u/]sf 5g\\ . pgn] 8f= cDa]8s/ k]mnf]l;k -;g\\ !(()_, uf/] vf blIf0fafx' -@)$(_, ls/f“tZ] j/ ;ªu\\ Ltf>d -@)%!_, ;fwgf snf ;Ddfg -@)%@_, snflglw ;ª\\uLt ;Ddfg -@)%#_ nufotsf bh{geGbf a9L ;Ddfg k|fKt u/]sf lyP . logsf cltl/St pgn] /fli6o« kl| tef k/' :sf/ -@)%#_, ng\" s/0fbf; uªu\\ fbj] L rfw} /L k/' :sf/ -@)^@_, hubDaf>L k'/:sf/ -@)^%_ nufotsf /fli6o« k'/:sf/ klg kf| Kt u/]sf lyP . !#= ;/n Jojxf/sf wgL / cys ;ª\\3if{sf Oltxf; /x]sf bgf{nnfO{ klxnf cfly{snufotsf ljleGg ;d:ofn] 3]/] . hLjgsf clGtd jif{x¿lt/ z/L/n] ;fy lbg 5f8o\\ f] . kl5Nnf %÷^ zAbfy{ ljd'v M ljk/Lt lbzftkm{ kms{g,] pN6f] cys M gyfss] f], gyfSg] 22 g]kfnL M sIff (

jif{ pgnfO{ kfls{G;g /fu] n] ;tfof] . Tolt x“'bf klg pgL ;sL g;sL cWoog÷cg';Gwfgdf eg] nflu/x] . kfls{G;gsf sf/0f z/L/n] e/ glb“bf pgL n8]/ ax] f]; eP . pgn] P3f/ lbg;Dd c:ktfndf crt] cj:yfdf d[To;' “u kf7}“ fhf]/L vn] ] . cflv/ d[Tos' f cufl8 hLjgsf] s]xL nfu]g . cfOtaf/sf] Pp6f ;fe“ mnfO{ cem a9L cGwsf/ / g/dfOnf] agfp“b} pgL a]xf;] Ld} &$ jif{sf] pd/] df o; ;+;f/af6 labf eP . Tof] bM' vb\\ cfOtaf/] ;fe“ m @)^* ;fn c;f]h ! uts] f] lyof] . !$= blnt kl/jf/df hlGdPsf sf/0fn] pgn] w/] } ckdfg / bM' v vks] f lyP . pgn] efu] s] f hftLo ckdfgsf s/' f cfhsf dflg;n] t sNkgf;Dd klg ug{ ;Stg} f“} . :yflkt ;flxTosf/;dt] sljtfsf cfj/0fdf pgLdfly hftLo ckdfg ug{ r'St}g lyP . pgL hftLo ckdfg / e]befjsf] o; s'/LltnfO{ ldNsfpg rfxGy] . hfltsf cfwf/df ul/g] cdfgjLo Jojxf/ dfgjtf lj/f]wL sd{ xf] eGg] dfGotf pgsf] lyof] . pgsf lktf ;Tos'df/ blntn] kzk' ltdf kj| z] kfpgk' 5{ eGg] cfGbf]ngsf cleoGtf lyP . hLjgsf] pQ/fw{lt/ /fdz/0fn] hftLo dl' St cleofgcGtut{ cfkm\\ gf ;d'bfosf dflg;x¿nfO{ ;ªu\\ l7t ug{] sfd u/s] f lyP . olt eP/ klg pgsf] d\"n pmhf{ eg] kf| l1s sdt{ k{m g} ;dlkt{ eof] . pgn] cfkm\" nfO{ c;Lldt ;ª3\\ ifs{ f] s;Ldf 3fl] 6Psf] csa/L ;'gsf ¿kdf pEofpg ;kmn eP . pgL cfkm\\ gf s[ltut of]ubfgsf sf/0fn] g]kfnLsf dg dl:tisdf ;bj} hLljt /x]sf 5g\\ . zAbfy{ kfls{G;g M g;f v'lDrg] /fu] kf}7“ fhf]/L M ;ª3\\ if,{ an k|bz{gsf] v]n cEof; ;g' fO != hLjgLsf] bf;] f| ] / kf“rf“} cg'R5b] lzIfs jf sIffsf] sg' } Ps ljBfyLn{ ] jfrg u/s] f] ;'g/] l7s a]l7s 56' o\\ fpgx' f;] \\ M -s_ /fdz/0f g]kfnL ;g] fsf] AofG8sf gfOs] lyP . -v_ /fdz/0fsf lktf sfdsf] vf]hLdf ljb]z uP . -u_ /fdz/0fsf lktf b/af/ xfO:s'ndf k9b\\ } lyP . -3_ /fdz/0fsf] dfdf3/ ynL / uf]s0f{df lyof] . -ª_ /fdz/0fn] kj| ]lzsf k/LIff dfq} pQL0f{ ug{ kfPsf lyP . 23 g]kfnL M sIff (

@= tnsf] kf7 ;'Ggx' f];\\ / pQ/ lbg'xf;] \\ M sfnl' ;x+ /gkxn] L ef/tLo gk] fnL ;flxTosf/ xg' \\ . pgsf lktfkv' f{ gk] fnaf6} /fh] uf/Lsf l;nl;nfdf ef/t k;s] f lyP . sfnl' ;x+ sf] hGd ef/tdf g} ePsf] lyof] . ef/tsf] l;nLu8' Lsf :yfoL afl;Gbf sfn'l;+xn] v;fª{ /]l8of]df lt; jif;{ Dd sfd u/] . clxn] pgL cjsfzsf] hLjg latfO/x]sf 5g\\ . d\"n ¿kdf kqsf/ eP klg pgn] ;flxTosf Ifq] df klg plQs} dxŒjk0\" f{ of]ubfg lbPsf 5g\\ . pgsf] vfl/Psf] sndsf] kl/ro syf / sljtf ljwfdf kfOG5 . -s_ sfnl' ;+x /gkx]nL sf] xg' \\ < -v_ pgnfO{ lsg ef/tLo gk] fnL elgPsf] xf] < -u_ pgsf lktfkv' f{ lsg ef/t k;]sf lyP < -3_ pgsf] dn\" kl/ro s] xf] < -ª_ pgL ;flxTosf s'g s'g ljwfdf lrlgPsf 5g\\ < #= kf7sf] rf}yf] cgR' 5]b >'ltnv] g ug{x' f;] \\ . af]nfO != tnsf zAbx¿ l7s;u“ pRrf/0f ugx{' f];\\ / pbfx/0fdf bv] fP h:t} u/L n]Vg'xf;] \\, h:t} M kof{Kt÷k/=\\ ofk\\=t vl6/f÷] v=l6=/f]= cfly{s, b[li6, pRrf/0f, al' 4hLjL, Joj:yf @= cf}krfl/s lzIff k|fKt gu/]sf] dflg; klg ljåfg\\ aGg ;S5 eGg] ljifodf cfk\\mgf ;fyLx¿sf lardf 5nkmn ug'{xf];\\ . To;af6 k|fKt lgisif{ sIffdf k:| t't ug{'xf;] \\ . #= 3/sf] cfly{s cefjn] k9fOnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg g;ss] f] ljifonfO{ lnP/ sIffsf b'O{ hgf ;fyL ldnL clego;lxt sIffdf s'/fsfgL ugx'{ f;] \\ . $= tkfOs{+“ f jl/kl/ pknAw x'g] afhfsf ljifodf s]xL ab“' f tof/ ug'{xf];\\ / To;s} cfwf/df sIffdf k:| t'lt ug{'xf;] \\ . k9fO != t;] |f] cgR' 5]bnfO{ b't| jfrg ugx'{ f];\\ / ;f] cgR' 5b] k9\\g tkfOn+{“ fO{ slt ;do nfUof], To;sf] x]Ssf /fVgx' f;] \\ . 24 gk] fnL M sIff (

@= ult / oltdf Wofg lbO{ kf7sf] clGtd cg'R5]b ;:j/jfrg ug{'xf;] \\ . #= tnsf] cgR' 5b] k9L ;fl] wPsf kZ| gx¿sf] pQ/ lbgx' f;] \\ M Pp6f dfG5]sf] hLjgdf !@ jif{ ;fx}| 7n' f] sfnv08 xf] . To;dfly klg ;ª\\3if}{ ;ª3\\ if{, cefj} cefjlar lats] f] !@ jif{sf] s'/f leGg} xG' 5 . cfzc} fzfsf] eUg uf]/]6fdf l3l;/| xs] f] ylst lhGbuLsf] dflg;n] /fS] g ;St}g ;dosf] kj| fxnfO{ . xl] nO/xG5 To;df pm rfx]/} jf grfx]/} . ;dosf] j\"m| / k|jfxdf /fhwfgLdf x]lnPkl5sf] gGbnfn;u“ e]6 eof] d]/f] – afUdtL lsgf/sf] a:tL zªv\\ d\"ndf, km/flsnf] rf/} sf] lardf af;“ sf 6s] f nufP/ pEofOPsf] Pp6f sr}+ ] 5fkf| df . kfn h:tf] bl] vg] kmf6s] f 6f6 / Knfl:6s tfgtg' kf/]/ pEofOPsf] lyof] p;sf] af;:yfg . Toxfl“ eq lg:nf6] Hj/f] cfP/ ;l' t/xs] f] lyof] p;sf] 5f/] f] lji0f' . cfv] tL lsGg] k};f geP/ gGbnfn / p;sL >LdtL kjgL /fO] /xs] f lyP . dnfO{ b]vk] l5 la/fdLn] cfkm\\ gf /l;nf cf“vf p7fP/ dlt/ x¥] of] dfgf}“ pm elg/x]sf] lyof,] æxfdL;u“ sx] L klg t 5g} , g k;} f g vfgs] '/f .Æ -6ªs\\ pk|]tL M ‘gGbnfnsf] o'u’ lgaGwaf6_ -s_ gGbnfnsf] !@ jif{ s;/L lats] f] lyof] < -v_ ;dosf] kj| fxdf dflg; s;/L xl] nG5 < -u_ k|:tt' cg'R5]bdf gGbnfnsf] s:tf] cj:yfsf] lrq0f 5 < -3_ gGbnfn / kjgL lsg /f]O/x]sf lyP < -ª_ la/fdLsf cf“vf /l;nf x'g'sf bO' { cf6] f sf/0f s] s] x'g\\ < n]vfO != kf7 k9/] tnsf kZ| gx¿sf] pQ/ nV] gx' f;] \\ M -s_ /fdz/0fsf lktf lsg ljbz] uPsf lyP < -v_ pgsf] kV' of}n{ L k];f s] lyof] < -u_ pgsf] ?lr cWoogdf s;/L hfUof] < -3_ pgsf] :jf:Yo afns sfndf s:tf] lyof] < -ª_ pgsL cfdfsf] lgwg s;/L eof] < -r_ lj= ;=+ @)@* df pgLdfly s:tf] ljkb\\ cfOnfUof] < gk] fnL M sIff ( 25

