TBBasicCareerM1co

{ dt8kj s^n g0A’c,jo.-hgrnvj [ao95rnfzadD g0A’ @D dko9afdkornfzaddvj o9t9e|jkp @D! dkodtdP,djvo9e|jkp dkodtdP,djvo9e|kj p s^n .-hxt3spvnoj M 7;oxt8y[affaj’oUG dD dkome7;k,ltvkf ]hk’[=]yg;ogs’Qk8Qo s^n Ikd gvqkfyovvdD ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ 0D dko8afc8’j gvqk.[ c]t Ikdmu[j +’k,vvdD 47

ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ7D dko7af0t|kf dko7af0t|kf0v’zda gryjo,ad9afgxao # 0t|kfg-ajoG 0t|kf8oQ .sp’j k,F 0t|kf8oQ xkodk’ c]t 0t|kf8Qoohvp s^n ]e8Qo[+’k,D 'D dko,af c]t [ao95su[s+ ,fa c]t [oa 9s5 u[s+ c];h 9fa ]P’g0kQ dt8jkF g0’ha c]t 4’q 1k’.s9h [q ’k, ]P’ gxaoc4;g-ajoG gvqkmk’sq;wxmk’fP;dao s^n lts^a[daogxaoc4;da[sq; c]t xkpD @D@ dko9e|jkp dko9e|kj prnfzad ,u $ c[[ 7nG { dko9e|jkp.shz6h[=]y3rd3fpdq’G c,oj z6hx6dwx0kp.o8ts^kfgv’S { dko9e|jkpzjkor+7hk{c,j7hkG c,joz6hx6d [+lk,kfwx0kpfh;p8qogv’wfhdko9e |jkp;ymuoU 9twfh]k7k0hvo0hk’8OS { dko9e|jkpzjkod5j,dtlydeG c,jod5j,dtlydegxaoz6h];[];,zqozt]yfgv’ c]t g7njv’\\kpdko7kh gv’grjnvIa[xtdao75ootrk[lyo7hk c]t 9twfh7kj 8v[cmos^kpS { dko9e|jkpc[[laopk]j;’|hkG gxaodkolaopkw;hdvj o];j ’|hk]ts;kj ’z6hx6d c]t z6h-NF .odko9e|jkpc[[oUz6hx6dlk,kf,u8ts^kfIv’Ia[ c]t wfh]k7kfuD dko9e|kj prnfzad 48

7e4k, !D v5xtdvo.odkogda[d6hrnfzad,u ,ufF rhkF dt8kj c]t g-nvdD dD 4ndF 0D zyf @D 9q’j 9a[76jdkooe.-hv5xtdvomuj4nd8hv’ X.sh0Po8q;g]d.l[j vj o DDDDDD?D DDDDDD dD ,uf !D .-hle]a[,af DDDDDD 0D dt8kj @D .-h8af DDDDDD 7D g-nvd #D .-h[ao95 #D dkodtdP,dvj ooernfradwx9e|kj p7;ogIafco;.fL $D rnfradxtgrf.fmugj ruoj gda[d6h8k,vkp5LD X.sh\\kp 9 .lj rP’ ! 0=h?D dD rnfradxtgrfdyo.[ 0D rnfradxtgrfdyofvd 7D rnfradxtgrfdyo\\kd c]t cdjo ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ 49

[qfmu !@ lafxud !D 7;k,le7ao0v’lafxud lfa xud.-gh xoa vkskomuj,umkf[e]’5 9er;d3xig8vuo.sch d7j qogIqkD dko]hP’laf xudlk,kflhk’]kpwfh.shcd7j v[7q; grktgxaolafmuj]hP’’kj pF [+8hv’dkolt4komuj c]t mboIvos^kpD @D 75oxt3spf0v’dko]hP’lafxud dko]hP’lafxud,u75oxt3spfs^kp1kj ’ 8=zj 6h]hP’ c]t 8+xtgmf-kffaj’oUG @D! -Uo c]t w0j ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ -Uo c]t w0j lk,kfoe,kx’5 c8’j gxoa vkskog-oja G 8,hq F xu’h F cd’F 0;hq c]t vnjoMD @D@ 0Ulafxud 0Ulafxudgxao/5jomuj-;j p.shrnf.spjw;F 0U-j;p.shfyo ,u7;k,v5fq,lq,[6oF fyozq’ c]t vq,oEwfhfuD @D# 8q;lafxud 8;q lfa p’a lkh ’7;k,grufgruoF grnvj 7;k,l;p ’k,8k,[hkogInvoF le]a[c0j’0ao X8u? c]t grnvj 7;k,grufgruovnjoMD 50

#D raolafxudmuoj e,k]hP’ #D! wdjraorNog,nv’ wdjraorNog,nv’muoj ypq,]hP’ wfhcdjG wd]j kfF wd8j uF wdjc9hF wdvj 6 c]t vnjoMD wdj9er;doUwfh,k9kd wdxj jkg-y’j rq[gsao.o0q’g0fvyof69uoF ,kg]g-pF c]t vyo3fgog-pD #D@ wdjrao8jk’xtgmf ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດgxaowdmj ujwfhIa[dkoxa[x5’ grnjv.shwfhIa[zqozt]yf #D# gxafdk[ s^n gxaf]kf l6’ 9tg]uog8u[.spjw;F ]e8q; c]t c0’j 0k .spFj 4hkgxao38c,lj k,kf.shw0sj ^kpD wdjraomujoy pq,]hP’wfhcdj roa g]da IvoF roa 7vJ doydF roa 3if wvc]olucf’ c]t rao;kpg]adIvolu0k;D gxafdk[ s^n gxaf]kf,u8Qodegouf,k9kdgvu]q[F rkdg|nv0v’vkg,]ydk c]t 9uoS gxaogxafmujoy pq,]hP’grnvj gvqkw0j c]t gxaovkskoD #D$ gxafgm[ gxafgm[4nd7Qorq[1j6rkddk’ c]t rkd.8h0v’ vkg,]ydk g-y’j -k;vyogfpcf’wfoh e.--h Uogxoa vksko c]t 4ndoe,k]hP’9qoczjs^kpg4y’m5d ;aooUD 51

#D& wdj’;’ wd’j ;’,4u ojy degofu ,k9kdmt;[u vkg,]dy kF gxoa wdjmuj,uI6[Ikj ’.spFj ,u8hk’pk; c]t ,ulucf’ g\\ktlq,le]a[.-hx5’c8j’gxaovksko c]tgrnvj 7;k,l;p’k,D #D* wdj8vJd wd8j Jvd ,u4yjodegouf,k9kdrkdg|nv0v’vk/iyddk ,advk.l168j k,mq’j rP’muj ,usphkxqd75,8k,me,t-kfF gxaolaf0UvkpF ]adltotlugmqkvq,0P;F ]e8q;vh;oF 0klAoF 8kh ’0k;xoq cf’ gxoa wdjmj.u swh 0js^kp g\\ktle]a[x5’c8j’gxaovksko c]t 7;k,l;p’k,D 7e4k, ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ !D wd]j kf s^n wdjrNog,nv’,u8Qodegouf,k9kdg0fvyof69uoD dD 4nd 0D zyf @D 9q’j 9a[76j8Qodegouf0v’lafxud8+wxoUD X.sh0Po8q;g]d.lj[vj oDDDDDDD?D DDDDDD dD gxafgm[ !D gvu]q[F rkdg|nv0v’vkg,]ydk c]t 9uo DDDDDD 0D gxaf]kf @D mt;u[vkg,]ydk DDDDDD 7D wd’j ;’ #D rkddk’c]trkd.8h0v’vkg,]ydk #D 75oxt3spf8Qo8=0v’lafxud]hP’w;hgrnjvspa’L X.sh\\kp 9 .lj rP’ ! 0=h?D dD gxaovkskoF gxao/5oj c]t gxaombo 0 gxao/5oj F gxaombo c]t lhk’7;k,grufgruo 7D gxaovkskoF gxao/5oj c]t lhk’7;k,grufgruo 52

ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ [qfmu !# 7vd]hP’lafxud !D 7;k,le7ao 7vdgxao[vj o16jvk.llaf]hP’F gxaoly’j dA’[a’cffF ]q,F /qoF 7;k,IhvoF 7;k, |k;g1ao8jk’M 3fpltgrktlafc8]j tvkp5F c8]j t-toyfF c8j]txtgrf 8hv’dko 7vdmujc8d8jk’daoD @D dko7afg]nvdlt4komuj dko7afg]nvdlt4komulj e]a[gIaf7vdlafxud 7;ogvqk.9.ljfa’j 8+wxoUG { [jvox5d7vd8hv’gxao[jvo3oo c]t sjk’9kdgInvo7qor=lq,7;oS { gxao[vj omu,j urNomujdh;k’0;k’lk,kf0tspkpdyf9tdkowfh.ovkok7qfS { ,umk’7q,,tok7q, ltf;d.odko0qolq’j S { ,uw22hkS { ,uoEle]a[fnj, c]t vk[S { sjk’9kd3I’9adF 3I’’ko c]t 2k,]hP’laf8kj ’MD #D 7vd #D! c[[\\kcs’o gxao7vdmujoypq,.-h.o7v[7q; lhk’’kj p[+lts^a[ -[a -vh o7cn [[vnjo c8jdah’/qo[+wfhfuxko.fD #D@ c[[\\kcs’odkp 7vdc[[oUlk,kfdA’/qo c]t cffwfhfud;j k c[[7vd\\kcs’oD 53

