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BORSSELE III & IV OWF OWF OWF OWF BORSSELE I & II MERKUR DEUTSCHE BUCHT VEJA MATE Helicopter Logistics Deutsche Bucht Trianel Windpark Borkum I Helicopter Logistics Vessel Agency Vessel Agency O&M Base Merkur Gemini Vessel Agency Port Logistics Helicopter Logistics YOUR INTERFACE FOR OFFSHORE Ten Noorden van de Waddeneilanden WIND LOGISTICS FROM STRATEGIC Borkum Ri grund II SITUATED HUBS Vessel Agency IJmuiden Ver Hollandse Kust E Hollandse Kust Noord Vessel Agency Hollandse Kust West Egmond aan Zee Princess Amalia Vessel Agency Luchterduinen Hollandse Kust Zuid West Hollandse Kust Zuid Hollandse Kust F Vessel Agency Helicopter Logistics Commissioning Borssele IV Borssele I Helicopter Logistics Helicopter Logistics Borssele III Borssele II [email protected] Helicopter Logistics Helicopter Logistics GEMINI WINDPARK OWF OWF OWF TRIANEL BORKUM BORKUM II RIFFGRUND II OWF VEJA MATE

TALKING POINT ‘Being there where the wind industry develops’ As a leading energy logistics service provider, DHSS is the single point of contact for offshore energy related companies in the field of ships agency services, port logistics and helicopter operations. ‘We unburden all stakeholders involved in the offshore energy industry; from vessel owners to charterers and service-related companies,’ says Wim Schouwenaar, founder and owner of DHSS. ‘Our services are going beyond.’ 102 PES WIND

TALKING POINT He has more than thirty years of experience Transit into offshore wind This project caught our eye on this strategic in the offshore related industry and founded area: we saw major renewable developments DHSS in 1997 as a sole proprietorship. DHSS’ involvement in wind started in 2016 were taking place on the German continental Through the years, a lot of challenges have with the construction of the Gemini shelf, with Eemshaven being the perfect strengthened the company, which nowadays Offshore Wind Farm. This wind farm was operational base for all vessel related contains a team of nearly 50 staff members built by Siemens Gamesa and Van Oord. ‘We logistics in this region. Also, we recognized spread out at five A1 locations in the coordinated the helicopter transport of the the shift of various of our O&G clients, Netherlands and project locations in France technicians and vessel crew from Den adjusting their sails also towards the and UK, used as supporting points for Helder Airport, while the vessel operations renewable sector. offshore wind developments. The company were taken care of from the marshalling has spread its wings on international scale. port Eemshaven. That is why, in addition to our depots in Den WWW.PESWIND.COM 103

TALKING POINT Helder and IJmuiden, we decided to establish The involvement of DHSS in wind, from 2019 Wim Schouwenaar our support base in Eemshaven in 2017.’ onwards, has taken off rapidly. This to comply with the Dutch goal: The Netherlands for the future. Our vision was right: at the beginning of 2018, aims to raise the EU ambition for 2030 from DHSS won a long-term contract for wind farm 40% to 55% emission reduction. Moreover, the service execution level of Merkur at the German continental shelf. DHSS supporting team is being recognized The energy logistics service company is or by the industry. Whether it’s vessel port call ‘That gave us the opportunity to continue has been involved in the development of all services or required helicopter operations. further development of our presence in this offshore wind farms in the Dutch sector so port. Our collaborative approach, together far. Including the world’s largest windfarm in Project management organisation with an eye for added value for a port an inland waterway, wind farm Fryslân. environment, a new base was built in Next to the logistic handling of crew and Eemshaven together with a ships waste Port of IJmuiden equipment, which are daily continuous management company, with whom DHSS processes, DHSS provides project shares its current location. With our further In 2020, the expansion of the local add-ons of warehouse management with a presence of DHSS in Port of IJmuiden has variety of offshore containers at our yard become a fact. By opening an offshore and a helicopter terminal at the same base, terminal at an A1 ISPS location at the all our core activities are executed from one entrance of the port, DHSS has anticipated base, situated at walk-to-work distance for future offshore wind developments at from our clients.’ the Westcoast of the Netherlands. On a daily basis, DHSS handles CTVs and Since the opening of the Ijmuiden base, a serves Service Operations Vessels, variety of vessels visited the DHSS terminal, installation and W2W vessels as a full-service being served 24/7. From survey vessels, supplier with a team of operational and mapping the future offshore wind sites, to customs experts. jack-up installation vessels, walk-to-work vessels as well as daily CTVs are calling upon Building the name the expertise of DHSS’ staff. In 2019, when DHSS was awarded a fifteen- By contract awards with various stakeholders year contract by Vestas, the name of the involved with the development of wind farm company started to sing around in the Hollandse Kust Zuid and Hollandse Kust renewable industry. Not only in Eemshaven, Noord the name of DHSS and the long-term but on a much wider scale. strategy of the organisation is being moulded 104 PES WIND

TALKING POINT management service support for the Covid-19 administrators has been involved in offshore energy shipping for exchange, repairs, overhauling and established, to arrange and supervise Covid almost 25 years and same goes for its inspection of various turbine components testing for various project teams and helicopter services. Both modalities are and other offshore assets. technicians working in different wind farms. needed in combination for the offshore energy industry. The highly qualified and experienced For example, hundreds of tests for all experts of DHSS are most commonly, technicians working at the construction of Nowadays DHSS, besides being active in the working as part of an integrated team with the inland wind farm Fryslân are organized on Netherlands, is involved in the construction the client, managing specific packages of a weekly basis. DHSS works for all parties and maintenance phase of several wind farms work and providing overall package involved in construction. The advantage of in Europe. In France and UK, DHSS aviation management support and advice to all other this is to have the complete overview and team is coordinating crew changes for five areas of the project. overall monitor the situation in the bubble, in different wind farms, acting closely with the which teams are working. vessel crews and helicopter operators. Each Various planned component exchange and involved party focusses on own core activity; repair projects for offshore wind operators, We arrange for a nurse to come at site to the vessel and crew on the work offshore, the have been managed and executed, including carry out the tests, but as well as a DHSS helicopter operator on flying, while our site adhoc requests, in time and within budget. administrator, to make sure all test results teams are the glue in between. are available same day. This service is not Working together only being caried out in the Netherlands, but Well established focus and full understanding also international at different wind farms of each other’s expertise is key to flawless As first point of contact for our clients as a under construction. execution of projects and create joint full-service provider for the offshore energy successful results, together. industry, DHSS works closely together with 25 years of project experience project teams of the client on one hand. On www.dhss.nl the other side a solid collaboration with the In terms of long-term experience, DHSS is local supply chain is key, as the industry continues 24/7. DHSS is the binding factor between supplier and the customer. We ensure that offshore contractors can focus on their tasks offshore and have minimum delay, while our teams coordinate all logistics of personnel and equipment flawlessly and make sure all client requests are handled in time. DHSS likes to be involved from the first phase: from the research into suitable wind areas, to the construction phase and operation and maintenance phase. We unburden all parties involved in a wind farm. That goes a long way: if someone has to go to the doctor, we ensure that they are picked up, taken to the doctor and comes back at the offshore site, when able to return to the job. But also, coordination of crew changes, where there is good contact with Immigration, is in trusted hands at DHSS. We aim to be recognized by our stakeholders as the partner of choice in all our service areas. The way in which we behave while working by a collaborative approach, achieving this vision is fundamental to our success. In everything we do, we are resourceful and responsive to our customers’ needs. Innovative in the solutions we apply to everyday challenges. Brexit and Covid Brexit has resulted in extra work for DHSS. Since the UK left the European Union, DHSS Customs experts are daily taking care of import and export documentation for equipment coming from and going to UK. To avoid any downtime in deliveries, the company has set up a procedure with various hauliers and partners in UK, which works like clockwork. The inhouse Customs expertise is of major importance here as well as the flexibility of the company to serve its clients. In order to keep the industry going, a team of WWW.PESWIND.COM 105

