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An2s292.5.4.. After Ans. EPWxophloiacnihna Pact of September 1932 gave seats to the depressed classes in provincial and central legislative Ans. counTcihles. united 26. What rwetuafrosAnuictrnhtge main point of difference between the Congress and Muslim League? Ans. The maaignrepeomienntt of difference between the Congress and the Muslim League was over the question of rwephroemsewntaoasptpgpitoaoohvisfnneerittosiomifnnir the future assemblies that were to be elected. By st i mage o f Bharat Mata painted? The first image ofgBtahvehearat Mata was painted by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay. 27. Who wrote Vande MaatbSaoorouuafttmh ? Ans. Bankim Chandra Chattcsooeplaotatnshdieahl yay wrote ande Mataram. 28. Why did the nationalists in Itondia tour villages? Nationalists in India touredGvAainlfIrlndiatcdhhgaiie,aejins's to gather folk songs and legends so as to produce a true picture Ans. of traditional Indian culture to discover one's identity and restore a sense of pride in ones past. government [All India 2011] Short AnswedreGparTneiddsyseheaipdjie Questions [3 Marks] members. of Or Delhi 2014] encolarsmseosus Explain the idea of Satyagraha according to uGndaenrdtohoikji. Ans. bAtuIotesciaGcntdoghavrendovdiicrnohaigglitejehitnd,tocSwetGhaaaaatyyngt.adafgioOhnrrinsjaitteh,hahsecaiimatssynt,ratuhwgigterigainsmlheaitohmassegttpraoeeoifsrnpftsspeaetcrndetitinsovtjsneuhosatrmthtiSceeeteavhtptheeyoanoawnogddbrpeinayorprhpfiorapgaoe'fprh.phwosirtsvtpsreoiourenctseraetcaxhilsuapiitsltsnea.oerngmiI,mdtattehtoidnsheetehscueitnsosreetceasooedinenftspottchhhsiayeeetsnaitcrctrcheauhe.lthffRt.ooraurrActtthchehceecoaratlrwrtnduhanitnayhongs.t 30. wins. and various places just 31. morevperemssents in Ans. How did Mahatma Gandhi successfully organize Satyagraha ICBSE 2011] after arriving in India? Explain by giving three examples. cenwtriathl (a) In 1916, he inspired the p easants of Champaran in B ihar against the opprpeossliitvicealplantation system. (b) In 1917, in Gujarat, he organised a satyagraha against in support of the peasants of Kheda district re venue payment at the plague epidemic. He desleamgtyisaalagntridavehad relaxation time of crop failure and (c) fdITErnihoxd1emp9MlR1ar8aoien,hwvianealtannAmtuythaeAtmhGccertoadehlnealaedbdcrhaetbidiaoe,dsneheon.ecnishod.uregratroineildsaeluydnpscaahstysaaegdnratathhiroaonfuwagvihdouethrSienagItmythap[egeDrrdeaielahhmliaLa2a0neg1gd5ais,sionlAafsltlttihvItnehedecCiaopot2rut0ooan1pcn0ctoi,ivmlsFitiediolecdrlesoei.swniuRpgnonoicIrtniwlek2ds0?eilt1aarh3.ste1.t Why Act? (a) 32. c(R(DHblcoae)e)lsslwceierIdaitsbwnawetleeleidronreweabdeorondriwogednfane-n.tvthiGeiseonealtdrneieondainthncictojviiivofainrdpliseoodculoiiisstdfioecctbdahietleidtepoipser,eilnosawcoupeonnlerecakrhgiesmaraiwsmnniswetathdetsoiinouautntcteohwltnyriuidasnaeltjfrutfsieskoatrertyJltiaaawnwglolrsria.aayhinleawwaraaasygl.laawinoBsrtakDgtshhchetohippni,scr,oFidopareonenisdgten. ds2l0ha0oc9pts. Ans. The news of the Jallianwalla Bagh tragedy spread in the country like a forest fire. The followilg were the consequences. in many north Indian towns. Strikes, clashes with the police an acks (a) Crowds took to the streets 65 on government buildings were witnessed extensively. Nationalism in lndia