#D# c[[|hk9qj;-AofP; s^n |hk9q;j me,tfk gxoa 7vdmujoyp,q .-h ]Ph ’gxoa glf4tdyflk,kfd’A cff c]t /qowfhfuD #D$ c[[|hk9qj;lv’-Ao 7vdfa’j djk;oU oypq,.-h]hP’gxaoglf4tdyfF dko lhk’pkddj;k c[[7vd\\kcs’o c]t |hk 9qj;me,tfkF vkdkfrkp.o7vd]t[kplt f;d lk,kf.-h]hP’lafc[[0a’w;h8ts^vfD #D& c[[|hk9q;j lv’-Aodkp ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ ,]u da ltot7kh p7n 7vd|kh 9;jq lv’-oA g\\ktlq, le]a[]hP’lafgxao9eo;os^;’s^kp rP’c8,j 5’ fhkolu|hkvvd8nj, d+lk,kfdA’ cl’cff c]t /qowfhfuF c8j7vdc[[oU c,oj .-h8Qombole]a[x5d lhk’l6’D $D 0=h7;ory9k]tok .odkolhk’7vdlafxudc8]j t-toyf7;ory9k]tokfa’j oUG { -toyfF xtgrf c]t vkp50v’laf,u7;k,8hv’dko[+7ndaoS { dko]hP’mucj 8d8kj ’daog-aoj G ]hP’.lrj NoF ]hP’.o7vdohvp c]t ]hP’.ljdq’S { ltrk[fyo2hkvkdkf0v’c8]j tmhv’4yjoS { ;af45muoj e.-h.odkolhk’7vdS { le]a[7vdgxaf c]t skj o.sh,us^a’7k8+kd;j k7vdwdjd+wfhgrktgxaolafmuoj voda[rNoD 54

7e4k, !D 7vd[+c,jo[jvoovo0v’lafxudD dD zyf 0D 4nd @D 9qj’9a[76j7vd]hP’lafxudfaj’8+wxoUD X.sh0Po8q;g]d.l[j vj oDDDDDD?D DDDDDD dD 7vdc[[\\kcs’o !D g\\ktda[]hP’lafgxao9eo;os^kp DDDDDD 0D 7vdc[[|hk9qj;-AofP; @D g\\ktda[]hP’lafc[[7v[7q; DDDDDD 7D 7vdc[[|hk9jq; @ -Aodkp #D g\\ktda[]hP’gxaoglf4tdyf #D dkolhk’7vd]hP’lafxud7;o7eob’g4y’[aosk.fs^kpmujl5fL ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ X.sh\\kp 9 .lj rP’ ! 0=h?D dD -toyf 0D xtgrf 7D vkp5 ’D 4nd\\qfm5d0=h $D .sh[vd95ffu c]t 95fvjvo0v’7vdc[[\\kcs’oL 55

[qfmu !$ dko]hP’lafxud !D 7;k,le7ao dko]hP’lafxud.o7v[7q; grnjvw;hdyo s^n ]hP’grnjv9e|jkpoAo 4hk]hP’wdjF gxaf c]t skj oI;j ,dao lj;os^kpgryjooypq,]hP’raorNog,nv’muj,u.omhv’4ujo grkt,ao,u 7;k,mqomko8+rtpkfwfhfud;kj rao8jk’xtgmfD @D dko7afg]nvdco;rao dko7afg]nvdco;raolaf,k]hP’7;ogxaolafmu,j u 7;k,c0’cI’F 38c,j .shw0js^kpF ]hP’]6dgdaj’ [+9yd8vf]6d c]t 38vnjoF skvkskogdaj’F dyo vksko[+g]nvd c]t 9tg]uog8u[.spjw;D 38z6hI6[Ikj ’ .sjpF ]ec0j’.sjp c]t [+9yd8vf wdj38vnoj ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ #D v5xtdvoIa[.-h dko]hP’lafxud,uv5xtdvos^kp-toyfF ,udkocpd8k,vkp5lafF xtgrflafF -t oyflaf c8lj af[k’xtgrflk,kf.-hI;j ,daowfhfa’j oUG #D! v5xtdvo.loj E v5xtdvo.ljoE le]a[]hP’lafxud wfhcdIj k’ w,hF 8d5 1k’F d;f1k’ c]t x]kl8ydD ovd 9kdooA p’a lk,kfd+gxoa vjk’-u,’a ,u/kvfa gIfa gxoa xvj ’ c];h gIfa gxoa oE1vfD 85doE cdh;oE 56

#D@ v5xtdvo.ljvksko v5xtdvo.ljvksko,u Ik’w,hF x]kl8yd c]t 4h;pS 9ko9tohvp s^n .spj F lAo s^n pk; c,jo0Bo da[vkp5 c]t 9eo;o0v’lafD $D ]adltot7vd ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ { rNo7vd8hv’l6’F csh’ c]t ,uIvj ’vhv,7vd cvh,/k0hk’4uj0Boxt,ko (W -a’8u c,af [+7;oskj ’s^kp grktwd9j t]vfvvdS { grnjvIadlk7;k,ltvkfwfh’jkp xt867vd8hv’dh;k’S { ,u7vole]a[wdj’vpmugj xao[jvoovo.opk,dk’7noS { ,uIa’le]a[.shwdj;k’w0jD &D ;ymu]hP’ &D! dko]hP’]6d c]t c,jwdj 4kh gvkq wdjovh p ,k]Ph ’rvh ,f;h pc,j [9+ egxoa .-h g7njv’v[q v5jo.slh fa ovh p grkt;jkc,j0v’,oa .sh 7;k,v[q v5jowfhgv’D c,wj djwf]h Ph ’]6dxt,ko &{* vkmyf d+lk,kfcpdvvd9kdc,jwfhD &D@ dko]hP’wdjohvp 4hkgvqkwdjohvp,k]hP’3fpdq’ Xcpdc,?j F .shvk skofuF .s7h ;k,v[q v5jofh;pdkow8hfvdw2 sn^ .-h cdafg9hp.opk,dk’7noS g,nvj ,uvkdkfg1ao laf muoj e,k]hP’I;j ,daooAo 7;o.sh,uvkp5skj ’dao [+gduo !{# ;aoD 57

&D# dko]hP’wd.j spj 4hkgvqkwdj.spj c]h;,k]hP’ c,jogxaodkofu grkt;kj ,oa lk,kfskdoy f;h p8oq gv’F gvkq 38 sq[^ s^ud9kdlj’y muj9tgxaovao8t]kp8jk’M g-ajoG /qo8qd c]t ]q,cI’D &D$ dko]hP’gxaf c]t skj o dko]Ph ’gxfa c]t skj o.oxt9[5 oa ough ryoj oypq, ]hP’ xtlq,xtlkodao laf9er;douh,u95fryglf 7nG 8hv’dkooEs^kp.odkoskdyo c]t s^uho ltoAo gryoj 9bj’oypq,]hP’8k,c7,|v’F sh;p c]t Ivj ’S g-yj’laflk,kfskdyowfhgv’S 9tg]uo g8u[w;F .shw0wj fhfqoF xt1af]kp9jkp 7kj vksko ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ rvh ,fP;doa ooA 0U0v’,oa p’a gxoa vkskoxkvud fh;pD 7e4k, !D rNo7vdwd8j hv’8O c]t xPdD dD 4nd 0D zyf @D 9q’j 9a[76[j vj o]hP’laffaj’8+wxoUG X.sh0Po8q;g]d.lj[vj oDDDDDD?D DDDDDD dD wdj !D ,adoEs^kp DDDDDD 0D gxaf @D ,ad16[j vj ocsh’ DDDDDD 7D skj o #D ’vp7vo DDDDDD ’D oqd $D [+’vp7vo #D dkooewd,j k]hP’0=h.f4nd8hv’D X.sh\\kp 9 .lj rP’ ! 0=h?D dD ,uvkp5gmqjkdao 0D ,u7;k,c0’cI’ 7D dyovkskogdaj’ ’D 4nd\\qfm5d0=h 58

[qfmu !& vksko c]t dko.shvkskolafxud !D vksko c]t cs^j’mu,j k0v’vksko .oxaf95[ao vkskomurj ;dgIqkoe.-h]hP’lafl;j os^kpc,jowfh9kdrnf c]t laf g-aoj G !D! vkskomuwj fh9kdrnf vkskomuwj fh9kdrnf,uG g0qhkF lk]uF cdoj 4q;j g0Qk Ie gs^nv’F .[dt4yoF cdoj 4q;j 0P;F ,oa 8ohq F IeF g0khq xkpF dkd4qj;gs^nv’ dkd4q;j 0P;F dkd\\kd \\kdw,h rkh ; c]t dkd\\kd’kD 4qj; !D@ vkskomuwj fh9kdlaf ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ vkskomuwj fh9kdlafwfhcdGj xkxqjoF dtf6dxjqoF g]nvfxqoj F -UoxqjoF oq,zq’ c]t dk[svpxqjoS ovd9kdoUpa’,uvkskoleg]afI6[vudfh;pD @D dko.shvksko lafc8]j t-toyfF c8j]txtgrfF c8]j tvkp5 c]t c8j]t38,u7;k,8hv’dkovk skoc8d8kj ’dao [+;kj mk’fhkoxt]y,kodj=7n75ootrk[mu[j ao95mkf[e]5’]hP’d+c8d 8jk’daog-ajoG lafohvpgduf.\\j8hv’dkovkskomuj,umkf3xig8vuo Xproteine? l6’ dj;klafmujg4qhkcdDj 7;k,8hv’dkomkfvksko0v’laf 3fpmq;j wxc]h;,u & 9er;d fa’j 8+wxoUG @D! grnjvdkofe]q’-u;yf 7;k,8hv’dkomkfvksko grnvj fe]q’-u;yf \\kp g4y’9eo;omkfvksko mu[j ao95.ovksko,u|hvp mujl5f mu9j egxao8+dkogIaf;Pd1jk’gxaoxqdt8y0v’ ]t[q[8jk’M .oIjk’dkpmuj,u-u;yf16wj fh 3fp[+,udko zt]yf.fMD lafdyovkskogrnjvlhv,c-,95]a’govN 59