TALKING POINT Making plans for plain sailing offshore Words: K erri Hart, Senior Technical Advisor at Natural Power In July 2021 the UK government published updated requirements for the supply chain plan element of Contracts for Difference (CfD) auction round 4 (AR4). So, as we move forward and prepare for the next round, we must use experience from previous CfD auctions and share insights into key challenges for developers to consider, particularly in relation to the supply chain and the creation of new jobs in the offshore wind sector. 106 PES WIND

TALKING POINT The UK government plans to grow UK growing pressure on the industry to ensure one of the highest operational capacity of offshore wind generation to 40 GW by 2030, the supply chain has the capacity to support offshore wind farms (more than 10 GW) in the which means that offshore wind would have the demand and future growth of the sector. world, along with China (which has the the potential to power every home in the highest) and Germany. This has attracted UK. Offshore wind is currently one of the For example, key players such as Siemens major offshore wind developers to the UK fastest growing markets across the globe Gamesa Renewable Energy, GE and Vestas and, in turn, this has helped to drive forward and having a robust and reliable supply chain dominate the offshore wind turbine market, the growth of the UK supply chain. is of great importance to enable the and each one has introduced offshore expansion of this sector. turbines rated as high as 15 MW to their Manufacturing facilities exist all across the product line between 2020 and 2021. UK providing a range of offshore products With a rapidly growing number of large-scale such as array and export cables, wind turbine projects looking to source turbines from a The UK, being an island nation with a strong components, and installation and service small number of manufacturers, there is wind resource, is ideally situated as a leader vessels. The following two case studies help in offshore wind energy. As such, the UK has illustrate the continued and future growth of the UK offshore supply chain. Case study: Alexandra Dock, Hull One of the most significant investments in the UK supply chain was seen in Hull’s Alexandra Dock with the completion of an offshore wind turbine blade production and installation facility in 2017. The £310million Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy facility currently employs more than 1,000 people. Following an investment of £186m, the blade manufacturing facility is to be doubled in size to allow for the manufacture of larger blades, and the upgrade is planned to be completed in 2023. The facility initially produced blades that were 75m in length. With the latest product offerings having blades larger than 100m, an upgrade to the plant will bring significant benefits to the UK economy, including the creation of at least 200 new jobs. Hornsea Two, the world’s largest offshore wind farm, will comprise 165 Siemens Gamesa 8.0-167 DD turbines in which the majority of the blades will be manufactured at Siemens’ facility in Hull. Hornsea Two, which is being developed by Ørsted, is on track to be completed next year and will provide enough clean electricity to power more than 5.5 million homes. According to Ørsted, it has invested more than £10billlion during the past ten years constructing its UK offshore wind farms. This has significantly boosted local economies through the creation of highly-skilled jobs, local facilities, and competitive, export-orientated local supply chains. Case study: Forth Ports, Edinburgh On 25 May 2021, Forth Ports announced ambitious proposals for the creation of Scotland’s largest renewable energy hub on a 175-acre site at the Port of Leith.1 This investment (estimated at £40m) is said to have the potential to provide up to 1,000 longer-term jobs and around 2,000 indirect jobs, and it would directly enhance the supply chain and manufacturing capabilities of the UK. The total area of the facility would be the equivalent to around 100 full-sized football pitches. The location is also ideal in relation to the planned developments in the North Sea and future projects which will 1 https://www.forthports.co.uk/latest-news/ambi- tious-renewable-energy-hub-plans-unveiled-for- the-port-of-leith/ WWW.PESWIND.COM 107

TALKING POINT further enable the UK to increase its share 46 of local content. ke Enhancing the UK supply chain is not only the 1 by-product of investment from key industry players looking to expand their markets and Key portfolios, but it is also the responsibility of the government to push forward the UK’s Operational renewable energy targets. As part of the UK Under Construction government’s industrial strategy, the Consented offshore wind sector deal was created in Planned 2019 to drive forward the transformation of UK Companies Active in offshore wind generation to enable it to be Offshore Wind part of a low cost, low-carbon grid system and boost the productivity and Figure 1: Locations of offshore wind supply chain companies in the UK (Source: “Industrial Strategy: Offshore Wind Sector Deal”, competitiveness of the UK supply chain.2 HM Government, 2019) Figure 1 below shows an illustration of companies across the UK that are active in chain plan that fails to pass the criteria at the Each section is worth 500 points, and the offshore wind supply chain. point in which the project is operational is applicants that achieve a score of less than reduced. This consistency in government 50% in any of the sections are unlikely to pass. As part of the sector deal, the UK approach will bring significant comfort to government has committed to providing developers looking to take part in future CfD Green growth £557 million for the future CfD auctions and auctions in the UK. policy support for offshore wind. The green growth criteria relate to reaching This approach to local content is a positive net zero and the contribution to levelling up So how does the CfD auction system work step, as it creates a degree of certainty for the UK economy by strengthening supply and what is its role in supporting the supply? early stages of development and facilitates chains through impactful investments that early-stage commitments as part of the expand capability and capacity, but also The Contract for Difference (CfD) is the main planning process. embed sustainable business practices. The support mechanism from the UK approach to procurement should also government for the promotion and growth of The Department for Business, Energy & promote a diversified and confident supply a low-carbon energy sector. It is a contract Industrial Strategy (BEIS) provided the most chain with a willingness to award contracts to between a generator and the low carbon recent publication of the SCP and new entrants. This will help build confidence contracts company (LCCC) to provide a questionnaire on 7 July 2021. The supply in the wider supply chain. project with a stable income, while chain plan questionnaire assessment for protecting consumers from paying increased allocation round 4 (AR4) is based on four The changes in the SCP criteria for AR4 will costs when electricity prices are high. For a sections. These are green growth, help build on the foundations that have been project with a generation capacity of more infrastructure, innovation, and skills. established in previous rounds and will than 300 MW, to qualify for CfD, an approved encourage new players into the supply chain, supply chain plan (SCP) must be provided to the National Grid. In May 2021 the UK government provided a response to a consultation on the changes to supply chain plans and the CfD contract3 for applicants wishing to enter a CfD allocation round for projects of 300 MW and more. The response included a decision to implement its proposal for an operational condition precedent (OCP) with the potential consequence of contract termination if a generator failed to provide a supply chain implementation report certificate. Additionally, the assessment of a developer’s delivery of its supply chain commitments will be brought forward to shortly after a project’s milestone delivery date (MDD) rather than at project commissioning, as previously suggested. Developers must prove they will fulfil the obligations of the CfD by MDD and this includes the supply chain assessment, which is required shortly after. Therefore, the risk of having a CfD withdrawn due to a supply 2 ‘Industrial Strategy: Offshore Wind Sector Deal’, HM Government, 2019. 3 ‘Contracts for Difference for Low Carbon Electricity Generation: Government response to consultation of the changes to Supply Chain Plans and the CfD contract’, Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy, May 2021. 108 PES WIND

