PES Wind 3 2020

TALKING POINT Ampere Electric Ferry infrastructure today to be able to charge Many windfarms that have already been development of some very clever hybrids, 6MW, or even 1MW of batteries without installed are very nearshore and don’t this can also work with some of the existing cutting power to the local town. However, the require a 20+ mile transit. Also consider a fleet allowing for retrofit, such as Electra, industry has a solution already built into it – by change in operating profile. Is it necessary and not increasing the carbon footprint having a 6MW turbine, in theory there is the to do 25 knots all the way there and back? further by building new lightweight ability to connect and charge the same Finally, and most importantly, how can you aluminium or composite hulls. capacity battery and charge it on site within an get a recharge from the turbines with the hour or so. Major developments in offshore cheapest form of power available, direct Our global industry has very ambitious charging intended for SOVs being trialled will from source and with no transmission or growth targets over the next decade and also enable 1MW+ charging capacity for CTVs. substation losses rather than digging up beyond. 40GW in the UK is only part of the Note that Ionity’s fastest car charger is roads and ports. global potential of 234GW by 2030 that is currently 350kw with potential to upgrade to being planned for. These ambitions maybe 500kw while Tesla’s fastest is only 250kw. Without wanting to give away all the answers limited by the availability of installation (note our Electra e-CTV), we are fortunate to hardware as well as all other types of marine With the above restraints in mind and the be in an industry full of innovators and we are installation and service vessels. continual increases in energy density, a delighted to see offshore charging buoys viable starting point needs to be found being developed along with battery swap Therefore, this is the perfect time to make through either a choice of nearshore barges and radical new vessel designs being sure that any new builds are either focused projects and/or an acceptance of a different marketed to maximise hull efficiency. Also, on zero emissions from new, or via retro fit operating profile, to minimise the need for not to belittle the enormously costly efforts during their planned operating lives to capital intensive infrastructure upgrades. that several operators are going to with the minimise the need and the carbon footprint of replacements? We all have our part to play and the smart money is green! www.tidal-transit.com New Zealand, Electric Tug (TBN) About Tidal Transit Co Ltd Founded in 2011 and based in North Norfolk A fleet of 6 CTVs All using MAN Engines A team of 41 people 100% record of over 120,000 safe transfers 88.38% Fleet Utilisation since new 98.63% Vessel availability while on charter since new WWW.PESWIND.COM 101

THINK TANK The real value of condition monitoring Words: D aryl Hickey, Advanced performance engineer at Natural Power Before considering the impact that condition monitoring systems (CMS) have on our industry, it is important to first establish what CMS entails and how it came to be such an established piece of hardware in the renewable energy sector. A condition monitoring system would Our nerves detect when something is not motherboard which will make a decision on normally comprise of a series of sensors normal, normally through the perception of how to protect a component, normally via strategically placed on fundamental pain and the nervous system relays this raising an alarm, or in an extreme case, shut components to sense the state of this message to the brain. The brain then decides down of an electrical component. component relative to a known benchmark or on the best approach to protecting the body healthy state. These sensors send signals to from this source of pain. In this same way, our In the wind industry a condition monitoring a piece of hardware or circuitry for condition monitoring sensors, based on system is widely used to provide health processing and distribution. A condition some pre-programmed parameters on information on the rotating drivetrain monitoring system can be described as acceptable, detects when something moves components. The drivetrain of a wind analogous to the human nervous system. away from this, sends a signal to a turbine generator is an expensive but 102 PES WIND

THINK TANK important component of the energy data can be uncovered. Damage can be possible component damage. generating system. In the case of a geared pinpointed to a component location likely to machine it is composed of the main bearing, be undergoing some structural change. Further analysis in orders and harmonic main shaft, gearbox, brake, generator shaft, Classical spectral methods, for example, the analysis for sidebands provides useful and generator. Direct-drive machines do Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) provide information when making decisions on the not comprise of the gearbox section; valuable algorithms to obtain frequency type of damage that a signal analyst could be however, the complexity of the information directly related to the looking at. In addition to the mathematics arrangement remains. The multi-physical kinematics of a gear or bearing, Figure 3. The that are involved the decision making is also complexity of this arrangement, the rotational nature of the drivetrain lends itself assisted with the provision of ISO codes that expense involved in downtime and nicely to being able to mathematically provide useful advisory limits when maintenance due to failure, ensures that it is determine events per cycle that allow a high triggering alerts or alarms within horizontal both recommended and normal for turbines level of accuracy when detecting and locating axis wind turbines with a gearbox, such as to have several measures in place to monitor damage. Calculating these frequencies of ISO 10816-21, [1], VDI 3834, [2]. A downside the health of the components. interest and analysing how they trend and to this type of analysis is the data rates evolve over time provides an analyst with a involved are high and the systems are Vibration monitoring via an onboard CMS, is good indicator function of component complicated and require highly qualified considered a superior method of damage condition. Figure 2 demonstrates an signal analysts to interpret the data. detection, albeit at a higher monetary cost. increasing trend of vibration that indicates Utilising spectral techniques, phenomena in Reliability incorporates historical failures, WWW.PESWIND.COM 103

THINK TANK repair and downtime, these can be measured Figure 3: Classical FFT methods reveal frequencies of interest in a spectral signature in terms of availability. A study presented in [3] evaluated repair and maintenance cost as 30% when looking at operational expenditure. Due to the sensitive nature of divulging information within the wind industry it can be difficult to obtain information regarding accurate failure rates and resulting downtime. There are several databases that we can look to for this information. In a recent study, a compilation of global database information, concluded that there are significant variations in failure rates and downtime depending on the data source analysed, [3]. One thing that is unanimous across the literature is that the drivetrain components are the most frequent and most expensive component to repair. In the case of a gearbox failure, the turbine downtime, gearbox repair time, cost of spare parts and tooling (including crane costs) and resourcing of technicians make this the most expensive and most time-consuming repair a turbine will experience. It is widely thought that 10% of all major component failures can be attributed to the gearbox alone, [4]. In a separate study, it was stated that as high as 30% of all main bearings will fail within the expected 20-year life expectancy, [5, 6]. With the average cost of repair being such a high figure, the industry has seen a change in attitude. From corrective maintenance that would find a solution following a problem, to a predictive approach that seeks to plan and perform repair ahead of a failure. Predictive maintenance can be timed-based at regular intervals or condition-based depending on Figure 2: Trend analysis reveals when a particular frequency component begins to increase in vibration level and flag as being problematic. Figure 4: Known frequency components can give data analysis information supporting damage to the the condition of a monitored component. mechanical components. The image reveals an outer race crack on a bearing Both are critical to reliability. Utilising sophisticated CMS equipment greatly assists the implementation of an effective predictive maintenance approach to maintenance and repair. A predictive maintenance approach to inspections means that you can detect, categorise and quantify damage and defects on a wind turbine generator and track its progression. Predictive maintenance allows asset operators to plan scheduled maintenance ahead of catastrophic failure and during periods of low power production. By adopting this approach to monitoring, a good reliability engineer will add value to a client by uncovering minor, stand-alone or serial defect issues affecting the efficiency of a wind turbine. A predictive maintenance approach to inspections ensures tracking progression can assist clients in scheduled maintenance consultation ahead of catastrophic failure and in periods of low power production. This minimises downtime and reduces the 104 PES WIND

MEASURING THE OCEAN SURFACE Maximum Uptime Minimum Risk When a passing typhoon caused the project’s wave buoy to fail, a Miros RangeFinder was able to deliver accurate, real-time, local sea state data, allowing operations to continue. Read the whole story at: www.miros-group.com/waves