-5_ gk] fn Ps8] d] Lsf] hflu/n] pgnfO{ s:tf] cj;/ kb| fg u¥of] < -h_ pgn] s] sf/0fn] k;] f kl/jtg{ u/] < -em_ o'jf k':tfdf ;ªu\\ Lttkm{ sf] ?lr s;/L a9fpg ;lsG5 < @= kf7sf] af/f}“ cgR' 5b] af6 d'Vo d'Vo $ cf6] f ab“' f l6kL ;f/f+z nV] g'xf];\\ . #= kf7sf cfwf/df sDtLdf b; cf]6f ljz]if0f zAb /fvL /fdz/0fsf rfl/lqs ljz]iftfx¿ pNn]v ugx{' f;] \\ . $= /fdz/0fsf] hLjgLaf6 l;Sgk' g{] s'/fx¿ s] s] xg' \\ < a'“bfut ¿kdf nV] g'xf];\\ . %= JofVof ug{x' f];\\ M -s_ hfltsf cfwf/df ul/g] cdfgjLo Jojxf/ dfgjtf lj/f]wL sfo{ xf.] -v_ ;fr“ f] cyd{ f nv] s ToxL xf], hf] kl| tsn\" kl/l:ylt / sl7g cj:yfdf klg cfk\\mgf] nv] gnfO{ lg/Gt/tf kb| fg ul//xG5, cfk\\mgf] ;fwgfaf6 slxNo} ljdv' x“'bg} . ^= lgDg lnlvt a'“bfsf cfwf/df ‘;flxTosf/ afnsi[ 0f ;d’ zLif{sdf Pp6f hLjgL tof/ kfgx{' f;] \\ M klxnf] cg'R5b] — lj= ;+= !(%( sf] hGd — hGd :yfg sf7df8f“} — cfdf sLlt{/fHo nIdL — a'af ;d/zdz]/ — j}ejzfnL kl/jf/ — bfh' k'is/zdz]/ — sdhf]/ :jf:Yosf — bfh'nfO{ a9L dfof u/s] fdf afnsi[ 0fnfO{ kL8f af]w . bf;] f| ] cg'R5]b — 3/}df k= ltndfwj b]jsf]6fåf/f lzIff/De — kl5 b/af/ xfO:s'ndf Dofl6s« ;Dd k9]sf — lqrGb| snh] df cfOP:;L ;Ddsf] cWoog — lard} f ;}lgs aGg' k/s] fn] k9fO ck\"0f{ — kl5 To;} sn]hdf kf| Wofkg . t];f| ] cgR' 5b] — 3/d} f /ªu\\ d~r — /f0ff b/af/dWo] ;ae} Gbf pRr:t/sf] /ª\\ud~r pgs} 3/df — Toxf“ gfrufg / gf6s k|bz{g eO/xg] — o;}n] gf6sk|lt pgsf] cfsif{0f — b/af/ :sn' df k9b\\ f ljb]zL ;flxTosf/sf /rgf k9\\g] cj;/ — ;f]xL j|mddf ;]S;lko/sf /rgf k9s] f] — pgs} b'MvfGt gf6saf6 a9L k|efljt — gf6o\\ ;d|f6\\sf] pkflw xfl;n ug{ ;kmn . rfy} f] cg'R5]b — gf6s nV] g] dfq xf]Og — clego klg ug{] — lgbz]{ g klg ug{] — /ª\\ud~rsf] tflnd klg lbg] — To;sf nflu cfjZos kg]{ vr{ klg cfkm} “ Joxf]g{] — gf6ssf Ifq] df pgsf] of]ubfg g/x]sf] eP cfh gk] fnL gf6s / /ªu\\ d~rsf] xl} ;ot oxf“;Dd gcfOk'Ug] . 26 gk] fnL M sIff (

&= nfdf] pQ/ nV] g'xf;] \\ ‘hLjgdf kf| Kt cj;/n] dflg;nfO{ ku| lt dfud{ f 8f¥] ofp5“ ’ eGg] egfOnfO{ /fdz/0f bgfn{ sf] hLjgLsf cfwf/df :ki6 kfgx{' f;] \\ . *= lbOPsf zAb;u“ jfSodf /v] fªl\\ st zAbsf] hf8] f ldnfO{ vfnL 7fp“ egx{' f;] \\ M sdhf]/, ul/aL, 56' \\6L, kl| t1f, dS' t ============================ -s_ pgL hflu/] hLjgaf6 lgj[Q ePkl5 kl/jf/sf] cfly{s cj:yf emg\\ hh/{ aGg k'Uof] . ============================= -v_ o:tf] ljkGgtfdf afNosfn uh' f/s] f /fdz/0fn] ljBfnosf] zN' s;dt] ltg{ ;sg] g\\ . ======================================== -u_ pgn] cWoogdf nfUg] ;ªs\\ Nk u/] . ========================================= -3_ pgnfO{ lagfs;'/ ;j] faf6 cjsfz lbOof] . ========================================= -ª_ dfbnsf] tfnlagf aGbs' sf] gfn klg lkmtnf] x'G5 . Jofs/0f != tnsf pbfx/0f k9/] kb;ªu\\ lt klxrfg ugx'{ f];\\ M lnªu\\ ut kb;ªu\\ lt – alxgL ljBfno uO{ . efOn] syf k9o\\ f] . jrgut kb;ªu\\ lt – Pp6f v;L x/fof] . bO' { cf6] f v;L x/fP . es\" Dk kLl8tx¿ kfndf a;] . k'?ifut kb;ª\\ult – d ljBfno hfG5' . xfdLn] lxhf]sf] klqsf k9\\of}“ . ltdL laxfg slt ah] cfof} < t“ dfdf3/ hfG5;\\ ls hfb“ }g;\\ < d]/L 5f/] Ln] k\"mnaf/L uf8] L . p;sf 5f/] fn] t/sf/L ksfof] . cfb/ut kb;ªu\\ lt – cfdfn] snh] sf] sfd l;Wofpge' of] . aa' f a7} s ;s/] ev/{ cfpge' of] . pgL xfdf| /fd|f ljBfyL{ xg' \\ . t“ klg To:t} /fdf| ] x'g] ko| Tg u/\\ . alxgL t To;} klg ltdLeGbf c;n 5g\\ . @= tnsf] cgR' 5b] df lnªu\\ ut, jrgut, k?' ifut / cfb/ut kb;ª\\ult ldnfpg'xf];\\ M lxhf] d rjm| kydf PSn} lxl“ 8/x]sf] lyP“ . PsfGt sg' flg/ k'Ubf Pp6L j[4 dlxnfn] kfgL a]lr/x]sf] lyof] . ToxL a]nf csf]{ s]6L klg cfof] . p;n] To; dlxnfnfO{ ;xof]u u¥of] . To;kl5 d rf“8} ljBfno k'u]“ . cfh laxfg} xfd|f] ljBfnodf y'k|} dflg; cfof] . tLdWo] ;a}eGbf df6] f] s]6f] cufl8 ;¥of] . kfn] bfOn] klg xQkQ 9f]sf vf]lnlbOg\\ . To;kl5 ;a} dflg; leq k:of] . lxhf] ljBfnosf] Pp6f s6] f] uf8Laf6 v;/] 3fOt] eP5g\\ . gk] fnL M sIff ( 27

To;a} n] f b; sIffsf ljBfyLx{ ¿ klg cfof] . pgLx¿ t ;w“} Dofb gf3k] l5 dfq} kmf/fd ae' mfpg cfp“5f} . ltdL t To;f] ulb{g xf]nf lg < a? ltdLx¿ slxn] cfp5“ ;,\\ klxNo} va/ ul//fv\\ n ¤ ;Ltf ltdLn] oL ;an} fO{ ;dft/] ;dod} n] . tx“ ¿sf] t dnfO{ kTof/} 5}g . d ljBfno uPsf a]nfdf d/] f] 7n' f] dfdf Psflaxfg} d/] f] 3/df cfP5 . cfdf s's'/nfO{ 8n' fpg lg:ss] L lyO{ . aa' f klg 3/df lyPg . efO rflx“ lgbfO{ /fVg'ePsf] lyof] . cfdfeGbf cl3 s's'/ leq k:ge' of] . pgn] dfdfnfO{ bV] gf;fy emlD6xfn] . xNnf ;g' ]/ efO klg Aoe“' mg'eof] . #= kb;ªu\\ lt ldNg] u/L vfnL 7fp“ egx{' f;] \\ M -s_ cfh sIff gf}sf s]6fx¿n] syf ======= . -v_ km' af{ tfdfª sIffsfo{ ug{df lgk0' f ======. -u_ ====== hlt ;a}n] k/LIff lauf/]5g\\ . -3_ =========n] alxgLnfO{ eft vj' fO{ . -ª_ =========== km' 6an v]Nb} 5g\\ . $= pko'St kb;ªu\\ lt ldnfO{ cfkm\\ gf] kl/jf/sf] aofg ug'x{ f;] \\ . kl/of]hgf sfo{ -s_ g]kfndf ko6{ g ljsf;sf] ;Defjgfaf/] ljleGg ;f| t] af6 ;fdu|L ;ª\\sng ugx{' f];\\ . k|fKt ;fduL| sf cfwf/df gk] fnsf] ko6{ g kj| wg{ sf] ;Defjgfsf af/]df cfnv] tof/ ugx'{ f];\\ . -v_ sg' } P]ltxfl;s JolSt jf 36gf;“u ;DalGwt ab“' fx¿ ;ª\\sng ug{'xf;] \\ . ltgsf cfwf/df cfnv] tof/ kf/L sIffdf k:| t't ugx'{ f;] \\ . 28 g]kfnL M sIff (