TALKING POINT ‘Having local outreach to schools and other education centres as well as providing apprenticeships will help promote long-term education and skills training, which will ultimately support individuals in the sector.’ as the scoring process carries a significant supporting infrastructure in place to be or 7th to 8th July 2022 (longest timeline). portion of points for promoting new delivered successfully. entrants. This supports the Just Transition *The government has extended the time for principles,4 most notably by creating This is of particular importance when CfD applications as the window falls across ‘opportunities to develop resource efficient considering floating offshore wind, which is the festive holiday period. and sustainable economic approaches’. identified as a Pot 2 technology in CfD AR45 for which several projects are expected to apply. With the deadlines for CfD allocation round 4 Innovation rapidly approaching, the push for Skills demonstrating commitment to local content The innovation criteria are based on and the net zero target is critical for players innovative technologies, ideas and process Again, in accordance with the Just Transition looking to secure CfD on upcoming projects. that can reduce the cost of projects and principles, this category is aimed ensuring The UK has already seen impressive growth overcoming technical challenges. It is that a skilled workforce and necessary in its local supply chain during the past few important to demonstrate long-term training will be provided through the creation years and has set ambitious targets to stability and resilience of the supply chain of long-term jobs and commitment to continue to pave the way as a global leader in while assigning sufficient resources to R&D, education and investment while also offshore wind. with specific consideration for small and promoting diversity and inclusion. Having medium enterprises (SMEs), in the local outreach to schools and other About Natural Power development of innovative and next- education centres as well as providing generation technology and techniques, with apprenticeships will help promote long-term Natural Power is an independent a willingness to be a first mover in trialling education and skills training, which will consultancy and service provider that these in projects. ultimately support individuals in the sector. supports a global client base in the More than half of the available points in this effective delivery of a wide range of This is a positive step in enabling new category are awarded for providing jobs and renewable projects including onshore businesses to expand their reach into the opportunities for apprenticeships, trainees wind, solar, renewable heat, energy offshore wind sector and provide the next and scholarships. storage and offshore technologies. It generation of technology and experts that has a global reach, employing more than might not have been able to compete with Timetable and process for CfD allocation 400 staff across 14 international more established players. round 4: offices. Its experience extends across all phases of the project lifecycle from Infrastructure • Supply chain plan application window: 27th initial feasibility, through construction September to 3rd October 2021. to operations and throughout all stages Investment in related and supporting of the transaction cycle. industries forms one of the tenets of Porter’s • C fD application window: 13th December Diamond, the measure of competitiveness of 2021 to 14th January 2022.* www.naturalpower.com a potential market. This element of the SCP is aimed at increasing investment in • S ealed bid window: 9th to 29th March 2022 www.linkedin.com/company/natural- infrastructure and increasing the capabilities (shortest timeline) or 4th May to 15th June power and competitiveness of local supply chains to 2022 (longest timeline). drive down costs and risks. This category was www.twitter.com/Natural_Power not part of the previous AR3 SCP criteria and, • CfD notification to successful applicants: as such, is an important addition to ensure 22nd to 25th April 2022 (shortest timeline) www.instagram.com/ proposed projects will have the necessary naturalpowerrenewables 5 h ttps://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/ 4 https://www.gov.scot/groups/just-transition- government/uploads/system/uploads/ commission/ attachment_data/file/937634/cfd-proposed- amendments-scheme-2020-ar4-government- response.pdf WWW.PESWIND.COM 109

2022OmUeTdiNaOdWata WIND POWER NOT HOT AIR Lanthan Safe Sky Associated British Ports TÜV SÜD Conference call Womble Bond Dickinson Fraunhofer IWES TÜV SÜD Conference calls WunderOcean DNV VertAx Ltd ABGI UK Discussing aircraft The latest on the UK’s drive Lifetime extension: PES looks back on a Demystifying the law Can hydrogen take all the The challenges of storing Previewing Global A look into sizing of wind South East Asia’s energy Steven Peace explains Graham Beck discusses detection lighting toward net zero making full use of real and virtual show: behind renewable glory for the decarbonization hydrogen for safe long Offshore Wind and turbine generators demand looks set for where the offshore wind advancing wind energy systems (ADLS) installed capacity a true hybrid investment and generation of our society? distance travel Offshore Energy Exhibition explosive growth sector is set to expand science across all elements & Conference, as they of the turbine lifecycle make their 2021 return WIND WIND WIND We are delighted to bring you the very latest product All of the latest news, views and pioneering We are pleased to bring you some of the most recent innovation & developments from across the global innovations from across the industry. Including show innovation & product developments from the global wind industry, along with looking into some of the previews, product updates, expert analysis, insights wind sector. We also look into some of the advances in major policy developments across the sector. We are and opinions from the leading players. project installation & industry legislation. We are thrilled excited to bring you some of the thoughts & views from to bring you some views and insight from several industry several of the industry’s key players & leading names. PLUS, industry legislation, objective assessment on mainstays, as well as from more recent movers and shakers. key issues and a huge amount of food for thought in PLUS, enjoy our latest helping of incisive insight, this evolving and exciting energy sector. PLUS, enjoy our latest objective assessment, opinion opinion & analysis & industry analysis POWER AND ENERGY SOLUTIONS • ISSUE 1, 2021 POWER AND ENERGY SOLUTIONS • ISSUE 3, 2021 POWER AND ENERGY SOLUTIONS • ISSUE 2, 2021 SMART JUST GOT SMARTER An already intelligent sector is evolving further still. ROBOTICS: WORKING SMARTER THE FUTURE? WHILE WORKING HARDER © Messe München © Jan Kopřiva on Unsplash WIND ENERGY’S ESSENTIAL MEDIA DESTINATION 18,000+ READERS EXTENSIVE ONLINE AND MOBILE REACH BIG NAME INTERVIEWS NEWS, VIEWS AND ANALYSIS UNMISSABLE FEATURES AND AGENDA-SETTING COMMENT email [email protected] today www.peswind.com



ASK THE EXPERTS Upping the stakes: expanding horizons As wind turbines get bigger, wind parks larger and authorities and safety standards are continuously raised by authorities and energy companies, offshore shipping becomes more and more specialised. PES caught up with Sven Boedewig, Managing Director of Waterworks Offshore Concepts, to find out how modern ship finance is meeting high-quality brokerage to get a fair deal. PES: Hi Sven, welcome to PES Wind, it’s brokerage to being a financial intermediate vessels working in offshore wind. great to feature you and Waterworks and advisor, we deal with ship finance Offshore Concepts again in this interview projects and investments which has kept us PES: You just mentioned M&A, where does following the chat we had with your Partner busy so far this year. Plus, we are working that come in? Valentin earlier this year. more and more on merger and acquisition (m&a) related projects. SB: Our involvement in M&A projects Sven Boedewig: My pleasure and thanks for developed its own dynamic, but has proven having us! We have come a long way since the PES: Would you say the strategy shift has to be a very interesting part of our daily last interview and are happy to share our been the right decision for Waterworks? business, with great potential. Within finance progress and elaborate on our key services. projects, we are sometimes in very early SB: Yes, definitely. We feel very fortunate to say stage talks with our clients on a specific PES: What has been keeping you busy so far that feedback from the market has been very project, which is when the discussion can in 2021? positive and we quickly managed to work on reach a very high level. In that moment, we new projects. These have mostly been on asset- have more than once seen the discussion SB: Since our shift from competitive backed debt finance and equity investments in shift towards ‘we might need to find a 112 PES WIND

ASK THE EXPERTS strategic partner for the long term’ or ‘if we interest from investors and financial Sven Boedewig sell the company, we might start this project institutions in the offshore renewable energy under a new umbrella with the proceeds’. industry, swapping over from the traditional PES: It seems as if Waterworks has shipping industry as well. managed a successful transition. What do We are not a full-service M&A advisory firm, you think was key within the process? but we managed to establish a lean approach The Offshore Wind industry and the interest to M&A where our clients see the benefit of worldwide is booming more than ever. The SB: Key was 100% commitment. Once we utilizing our network of potential investors relatively low cost of offshore wind is acting as made the decision to concentrate on ship for a smaller fee and no retainers. an incentive for investment in the sector, with finance and the M&A line of business, we the cost of electricity from offshore wind falling dedicated almost all our time and efforts to An upturn in offshore wind M&A is taking by more than 66% since 2012. This trend, it. We wanted to avoid the impression of just place as energy companies look to reposition combined with various government incentives adding a service to our existing portfolio themselves and prepare for a renewables to boost investment in the sector, will ensure without delivering on our promise. future. A total of 36 deals worth US$7.7 billion that offshore wind dealmaking continues to took place in the offshore wind sector in accelerate over the course of 2021. PES: Many companies offer digital solutions 2020, compared to 25 deals worth US$5.2 to complement their services, anything in billion in 2019. Dealmaking momentum has On top of that, Investors are increasingly the making on your side? continued into 2021, with a total of 12 deals looking for alternatives to the asset light announced in the first quarter up from seven internet tech companies that are being valued SB: We as Waterworks are not in the business deals in Q1 2020. Europe in fact continues to at out-of-this-world numbers with extremely to build digital solutions and we don’t have generate the majority of dealmaking activity high cash-burn rates. The trend is going the expertise to do so. Which is why we in the sector, attracting 11 of the 12 deals towards ‘real’ values with assets to back up the partnered with DECK 1 (www.deck1.com), an announced during the first quarter but other valuation, while offshore wind also ticks the online marketplace to effectively charter countries are speeding up the offshore wind Environmental, Social and Governance box and vessels, helicopters and drones in a most M&A activities as well. delivers clean energy. Shareholders maximizing efficient and sustainable way exclusively to pressure on big companies to follow that trend the offshore wind market. We have looked at PES: Interesting, sounds like a whole new will also drive further investments into offshore other digital platforms on the market, but service category you can offer. wind related companies. Deck 1 build a very capable tool for owners and project developers and we are looking SB: It certainly is. Investor interest is high, PES: Since you mentioned worldwide forward to building up the marketplace with not only in the vessels as single assets but interest, are you still concentrating on them, starting with crew transfer vessels to also in whole companies. This means Europe primarily? go up in asset size step-by-step. shipowners, technology enablers or service providers in the offshore wind space. We SB: Europe will always be our home turf, but as www.waterworks-offshore.com have seen this in the market as well with BW the industry opens doors to interest from taking over Ideol, or Eneti buying Seajacks, companies and investors worldwide, we are just to name two examples. And this is just expanding our horizon as well. Recently, we the beginning. We expect rapidly increasing have opened our US branch office on the east coast to be closer to the industry we serve. As Europe has been one of the leading countries for ship investments in the past, today the majority of our investing clients come from the US, which is also a side-effect of the Biden administrations’ offshore wind related plans. PES: Besides the new US office, are you also looking to grow in other regions? SB: No, the US has been on the top of our list for quite some time now, but otherwise we will concentrate on manifesting our client base in Europe. Hence, we are pleased to welcome new experts to strengthen our headquarter team in Hamburg as well. WWW.PESWIND.COM 113