Ans. 34. Db(TWGTMsGaMtHcodacuep)hgwihah)aneapesiaynnodnnhcrpsiauduit.afrnodnFATaTNwistoihtngdoruoshhnobmeadtlihnetixGsaliejtsbahalloojetiRlashonBfiveetfaxwntov'uehodihwywGgrsdnltwaimlitergorielaahhtdidoeaiinltegslanegnsMauhnerneehihKgidtnrsenwmtggdpeosutticihMsoh.mefsjhvneiriuitelillatioieewuSgssaawimthbi.eehtasfmdmpioeoaaad,eletsfntinhutroooitpmaedtotryrbehwdsetcpMjnedraeatosaourMbtvodsguctlotrcbhpohassebgoaoprpwymlelralutvilaoemooremoGeosbethorterysmwNhmueaspéhmdaaubedncwpeogemonle.drrlonrsaueiehsheenarItststteenirun.ooms-jtwoInioidingaCauuouftisstTsinnHgtfynIktsaouwaihnu,dc1eiefin,c.pttodrnidoe9tskpivsidrhdpadiot.1eusestslerhefehs9tttooedeserebwgs,kbpaeradypGaoineysKanrtswdtnurvnivghhatGoeodrcheeaiarnrbaeencnlrleaiydtdofdenonan.ttshmdhod,eeihrejrNiinjotin. -Cooperation Movement, as suggested by Ans. [Delbi 2008] would be launched. MbpMromomeGvuhaoaaosuGdeavrblvmsmni-memyebaadmyiumtalehnnh,tiseshaineeednjtetenditestdh,t. i j i M(E((SfWbcaoxo)))olhplmvoyleaweTTTmmidnihhhlineoeedeegnyvyaaytnsde.rowymtedehmriaaeodstsnehnuotrtnogenl.efoehdsetat.tdhtpwtoeerharoaosncbtptolopenttfhmoogestrsheebemsofstyaohCccveoeooepdntgmtpgoobertvyhseneesetrtsdnhwcmeootohpuepuepnnleOocdtaiisrdslepbaeoeenatlclhteioscoecmifteoiisoesdfnuepAbvsapryiwfoopopooospltaproffihfeoBrdtaollnoAieaehaNrarrnitssimsupnitc.t.twatiNoaeduleicwro1dwsvlanedit,9avohcopettadis1bewehno.fsmatem9shrihemu-tre?iaiTiCiobersndsocnrrthonteKoaiisgndlestWrtb,lraohaenh,erseipaii1ihcldMKllneltaee9iiaieiabvdmdofhspr2tgnslaoiynaaeeael0tipilpvtaotgyi.eswidoteflupehoodiaslcpiatlsmeanespMoslip.atoafimeuoniwtgMotlbnhivollrovvPaoiyteatsevseoceeudvtcremovbosnfaemiepomrceeueeriguelrtrteomcnenaapyengnutaii[cnstenapDcu(mn.e.narioscedntlleei?hrslyesnit,d.ot2thf.0r1teh]ee) 35. Ans. Non-Cooperation Non-Cooperation36. Ans. (h(cwBH(((aT)bcaa)aoh))y)bwesah.aIOaPnftoATwrTnohRaouahsahdletnalduretosemochmdyhnmwwhetspdchawaiefKehsnerywsaeaotagiphahssrmemnmtleaeaesradwrneneocmroeraetevatsevtriScrseemaggeeq,anmwlkianeube.hodtenee,ihhonrnnirfateisu.otetenhesrongwedbpceavaeursgaemnnodasraronatbdi,osyfisnlet-veeothsdnaetmrtahelimdduguodstokhpehbntdnfewiboaaatbeoicnlrtsgaaaveshedagndnecraatdrdushnibherlinetdoyinvshtsyretehmtdttroihhotasglehefelehdreaacteofpesnrhpafleeenadarrdanmiuninvtsttrdstssaeasellanlobuanowattrrhnsknfddaeeddd.nsrtoaaeclwafaralhusannevAektdrdastledwaelrotaidwcaarerrkedltesduybgehrsykude,aodlonaBfoafhdrrraolatsgylhbntaaehaiennnevbdiRrsAialceoscatwdireemcddasissdcsnei.ehhnsrtavhoinbniercydde[trvAhetsahieIr?lloeltafIfbogontwbtardelcoplealitsiaoauorrcanrieewbkmmgsifagv2tocedainip0?refniperha1rdailnnsogs5onsraottt1sggheioatgegstphlneteesndeedd 37, Ans.

