Basic knowledge of Thai language_15-08-17

Thai Language –Basic knowledge of Thai Language

Middle Low Falling High Raising- \^/ ˇMaa Màà Mââ Máá MăăKaa Kàà Kââ Káá KăăTaa Tàà Tââ Táá TăăPaa Pàà Pââ Páá Păă

How much is this ?Thaô Rai Khráb / KháWhat time is it ?Kiì Mong Láéo Khá / KhrábSee you next weekJer Kan Arthít NââDo you understand ?Khâô Jai Máí Khá / Khráb

Can you eat spicy ?Kin Phèd Dâî Máí ?Where is the restroom ?Hông Nám Yùù Náí ?I need helpChûâi Nòi Khâ / KhrábWhich way to the market ?TaLad Pai Thang Náí

Greeting:I A: Sawàtdii Khráb B: Sawàtdii KhâA : Sawatdii KhrábB : Sawatdii KhâA : Khun Chûe Arai Khráb?B : Chán Chûe B Khâ. Khun La Khá?A : Phŏm Chue A KhrábB : Khun Maa Jaak PraThet Arai Kha?A : Phŏm Maa Jaak PraThet………… Khráb

Greeting:II A: Sawàtdii Khráb, Ja Pai Năĭ Khráb? B: Kam-Lang Ja Pai Rian KhâGreeting:III A: Sawàtdii Khráb, Kam-Lang Tham Arai Yùù Khráb? B: Kam-Lang Aàn Năng-Sue Khâ

Greeting:IV A: Pai Năĭ Maa Khráb? B: Pai Súe Khǒng MaaGreeting:V A: Pen Yang Ngai Bââng Khráb? B: Kô Rûeai Rûeai Khâ

Greeting:VI A: Wââ Ngai? B: Kô Rûeai Rûeai KhâGreeting * A: Sawàtdii Khráb, Sabai-Dii Ruě Khráb? B: Sabai-Dii Khâ , Khun Lâ Khá? A: Sabai-Dii Khráb

Taking leave:I A: Phŏm Pai Kòn Ná Khráb B: Chen Khâ Láéo Jer KanTaking leave:II A: Pai Kòn Ná B: Láéo Jer KanTaking leave :III A: Láéo Jer Kan B: Láéo Jer kan

Thanking :I A: Khob khun Khráb B: Mâi Pen Rai KhâThanking :II A: Khob Jai B: Mâi Pen Rai Khâ

Apology :I A: Khǒthod Khráb B: Mâi Pen Rai Khâ

Exercise:1. Mr. A meets Ms. B for the first time. They greet each other2. Mr. X meets Ms. Y for the first time. He introduces himself and asks her name.

Middle Low Falling High Raising- \^/ ˇMaa Màà Mââ Máá MăăKaa Kàà Kââ Káá KăăTaa Tàà Tââ Táá TăăPaa Pàà Pââ Páá Păă

The main characteristic of Thailanguage1. Thai language is uninflected. Different from English, words in Thai can be independently put in a sentence without changing the form due to the various sentence’s conditions, such as number,tense, gender, etc.She goes to school.Ther Pai Rong RianThey go to school.Phûâk Khăŏ Pai Rong Rian She went to school yesterday.Mûâ Waan Ther Pai Rong Rian

The main characteristic of Thai language2. As there is no change of the word form, the positions of words in a sentence are extremely important. Wrong positions can cause wrong functions and meanings. Actually a Thai sentence has the same basic structure like in English. Subject + Verb + Object The position of the adverb of time or place is normally at the beginning or at the end of the sentence whereas the adverb of manner can only be at the end.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 89 10Adv. Subject Adj. Negative Adv. Verb Object Adj. Adv. Adv.time time Khun A -- - Wîng - manner - Chôb̂ - Phŏm - - Reo - Phŏm -- - AaHăăn Pàt - - - -- Rian PhaSăă - - Thúk Thai Wan- Phŏm - - - MaaJààk Australia - - -- Phŏm - - - - KamLang Pai Súe Kɔ̌ng - Ja- Phŏm - Mâî - Mii Ngen - - - - -Yon Níí Phŏm - - KamLang Aààn NăngSǔe - - -Wan Níí PhûûYĭg Pŏmyao Mâî - Maa Rian -- Khăŏ - - - Phût - - Cháá -

Function Position Word1. Adverb of time Begin a sentence Mûe Waan,2. Subject Pii Thîî Láeo, Pii Kòn, Wan Kòn,3. Adjective Begin a sentence Wan Ǹíí, Phrûng Ǹíí, Mûe Cháó4. Negative form (normally) Noun, Pronoun After a noun Adjective Before Verb (normally) Mâî……..5. Adverb Before verb Kheoi, Mâî- Kheoi, Aààt-Ja, Khong, Mâî-6. Verb Khôi, Jà, Mák, Yang, KamLang, Kô, Tông, Khuan, Nââ-Ja After subject (normally) Verb7. Object After verb (normally) Noun, Pronoun All adverb of manner e.g. Reo, Mââk, Kèng9. Adverb of manner Appear at the end10. Adverb of Only end of a sentence Sa-Meǒ, Bòi-Bòi, Thâô-Nán, Kô ..Dûâi frequently

Type of Question Correspondence Tob (Reply)1. Arai What Detail2. Krai Who People3. Mûe-Rai When / What hour? Time4. Thâô-Rai, Kìì… How much / How many Number5. Yang Ngai How…? Explain6. Châî Máí Is it….? Yes/No, (Châî/ Mâî Châî) Can…? Yes/ No, (Dâî/ Mâî Dâî)7. Dâî Máí Do you have…? Yes/ No, (Mii/ Mâî Mii)8. Mii Máí Have….ever…? Ever/ Never, (Kəy, Mâî-Kəy)9. Kheoi…. Máí Whether or not Yes/ No (Châî/ Mâî Châî)10. …. Rʉʉ̌ Where Place11. Năĭ Why Explain, Reason12. Tam Mai

The main characteristic of Thailanguage3. The position of an adjective or adverb is almost always behind its main word.4. An adjective in a sentence, which follows verb “to be” is regarded in Thai as a verb.I am a nurse = Chăn Pen PayaabaanI am ABAC student = Pŏm Pen NákSùekSăă ABAC5. Thai language has no article.

The main characteristic of Thailanguage6. Thai language has no ending sound. For example: • Types of Sport: football, games, golf • Fruit: apple, strawberry • Computer etc.7. Tense is not a serious point in Thai grammar. It does not cause the change of the word form or the structure or the sentence. The Thai make the tense of their sentences clear by simply using an adverb of time,

The main characteristic of Thailanguagesuch as:• “Kamlang” indicates Present continuous• “Kamlang….Yuu” indicates Present perfect continuous tense.• “Maa” indicates Present perfect tense.• “ja” indicates Future tense.• “Kamlang Ja” indicates A near future.• “Laeo” indicates Both past and perfect tenses.

The main characteristic of Thailanguage8. Thai language has classification nouns, which mostly stand behind the main words.9. One word can have different functions and meanings. This depends on where that words stands in the sentence.10. Thai is a tonal language. Each syllable has always a definite tone. The syllable or words which have the same consonants and vowels but different tones are regarded as different words and have different meanings.