ASK THE EXPERTS Lift off for efficient, cost- effective turbine assembly 114 PES WIND

ASK THE EXPERTS How do you make sure that safety, effectiveness, price-performance ratio and service are all in good shape in wind turbine installation? Manfred Eberhard, CEO of Germany based ematec AG, enlightens PES on how a new generation of rotor blade lifters may be about to revolutionise single blade assembly from the ground up. PES: It’s great to have you with us Manfred calculation. With us, this is only a one-off and to learn more about where ematec sits cost and you can continue to work with your within the wind industry. Could you start usual equipment in the long term. This not with a brief overview of what you do? only increases quality on the construction site, but also efficiency. The fact that our Manfred Eberhard: It’s great to be here. concept works can be seen with our ematec AG is a leading supplier of rotor customers: Siemens Gamesa or Nordex, who blade lifters for single blade assembly of have 17 ematec lifters and now Enercon is wind turbines. Using innovative solutions, joining them too. we have revolutionized the assembly PES: Enercon has ordered six RBC-D process of wind turbines in recent years. Greenline systems. Is this a record order for you? Our current RBC and RBC-D generation ME: Indeed, this is the largest single order in lifters offer a unique concept; thanks to the our company’s history and a definite vote of automatic adaptive blade interface, the confidence. ematec yokes can handle all blade shapes on PES: What benefits did Enercon see in the market, regardless of the manufacturer choosing your yokes? and blade dimensions. The blades can be ME: We benefit from the fact that we tilted up to ±30 degrees and pitched up to a manufacture almost all components in our maximum of ± 8 degrees. own production facility in Memmingen; the vertical range of manufacture is extremely PES: You have repeatedly caused a stir with high. Even the hydraulic cylinders for the your lifters in recent years. What is the gimbal-mounted grip pads are developed by secret behind your success? us and produced entirely in-house. All hydraulic cylinders are equipped with ME: Our goal is to be recognized as an integrated safety valves that make it innovator for single-blade assembly of rotor impossible for the rotor blade to slip out, blades. We want to be the best in all areas; in even if it is operated incorrectly. You can see work safety, effectiveness, price- from this. performance ratio and, of course, in service On the one hand, we pay attention to all and after-sales service. We are really proud of details to optimize work and process safety. our success so far and it is not in vain that we recently invested over 1.6 million euros in the Manfred Eberhard development of the new RBC-D Greenline. PES: You mention the price: Your yokes are sometimes twice as expensive as solutions from other suppliers, is that right? ME: That’s true, but we are still more economical in the end. You just have to consider the complete life cycle. Our yokes, such as the current RBC-D Greenline, are not just designed for one or two generations of rotor blades, but for a lifespan of more than 20 years or even beyond. The adaptive blade support allows customers to use the yokes on several generations of wind turbines in a row. With other manufacturers, the yokes are always limited to a specific blade and they therefore have a very short life cycle. The installation companies always have to adjust to new equipment and train their personnel. These recurring preparation and training costs must be included in the overall WWW.PESWIND.COM 115

ASK THE EXPERTS The rotor blade lifter RBC from ematec which is able to take on and handle all blade shapes available on the market. Picture: ematec And on the other hand, we have full control management significantly easier. This is a there are no uncontrolled movements that over our own production process and are not major advantage, especially in view of the could damage the blade or jeopardize the dependent on the quality and delivery steadily increasing hub heights of wind handling process. capability of others. Enercon is convinced of turbines. We all know about the price jumps our overall package, and we are very grateful when you have to change to another crane Due to the round arc on the crosshead, the for that. class for installation. RBC and RBC-D always remain perfectly in the center of gravity, even when tilting up to PES: What makes the RBC generation PES: What does the D stand for in RBC-D? ±30 degrees. The same applies when pitching so unique? the wing up to a maximum of ±8 degrees. This HG: It stands for Double, which means that in eliminates any uncontrolled movement of ME: We have succeeded in combining a addition to the lower telescopic part of the the unit when tilting or pitching. whole range of important features in one gripper, the upper telescopic part is also yoke. The highlight, of course, is that the equipped with 14 hydraulically moved and PES: Speed is always at the essence. How yoke can accommodate all blade shapes on gimbal-mounted grip pads. These adapt to long does it take to set up the lifters ready the market, including future ones, without the shape of the blade like fingers on a hand. for use? any conversion work. This is made possible Therefore it doesn’t grip in the classic sense. by an automatic adaptive blade support It provides a rather gentle, but nevertheless ME: The lifters of the RBC series are true system that allows the yoke to adapt secure enclosure of the rotor blade. Thanks turbos in the setup and are ready for use automatically and precisely to any rotor to a very homogeneous load distribution with faster than any other lifters. Once they arrive blade shape and we have applied for a a contact area of around 10 m², nothing can at the construction site, they automatically patent for this technology. happen to the blade. move into the deployment position. The current yokes can support and handle This wide contact area makes it possible to Picking up the rotor blade is also done blade weights of up to 42 tons. The double tilt the rotor blade ±30 degrees without an automatically, by selecting the blade type on variant RBC-D can handle blade weights of additional safety rope. the display. For these two steps, the RBC up to 35 tons. lifters need just 15 to 20 minutes and then PES: How do you ensure that the RBC yoke they are ready to go. This is an absolute In addition, the RBC series impresses with a always remains in the center of gravity? record in make-ready time. tilt angle of ±30 degrees. All in all, the new traverse system can be used universally in ME: This is ensured by two counterweights This enormous time and thus cost saving on the wind power industry, both onshore and on two wings, which automatically adjust to the construction site alone means that our offshore. With a headroom of around the center of gravity, with and without the RBC yokes pay for themselves in some cases 3.5 meters, the RBC series makes crane rotor blade. This means that even when the within just one year. grab is opened after mounting on the hub, 116 PES WIND