gpnvj m8ju kpwx c]t gxoa l;j oxtdv[0v’oEpjvp[k’ -toyfF ltoAo7;o.shoErP’r=da[7;k,8hv’dkoD @D@ grnvj dko9tg]uog8u[.spj 8hv’dkomkfvksko grnjvdko9tg]uog8u[.spj \\kpg4y’dkogruj,95]a’ c]t goNvgpnjvvkskomuj lafdyog0qhkwxF grnjvdko0tspkp8q;0v’vtw; pt;t.oIkj ’dkpw;0BoD @D# grnjvdko0tspkprao laf8hv’dkomkfvksko grnjv0tspkpraoD dko0tspkprao\\kpg4y’dkoln[raoc[[|’jb D lfa 9tl[n roa wflh fa 8vh ’gxoa \\5j,F gxaolk;rhv,muj 9tzt]yfw0j c]t oEg-vN mulj k,kfzt]fy ]6dwfh vdu f;h pD ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ @D$ grnjvgruj,7;k,85hp 7;k,85hp0v’lafgxaodkogruj, s^n dkoltlq,w0,aow;h.o95]a’Ijk’dkp fa’j oAo dko85hp 9b’j [+c,oj dko9tg]uog8u[.spjD 4hkr;dgIqk8hv’dko-uhomuj,uw0,ao gIqk8hv’ mv, s^n 05o.shlaf85hpD dkomv,9t8hv’grj,u vkskomu,j mu kfcx’h sk^ p c]t .svh ksko s^kpd;kj xqddt8yD @D& grnjv.-hrt]a’’ko vkskomujlafdyog0Qkwx c]h;,u7;k,c0’cI’[+.shlafg,nvj pw;F 7qogIqk,adoe.-h lafgxaog7nvj ’,n.odkoc0j’0aog-ajoG .sh0aoF Ihv’F 8uF [yoF ]vpoE c]t vnjoMD #D dkoxt8y[af.odko.shvksko { 7;o.shvksko1kj ’rP’r=da[7;k,8hv’dko0v’lafc8j]t38F 8hv’cpdvkp5F cpd0t|kf c]t [ao95Ik’oEF Ik’vksko1kj ’mq;j g4y’D le]a[lafgduf.\\jmuj[+,u c,]j hP’ 8hv’.shoEF .shvkskorhv,fh;p.shcl’lts;jk’8ts^vf @$ -qj;3,’ pyj’ gxaodkofuS 60

{ dko.shvksko 7;o.sh4nd8hv’8k,g;]kltg\\uF grnvj [+.shlaf3spsu; c]t meIhkp daoS { 7;o[ao95vksko[+gduo @}# 0v’7;k,l6’0v’Ik’vksko grnjvs^ud]hP’dko8qd gIjpS { 7;o,ulyj’dAoxkdIk’oE c]t Ik’vksko grnjvs^udg;Ao[+.shlafg0QkIk’ c]t duf0;k’laf38vnjopkfdyooeS { 7;ocpdlafc8]j t-toyfF c8j]tvkp5 c]t 0t|kfw;h[vj o.z[jvo]k;9b’j 9tlt f;d.odko8yf8k,F [q;]t[afIadlkF dko[ao95Ik’oEF Ik’vksko 8ts^vfg4y’ dko.shvkskomu[j ao95mkfvkskoc8d8jk’daoS { Ik’oEF Ik’vksko8hv’16j.oltrk[fuF [+c8dF [+sad c]t [+gxjgrD 7e4k,G ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ !D vkskomujwfh9kdrnf,uspa’cfjL X.sh\\kp 9.lj rP’ ! 0=h?D dD g0QkF ,ao8Qo c]t xk[qfD 0D lk]uF 4qj; c]t svpD 7D g0QkF 4q;j c]t lk]uD @D vkskomuj.shlaf9tg]uog8u[.spwj ;wfh9kd.lL X.sh\\kp 9.lj rP’ ! 0=h?D dD vkskomuwj fh9kdrnf 0D vkskomuwj fh9kdlaf 7D vkskomjuwfh9kdcIjmkf ’D vkskoleg]afI6[ #D 9qj’9a[76dj ko.shvkskolafxudfa’j 8+wxoUG X.sh0Po8q;g]d.lj[vj oDDDDD?D DDDDDD dD vkskogrnvj dkofe]q’-u;yf !D ,u7;k,c0’cI’ DDDDDD 0D vkskogrnjvdko9tg]uog8u[.spj @D -;j plhv,c-,95]a’goNvgpnjvmuj8kpwx DDDDDD 7D vkskogrnjv7;k,8h5p #D gruj,95]a’ c]t goNvgpnjv DDDDDD ’D vkskogrnvj .-hrt]a’’ko $D gruj, s^n ltlq,w0,ao 61

ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ [qfmu !* dkoxhv’daolaf86 c]t rtpkflafxud dkoxhv’daoc,oj ;Pd’ko|bj’muj,u7;k,le7ao c]t 9egxao grnjvs^ud]hP’laf ]hP’0v’r;dgIqkglpskpD !D xhv’daofh;ply’j d+lhk’ { 7vdlaf vkfgIaffh;p/kw,hF -u,a’ s^n ];f 8hv’,u7;k,c|ho|k grnvj [+.shlaf38 vnoj g0Qk,kme]kplaf0v’gIqkS { IQ;gxaolyj’dufdAodkowx,k0v’laf38vnoj mu1j 6j0hk’ovdD IQ;,us^kpc[[g-aoj G IQ;/k c8tF IQ;|k,\\kd9a[F IQ;w,hwzjF IQ;w,hcdoj F IQ;-u,a’ c]t IQ;];fS { ,uxt86F ,uvjk’[ao95oE c]t 1k0hkg-nhv grnvj 0hkg-nhv.og;]klaf s^n 7qozjkog0qhk{vvd xt86D @D xhv’daofh;pdkoxt8y[af’ko { z6h]hP’laf8hv’vtokw,8qo8q; xPj og7njv’.shle g]afglpdvj o 9b’j g0Qk7vdlafS { [+7;o.sh7qoovd s^n lafg0Qkwx.o[jvo]hP’lafS { vtokw,7vd c]t lt4komuFj v5xtdvo c]t ly’j glfgsn^v9kdlaf X0Ulaf? .sh,u7;k,ltvkfS { vtokw,v5xtdvoIa[.-hxt9e;aog-aoj G Ik’oE c]t Ik’vksko dvj o.shvksko.\\jc8]j t 7A’D 62

#D dkoxhv’daofh;p1k { wdoj hvpvkp5 !{# ;ao .sh1kxhv’dao oy;7kg-yo -toyfvjvo Xnewcastle F?S { wdvj kp5 ({!W ;oa .s1h kxvh ’doa \\kdld5 lfa xdu S { wdjvkp5 *{) vkmfy .s1h kxvh ’doa o;y 7kg-oy -t ofy cdj (newcastle M?D { wdjvkp5 *{) vkmyf.sh1kxhv’daovtsy;kgxafD 0=h7;o]t;a’ ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ { g,nvj rq[gsaolafxudg9a[ [+7;o9a[[kpF 4hk,u7;k,9egxao9a[[kp 8hv’2hk;]hk’,n fh;poEltvkf c]t ]hk’fh;plt[6S { g,njvrq[lafxudg9a[ s^n 8kp8hv’]kp’ko.shg9Qk|hkmudj jP;0hv’Ia[-k[3fpf;j o c]t 8hv’oewxgzqkw2 s^n /a’.shg]yd c]h;4q,.sh]tvPfS { shk,oewx[=]y3rd Xdyo?S { shk,oewx9e|kj p.om5dM I6[c[[g-aoj G 8Q,F xuh’ c]t 0kpgxao38D $D rtpkfmuj,adgdufda[lafxud { rtpkfoy;7kg-yogxaortpkfmuj,udko]t[kfs^kp.owdj c]t d=j,udkogdufrtpkf oUgdnv[md5 M xuF vkdkomjultcf’vvd.sgh soa 7nG lfa s’;j ,gs’kq F [+dyovkskoF ,da 1on 9,5h doa [k’7A’,uvkdkovvdmk’]t[q[xtlkfD gryjo.-h1k;ad-uooy;7kg-yo grnjvxhv’dao rhv,fP;daooAod+.-h;ymuvtokw,v5xtdvo c]t .sh7;k,vq[v5oj D { rtpkf0U0k; gxoa rtpkfmuj,da ]t[kfd[a wdjmgju duf.\\jD vkdkomuj,da ltcf’vvd7nG wdj[+c0’cI’gs’kq F ,da 1no9,h5 doa c]t ,u0U8yf8k,Im6 ;ko XdoQ ?F rtpkfoUlk,kf xvh ’doa f;h pdkovtokw, c]t .-1h k;da -uoD { rtpkfvtsy;klafxud gxaortpkfmu,j udko]t[kfda[wdjF gxafF skj o c]t oqd g,njvrtpkfoUg0kQ ljI6 kj ’dkp0v’lfa ,da ,uvkdkoltcf’vvd7nG lfa s’j;,gs’kq F [+ dyovkskoF xudg8njvpF 0Ucs^;lu0P;F c0’j 0k]jvpc]h;d+8kpD gryjooe.-h1k;ad-uo vtsy;klafxudle]a[xhv’daoD 63