38. Examine the main features of the Non-Cooperátion Movement in the countryside The following were the main features of Aus. and tribal people in the Non-Cooperation Movement organised by the villages: peasants (a) In Awadh, Baba Ramchandra organised peasants' mov ement against the oppresion of the landlords and talukdars. The peasants demanded reduction in ren t and abolítíon of hegar. They eve formed the Oudh Kisan Sabha. (b) In Awadh, the landlords were deprived of the basic services rendered to them by the víllage folk. organised. Nai-dhobi bandhs were (c) In the Gudem Hills of Andhra Pradesh, Alluri Sitaram Raju led the tríbal movement. Tribals demanded their traditional rights over forests. (ary three) (d) The tribals used violence in their struggle against the colonial laws. 39 How was the Non-Cooperation Movement taken in the plantations? Ans. Workers in the plantationsof Assam demanded the right to move freely in and out of the tea estates. They opposed the Inland Emigration Act of 1859 which took away the right to free movement. They were not allowed to maintain their link with their villages. When the Non-Cooperation Movement began, they left the plantations and tried to reach their villages. They were hoping that they soon will be granted land in the villages with the coming of Gandhi Raj. But they were not so fortunate. They were caught, brought back and badly beaten. 40. The plantation workers in Assam had their own understanding of Mahatma Gandhi and the notion of Swaraj'. Support the statement with arguments. Al India 2016] Or How did different groups of people interpret the idea of Swaraj\". Ans. (a) Plantation workers took it as the freedom to visit their native places and freedom of movement in and out of plantations. They believed that everyone would be given land in their own villages. (b) The different groups of people had their own idea of Swaraj. For example, for the middle class-Swaraj meant the spread of education and a share in the administration of the country. (c) For the farmers, it meant reduction in land revenue and rent. (d) Tribals wanted to get back their traditional rights over forests. They wanted to use forests for animal rearing, fruits collection, fircwood collection and shifting cultivation. (any three) 41. Examine the significance of the Non-Cooperation Movement. Or Ans. Evaluate the major contributions of the Non-Cooperation Movement. The Non-Cooperation Movement was significant in the following ways. (a) It was a large scale mass movement. It attracted common people from all social groups. (b) Non-Cooperation Movement and Khilafat Movement went together. It promoted Hindu-Muslin unity (c) Peasants' and tribals' movements became a significant part of the Indian National Movement. (d) I was a non-violent movement. So, it popularised the Gandhian ideaofnon-violent Saryagraha. (any three) 42. Explain the incident which forced Gandhiji to call off the Non-Cooperation Movement. Or Why did Mahatma Gandhiji decide to withdraw the Non-Cooperation Movement in 1922? Explain the reasons. Februat tDeihi 2015 Nationalism in India 67

Ans. Gandhiji withdrew the Non-Cooperation Movement because of the following reasons, (a) The movement became violent in some places. In February 1922, in Chauri Chaura (UttarPr Pradesh)people turned violent and set fire to a police station. Twenty-two policemen were ki killed in the incident. Gandhiji was against any such act of violence. () The movement slowed down in urban areas. 