ASK THE EXPERTS Perfectly balanced: By using two counterweights on the wings of the lifter, the RBC always finds the right center ME: The RBC batteries are designed for a of gravity. Picture: ematec working time of 16 hours at temperatures as low as -20 degrees Celsius. This means that PES: What about transportation, are there for logistics planning. three rotor blades can be assembled in one advantages here too? day, even in cold temperatures. With a The RBC lifters can be on site within one day. charging time of approximately 2.5 hours, ME: Our RBC and RBC-D are unbeatable in This flexibility was very important to us, even an empty battery is quickly ready for terms of transport dimensions. Measuring which is why we have also equipped the use again. around 13.5 m x 3 m x 2.95 m and with a current generation with the Greenline deadweight of approximately 25 tons, the battery drive. This is designed with multiple Another advantage is that thanks to our yokes can be driven in Germany, for example, redundancies and thus offers maximum Green Line technology, wind turbine with a permanent permit. reliability, something that was very appealing manufacturers bypass the stricter Euro 5 and to Enercon. USA EPA Tier 4 final emissions regulations That means there is no need for expensive that have applied to combustion engines special permits and long preliminary times PES: How long do the batteries last? since January 1 2019. We also deliberately kept the electric motor below 24 volts, which makes it easy to use in the US. and meets Underwriters Laboratories requirements. PES: Is the current RBC-D generation the definitive standard for you? ME: No, we are always developing and trying to get a bit better. We are currently already working on the RBC-D 50, a variant that can carry rotor blades weighing up to 50 tons. In doing so, we are using the experience from the current generation and all the previous lifters we have developed. I don’t want to go into too much detail, but I can already reveal this much; the new RBC-D 50 will weigh just 27 tons, but will be able to lift 50 tons. We have once again fine-tuned the entire design to be able to achieve this quantum leap. www.ematec.com Compact dimensions for the easiest possible transport: The RBC lifters can be transported with a permanent permission according to the German road traffic act § 70 StVZO. Picture: ematec WWW.PESWIND.COM 117

COMMENT Adopt a ‘renewables-first mindset’ by investing in offshore wind Words: Alexandre Golisano, Strategy Director Power Systems at Schneider Electric The UK’s offshore wind industry is forecast to account for a quarter of the world’s offshore wind capacity by 2022. It will also be the only country in the world to generate more wind power off the coast than on land. Alexandre Golisano deliver a net zero power grid by 2035. that can help us achieve this goal. It is Investing in cleaner and greener energy is a efficient, produces no greenhouse gas There is growing pressure from public and priority to push fossil fuel power off the grid. emissions, and is becoming increasingly private bodies to avert the climate crisis by popular as a renewable energy source. moving away from traditional fossil fuel Renewables and other clean technologies, power sources towards low carbon solutions. wind power, solar power, geothermal power, As part of the Build Back Greener initiative, The growth in clean energy projects, such as hydropower, battery storage, fuel cells, the government has committed to ensuring wind power and solar, is a step in the right biofuels, and more, have grown dramatically that offshore wind will produce more than direction for a sustainable future. The UK’s in adoption in the past ten years. This growth enough electricity to power every home in wind, solar and nuclear industry trade bodies has been driven in large part by falling costs. the country by 2030, based on current have made a call to action demanding the Unlike fossil fuels, which must be extracted, electricity usage. This will boost the government to set ambitious targets to shipped, processed, and combusted to government’s previous 30 GW target to generate energy, cleantech is precisely that: 40 GW by 2030. technology. Like all technology, as demand increases and product efficiency improves, While this transition is good for the costs fall. The time is ripe for increased environment, it will be a challenging one for investment in offshore wind. utilities. The country continues to reduce its reliance on fossil fuels while utilities are This article will explore why the UK energy under more significant pressure to improve industry needs to embrace the growing the efficiency and reliability of the power opportunity in offshore wind. Overcoming supply. Yet, the rise of offshore wind poses the challenges, the industry faces will play a new and unfamiliar challenges. key role in meeting the global climate goals. More support and funding mean offshore Offshore wind is the vanguard of an wind farms are expanding. Latest innovations energy revolution. mean they can be installed further out to sea. Wind turbines themselves are also increasing To sustain our own rising energy demand and in size to generate more energy, with 10MW+ bring clean, reliable energy to those still machines likely in the future. going without it, a simplified, innovative solution must be brought to customers at all The potential drawback to giant wind farms is levels of energy consumption and that bigger turbines and longer cables are conservation. Wind energy is one technology required to connect the generated power to 118 PES WIND

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COMMENT ‘To satisfy this growing appetite for climate action, more should be done to empower consumers to become ‘prosumers’ able to generate their own green energy through solar, powering their own homes and reselling access power to the grid at peak times.’ the grid. Without an innovative approach to management solutions that can improve Switching to renewable energy and solutions high-voltage switchgear, utilities run the risk power quality and stabilise the voltage. are central to stopping climate change – as of contending with more expensive up to 80% of the world’s emissions are equipment and more frequent power losses. Wind developer should also look towards caused by the fossil fuels-derived energy combining wind generation with energy used to fuel industries, economies, and our The challenges of connecting wind turbines storage to be more flexible. Batteries and daily life. to the grid. other types of storage play a crucial role in enabling companies to embrace clean, To satisfy this growing appetite for climate While it is true that wind turbines do not emit low-cost, renewable energy at a higher level. action, more should be done to empower greenhouse gases, they can still create By mitigating the intermittency issues that consumers to become ‘prosumers’ able to complications for grid operators, especially renewable power sources like wind and solar generate their own green energy through as they become significant contributors to face, storage helps remove a significant solar, powering their own homes and reselling total electricity supplies. Turbine barrier that has prevented greater adoption access power to the grid at peak times. productivity varies with the wind from of wind and solar resources. Enabling decentralised multidimensional minute to minute, and such intermittency microgrids running on renewable energy will can raise havoc with transmission and It’s not all doom and gloom, however. The UK’s help power the growing energy needs of distribution systems designed for steady, wind energy industry is one of the country’s generations to come. reliable operation. most successful industrial stories and will be central in reaching the climate goals. With the increasing pace of digital Connecting wind to the power grid brings innovation, growing interest from investors with it a unique set of challenges, including Renewables are blowing us closer to and the continued growth of the renewables surges, dips, distortions, and stringent grid net-zero. sector, the UK is leading in adopting a code requirements. Even small shifts of ‘renewables first’ mindset that would have power flows can trip circuit breakers, sending Despite the challenges, wind power and other sounded unachievable even just five years larger loads onto neighbouring lines and green technologies hold enormous potential ago. It’s clear that the UK has made causing chain reaction failures. to build a skilled workforce, world-leading significant strides towards decarbonising know-how, and production capabilities across the energy industry. Now is the time to ramp So, what options do wind developers have for the UK. Meanwhile, supporting our collective up offshore wind to accelerate the global ensuring power-quality issues don’t create progress towards net zero emissions with energy transition. problems for either the connected grid or their high-quality products and technologies own operations? They need to look for energy developed in the UK. www.se.com/ww/en/ 120 PES WIND



ASK THE EXPERTS Safe landings with offshore drone inspections Drone technology is increasingly being used to good effect in the wind industry, freeing up manpower, reducing downtime and putting personnel safety as a top priority. Alex Hall, Chief Technology Officer, Drone Inspect Services tells PES about how the nuts and bolts of the system work and the benefits of managing the entire inspection process in this way. PES: It’s great to welcome you back to PES Alex Hall: It’s good to be speaking with you PES: There are many benefits in using aerial Wind once again. We’ve spoken many times again. We have spent the last 18 months drones to inspect marine assets, especially in in the past and it’s always good to get your strengthening our position of drone operating the offshore wind industry. As the industry perspective on the latest innovations in and product developing. The offshore market grows and the number of blades that need to inspection technology for our market. is growing exponentially, so naturally the need be inspected grows with it, how do you see We’d love to start by asking how Drone for inspections increases. New technology, your role within the industry developing? Inspect Services is positioned to keep up such as drone-based lightning protection with developments in the offshore system testing (LPS), is fast becoming a AH: Drone utilization is as vast offshore as inspection market? game-changing process for O&Ms. onshore. One of the key areas of focus is 122 PES WIND

ASK THE EXPERTS mitigating personnel safety working reducing energy production downtime. Alex Hall offshore, for which drones are superbly equipped. Localised positioning on the PES: Can this form of inspection help CTV’s and SOV’s technology negates the minimise the amount of time a turbine challenges incurred by take-off and landing in needs to be offline too? these remote locations. AH: Most definitely, this being a key PES: How does drone technology and its consideration alongside safety when innovating. advancements help with some of the more common challenges, like reducing the time PES: There are clear advantages to be had and cost associated with inspections? from drone inspections, but there are downsides too aren’t there, such as when AH: There are many excellent autonomous moving crew transfer vessels while trying drone-based inspection platforms available to take off and land? on the market, however, customers are always looking for minimal downtime without AH: Absolutely and this has been a key focus compromising safety. By utilising our new of ours. The two issues encountered by many advancements offshore we can achieve wider drone operators offshore are the vessel’s weather windows for flying, hence ensuring movements inhibiting take off and the faster deliverables to the customer whilst challenging landing environment, especially in higher sea states. WWW.PESWIND.COM 123