kf7 $ d sf] x“' < – ;'wf lqkf7L != d t rf/] x '“ lg ¤ tkfOn{“ fO { yfxf 5 ls 5}g < lsg cfkm\\ gf cf“vf 7'nf 7'nf kf//] tGsfpg'ePsf] lg < tkfOn“{ ] dnfO { ;Hhg ;Demge' Psf ] lyof ] xfn] f . o;n} ] kTofpge' Pg . ;å ] dflg;n ] cfkm\" nfO { lagf sfddf rf]/ eGbg} eg]/ tkfO{“n+ ] dnfO { dfgl;s /f]uL t ;Demge' Pg < t/ xg] f]{;,\\ dnfO{ dfgl;s /f]uL rflx“ geGgx' f;] \\ x}, tkfO“s{ f dv' af6 d]/f lglDt Tof ] zAb lg:Sof ] eg] ;To, d gl/;fP t s] ¤ dnfO { tkfOn{“ ] rf]/ eGge' of ] eg] rflx“ d kSs } /dfp5“ ' . d ;f“Rrs} f] rf/] rflx “ x'“, t/ kSsf rf/] aGg rflx“ d}n ] ce}m lgs} jif { rfg] ]{ cEof; hf/L /fVgk' 5{ . tkfOs{“ f cufl8 o;/L rf]/L :jLsf/ ubf{ dnfO{ 7\\ofDd } nfh klg nfus] f] 5g} / tkfO“{n ] of ] s/' f c¿nfO { elglbg ' xf]nf eGg ] 8/ klg nfu]sf] 5}g . d}n ] olt eGbf klg tkfO “{ lsg d/] f ] s/' f kTofpg ;Sg'x'Gg < g9f“6L eGg'xf]; \\ t, tkfO{“n ] leqL dgb]lv g } dnfO { ;Hhg ;Demge' Psf ] 5, xf ] < @= d Odfgbf/ x“ ' ls xf]Og eGg ] s'/f t tkfO{“n] yfxf kfO;Sge' Psf ] 5}g t/ d cfk\"mnfO { Odfgbf/ rf/] agfpg ko| Tg/t 5' . rf/] klg sxL “ Odfgbf/ xG' 5 / ¤ eGg] ts{ lemSgx' fn] f . rf]g' { g} lsg k/]sf] lyof ] < dfu] t eOxfNYof] lg ¤ eGgx' fn] f . d rf]/L ug{ afWo 5 ' . ux' \\o s/' f] t s] eg ] d}n] rf]g {] u/]sf s'/fx¿ t dfu]/ s'g} xfntdf klg kfpg ;lsGg, afWo eP/ rf]g{ } k5 { . rf]g { afWo kfg{] csf{ ] dV' o s/' f] s ] eg ] lg ¤ d c;fWo} ul/a 5', d;u“ tL s'/fx¿ kofK{ t 5g} g \\ . ul/a eg/] dfof u//] s;}n] oxf“ p;sf ] rfxgf klg t kl/kl\" t{ ul/lbb“ g} lg ¤ w]/ } eP bof;Dd unf { . dnfO{ bofdf af“Rg ;s; xG' 5 . #= k]ml/ tkfOn“{ ] dnfO{ t“ tL s/' f grf/] L afR“ g ;Sb} ;lSbg;\\ t < eg/] ;f]lwxfNg'ef ] . d tkfO“n{ fO { 9fl“ 6lbpm“ ls ;fr“ f ] s'/f atfp“m t < eOxfNof] 9f6“ l\\ bg “ . Pp6f s/' f] 9f“6\\bf k]ml/ ;a} s/' f 9f“6s] } 7xnf{ . d ;fr“ f ] s'/f rflx“ eG5' . xg] f;]{ \\, Ps d'7L ;f; hf]ufpg t kzn' ] klg hfgs] } xG' 5 . kzn' ] hlt dfq } af“r/] xfdL dflg;sf] hftnfO{ kU' 5 / < xf], ToxL kzn' ] eGbf clnstf a9L afR“ g dg nfUof ] t/ cfkm\" ;“u yk lhGbuLsf nflu kofK{ t ;fdn lyPg . o;}n] /x/n] egf }“ ls sn] ] egf} “ < rfg] { rflx “ afWo eP/ } rf]g{k' /s] f ] xf] . $= aNn ca rflx“ clnslt v;' L nfUof] dnfO{, lsgeg] ca tkfO“{n] d/] f s'/f clnslt kTofpg yfn]sf ] efj tkfO{“sf ] cgx' f/df bv] f kg { yfn]sf ] 5 . laGtL, To; efjnfO{ an]sf ] lbof] em} “ cem psf:gx' f;] \\ . kVg'xf;] \\, tkfO{“nfO { d klg ;3fp“5' . tkfO“s{ f ] dgdf d}n] s ] s] rf]/ “] eGg ] vN' b'nL zAbfy{ 29 efj M cfzo g]kfnL M sIff (

hfu ] h:tf ] 5 . w}o{ ugx'{ f;] ,\\ d EofPhlt s/' fx¿ tkfO{“nfO{ ;'gfp“5' t/ tkfO{ “ k'm;{bL kf ] x'g'x'G5 s] < eu} f], tkfO“{sf ] km' ;{bn ] hlt yU] g ;S5, Tolt dfq} ;g' fp“5' . nf } x]/, lsg Tolt ljlw r~rn xg' e' Psf ] < ;f;nfO { lsg Tolt l56f] tfGb } 5f8\\b} ug'{ePsf] < d clxn ] tkfOn{“ fO { sx] L ;g' fp“b } g;g' fO { efu ]“ eg] lg < P, n3fg{] kf ] ¤ eOxfNof], ca tkfO{“nfO { b'Mv lbGg“ t/ dn} ] afN] bfafN] b } lardf sg' } kZ| g gug{'xf]nf . ;f]w] klg d}n] ;a} s/' f atfO;sk] l5 dfq ;fW] g'xf]nf . %= rfg] { kfP “ eg/] dn} ] h ] kfof ] ToxL rfg] {] xf ] / < To;leqsf ] uf7“ L s/' f ] rflx “ rf5] {' . h:tf ] M aur“} fdf hfG5', k\"mnx¿nfO { cfv“ f / dgx¿n] :kz{ u5 '{ . p;sf ] d':sfg rf]5,{' cf;“ ' rf5] {' . ‘hLjg Ifl0fs 5, o; Ifl0fstfdf d ;Gti' 6 5g} ’ eGb} km\" nn ] dG' 6f] xNnfp“bf k\"mnaf6 Ifl0fstfsf] efj rf]5'{ . afbnnfO{ x]/]/ p;sf] uDeL/tf rf]5'{ . slxn]sfxL“ t afbn l/;fp“5, a];/L uh]{/ ufnL u5,{ lemlnNn kfb}{ cuN' 6f ] km\\ ofS“ 5 . p;sf ] ufnL / l/;df ;Dk0\" f { ;[li6 nxnxfpg ] l;hg{ fTdstf ns' s] f ] xG' 5 . hLjgsf nflu To:tf ] ;sf/fTds ufnL / l/; cfjZos xg' ] ePsfn] d ltgsf ] efj rf]5 '{ . clg s]xL l;k gnfu]/ afbn slxn ] ;“S' s ;'S“ s t slxn] 8fs“ f ] 5f8/] ?g yfN5 . d p;sf] To; cf“;'sf] Oltxf; rf]/]/ v;' 'Ss efU5 ' . slxNo } guNg] / gyfSg ] kxf8x¿nfO { x/] ]/ ltgLx¿sf] kt| LIffleqsf] w}o{sf ] efj rf]5' { . lxpb“ df kft em/]/ gfª\\u } ePsf ?vx¿df j;Gtdf kfn'jf knfPsf] bv] ]/ ltgLx¿af6 gj hLjgsf] efj rf5] {' . ;Nnf3f/Lsf ;;' fOx¿af6 56k6L / lgMZjf;sf efj rf]5{ ' . klx/fx¿af6 leqleq} ps';d's'; eO/x]sf] kxf8sf ] rf]6sf] efj rf]5'{, gbLgfnfaf6 ;ªu\\ Lt rf5] '{ . hLjgdf lx+;s| tf pv]Ngsf nflu lx+;|stfs} vf“rf ] x'G5 . o;}n] lx+;|s kz'x¿sf hLjgaf6 lx+;|stf rf]5'{ . r/fr'?ª\\uLsf lr/Lla/Laf6 pgLx¿sf hLjgsf] syf rf]5'{, pGdS' ttf rf5] {' . zi' s ks| [ltaf6 lg/;tf rf]5'{, x/fe/f jf;GtL k|s[ltaf6 pT;fx rf]5{ ' . zAbfy{ n3fg'{ M wkfpg' Ifl0fs M 5f6] f] ;do k|tLIff M kvf{O w}o{ M gcflQg ] u'0f pGd'St M :jtGq zi' s M ;S' vf 30 gk] fnL M sIff (

^= k|sl[ t t k|s[lt g} eof], p;nfO{ s;n] rflx “ rf]/s] f], 7us] f,] n'6s] f ] 5}g / < oL s/' fx¿ rfb] {}df ks| [lt slxn] kf] l/lQPsf] 5 / < d efj rf5] {', k|s[ltsf ] efiff p;};“u /xG5 . ks| [ltsf] ;j:{ j xfdL hLjx¿s } ;DklQ t xf] . ;a}n ] plQs } pkof]u ug{ kfp5“ g \\ . d rflx “ cln nfe] L 5,' c¿sf ] eGbf cln 7n' f ] efu kfpg ] nfn;f 5 . oxL yk efusf nflu d rf/] L ub {} 5 ' . ks| l[ t cfdf x'g\\, ;Gtfg;u“ ;w} + ?i6 eO/xg klg ;lStgg\\ lg ¤ &= dn} ] cfh;Dd ;aeGbf a9L rf]/L cfdfaf6} u/s] L 5' . d/] f lglDt hute\\ /s } cfdfx¿ d]/L cfdfdf cfP/ Psfsf/ ePsf 5g\\ . d]/L cfdf cfdf dfq xf]Ogg\\, d/] L lgs6td ;“lugL klg x'g \\ . o;n} ] t d}n ] cfdfsf ] cleGg ldq ag]/ pgLaf6 cfdf efj rf/] ]“ . ;Gtfg ljof]usf ] kL8f klg d]/L cfk\\mg } cfdfaf6 rf/] “ ] . d/] L b[li6 x'g\\ cfdf, ;;+ f/nfO { xg] {] efj klg pg}af6 rf]/“ ] . pgL 5f/] fnfO{ klg sd dfof ulbg{ g \\ . 5f]/LnfO { ce}m a9L dfof gu/L gxg' ] 7flG5g \\ . 5f/] Ln ] sl'“ hPsf kv]6fnfO { lj|mofzLn gagfO{ gxg' ] eGg ] kljq efj klg d}n ] pga} f6 rf]/“ ] . ;dfhn ] l;lhP{ sf 5f]/L hftsf nª} \\lus ljifdtfn ] /GylgPsf pgsf efj rf]/ ]“ . v,} pgLaf6 t s] s] rf/] “] s ] s ] ¤ *= cfdfnfO{ dfq xf] / ¤ d}n ] t afafnfO { ;d]t rf]l/gaf6 hfu] fpg ;lsg“ . ;fdflhs kk| ~rsf] afw] x'g yfnk] l5 ;/ntf, lgeLs{ tf / :jfledfg rf/] “] . slxn ] afaf;u“ afe]m/, h'w]/ / slxn] rflx“ afafsf] cf1fsf/L kq' L ag]/ pgLaf6 lkt[efj rf/] ]“ . cfh /fd|/L ;fR] bf kf] yfxf kfP,“ d}n ] ;ae} Gbf a9L cfk\\mg} cfdfafafnfO{ g} rf]/]sL /lx5' . cfdfafafafx]s d/] f] csf]{ OZ{ j/ 5g} . tL d]/f ;j:{ j x'g\\, d ltgsf] k\"hf u5{ ' t/ pgLx¿nfO{ of] s'/f k6Ss} yfxf 5g} . d cfkm\\ gf dgdf ltgnfO { lj/fhdfg u/fP/ cJoSt efjgfsf k'ikx¿ xb{d ck{0f ul//x]sL 5' . (= ca tkfO“{ g} ljrf/ ug{x' f;] \\, cfk\\mgf cfdfafafnfO{ t rf]g]{n ] c¿nfO { s ] afs“ L /fv]sL xn“' f < dflg;x¿n] cfk;df ljlgdo u/]sf ofjt\\ k|sf/sf k]d| b]v“] eg ] o; } o; } ltgLx¿lt/ tflgg yfN5', ldqtf u5 '{ . pgLx¿nfO { To;df ljZj:t agfp5“ ' . To;kl5 ;6' 'Ss, pgLx¿n ] yfxf gkfOs{ g kd]| efj rf]//] pl5l6G5 ' . dgdg } ljleGg kltkTgLsf 9fr“ f tof/ kf5'{ / kT| os] zAbfy{ ?i6 M l/;fPsf] Psfsf/ M Pp6 } kk| ~r M rfh“ fk] fh“ f] lgeL{s M lg8/ :jfledfg M cfTd ;Ddfg lkt[efj M lktfdf x'g ] efjgf lj/fhdfg M /x]sf÷] zf]efodfg ck0{ f M >4fkj\" s{ lbg ] sfd g]kfnL M sIff ( 31