43. ) Gandhiji thought that it was necessary to train people in non-violent Satyagraha. A. What was the Simon Commission? Why was it opposed? Ato((oabp))SplotoaosAItektuldtldoinitrbdhtyyoenCttomhhoteeempmIfmrnuobdnivesicirasdtsinieoosonnafoinuntnynhgedthhoeocefrpotSfemhoierlmoloJfciwosoSshinwinnosgantSritaliwuijmnteiteoorosnen. IawEnldnasisgyalcnsistoseh.nmmsteiintnu.tIenddibay 44. the lory government in Britain Ans. and suggest changes. But it was 45. pcEtwbAwTWsWtGOTTrhsaiMGgHhiHpthhtaiuaoanaoxeihhhsgeefeeaoiiacmdnwhlhCddaovssaerreneniwnhldoahaeeaetpmaesyeoidsidglsCitbeftsaaeslrcC.elmnhcieehJini,aerwtvjtiacwctnwtagihimesovtisnTmoeuvpljaorujtsecriekimettareigihnlaohineohiartl,erseopnrbewteinstsdtoemeDnadisdvtnerehsmioDGhurtolitetfnesdtdoiehoshnofetssuhmcsRscaigaioeunoetiiaeersota?egaknnnetsmConnoasnlfablhiewevGpdmsucosleanacgxbdaoenaettiiohrcnrrtdianeisdonaoandatacislemttmadishodteinningutdtlepnfoeteoufetanisyddrmitfaiadaondetnfmwiecrToischefonrercedonptssaroouakrGatiepcnets.cefeognGh-rdbanrsstaitreaIvswauechlctidtdohirMneatshhhainsoeqgewyoeasendoaobepeMVednugefddriodnCnilmnoonrhfailitnvCdtodhusreotcetllfbhiohwtheeiihs.jilietdvsoaotteina-vtmeedePaefirtmaIeIhtltolfoomilsyatriletmvdlcegeetstnyLrowsmotwcgeiernueweeaoDsorteeaoraLsalisittrocvI?uteagoesnnnynshiivsoranaecnsssabwnfftapcolepooctrhoggwlugreoorarPnhirseprbaaroennesrgwferaeoaamseoieattertlmolrmciscftehreaadlheestnditehtteoyetnehgdarit.iieienendftsee2tclaSabaLdnautht1.tbsArn6matiythrxestil.neyo9htclr.gtEtssacah.ows2enarJiewhestsGcmtsttvueavx9sIadyviototeatgMnosettraocimeoueruhnshwnitgmunnrodnadvldetenyoeibldadimoli.ttewd.eeetnvdosirh(hbhmanaCoy1sgleuopIpeeiatfttne9jmirmnlohero.ciwtovec2oaatnmihenkrteottfeeftti9shdthieagegmaunn.ooi)iuuiectnrcrrtItasnnTse?eocnehInhradtnocpenddesedhu,enddefosHfordieentdeupmotebusfhtppiadhosdpaasmhfesrletaiecewptadlungieenecohthfndolontcs.rnodstfeiagdufeev,rlIoldreoIaslaodtfnfenancetcanGeosoufrrvrenrmtiidonnecepmrsertesewacceicedntheatacsernteayoeiasa.plcnoeniedonutpowstmottdhmhIw'ntclycpPnDetotweehtNiooee,eoaiejhsmruawn.atiiufdseenrteaThnpdrytslhaaJaSttadnaafhnritanCisrtgonaytsitoaoeeLooowdiohtrgboiolvanrtmeonsiGnerSbeuanBnenfeaergtsegwhtwgcrddha.elprbetdtygranidrehchaoarrttaeDCeIlrdeiaartoierriasylsocestllxwhaiotuat.hsshylhBedsoihejieengltictai'jSuenrsdawishgrguirNais,.kaaaitesotrsunnietlossetBlsseheTsavtbicrdeetfhuosh.oeinreoofchisaptw.iestDnrursyesdgetsasbn.suiIaigps.ceeseposspPe.eaonphcuonfcierataaeoImuifiiitlcrocunmnalltee.tpswhtnh.egila0Ianeents Ans. 46. Ans. 47. Ans.

18. Explain the reasons for re-launching the Civil Disobedience Movement by Gandhiji? All India (C) 20091 Or Why did Gandhiji re-launch the \"Civil Disobedience Movement\"? Explain any three reasons. Foreign 2013] . The Round Table Conference in London was a failure. On returning to India, Gandhiji took a conscious step to re-launch the Civil Disobedience Movement because of the following reasons. (a) The British government had again started using force to suppress nationalist activities like meetings, demonstrations and boycotts. (b) Many nationalist leaders including Abdul Gaffar Khan and Jawaharlal Nehru were imprisoned. (c) The Congress had been declared illegal. 9 Why did the rich peasants take part in the Civil Disobedience Movement? Give four reasons. Delhi, Foreign 2011] s. The rich peasants to0-like the Patidars of Gujarat and the Jats of Uttar Pradesh-had their own views about Swaraj. They joined the movement because of the following reasons. (a) The rich peasants who produced commercial crops were hard hit by the trade depression and falling prices which decreased their cash income and in turn they could not pay the government's revenue. (b) The government, on the other hand, was reluctant to reduce the revenue demand. (c)This led to widespread resentment among the peasants and they began to support the Cvil Disobedience Movement, believing they would be saved from this situation. . How did women participate in Civil Disobedience Movement? Explain. Foreign 2015] 5. There was a large scale participation of women in the Civil Disobedience Movement. (a) During the Salt March, thousands of women came out of their homes to listen to Gandhiji. (b) They took active part in protest marches, produced salt, picketed foreign cloth and liquor shops. Many of them even went to jail. (c) In urban and rural areas, women from rich and upper castes were more closely associated with the movement. . Howdid cultural processes help in creating a senseofcollective belongingness in India ? Explain. [Delhi 20i1 Or Describe the cultural process through which nationalism captured people's imagination. 