ASK THE EXPERTS By using a localised positioning system, works and inspection crew. uploaded to the cloud before we depart the which can be deployed both on the vessels wind farm, thus speeding up the process for and the turbines themselves, we remove any PES: So that’s a new partnership, but what the customer acquiring their data. complications associated with GPS and about inspection technology? Is there magnetic interference, both being anything new from Drone Inspect Services PES: Testing the Lightning Protection perpetrators of many issues when landing. to look forward to in that regard too? Systems on turbines is usually done using rope access, so presumably drones will We further mitigate safety concerns in AH: Above we have discussed some new and really help to speed up what is an terms of the drone itself. Landings are often exciting technology but additionally Drone important process? conducted by hand and catching the aircraft Inspect’s research and design team have been presents many dangers. Combining developing a stabilised platform as a priority AH: This is a huge advancement when it localised positioning systems, alongside for the 2022 inspection season offshore. comes to drones within the wind industry. pitch and roll stabilised platforms, we can alleviate the take-off dangers associated What makes this product unique is its New technology now allows our team to fulfil with vessel motion. capability to use an electrohydraulic based Lightning Protection System inspections levelling system, giving extremely high quickly and efficiently, completely mitigating PES: You’ve recently partnered with HST levels of stabilisation accuracy onboard a the need for rope access methods. The Marine for the offshore inspection market, vessel. Furthermore enabling us to power ability to combine this data, alongside visual can you tell us a little more about that? these platforms via small battery modules, blade inspections, gives the customer access something none of the other take/landing to a more integrated solution when it comes AH: Partnering with HST has been a huge stabilised platforms can offer currently due to deliverables. milestone for us as a company. The HST team to their high-power consumption. is dynamic, driven and a perfect match for us, PES: Safety is another key issue when sharing the same work ethos. Their recent It’s worth noting here that these platforms working at heights whether on or offshore. launch of HST Ella, one of the first hybrid are not just a solution to nautical drone Presumably this is something that isn’t CTV’s, allows for further reducing carbon take-off and landing, but are also ideal for compromised at all when opting for drone emissions offshore. Coupled with the various alternative equipment, like cameras and inspections? drone-based inspection products, this sensors, which necessitate a level horizon. provides the customer with a fully integrated We have trialled these platforms as a level AH: As we have already briefly discussed, some solution, thus making the tendering process operating surface for operators, hence of our new innovations not only reduce the more straightforward and cost-effective. minimising any ensuing nausea. frequency of working at height but also the risks associated with the drones themselves. HST have been looking to align themselves As well as the take-off and landing solutions, for some time to provide more than we have developed a 4G/5G Field PES: What does the future look like for transportation services. This now allows for Operations Hub, which is effectively a drone inspection technology in general do more productive deployment of vessels tactical based connectivity solution, you think? Are hybrid drones on your radar, offshore and gives the customer greater providing power to other devices, like for instance? scope when it comes to reducing rope access laptops, for data collection. Drone Inspect can perform inspections and have the data AH: The drone industry is one of the fastest growing and every year there are huge 124 PES WIND

ASK THE EXPERTS advancements with the technology, such as We cannot wait to see what the future holds. vehicles and reducing the number of crew increased battery capacities, the ability to needed to service jobs is all helping to reduce fly in more hostile environments and making PES: How important is it to strive to become our carbon footprint. the technology more straightforward for more carbon neutral and do you think there end users. are ways to harness the power of the wind As a company we harness the wind and sun to and sun to power the drones to achieve this? assist in charging batteries, allowing us to be We monitor the marketplace closely, but, like fully green in terms of the equipment’s anything new, we always need to ensure AH: Being carbon neutral for us as a business is contribution to carbon emissions. vigorous testing before deploying in the field. paramount. Moving over to hybrid work The new advances in connectivity offshore allow us to provide live inspection data to customers, meaning engineer inspectors can view inspections and data from the shore without having to deploy on vessels, thus saving both time and money as well as reducing their carbon impact. PES: What do you think will be the greatest opportunities for the wind industry and Drone Inspect Services in particular over the next few years? AH: Streamlining the inspection processes are key for us as a business. However, it’s important that whatever improvements are made, the technology to achieve this never compromises the data captured and the end deliverables to the customer. It is likely we will see drone inspection solutions deployed more permanently onto the vessels, ideally in specially adapted ground stations, thus making it significantly easier for an operator to initiate inspections fully autonomously, without needing to set foot on the deck of the vessel or wind turbine! www.droneinspect.video WWW.PESWIND.COM 125

TALKING POINT Reducing wind turbine gearbox and bearing failures Words: N ick Weldon, Technical Marketing Manager, Croda Europe Ltd Around the year 2000, wind turbines of around 1MW and 70m in diameter were common but 20 years later, giants are now being installed. This is especially so offshore, where barriers to installation are lessened. Siemens Gamesa’s latest 14MW offshore wind turbine, with its 222-meter rotor diameter, dwarfs its immediate predecessors and even larger turbines are planned1. A 14 MW wind turbine can power around Why wind turbine gears and bearings fail operators skip essential work7. 9,000 homes and so as wind turbines get larger, the effect of any breakdown is There are multiple reasons for failures and 2. Extreme forces within individual magnified by the immediate loss of can include: components, coupled with massive significant generating capacity. Wind farm variations in output, can cause loads to owners want to maximise their return on 1. H igh costs of maintenance: one insurer be concentrated on specific areas, investment and so want to have turbines with reported that 25% of all insurance claims putting additional strain on already the best possible uptime, reduce maintenance are linked to poor maintenance with high stressed parts. and replacement costs, and to minimise any costs cited as a reason why owner/ failures and unplanned maintenance. Figure 1: some of the main damage and failure modes within wind turbine gears and bearings Historically, wind turbines have had reliability issues, with multiple studies indicating both gears and bearings having a significant impact on reliability2,3,4. While improvements have been made, a recent review found that gearbox problems could be attributed to about 0.2 and 0.6 failures per wind turbine per year onshore and offshore respectively5. This means for a farm of 500 turbines, one wind turbine gearbox can be expected to fail onshore, and about three offshore in any one 5-year period. Costs come not just from the need to replace the failed part, but also from the downtime, the labour, planning and logistics. One study estimated the total cost to replace a gearbox to be more than €250,000 with additional costs if the gearbox has to be sent off site to be refurbished and then re-installed at a later date6. 126 PES WIND