9fr“ fsf kltkTgL;u“ glhlsG5' . ltgsf ljleGg vfn ] efjx¿ rf5] { ' . s;n} fO{ bfh'efph \" agfP/ bfh ' xg' 'sf] efj / efph \" xg' s' f] efj rf]5'{ . cfk}ma“ f6 / efOalxgLx¿af6 kq' kq' L efj rf]5 {' . !)= Tolt dfq } sxf“ xf] / < tg, dg / wgn ] b'MvL xg' x] ¿dfly klg dn} ] o:tf sd{ u/s] L 5 ' . pgLx¿ bM' vn ] ?b“ f / 56k6fpb“ f d cfk\"m klg pgLx¿;“u} ?“b } / 56k6fp“b} pgLx¿sf efj ;'6'Ss rf]//] cfk\\mgf] dgdf yGSofPsL 5' . bM' vL ul/asf] b'Mv, kL8f, bf;tf cflbsf] j|mGbgsf ] Odfgbf/ >f]tf / ;XboL z'elrGts ag]/ pgLx¿af6 tL ;a } s/' fsf] kL8fsf ] efj rf/] s] L 5 ' . cfkm\" h:t } cGo g]kfnL dlxnfx¿sf hLjgaf6 lg:;f/nfUbf ] ?jfO / s0' 7fsf] efj klg rf/] s] L 5' . of] efj t d/] f ] Xboaf6 hlt vGofP klg l/lQg ;s]sf] 5g} . ?jfO / s'07fsf lgTo gjLg efjx¿ dgel/, dl:tisel/ pynky' n eO/x]5g\\ . !!= clxn] tkfO“{ afnsdfly t bof /fvs] } /lx5 eg]/ 9'Ss x'g'ePsf] xf]nf . t/ ldq ¤ To;/L 9'Ss gxg' f;] \\ . d/] f ] dg b;sfb“} l] v rf/] Ldf cEo:t eO;ss] f] 5 . o;nfO { t rfg] { kfP kU' of ] . rf/] L g } o;sf ] ceLi6 eO;s]sf] 5 . s'g } lbg sx] L rfl] /g “ eg] t s] lal;P{ lal;{P h:tf ] nfU5 . dnfO { tkfOs{“ f cufl8 s]xL klg 9f“6\\g dg nfu]sf] 5}g . o;n} ] t cfkm\\ gf ] dg tkfOs{“ f ;fd ' pbfªu\\ f ] kf//] slxn ] slxnb] l] vsf ] ps;' ds' ;' af6 plDsg vf]Hb} 5' . oxL rf/] Ls} Wo]on ] afnsx¿ ;fd' ldqtfsf ] leIff dfUg cfkm\\ gf b'j} xft k}mnfPsL 5' . pgLx¿n ] dnfO{ lgZ5n, lgisk6, kljq, l:gUw dfofsf ] ;fu/df r'nD'{ d 8a' fPsf 5g \\ . Pp6 } rSn6] 6fs] /] cfwf cfwf af8“ /] vfPsL 5,' Ps uf;“ vfgs] /' f ] klxn ] pgLx¿nfO { vj' fP/ ToxL afs“ L h7' f ] klg k;| fb em“} u//] vfPsL 5 ' . d/] f ] cfv“ fdf x/] t sf ] 5 < zAbfy{ g]kfnL M sIff ( j|mGbg M ?jfO ;XboL M bofn' s'07f M blaPsf] OR5f lgTo M ;w}s“ f] lgZ5n M 5n5fd gePsf] lgisk6 M sk6 gePsf] l:gUw M ;s' f]dn, dfofn,' ;'dw'/ 32

eGb} cfkm\\ gf cfv“ fdf ePsf] ltgsf] tl:a/ bv] fP/ ljl:dt, rlst, kn' lst ltgsf ld7f ] efj rf]/s] L 5' . ;fgf 5's5's ] xftn] dnfO { cu“ fn/] ltgLx¿ xf“:bf cfk\"m klg pgLx¿l;t xf:“ bfxf:“ b} pgLx¿n ] kTt } gkfO { pgLx¿af6 xf;“ f ] / pNnf;sf Gofgf efjx¿ rf/] s] L 5' . pgLx¿ ?b“ f cfk\"m klg ;“u;“u } /f]P/ pgLx¿af6 cf“;s' f afn efjx¿ rf]/s] L 5' . !@= d}n ] dflg; / k|sl[ taf6 t ofjt \\ efj rf]/s] L 5' g } . bM' vfGts xg' \\ jf ;'vfGts, ;flxToaf6 klg cfgGbsf] efj rf/] s] L 5 ' . ;'vfGts ;flxToaf6 eGbf klg b'MvfGts ;flxToaf6 a9L uxg cfgGb k|fKt x'G5 . o;n} ] t ;;+ f/df b'MvfGts ;flxTosf ] ke| fjnfO { a9L tLj| dflgg] u5 { . o;}n ] To;af6 ;xh ¿kdf cfgGbsf] efjsf] rf/] L u/]sL 5 ' . r/fsf ] lrla{/af6 z}nL rf]/s] L 5', k\"mnsf] ;f}Gboa{ f6 lzNk rf]/s] L 5 ' . k|sl[ t tyf dfgjaf6 pkdf rf/] ]sL 5' . cem lbn vfn] /] eGg ] xf ] eg ] bGTosyfaf6 rf/] s] f ] pkdf cfh;Dd dnfO { ;aeGbf a9L lko| nfus] f 5g \\ . !#= ca t kTofpg'eof] xfn] f lg d/] f ] s'/f < ca 5ftLdf xft /fv]/ eGg'xf]; \\ t d rf]/ x '“ ls xfO] g < rfb] f{rfb] f { ca t “ wgL eO;ls; \\ / ] ¤ dnfO { klxnf g} tkfO{“n ] o; } eGgx' f]nf eGg] t nfu]sf] lyof ] . k]ml/ s] ;f]Wg cf“6g\\ 'ePsf ] < P ¤ tL ;a } s'/f sxf “ /fv]sL 5 ' / ] < x'G5, kVgx' f;] ,\\ olQsf s'/fx¿ atfO;sk] l5 TolQ s/' f atfpg lsg sGh';L uy “{] ¤ d}n] b'Mv u//] ;Dxfn]sf s'/fx¿ c¿n ] rfl] /b]nfg\\ eg]/ tkfO{n“ ] dnfO { ;fjwfg u/fpg'ePsf ] < d t klxNo}bl] v ;fjwfg 5' . cfh;Dd s;}n] klg daf6 sx] L klg rf]/s] } 5}g . ;fob rf]g{ nfos s]xL gbv] /] kf ] xf ] ls ¤ slxns] fxL“ t cfkm\" af6 klg rf/] fpg /x/ nfU5 . rfg] ]n{ ] grfl] /lbPkl5 d]/f ] s ] nfU5 / < t/ s/' f csf]{ klg 5 . o:tf s'/f rfb] f { Ps t rfl] /g]nfO { gfS] ;fg klg xb'“ }g, csf{] p;nfO{ kQf ] klg x'“bg} . o;n} ] cfk\"m rf]l/Psf ] s/' f d}n] kQ } gkfPsf ] klg x'g ;S5 . !$= olt ;a} eO;s/] klg :jodn\\ fO{ o;f ] 5fdL x]5 {' t/ l/Sttf l;jfo sx] L kfpl“ bg“ . hlt g} rf/] L u/] klg cfk\"m t sª\\ufnsf ] sª\\ufn g } . n, To;/L lsg xf“:ge' Psf] < gkTofP/ xfn] f . cl3 klg t tkfO{n+“ ] d}n ] cfkm\" nfO { rf]/ eg]/ 3f]if0ff ubf{ kTofpg'ePsf ] lyPg lg ¤ d}n ] ;a } s'/f eg]kl5 of] s'/f klg tkfO {“ cjZo kTofpgx' G' 5 . c“ t, ;G' gxf];,\\ cfkm\\ gf efjx¿nfO{ cIfosfi] fsf ¿kdf dgleq } kf“h]/ /fvs] L lyP “ . cGoqaf6 rfl] /Psf efjx¿ l/lQPkl5 zAbfy{ ljl:dt M cfZrod{ f k/s] f] k'nlst M /dfPsf] pNnf; M v;' L bM' vfGts M b'Mvdf 6ª' l\\ uPsf ] ;'vfGts M ;'vdf 6'ªl\\ uPsf] cIfosfi] f M gdfl;g] 9's'6L kfh“ ]/ M 6Dd ldnfP/ gk] fnL M sIff ( 33

