PES Wind 4 2019

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TALKING POINT Purposeful innovations GustoMSC NG-9000C design with Telescopic Leg Crane 102 PES WIND

TALKING POINT The offshore wind turbine installation market has matured significantly over the last decade. For the inexperienced observer, or even for some of the seasoned offshore professionals, the applied installation methods in Europe are all more, or less the same. However, only few of the existing installation vessels will be suitably equipped to meet the demands of the next generation turbines. To avoid an installation bottleneck, designers and equipment suppliers will remain focussed on purposeful innovation. Wind turbine manufacturers will be eager to • W ind turbine manufacturers know the and equipment suppliers to keep focusing explain the big differences between their current installation equipment, understand on purposeful innovation, being faster and own and competitors’ turbines. The their potential and limitations and have more efficient while maintaining or installation contractors bring their own found a good balance between modifying improving safety. expertise to the job and will confirm that their scope (turbine) and requiring every single installation site, and even every modifications to the installation jack-ups Faster and more efficient wind installation single turbine location can be vastly with their specialized cranes. different. Also the designers of the Recent developments in turbine sizes, installation jack-ups with dedicated cranes • D esigners with proven products have met weights and especially required installation are always keen to point out the different their promises in terms of timely delivery heights, have pushed designers to come up capabilities between the units. and delivery to specifications. This avoids with new solutions. Recently GustoMSC both the time risk and technical risk. introduced innovative solutions in the field of Nonetheless, from a global perspective, installation jack-ups. insights gained over the last decade have led • Y ards like to price equipment that they know, to convergence in applied methods and since they can manage the risk. No need to Operator support software technology. As long as none of the input include extra risk premium, and they can parameters such as turbine sizes, reliably predict their time to delivery. GustoMSC developed the new Operator environment, logistical infrastructure Support System (OSS) to enable the radically changes, it will be extremely difficult Nevertheless, the same industry is operator to work more efficiently. The for innovative concepts to enter the market. challenged to have sufficient and capable operator can maximize efficiency by having Why is this the case? installation equipment in time in order to all relevant information available real time. At meet the installation demands of the next the same time, safety is maximized because • D evelopers have mastered the process of generation turbines. This requires the the information of multiple sub-systems can efficient field development, understand the developers to provide a sufficient pipeline be combined and manual misinterpretation risks and hence have honed their skills of of work, to allow the contractors to invest in can be prevented. The OSS connects efficient project execution. new equipment, and requires the designers systems, extracts and intelligently combines the available data and translates the relevant GustoMSC Telescopic Leg Crane on NG-20000X design, with extended and retracted boom WWW.PESWIND.COM 103

TALKING POINT Apollo, a GustoMSC NG-5500X design information into key operational support. boom that features a very high hook height turbine offshore installation campaign, and is when extended (1,250 metric tons at 160m) therefore perfectly suitable for By coupling real-time foundation loads and and offers an increased hoisting capacity implementation of energy storage solutions. the crane operation, OSS can unlock the full when retracted (2,500 metric tons at 120m), potential of the jack-up unit. GustoMSC’s it is possible to break the cycle of extremely WTIV: changing perspective on energy proprietary pre-torque technique optimizes long protruding booms and increasing crane storage the distribution of foundation loads between weights, resulting in a more economic crane the jack-up legs, providing maximum crane design and increased variable load available Only a few years back in time, energy storage capacity for lifting operations. To put it for operations. solutions seemed relatively inefficient, and it simply, the load on the leg where the crane is was challenging to make a convincing case to positioned can be reduced by operating the A few weeks ago, Shimizu awarded the first demonstrate both the operational benefits jacking system, thus creating leg load contract for this telescopic leg crane. The and the reduced carbon footprint. capacity to be utilized by the crane reason that such an innovation could be operation. As a result, the crane can be used successful, regardless of the risk averse Since then, however, a combination of at maximum capacity. In this manner, jack-up attitude of the relevant parties involved, is factors has led to significant changes in platforms can be outfitted with larger cranes because existing solutions could simply thinking. The increasing size of wind turbine without compromising safety. not cope with the considerable heights components, requiring larger installation and weights. vessels, is one key element in this shift. This means that the introduction of new Bigger installation vessels require a risks is limited and in fact one of the larger In addition, by building and demonstrating significantly larger propulsion plant for industry risks like soil bearing failure during full functionality with a large-scale model, dynamic positioning, while at the same time heavy crane operations and consequential the perceived risks were mitigated. the required power during idling, waiting for potentially disastrous leg settlement, is weather, loading in harbor or even installing fully mitigated. Energy storage systems on WTIVs wind turbines on site, has only risen moderately. Telescopic leg crane Another development that has recently gained more traction is the optimization of In addition, significant improvements have Around the leg the telescopic crane offers power generation and consumption. Storing been made on hull resistance in recent years, an innovative combination of high hoisting energy on a temporary basis is a way to reducing power requirements for transit height for wind turbine installation and contribute to increased sustainability. A Wind conditions. This often makes the power heavy load capability for foundation Turbine Installation Vessel (WTIV) has a required for dynamic positioning the installation. By introducing a telescopic highly fluctuating power profile, during a dominant driver. The high demand for power 104 PES WIND