THINK TANK ‘Predictive maintenance can be timed-based at regular intervals or condition-based depending on the condition of a monitored component. Both are critical to reliability.’ Figure 1: A wavelet transform can be used to reveal how rotational frequencies can vary over a time period Table 1 below provides the differential cost of up-tower versus down-tower repair. Table 1: Estimated Crane Costs Up-tower Down-tower Estimated GBP 7-14 k GBP 170-340 k Crane Costs Figure 5: Flow chart demonstrating a good approach to predictive maintenance amount of major component replacements. wear and secondary damage occurs. For The goal is to be able to utilise a good The flow chart in Figure 1 demonstrates a example, as a bearing fault starts to grow, maintenance and inspection program good approach to inspecting the turbine more and more wear debris is shed which is coupled with excellent data analysis, and through all available data and attempting to carried by the lubrication system. Debris combine the results to predict damage, isolate maintenance to up-tower, as much as particles travelling through the gearbox, schedule repair accordingly in times of is reasonably practical. where they can find their way into other gear minimum production and availability, and and bearing designations, usually cause avoid high maintenance costs and It is important to note that failure is a process further damage escalating the repair costs. secondary damage. This is the ideal solution and not a single event. The optimum window Avoiding this secondary damage is the key to to the headache of crane costs and for fault detection is right after the beginning saving money for the owner and contractor. unplanned downtime. of the fault propagation and before serious www.naturalpower.com 106 PES WIND

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TALKING POINT Riding a wave of green innovation 108 PES WIND

TALKING POINT MHO-Co is on a mission towards a greener and more economically viable service to the offshore industry. And the future is already here. Right now, the Danish shipping company is building the world’s first hybrid CTVs which are to be introduced in 2021. And they hope to take the technology even further with support from EU funds. With eyes set on the future and a vision to largest shipyard in Asia specializing in the Mik Henriksen create an environmentally friendly way of development, design and construction of business MHO-Co has designed two new high-performance aluminum vessels. Due to In end of august, AFAI Southern Shipyard hybrid catamarans with modern electric international traveling restrictions, the celebrated the construction of the two motors reducing weight, space and signing ceremony was performed online, and hybrid CTVs with a traditional keel laying emission for the benefit of the since then Mik Henriksen has followed the ceremony. And of course, Mik Henriksen and environment as well as fuel economy in the construction directly from his desk in the rest of MHO-Co joined the celebration offshore wind industry. Esbjerg, Denmark. via a video link. ‘Designing and building hybrid crew transfer Every day he is in close contact with the vessels is a huge step in the environmental shipyard and the local agent in Guangzhou. direction, and I am proud that we have found On a normal day they exchange more than 30 partners who share our vision for e-mails discussing the progress and sustainable development in the offshore technical details. And Mik Henriksen also industry. With these new vessels we offer follows the construction on site through six the largest, most reliable, and sustainable fixed position web cameras placed round the CTVs in the world,’ says CEO and founder of vessels in the shipyard, and one mobile MHO-Co, Mik Henriksen. camera to do inspections up close. Creating a ship that is the first in the world of its ‘In this way we are able to check how welds kind is a very special process. And of course, and constructions are done. It is a new way of Mik Henriksen, who designed the twin vessels doing supervision and it actually enables me in cooperation with Incat Crowther, wants to to see more details and be closer to the follow every detail as the construction comes construction, than I have ever been during a along. But building ships in the middle of a building process. It is exiting and works pandemic chances everything. surprisingly – almost better than being present,’ Mik Henriksen explains. In June, MHO-Co signed a contract with AFAI Southern Shipyard in Guangzhou, China. The Cargo on deck WWW.PESWIND.COM 109

TALKING POINT Revolutionary propulsion MHO Gurli at work The vessels are designed in a way which enables them at a later state to be adapted Expectations for the new hybrid vessels are ‘The pandemic gave us some concerns and to future eco-friendly power generating clearly higher than ever. MHO-Co and Mik challenges, but I am extremely pleased that methods such as hydrogen fuel cells or Henriksen have pulled together a series of both the development of the motor and the other technologies. Simply by replacing the strong business partners to make their green construction of the ships are on time so far. It diesel motor. vision come true. is incredibly good work by all parties.’ ‘No one knows which environmentally In the development and design of the two Floating test platforms friendly technology will dominate the future. new vessels, they have partnered up with But rest assured that MHO-Co and our ships Incat Crowther, who have expert knowledge The 35-meter CTVs are developed with will be ready for it. Our two new vessels are in catamarans. Combined with MHO-Co’s hybrid propulsion packages. But even though built as floating test platforms. And since insight and experience with CTVs, the they are some of the first hybrid vessels to be they are catamarans, we have four platforms result is two unique and state-of-the-art presented in the offshore industry, MHO-Co which give us even better conditions for vessels. With a length of 35 meters, the is not finished pushing for new and more catamarans will become some of the largest sustainable solutions. CTVs in the industry. But size is not everything. It is the vessels’ hybrid propulsion technology that makes them revolutionary in the marine industry. MHO-Co has chosen to install Danfoss’ Editron as the propulsion system on the catamarans. The permanently magnetized electric motor saves both weight and space on the CTV while consuming less fuel and giving higher efficiency. ‘The electric motors will significantly reduce CO2 emission, which is an important factor to us. In fact, with the new CTVs, it becomes possible to eliminate discharge of particles when idling. This propulsion line is a prototype from Volvo and Danfoss Editron and we cannot wait to see it all come together on our new vessels,’ says Mik Henriksen. Eager to see the hybrid CTVs in action, MHO- Co plan to introduce the two hybrid CTVs in June-July 2021, depending on transportation home from China. MHO Gurli 110 PES WIND

TALKING POINT testing and comparing different sustainable MHO Gurli sunset Facts about MHO-CO solutions. We want to be part of the solution,’ Mik Henriksen adds. step is installing an offshore access system’, MHO-Co is a Danish shipping company declares the CEO revealing a new goal. specializing in service and transport of And they want to play an active part. Which is crew in the offshore wind industry. The why he has applied for EU Fonds to develop the Right now, MHO Esbjerg is visiting Breskens in company was founded in Esbjerg, vessels during the next three years, testing The Netherlands to have a Z-bridge BV Denmark in 2015 by Mik Henriksen, who different new propulsion technologies. The Bring-to-Work system installed on the front has many years of experience with dream is to retire fossil fuels completely and deck. This fully motion compensated offshore catamarans and CTVs. The company succeed in a CO2 neutral driving force. access system will allow safe transfer of teams has several offshore support vessels up to 6 persons and cargo, from the vessels including the twin ships MHO Gurli and The ecosystem of the industry deck to the offshore structure. MHO Esbjerg, which with their 39 meters are the world’s largest CTVs. Mik Henriksen and his crew are ambitious and ‘Esbjerg is the first CTV to install the The vessels have specially designed insist on finding greener ways of supporting Z-bridge, and as always, the vessel exceeds fenders that protect the turbines. the offshore wind industry. The idea is that our expectations. Fully functioning the Despite the size of the vessels, they designing and testing new sustainable system will give us even more days of only push on to the turbine tower with a solutions not only benefits the environment operation, as we predict to reach higher than max of 250 kilo newtons. and MHO-Co, it also makes a difference to 2-meters Hs,’ adds Mik Henriksen. the industry the shipping company relies on. From day one, the ambition has been to An extensive test period is planned for the serve the offshore industry with reliable ‘Our idea is to be first movers and use Z-bridge, and if the tests are positive, the vessels with high performance and innovative green technology. Because we like system will soon be in full use. This will safety, where the environment and fuel the attention? Sure! But we are also in it to be eliminate climbing up and down boat economy go hand in hand. part of the ecosystem of the industry. Every landing ladders and will increase workability day, our clients in the offshore wind industry and improve the transfer time all in a For further info: www.mho-co.dk produce environmentally friendly power, but safe manner. they need solutions to store electricity. We believe that if we push on building hybrid And once again MHO-Co will have pushed the vessels and testing new knowledge, the limits to service the offshore wind industry. answer is right over the next wave.’ Pushing limits Pushing boundaries to the limits lies in the DNA of MHO-Co. Every time they reach a goal, they immediately have eyes one a new one. Mik Henriksen wanted to design the world’s largest CTV and make it both the most reliable and most fuel-efficient vessel in the industry. In 2019, the shipping company introduced the twin vessels MHO Gurli and MHO Esbjerg. And with their length of 39 meters each they are consider the largest of their kind. ‘We want to operate more days a year than anybody else. With Gurli and Esbjerg our goal was to conquer waves up to 2-meters Hs and still ensure high safety. A year into their service our crew have exceeded expectations and proved it possible without a doubt and still keeping the vessels economically viable. Next The new hybrid CTV Facts about the hybrid CTVs • Designed by Mik Henriksen, MHO-Co • 35-meter catamaran • 110 m² fore deck and 15m² aft deck • E quipped with Danfoss’ Editron PM-Electric motors driven by Volvo generators • Fits 24 passengers • Fitted with large lounge area and eight cabins • The first year in service, they will service the Hornsea Project 2 Offshore Wind Farm for Ørsted based out of Grimsby, UK WWW.PESWIND.COM 111