5. The sense of collective belongingness among the Indians came from a united struggle of the people against the colonisers under whom they suffered oppression, suppression and cruelty. A variety of other cultural processes that helped in building the sense of collective belongings are as follows. (a) Personification of Bharat Mata: The image of country India was transformed as Bharat Mata first by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay. Later, other artists like Abanindranatih Tagore too painted the image of Bharat Mata portraying her as a calm, composed, divine and spiritual figure. People began to pledge their devotion to her as a proof of nationalism. (b)National Song Vande Mataram': Bankim Chandra wrote Vande Mataran' as a hyma to the motherland in his novel Anandamath. This song became so popular that it began to be sung widely in the nationalist movements. (c) Folklore: Nationalist leaders made every possible effort to collect folk songs and legeno Rabindranath Tagore himself began to revive folk songs, dances, folk tales, cultures. Natesa Sast1ri published a four volume colleçtion of Tamil folktales The Folklore ef due India. Nationalism in lndia 69

((((fEB(dbcoaeyx)))))llpothlwaaTeTRuNCaaIUNaeiimntnhcnphnnesecoadheeededdgwro.utyoniyiitinoasenihodohsstnfcgnvphtatyenotoIeesieleoocmlavansprtmrdsuofhoinelsgasbtniingreceulens1oybgsshwmiptn9tagoleesthatssedtsho.gntsenrhettfattbeuthdoechdnaemgIseepoSngktertnBtaetauyaeadehdfotkrdmnlrkaugneiiaeieaoterphtbgbntyir'dbyrostsoae,bpoyshldbcaybs.rpbPityuhd:tiehtavoadhrietDetwgseiehnterehnrthvraseeu:eregsteciIiriettnHnimBIoewtoInmenndsntirIgaenddshndiinasntaaeiaiodteidraatrhvnstanucmsyninheesahtssslhnpIm'eSostncfiehasotspwioaeodoanngrddsbgliadadroaierldetsetienosnhfhiecsaMeneibsrieecsnatlisnyghtoomtueasgfreiuvtsrsettielhresoshemleopibieolernrmprdaoapdyfedtacvI.eIosestsesonnkv.eerryvtftddwpltemmheGfrwliiraaloeaaeaceobaayrprnn'otopstsdnIeast,nnlm,ddnstfgdasihhiaoaieoncilndaitInaoftnijidednrneitortosinhoidnncopopdchewcmioaurafepeiellise,ansspo,mottdidphsonasugmiperersiarbtntiyatiatdiywi.aev.sioInseotdneatntha.nb,hsd.earaaaeittdmmTlch,aeahkSesnopasdcewywntirivigyiHgecaadnebnsrrienweesac,dthdgttejaroee,aooandrtfnmynfcltdeIae.n.dptaghtpd(it,hachaaapeienntaebtriCrydnmiinBoinmatosouagrra.ttuiwsthittikrtsiisrTosiciemtgvhhheesoesead).,f. Carrying52. Ans. (((((decbfAaAm))r)))ofsemtscHtaHhHteIHAheHhownreiseeeoesuehdas1ardrmrit9eBrmatootussdt1steuheruorn,6eodgiacdeMikrdtbqascdniatsciuensioobirullhbhnusoieilvappyssesoglpdeetefehroepumdmtsdtifhldhsl.orstoleeeeoo,yrtfnHnLdtbmhth.acctyeeMBriiootsaoanairtSduiohlntvpaoislmhtsonieeoheigme.usgowleopasvhfett.tptrhihe,hmsedolASd,eoesefAnaasdeonutvdtfttmhynroroGcesii-iaen.icpsopw,caguaceravemnre,lnpyeaeudsiinaGtmohtdscrhhesmfaeekaeiseeddeenedntTfhibntsocdtnisecbtayronhilsolngipatoelopajyhsiifednkestcetmhpeeiahotaesaolseatnlaQtxansyaaSSnesgoetnshtutaiofds,drosotvuyetBnperaeatcausthsarnragclginletdl.trislgiimaasaeesoldnthwhdleeldian.innmontitghrnsgHmnokesotirvemotosfon[ireovt5sl-murewc.eveHeatmieaiiiiMilogotganlnnhelnrnntdewdintasjhnratwragsCaecknlsoweiiissktIvaohn]retidwealdfssnrCsali,DopedpashmgoneiraisednacsominpNidilgIgaabupennpantlennrdiditaivedccfifirroceiiiaiieateeaain.ofnadnttceaiti,crooweoletednKnhuiMntenhhacoeoieenrefvdwdlewwta.tnmi0tololaaeernb.twn.nydE 53. NationNaloisnm-CoinopIenrdaitaionAns.