cfk\\mgf efjsf ] efu] rng ug]{ ;'/ lyof ] . k'5f/df cfk\\mgf efj / To;}dfly cGoqaf6 rfl] /Psf efjx¿ yk' fg{] u/]sL lyP “ . tL rfl] /Psf efjn ] lyRbflyRbf cfk\\mgf efj t hDd } kfgL k/s] f ] l;d]G6 e“m} hld;s]5g \\ . s'g } lbg rf]/L ug{ ] OR5f d¥of ] eg] t d 7'nf ] gbLsf larsf ] ljzfn kTy/;/x z'is xg' s] a]/ ¤ xf]Og t < !%= sxf “ x'g ' < wgL eP/ d}n ] o:tf] s'/f u/]s} xfO] g . ;f“Rr } tkfOn{“ ] o;f ] eGbf t d]/f] lrQ b'MVof] . d}n] t tkfOn{“ fO{ ;dt] k/fI] f rf/] 7x¥ofPsL 5 ' . k|ToIf rf]g ]{ dfq rf]/ x'G5 / < rf]/Lsf ;fdfg pkof]u ug]{ klg t rf]/ g } x'G5 lg ¤ tkfO{ “ cfk\\mgf ] cgx' f/sf sg' } /v] f klg gvhdHofO{ xf]Og eGg ;Sg'x'G5 < lsg To;/L 6fn] fpg'eof ] < tkfO{“n] rf]/Lsf ;fdfg pkof]u uge'{ Psf ] 5g} / ] < ;DemL x]g'x{ f]; \\ t . kl5 dn} ] elg;sk] l5 P xf] t geGg'xf]nf lg ¤ !^= s'/f s] eg] lg ¤ d}n] cfk\\mgf rf]/Lsf dfnx¿ ;flxTosf dfWodaf6 ;a}nfO{ af“8\\g ] u/]sL 5 ' . pm ¤ pm ¤ d':s'/fpge' f ] xfO] g t < dn} ] egs] L lyP “ lg ¤ Psflt/af6 rf¥] of,] csf{lt/ yk' f¥of] . u8“ o\\ f}nf h:t} eOg“ t d < t/ d ;fx} | b'MvL 5' . lsgeg] lg ¤ grf]g'{ rf]l/;sk] l5 cs}l{ t/ g} eP klg rf]/Lsf ;a} s/' f yk' fg { ;s ] t a];} lyof ] . tLdWo ] slt d]/f cfk\\mgf dgsf efj;“u ldn/] h8 xG' 5g\\, slt k/:k/ lj/f]wL efjx¿;u“ ldn]/ ljn'Kt x'G5g\\, slt rflx “ ;flxTo¿kL 9's'6Ldf k'¥ofP/ vGofp“bf vGofp“b } otfptf kf]lvP/ v]/ hfG5g \\ . d'l:snn ] Ps rt'yf+z{ efj dfq 9s' 6' Ldf hDdf xg' kU' 5g\\ . Tolt oTgn] ;u“ fns] f] :dl[ tk~' h Psrfl] 6 nl] v;sk] l5 To; } To; } lj:dt[ aGg kU' 5 . csf {] :dl[ t g;u“ flnGhn] rflx “ a; \\ pxL dgsf ] l/Sttf dfq } ¤ o;}n ] t d ;flxTosf/ aGg klg c¿sf Xbosf] efj rfg] {' k/]g / < ldq ¤ ca tkfO “{ klg d}n] e}m“ v'nf Xbon] eGgx' f]; \\ t tkfO{n“ ] d/] f ] s:tf ] d\"Nofª\\sg ug{'eof] < -‘hLjg ;q\" / :jKgfef;’ lgaGw ;ª\\ux| af6_ zAbfy{ k/fI] f M ck|ToIf rty' fz{+ M rf/ efusf ] Ps efu :dl[ tk~' h M ;Demgfsf ] ;u“ fnf] 34 g]kfnL M sIff (

cEof; ;g' fO != lgaGwsf] kfr“ f}“ cg'R5]b ;'Gg'xf];\\ / tnsf l7s al] 7s egfO 56' o\\ fpgx' f;] \\ M -s_ k\"mnaf6 Ifl0fstfsf ] efj rfl] /G5 . -v_ km\" n l/;fp5“ , a];/L uh/{] ufnL u5 { . -u_ ;Nnf3f/Lsf ;;' fOaf6 kxf8sf ] rf6] sf] efj rfl] /G5 . -3_ r/fr?' ª\\uLaf6 n]vsn ] hLjgsf ] syf / pGd'Sttf rf]5 { . @= lgaGwsf] clGtd cgR' 5b] ;'Gg'xf];\\ / ;fl] wPsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ eGg'xf];\\ M -s_ rf/] Lsf] dfn af“8g\\ ] dfWod s] xf ] < -v_ rf]/Lsf] slt efj rflx“ 9s' '6Ldf hDdf x'G5 < -u_ nv] sn] rf]g ]{ s'/fsf ] d\"Nofª\\sg tkfOn“{ ] s;/L uge{' of ] < #= tnsf] cg'R5]b ;'Ggx' f;] \\ / pQ/ lbg'xf];\\ M ;~rf/n ] xfdf| ] hLjgsf ;a } Ifq] nfO { ke| fljt tN' ofp5“ . nª} l\\ us el\" dsfsf af/d] f klg ;~rf/ hut \\ ke| fjsf/L xG' 5 . kqklqsf, 6l] nlehg, rnlrq ;ad} f k?' if / dlxnfsf ] el\" dsfsf ] j0fg{ kfOG5 . logn ] dlxnf / k?' ifsf ] ;dfg el\" dsfsf ] j0fg{ ul5g{ \\ . rfln; jifc{ l3;Dd ;;+ f/df of] cj:yf lyPg . ;'?df dlxnfnfO{ 5f/] f5f/] L xg] ]{ / 3/sf] sfd ug{] e\"ldsf lbOGYof ] . cfdfn ] 3/ a:g ] / afa'n] aflx/ uP/ sfd ug ]{ k/Dk/fut k:| t'lt clxn] klg 6]lnlehg / rnlrqdf bl] vG5 . o:tf ] k:| tl' tn ] ;dfhdf nª} l\\ us c;dfgtfnfO { sfod /fV5 . dfG5s] f ] nª} l\\ us leGgtf zf/Ll/s dfq xf] . ;fdflhs ;f+:sl[ ts e\"ldsfdf dlxnf k?' if ;dfg x'g \\ . k\"0f{ / Gofok0\" f { ;dfhsf ] :yfkgfsf nflu k'?if dlxnfdf ;dJojxf/ cfjZos 5 . -s_ dlxnfsf] el\" dsfsf] j0fg{ kfOg] ;~rf/sf dfWod sg' sg' xg' \\ < -v_ ;?' df dlxnf / k'?ifnfO { s;/L x]l/GYof] < -u_ n}ªl\\ us Gofo lsg cfjZos 5 < -3_ o; cgR' 5b] sf] d'Vo ;Gbz] s ] xf ] < $= kf7sf] rfw} f“} cg'R5b] >'ltnv] g ugx{' f];\\ . g]kfnL M sIff ( 35

af]nfO != tnsf zAbx¿sf] l7s pRrf/0f ug{'xf;] \\ / pbfx/0fdf b]vfP h:t} u/L pRrf/0f ul/Psf] s'/f n]Vgx' f;] \\ M h:t} M hLjg÷lhag, cf1fsf/L÷cfUUofs“ fl/ Ifl0fs, vN' bn' L, ;x[boL, k|tLIff, ceLi6, l/Sttf, :dl[ tk~' h, d\"Nofª\\sg, l:gUw, lj:d[t @= lgaGwdf nv] sn] s]sf nflu lsg rf]/L ug{] ljrf/ agfPsL x'g\\ eGg] af/]df ;d\"xdf 5nkmn u/L To;sf] lgisif{ sIffdf k|:tt' ug'{xf];\\ . #= dlgnf / kj| z] Pp6f k':ts k;ndf e]6 x'G5g\\ . s:tf] k':ts k9\\g] eGg] af/]df pgLx¿sf lar x'g] s'/fsfgL nv] L xfpefp;lxt sIffdf k:| tt' ug{x' f];\\ . $= tkfO“+{ cfkm\" nfO{ s;/L lrgfpgx' G' 5 < cfkm\\ gf af/d] f ab“' f agfpgx' f;] \\ / sIffdf k:| tt' ugx{' f;] \\ . k9fO != rf}yf] / kf“rf“} cgR' 5]bnfO{ ;:j/jfrg ug'{xf;] \\ / tL cg'R5b] k9g\\ tkfO{n“ fO{ slt ;do nfUof], lzIfsnfO{ ;fW] g'xf];\\ . @= kf7 k9k] l5 n]vs s:tf] vfnsL rf]/ xg' \\ eGg] s/' f cg'dfg ug'e{ of,] n]Vgx' f;] \\ . #= ‘d sf] x'“’ lgaGw k9L o;sf ;a} ljifonfO{ ;d6] \\g] u/L ;d\"xdf kf“r cf]6f k|Zg lgdf{0f ug{'xf];\\ / lzIfsnfO{ b]vfpgx' f];\\ . $= pSt k|Zgsf] pQ/ klg tof/ kf/L sIffdf k:| tt' ugx'{ f];\\ . n]vfO != lgaGwsf] ;ftf}“ cgR' 5b] af6 d'Vo dV' o kf“r a'“bf l6kL ;f/f+z n]Vg'xf];\\ . @= ‘d sf] x'’“ lgaGwsf d'Vo ;Gb]z s] xf,] n]Vg'xf];\\ . #= JofVof ug'x{ f;] \\ M -s_ ks| [lt t k|s[lt g } eof,] p;nfO{ s;n] rflx “ rf]/s] f,] 7us] f], n'6s] f ] 5g} / < -v_ cfdfafafafxs] d]/f ] csf]{ O{Zj/ 5g} . $= ‘d k\"mn x“’' zLifs{ df Pp6f cg'R5]b /rgf ug{'xf;] \\ . 36 g]kfnL M sIff (

%= ‘d/] f ;kgfx¿’ eGg] zLif{sdf ;j{k|yd lzIfsaf6 a“'bfx¿ k|fKt ug'x{ f];\\ . lzIfsaf6 k|fKt tL a“'bfnfO{ lgaGwsf ¿kdf n]Vg'xf];\\ . ^= ‘zf/bLo cfsfz’ zLif{sdf a'b“ f tof/ kf/L @)) zAb;Dddf cfTdk/s lgaGw nV] g'xf;] \\ . &= /]vfª\\lst zAbnfO{ tn lbOPsf cy;{ u“ hf]8f ldnfpg'xf];\\ M c;dfgtf, snf, 3lgi7, ;'dw'/, clgTo =====!= dnfO{ lgZ5n, lgisk6, kljq, l:gUw dfofsf] ;fu/df rn' {D' d 8a' fPsf 5g\\ . =====@= k\"mnsf] ;fG} bo{af6 lzNk rf/] s] L 5' . =====#= hLjg Ifl0fs 5 o; Ifl0fstfaf6 d ;Gti' 6 5g} . =====$= d]/L cfdf cfdf dfq xf]Ogg,\\ d/] L lgs6td ;l“ ugL klg xg' \\ . =====%= pgsf juL{o Pjd\\ n}ª\\lus ljifdtfn] /GylgPsf efj rf]/]“ . *= lgaGw k9L tn ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ lbg'xf;] \\ M -s_ rf]/L :jLsf/ ubf { klg n]vsnfO{ nfh gnfUg'sf] sf/0f s ] xf] < -v_ nv] s lsg rf]/L ug{ afWo l5g\\ < -u_ nv] sn ] rfg] {] s'/fx¿ s] s] x'g\\ < -3_ cfdf / afafaf6 n]vsn ] s ] s] rf]/L ul/g\\ < -ª_ n]vsn ] afnsx¿;u“ lsg ldqtf uf“;s] L 5g \\ < (= ‘d sf] x’“' lgaGwdf lgaGwsf/n] cfkm\" nfO{ s;/L lrgfPsL 5g\\, j0fg{ ug{'xf];\\ . Jofs/0f != tnsf] cgR' 5]bsf /]vfª\\lst zAbx¿ ;jg{ fd x'g,\\ ltgnfO{ cEof; kl' :tsfdf ;fgx{' f];\\ M d af6fdf lyP“ . af6fdf ;Ldf / :j¿k klg el] 6P . pgLx¿ ahf/ lx“8s] f lyP . ca xfdL ;“u} eof}“ . ahf/df ;Ldfn] cfkm\" nfO{ hQf lslgg\\ . d rflx“ snd lsGg rfxGy“] . k;ndf ku' /] :j¿kn] eGof,] æsnd lsGg] eP Tof] /fdf| ] 5 .Æ ævfO] s'g rflx“ xf] <Æ ;Ldfn] ;fl] wg\\ . æhg' /fdf| ] 5 ToxL lsG5Æ' , d}n] eg]“ . ahf/sf lardf sf] sf] e]l6P, s] s] bl] vP kQ} ePg . sfx] L vf“b} lyP . sg' } sg' } k;ndf le8 lyof] . ætkfOx{“ ¿ el] 6P/ /dfOnf] eof]Æ cGTodf dn} ] eg]“ . xfdLx¿n] cfh /dfOnf] u¥of}“ . g]kfnL M sIff ( 37