THINK TANK © Tractebel Sector coupling could aid energy transition Words: Prof. Andreas Reuter and Prof. Jan Wenske Since the 2015 Paris Agreement, there has been a global consensus that the wtraitnhsinititohnetnoeaxtCfOe2w-neduetcraadl eesn.eArtgythseuspapmlyenteimedes, to be achieved worldwide considerable technological progress has been made with both onshore and offshore wind energy, for example, and, as a result, the energy generated in this way is now able to compete with conventional forms of energy largely without subsidies. Nevertheless, the market for wind turbines is stagnating worldwide. 112 PES WIND

THINK TANK This suggests that low generation costs additional efforts. New approaches to sector coupling with alone are not the key to the rapid transition hydrogen of the energy system and that other factors The decarbonization of mobility and the also have a role to play. Based on current building sector in particular present a The current enthusiasm for hydrogen as an developments in Germany, the article below problem; the measures taken to date fall far energy carrier is based on the multiple aims to show that the speed of transition is short of the requirements.1 What’s more, the possible applications of the gas, which also limited, but alternative paths for the use of further expansion of renewable energy address a number of the challenges posed by renewables in sectors that have undergone production is reaching its limits. One of the the transition of the energy supply: only little decarbonization to date can lead to limiting factors at present is the sluggish a new dynamic through the use of green expansion of the grid and the question of how • Power recovery: hydrogen as a store hydrogen, i.e. hydrogen produced from to distribute renewable electricity. renewable energies, as a parallel form of Large amounts of renewable energy are energy transportation. This could create new Against this background, solutions are being already curtailed now on windy and sunny market impulses for the wind industry, discussed which will accelerate the linkage of days because the distribution nevertheless the associated technical energy sectors and also create parallel infrastructure cannot guarantee its use. challenges also need to be tackled. distribution and utilization paths. One There are also insufficient electricity approach which is currently enjoying storage facilities available for such days. Current status of the energy system significant backing is the intensive use This renders the use of surplus electricity transition of hydrogen. highly attractive for the production of hydrogen with the possibility of direct By 2030, the aim is to reduce Germany’s 1 T he impact of greenhouse gas reduction of the usage in other sectors or, if necessary, climate-damaging CO2 emissions by 55% climate protection program 2030 (short report) storage for subsequent reconversion. compared to the reference year of 1990. partial report from the ‘Greenhouse Gas Projec- Moreover, a reduction of 40% by this year has tion: Further Development of Methods and Im- • M obility with fuel cells: storage with high been set as an interim goal. And, although plementation of the EU Effort Sharing Decision in power density this short-term goal is once again within the 2019 Projection Report (‘Policy Scenarios IX’)’ reach, due to the economic impact of the project by Ralph O. Harthan et. al. commissioned by Hydrogen stored under high pressure can COVID-19 crisis, it is likely that the long-term the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, be used for mobility applications which targets will not be met without significant Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety and the are currently not viable with the existing German Federal Environment Agency battery technology. In combination with fuel cells, storage systems can be developed with the requisite high-power density, e.g., for heavy-duty transport. • Mobility with synthetic fuels: a solution for the aviation sector The use of batteries is not feasible for certain applications due to weight and capacity restrictions and, in addition, the supply of hydrogen at high pressures is not possible for safety reasons. For these cases, especially in the field of aviation, synthetic, hydrogen-based fuels which can be handled just like conventional fossil fuels make an ideal choice. In the medium term, the question of replacing oil and gas for material use also arises. Here, too, green hydrogen represents a truly viable basis as an alternative, climate-neutral raw material for the chemical industry. The advantages of the parallel use of hydrogen in an industrial nation One of the greatest challenges faced by the energy transition is the time it will take to reshape a highly industrialized society, given that the changes to the energy infrastructures are associated with considerable planning efforts and costs. In this respect, the development of a parallel path for the use of renewable energies is expedient even if this path, as in the case of the use of hydrogen, is not ideal in terms of energy. In the specific German context, there are further advantages to this sector coupling approach: • G ermany has a well-developed gas network combined with large caverns as storage facilities, which can be adapted, at least in part, for use with hydrogen. WWW.PESWIND.COM 113

THINK TANK Example of the qualification of electrolyzers in combination with wind energy. Fraunhofer IWES test field in Bremerhaven • The spatial separation of production and There is no robust ramp-up strategy for the avoided in the context of the industrialization use is possible; looking at medium-term necessary technological development of of green hydrogen technology. A far from planning in particular, it is foreseeable reliable, large-scale, series products in exhaustive list of overriding technical issues that it will not be possible to establish materials research, systems engineering, and challenges for a hydrogen-based sector enough local renewable generation storage technology, and process and coupling is given below: structures. Accordingly, one solution manufacturing technology on both the would be to fall back on energy imports in production and application side. • Technical maturity and costs of the form of hydrogen produced in the electrolyzers and fuel cells world’s windy and sunny regions. The systems available today, e.g., for electrolysis cannot be freely scaled and, for This remains comparatively low for • Furthermore, the increased use of the most part, only have TRLs of between 5 systems in higher power classes, hydrogen means that transitional and 7. Furthermore, product- and compared to PV and wind turbines and solutions can be applied, e.g., with blue application-related technical guidelines and still fails to meet the demands for use in hydrogen, which is produced on the basis standards and, as a result, validation and public energy supply systems and the of natural gas with subsequent certification processes based on them are transport sector, heavy-duty traffic, compression of the carbon dioxide. This lacking. Only alkaline electrolysis, which shipping. To date, not enough research means that the availability of hydrogen boasts the longest development history, has been conducted into degradation and the development of wind and solar could currently meet the requirements for mechanisms under the expected highly energy capacities will be partially large electrolyzers. dynamic load, due to preferred green decoupled for a certain time. generation and operating conditions, It is a well-known development policy error temperature and pressure fluctuations, Technical challenges linked with overambitious objectives to wish as well as the specific environmental to omit important and essential intermediate conditions e.g., offshore. It goes without From a research perspective, it can be said steps when scaling from the kW to the MW saying that there are various highly that the expansion paths for the production range. There is a real danger of an effect as developed solutions, yet these only exist and application of green hydrogen currently seen in the initial stages of large-scale wind for niche applications: space travel, under discussion by politicians are energy turbine development in the 70s and submarines, weather stations, undoubtedly ambitious and indeed, in part, 80s with the then unsuccessful large-scale laboratory applications. visionary. The current status of the requisite systems in Germany, Sweden, and the USA. technologies, production processes, The history of offshore wind energy also However, these are neither technically capacities, and integration capacity in the shows parallels of critical scaling and easily scalable nor do they fit into the electrical supply grids is assessed in a less ramp-up steps as well as their temporarily necessary cost structure for large-scale differentiated and overly optimistic manner. negative consequences, which could still be commercial, industrial applications. The 114 PES WIND