TALKING POINT The unit recently ordered by Shimizu with the telescopic crane Store and reuse energy for a relatively short period, leading to a standby, to guarantee sufficient power is Today, advances in battery technology fluctuating power profile, is ideally suited to available to maintain position during a have made it possible to effectively store temporary energy storage systems. And last generator failure. and feed power back into the batteries, but not least, energy storage solutions have Furthermore, a battery on standby is not instead of dissipating the energy via significantly matured in terms of technology. using fuel or wasting running hours, offering resistor banks. This application could be The capital cost has dropped ($/kWh) while an effective and clean alternative. useful for jacking down, lowering legs to energy density (kWh/kg) and energy the seabed, lowering the crane boom, efficiency have increased substantially. The Bold Tern, a GustoMSC NG-9000C design lowering the hook, and so on. Energy storage application GustoMSC has developed an integrated solution, where the jacking system and crane When it comes to the latest generation of are combined with a main vessel DC grid and wind turbine installation vessels, GustoMSC battery packs. To be effective, the system takes a case-by-case approach to assess needs proper integration, customized to the whether implementation of energy storage specific WTIV particulars and client systems is beneficial and supported by the operating profile. This is essential for cost end customer. For example, when the power effectiveness, reduced running hours, and an requirements during leg handling and DP overall reduced carbon footprint. operations are well above what is needed for transit, batteries can be an attractive option. Future outlook A WTIV arrives on site after several hours in GustoMSC measures all new inventions transit with relatively predictable power against the yard stick of current equipment consumption. During this period, the performance and methods. We need to be batteries can be charged. If a minimum faster, more efficient or have a reduced filling rate can be guaranteed, and DP environmental footprint and preferably a operations are time limited and relatively combination of those. predictable, batteries can be an effective solution. Rather than an extra generator The successful developments mentioned set, batteries can be installed to supply above are examples of purposeful innovation: short-term extra peak power. resolving a specific need, while limiting impact on related equipment. These In addition, batteries can supply instant innovations serve as enablers for the power, so operators don’t have to rely on installation of the bigger next generation spinning reserve, generators running on wind turbines. www.gustomsc.com WWW.PESWIND.COM 105

CONFERENCE CALL The hottest show in Asia’s booming wind energy market Here at PES we are delighted to bring you our review of the first ever Wind Energy Asia. Wind energy is growing rapidly in Asia, our clients are already excited about it. This event has been met with enthusiasm and it’s set to be a great annual show, a chance to meet up and network with prospective collaborators in a new market venture. 106 PES WIND

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CONFERENCE CALL ‘This is exactly the type of show I want to a forum of 26 sessions and over 250 attendees Extremely rewarding. come to! It’s not the largest, but no school discussed policy, project finance, kids stuffing bags with brochures, and the certification, operation and maintenance, and The skeptics had been many. Why quality of the meetings? Wow! Excellent!’ all other important issues throughout the Kaohsiung? Why not do it in Taipei where the said Giordano Toninelli, Sales Manager at industry. Plenum sessions on policy and government is? Because many of the key Tier FACCIN SpA sitting in his booth on the trade overall market followed the opening speech 1, 2 and 3 suppliers are in Kaohsiung. And the show floor. by Deputy Economics Minister Vincent Tseng, venue is on the harbor, facing Taiwan’s most responsible for Energy, in the morning. important port. And although the aspiration And this pretty much summed up the feeling had been to have activities in the harbor, due of the vast majority of attendees, exhibitors, In the afternoon the audience picked from 2 to time constraints these didn’t come about visitors, both to the exhibition and the forum tracks on Technology or Finance/ in 2019. For 2020 the first vessel to be of the Asia-Pacific Wind Energy Expo 2019. Certification to cover a wide range of topics stationed right next to the venue has been Held for the first time in the Kaohsiung such as project finance, localization, confirmed already: CWind will have a CTV Exhibition Center in Kaohsiung, South Taiwan operations & maintenance, supply chain, docked less than 100m from the hall for in March this year, the event provided a great training, HR, particular weather conditions registered guests to visit. More vessels are platform for B2B discussions, recruitment of right across the breadth of the industry. very likely. Visits to China Shipbuilding’s dry employees, industry information-gathering, Technicians and project managers took turns dock are in the works. Xinda Port, a search for local partners, policy discussions with CEOs and Vice Presidents to share their 20-minute drive away and key for the buildup with high level government officials and last knowledge and approaches from the podium. of foundations and for future operations and but not least to have a drink with your peers The conference rooms were buzzing. maintenance activities, are to have tours that in a relaxed networking event with live music are all but settled. under the palm trees by the harbor. To For the organizer’s small project team at cement strong relationships for the future. Intercon Convention Management, a What else can be expected in the 2020 version subsidiary of Taiwan’s live communication of the event, now re-branded Wind Energy 89 exhibitors sharing 158 booths in the leader Interplan International Corp. based in Asia? Anything below a doubling of the event exhibition hall were visited by over 1,500 Taipei, it had been a tough 9 months. Yes, it would be disappointing. Many key players who industry professionals. 80% from Taiwan, had come together in just 9 months. From stayed away wondering: if we really need to go with the other 20% came from 23 countries concept development and the first client to yet another wind energy event, have and or regions. Japan and Singapore having meetings in June 2018 to the event in realized, after visiting in March, that the the largest delegations, but Pakistan, South mid-March it was 9 months. They were answer is yes, they do. It’s not another event, Africa and USA among others, were also exhausted, but very happy. Happy with the it is really THE event in Taiwan. present. Pavilions from 6 nations, Denmark great feedback (and praise!) that everybody and Singapore were the biggest, jockeyed for gave them, and knowing that they had Taiwan has aspirations of becoming an Asian attention with large booths from Tier 1 together created the largest, most powerhouse in the wind industry, being able vendors with their local partners and JVs, international wind exhibition by far in Taiwan, to securely develop and refine the with a third of the companies being and already in its 1st version one of the most technology of foreign industry leaders to be Taiwanese exhibitors. important in Asia. Double to triple the size able to supply other Asian markets which are and number of exhibitors it attracted when developing as well but are a couple of years Simultaneously on the 1st day, 2 floors above, compared to the competitive event in Taipei. behind Taiwan. Securely means that the 108 PES WIND