@= kf7sf] klxnf]bl] v t];f| ] cgR' 5]b;Dd k|ofu] ePsf ;j{gfd zAbx¿ l6Kgx' f];\\ . #= d, xfdL, pgL, Tof,] cfk\"m, h'g, sg' , s], sf] h:tf ;jg{ fd ko| f]u u/L Pp6f cgR' 5b] /rgf ug{'xf];\\ . $= tnsf] cg'R5b] af6 b; cf6] f ;j{gfd gbfx] f]¥ofO{ l6Kgx' f;] \\ M d /fd gk] fnL x“' . Zofdf / sdn d]/f ;fyL xg' \\ . xfdL ldn]/ k9\\5f “} . d cfkm\" hftn ] blnt x '“ . Zofdf /fO{ / sdn afx'g xg' \\ . pgLx¿ d;u“ } vfG5g \\ . Tof ] blnt, of ] /fO,{ ltdL afxg' eGg] efj xfdL;“u 5g} . sg' blnt, sg' afxg' eGg ] s'/f ;fdflhs ljeb] xf] . tkfO{d“ f klg s'g } k|sf/sf ] lje]bsf] efj xg' 'xG' g . hf];s' } eP klg xfdL dflg; xf}“ . kT| os] n] o;/L g} ;f] r] ;dfhaf6 hftLo lje]b cfkm}“ x/fp“5 . %= tnsf] cg'R5]bdf /]vfª\\lst zAbx¿ gfdof]uL x'g\\, ltgnfO{ cEof; k'l:tsfdf ;fg'{xf];\\ M s0ff{nLleq hD' nf 5 . w]/ } jif;{ Dd h'Dnfdf uf8L k'u]g . hD' nfeGbf kl5 uf8L kU' g] lhNnf klg 5g \\ . h'Dnfdfly lxdfn 5 . h'Dnfleq ltnf gbL 5 . gbLkfl/ :ofpv]tL 5 . o;kfln :ofp /fdf| ] kmn]5 . k;' ;Dd kv“b{ f bfd klg cfP5 . Jofkf/L;u“ ls;fgn] k;} f dfu] . k};f;lxt ku' ]sf Jofkf/L;“u pgLx¿n] k;} fau] / :ofp g } lbPgg\\ . dfuc] g;' f/ k};f kfPkl5 pgLx¿n ] 8fs] fel/ :ofp l6k] . 8fs] f;] dt] ;fx'nfO { lbP . Jofkf/L klg ls;fg;u“ bªu\\ k/] . pgLx¿n ] 3/dfly;Dd uf8L k¥' ofP . 3/ cufl8af6 :ofp afs] fP . lar ahf/df k¥' ofP . uf8Lleq :ofp xfnL gk] fnuGh;Dd k'¥ofP/ gfkmf sdfP . ls;fgsf 3/leq klg vl' ;ofnL 5fof ] . ^= lgaGwaf6 b; cf6] f gfdof]uL zAb 5fgL n]Vg'xf];\\ . &= ;u“ , lagf, leq, adf]lhd, afxs] , jfkt, el/, lglDt, ;dt] , bl] v, dfly, lar h:tf gfdof] uL ko| fu] u/L cfk\\mgf af/]df j0f{g ug'x{ f];\\ . *= tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 !% cf]6f gfdofu] L zAb gbf]xf¥] ofO{ 5fg/] n]Vg'xf];\\ M /df;“u k':ts 5 . pgL 6]andfly k':ts /flV5g \\ . pgsf] 3/ tdf]/kfl/ 5 . pgnfO{ u'?kl| t ljZjf; 5 . Ps lbg pgL u'?sxf“ uOg \\ . u?' ;dIf cfkm\" n] ghfGg] s'/f ;f]lwg\\ . pgnfO{ hLjgko{Gt gla;g{ ] u/L k9\\g ] dg lyof] . To;}n ] k9g\\ ;Dd kl9g\\ . k':tsleqsf s'/f ;f]lwg \\ . cEof;cg';f/sf k|Zg ul/g\\ . u?' klg pgsf ] k9fOk|ltsf ] hf“u/;“u kl/lrt xg' e' of ] . lbgel/ k9fpge' of ] . /dfn ] cfkm\\ gf ] ckI] ff k/' f ul/g \\ . To;afkt pgL;u“ wGojfb lbge' Gbf a9L s'/f lyPg . pgn ] u?' af6 :ofaf;L;d]t kfOg\\ . laxfg b; ah]b]lv ;f“em kf“r ah;] Dd kl9g \\ . u'?cfdf;“u klg lrghfg ul/g\\ . u?' dflysf] e/f];f klg JoSt ul/g\\ . u'?cfdfn] klg pgnfO { 3/dl' g lnP/ hfge' of ] . u?' dfk{mt pgn] slt s/' f l;lsg\\ Tof] klg elgg\\ . o; cltl/St pgn ] u?' sL 5f]/LnfO { klg e]l6g \\ . cfk\"meGbf 7'nL eP klg pgLl;t s'/fsfgL ul/g\\ . kfr“ ahk] l5 pgL 3/ kmlsO{ g \\ . 38 gk] fnL M sIff (

(= tnsf /]vfª\\lst zAbdWo] ;o+ fh] s / lgkftnfO{ 5'66\\ f5'66\\ } tflnsfdf n]Vgx' f];\\ M zldn{ f rfw} /L / /fwz] ofbj ;fyL xg' \\ . zldn{ f wgL ufp“ tyf /fwz] agL ufps“ f xg' \\ . zldn{ f va' } k9l\\ 5g \\ lsgeg] pgL /fdf| ] eljio agfpg rfxlG5g \\ . æcf Û w/] } k9/] s] kf ] xG' 5 / <Æ /fw]z eG5g\\ . æh] klg x'G5 lgÆ zld{nf elG5g\\ . /fw]z laxfg p7\\5g\\ clg v]Ng hfG5g\\ . zldn{ f klg laxfg } p7\\l5g \\ t/ v]Ng hfGgg\\ . pgL t v]Ngdf Tolt ?lr g } /flVbgg\\ k/Gt' Psl5g af/Ldf rflx“ 8l' N5g \\ . /fwz] yf/] } k95\\ g \\ t}klg k/LIffdf /fdf| ] u5{g \\ . æk9\\g klg k5{ vN] g' klg k5Æ{ pgL eG5g\\ . Ps lbg zld{nfn] elgg\\ ænf} t ltdL gk9 .Æ æv} ltdL t o;f] kf ] eGg yfNof}Æ /fw]zn ] eGof ] . æn d ls ky| d x'G5 ' ls låtLo cyjf klxnf ] jf bf];|f] eP/} 5f85\\ 'Æ p;n] yKof] . æklxnf] cyjf bf];f| ] g} t ;a } s/' f xfO] g, d'Vo s'/f t k9\\g' xf ] /], ;/n] egs] fÆ] zldn{ fn] elgg \\ . To;kl5 /fwz] klg dg nufP/ k9g\\ yfNof] . !)= kf7sf] rf}yf] cgR' 5]baf6 kf“r cf6] f ;o+ f]hs / rf/ cf6] f lgkft l6Kgx' f;] \\ . !!= /, jf, clg, klg, lsgls, t/, lsGt' h:tf ;+of]hs ko| f]u u/L cfkm\\ gf] sIffsf7] fsf] j0fg{ ugx'{ f;] \\ . !@= g, lg, x,} /], t, kf], ls, nf,} v} h:tf lgkft k|ofu] u/L cfkm\\ gf] ldNg] ;fyLsf] j0fg{ ug{x' f;] \\ . kl/ofh] gf sfo{ -s_ ‘gk] fndf hn;f| t] sf ] pkofu] ’ zLifs{ sf ;fduL| vfh] L d'Vo d'Vo a'“bf lgdf0{ f ugx{' f;] \\ . tL a“b' f lzIfsnfO { b]vfO { pSt zLifs{ df Pp6f lgaGw tof/ kfg'x{ f];\\ . -v_ sIffsf ;a} ljBfyL{sf] rf/ cf]6f ;d\"x lgdf{0f ug'{xf];\\ . klxnf] ;d\"xn] ;j{gfd, bf];|f ] ;d\"xn] gfdof]uL, t];f| ] ;dx\" n ] ;o+ fh] s / rfy} f] ;dx\" n] lgkft zAbsf] ;r\" L tof/ kfgx'{ f;] \\ . tL ;\"rLdWo ] ;dx\" sf ;fyLx¿n ] lglZrt zAb af“8g\\ x' f;] \\ / ltgnfO{ ko| f]u u/L Pp6f Pp6f cgR' 5]b tof/ kf/L sIffdf 6f:“ g'xf]; \\ . gk] fnL M sIff ( 39

kf7 % dfgj a]rlavg lj?4 xfdf| ] bfloTj -cfh cfhfb dfWolds ljBfno -dflj_ ag]kfdf jStT[ j k|ltof]lutf 5 . k|ltofl] utfdf sIff ( df cWoog/t rf/ hgf ljBfyL{x¿n] efu lnPsf 5g\\ . ljBfnosf k|wfgfWofks ldng rk] fªn] k|ltofl] utfsf] cWoIftf uge{' Psf] 5 . k|d'v cltlysf cf;gdf ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf hgs >i] 7 x'g'x'G5 . ;do ;r]tsdf sIff ( sL ljBfyL{ k|ldnf z/] rg /xge' Psf] 5 . lg0ffo{ s d08ndf gk] fnL, ;fdflhs / cªu\\ h]| L ljifosf tLg hgf lzIfs /xge' Psf] 5 . lzIfs / ljBfyLx{ ¿sf] pNnv] gLo pkl:ylt 5 . sIff ( sf ljBfyL{ ;d' g ldhf/ pb3\\ fi] f0f ub{} xg' x' G' 5 ._ != pb3\\ fi] fs M ;jk{ y| d o; jStT[ jsnf kl| tofl] utfdf pkl:yt ;an} fO{ xflbs{ :jfut u5'{ . o;kl5 cWoIfHos\" f] cg'dltn] d cfhsf] sfoj{ m| dnfO{ cufl8 a9fp“5' . cfhsf] jStT[ jsnfsf] ljifo 5, ‘dfgj a]rlavg lj?4 xfd|f] bfloTj’ . k|ltofl] utfdf jStfx¿n] kfng ugk'{ g]{ lgodx¿ o; k|sf/sf 5g\\ M zAbfy{ g]kfnL M sIff ( bfloTj M st{Jo jStf M afN] g] dfG5] 40