THINK TANK ‘From a research perspective, it can be said that the expansion paths for the production and application of green hydrogen currently under discussion by politicians are undoubtedly ambitious and indeed, in part, visionary.’ efficiency ranges of all the systems show subsystems to meet high availability generation, e.g., offshore or close to the considerable potential. This potential requirements would have to be designed coast, poses the question of further must be exploited for future applications redundantly today. For cost reasons, transportation. over the course of the ramp-up. PV large-scale offshore hydrogen production technology is an apt example of with capacities in the GW range would be There is already a very well-developed successful optimization over the last facilitated by the option of direct pipeline-based natural gas supply and decades. Thanks to successive cost seawater electrolysis or, at least, transmission structure throughout reductions and efficiency increases, it has operation with only weakly treated water. Europe offering sufficient capacity. There become one of the most cost-effective This direct offshore hydrogen production are also significantly smaller, yet forms of energy generation. would also take the strain off electrical dedicated hydrogen transmission grids. transmission grids or save the otherwise Nevertheless, a variety of questions arise • Process and production technology necessary additional expansion. with regard to compatible admixture, degradation by hydrogen corrosion of the The production of stacks for electrolyzers • I ntegration into the public electrical materials used and suitable and cost- and fuel cells remains barely supply network effective materials and principles for industrialized. This goes both for the intermediate storage. Often, the focus production of individual components e.g., Especially on the side of the electrical here is not on general feasibility, as this is bipolar films and membranes as well as grid, the grid interface, the electrolyzers a given, but rather on the realization of the mechanical stack assembly. Today, are currently not very advanced. The use compatible CAPEX and OPEX. complete systems are created in a kind of of controlled rectifiers, preferably in manufacture / prototype production thyristor technology, with input voltages • Adaptation of the applications process, which, in terms of production in the low voltage range and DC output capacities and quality as well as costs, is voltages for the electrical stack supply in A further aspect requiring research and not designed for high volumes and a range of around 100 V represents the development should also not be large-scale production. state of the art. neglected. The switch to hydrogen, for example in the area of steel production, Looking at this today, there is only limited The principle behind this type of grid also demands considerable, and, in part, potential for automation with this system connection results in comparatively high serious adjustments in terms of further production, but the cost level for medium grid perturbations. A planned, large- processing and refinement for specific volumes of multi-megawatt turbines is scale integration of these systems with a end applications, e.g., the automotive similar to that of the wind industry. Over total power of x0GW would be neither industry. The properties of the starting the past decades, the wind industry has compatible with the grid nor cost products of conventional steel also achieved an astonishingly low level of efficient since considerable additional production and hydrogen-based steel production costs at system level. Other measures/investments would be production differ considerably. Such mobility applications, fuel cells, on the required to stabilize the grid. The adjustments can also be expected in other hand, require a high degree of electrical interfaces of the electrolyzers other future applications, e.g., with the automation with a high mechanical must be designed to serve the grid to switchover to essentially CO2-neutral packing density for significantly higher allow these systems to play an active role wastewater treatment plants using quantities and smaller system outputs. in grid stabilization and support Here, electrolysis, methanization, and too, there are no appropriate high-temperature fuel cell technology. • Robustness standardization and certification regulations for future, converter-based These technological challenges should not The systems are designed at their equipment in grid parallel operation be interpreted as fundamental ‘obstacles’ to interfaces for the highest purity levels, which would satisfy the resulting a future hydrogen economy which works to e.g. water supply for ELY, hydrogen at the converter shares, in some cases up to further sector coupling, but rather as a FC, i.e., the investments required for the 100%, in future electrical supply grids. chance to develop climate-friendly high corresponding treatment of the supplied technology. This means jobs and the operating materials and end products: • Transport and distribution logistics bolstering of Europe as an industrial location filtration, deionization, drying, etc. are in the field of green technology and could still very high. The transport and distribution logistics of serve as an example for sustainable social the generated green hydrogen represent and industrial development which does not Subsystems for integration into energy a considerable cost factor in the context involve sacrifices, yet which also preserves sectors, such as compressor stages, fail of the future hydrogen economy. natural resources. all too frequently in sample applications Decentralized generation puts additional e.g., H2 filling stations, so that strain on the supply grids. Centralized www.iwes.fraunhofer.de 116 PES WIND

Being reliable means being flexible. Open dialogue enables us to design individual contracts. From basic contracts to full service, beginning with commissioning or starting in the middle of a turbine’s service life, national or international – in order to ensure successful implementation of the appropriate service strategies, we discuss these issues with you at precisely the right time and together make the right decision for the maintenance of your wind projects. deutsche-windtechnik.com/com

COMMENT: FLOATING WIND The next energy frontier: floating wind farms The global energy transition is underway. The uptake of renewables is accelerating, as the technology undercuts fossil fuel based energy generation and governments seek to achieve international climate targets. Renewable energy is now also accepted as an opportunity to drive green economic growth and job creation to help support the recovery from the impacts of Covid-19. Olivia Burke scaling of floating wind is the technology’s The opportunities for business are ability to unlock new markets for offshore significant and we are already starting to see Offshore wind has a key role to play in this wind development. An estimated 80% of companies keen to become first movers - energy transition, having grown nearly 30% global offshore wind resource is located in making significant investments in research per year between 2010 and 2018. The IEA deep water areas (depths of more than 60m), and development (R&D). By the end of 2020, predicts global offshore wind capacity to where winds are typically stronger and more global floating wind capacity will reach 130 increase fifteen-fold by 2040, becoming a consistent, with the potential to yield MW and our latest analysis suggests the US$1 trillion industry. After successfully superior capacity factors. The first larger sector will grow to reach 70 GW by 2040. lowering the price of bottom-fixed projects, capacity floating wind turbine (2.3MW) was the next frontier for industry is floating installed and tested over a decade ago in Innovation and incentives are required to offshore wind. Norway. Since then interest has increased as accelerate technology uptake the viability and the scale of the technology Floating wind unlocks new markets has grown, with Hywind Scotland Multiple demonstration projects have demonstrating a 30MW turbine - the largest progressed the technology, however, A key factor driving the development and floating turbine to-date. floating wind remains an emerging sector. Stable policies and government support are The development of floating wind projects required to achieve a pipeline of projects to is currently focused across six countries in accelerate commercialisation and unlock Europe and Asia. However, this will not savings at scale. This will also help create always be the case. For some newer certainty to encourage supply chain markets, such as the United States (US), innovation and investment. where there is no installed floating capacity, over 50% of potential wind resource area is Alongside policy support, innovation is also not suitable for bottom-fixed structures. needed to address technical bottlenecks Floating wind is therefore critical for such as mooring design, heavy lift geographies that do not have the alternatives and new monitoring and appropriate sea bed conditions for inspection. Common to multiple floating bottom-fixed turbines to capitalise on the wind designs, these challenges are suitable expanding offshore wind market, and to for industry-led collaborative research and decarbonise their energy systems. Floating development efforts. wind also creates opportunities to attract supply chain investment to new areas that In response to these needs the Carbon Trust may have lost out to established offshore created the Floating Wind Joint Industry wind regions. Programme (Floating Wind JIP), a collaborative R&D programme, with 15 118 PES WIND

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COMMENT: FLOATING WIND ‘The abundance of potential wind resource in deep waters makes floating attractive to states looking to decarbonise energy generation and create jobs.’ leading offshore wind developers and Coast (California), and three 400MW projects Authority, and is dedicated to managing support from the Scottish Government. in Hawaii. While the Northeast is typically industry-focused R&D for offshore wind to Since its formation in 2016, over 20 projects associated with shallower waters, there are maximise economic benefits for the US. The have been kicked off investigating the also suitable sites for floating wind. NOWRDC has identified a target for the technical challenges that still need to be Levelised Cost of Energy of at or below overcome to achieve large scale deployment. The abundance of potential wind resource in US$60 per megawatt-hour by 2030. deep waters makes floating attractive to While our Floating Wind JIP focuses on states looking to decarbonise energy Floating wind is on the cusp of achieving technology and is geographically agnostic, generation and create jobs. Cost reduction is scale and cost reductions, and the experience has also taught us that targeted critical to realising the potential for floating deployment of commercial windfarms will market collaboration can be an efficient way wind and collaborative approaches to R&D lead to greater opportunities, for not only of channelling funding to technology projects in new geographies allow developers, but the wider supply chain. We developments. For example, the Offshore established companies to invest and provide estimate that at 70GW in 2040 the floating Wind Accelerator (OWA) programme started learnings to market entrants, accelerating wind industry will have a project value of in 2008, has delivered a 15 per cent reduction information sharing and innovation. £195bn, demonstrating the opportunity for in the Levelised Cost of Energy; an the supply chain globally to support and impressive return on investment for the Public-private partnerships are also invest in floating wind. The race is on. industry and government funders based on emerging as an effective way to finance an investment of over £100 million. This floating wind. An example is the University of The Carbon Trust is a not-for-profit equates to a European-wide cost saving of Maine’s pioneering Aqua Ventus project, consultancy established in 2001, with a £34 billion based on European government’s which has just taken the next step to mission to accelerate the move to a low build targets out to 2030. becoming the first industrial-scale floating carbon economy. With over a decade of wind project in the US. It is a collaboration experience working at the forefront of Market-specific approaches to R&D: US between an experienced developer, RWE offshore wind development globally, case study Renewables, and Mitsubishi-owned Diamond the Carbon Trust has played a central Offshore Wind. role in accelerating cost reduction The United States is a potential major market across the industry and stimulating for floating offshore wind, particularly on the In 2018, based on our experience running supply chains. Find out more at Pacific Coast and in Hawaii. Multiple the OWA, we helped to establish the US www.carbontrust.com commercial projects are already being National Offshore Wind R&D Consortium explored along the West Coast including an (NOWRDC), which includes the US up to 1GW project in Morro Bay (California), Department of Energy, and the New York an up to 150MW project off the Humboldt State Energy Research and Development 120 PES WIND