CONFERENCE CALL foreign companies offering their technology semiconductors, cell phones, bicycles, Today the talk is primarily offshore, as the can do it safely, without getting ripped off by gaming to name a few, Taiwan has proven to government contracts currently are in that their partner, as many Asian horror stories have the innovativeness, tenacity and direction. The argument, as in many other tell, relying on a strong legal environment, on investment power required. Allowing this places, is that Taiwan is too crowded for tech-oriented partners interested in moving island smaller than Switzerland, located onshore given its size and population density. forward and upgrading into a developing between China and the vast Pacific, home to But once harbors, industrial zones and market, interested in joint-venturing for the over 23 million people with a strong work freeways are taken into consideration this long-term. ethic, battered by typhoons and earthquakes might change. And with the impressive to become a dominant power. Welcome to development of floating wind, one wonders The wind industry is propelled by a very resilient Taiwan! where the future development lies, which strong investment by the Taiwan central government, which has committed US$ 33 billion towards the goal of obtaining 20% of its power from renewables by 2025, with the lion share to come from wind. But due to the short deadlines the industry is scrambling. Combined with the localization requirements developers need to commit to. Many components are either not available locally or too expensive because local suppliers have not had the time to go down the learning curve. The development of a strong local supply chain is crucial and there is no time to be lost! And Wind Energy Asia is designed to contribute towards this end. Finding local partners, who are capable of using foreign technology, to produce components at an internationally competitive price. Create the talent to feed the industry, develop it and improve it. Already in a host of other industries, such as WWW.PESWIND.COM 109

CONFERENCE CALL direction it might take. For this reason, despite offshore getting a lot of airtime, Wind Energy Asia welcomes all sectors of the wind industry, so that discussions can be intense and all bases covered. The event has already become the focus of the industry in a market that cannot turn back whatever the democratic election results of next January. Elections that are an example for Asia. Power might stay with the same party, or change seamlessly to the next as it has always done since democracy was institutionalized, but Taiwan’s energy independence is a must, to reduce its dependence on imports, to reduce pollution and improve air quality, to meet its commitment to international accords in the world’s race to reduce CO2 emissions. Taiwan is becoming the front-runner in many fields. Be it in gender rights with recently-enacted LBGTQ legislation allowing same sex marriage, be it in a crime rate, which is so low that it is the envy of the majority of the developed world, be it with a business-minded environment that will not change whoever is in power, be it with a low cost of living, or just the friendliness of its people. Taiwan has a lot to offer. And definitely in wind energy. Come to be a part of this exciting new industry. Find your joint-venture partner, join all major developers who for good reason have established their Asia headquarters here and help move your industry forward in this exciting, hot market! www.windenergy-asia.com 110 PES WIND

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ASK THE EXPERTS: ACCOMMODATION Home comforts offshore Craig Marjoribanks, the Sales and Marketing Manager for HB Rentals, met up with us at PES. It was interesting to learn that this forward-looking company already has one of the largest rental fleets of ABS PAM certified modules, a must for business. He is enthusiastic about current projects and the future. Craig Marjoribanks 112 PES WIND