-s_ x/s] jStfnfO{ kfr“ ldg6] sf] ;do lbOg] 5 . rf/ ldg]6df hgfp 3G6L aHg] 5 . clGtd 3G6Lkl5 jStfn] cfkm\\gf] egfO /fS] g'kg{] 5 . -v_ ;dfh / /fi6« lj/fw] L efjgf km}nfpg] / JolStut cfIf]k nfUg] lsl;dsf ljrf/x¿ k|:tt' ug{ kfOg] 5g} . -u_ sg' } klg k|sf/sf lnlvt ;fduL| ko| f]u ug{ kfOg] 5}g . -3_ lg0ffo{ s d08nsf] lg0fo{ clGtd x'g] 5 . ca d d]/f ldq df]xDdb cfndnfO{ cfkm\\gf] dGtJo /fVgsf nflu cfdGq0f ub{5' . @= ;efWoIf dxfb] o, kd| 'v cltlyHo\", lg0ffo{ s d08n, u'?ju{ tyf d]/f Kof/f ;fyLx¿ ¤ #= cfhsf] jStT[ j k|ltofl] utfsf] ljifo ‘dfgj a]rlavg lj?4 xfdf| ] bfloTj’ xf] . o; ljifodf cfk\\mgf ljrf/x¿ /fVg kfp“bf d}n] cfkm\" nfO{ wGo 7fg]sf] 5' . $= dfgj a]rlavg cfhsf] ;dfhsf] hLjGt ;d:of xf] . To;f] eP dfgj ar] lavg egs] f] s] xf] t < dfgj a]rlavg eg]sf] s'g} klg p2Z] on] dflg;nfO{ aR] g] jf lsGg] sfd xf] . dlxnfx¿nfO{ bx] Jofkf/ u/fpg,' afnaflnsfx¿nfO{ >ddf nufpg,' 3/fo;L bf; agfpg,' sfgg' ljk/Lt dfgj cª\\ukT| oª\\u lsga]r ug'{ h:tf ultljlwx¿ o;cGtut{ k5{g\\ . dfgj clwsf/ pNnª3\\ gsf o; lsl;dsf lgsi[ 6 sfo{x¿ ljZjd} hl6n tyf ;+j]bgzLn ¿kdf a9b\\ } cfPsf 5g\\ . %= ;efWoIf dxfb] o, x/s] jif{ nfvf“} dflg;x¿ sg' } g s'g} ¿kdf lsgar] ePsf tYofª\\sx¿ ;fj{hlgs x'g] u/]sf 5g\\ . al] rg]x¿df dlxnf tyf afnaflnsfx¿ a9L dfqfdf 5g\\ . o;}u/L o'jfx¿nfO{ w]/} sdfpg] kn| fe] gdf cGo bz] x¿df ;ª\\ul7t ¿kdf k7fpg] sfo{ eO/x]sf] 5 . dfgj ;dfhsf nflu o;eGbf a9L snªs\\ s] x'g ;S5 / < ^= gk] fndf /f]huf/Lsf] Go\"g cj;/, c1fgtf, cfly{s ljkGgtf, eb] efjk0\" f{ ;fdflhs ;+/rgf cflbsf sf/0f dflg;x¿ a]rlavgsf] rk6] fdf k/s] f 5g\\ . dfgj t:s/x¿n] l;wf;fbf dflg;x¿nfO{ cgs] f“} k|nf]eg / em' 7f cfZjf;gx¿ af“8\\g] u5g{ \\ . sltko dlxnfx¿ agfj6L dfofhfndf cyjf gSsnL ljjfxsf] k|k~rdf km:g kU' 5g\\ / a]lrG5g\\ . o;/L al] rg ku' ]sf dflg;x¿ ljleGg lsl;dsf zf/Ll/s tyf dfgl;s /f]usf l;sf/ x'G5g\\ . 3/ kms{]kl5 klg pgLx¿n] kl/jf/ tyf ;dfhaf6 lt/:s[t x'g'k5{ . zAbfy{ bx] Jofkf/ M z/L/sf] Jofkf/, ofg} Joj;fo pNnª3\\ g M gf£g] sfd k|nf]eg M a9L nf]e, a9L nfnr t:s/ M cj}w sfd ug]{ JolSt kk| ~r M hfnem] n lt/:st[ M ckxl] nt g]kfnL M sIff ( 41

&= ;efWoIf dxf]bo, dfgj ar] lavgsf ;d:ofaf6 s;/L dl' St kfpg ;lsG5 eGg] ljifodf ;an} ] Wofg lbg cfjZos 5 . o; lsl;dsf] h3Go ck/fwnfO{ lgoGq0f ug{ kl/jf/bl] v ;fdflhs ;ª3\\ ;+:yf, :yfgLo lgsfo / ;/sf/;Ddsf] ;fy / ;xofu] cfjZos k5{ . dfgj ar] lavgsf af/]df ;a}nfO{ ;rt] u/fpg cfjZos 5 . o;sf nflu nlIft ;db' fo;Dd /fh] uf/Ld\"ns lzIffsf cj;/x¿ / ul/aL lgjf/0fsf sfo{j|mdx¿sf] Joj:yf ul/g'k5{ . dfgj ar] lavgsf lj?4 nfUg] JolStx¿nfO{ ;dfh tyf /fHon] k|fT] ;fxg lbg'k5{ . dfgj t:s/x¿nfO{ ;fdflhs alxisf/ / s8f ;hfosf] Joj:yf ul/gk' 5{ . -hgfp 3G6L aH5 ._ *= cGTodf, d olt dfq eG5', a]rlavgaf6 kLl8t ePsfx¿sf] pkoS' t kg' :yfk{ gfsf sfoj{ |md ;~rfng ug'k{ b5{ . dfgj a]rlavgsf lj?4 ;a} Psh'6 x'g ;sd] f dfq o;nfO{ k\"0f{ ¿kdf lgoGq0f ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] d]/f] lgisif{ 5 . d/] f ljrf/x¿ w}o{kj\" s{ ;l' glbge' Psfdf xflbs{ st[ 1tf hfx]/ ub}{ cfkmg\\ f] egfOnfO{ oxL“ la6 df5{' . wGojfb ¤ -clGtd 3G6L aH5 ._ (= pb3\\ f]ifs M cfkmg\\ f dxŒjk\"0f{ ljrf/ /flvlbg'ePsfdf ;fyL df]xDdb cfndnfO{ xflb{s wGojfb lbG5' . ca csf{ jStf cofW] of kf8} n] nfO{ cfkmg\\ f cledtx¿ /fVg' cfdGq0f u5{' . !)= ;efWoIfHo\", kd| v' cltlyHo,\" lg0ffo{ s d08n, u'?ju{ Pjd\\ ;fyLx¿ ¤ !!= ‘dfgj ar] lavglj?4 xfd|f] bfloTj’ zLif{sdf wf/0ffx¿ /fVg kfpb“ f dnfO{ cToGt v;' L nfu]sf] 5 . !@= dfgj a]rlavg s:tf] ck/fw xf] / of] s;/L a9b\\ } uO/x]sf] 5 eGg] ljifodf k\"jj{ Stf ldqn] ks| fz kfl/;Sg'ePsf] 5 . o; ljifodf d w/] } rrf{ ug{ rfxGg“ . d cGo sx] L dxŒjk\"0f{ kIfdf k|sfz kfg]{ ko| f; u5'{ . dfgj ar] lavgsf] ahf/n] dflg;x¿nfO{ dfn ;fdfgsf ¿kdf x5] { . o;n] ljleGg b/ tyf d\"Nodf dflg;x¿sf] a]rlavg u5{ . o; lsl;dsf ck/fwx¿ ljzi] f u/L cljsl;t tyf cNk ljsl;t b]zdf a9L xg' ] u/]sf 5g\\ . !#= cfh xfdL PSsfO;f“} ztfAbLdf 5f“} . gk] fndf Ps ;o jifc{ l3 g} bf; ky| f pGd\"ng ePsf] lyof] . ;+o'St /fi6« ;ª\\3sf] :yfkgf;“u} ;+;f/af6 bf; k|yf k\"0f{ ¿kdf pGd\"ng ug]{ 3fi] f0ff ePsf] xf] . xfdL eg] nfrf/ eP/ dflg;nfO{ dflg;n] g} kzn' fO{ em“} lajm| L ljt/0f ug]{ cdfgjLo lj|mofsnfk 6'n'6n' ' xg] { ljjz 5f“} . cfh k/' fg} bf;ky| f gof“ 9ª\\un] ljsl;t x“'bf] zAbfy{ h3Go M cToGt g/fd|f], c¿nfO{ 3ft ug]{ k'g:yf{kgf M km] l/ Joj:yfkg ug{] sfd pGd\"ng M h/;} “u x6fpg] sfd 42 g]kfnL M sIff (