TALKING POINT 3. E nvironmental factors such as rain and Before REWITEC application 6 months after REWITEC application salt ingress contaminating lubricating oils and greases. 4. Extreme temperature changes altering seal performance. These factors can cause specific wear patterns to develop; figure 1 details some of the main damage and failure modes within wind turbine gears and bearings. More modern turbines have software to Figure 2: Main bearing surface of a 1.5 MW wind turbine before and 6 months after REWITEC application monitor their performance so potential issues can be spotted earlier. But what are the options to repair equipment once potential or actual damage has been identified? One option that has already been applied to more than 3000 turbines globally is to use REWITEC™ as an alternative to repair, replacement or taking the wind turbine out of service completely. REWITEC™ surface technology REWITEC is a lubricant concentrate that is Before REWITEC application 3 months after REWITEC application added up-tower, directly to the existing wind turbine oil or grease and helps to maximise return on investment. The patented silicate technology creates a protective layer on the surface of lubricated components, smoothing the surface, reducing friction, wear, surface roughness and temperatures. This translates to a longer lifetime for gears and bearings for both onshore and offshore wind turbines. REWITEC technology can be used in all lubricated moving parts of a wind turbine and is suitable for both gear oils and greases. REWITEC products have been extensively Figure 3: Tooth flank imprints of the high-speed shaft in a wind turbine before and 3 months after the application of REWITEC tested by independent third parties. Treatments for the gearbox oil, as well as the of a component to be analysed away from the High-speed shaft gear repair greases used within all wind turbine bearings wind turbine and allows comparison before are available. REWITEC can also be used and after treatment. Two examples from The same imprint technique was used to preventively: the reduction in friction and the operating wind turbines are shown below. analyse a gear on the high-speed shaft of a resulting smoothing of the surfaces prevents 1.5MW wind turbine. Figure 3 displays a damage and increases service life even in Bearing Repair micrograph of the imprint before and three new or nearly new drivetrains. months after treatment with REWITEC. The Figure 2 shows how REWITEC improved the first imprint (a) was taken before the Effects of REWITEC on wind turbine condition of the surface of a 1.5 MW wind application of REWITEC. It shows running components turbine main bearing. Roughness has been traces and notable micropitting. The second reduced by more than 50%; the surface is imprint (b) was taken three months after the The positive effect of REWITEC has been more uniform, which leads to better load treatment. The same area of the tooth flank measured by analysing component surfaces distribution and reduced stress on the is clearly visible: The micropitting is repaired directly up tower. To quantify the effect, component. This improves the main bearing and there are no running traces. There is a surface imprints are taken; these allow the reliability and lifetime. significant improvement in the surface roughness and damage of the metal surfaces condition, and this ensures that loads are spread more evenly, and surfaces are protected from additional stress and wear. Effects of REWITEC in laboratory-based tests Gears Figure 4: Friction measurement in industry standard wind turbine gear oil with REWITEC added after 20 hours using a 2disk test rig As well as analysing in the field, laboratory tests have been carried out to understand how REWITEC performs in a controlled environment. A ‘2disk’ test rig from Optimol Instruments was used in order to understand how REWITEC affects friction. The 2disk is an industry standard testing system that allows very high loads to be applied to moving metal WWW.PESWIND.COM 127

TALKING POINT Disk surface without REWITEC Disk surface with REWITEC prevents the lubricant from working, causing false brinelling and fretting damage (as Figure 5: An example of the typical surfaces treated on a 2disc test rig with and without the addition of REWITEC shown in figure 1). Adding REWITEC optimises the existing standard lubricants: surfaces, replicating the extreme forces Figure 5 displays the discs from the test. the technology adheres to the steel surface experienced by wind turbine components. REWITEC significantly reduces surface of component and protects it, even if it roughness. experiences poor lubrication. The system tested was set up to replicate the forces experienced in a wind turbine gearbox Wind turbines do not just suffer damage Figure 6 shows how REWITEC products with an industry standard wind turbine gear while they are moving and generating. protect the surface during a false brinelling oil. Figure 4 shows how friction was reduced Standstill damage, caused by vibration when tests, and reductions in wear of up to 75% by 40% after REWITEC was introduced to the stationary, is the result of small movements were measured. system; REWITEC significantly reduces occurring back and forth within the friction, wear and surface roughness. drivetrain. The small movement range Bearings Surface without REWITEC Surface with REWITEC In order to understand the effect of REWITEC on bearings, a specialised friction testing system called a mini traction machine (MTM) was used in a series of tests. Bearings have a complex set of movements within a wind turbine that can be a mixture of rolling and sliding. Figure 7 shows the measured friction with and without REWITEC in a standard wind turbine grease across a range of rolling and sliding conditions. The level of friction was reduced by up to 40%. REWITEC was also tested in another industry standard wind turbine gear oil using an FE8 test. This is a specialist bearing test, designed to determine the wear behaviour of lubricants on roller bearings and using it, the effect of REWITEC on surface roughness was measured. Figure 8 shows the results after profilometry analysis with and without treatment with REWITEC. With the REWITEC treatment (right image), the metal surface is smoother and less damaged. This leads to a better load distribution and longer bearing life. A reduction in wear of 20 % was measured. Figure 9 shows photographs of the same metal surfaces. The left image shows much deeper wear tracks compared to the surface lubricated with a REWITEC treated oil. Figure 6: Standstill damages generated with a false-brinelling-test without and with the addition of REWITEC. Figure 7: Coefficient of friction at different rolling/sliding ratios in industry standard wind turbine grease without (blue) and with (green) REWITEC. 128 PES WIND

TALKING POINT ‘Wind turbine owners and operators want their turbines to generate as much of the time as possible, to reduce maintenance costs and to prevent failures.’ Surface profile without REWITEC Surface profile with REWITEC Figure 8: Profilometry analysis of the metal surface after the FE8 test in an industry standard wind turbine gear oil without and with REWITEC Conclusion repair existing damage in wind turbine gears REWITEC is a trademark of REWITEC GmbH, and bearings and protects the system for the part of Croda International plc Gears and bearings are not the least reliable future. Through surface modification, component in a wind turbine, but when they roughness is significantly reduced, which 1 h ttps://www.greentechmedia.com/ fail, they cause significant downtime and leads to lower local loads and stresses on articles/read/siemens-gamesa-takes- repairs can be extremely expensive. Wind lubricated components. It is simple and quick worlds-largest-turbine-title turbine owners and operators want their to apply as it is added directly to the existing turbines to generate as much of the time as wind turbine oil or grease, up-tower. 2 h ttps://grd.nrel.gov/#/stats possible, to reduce maintenance costs and to Accessed 18th June 2021. prevent failures. https://www.crodaenergytechnologies. com/en-gb/brands/rewitec 3 Final Publishable Summary of Results of REWITEC lubricant concentrate products Project ReliaWind, ReliaWind Project Nr 212966. Disc surface without REWITEC Disc surface with REWITIC Available at https://cordis.europa.eu/ project/id/212966/reporting. Figure 9: Photographs of the metal surface after the FE8 test in an industry standard wind turbine gear oil without and with Accessed 14th June 2021. REWITEC. 4 N REL Gearbox Reliability Collaborative Update, Sheng, Keller & Glinsky, 2013 5 Dao, Kazemtabrizi, & Crabtree (2019). Wind Energy. 2019;22: 1848–1871 6 h ttps://www.windpowermonthly.com/ article/1086978/gearbox-repair-market- continues-grow Accessed 14th July 2021. 7 h ttp://www.gcube-insurance.com/news/ gcube-top-5-us-wind-energy-insurance- claims-report/ Accessed 14th June 2021 WWW.PESWIND.COM 129

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PES ESSENTIAL Protect, preserve, repair Reducing the cost of offshore wind through proactive maintenance, inspection, protection and repair Words: Iain Green, Sales Manager, CWind 132 PES WIND

PES ESSENTIAL Ambitious environmental targets from governments around the world, including Germany’s 20GW by 2030, and the UK’s commitment to 40GW by 2030, are accelerating the growth of offshore renewables and in particular, offshore wind, which is set to skyrocket over the next decade. When the first offshore wind farm was In order to reduce the risk of expense or constructed in the early 1990s, there was a asset downtime due to corrosion, it is vital real sense of hopefulness for this innovative that asset owners realise the importance of technology, and whilst that feeling hasn’t long-lasting cathodic protection, and a dissipated, there is now a strong trustworthy company to carry out these understanding of the challenges each preventative measures. The benefits of this offshore structure brings with it. As offshore initial investment in corrosion protection wind farms are planned ever larger and will be realised long after installation works further from shore, it is absolutely critical are complete. that the learnings taken from each new development are considered to continuously Relentless efficiency and optimisations in improve processes, assets, and technology. offshore wind have helped drive the LCOE down to record lows, but occasionally these Protecting offshore structures from changes introduce additional challenges. corrosion One result of these reductions is the transition from external ‘J’ tubes to routing Reports show the offshore wind industry is cables into the transition piece through set to grow to 234GW capacity globally by aperture holes cut into the primary steel. 2030. A recent report published by the Global Wind Energy Council found that the key to Whilst this allows considerable CAPEX this exponential growth is turbine savings during construction, it can technology, which will improve both asset introduce a leak path from the, typically efficiency and resilience, resulting in uncoated interior, of the monopole to the Levelised Cost of Energy (LCOE) reductions wider ocean, in turn allowing corrosion to and increased adoption. occur, which reduces the safe lifespan of the structure considerably. Funding the research and development of new turbines makes up part of the €26.3 Leveraging experience of subsea cables from billion invested in European wind farms in the wider Global Marine Group, and their 2020, a 330% increase on 2019’s figures, in-house engineering team, CWind has which totalled €6.4 billion to fund four worked with their clients to deliver targeted offshore wind farms. solutions to these issues. As offshore wind turbine foundations In recent years, CWind has installed retrofit represent 30% of the cost of a wind farm, it internal cathodic protection systems to stands to reason that a large amount of address the problems caused by leaks within emphasis should be placed on protecting the monopile, with great success. these assets from degradation. With investors keen to realise a return on these One example of this was at Gwynt Y Môr (GYM) significant investments, it is more important offshore wind farm, where a number of the than ever to ensure the prolonged lifetime of cable entry sealing systems had been leaking, the wind farm assets through active resulting in fluctuating water levels inside the protection and maintenance. monopoles, which compromised the internal corrosion protection systems. A retrofit As a leading provider of project services and internal cathodic protection system was CTVs to the offshore wind industry, CWind required to address these problems and CWind understands the marine environment and was chosen to supply and install Impressed has the expertise to deliver corrosion Current Cathodic Protection (ICCP) systems in prevention solutions. the three assets affected by this issue. With CWind’s ability to bring extensive resource to Over the last decade, CWind, which has a the project, supplying the hardware, software, strong track record of successful corrosion equipment and experienced personnel, the protection campaigns, has seen a rise in the project was a success. number of instances of corrosion caused by equipment failures or through the installation This swift action saved any further of the subsea cables. degradation to the primary steel structure, allowing generation to continue, the design WWW.PESWIND.COM 133