ASK THE EXPERTS: ACCOMMODATION PES: Hi Craig, welcome back to PES Wind, global scale. / offices etc. via the internal corridor, without it’s good to talk to you again. Would you like going outside. As well as linking, these to begin by giving us a brief overview of PES: We know that you have a variety of modules can also be stacked forming a your company? different types of containers on offer, could complex over multiple levels. you tell us about them and give us some Craig Marjoribanks: Hello it’s good to be examples of their use by your customers? We also provide enclosed staircase modules back and give you an update on HB Rentals. to supplement the accommodation, which We are a global provider of offshore modular CM: We have various sizes within our fleet can be stacked and linked onto the TLQ temporary living quarters (TLQ’s) and however, our core product line is our 32ft complex, allowing workers to move between welfare facilities for all types of offshore long x 11ft wide accommodation and welfare each level of the complex without going installations. From accommodation modules modules. These modules can either be outside. To HB Rentals, client comfort and to galleys, mess rooms, locker, laundry, standalone or form part of a larger complex, safety are paramount. gymnasiums and more, we have a large rental depending on the clients’ requirements. fleet in excess of 300+ modules between our Each type of modules we have has a standard Aberdeen and Abu Dhabi facilities to meet They come with a built-in internal corridor layout, however our clients can choose to our clients’ requirements. and en-suite cabin on either side, making it customise based on their requirements. possible to link multiple modules together, to Whether the cabins need to be single We also have facilities across the United form a self-contained complex. You can also occupancy or sleep 4 persons, have a desk States of America, Mexico, Trinidad & Tobago link welfare modules with the space with internet access for working or a and Saudi Arabia allowing us to serve our accommodation, so that it’s possible to move lounge seating area with television for added customers from various industries on a from the cabin to the mess / recreation room comfort. All of this would be developed with our client from the initial enquiry phase. When we designed our 32ft offshore accommodation and welfare modules, we considered numerous factors, thus ensuring that our equipment meets a broad range of regulatory compliances and certifying authority requirements. With worker safety and comfort at the forefront, some of the primary drivers include HSE Guidelines, DNV 2.7-1 certification, SOLAS / IMO regulations and most recently, the ABS Guide for Portable Accommodation. This enables us to supply equipment for a multitude of applications and configurations from standalone bedroom modules to large, multi-level accommodation complexes complete with welfare facilities and auxiliary services. PES: You mentioned the ABS Guidelines for Portable Accommodation Modules, can you explain to our readers a bit about this? CM: On January 15th, 2013, the American Bureau of Shipping, ABS, provided new guidelines for Portable Accommodations Modules. Going forward any new module being constructed would have to meet the requirements detailed within the guide, if it was going to be installed on an ABS-classed vessel. Included in the guide were new requirements for ‘design, construction, installation, and survey of accommodations modules.’ Previously, Accommodation Modules approved by a different certifying body would be accepted on-board ABS classed vessels, however, with the new PAM Guidelines this would now change. PES: So why is this now important for future projects? CM: Per the guide, ‘Existing modules to be installed on-board ABS classed vessels after 1 January 2018 are to comply with this Guide.’ Going forward all modules will need to be PAM certified if they are going to be used on an ABS classed vessel. HB Rentals are very well placed for this as we have one of the largest rental fleets of ABS WWW.PESWIND.COM 113

ASK THE EXPERTS: ACCOMMODATION PAM certified modules. Including sleeping which a custom TLQ complex needs to be maintain tight control over these resources modules, galleys, diners, recreations rooms designed, engineered, delivered and installed to ensure our ability to respond to client etc. available at any one of our global facilities. within weeks of initial contact. needs based on their schedule – not ours. PES: Could you tell us about your most Due to these industry demands, we set up PES: There are many companies offering on challenging solution in the wind industry our internal processes and operations as board accommodation and storage, why to date? such so that we can quickly respond to the should customers choose you, what makes opportunity with internal engineering, HB Rentals stand out from the competition? CM: Our two most high-profile offshore wind design, regulatory, fabrication, logistics, projects to date were mobilised installation and commissioning expertise. We CM: We pride ourselves on the service we simultaneously for the hook-up and commissioning phase of an offshore HVDC converter platform in the German North Sea. We installed a 20 POB (personnel on board) accommodation complex on-board during the physical platform installation, to provide additional accommodation and welfare facilities for our clients’ technicians. Concurrent with the HVDC converter platform TLQ installation, we had 96 POB installed on a jack-up barge, supporting the hook-up and commissioning phase of work. At this time, HB had a total of 69 rental accommodation modules installed across two installations for the same project, all mobilised and delivered within our client’s schedule. PES: Describe HB Rentals ability to technically execute a TLQ complex installation. CM: We have a defined process for supporting an offshore accommodation project. Since each project is a custom engineered solution, we adhere to a methodical approach in qualifying our clients’ requirements, which is very similar to a FEED (Front End Engineering Design) study. It is essential that we maintain rigorous quality assurance throughout the entire process, from requirements definition to engineering design, fabrication, shipping to site, usually a port and installation. Given the nature of short-term rental projects – that they tend to support specific work for a short duration, we are frequently contacted in the latter stages of the project’s development and subsequently have less time to plan and respond. It’s not uncommon to receive RFQs and project requests in 114 PES WIND