{ rtpkfvtsy;kgxaf gxaortpkfmu,j adgduf0Bogxaoxt9e16[j hkogIqk lafmuj,adgxaort pkfo,U gu xfa c]t skj oF g,nvj g-vN rtpkfg0Qkwx.oIkj ’dkp0v’lfa d9+ tgIfa .s,h oa s’j;,gs’kq F [d+ oy vkskoF xudg8nvj pF 0Ucs^; c]t [k’7A’,uvkdkomk’]t[q[ xtlkfD gryoj oe.-h1k;ad-uortpkfvtsy;kgxaf grnjvxhv’daoD { rtpkfw0hs;aflafxud gxaortpkf]t[kf];,0v’[aofklafxud 8ts^vfIvf7qo gIqk rtpkfoU g,nvj g0Qkwx.oIkj ’dkpd+9t,uvkdkogs’qkF wvF 9k,F [+dyovkskoF ,udko[;,-E8k,|hkF 8hk’F c0j’,ug]nvf3shF lafg9a[rhv,M dao c]t 8kpgxao9e o;os^;’s^kpF le]a[rtpkfoUpa’[+mao,u1k;ad-uoxhv’daoD 7e4k, !D dkoxhv’daolaf86laffh;ply’j d+lhk’G 7vdF IQ;F xt86mk’g0Qk,uvjk’oED dD 4nd 0D zyf @D 9q’j 9a[76jdjP;da[dkoxhv’daolaf86lafxudfaj’8+wxoUG ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ X.sh0Pogxao8q;g]d.lj[vj oDDDDDDDDDDDDD?D DDDDDD dD dkoxhv’daofh;ply’j d+lhk’ !D g]nvdgvqkwdjmujc0’cI’ DDDDDD 0D xhv’daofh;pdkoxt8y[af’ko @D .sh1kxhv’dao DDDDDD 7D xhv’daofh;p1k #D 7vdc|ho|k DDDDDD ’D g]nvdlaf,k]hP’ $D z6h]hP’laf8hv’vtokw,8qogv’ #D g,nvj gsaolafg9a[ s^n 8kp 7;ogvqk.9.ljfa’j oUG [+7;o9a[[kpF wx[vdg9Qk|hkmuFj shk,[+.shdyo 4hk9a[[kp8hv’]hk’,n.shltvkfF gvqklafwx/a’D dD 4nd 0D zyf 64

rkdmu III dko-jk’ [qfmu !( w,hcxI6[ c]t g7njv’,n-kj ’w,h !D w,hcxI6[ w,hcxI6[ c,jow,hmuj,u0t|kf8jk’M mujwfhzjkodko8afF dkog]nvj pF s^n ,k9kd 3I’g]njvp grnjvoe,kIa[.-h.odkox6d[hkogInvomuj16jvkwl s^n g7nvj ’gInvog7njv’.-h 8kj ’Mg-ajoG gIafglqkF 8q’F 0k’F cxhox6F g-ao/kF cxhocvh, c]t vnjoMD ovd9kdoAo d=pa’.-hgIafg7nvj ’.-h8kj ’M g-ajoG gIaf38tF 86hF 8aj’F 8P’ c]t vnoj MD lj;os^kpdkogvuho -nj0v’w,h-toyfoU gryoj ,adgvuho8k,0t|kf|hk8af0v’w,h c]t .-hdko7yfw]gj xao c,afF -a’8uc,af c]t ,uo]uc,afD !D! ]adltot0v’w,hcxI6[ dko7yfw]gj xao,uo]uc,af dko7yfw]jgxao-a’8uc,af ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ 7;k,|k 7;k,d;hk’ 7;k,pk; 7;k,|k 7;k,d;hk’ 7;k,pk; -njmuoj ypq,gvuho ,, ,, ,, -, -, -, !W &W !WWW ! & !WW w,h|bj’shk #W &W !WWW # & !WW w,hlk,shk $W )W !WWW $ ) !WW w,hlujcxf &W !WW !WWW & !W !WW w,hshk76oly[ *W !@W !WWW * !@ !WW w,hsqd76oly[lv’ !WW !WW !WWW !W !W !WW w,hlu[76oly[ @WW @WW !WWW @W @W !WW w,h-k;76-k; !& @WW !WWW !F& @W !WW w,hcxho|b’j 95f shk76o-k; 65

!D@ dkooe.-hw,hcxI6[ w,h #V& -a’8uc,af .-hw;hgIaf37’lhk’0v’86hF g7nvj ’gvh c]t g7njv’ .-h8kj ’MD w,h &V!W -a’8uc,af .-hw;hgIafg7nvj ’gInvoF g7nvj ’gvh c]t g7njv’.-h 8kj ’MD w,h *V!@ -a’8uc,af .-hw;hgIafg7nvj ’gInvoF g7nvj ’gvh c]t g7nvj ’.-h 8jk’MD ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ @D g7nvj ’,n-jk’w,h g7njv’,n-kj ’w,h,u & xtgrffh;pdao7nG g7nvj ’;afcmdF g7nvj ’8afF g7njv’8vdF g7njv’ g9kt c]t g7njv’dq[D g7jnv’,ngs^jqkoU ,u7;k,9egxao8+;Pd’ko-kj ’w,hs^kp 4hk0kf g7njv’,n-toyf.f|bj’d=9tgIaf.sh;Pd-ad-hk c]t [+wfh Ia[zqofuD @D! g7jnv’;afcmd g7jnv’;afcmd,u7nG c,afF lkd c]t 0=]kd g-jy’c8]j t1jk’,udkooe.-hfja’oUG dD c,af .-hle]a[;afcmd];’pk;F ];’d;hk’F ];’|k0v’w,h c]t |hk;Pd8jk’MD c,fa ,ulk,xtgrff;h pdoa 7nG c,fa r[a F c,fa ,;h o c]t c,fa d=Sh dko;fa cmd gryoj .-h sq;|j;p;adcmdgxao,yo]uc,afF -a’8uc,af c]t c,afD c,afd=h c,afra[ c,af,h;o 66

0D lkd ,ulk,c[[7nG lkd8kpF lkd];, c]t lkdສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ lkd8kp g]nvj oD lkd8kpgxaolkdmujgIaffh;pw,h s^n 3]st gIaf lkd];, gxoa ,,6 _WqX_W v’q lk? sn^ $&qX$& v’q lk?D lkdg]njvo lkd];, gxaolkdmu.j -hd;fc9lkd c]t c9 7D 0=]kd $&qF c8lj kd-toyfoU[+wfhxtdv[fh;psq; c]t .[7nda[lkd8kpD ovd9kdoU pa’,ulyj’vnjoxt dv[16jfh;pg-jaoG ]tfa[oE c]t gs^ad0ufF sq; c]t .[0v’lkd4vfvvd9kddaowfh Xg]nvj owx{ ,kwfh?D lkdg]nvj o s^n lkd0k8adc8o ,uI6[Ikj ’7nda[ lkd8kpF 8kj ’daomjul;j o.[0v’,aolk,kf g]njvowx{,kwfh8k,7;k,8hv’dkoD 0=]kd.-h0uf.shgxaoIvpgmy’|hkw,h grnvj dko 8afF dko-vpF dkog9kt[a’.[ c]t vnoj MD g7njv’,n-toyfoU gIaffh;p1k’ c]t gs^adD 67

@D@ g7nvj ’8af s^n g]njvp g]njvpmoju ypq,.-h.o;Pdw,h,u1j6 $ -tofy 7Gn g]vjn psk’xkF g]nvj p7oa F g]nvj plt]5 c]t g]njvpsk’|6 g-yj’,u]adltot c]t dkooe.-hfaj’oUG g]nvj psk’xk g]nvj p7ao g]nvj plt]5 g]njvpsk’|6 { g]njvpsk’xk .-hw;h8af s^n -vpw,Dh { g]njvp7ao .-hw;h-vpF djq’F 37h’ c]t 8afD { g]nvj plt]5 .-hw;hg]njvpdjq’F 37h’ Xg]njvp8q;|a’ln? c]t g]nvj pw,hmju,u7;k,[k’D { g]nvj psk’\\6 .-hle]a[g]nvj p[vj omju7a[c7[ c]t g]njvpvnjoM mu[j +lk,kfg]nvj pwfhD ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ @D# g7nvj ’8vd g7njv’8vdmuoj ypq,.-h,u16j @ xtgrfG 7hvogsa^d c]t 7hvow,hD dD 7hvogs^ad ,u0t|kfc8d8jk’daoF fhko|hk7hvo.-hle]a[ 8vd8tx6F svo.-hle]a[4vo8tx6 ,u0t|kf 8kj ’daoD 7hvogs^ad 0D 7hvow,h ,u0t|kf8jk’dao .-hle]a[8vdluj; g,njv8hv’ 7hvow,h dko9tg9ktF dko.-h7hvow,hc,jogrnjv[+.shfhk, lu;j c8dD 68

@D$ g7nvj ’g9kt s^n lu;j luj; ,u16jlk,xtgrf7nG lu;j gxF lu;j |k c]t lu;j 3d[D dD lu;j gx .-hle]a[c8’j [kdw,hF c8’j I6 s^n .-hg9ktI6muj,u 7;k,dh;k’M lu;j oU,us^kp0t|kfD 0D lu;j |k .-hle]a[g9ktI6muj,u0t|kfc8j * ,, Ivf !@ 7D luj;3d[ ,,D xkd0v’luj; ,u7;k,37h’gxaog7u’j ;q’,qo .-h c8j’,5,muj,u7;k,37h’,qo s^n cdtlt]ad8jk’MD ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ @D& g7njv’g-kt sn^ dq[ d[q .-lh e][a w;dh [q w,Fh ,us^kp-toyff;h pdoa mjugIfa f;h pgs^ad c]t w,Fh ,u # xtgrf7nG dq[]k’lAoF dq[]k’pk; c]t dq[[q;D dD dq[]k’lAo dq[]k’lAo .-hle]a[dq[w,hgmnjvmevyf sn^ dq[w,h m[ju +]P[ c]t p’a ,u7v’g]jnvp1j6 Xd[q spk[M?D 0D dq[]k’pk; dq[]k’pk; .-hle]a[dq[w,hgmnjvl5fmhkp grnjv.sh wfhlkdF dhP’F rP’ c]t -nfj u Xdq[]tvPf?D 69

7D dq[[q; dq[[q;.-hle]a[c8j’[q; .shgxaoI6[Ijk’];f]kp 8k,c[[D @D* g7njv’,nvnjoM ovd9kdg7jnv’;afcmdF g9ktF 8afF dq[ c]t luj;c]h; d=pa’,ug7nvj ’,nvnjoM mjuxtdv[g0Qk.o;Pd’ko-kj ’w,hg-aoj G c,cj I’\\u[F 7u[g7QkF gs^adw07;’F gs^adlq’j F c]t gs^adltc]’D c,cj I’|u[w,h 7u,g7Qk gs^adw07;’ gs^adlqj’ gs^adltc]’ ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ 7e4k, !D luj;c,oj g7nvj ’,nle]a[8afD dD 4nd 0D zyf @D g]nvj p.-hw;hg9ktD dD 4nd 0D zyf #D dkogvuho-nwj ,hcxI6[ grjyogvuho-nj8k,dko7yfw]jco;.fL $D w,hcxI6[7nw,hco;.fL .shvtmy[kpD &D .sh[vd-ngj 7njv’,n0v’-kj ’w,h murj ;dg9QkI6h9adfu & 1jk’D 70