5 . dfgj ar] lavg / cf;] f/k;f/ Ps lsl;dsf] cfw'lgs bf; k|yf g} xf] . of] dfgj hflts} nflu cToGt b'vb\\ s'/f xf] . !$= gk] fndf dfgj ar] lavg jZ] ofjl[ Qdf nufpg], >d zfi] f0f ug,{] dhb/' agfpg] / dfgj cªu\\ sf] ar] lavg ug]{ sfo{df dfq ;Lldt 5}g . nfu' cf}ifwsf] Jofkf/ ug{, cZnLn rnlrqdf sfd ug{ / ;s;{ df sfd ugs{ f nflu klg gk] fnLx¿ a]lrPsf 5g\\ . of] ;d:of la:tf/} hl6n / ljs/fn xb“' } uPsf] 5 . of] tkfO{“ xfdL ;a}sf nflu r'gf}tL xf] . !%= d/] f ljrf/df dflg;x¿ al] rg', 7lug' / larNnLdf kg'{ t cfhsf] ;d:of xb'“ } xf] . To:tf JolStx¿sf] efjL hLjg g} hf]lvddf kg'{ cem bb{gfs ;d:of xf] . ltgLx¿af6 cg]s k|f0f 3fts /fu] x¿ kmn} g' / ;dfhdf cg]s ljsl[ t / lj;ªu\\ lt a9b\\ } hfg' csf]{ ljifd kl/l:ylt xf] . ltgLx¿ ljleGg vfn] dfgl;s / zf/Ll/s /f]un] u:| t ePsf pbfx/0f 5g\\ . ;dfhdf PrcfOeL P8\\;sf] ;ª\\jm| d0fsf] dn\" sf/0f klg oxL dfgj ar] lavg / cf];f/k;f/ g} xf] . sltko kLl8tx¿ t ;dfhaf6 alxist[ ;d]t 5g\\ . pgLx¿sf] kg' :yf{kgfsf] Joj:yf klg cToGt sdhf/] bl] vG5 . !^= ;efWoIf dxf]bo, d]/f ljrf/df o; ;d:ofsf] d'Vo sf/s r]tgfsf] sdL, ul/aL / a]/fh] uf/L g} xf] . sfgg' sfofG{ jogdf lkmtnfk] gf, e|i6frf/, vn' f ;Ldf cflb g} gk] fndf o; lsl;dsf] Joj;fo km:6fp“b} hfgs' f sf/0fx¿ xg' \\ . To;}u/L j}bl] zs /f]huf/Lkl| tsf] df]x, /fhgLlts cl:y/tf / cj;/sf] vf]hLdf ;x/ k:g] k|j[lQn] ubf{ g]kfndf o:tf vfnsf ck/fw dfn} fp“b} uPsf] kfOG5 . !&= ;efWoIf dxfb] o, dfgj ar] lavg / cf;] f/k;f/ eLif0f jf h3Go ck/fw xf] . o;sf] lgoGq0fsf yk' |} k|of;x¿ klg ePsf 5g\\ . so} f“} ck/fwL k|x/Lsf] sf/jfxLdf k/s] f 5g\\ . kLl8tsf kIfdf Gofofnoaf6 lg;fkm klg gePsf xf]Ogg\\ . o;sf lj?4 ;o+ S' t /fi6« ;ª\\3nufot /fli6o« tyf cGt/f{li6o« ;ª3\\ ;+:yfx¿ hfu?s ePsf 5g\\ . olt xb'“ fxb'“ } klg of] ;d:of a9b\\ f] 5 . To;n} ] pSt ;d:ofsf] k0\" f{ ;dfwfgsf nflu yk ;+j]bgzLntf, ufDeLo{ / kl| ta4tfsf] vfr“ f] b]lvG5 . -hgfp 3G6L aH5 ._ zAbfy{ 43 cZnLn M 5f8f hfl] vd M vt/f bbg{ fs M b'Mvk\"0f{ ck/fw M ug{ gxg' ] sfd, s;}sf] gfS] ;fgL xg' ] sfd ufDeLo{ M ulx/fO, uxgtf kl| ta4tf M c7f6] , kl| t1f g]kfnL M sIff (

!*= xfdf| zl} Ifs kf7o\\ jm| dx¿n] Jofj;flos / /fh] uf/dn\" s kf7o\\ jm| dnfO{ hf8] lbgk' 5{ . ;/sf/n] klg /fh] uf/L lbg] sfoj{ m| dx¿sf] thd'{ f ugk'{ 5{ . xfdL ljBfyLx{ ¿af6 klg ;rt] gfsf sfoj{ |mdnfO{ cufl8 a9fpgk' 5{ . ul/aL lgjf/0fsf af/]df :yfgLo lgsfobl] v dflyNnf] tx;Dd ;j+ ]bgzLn x'g'k5{ . u/} ;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿nfO{ ;rt] gf km}nfpg] sfdsf] lhDd]jf/L lbg'k5{ . o;f] ug{ ;lsof] eg] o; ck/fwnfO{ k\"0f{ ¿kdf lgoGq0f ug{ kSs} ;lsG5 . olt eGb} d cfkmg\\ f] egfOnfO{ k0\" fl{ j/fd lbG5' . !(= pb3\\ f]ifs M ca ;fyL dgfh] tfdfªnfO{ o;} ljifodf cfkm\\gf ljrf/x¿ /flvlbgsf nflu xflb{s cg/' fw] ub5{ ' . @)= ;efWoIf dxfb] o, k|d'v cltlyHo\", lg0ffo{ s d08n, cfb/0fLo u'?ju{, k|ltofu] L tyf cGo d]/f ;fyLx¿ ¤ @!= o; jSt[tf k|ltof]lutfdf efu lng kfpb“ f v';L nfu]sf] 5 . d dfgj a]rlavg / ltgsf] lg/fs/0fsf ;DaGwdf cfkm\\gf ljrf/x¿ JoSt u5'{ . @@= cfh, ljjs] zLn dflgPsf] dfgj kf| 0fL kz';/x laj|mL ljt/0f xb'“ f] 5 . o;eGbf a9L be' f{Uok0\" f{ s/' f s] x'g ;S5 / ¤ o:tf] l:yltsf] l;hg{ fn] xfdf| ] ;dfh a9L ef]StfjfbL xb“' } uPsf] 5 . k;} fdv' L kj| l[ Q / gl} tstfsf] xf| ;n] klg dfG5n] ] dfG5n] fO{ al] r/xs] f] l:ylt 5 . clzIff, ul/aL, a/] f]huf/L / o'4sf] ke| fjn] klg dfgj ar] lavg a9\\bf] 5 . ;DkGg / ljkGg /fi6«sf larsf dflg;x¿sf] hLjg:t/df ePsf] leGgtf klg o; lsl;dsf] ;d:ofsf] sf/s xf] . @#= xfd|f] b]z g]kfndf ljz]if u/L ufp“af6 ;x/lt/ dflg;x¿sf] k/f]If Jofkf/ x'g] u/]sf] kfOG5 . jb} l] zs /fh] uf/sf gfddf sfgg' sf cfv“ f 5n/] g]kfnaf6 kz| :t dflg;x¿ al] rPsf 5g\\ . o;/L al] rPsfx¿nfO{ j]Zofj[lQ, ;s;{ , 3/fo;L sfdbf/, pBf]udf >lds / vfgLdf dhb/' sf ¿kdf sfddf nufpg] u/s] f] kfOG5 . a]rlavgdf k/s] f sltko dflg;x¿sf] ldufn{} fnufotsf cª\\ux¿ a]Rg] u/s] f tYox¿ klg xfdf| ;fd'Gg] g} 5g\\ . -hgfp 3G6L aH5 ._ zAbfy{ lgjf/0f M x6fpg] sfd ;rt] gf M rt] gf;lxt efS] tfjfbL M vfglkg, efu] ljnf; / df]hd:tLdf /dfpg'k5{ eGg] dfGotf ePsf] 44 g]kfnL M sIff (

@$= sg' } klg ;d:ofn] ;dfwfg cfkm}“ afs] ]/ cfPsf] xG' 5 elgG5 . To:t} dfgj a]rlavgsf] ;d:of klg sg' } kf| s[lts ;d:of xf]Og . of] lgtfGt dfgj ;dfhaf6 l;lh{t ;d:of xf] . To;n} ] o;sf] ;dfwfg klg xfdL ;a} tx / tKsfsf dflg;n] g} ldn/] ug{'k5{ . o;sf nflu /fHosf ;o+ GqnfO{ ;zSt agfOg'k5{ . lzIff / rt] gfsf nx/x¿ xfdf| x/s] a:tL a:tLdf kU' g'k5{ . ljBfyL{x¿ klg rt] gf lj:tf/sf ;j+ fxsx¿ xg' \\ . o;}n] o; lsl;dsf] lgsi[ 6 / dfgjtfxLg sfo{sf lj?4 ;lj|mo x'g ;Dk0\" f{ ljBfyL{nfO{ cfx\\jfg u5'{ . wGojfb ¤ @%= pb3\\ f]ifs M ca cfhsf] kl| tof]lutfsf clGtd jStfsf ¿kdf cfkm\\gf ljrf/x¿ /flvlbgsf nflu ;fyL /dfnfO{ cg'/f]w u5'{ . @^= o; ul/dfdo ;efsf ;efWoIf dxfb] o, kd| v' cltlyHo,\" lg0ff{os d08n, cfb/0fLo u'?ju{ tyf ;fyLx¿ ¤ @&= ;jk{ y| d dn} ] o; jStt[ f kl| tofl] utfdf efu lng] cj;/ kfPsfdf cfof]hskl| t xflb{s cfef/ JoSt ub{5' . k\"j{jStf ;fyLx¿n] dfgj a]rlavg tyf cf];f/k;f/ sfo{sf ;DaGwdf cfkmg\\ f ljrf/x¿ /flv;Sg'ePsf] 5 . d eg] dfgj a]rlavg / cf];f/k;f/sf] Jofkf/n] g]kfn / ljZj kl/jz] df kf/s] f] k|efjtkm{ ;a}sf] Wofg s]lGbt| u/fpg rfxG5' . @*= dfgj ar] lavgsf] bfo/f jf If]qsf cfwf/df xb] f{ o;sf b'O{ cf]6f k|sf/ 5g,\\ bz] leq} ul/g] ar] lavg / Ps bz] af6 / csf{] bz] df xg' ] Jofkf/ . lxhfc] fh t /fHon] sfdbf/ k7fpg kl| taGw nufPsf d'n'sx¿df klg sfgg' sf] cfv“ f 5n]/ / cs}{ b]zsf] af6f] agfP/ klg dflg;x¿sf] ar] lavg eO/x]sf] 5 . o;tkm{ klg ;a}sf] Wofg hfg cfjZos 5 . @(= dfgj ar] lavg h:tf] ljj]sxLg sfo{ lsg x'G5 / s;/L ul/G5 t < o; k];fnfO{ dnhn ug{] sfd ljz]if u/L k};f / kbsf] b?' kof]u ug{]x¿n] g} a9L dfqfdf u/]sf] b]lvG5 . cfkm\\g} lrghfg / gftfuf]tfs} dfG5]af6 klg ljZjf;3ft u/L o; lsl;dsf] ck/fw ub}{ cfPsf] klg kfOG5 . ;du|df eGg] xf] eg] cfly{s nfesf nflu ¥ofn rx' fpgx] ¿n] g} o; lsl;dsf cdfgjLo sfo{ u/]sf 5g\\ . #)= ;efWoIfHo\", dfgj a]rlavg / cf];f/k;f/ ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfgsf nflu s]xL ;'emfj /fVg rfxG5' . o; ck/fwnfO{ lgoGq0f ug{ ;j{k|yd sfgg' L k|fjwfg alnof] agfpgk' 5{ / ePsf] sfg'gsf] plrt sfof{Gjog x'g'kb5{ . To;n} ] jtd{ fg sfgg' df /xs] f sdhf/] L ;w' f/ zAbfy{ ;j+ fxs M /fd|/L jxg ug{], /fdf| ] g]tT[ jstf{ lgsi[ 6 M tR' 5, gLr kl/jz] M 7fp“, ;do / jftfj/0f ljZjf;3ft M ljZjf; eª\\u ug{] sfd gk] fnL M sIff ( 45