ASK THE EXPERTS: ACCOMMODATION provide to our customers and that’s why and logistics performed by our designated clients host installation. they continuously come back to us for their in-house teams, at each of our global facilities, TLQ requirements. we can control the project from start to finish. Also due to our global footprint, we can We also provide our own qualified technicians provide various options to our clients for By having all the design, engineering, to perform the installation, hook-up and what would work best for their project, based regulatory expertise, project management commissioning of the complex on-board the on the location. For example, with a project in the GOM, we can offer equipment out of Louisiana, US, Ciudad del Carmen, Mexico or Claxton Bay, Trinidad & Tobago. PES: We are coming to the end of 2019, how has this year been for HB Rentals? CM: In 2019 we’ve seen an increase in demand for accommodations modules in the North Sea, mainly onboard walk-to-work (W2W) type vessels servicing oil and gas platforms and offshore wind farms. One of the big projects we mobilised this year in Europe was a 28 POB Accommodation Complex on-board an ABS classed subsea support vessel going to operate in the Danish North Sea. Faced with a tight project schedule, as our standard rental units required customisation to meet client and project specific requirements, however we succeeded, and we delivered on time. We have also seen an increase in utilization at our Abu Dhabi, UAE facility for our ABS approved accommodations modules. Over the summer months, we mobilized 27 ABS approved accommodations modules to various customers, providing a total of 216 additional beds on-board multiple vessels. www.hbrentals.com Company profile HB Rentals Limited is a superior energy services company, which specialises in DNV & ABS certified temporary offshore accommodation solutions, Zone I / Zone II hazardous area service modules, and workshop and refrigeration containers. We are a global organisation with key operating and service facilities located in strategic markets around the world including Scotland, USA, UAE, Saudi Arabia, Mexico and Trinidad & Tobago. We have been based in Aberdeen for over 25 years, servicing oil & gas, offshore wind and maritime customers with a hire fleet in excess of 300+ DNV & ABS certified, A60 rated modules and providing customised solutions according to specific requirements. Our UK & Middle East facilities are accredited to ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and OHSAS 18001 quality, environmental, and health & safety management systems respectively and we strive to maintain the highest industry standards and certification available in the market. WWW.PESWIND.COM 115

TALKING POINT Damen’s ambitions for American offshore wind Damen Shipyards Group has established a firm foothold in the European offshore wind sector over the last decade. Now the Dutch shipbuilding and maritime services company is turning its attention to the emerging market of the American offshore wind industry. Here Damen’s Director Business Development & Market Intelligence, David Stibbe and Area Manager North America, Daan Dijxhoorn, discuss some of the main issues involved in the development of offshore wind in American waters, and the way that Damen is tailoring both its services and portfolio to meet American requirements. 116 PES WIND

TALKING POINT The fact that the offshore wind industry has around 3MW, today all the biggest names in Renewable energy sources do play a role, but its roots firmly planted in Europe is an turbine production have introduced turbines only bring in around 17% of the total undisputed fact. In the league table of capable of double digits of MW production. requirement. Looking specifically at offshore installed power generation capacity, the UK, wind, there is currently only one offshore Germany, Denmark and the Netherlands hold Massive potential wind farm in operation in American waters, the top four positions. The last five years, in Block Island off the Rhode Island coast. This particular, have seen a massive increase in ‘Whereas the European offshore wind is minimal to say the least, but despite this, it installation and commissioning of new wind industry has grown very rapidly over the last can be said with certainty that the American farms. The most notable trend is one of two decades, and is now a very significant offshore wind industry has great potential. expansion: offshore wind farms are not only industry, the U.S. offshore wind industry is getting larger, they are also being built just getting off the starting blocks,’ says ‘Wind, of course, is the key driver,’ continues further out to sea in deeper, rougher waters. Dijxhoorn. Indeed, power production in the Dijxhoorn. ‘To this end, the East Coast of the On top of that, components are getting United States still relies heavily on non- United States is a prime location for the bigger. While ten years ago the typical renewable energy sources. Fossil fuels and development of offshore wind farms. Look at capacity for an offshore wind turbine was nuclear power generate more than 80% of average speeds; they are the most relevant. the country’s total energy needs. From North Carolina all the way up to Newfoundland, winds speeds increase the further north you go.’ Another important point is that the northern states of the Eastern Coast, Rhode Island, Massachusetts, New York and Connecticut – are also among the most densely populated. ‘These areas require a large amount of energy, but the population density means there is less land available for power generation. Therefore, in terms of energy production and supply, offshore is the best way to go.’ Green strategies Average wind speeds are not the only factor to consider when discussing offshore wind in America, as Stibbe goes on to say: ‘It is also politically driven. Most of the north- eastern states are democratic and have clear green strategies.’ On this subject, it is notable that decisions regarding offshore wind farm development are made by State legislature rather than Federal Government. ‘It is these East Coast States who are taking the initiatives. We have seen no slow-down since Trump has been in office as the White House has limited influence on the developments in the offshore wind industry.’ Another relevant point is that the American market can utilise the advances made by the European market and supply chain over the last couple of decades. ‘This means that the American offshore wind market will not have to undergo the steep learning curve that we have experienced in Europe,’ adds Stibbe. ‘They are joining in further down the road where the working procedures are more defined, the vessels are more tailored, and the overall efficiency is so much better. However, the issue of local content is a point that cannot be ignored, though, all vessels will need to be built locally.’ Local content compliance The ‘elephant in the room’ that Stibbe is referring to is better known in shipbuilding circles as the Jones Act. With the official name of the Merchant Marine Act of 1920, the Jones Act is a United States federal regulation brought into effect to promote and maintain the position of the American WWW.PESWIND.COM 117