ASK THE EXPERTS: INSPECTIONS Robotics: the next era Internal blade inspection WWW.PESWIND.COM 121

ASK THE EXPERTS: INSPECTIONS TSR Wind is a lively, go-ahead company in our industry, Juan Rivas, Commercial Director, was excited to share some of their solutions with PES. There’s no doubt that robotics is making a big difference to the cost, efficiency, safety and downtimes of inspections for the asset owners, and to cap it all off the analysis can be done back at the office, meaning the experts don’t need to move from their offices to see the results or plan interventions. PES: A warm welcome to PES Wind, it’s good the top companies in the wind industry. These Juan Rivas to talk with you. Would you like to begin by include big owners, advisory teams, turbine giving us an overview of TSR Wind? manufacturers and O&M companies, based for 5. F ull info available to the costumers: the most part in Europe and Latam. all inspection data is uploaded to TSR Juan Rivas: Thank you very much. Very proud Inspector, our webpage platform to represent TSR Wind and very glad to PES: Please can you tell us about your for costumers. introduce a very young, but assertive company. inspection process? TSR Wind develops new services and JR: We provide different inspection services products based on complex robotic and we are just developing new ones, technology and software to provide high however our process is always: quality solutions to wind industry. 1. H igh quality inspection: we use the best The company core is our engineering team, photo cameras, video or ultrasound young, experienced and specialised in new equipment available on the market. The robotic technology and software solutions. quality is our target. We began with our first robot prototype for 2. Full element data collection: we don’t blade inspection and cleaning towers. Now only take damage data, we take and we can offer our clients internal and external collect data of the whole blade, or tower. blade inspections, tower welding inspections by UT and we are continuing to develop new 3. D igitalization: all the pictures, video, UT solutions. We always have clear targets: output, or any other data is processed, provide new solutions, optimizing cost and registered and stored. time, increasing quality and reducing risk for wind workers. 4. The best experts available in blades and ultrasound check the pictures/video/ Today we have inspected over 2,500wtg, which data in order to provide a technical 7,500 blades, all around the world for some of damage report and advice. Cerberus lightening impact 122 PES WIND

ASK THE EXPERTS: INSPECTIONS PES: So, do your 2 robots, CERBERUS and After, and in collaboration with one of the services: AI for automatic damage EOLOS work together? biggest blade and turbine manufacturers, recognition, checking the LPS system, small came CERBERUS, a new robot able to inspect repairs inside blades, pitch alignment test, JR: We offer individual external and internal inside the blade. tower cleaning, vibration analysis, basement blade inspections, which depend on status analysis etc. customers’ specific needs. However, we At the same time, in collaboration with recommend full blade inspections, using Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, we PES: What makes your solutions stand out CERBERUS inside and EOLOS outside. This developed, our own web platform, TSR from the competition, what are the benefits way we get a real and complete blade status Inspector, which enables customers to check to the end user? at the inspection date, which we are able to their results on their own computer, tablet or analyse, make recommendations and report even mobile phone. JR: Wind turbines evolve every year and are with high accuracy. technically more complex, so O&M require Currently, we are testing our new robot, original, technical solutions to new problems We are also able to link internal with external called Kratos, designed to inspect welding on and needs. damages and TSR Inspector allow us to towers by ultrasounds. compare current inspection with last season Blade lengths and tower heights are inspection, so we can check damages PES: Do you have any interesting projects in continuously increasing, so inspections evolution, repairing and blade aging. the pipeline that you are able to share with us? and maintenance by rope or crane, are more and more difficult, expensive and PES: Is research and development an JR: TSR has the knowledge, experience, and dangerous for workers. integral part of your business? adaptation capability to solve wind industry problems quickly, with technical solutions. Our Full and available inspection information JR: Absolutely. In 2017, we developed our clients give us new ideas almost every day. enables customers to make decisions based first EOLOS, for external blade inspections. on the real status of their assets. Our web Our current pipeline includes the following TSR Inspector is a friendly hub from which to manage, store and check all inspections of a wind turbine in a single and useful place. Our target is to improve quality inspections and save costs, and always keep technicians safe. On the other hand, reducing time on the inspection procedures, means a reduction in turbine downtimes, a key point for the clients. PES: We were wondering about your geographical reach and if you have plans to expand into other areas? JR: Until now our main markets have been Europe and Latam. In Europe we have experience in Spain, Portugal, France, Romania, Poland, UK, Sweden, Germany, Croatia and Greece. WWW.PESWIND.COM 123

ASK THE EXPERTS: INSPECTIONS We have inspected blades since 2017 in markets through collaboration agreements experience in blades or ultrasounds for the Latam: Uruguay and Mexico. Today we also with experienced companies, well stablished USA, Latam, China and Brazil. go as far as Chile, Peru and Panama. We also in these markets. have experience with our inspection robots In 2021-2022 we expect and believe that TSR in the USA, Canada and China. Currently, we are dealing with several Wind services will expand greatly through our renowned companies, who have local collaborators in these markets. Our current business plan is to expand in key knowledge and structure with large Cerberus robot CERBERUS 210 The company is already planning the first Internal blade inspection tests of inspections in offshore wind farms, way to developing an automatic detection of where the length of the blades is even greater Due to the increasing need to check the damage, or points of interest in the video. and the working windows are very short. So, condition of the interior of the blades, the Thus, we reduce the time spent reviewing it is imperative to find solutions that improve TSR Wind company developed, in the results. and optimize the inspection work. collaboration with one of the main turbine manufacturers worldwide, a robotic TSR Wind has been using several units of the In addition, TSR Wind is working on a solution for internal blade inspection. CERBERUS robot for months to inspect the modification of the CERBERUS robot that inside of blades. These robots are already includes a robotic arm, which will allow small The result of this is the Cerberus robot, working in countries such as Mexico, USA, repairs. For example, in the LPS cable. which is already in the third improved Peru and the UK, as well as in Spain. version, Cerberus 210. It is a tool that we are This internal inspection service is able to use to systematize and improve the The robot, which has 3 high resolution video complemented by the one already offered quality of inspections, by reducing costs, cameras for a maximum quality inspection, by TSR Wind through its EOLOS robot, for increasing the length of the inspected blade can be used on blades in service, but can also external blade inspections. Thus, TSR and, above all, minimizing the work of be used in the factory, or in storage fields. It Wind currently offers a complete operators inside the blades. Thus, the high is powered by long life batteries and can be inspection blade service, both external and risk and complications associated with these controlled remotely and safely from the hub. internal, with a very high quality, along with confined space inspections can be avoided. It has a safety cable and is able to accurately minimizing the risk for workers. determine the point of the blade where it is One of the objectives of the wind sector in located, facilitating the subsequent analysis All these services, which are collected in a recent years has been to minimize the of the collected graphic material. single TSR Inspector web platform and accident rate. Ensuring the safety of developed by the company, provide workers is already an imperative for the This little robot is able to go where a person clients with a guarantee of total control wind companies. They continually search cannot, so it is able to inspect a greater over the status of their assets and their for new methods to protect the safety of length of the blades. Tests have been carried evolution over time. their technicians. out on 62m blades, where the robot has exceeded 40m between spars and 20m in the TSR Wind has already inspected the blades This is one of the reasons that led one of gap of the leading edge. Furthermore, its of more than 2,500 wind turbines worldwide the largest wind turbine manufacturers to weight and dimensions make it easy to and continues to develop new technologies promote and participate in the transport inside of the wind turbine. to reduce the costs, the risks of the turbine development of a robot, which is capable inspection and the maintenance operations. of carrying out work in a small and It works with long-lasting military batteries, potentially hazardous space. In this way, although TSR Wind has a cable-powered The company is currently developing the staff can work from the hub or the version. The inspection speed is approximately artificial intelligence solutions for nacelle, monitoring in real time the work of 40 minutes for a 62-meter blade. automatic damage recognition, blade pitch the robot and the images transmitted. alignment measurement, vibration Although the Cerberus robot has been analysis and the natural tower frequencies, The other objective of the sector is to designed to optimize the inspection of as well as studying the foundations, and reduce the cost of wind farm maintenance blades in operation, it can also be used to many other ideas. operations in order to optimize their verify blades at the factory in post- profitability. TSR Wind has developed a production. This makes it easier to inspect a www.tsrwind.com technological solution that significantly longer blade length and reduces the need for reduces the cost of inspection minimizing: operators to go into the blade. the time required, the hours of the qualified personnel, the need for specific training for work in confined spaces. This makes it possible to inspect the graphic material afterwards, which avoids the movement of specialists since they are able to do it centrally from their offices. The TSR control software allows the control of the two inspection cameras throughout, with the front driving camera on the same screen. It also makes it possible to control the speed, direction and position of the robot, as well as the lights and lighting. The recordings can be studied at the time of inspection or later, by downloading the videos. The format used, facilitates the treatment by software, which leads the 124 PES WIND