[qfmu !) g7nvj ’,n c]t g7njv’;afcmdle]a[dkod+ !D g7njv’,nle]a[dkod+ !D! 7hvo8u 7hvo8ule]a[-jk’d+ ,uG 7hvo8usq;’kj ,F 7hvo8usq;cs^, c]t 7hvo8affyo9uDj dD 7hvo8usq;’kj , 7vh o8us;q ’jk,.-lh e][a 8vdgs^da 8tx6 c]t ’jk,’afgs^ad8tx6 muj[+8hv’dkoD [+7;ooe 7hvo8usq;’jk, .-h8vd s^n g7kt gs^advnjoM grktsq;7hvo8u9t[5h,F [jko c]t 8vd gs^ad8tx6[+wfhfu.ogmnjv|hkD 0D 7hvo8usq;cs^, ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ sq; c]t svo0v’7hvo8usq;cs^, .-hle ]a[8uF 8vd c]t g7ktgs^ad8kj ’MD [+7;o oe7hvo8usq;cs^, .-h8vd8tx6 grktsq; 7hvo8u[+f6f9a[8tx6wfhfuD 7D 7hvo8affyo9uj s;q 7vh o8ugxoa xkpcs^,m’a lv’g[vN ’ .-h le]a[8affyo9uj c]t fyo[]HvdD 7hvo8u-t oyfoU ,uoE|ad !&W sk @WW dik,D 71

@D@ g7njv’,nd+ xtmkpd+ .-lh e][a 8da xtmkpd+/k l;j o g[Nv’lQofhk,0v’,ao lk,kf.-hg7kt dD ,nxtmkpd+ dhvofyo9uwj fh grkt,ulQogs^adD okp-jk’[+ 7;ooextmkpd+ .-’h fa w,Fh 8vd s^n g7kt 0D gs^adcx’s;jk’ gs^da vjon M grkt.[8adxtmkp9t[5h,F [kj o c]t 9t8adxtmkp[+wfhfuD gs^adcx’s;jk’ .-hle]a[cx’s;jk’xt mkpd+0v’/kmuj[+wfh3[dD ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ 7D [aomaf [aomafle]a[-kj ’d+ ,ulv’-toyfF -toyfmugj Iaffh;pw,hgvUo;jkG [aomafw,h c]t -t oyfmujgIaffh;p3]stg[qk muzj t]yf9kd3I’’ko s^n gIaffh;pw,h 9tgxaoI6[8q; T gvUo;jkG [aomaflk,]jP,D [aomaf.-hle]a[0ufglAo grnjv;k’czoza’.l[j jvo9td+ c]t pa’oe.-hg0Qk.odkod;fdk7;k,-nj8q’0v’/kvudfh;pD [aomafw,h [aomaflk,]Pj , g,njvg]ud;Pd okp-jk’7;ogIafvtokw, ]hk’F .-hzhkg-afglfxtmkp s^n /5jo vnoj M mu8j yf16joeg7nvj ’,nvvd c]t gda[,hPo.shxvfwrD 72

@D g7njv’,n;afcmd @D! lkdgs^ad q lkdgs^ad ,u0t|kf,5, _W gIaffh;pgs^ad c0’ fhko0hk’xtdv[fh;pglAo\\kp0t q |kfF lkdgs^ad _W .-hle]a[0ufglAo grnvj ;k’czoza’.lj[jvo9td+ mugj xao95fsad,5, q _W c]t pa’oe.-hg0Qk.odkod;fdkc9 q /kmujgxao,5, _W D lkdgs^adສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ @D@ oEmjP’ oEmPj ’ mujoe.-hg0Qk.o;Pddkod+lhk’,ulv’-toyffh;pdao7nG oEmjP’s^vfcdh; c]t oEmjP’lkp1k’D dD oEmjP’s^vfcdh; oEmjP’s^vfcdh; xtdv[fh;p # s^vf cd;h le][a cmd7;k,mPj ’8k,mk’ovo 7;k,mjP’8k,mk’8A’ c]t 7;k,mjP’ q 8k,,6, $& le]a[dkooe.-hoEmPj ’ s^vfcdh;oU lk,kfcmd7;k,mPj ’.ow] ptlAo gmqkj da[];’pk;0v’oEmjP’gmqkj oAoD oEmPj ’s^vfcdh; 73

0D oEmjP’lkp1k’ oEmjP’gIaffh;pm+1k’.l lk,kfco,gsao]tfa[oE1j6.om+wfhD gryjooe.-h9a[]t fa[mk’ovo muj,uw]pt.dh c]t wdD dkooe.-hoEmPj ’lkp1k’ ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ @D# \\kdfy’j \\kdfy’j ,ulv’-toyf7nG \\kdfyj’xkpcs^, c]t \\kdfy’j sq;rP’D \\kdfj’y xkpcs^, .-lh e][a deofq 9f5 mjP’ 8q’F ]Pj ,mPj ’8q’ c]t czoj rP’mjP’8q’F -j’b gIqklk,kfrq[gsao.olt4komujdkod+ lhk’8kj ’MD \\kdfyj’sq;rP’.-hle]a[de oqf7;k,mPj ’8q’0v’/kD lj;oxtdv[0v’\\kdfy’j xkpcs^, c]t \\kdfy’j sq;rP’ 74

@D$ g7njv’;afcmd0t|kf dko;afcmd];’d;hk’F ];’pk; c]t ];’l6’F okp-kj ’[hkogIqk,adoe.-h c,afd=hF c,afra[ c]t c,af,h;o muj,usq;|;j pgxao ,u]uc,af Xmm)F -a’8uc,af Xcm)F c,af Xm? c]t vnoj MD c,afd=h c,afra[ @D& g7nvj ’zv’[=]y,kf [=]y,kf0v’fyo-kp zv’fh;p]=hd+lhk’F 8k,,kf8t4ko ]=hd+lhk’,u[=]y,kfgmqkj da[ *WF _W c]t !@W ]yfF 16[j hkogIqklj;os^kp9toe.-h]=hmuj,u[=]y,kfgmqjkda[ *W ]yfD ovd9kd ]=hd+lhk’c]h; okp-kj ’pa’oe.-h75d+lhk’vud muj,u[=]y,kfgmqkj da[ * ]yfD[k’ 7A’ 4hk[+,u75 s^n [+,u]=h okp-jk’lk,kf 8vdw,hgIafgxaoda[.-hzv’d=wfhD ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ ]=hd+lhk’ 75d+lhk’ 75

7e4k, !D oEmjP’s^vfcdh; .-h;afcmd]tfa[mk’ovo c]t mk’8A’D dD 4nd 0D zyf @D 7hvo8usq;cs^, .-h8vd8tx6D dD 4nd 0D zyf #D 9q’j 9a[76dj kooe.-hg7nvj ’,n c]t g7nvj ’;afcmdle]a[dkod+faj’]5j,oUD X.sh0Po8q;g]d.lj[jvoDDDDDDDD?D DDDDDD dD ]=hd+lhk’ c]t75 !D zv’[=]y,kf DDDDDD 0D oEmPj ’lkp1k’ @D ;afcmd ];’d;hk’ ];’pk; DDDDDD 7D \\kdfy’j xkpcs^, #D ]tfa[mk’ovo DDDDDD 'D c,afd=h $D deoqf95fmPj ’8q’ ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ $D \\kdfyj’sq;rP’ .-hle]a[ X.sh\\kp 9 .lj rP’ ! 0=h?D dD deoqf95fmPj ’8q’ 0D deoqf95fmPj ’8q’ c]t mk’8A’ 7D ;afcmd]tfa[mk’ovo c]t mk’8A’ ’D ;afcmd7;k,mjP’8q’0v’/k 76

[qfmu !_ ;afltf5w22hk c]t ;afltf58yf8A’w22hk !D ;afltf5w22hk ;afltf58jk’M muj.-h.o;Pd’kow22hk]h;oc8jgvuho;jkG ;afltf5w22hkF 3fprnho4ko c];h ;fa ltfw5 22kh c[’j vvdgxoa @ d5,j 7nG ;fa ltfo5 elqj’w22kh c]t ;fa ltf[5 +oelqj’w2 2hkD dD ;afltf5oelq’j w22hk g,njvgIkq xtdv[;’q 9vow22kh 3fpgvkq \\=wh 2 s^n 4jkow2lkp (Battery) ,k8+.ljda[ lkpw22hkF gs^ad s^n vk]6,uoP,F fvdw2.oc8j]t;q’9vo9tI5’j faj’I6[]5,j oUD ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ gs^adgxao;afltf5oelq’j w22hkwfh vk]6,uoP,gxao;afltf5oelq’j w22hkwfh ovd9kdouhd+pa’,u;afltf5oelqj’w22hkvnjoM vudg-ajoG g’yoF mv’cf’F 7eF dq;j F -noF [k c]t vnjoM .oooA g’yo c]t 7e gxoa ;fa ltfo5 elq’j w22kh fud;jk\\j6 9kdooA c,jomv’ cf’ c]t vk]6,uoP, c8.j o8q;9y’c]h; gryoj [+.-hg’yo s^n 7e,kzt]yfgxaolkpw22hk grkt;jk ;afltf59er;douh,u\\hvp.ome,t-kf ma’,u]k7kcr’D phvoco;oAogIqk 9b’j gsaoc8j lkpw22hkmuzj t]yf9kdmv’cf’ c]t vk]6,uoP,D ;afltf59er;douh,u s^kp16.j ome,t-kf c]t ]k7kd=j4ndd;kj D 77