PES ESSENTIAL life to be maintained, and the possibility of produce an asset management plan to Iain Green further life extension later, should this be in ensure cost-effective and dependable the client’s commercial interests. preventative measures. revenue a day, and when factoring in the additional costs of support vessels, Most recently, in Summer 2021, CWind Inspections, maintenance & repair for the technicians, and equipment for repairs it commenced installation of retrofit internal lifetime of an asset could run into the millions. cathodic protection systems within 39 turbines split across two North Sea wind farms. Typically, as assets age, offshore maintenance costs increase. Currently, with In a race to reduce the LCOE and shorten the a significant number of offshore wind assets construction timeline for offshore wind entering the later stages of the project farms, many wind farm owners could see a lifecycle, it is evident that balance of plant rise in degradation of assets due to changing degradation is a growing industry challenge. processes within the installation and commissioning of the wind farm. Optimising efficiencies and maintaining the structural elements which support the wind In order to prevent any asset downtime due turbine generator is crucial to ensure asset to corrosion and associated damages, asset life is maximised. Without regularly owners must identify any at-risk assets and scheduled maintenance and inspections take appropriate steps from the initial offshore wind assets can deteriorate, installation phase onwards, in order to causing faults requiring reactive prevent future expenses far higher than the maintenance leading to unplanned downtime cost of installing pre-emptive or retrofit and loss of revenue. cathodic protection systems. It is critical that inspections are performed by By working with experienced, reliable experienced, methodical experts alert to contractors like CWind, asset owners can every detail. The implications if a wind identify and reduce the likelihood of turbine is offline for unscheduled corrosion to their offshore structures, and maintenance can exceed £10,000 in lost 134 PES WIND

PES ESSENTIAL For large-scale wind turbine assets and auxiliary equipment, unaddressed minor problems or oversights can quickly escalate into costly stoppages, lost revenue, and expensive repairs. With experience carrying out topside and subsea inspection, maintenance, and repair at 14 wind farms to date, CWind understand the significance of regular proactive maintenance, as well as the importance of mobilising quickly when unplanned maintenance or repairs are required. CWind is on hand for both scheduled and unscheduled maintenance with fully trained technicians for turbine, cable, and foundation maintenance, utilising a dedicated fuel- efficient fleet of purpose-built CTVs; and a range of specialist assets and equipment, all the elements required to complement OEM contracts in one bespoke package. This offering has been vital at Westermost Rough Offshore Wind Farm, where CWind is currently carrying out a 20-year maintenance, emergency response, and asset management contract, including completing mechanical and electrical maintenance, inspections and corrosion protection works. www.cwind.global WWW.PESWIND.COM 135

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As such, the port of Esbjerg plays Discussing aircraft The latest on the UK’s drive Lifetime extension: PES looks back on a Demystifying the law Can hydrogen take all the The challenges of storing Previewing Global A look into sizing of wind South East Asia’s energy Steven Peace explains Graham Beck discusses a crucial role in realising the EU’s ambition of installing offshore detection lighting toward net zero making full use of real and virtual show: behind renewable glory for the decarbonization hydrogen for safe long Offshore Wind and turbine generators demand looks set for where the offshore wind advancing wind energy NOISE EMISSIONS wind turbines with a capacity totalling 60 GW by 2030 and 300 systems (ADLS) installed capacity a true hybrid investment and generation of our society? distance travel Offshore Energy Exhibition explosive growth sector is set to expand science across all elements GW by 2050. 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Together we can make We are delighted to bring you the very latest product All of the latest news, views and pioneering We are pleased to bring you some of the most recent direct-driven wind turbines to effectively reduce noise the future greener. innovation & developments from across the global innovations from across the industry. Including show innovation & product developments from the global emissions – giving you the competitive advantage in wind industry, along with looking into some of the previews, product updates, expert analysis, insights wind sector. We also look into some of the advances in the race for even quieter drivetrain concepts. PORTESBJERG.COM major policy developments across the sector. We are and opinions from the leading players. project installation & industry legislation. We are thrilled More on: geislinger.com excited to bring you some of the thoughts & views from to bring you some views and insight from several industry several of the industry’s key players & leading names. PLUS, industry legislation, objective assessment on mainstays, as well as from more recent movers and shakers. key issues and a huge amount of food for thought in PLUS, enjoy our latest helping of incisive insight, this evolving and exciting energy sector. PLUS, enjoy our latest objective assessment, opinion opinion & analysis & industry analysis POWER AND ENERGY SOLUTIONS • ISSUE 1, 2021 POWER AND ENERGY SOLUTIONS • ISSUE 3, 2021 POWER AND ENERGY SOLUTIONS • ISSUE 2, 2021 SMART JUST GOT SMARTER An already intelligent sector is evolving further still. ROBOTICS: WORKING SMARTER The American Clean THE FUTURE? WHILE WORKING HARDER Power Association enables © Messe München © Jan Kopřiva on Unsplash the transformation of the U.S. power grid to a WIND ENERGY’S ESSENTIAL MEDIA DESTINATION low-cost, reliable & 18,000+ READERS renewable power system. By EXTENSIVE ONLINE AND MOBILE REACH uniting the power of wind, BIG NAME INTERVIEWS solar, transmission & storage companies and their allied NEWS, VIEWS AND ANALYSIS industries, both public and UNMISSABLE FEATURES AND AGENDA-SETTING COMMENT private, we are email [email protected] today championing policies that enable the continued & aggressive growth in renewable energy in the United States. 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# WORD ON THE TWEET Snippets of interesting information from @peppuigiboix Wind is Twitter, brought to you in the latest PES now 16% of Europe's round up of the wind industry’s latest tweets. electricity. Not bad. But the EU wants it to be 50%. And electricity to more than double its share of the energy mix. . . . @ErikSolheim Denmark leads the @Natural_Power Jai Lawless, multi World! Denmark is producing so much platform wind technician at Natural wind energy it may soon be powering Power recently shared his experience the U.K. as well. We have the solutions! of working on a repowering project Let’s just do it! and maintaining a fleet of 36 turbines at the Brockloch Rig site. Read more @cesispa According to Clean Energy Wire, here: https://tinyurl.com/nvc4jrta by December 2022, #Germany will have over 23 GW less #nuclear #power capacity @dezeen One Windcatcher could than ten years ago, and 13.9 GW of #lignite produce as much energy as five of the and hard #coal-fired power stations will be strongest floating turbines in existence closed by the end of 2022: https://cesi.it/ while halving the price of the energy app/uploads/20 generated in the process.

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