ASK THE EXPERTS: INSPECTIONS Optimizing blade O&M: allying technology with blade expertise Blade O&M has become a focus for BladeInsight, formerly Prodrone. André Croft de Moura, CEO and founder, spoke enthusiastically to PES, about his vison for the future of drone inspections, with added value. This blade centric company has already embraced the idea of predictive maintenance and is continuing to provide quality, agility and a focus on the customer. PES: Hi André, it’s great to have you back background of your company and how you brand BladeInsight. I founded this company with us at PES Wind. Last time we spoke, came to be BladeInsight? as ProDrone in 2015, based on the conviction you were ProDrone and today you join us as that in order to make wind energy universal, BladeInsight. For the benefit of new André Moura: Firstly thanks for having us it had to become more competitive than readers, could you walk us through the back. It’s great to be here under our new other carbon-intensive energy sources. 126 PES WIND

ASK THE EXPERTS: INSPECTIONS Wind turbine blades really caught my eye As BladeInsight, we commit to deliver a André Moura early on, as one of the most critical tailored solution to optimize blade O&M, elements in wind energy infrastructure. As covering the inspection and maintenance internal inspection capability. Our a key component, blades are exposed to value chain over the full lifecycle of the blade. BladeInsight platform, which until mid 2020 the elements and susceptible to all types of It also reflects how we integrate blade was a visualization tool for drone inspection damages, making their maintenance expertise into our solutions, a clear data and reporting, now has an integrated critical to a turbine’s mechanical and differentiating factor. Our tools are designed internal crawler data collection solution. A economic efficiency. with experts and specifically for blades. safer, more reliable, high quality alternative to traditional technician inspections. As ProDrone, we grew this idea into an PES: So, the name change to the autonomous drone flight inspection solution BladeInsight seems to mark a move away This is a breakthrough for customers who which came to market in mid 2017. Since from being just a drone solution. Would you can now track and cross reference external then, we have inspected more than 11,000 say it is a change in gear for your company? and internal damages for greater visibility blades in 16 countries through a network of and more assertive action. licensed partners who today are able to AM: More than moving away from any deliver our solution in 5 continents. particular solution, we are moving closer to PES: What kind of growth do you see in the our customers. market right now? With this solution we delivered best in class image resolution: on average resolution of As ProDrone, we became a global player in AM: We see several trends in the industry, 0.4mm/pixel, meaning you can easily identify autonomous drone inspections as an agile, especially in blade O&M. There is a clear thirst hairline cracks on blades, and very accurate technically robust and ambitious start-up. for data and more informed maintenance and robust data with a repeatable flight path We provided a globally competitive solution decision-making. There is also a thirst for providing consistency. Our solution provided that has delivered high quality data across creative and effective solutions that do not fit clients with actionable insights into the state the wind industry value chain, from OEMs, into the mold of traditional inspection data fed of their blades including measurement and to wind farm owners/operators, to other into Excel files, or PDF reports. tracking of damage over time, pushing third parties. As BladeInsight, we are towards data-driven decision-making in the building on this, while remaining rooted in Wind farm developers, OEMs and third industry. Clients who adopted this model of our same values of quality, agility and a parties in the industry want more visibility optimisation have reported more control and focus on the customer. over the state of their blades. And this is no visibility over their O&M budget. utopia - it’s just a matter of time and If we were just a drone company, we might adopting the right solution that can deliver Over time though, through the close industry worry only about the speed of the operation, tailored innovation for continuous, relationships we had developed, we wanted to ease of use, or about the level of automation expand our reach and realized that to reflect of the drone. Instead, as a blade centric our new ambitions we needed a new name. company, we are focused on what the customer needs, solutions that hit the right balance between cost-effectiveness, operational efficiency, but most importantly provide visibility and control over blade O&M maintenance planning and budgets. BladeInsight is not in the business of providing thousands of images, or an endless stream of PDF reports or Excel tables resulting from drone inspections. We are in the business of delivering technically sound expertise to our customers through high quality data, as well as a multi-source asset management platform on which customers can have a full record of the state of their blades. One of our main new features is our new WWW.PESWIND.COM 127

ASK THE EXPERTS: INSPECTIONS comprehensive asset management. budget allocations. Predictive maintenance the market today? will allow wind turbines to keep turning and PES: What markets are you currently active generating revenue. And they will do so AM: I would say the single biggest challenge in and how do you see your global reach confidently, with sound data that ensures facing blade O&M today is effectively expanding? We’ve heard you recently their health and longevity. achieving predictive maintenance. launched in the US. BladeInsight contributes not only the data The industry needs to be able to manage and AM: As I mentioned, our drone solution has quality needed for this, but the tools and leverage all of the different strands of data been deployed in 16 countries for clients technical expertise required to make a that compose blade O&M, including across the blade value chain through a significant impact for clients who are inspection data from any source, network of partners. In South America, in responsible for making maintenance manufacturing data, external data such as particular, it has had a great deal of success decisions and plan maintenance budgets weather, and ally it with technical expertise with our partner company ArthWind, market across the value chain. such as root cause analysis and serial defects. leader in Brazil, recently expanding to This will require extensive modelling of Uruguay and Chile. PES: How has the COVID-19 pandemic Artificial Intelligence with blade expertise and affected your company this year, and how providing powerful insights for the industry, We have also expanded our own operational do you see this rolling out? leading to more timely, more effective, and arm, in particular with the recent launch of more long lasting maintenance. BladeInsight in the United States. With over AM: When COVID-19 shook the world in 110 GW of operating wind power capacity in March of 2020, we were unsure of what was This is where we come in and deliver for the United States and 60,000 wind turbines in store for the industry, for us and for our the industry. in 41 states and two U.S. territories, the team. But I feel we rose to the challenge as launch of BladeInsight in the US market is a a company. We immediately and seamlessly PES: Looking forward - what’s on your landmark for the company. went fully remote to contribute to roadmap? flattening the curve. Our team Our customers in the US can now benefit demonstrated their agility and resilience by AM: We are moving forward with rolling out from an even more extensive suite of pushing ahead and making it work even if our suite of solutions to optimize the blade inspection solutions and technical we weren’t physically together. maintenance cycle. On the data collection engineering and consulting services. side, we will be releasing a new version of our Today we are a multicultural team of more autonomous drone inspection solution that In the United States, we provide autonomous than 20 employees, based in Lisbon, Portugal will be able to inspect all three blades of the drone and internal crawler inspections, as and with a Houston, TX office, with turbine without blade repositioning, with a well as technical engineering consulting, backgrounds ranging from advanced guarantee of high data quality. ranging from fleet management to remote robotics, data science, web development, and on-site repair auditing, supported by business and communications and of course, On the data processing and asset powerful analytical tools. blade engineering. management side, the BladeInsight platform will continue to grow to cater to the full value PES: Predictive maintenance seems like a And, if anything, the pandemic has shown chain of the blade. And finally, we will buzz word in blade O&M. We hear customers that the wind sector is more crucial than ever, continue to work closely with our customers calling for it, competitors promising it. with significant public and private and partners to incorporate blade expertise What’s BladeInsight’s take on this? investments increasing around the world. We into our solution for effective, actionable are looking forward to the green recovery! insights to optimize blade O&M. AM: Blade O&M is often characterized by its reactive nature. This brings higher costs, PES: And the single biggest challenge facing www.bladeinsight.com inefficiencies and ultimately suboptimal 128 PES WIND