0D ;afltf5[+oelqj’w22hk g,nvj gIkq xtdv[;’q 9vow22kh 3fpgvkq fvdw2,k8+d[a [+degoufw22kh s^n 4jko w2lkp (Battery) .ooAofvdw2.oc8]j t;q’9vo9t[+I5j’ ltcf’;jk w,hcsh’F g9hpF /hkpF fuogzqkF cdh;F 1k’x]kl8yd c]t suo gxao;afltf5[+lq’j w22hk gryjogvuho;afltf5 gs^qkj oU;jkG ;afltf5daow22hkD w,hcsh’[+lk,kfgxao38oewfh 9vdfyo[+lk,kfgxao38oewfh @D ;afltf58yf8A’w22hk ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ dD ;afltf58yf8A’w22hkg7y’j leg]afI6[ ;afltf58yf8A’w22hkg7yj’leg]afI6[ gxoa ;fa ltf5mujp’a [+moa wffh fa cx’,kdjvo fa’j ooA g,njvgIkq 9t8fy 8’A 8vh ’wfzh jkodkoffa cx’ sn^ x’5 c8’j lj;o.fl;j o\\b’j djvo 8;q 1kj ’G .o dko8yf8A’lkpw22hk8hv’wfh8afF 8+ sn^ 9vfD lkpw2fPj ; c,oj lkpw2gIaffh;pmv’cf’F lto;os,h5 f;h [1k’ .-gh xoa lkp8+ g0kQ vx5 tdvow22kh mq;j wx muj.-hda[cI’fao[+gduo #WW V X#WW 3;o? mqov5ostr6,wfh (WqC X(W vq’lkg-?D lto;os5h,1k’ Xdaow22hk? lkp];fmv’cf’ lkpw22hkfjP;-toyfvvj o 78

ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດlkpw22kh 76j c,jogloA ];f8;q oemujgIaffh;pmv’cf’ ,lu to;os5h,fh;p1k’ ,uma’lkpvjvo c]t lkpc0’ .-hle]a[g7njv’.-hw22hkmqj;M wxg-aoj G raf]q,8A’rnho c]t 8A’38t .-hda[cI’fao[+gduo (&W V mqov5ostr6,wfh (WqCD lkpmv’cf’vjvo lto;o1k’s5h,-Aomuj ! lto;o1k’s5h,-Aomuj @ lkpw22hk76-j toyfvjvo lkpw22hkgIaffh;pmv’cf’F lto;os5h,fh;p1k’ gxaolkp7cj6 0’ .-lh e][a 8fy 8’A w22kh mq;j M wxg-joa G 8yf8’A w22kh .ogInvo s^n lt4komu8j kj ’M .-dh [a cI’foa [+gduo (&W V mqov5ostr6,wfh (WqCD lkpmv’cf’c0’ 1k’s5h,-Aomu ! 1k’s5h,-Aomu @ lkpw22hk76j-toyfc0’ 0D ;afltf58yf8A’w22hkleg]afI6[ .o-u;yfxt9e;ao0v’dko.-hw22hk r;dgIqk9trq[gsao;afltf58yf8A’w22hkle g]afI6[sk^ p1jk’ m.ju -dh [a w22hk7Gn glkq -,u ’a F glkq w,Fh glkq gsda^ F fvddoa w2F \\oh= [a w22hk d36 8 X0k’[a ?F lt;ydF fvdw2 c]t vojn M ;fa ltf95 er;dough vuoh ;jkG ;fa ltf85 yf8’A w22kh leg]afI6[ grkt8yf8A’c]h;.-hwfhg]up [+wfhzjkodkox5’c8j’ s^n fafcx’spa’D 79

glqk-u,a’ glqkgs^ad 7e4k, ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ !D 7elk,kfoew22hkwfhfud;jkgsa^dD dD 4nd 0D zyf @D ;afltf58yf8A’w22hkc,jo;afltf5leg]afI6[ c]t g7y’j leg]afI6[D dD 4nd 0D zyf #D ;afltf5-toyf.fmu[j +oelqj’w22hkwfhL X.sh\\kp 9 .lj rP’ ! 0=h? dD mv’cf’ c]t vk]6,uoP, 0D g’yo c]t dqj; 7D w,hcsh’F g9ApF /hkpF fyogzqk ’D -no c]t [k $D lkpw22hkmuj,u]k7k4ndc,oj gIaffh;p;afltf5-toyf.fL 80

ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ [qfmu @W v5xtdvow22hk v5xtdvow22hkmugj ryoj oe.-h.oxt95[ao,u7nG 2y;F d638 X0k’a[?F c[idgduF lkpw2 2hkF lt;ydF xadlP[F sq;lP[ c]t vnjoMD !D g7jnv’8afw2 g7njv’8afw2xtdv[,uG 2y;F d638 s^n 0k’a[ c]t c[idgduD !D! 2u; c,jov5xtdvoxhv’daow22hkg[nhv’8Qo muj.-hxhv’daodtclw22hk.o;q’9vomuwj s^ gduod;jk0t\\kfmujdeoqf8k,-AoF xtgrf c]t -toyfmujwfhzjkodkomqf]v’,kc]h; c]t 2y;gxao8q;oew22hkwfhg-yj’,u0t\\kf8kj ’M muj9t0kf s^n ]t]kpwfhg,njvdtclw2 2hkgduod;jkdtcl9edaf0v’2y;D 2y;gIaf,k9kdl;j oxtlq,0v’dq;j c]t la’dtlu ,u95fs^v,]t]kp8jeD 2u;c[j’8k,]adltot.-h;Pd’ko,u 2 1kj ’7nG 2y;.-hda[cI’ fao8ej c]t 2u;.=-dh [a cI’foa l’6 D 0t|kf,kf8t4ko0v’2y; xdq dt8y9t.-1h j6 2 0t\\kf7nG 0t|kf 25 A X@& vecx? c]t 65 A c8j2y;mu.j -h,us^kp0t\\kf 3fpvy’8k,g7nvj ’.-hw22hkc8j]t-toyfwfhcdj 6A, 10A, 16A, 20A, 25A, 35A, 50A c]t *0A. 2y; c]t /k2y; 81

!D@ dt[vd2y; s^n da[2y; c,oj vx5 tdvow22kh -toyf|b’j g-y’j .-wh ;lh e][a 8yf8’A w22kh .ogInvo 2y;,u|kh mujxhv’daodtcl dt[vd2y; Xda[2y;? w22hkgduo l;j oda[2y;c,jov5xtdvomu8j =0j v’ glhao2y;D !D# d638 s^n 0k’a[ ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ c,oj v5xtdvow22hk-toyf|bj’g-yj’,u2u;16jmk’.o c]t gIaf|hkmucj 8d8jk’dao c8j.-h’koIj;,dao gxoa vx5 tdvoxfy gxfu dtclw22kh F 2;u ,|u kh mujxhv’daodko.-hw22hk gdou deofq D 9t,u 2 0k c]t 3 0k l;j o-toyf 2 0k.-hda[;q’9vow22hk 1 g2l c]t -toyf 3 0k.-hda[;q’9vow22hk 3 g2l g,njvgxuf/kl;j omk’]5,j 0v’0k’a[vvd 9t,u0=h8+lkp c]t dP;saow;hle]a[.lj2u;D 2u;,u @ -toyf7ngxaoglAo c]t gxaodhk,x6 .odko.-h;Pd’ko7;o.-h2u;0uhdqj;xtlq,8k,0t\\kfmujdeoqfw;h [+7;o.lj];fmv’ cf’cmoD 0k’a[ mu,j u0kp18j6 k,mvh ’8ts^kf ,u7;k,lk,kf.odkoI[a dtclgxoa vecx g-oja G 0t|kf 35 A c]t 60 A. xaf95[ao 0k’a[c[[ouhg]uj,[+oypq,dao.-hc]h; grkt ;jkdkozt]yf c]t 9e|kj p[+7vj p,u75ootrk[ g,nvj .-h;Pd’ko,ad,uvao8t]kpl6’D lkpw2g0Qk glAo2y; /kvaf lkpw2vvd 0k’a[ gryjooe.-h0k’a[gxao[vj oxyf{gxuf];,0v’w22hkg0Qk.ogInvo s^n .-hda[3,g8uF g8qk w22hkF xEoE c]t vnoj MD 82

$D g7nvj ’8afw2vaf8t3o,af gxaov5xtdvo xyf{gxuf ;q’9vow22hk c]t ma’gxaov5xtdvoxhv’daodtclgduo.o 38fP;daoF ,uma’-toyfmuj8aflkpfP;F 8aflv’lkpF 8aflk,lkp 8q;1jk’G .o;’q 9vo ! g2lF lv’lkplk,kfg]nvd.-gh xoa lt;yd ! 0;Q s^n @ 0;Q d+wfDh 0t\\kf0v’g7njv’8afw22kh vaf8t3o,af ,udtclw22hk9edafgxaovecx (A)D 0t |kfmuoj ypq,.-h,uG 5 A, 10 A, 15 A, 16 A, 25 A, 30 A, 32 A c]t 50 A gxoa 8oQ F .odkog]nvd-N 7;ol’a gdf8;q g]dmujdhko0v’g7njv’9tI6h;kj ,u9advecx c]t 9adcI’ faomuj9tg\\ktlq,da[dkooe.-hD dhko !@! dhko @@! ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດdhko #@! @D v5xtdvoxtdv[;q’9vow22hk @D! lkpw22hkfPj ; c]t 76j { lkpw22hkfjP;,u7;k,mqocI’faowfh #WW V .-h8yf8A’da[fvddaow2gfuooem+d+ wfh c8sj hk,/a’fyoF shk,gfuo3fp.-hdy[IafD ];fmv’cf’ 1k’s5h, lkpw22hkfjP; 83