aTEb)hx) eplafPBoiinrlclioktitweshtheiinnigfgnesawottifeuturrfeoetisrotehniogesfnftahenlaeidqtuubsrooeeyrrsvcsoiohctfetospbasownydebcyrosewtwtdaoaedmnnediesenhds.iwbMaydoesvsteuhmdi eeMnnttos.v, etmeaecnhte. rs and lawyers. c) Refusal and bonfires of foreign clothes. d) Reduction in imports of cloth. e) Refusal of traders to deal in foreign goods or finance foreign trade badly affected the British economny. Increase in the production of Indian handloom and textile and coming up of Indian industries (ar ive) Describe any four economic effects of the Non-Cooperation Movement. ICH 2011] he following was the economic impact of the Non-Cooperation Movement on the economy of ndia. a) The factory-manufactured cheap and abundant foreign goods were boycotted, liquor shops were picketed and foreign cloth burnt in huge bonfires. Import of foreign cloth decreased to half causing huge economic loss to the Britishers. c) The merchants and traders refused to trade in foreign goods or finance foreign trade even though it meant loss of profits to them. d) As the Non-Cooperation Movement spread, more and more people began to discard, inported clothes and use Indian made clothes. e) Production of Indian textiles went up which was good for Indian industrialisation and economy. lention the features of the Gudem Hills rebellion? What methods were adopted by the tribals to ain swaraj? he following were the features of the Gudem Hills rebellion. 2) It was a guerrilla militant movement initiated by Alluri Sitaram Raju against the colonial misrule. b) This rebellion was against preventing the forest people from entering the forests for grazing cattle, collecting fuelwood and fruits. It denied them their traditional rights over the forests and affected their livelihoods. c) The tribal people were also forced to do begar for road building which enraged the forest people. tribal people took the following steps to gain swaraj. The aram Raju inspired by Gandhiji and hi s Non-Cooperation Mov ement persuaded people All uri Sit khadi and give up drinking habits. a) But, at the same time, he asserted tha t lndia to adopt could only be liberated by the use of force. attempted to kill British officials. They carried The Gudem rebels attacked police stations and b) on their guerilla warfare and inflict losses on the British. Write a short note on the Non-Cooperation Movement. in 1920. He had the following three basic Non-Cooperation Movement was launched by Gandhijï's objectives. remedial action from the British for the wrong done in Jallianwalla 3agh. (a) He wanted (b) He wanted a solution to the Khilafat issue. (c) TcTtglohaohhorweugeoenyadmNmnetsrr.iooyossvnTsesriet-dhedCmifiemsmuoe,sohonppepavtloddeaerirnmtntaaoatetantigpntootirrtwnoesaonacnbaMtstsjgieseoaaacecivnntnoiedidvsnnmteohctetmihiawlntlleiiytauecshgksa.iadortmdahevTraepedhssraie.ancfatfmtnWtetadeoreiieanntnlnchatmhttnhlteveadherewnlesortBsrccairodaoonisfltundlisrssinotwhsfsfeotvaurarGrisldnat.lajedha.ngneIdpetnpshseeoitujlohpienpe,lfedtleecedeobrludueivtcugnhiaatcnertnagyellteedisitanooaiddndmtebeaheiorlredtssyodinhuconlrio.espbttPtacoinlllfouaeBastlsraokaenlblgatdeassd, Ramchandra to reduce revenue demand and abolition ofbegar. Tribal people startedi * in Indi 71