TALKING POINT experience in working with American yards is our unique selling point,’ says Dijxhoorn. It must be stated that this is, by no means, an empty promise: Damen has a proven track record of building its vessels for a variety of maritime sectors in American yards. ‘We know how to deal with, and we have the flexibility to comply with, these local content regulations. This gives offshore wind developers wanting to use the same vessel designs that have proved themselves in the European market a lot of chances. And for all the types of vessel required, for construction, crew transfer, cable-lay, operations and maintenance tasks. The Damen portfolio has proven solutions.’ Out of this range of vessels suited for operations in the offshore wind industry, two specific examples stand out as being the ‘flag bearers’ for the Damen fleet in America. These are the Service Operations Vessel (SOV) and the Fast Crew Supplier (FCS) 2710. Damen’s Fast Crew Supplier 2710 is the benchmark of crew transfer operations for the offshore wind sector. Market optimism merchant navy. The Act stipulates that all For American clients, the benefit of DTC is The Damen SOV was developed in close goods transported by water between United clear; it will enable them to comply with cooperation and extensive consultation with States ports must be carried on U.S. flagged Jones Act local content regulations. In key players in the offshore wind sector. The vessels that have been constructed in the addition to Jones Act compliance, clients SOV’s ‘walk-to-work’ capabilities enable U.S, in addition to being owned and crewed using DTC have access to support from the wind farm contractors to carry out safe, by U.S. citizens. entire Damen organisation. This includes marine access deployment of offshore R&D, product development, spare parts support and maintenance engineers. While ‘The Jones Act will be one of the first things delivery and customer finance plans. its key characteristics of seakeeping, wind farm developers have to deal with,’ says comfort and operability are undeniably Stibbe. ‘This situation is made even more No empty promises noteworthy. What makes Damen’s SOV complicated because every state also has unique is that it is available, as a shipbuilding their own local content policy on top of the ‘As far as we know, we are the only European package for American clients through DTC. Jones Act. These local content regulations shipbuilder to be in the position to offer a stipulate the use of local vessel operators service like this. Our procedures for building The 27m long FCS 2710 has such a well- and local shipyards as vessel builders.’ The vessels in local yards and our extensive established reputation in the European crucial discussion point here is that there are offshore wind sector that is barely needs an currently no existing U.S. flagged vessels introduction. ‘Based on the highly successful that match the requirements of the emerging offshore wind industry. ‘The diverse range of vessels needed for the variety of phases of an offshore wind farm all have to be built.’ Damen Technical Cooperation ‘Basically, you’re talking about a whole new fleet,’ adds Dijxhoorn. ‘If you look at the installation process, as soon as the turbine has been installed in U.S. waters, it is constituted as a U.S. port. Therefore, every vessel sailing to it needs to be American- made. Operators will not be able to use the existing fleet.’ Damen has embraced the Jones Act, by Developed after extensive consultation with key players in the offshore wind sector, Damen’s Service forming cooperative relationships with Operations Vessel combines the three key characteristics of seakeeping, comfort and operability. American yards, which have the capacity to build Damen designs. Known as Damen Technical Cooperation (DTC), this is a service that the company introduced to allow clients to build their vessels at local yards. DTC is a well-established method of building ships in local yards; Damen has completed well in excess of 1,000 DTC projects in 70 different countries over the years. 118 PES WIND

TALKING POINT FCS 2610, this vessel is the benchmark of crew transfer operations,’ says Stibbe. ‘We have used this vessel as a starting point to develop the FCS 3410. At 34m long, this is an ‘extension’ of the FCS 2710. This increased capacity is going to be interesting for the American market.’ Dijxhoorn then emphasises the fact that Damen is also tailoring its portfolio to meet the American regulations of ABS and the US Coast Guard. ‘Moreover, we are introducing our European clients to the US market,’ he says. This can be seen as ‘matchmaking’ key stakeholders from Europe such as operators like Orsted and suppliers such as Vestas and Siemens to American operators. Asked if Damen is optimistic about its position in the future of the American offshore wind industry, Dijxhoorn’s answer is clear: ‘The first projects will be up and running in the next five years. The decade after that will see a rapid expansion. We are confident of our fleet and our local vessel construction experience to contribute a key part in this emerging market.’ www.damen.com WWW.PESWIND.COM 119