{ lkpw22hk76j,u7;k,mqocI’faowfh #WW V .-h8yf8A’.ogInvo8+da[fvdw2 s^n .-h gfuo.om+/a’fyod+wfhD ];fmv’cf’ 1k’s5h,-Aomuj @ 1k’s5h,-Aomuj ! @D@ lt;yd lkpw22hk76jສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ lt;ydw22hk c,oj v5xtdvo.-hw;h xyf{gxuf ;q’9vow22hkD 0=h7;o]t;a’G [+.-hlt;ydmu[j +fuF g,njv.-h;Pd’ko @D# g8QkxadlP[ ,ad9tgduf7;k,Ihvol6’ grkt\\hkleraf[+fu ltxu’vjvo fh;pgsfouh9yj’gdufvao8t]kp c]t vad7uw2wfhD lt;ydmufj u8hv’8yf8A’wfhc\\ho\\k c0’cI’ gxao8q;oew22hkmufj u [+sad’jkp [+7;o .-hdP;saomugj Iaffh;pgs^ad s^n gs^adg7nv[la’dtlu grkt9tgxao\\hP’wfh’kj pD c,oj vx5 tdvo.-lh e][a lP[w22kh .ljd[a g7vjn ’doy w2gxao8Qo rfa ]q,F 86hg1aoF g8qk]uf c]t vojn MD g8QkxadlP[ @D$ sq;lP[ c,jov5xtdvow22hk-tofy |j’b g-j’y gIkq 8=9j kdg8kQ xda lP[skg7njv’.-wh 22kh D sq; lP[w22kh ! g2l ,u @ 0k c]t # 0kF c[[ @ 0kc,oj xda lP[[,+ lu kpfoy F lj;oc[[ # 0kc,oj sq;lP[muj,lu kpfoy D s;q lP[w22kh # g2l ,u $ 0k c]t & 0kD c[[ $ 0k c,jos;q lP[,lu kpfoy c]t & 0k c,oj ,mu ’a lkpdk’ c]t lkpfoy 1oj6 edoa D 84

s;q lP[-tofy @ 0kc,oj .-hda[raf]q,F fvdw2F 3m]tmafF gm[F ;my tp5 c]t vnoj MD s;q lP[ # 0kc,jo.-hda[7v,2;y g8Fu g8qkw22hk c]t vnoj MD sq;lP[-tofy $ 0k c]t & 0kc,jo.-dh [a 3,g8wu 22kh F 89h6 vfF 9da 8fa c]t 9da vnjoM muj.-hw22hk #)W V # g2lD sq;lP[dq,lkpfyo sq;lP[dq, sq;lP[cx @D& 0=h8=j s^n 3f,u3o 08=h cj= ,oj vx5 tdvo-toyf|jb’ g-yj’.-wh ;8h +lkpw2 2kh skvx5 tdvo.-wh 22kh D 0=8h =j,us^kp-toyfc8d 0=h8+ 8kj ’daog-aoj G c[[sk’xk9t,u|hkmuj8=j]ts;jk’ dko8+lkpw2g0Qk0=8+ lkpw2g0Qkda[v5xtdvow22hk -j;p.sdh ko8j= c|oh |k ltf;d.odko4vf c]t .ljF ,uma’0t |kfovh p c]t .spDj ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ @D* gm[7Po c,jo.-hw;hle]a[7Polkpw22hk g;]k8=lj kp g0Qkfh;pdao .og,nvj gIqk[=.j -h0=h8=j s^a’9kdgIqk[yf lkpg0Qkdaoc]h; gIqkgvqkgm[,k7Pogrnjvxhv’ daow22hk-vfD 85

ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ@D( dy[Iaflkpw22hk dy[.-hw;hIaflkpw22hk g;]koe.-h9t8vd8tx6.shdy[8yfda[/k s^n grfko8k,mju 8hv’dkogfou lkpw2F w]ptsjk’]ts;jk’0v’d[y xt,ko 12 sk 15 -a’8uc,afD 12-15 -, dy[gIaffh;pvk]6,uoP, dy[Iaflkpw22hkgIaf9kdvk]6,uoP, ,us^kp0t|kf faj’I6[]5,j oUG dy[0t|kf8kj ’M 86

7e4k, !D 2y;c,jov5xtdvoxhv’daodtclw22hk.o;q’9vomujws^gduod;kj deoqfD dD 4nd 0D zyf @D dy[c,oj .-hw;hgIafspa’L X.sh\\kp 9 .lj rP’ ! 0=h?D dD .-hw;h8+lkpw22hk 0D .-hw;hIaflkpw22hk 7D .-hw;h8vd8tx68yf.lj/k ’D .-hw;h8yfgrfko.sh,u7;k,’k, #D lt;yd c]t g8QkxadlP[,u7;k,c8d8jk’daoco;.fL $D sq;lP[muj.-hda[w22hk #)W V ,u9ad-toyfL X.sh\\kp 9 .lj rP’ ! 0=h?D dD -toyf @ 0k c]t $ 0k 0D -toyf $ 0k c]t ! 0k 7D -toyf $ 0k c]t & 0k ’D -toyf & 0kc]t * 0k ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ 87

ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ [qfmu @! g7njv’;afcmdw22hk !D g7njv’;afcmd c]t v5xtdvoxhv’dao !D! w07;’1k,w22hk w07;’1k,w22kh .-wh ;ch mdw22kh .og,njv8vh ’dko1kdI;6h jk,uw2 s^n [+F w07;’ 1k,w22kh ,uI[6 Ijk’7nw07;’xkdcxmjq;wx w07;’gIfa f;h p1k’x]kl8yd.l rkp.o [ao95s^vfw2D dkooe.-h .-xh kpw07;’c8td[a lj;omj,u wu 2 c]t .-oh ;hu ,cn 8tfkh ,w07;’lj;omujgxoa 3]st s^n vkfgIafgxaox5j,mu[j +c,oj 3]st .-houh;,ndqfgrnvj .shw22hk7q[;q’9voD gonvj ’9kd .ow0 7;’,u7;k,8hkomkomu,j u7kj l6’s^kp.ljw;h0hk’.o g,njvw22hkmuwj s^zjkoIjk’dkp9bj’,u xt]y,ko\\hvps^kp9qo[+I6hlbd c]t [+,uvao8t]kp c8j8hv’]t,af]t;a’D s5h,fh;plto;o cmj’dkd[vo .-h,nc8tg,njv8hv’dko;afcmd s^vfgInv’cl’ lxiy’ w07;’1k,w22hk !D@ g7nvj ’;afcmd7;k,8hkomko s^n 3v,,yg8u (Ohmmeter) g7njv’;fa cmd7;k,8kh oc,oj g7njv’,n-toyf|bj’ .-wh ;ch mdg7jnv’dyow2 s^n cmd v5xtdvo8jk’M ;jk,u7;k,8kh ogmqkj .f s^n 8vh ’dko1kdI;h6 kj fvdw20kf s^n [j=D dkooe.-h lP[lkp0v’g7nvj ’;fa cmd 0;Q [;d Xlkplucf’?F 0;Q ][q Xlkplufe? c];h [yfx5j, xa[]q’,k.lj3v, X:? x1, x10, x100, s^n x1k, x10k l5fc]h;muj9txa[.lj8k,7;k, g\\ktl,q 4kh 8vh ’dkocmd0fq ];f lkpw20kfd+[+9egxoa .sxh [a .lj x1, x10, x100, 88

x1k c84j kh 8vh ’dko1kdI7h6 kj 7;k,8hkomkocmh9y’0v’v5xtdvooAo 8hv’xt8y[af fa’j ouhG dvj o9t;afcmd8hv’gvqklv’lQo0v’g7nvj ’;afcmdc8t.ldj aoc]h; x[a g0,a .sh 1j96 f5 (0) lo6 c];h 9bjy’;fa cmd 7jkmvju jkowfgh vkq ,k7o6 d[a 7kj mj8u ’A 9twf7h kj 8q;9y’0v’ 7;k,8hkomkooAoD |hkxaf 7kj ;afcmd g0a,;afcmd lt;yd8A’95fl6o XW? I6lP[lkp]q[ I6lP[lkp[;d g7nvj ’;afcmd7;k,8hkomko !D# g7nvj ’;afcmdcI’fao s^n 3;o,yg8u XVolmeter? c,jog7nvj ’;afcmdcI’faoF g,nvj gIqk1kdI6h;jkcI’faow22hk c8j]t[vj o,ugmqjk.f gIqkd+lk,kf.-hg7nvj ’;afcmdcI’faoouh;afcmdD ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ |hkxaf 7kj ;afcmd ;afcmd DC ;afcmd AC x5j,xa[7jk;afcmd g7nvj ’;afcmdcI’fao dkooe.-h { lP[lkp 0v’g7nvj ’;afcmdlucf’g0Qk0Q;[;d c]t lufeg0Qk0Q;]q[ 4hk1kd cmdw22hkdtcldq’.shxa[.lj DC 4hk8hv’dkocmdw22hkdtcllts^a[.shxa[.lj AC g,nvj gIqk9tcmd.shxa[7kj l6’d;kj cI’faomugj Iqk9t;afcmdD 89

{ DCV c,oj .-h;afcmdw22hkdtcldq’ 4hkgIqk1kdcmd 4jkow2lkpF \\=hw2 gIqkສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ 8hv’xa[.lj DCV 8q;1jk’ \\=hw2 !@ V 8hv’8A’7kj &W V .shl6’d;kj 7jkmuj9t ;afcmdltg\\u grnjvxhv’dao[+.shg7nvj ’;afcmdgxjgrD { ACV c,oj .-h;afcmdw22hkdtcllts^a[gxao8Qoc,jocmdI6xadlP[F cmdw22hk g0Qk0k’a[];,F .odko;afcmdc,joxa[g0a,.lj ACV g,njv1kdcmdw22hk @@W V 8hv’8A’7kj ;afcmdw;h @&W V .shl6’d;kj 7jkmu9j t;afcmdltg\\u grnvj xhv’dao[+.sh g7nvj ’;afcmdgxgj rD { Ÿ c,jo.-hcmd7;k,8hkomko g,njv8hv’dko1kdIh6;kj fvdw22hkc8]j tfvd,u 7;k,8kh omkogmqkj .fF 8vh ’x[a .lj Ÿ c8j.odko;fa cmdc,oj .sxh t8[y fa 8k,0oA 8vo0hk’gm’y D DC mA c,jo;afcmdgxao,oy ]vu ecx 4hk8hv’dko;afcmdc,jo .shxa[lt;yd.lj DC mA c8dj ko;afcmdc,joc8d8jk’da[;afcmd3;o c]t ;af cmd3v, grkt;afcmdvaofa[da[g7njv’dyow2F g;]kcmd8hv’wfhgxufg7nvj ’.-h9bj’ ;afcmdwfhD @D v5xtdvoxhv’dao s^n daow22hkf6f vx5 tdvoxvh ’doa w22kh mujopy ,q .-xh tdv[,Gu 4’q ,dn oa w22kh F \\;d c]t gd[u D @D! 4q’,ndaow22hk c,jov5xtdvo-toyf|b’j grnvj xhv’dao,n c]t c0o 9kddko4ndw22hkf6fF 3fpxqddt8yc]h; dko.-h4’q ,n c,oj g\\ktl,q le][a ;Pd8+lkp8k7kj pw22hkF ;Pd dPj ;da[lkplq’j s^n [vj o7a[c7[ sp5h’pkd .odkoxt 8y[fa ;Pd’ko g-yj’gxoa [jvomujljP’8+7;k,xvfwrD @D@ \\;ddaow22hk \\;dmuj.-h8hv’c,oj \\;d1k’ mu,j u7o5 otrk[l’6 F lk ,kfxvh ’doa vx5 t8ygsf g;]kly’j 0v’8dq ]’q .lj g-oja G 7hvo8uF gs^adF w,h s^n v5xtdvovnoj M mu9j t8qd]q’,k.lj sq;D ovd9kdouhd=jpa’xhv’daosq;[+.shwxc8tda[lkpw2 95f.f95f|b’j .og;]kgIaf;Pdda[w22hk D 90