Tailored solutions for optimizing blade O&M Autonomous drone Internal crawler AI-assisted technical Cloud-based asset inspections inspections blade expertise management platform Allying powerful technological tools with blade expertise www.bladeinsight.com

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TALKING POINT Hyper-collaboration is the new norm in offshore wind Some would argue that the offshore wind industry is the epitome of efficiency. Wind turbines keep getting bigger and bigger, which appeared impossible just a few years ago, resulting in reduced levelized cost of energy. The pioneers within the sector can collectively argue that they have started a coevolution towards decarbonation and a greener world. 132 PES WIND

TALKING POINT Meanwhile, it is the phenomena of how therefore has observed the changes. They needed in the offshore wind industry. constant efficiency and cost reduction drive believe the future is hyper-collaboration, the offshore wind market that is interesting. between ports and between companies In 2018, many of the major players in the How and when is the optimum achieved, as servicing the offshore wind industry. offshore wind industry got together to this could be the point where the offshore develop the ‘Guideline for planning and wind industry will develop fastest. These There are numerous examples of the sharing execution of WTG lifting operations’, which is questions puzzled the management of Port economy in operation at the port. A an example of how collaboration was Esbjerg, which has been used as an prominent example involves one of the largest achieved to ensure continued safe lifting installation port for nearly two decades and fleets of mobile harbor cranes. The port owns operations, through common agreed and operates the cranes that are used by both standards. The same uniform approach to manufacturers of major components for safety was recently used for road safety in offshore wind turbines and the various Port Esbjerg, sharing and agreeing on a stevedore companies operating in the port. safety pledge when designing road junctions using knowledge of the location. Here This system is well known and helps reduce competitors from both the original the cost of crane usage. Another example is equipment manufacturers and service the specially trained dockers, all members of companies came together with the mutual the same cooperative group, which has been goal of improving road safety in the port. in operation since 1944. Each stevedore company requests the dockers on a call off This practice of collaboration goes beyond basis, paying for the service only as and when the benefits of the sharing economy. Prior to it is needed. the COVID-19 pandemic, Port Esbjerg was visited by close to 200 delegations every The sharing economy drives down costs to year. The stakeholders, from the emerging the benefit of the port and the companies markets within offshore, all pass through the working here. Hyper-collaboration is the port to understand how one of the next generation for efficiency and the point epicenters for offshore wind in Europe works. at which the port can operate beyond the current optimum. A system that allows the Conversely, the heuristics to developing a service companies to share equipment and port suitable for offshore wind goes way resources and thereby work together beyond seabed modifications, load on without coordination. quayside and layout of roads and buildings. The true DNA is how the companies in the For example, where availability in a port have been and are able to embrace the warehouse owned by one company is leased challenges and opportunities in the industry out to a competitor, or unused handling and how they have developed their services equipment is shared to achieve better together, both within the port and in other utilization. This takes the availability of locations in Europe. equipment out of the equation and allows companies to compete on information and Hyper-collaboration is the next big thing. It competency, which is intrinsic to the safety requires a common goal to remain one of the WWW.PESWIND.COM 133

TALKING POINT most efficient offshore wind ports in Europe, installation from Port Esbjerg. coordinate with manufacturers delivering to starting with a mutual approach to safety and the pre-assembly ports. The benefit is seeking to expand towards the next offshore There is a proven track record of efficient and reduced cost and risk to port calls and wind markets. To take advantage of this cost effective installation of Dutch and load-out operations between peer ports. opportunity the companies each need to German wind farms from Port Esbjerg, Knowledge sharing will be crucial to achieve evaluate how they optimize their current supported by the port activities in the this, and this trend may be argued to be the competitive advantage together. The hinterland. epitome of hyper-collaboration for the sharing of resources and material to predicted expansion in the European markets. constantly improve knowledge, efficiency The Danish wind industry dates back more and returns, while simultaneously lowering than 45 years, whereas the first offshore Today, 148 GW of offshore wind is being the cost of services must be the basis of any farm was installed from Port Esbjerg in 2002. screened, planned, consented and pre- offshore wind port. Both onshore and offshore wind in Denmark constructed in Europe for the next decade or expanded because of this. Plus, the fact that so. This should be seen in the context of the The setup in Esbjerg exemplifies this. A large today blades, nacelles, and towers for 22 GW currently installed. The surge is area and flexibility are the norm, and offshore wind are produced in Denmark and significant, and it could therefore be said that collaboration for mutual benefits is the key to can be easily transported to the port. This port competition must give way to success. Here, the port and companies combination of the logistic network to the collaboration, which is needed to support operating in the port work together, both in port and the efficiency and experience of the this green transition. Port capacity is the surging offshore wind market, and also in service companies operating here means required, as the market provides the situations of crises illustrated when the that Port Esbjerg is very competitive beyond opportunity for every port located close to COVID-19 pandemic affected the port. Port the Danish markets. the future wind farms. Esbjerg decided to initiate a string of initiatives, where unused areas could be Equally, the capacity to manufacture major The offshore wind industry is therefore redelivered to the port from day to day and components at the ports in the future is facing the challenge to keep costs under payment terms were postponed. This was essential. Needless to say, the ports offering control in a surging market, while continuing implemented in order to support the liquidity vast areas for the establishment of these to work innovatively, safely and efficiently. of affected companies. The result was initiatives will be in the forefront of the next This calls for a united global view, where port remarkable and offshore wind activities step in hyper-collaboration. and companies take an active role in leading continued undisrupted to and from Dutch the collaboration for the green transition. wind farms, with pre-assembly, load-out and Ports need to deliver a concerted approach to services, where the hub port will have to In Port Esbjerg the example of multiple 134 PES WIND

TALKING POINT companies engaging in the goal of reducing their emissions led to the carbon pledge. This allowed the port, together with the world leading Honeywell Inc, to develop systems which determine the carbon footprint in real time. The data is used to most effectively deploy the transformer to connect the vessels to certified green power. Similarly, it provides the example of how companies with common goals can hyper-collaborate to find new ways of working together to enhance the status quo. Working together can be envisaged in many aspects of offshore wind operations from standardized transport equipment, to sharing material handling and resources, and to the unified development of skills for the many jobs renewable energy will create in the future. Achieving the optimum in port operations for offshore wind requires both cost leadership and efficiencies built on using the skills of those performing the work. www.portesbjerg.dk WWW.PESWIND.COM 135