THINK TANK Testing and validation of large wind turbine blades Words: Steffen Czichon, Florian Sayer, Moritz Bätge Abstract: The continuing increase in rotor diameters is pushing the structural load-carrying capabilities of turbine blades to the limit. In order to ensure reliability and structural integrity, representative testing and validation methods are now more important than ever before. Development in wind turbine blades the flap. The edge bending moment is Using a similar argument, the importance of predominantly taken up by the leading and detecting design flaws as early as possible in Wind turbine manufacturers are continuing trailing edge, which are often reinforced with the design process increases with the high to increase rotor diameters with the aim of additional unidirectional layers. development costs of very long blades. boosting annual energy production (AEP). Consequently, extensive and representative Due to the high installation costs per turbine, As gravitational loads become more validation and testing campaigns are desired this is especially true for offshore blades, but influential compared to wind loads for longer throughout the design process. onshore turbines are also increasing in size, blades, the structural load-carrying as multi-megawatt turbines are being capability of the leading and trailing edge is of Full-Scale Mechanical Testing developed for lower wind speeds. increasing importance. Take for example a typical turbine with a 20-year operational life, Full-scale mechanical blade testing is Direct scaling of blade dimensions would a 120m rotor, and a tip speed of 80 m/s, the performed according to Part 23 of the IEC result in a cubic relationship between blade resulting loads across the blade’s leading and 61400 standard and consists of extreme load mass and blade length. However, this is trailing edge will change as a result of gravity static tests, a fatigue test emulating the certainly too conservative for some areas of changes approx. 100 million times. This high entire service life, and post-fatigue static the blade, for example the skin panels, number of cycles combined with high tests. Due to the increasing size of the which need to scale with the blade surface material loading and the variability of the turbine blades, fewer test facilities are able area. Thus, a theoretical scaling exponent loads make blades one of the highest to accommodate mechanical testing of the below three is expected. In the past, this fatigue-loaded technical structures. latest blade models. ‘square-cube law’ has repeatedly been beaten due to both design and material Assuming unchanging or similar materials Limiting factors for the capacity to test innovations, and scaling factors between for future blades, structural reserves can turbine blades are the length of the test hall 2.2 and 2.4 have been reported. This only be better utilized by reducing safety and the hall height, which is required to illustrates how structural load carrying margins. As the structural reliability is not to accommodate the large deformations during capabilities are pushed to the limits. be reduced, this requires a much better both static and dynamic testing. However, understanding of material and structural the most crucial factor is the ability of the Put simply, mechanical loads on wind turbine behavior. As such, great efforts are invested test rig to carry both static and fatigue blades can be categorized into flapwise in capturing and predicting the damage bending moments. loads, which are caused directly by the wind, behavior of blades and the influence of and edgewise loads, which originate from the manufacturing effects. Evaluation of The IWES operates two test rigs geared to generated torque and the gravitational loads. manufacturing defects becomes of the test blades around 70m and 90m in length utmost importance for long blades, as the respectively. A third rig, designed to test Spar caps consisting of unidirectional glass costs attached to discarding a blade increase large blades of more than 115m in length, is or carbon fiber reinforced polymers (GFRP/ exponentially with the blade length. under construction and will enter operation CFRP) carry the main loads in the direction of in 2021. 120 PES WIND

THINK TANK Rotor diameters for selected turbines Fatigue tests are usually executed in both the can be specifically targeted. Likewise, As sub-component tests are expected to edge and flap direction separately. More specific failure modes can be triggered play an increasing role in future blade representative testing is possible through dual during testing, which cannot easily be certifications, the IWES is currently axis tests. As fatigue tests are performed using covered in a full-scale test. constructing a new test rig for sub- harmonic excitation for energetic reasons, the Sub-component testing is already included components between 5 m and 20 m in length, main challenge with dual axis testing is to deal as optional in the upcoming IEC standard. which is expected to be operational by the with the different eigenfrequencies in the flap While more costly and time-consuming than end of 2019, in addition to its existing one. and edge direction. material tests at coupon level, sub- component tests provide a validation level, Coatings and LEP Systems As the test duration is dominated by the which is much closer to the full-scale blade natural frequency of the blade, testing blades test yet significantly cheaper and faster. As wind turbines operate under harsh above the 100m mark results in very long Using intelligent test campaign definitions, environmental conditions, leading edge testing times. As time-to-market is a critical combinations of segment and sub- protection is a substantial challenge for the parameter in a competitive industry, test component testing can even reduce industry. Failure to protect the blade surface times are sought to be shortened. time-to-market at an increased level of results in loss of energy production and Accordingly, the IWES has proposed validation and reliability. costly repair efforts. Consequently, a reliable segmented blade testing, where the root and leading edge protection system is essential a tip segment of a blade are tested 1:1 cut out test of blade trailing edge separately. Comparative studies have shown that a reduction in both test time and test cost can be obtained for blades longer than 100m when using segmented testing. Sub-Component Testing Sub-component testing can be categorized into generic specimens representing typical blade structures such as beams or joints and 1:1 cut-outs of full-scale blades. Generic sub-components can be used early in the design process to verify design assumptions, but also to substantiate allowable design values. Well-designed tests of original size cut-outs offer at least the same level of model validation as a full-scale blade test for a limited area of the blade. While the area of interest is limited, sub-component tests allow for a more flexible load definition as possible in a full-scale blade test. For instance, certain critical loading scenarios WWW.PESWIND.COM 121