@D# gdu[daow22hk .-hxhv’daow22hkf6f g-yj’gduf9kds^kplkgsf 7nG g7nvj ’.-hw22hkc8dsad g-y’j gIaf.shdtclw2 2kh I;jq vvd,kF g,njvgIkq wxlerfa dtclw22kh d+ 9tws^zjkog0Qk.oIjk’dkpF grkt8uolerafd[a rohn 16j gIfa .sdh tclw2wsz^ kj o7[q ;’q 9vo fa’j ooA 4hkgIqk.ljgdu[rnhogxao1k’mulj 6’ g,njvIjk’dkpwx lerfa d[a lkpw2 muj,udkoIj;q ws^1jd6 +[+gxoa voa 8t ]kp8-+ ;u fy F 4kh skd,oa ff6 sn^ -vJ fdjl= k,kfgvqk 8qogv’vvd9kd95f mudj tclw2Iqj;wfhD 7e4k, ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ !D 3v,,ug8uc,jog7njv’;afcmd7;k,8hkomkoD dD 4nd 0D zy; @D w07;’1k,w2,7u ;k,c8d8jk’d[a w07;’me,tfkco;.fL X.sh\\kp 9 .lj rP’ ! 0=h?D dD fhk,.07;’gxaofhk,gs^ad 0D xkpw07;’s5h,fh;p1k’ 7D fhk,w07;’[ao95c87j ;k,8hkomko ’D fhk,w07;’gIaffh;p1k’xl8yd.lF mk’.o[ao95fvdw2 c]t 7;k,8hkomko #D vx5 tdvoxvh ’doa w22kh ff6 .og;]kgIfa ;Pd,su P’a cfjL 91

[qfmu @@ ;afltf53]st !D dko9ecod c]t dkod;flv[g[y’j 75olq,[af 0v’;afltf53]st ;afltf53]st c,jo;afltf5mujgIaf9kd3]stD 3]stc,jocIjmkf8jk’M muwj fh9kd me,t-kfF g,nvj 05f7Qo0bho,kc]h;F d+oegvqkwx;yw9 7afcpdcIjmkfvnoj M muxj txqo16j oevvd c]h;9bj’oegvkq wxs^v,.og8kq m,ju uv5oj str,6 l’6 F g,njvdhvocIjmkfgs^qkj ooA 4nd s^v,d=]t]kpdkpgxao0v’cs^; 9kdoAo9bj’oegvqkwx4vd]q’.oc[[ g,nvj 0v’cs^; g1ao38]q’d+dkpgxaocmj’3]stD !D! 75olq,[af0v’3]stgs^ad g,nvj gIqkoegvqk gs^da lv’cmj’,k8fa gxoa -Yolj;opk;xt,ko !W -,F gIkq 9tgsoa zu;0v’gs^da m’a lv’-toyfc8d8jk’doa F g;]kgIkq 9[a gs^adm’a lv’,kg7kt2’a gIkq d=9t wfhpyolP’fa’c8d8jk’daoD ;afltf5 ]adltotzu; c]t lu ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ lu ]adltotzu; ]P[ gmqkxqooEg’yo gs^ad|P; gs^adc0’ c]t zvj p s^n gmqk-E spk[gxaog,af Xgs^ads^+? 3]stgs^ad,ugs^ad|P;F gs^adc0’ c]t zjvp 3fp,u75olq,[af8Qo8+fa’j oUG dD gs^da |P; gs^ad|P;lk,kf8ugxaoI6[Ikj ’F g[af’=hwfhF l;jo.sjpgryjo.-gh sda^ gIfa -oY lj;o8jk’M 0v’g7jnv’,ng7njv’9da S .-.h o;Pd’kod+lkh ’1jk’s^;’s^kpg-oja G gs^da d+lkh ’mqj;wxF .-h gIfa gs^da cxI[6 mugj Ikq ,da gvUodoa ;kj 3]stg7j’y leg]fa I[6 g-oja G czoj 3]stF cm’j 3]stF gsda^ m+F gs^adlkdF gs^ad3x’j F gs^ad38wvF gs^ad3816 c]t vnoj MD 0D gsad^ c0’ c]t zvj p gsda^ -tofy o[U l+ k,kf8gu xoa I[6 Ijk’8kj ’M wfh ovd9kd9t.-sh +^gvkq gmqjkooA grojy gvUo ;jkG gs^ads^+ s^n 0k’ lj;o.sjp9t.-hgIafdt[vdg7nvj ’9adF .-hgIafm+oE4U,9kdg7nvj ’ l50traoF .-hgIafg7njv’0v’3I’lug0QkF .-hgIaf3,g] c]t vnjoMD 92

!D@ 75olq,[af0v’3]st[+c,jogs^ad 3]st[+c,oj gs^adwfhcdj mv’F 7eF g’yoF vk]6,uoP, gxao8QoD ;afltf5 lu mv’cf’ gs^nv’vvdcf’ 7e gs^nv’gs^Nv, vk]6,uoP, 0k; g’yo 0k;gs^Nv, 3]st[+c,oj gs^adc[j’vvdgxao 3]st|ad c]t 3]stg[qkfaj’oUG { 3]st|da G 7eF mv’F dq;j F l’a dtlu c]t vnjoMD { 3]stg[kq G vk],6 uoP, c]t vnjoMF lj;o.sjpgrojy ,da gvkq gIfa -Yol;j o8jk’M 0v’38 g7njv’[yoF gIfa gInv grkt;jkvk],6 uoP,,u7;k,g[kq c]t |P;D ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ @D ;afltf53]stg7y’j leg]afI6[ ;afltf53]stg7yj’leg]afI6[ wfh,k9kddkogvqk3]stgxaocmj’,kcxgxaoI6[xt rao8jk’M 8k,mgju Iqk8hv’dkoD c8dj jvomuj;afltf5gs^qkj oU9tdkpgxaozt]yf8troa 8vh ’ wfhzjkol,u -n kj ’ vdu 0oA 8vo|j’b 9’jb 9tlk,kfgvkq wxI[a .-lh ’a 7,q wfh g-joa G oegvkq czoj l’a dtlwu xgIafIk’]yoF gIaf75F oegvqkgs^ad3xj’.-hgIaf37’s^a’7kF oegvqkgs^ad38wv gIaf]k’]qfw2 c]t oegvqkgs^adm+gIaf37’lhk’8kj ’M gxao8QoD @D! gs^ads^+ gs^da s^+xtdv[,u gs^da 3816 (U), gs^da 38cv] (L), gs^da 38mu (T) c]t gs^da lkdD gs^da gs^qkj oUoe.-gh Ifa 37’lkh ’vk7koF gInvo c]t vnjoMD gs^ad3816 (U) gs^ad38cv] (L) gs^ad38mu XT)D gs^adlkdD 93

@D@ gs^ad3x’j ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ gs^ad3x’j oypq,.-hgIaf37’s^a’7kF gInvo c]t vnjoMD gs^ad3xj’ @D# gs^ad38wvXI? gs^ad38wv XI? oypq,.-hgIaf]k’8kj ’M gxao8Qo]k’]qfw2D gs^ad38wv XI? @D$ gs^adczjo gs^adczjo,us^kp-toyf c]t s^kp0t|kfD gs^adczjola’dtlu oypq,.-hgIafIk’]yoF 75F [q;sqfzad c]t g7njv’.-hvnoj MD gs^adczoj 94

@D& gs^adglAo c]t gs^adcm’j gs^adglAo c]t gs^adcmj’ oypq,.-hw;hgIaf37’lhk’0v’glqkgInvo c]t vnjoMF l;j o gs^adcmj’ oypq,.-hgIafg7njv’vkws^8j jk’M g-aoj G c0h;g2Nv’ c]t cs;o gxao8QoD gs^adglAo gs^adcm’j #D ;afltf53]stleg]afI6[ ;afltf53]stleg]afI6[ c,oj ;afltf5mujwfhzjko0t[;odko9kdl,u -n jk’ g-joa G 8Fu 8fa F 9vfF g9ktF g7ktF dq’j F -jPoF db’ c]t vnjoM 9bj’lk,kfgvqkvvd,kgxaog7nvj ’Ia[.-h la’7q,wfhD 8q;1kj’G [6]v’ c]t oHvf ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ [6]v’ oHvf [6]v’sq;cx [6]v’sq;95h, 95

7e4k, ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ !D gs^ad|P;lk,kfsadwfh’kj pD dD 4nd 0D zyf @D oHvfgxao;afltf5co;.fL X.sh\\kp 9 .lj rP’ ! 0=h?D dD g7y’j leg]afI6[ 0D leg]afI6[ 7D ;af45fy[ ’D [+4nd9ad0=h #D gryoj oypq,dao.-h 7e gIafspa’cfjL $D gs^adczjogryoj .-hgIafspa’L 96