TALKING POINT Boost for online trade in wind energy Words: S tefan Weber, Windsourcing.com GmbH Online trade is the big winner of the Corona crisis. This also applies to the spare parts and repair market for wind turbines. A Hamburg company, a pioneer in this niche in 2013, is now gaining momentum despite, or because of Corona. Stefan Weber, Founder and Managing Director of Windsourcing. com GmbH, shares his thoughts with PES on how the foundation of a digital trading company came about and how much more importance digitization has gained among the broad masses in the context of the Corona crisis. I am an Amazon fan. Please do not this question. We have dedicated ourselves Stefan Weber misunderstand me. It is completely entirely to the trade and distribution of spare unacceptable not to pay sales tax from Asian parts and repair materials for wind turbines. although the challenges for a new distributor suppliers in Germany and to pay little if any We mainly use the internet as a sales and were and still are manifold, especially because company tax at all. No, I am a fan of focusing distribution channel. we are ‘bootstrapped’, that means we are built on the customers and their benefits: the without outside capital and investor money. punctual and fast delivery and using the The reason for our success lies in our constant distribution channel Internet. This efforts to make it as easy as possible for our Another industrial giant serves as a model for enthusiasm has driven me already in 2013 customers to procure what they need to us in meeting this challenge: Toyota. Their when I founded Windsourcing.com. It was purchase. The key to our success is a principle is to minimize wastage. So, we are clear to me that digitalization does not stop comprehensive product portfolio from a also constantly working on optimizing our at renewable energies and here the industry variety of suppliers, an uncomplicated ordering processes, creating the necessary structures and the entire energy industry can learn a lot process including an online ordering option via and reducing costs. from Amazon and Co. our online store and reliable information on delivery times. If we are not able to deliver in a Prior to the foundation of the company, I had time requested by the customer, we will inform already been working for many years as the customer before, not after the order! external purchaser and consultant for wind farm operators. What was missing was a We want to serve our customers as fast as platform where you could get everything online distributors in the B2C sector, which is from one source - fast and uncomplicated, not unique in the B2B environment, but still like Amazon. Okay, this is about a very special an exception. We want to process inquiries market, a niche. But the spare parts market in and orders promptly; a customer should not the wind industry has also grown to a wait more than one to two hours for a billion-euro market worldwide over the last response. We often wait days, if not weeks, 20 years. With the additions made in the last for information from our suppliers. ten to twelve years and various plans around the world, this development will continue and During the delivery process we also follow the market will become even more standard processes in online trade. If, for interesting. But how do you serve this high example, goods were sent with a parcel service, demand, which is quite specific in the details? the customer automatically receives an e-mail with the tracking number and can check the Windsourcing.com was and is our answer to status of the goods delivery independently. This approach has worked very well so far, 136 PES WIND

The leader in blade heating! www.wicetec.com

TALKING POINT How did Windsourcing come about and how Online-Shopping for wind turbine spare parts Source: windsourcing/ istock/serts did we evolve? The corona crisis as accelerator mechanism before Corona that we are responding to a The principle seems to work, if you consider very large demand on the market with our our relatively young company history: We Then arrived Corona and the world was in digital services. Our approach - since the started in 2013 with one or two orders per many ways a different one. However, not so in beginning - to offer various products for the month. Within a year, we have more than the online business. Covid-19 has massively wind industry exclusively online, thus making quintupled our product portfolio from 2,300 accelerated the transformation processes information and goods directly available to to over 12,000 items. In 2015, we were able to that were and are pending anyway, especially customers in many important wind markets win two important chemical companies - in retail, and has cleaned up the market in worldwide, has proven to be right. We will BASF from Ludwigshafen (today Akzo Nobel) some areas. Companies that were well continue to pursue this path consistently and and Sika with headquarters in Baar, positioned online are barely affected by the expand continuing the successful results from Switzerland - as supply partners. These Corona crisis and are usually even profiting. the first half of 2020. major players and their portfolios play a decisive role, especially in the areas of rotor The first six months of 2020 were successful So, there is still a lot to do: Plans are underway blade repair and corrosion protection. for us. We were able to increase our sales to expand the product portfolio and intensify compared with the first half of 2019. State aid relationships with customers and suppliers. One year later, we first offered product was not necessary for the company. We were For example, we are not yet able to deliver training courses for corrosion protection able to add other supply partners, such as quickly to every destination in Europe, and we together with Sika Germany, which was very coating material manufacturers Bergolin from want to make improvements, especially in the well accepted by our customers. It is not only Osterholz-Scharmbeck in Lower Saxony or hazardous goods sector. In addition, we want here, by the way, that we combine the new Mankiewicz from Hamburg, to our portfolio to use our pioneering position in the market to online business with the strength of the ‘old’ and further expand our international business. further promote digitization within the over-the-counter retail trade, which industry. For us, it has once again been distinguishes us from anonymous platforms In June 2020, Windsourcing.com even confirmed that only a complete digitization of like Amazon: We can always be approached recorded its strongest month of sales since its business processes is truly up-to-date and personally, in five languages, either by phone foundation. So, the chosen strategy is proving meets the current needs of customers around or e-mail. In 2017, our sales rose to over 1 to be far-sighted, particularly in the current the globe. Unfortunately, we repeatedly find million euros for the first time. Today, we have situation. It is now becoming even clearer than that only a few companies in the wind industry well over 50,000 products from more than 300 have fully automated and digitized processes supply partners - and the trend is rising rapidly. to date, such as automated notification of We receive a large number of orders daily and delivery delays. I would therefore like to already sell to all wind markets in Europe. encourage all players in the industry to take advantage of the opportunities offered by In November 2019 and July 2020 digital processes. After all, digitized respectively, we hired two new employees structures play a crucial role if the energy specifically for the Spanish and French- turnaround is to succeed. We all will have to speaking markets. Outside of Europe, we put a lot of effort into these processes, but it regularly deliver to Japan and to many other is inevitable and necessary. countries. After the data transfer of product information, merchandise management and www.windsourcing.com customer communication were both digital from the very beginning, another important and consistent step was the setup of our B2B online shop in February 2020. With the launch of the wide-ranging online shop, we were now able to seamlessly transfer the entire information and purchasing process to the digital world. Contact us: Stefan Weber, Founder and Managing Director Windsourcing.com GmbH [email protected] 138 PES WIND

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The leader in blade heating! www.wicetec.com Tailored solutions for optimizing blade O&M Autonomous drone Internal crawler AI-assisted technical Cloud-based asset inspections inspections blade expertise management platform Allying powerful technological tools with blade expertise www.bladeinsight.com WindEnergy NAVMOOR-A4-ADVERT-V3.pdf 1 04/06/2020 15:47 Hamburg C 1 – 4 December 2020 M Y New Realities. CM New Chances. MY 2020 Goes Digital. CY CMY Join the global on & K offshore marketplace windenergyhamburg.com BBC Chartering leads the industry with a diverse and capable fleet of 140 multipurpose and heavy-lift vessels. We carried more than 2500 blades this year, and remain committed Organised by: In cooperation with: Co-organised by: Global Partner: Partners: to delivering wind energy to the world. With the largest fleet in the industry and 30 offices around the world, a commitment from BBC Chartering means something. WE20_AZ216x303_PES.indd 1 07.10.20 15:22 It means we’ll perform. TSR Wind: 125 bbc-chartering.com www.tsrwind.com Wicetec: 137 bladeinsight: 129 www.wicetec.com www.bladeinsight.com Labkotec: 142 WindEnergy Hamburg: 130 www.labkotec.com www.windenergyhamburg.com Navmoor: IBC Port Esbjerg: 131 www.navmoor.com www.portesbjerg.dk BBC Chartering: OBC www.bbc-chartering.com WWW.PESWIND.COM 141

# WORD ON THE TWEET Deutsche Windtechnik @Windtechnik Deutsche Time for our last round-up of Windtechnik has signed a interesting tweets for 2020. major contract with Follow the links to find out more. windpunx to retrofit ADLS at several wind farms: http://ow.ly/YuLq50C3z8x #windenergy #BNK @SiemensGamesa At AWEA´s Offshore WindEnergy Hamburg Wind Virtual Summit, our colleague Abby @WindEnergyHH WindTV programme is Watson, together with other female leaders, online! Check out the exciting line-up with top discussed how women are powering speakers from politics, finance, wind, science offshore wind. The discussion came after & technology, as well as celebrities, start-ups our company signed up to the UN’s Target and #FridaysForFuture leaders on 3 streams Gender Equality program. https:// from 1 to 4 Dec. https://windenergyhamburg. siemensgamesa.com/en-int/explore com/en/event/windtv/programme #windenergyhamburg #climatefirst NnG Offshore Wind @nngoffshorewind East Lothian American Wind Energy Association and Berwickshire supply chain @AWEA Fact Check: #WindEnergy has some of the offered opportunity to support lowest environmental impacts of any source of build of offshore wind farm’s #electricity generation. Since wind energy does not Operations and Maintenance base. burn fuel to generate electricity, it does not emit any Read more and sign up for the event air pollutants or 'fumes' such as carbon dioxide or here: https://bit.ly/35gBXpl sulfur dioxide. #Debates2020



BBC Chartering leads the industry with a diverse and capable fleet of 140 multipurpose and heavy-lift vessels. We carried more than 2500 blades this year, and remain committed to delivering wind energy to the world. With the largest fleet in the industry and 30 offices around the world, a commitment from BBC Chartering means something. It means we’ll perform. bbc-chartering.com