ainrkethrG:eairndrhigijhiof massspAotktolirtalulfsncigronategmaglellteeimmoopinfanolfnasvcyttehehmspeeAoteGhlmnsiesctuo.anedvmmieoemevmbneee.mHgnGeaitl.nnaltsnHotdoupehfrprineAjoeisdntifhndevleghitortlctaehhrneoaPtwt.rITandIdnlhaedaensittadthranacElsgekimdnceeidibgneyrcdtaihAdtteioelonlpnubtoreaAiltitcSCcrteiahtoiaansfruteaa1rdmit8-if5CooR9nhrraatoajaauunrrn.adeoWftnoas-reivcantio.oidtsl.eonnnt th fire, movement. Movement? Why did the Congress decide to launch the Civil Disobedience S8. Or Ans. that led launching of the Civil Disobedience Movemennt?t to the What were the developments owingCongress decided to launch a nationwide Civil Disobedience Movement because of the reas ons. Ir win showed reluctance towards the elev en demands raised by Gand h ij i. This led to tthhea us Sal t March Civil isobedien (a) Lord and beginning of the D ce Móvement. famo (b) Worldwide economic depression slashed agricultural prices. This led to a decline in demand and exports. Peasants were the hardest hit by this crisis. On that, the government was not readv to lower the revenue demand. (c) The only-British commission called the Simon Commission was sent to India to look into the developments of the constitutional system. Indians got enraged as it had no Indian member in it. There were widespread agitations against the commission. (d) Lord Irwin's proposal of granting dominion status and discussion at the Round Table Conference could not satisfy the nationalists. (e) Finally at the Lahore session of Congress in 1929, it was decided to launch the Civil Disobedience with the faced in their Movement. This movement was sought to be related problems people daily life. Nationalism in India Beginning of the Clvil Disobedlence Movement and the Dandi March (((d(«(JtoWcabhau))ewhtcoaiocGmhPTImatpaehammrrewoenelspaeesadldilsdhoediieNifnaedjmtdwieetehthacehtinolrrreosauiedvcureedstfparcedolrososrtektmrsomthseihioedfPdeainosentu?Lldldro2noal6aofhaat\"mvoatwSkehroJeraeiwasuytnashCasruteaeooaCpjsmrnLliseryvegoiOeaaodioarrlvhlineaeng1drnotscn.eDg9ersaoMtea0imTtstaoSorhCoopnweiob8psosalspiltreetlensaslrniStddiguydeohibergecenceaeoagnnostfrolctsclhieoaaneneBfdSrimltflaeoefDhonornbsprueoesyreicoacwodoetroneiotmsmdpmroibdnpuceaüloDsrtneowtete1hiac9seses2mu9fe2obsremWorfa1hle9iavs2tee9drw,y.Tedraheye de Social Scio 59. the immediate independence inIdnedpeepnednednecnec.eMovementAns. following werc Day. life. This lac

How did the people and the colonialgovernment react to the Civil Disobedience Movement? Explain. Delhi 2012] Or Discuss the events of the Civil Disobedience movement. Different people reacted differently to the Civil Disobedience Movement. (a) It began with Gandhiji breaking salt law at Dandi. People, also openly deficd the colonial laws like breaking salt laws, manufacturing salt and staging demonstrations in front of government salt factories. (b) There was large scale boycott of foreign cloth and picketing of liquor shops. Peasants refused to pay revenue and chaukidari taxes. (c) Village officials resigned and at many places forest people violated forest laws by going into Reserve Forests to collect wood and graze cattle. On the other hand, colonial government too reacted with ruthless and brutal suppression. (a) Fearing the intensity of the movement and huge loss to the government property, the government arrested many eminent nationalist leaders like Gandhiji and Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan. This led to violent clashes at many places. (b) Peaceful satyagrahis were attacked, women and children were beaten and many were arrested. (c) The Congress was declared illegal. Nationalism in India Law Courts Municipal Offices Railway Stations Why did Mahatma Gandhi decide to call off the Civil Disobedience Movement? Explain. [All India 2016] By the end of 1930, the Civil Disobedience Movement had spread in many parts of India. (a) The colonial government began to use stern steps to stop the mass agitation. Various Congress leaders were arrested which led to widespread violent clashes with the police. (6) The arrest of Abdul Gaffar Khan in Peshawar resulted in a demonstration and defying of police authority by the crowd. Many died in the clash. (c) Mahatma Gandhi himself was arrested which led to attacks on police posts, municipal buildings, law courts, etc. (d) The British once again began a series of brutal repression of the demonstrators and attacked peaceful satyagrahis. Women and children were beaten. (e) A large number of people were arrested. APprehending the situation turning violent and going out of control, Gandhiji decided to cal o the movement. i nIndia 73