THINK TANK Innovative validation concepts for wind turbine blades for wind turbine blades. Both retrofit testing and validation, as the costs and representative testing and validation of solutions and technologies for newly associated with structural failures are wind turbine blades. A strong focus has been manufactured blades are required. increasing. In order to support the wind placed on the development of testing industry in producing the best blades methodology such as sub-component Due to the high economic importance, great possible, Fraunhofer IWES has continued to testing and segment testing. pressure is also put on test and validation develop an extensive test infrastructure to methods. In its Leading Edge Lab, the IWES meet the increasing need for the accelerated www.iwes.fraunhofer.de operates a helicopter test rig. This rig runs at relatively low speeds and with a large Fraunhofer IWES Leading Edge Lab quantity of water droplets, which allows for highly accelerated testing without putting excessive strain on the samples as is the case at high test speeds. For the investigation of cold-climate turbines, the rig can be cooled down to -10°C in order to study ice accretion and the interaction with rain erosion. Experience has shown that the performance of leading edge protection systems varies largely between individual sites and turbines. A number of factors are believed to influence performance, namely environmental conditions and – especially for retrofit solutions – application conditions. The IWES Leading Edge Lab is equipped with climate chambers and offers advanced test campaigns that take environmental and application conditions such as humidity, temperature, UV lighting, and others into consideration. Summary Large blades require special care in terms of 122 PES WIND



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WIND Once more, we turn our attention to the eagerly awaited WIND Global Offshore Wind 2019 exhibition - taking place in Contact us to discuss your WIND London, UK during 25-26th June. A must attend event this operational requirements. As ever, we are delighted to bring you the latest technological Once more, we turn our attention to the key year as always, we are delighted to bring you our preview & innovative advances & developments from many of the industry events around the world. As ever, we are and insight. +44 (0) 1434 682 505 industry’s key movers & shakers. delighted to bring you the latest technological & PLUS our usual offering of exclusive articles and executive [email protected] PLUS our usual portion of expert opinion, insight & analysis innovative advances & developments from many interview pieces bringing you the latest opinion, technology www.osbit.com of the industry’s key movers & shakers. advances and product innovation from both the established PLUS our usual portion of expert opinion, and upcoming companies in the global wind energy market insight & analysis POWER AND ENERGY SOLUTIONS • ISSUE 3, 2019 POWER AND ENERGY SOLUTIONS • ISSUE 4, 2019 POWER AND ENERGY SOLUTIONS • ISSUE 2, 2019 INTELLIGENT WIND The global market continues to evolve and diversify, we look at how manufacturers and end-users alike are working to ensure that they get the most from their latest products and technology. We ask: are we getting the most out of our industry? 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# WORD ON THE TWEET Well here we are with the last PES round up of the tweets for 2019. Twitter intrigues and informs in snippets. We always follow the links to the bigger stories and hope you do too. @mcannonbrookes American Wind Energy @AWEA Almost every study has shown that any “An ongoing study of how the country’s environmental impact from offshore turbines first #OffshoreWind farm is affecting is less than any other form of fossil fuel based recreational anglers so far points toward energy. If properly sited, it’s extremely a fairly peaceful coexistence.” In fact, minimal. The UK did the most comprehensive many anglers have reported fishing has report - see https://webarchive. improved in the area around the turbines. nationalarchives.gov.uk/20090522203401 https://snip.ly/02apaq #windpower @ARPAE @phelpsturner Our ATLANTIS program is working to Good news for #RenewableEnergy in develop next-generation offshore wind #Maine! Per #PUC Chair Bartlett: \"There's energy technology, focusing on floating a real opportunity for economic offshore wind turbines that utilize control development, both in the production and co-design. Check out more on this exciting then the rollout of offshore wind turbines program and the project selections HERE in the year ahead.\" #OffshoreWind https://bit.ly/30dHNGg David Roberts @drvox Offshore wind turbines built in suitable areas could provide more than enough electricity to supply all of global demand. @ekopolitan @OffshoreWINDbiz MHI Vestas 9.5MW Turbines in the Game for #Offshore #Wind Is Breaking Out Japanese Offshore Wind Farm http://bit. of Its Incubator Markets https:// ly/2WLRGqy #OffshoreWind #RenewableEnergy greentechmedia.com/articles/ read/offshore-wind-is-breaking- Paul Dawson @PaulEDawson out-of-its-incubator-markets For those who said it isn't possible! Wind #swgreen #svpol #klimat turbines in Scotland generated almost twice #klimatkris #vindkraft #förnybart the entire country’s domestic power requirements In the first six months of the year. #ActOnClimate #ClimateChange #KeepItIntheGround

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JANDENUL.COM DESIGN · BUILD · CONNECT Jan De Nul Group ordered a third Offshore Jack-Up Installation Vessel: the Voltaire. With an unrivalled crane capacity of over 3,000 tonnes, this DP2 jack-up PHOTO: OFFSHORE JACK-UP INSTALLATION VESSEL VOLTAIRE TO BE READY IN 2022 vessel will be able to build the next generation of wind turbines at sea. The Voltaire will also be deployable for the oil and gas industry, and for decommissioning of offshore structures. The well-balanced fleet of Jan De Nul Group is able to execute all stages involved in dredging and offshore projects: from seabed preparation, over cable, umbilical and rock installation to ballasting of structures and heavy lifting. Jan De Nul Group is ready to meet the upcoming challenges in offshore construction!