Disobedle in the Civil [Delhi, Foreign 2014 participate different social groups 62. How did M. examples. Movement)with their i d tth rOr Disobedience in the Civil participate eals ofof Indians Movement with own classes and groups Disobedience Why indid various participated the Civil of agricultural prodio as the prices uce fellDifferent social groups Ans. the rich peasants them swarai but land revenue swaraj. raj meantinWorldwide For affected denied. depression were trade (a) demanded reduction srDiaraTabTnheunnehhedatpddtripeerutemepreCIcebcnelnret-ouyotsids.wnoss.mwtuiiFdneTonohmsriorhentetilkrernisienaionisryetnfcngthctfsgaiheleeaoxa(cexmlceFfstrcsoCseeIt.henhsdCoaswwdentCnidhiagtiglIeeirnlre)oamedpbjnirsuoneaassmso.ntit1nenerrdB9oiaptea12uhnedlc97taatow2ptastrl0hrwoaoneoeanrnddoytkntiueuseagdccsllrtadtttsosaviiredoooyewet.insneasfutTdicsraipnhinogv,acaeuatFelnlyioirracoenayconidngsoafmdsteelubrtiriohlhaesmdeneteceninlpraoptibaouo.mnubtstrlsooteppesiofan..otythreTTfhtsethheotshhmeefIeaeyynfonrofddcevdorileneeaorimtmminsngaeadeenCnnundrdghdets.toatdlehraomTedyetdmihbboIwsenea.enyonrdTtsutodishealbaefdrenwedCwytfIworlnswaoewmdeguadueaemnrsnrsittatseeiraeithdi.ndrihaaa.edeslal ction(6) (c) (d) (e) businessmen and the Congress. n ideas of boycott. Railway worke rs and dockyard workers too es wor rallies Some selectively adopted Gandhia e Gandhi caps and took p art i n protest and went on strikes. Workers in min boycott campaigns. came out of their houses and took active part in protest marches and (Thousands of women produced salt. 63. Name two prominent industrialists who supported the Civil Disobedience Movement. Why did the initial enthusiasm of the merchants and industrialists fade away during the later stages of the Civil Disobedience Movement? Ans. The two prominent industrialists who supported the Civil Disobedience movement were Purshottamdas Thakurdas and G.D. Birla. The initial enthusiasm of the merchants and industrialists faded away during the later stages of the Civil Disobedience Movement because of the following reasons. (a) The businessmen saw Swaraj as freedom trade and industry without constraints. from colonial restrictions on business and expansion or (b) The failure of the Round Table Conference demoralised the business lost enthusiasm to be part of any such movement. groups who tne (c) The spread of militant activities worried the business classes as there were long disruptions (d) business due to frequent bandhs and hartals. They were also afraid of the growing influence of socialism Congress. among the younger members or 64. HtcoTWdhoriehrdguhoealatuDdnrtdgirieas.shbodleiBeldtuptaRtlooiteohlaiApneitdmimamcRewiaprstbaslreoseolesdvvfsmokeeuuastgphgrtgoehahetewntrsyddtecaeerodtcmdopnieosbedimiylmnioitttaintpiohcn-rtnaemohdlvaedaoetdsakfolttiilrhhndtueeegetslipeeocsarprionevdtrnusoeastdartcoeisiteotidiosttnohsonnc.elosaooDofpsflfsrvrsoe.tdeehsbeaBetlptheisnremdeRiestpnshsprAeerofedeambdfsclousceebelcldmleadoadsswtbsikcyoeioalnsnafr?tgsahtslhbeEeweesixadlndipyceeseslopvta.piureitrneuldedstsisasotebnehndeydastmctcshllioaartasdesswteesheeaspabssD.ote: plow Ans. nts. t nly ter

(a) He organised the dalits into an organisation ca lled the Depressed Casses Assciatio n in 19H (b) the seco w He demanded separate electorates for dalits at nd Round Table Conference, hic h wa* finally conceded by the British. (c) He signed the Poona Pact with Gandhiji and gave up the demand for separate electoratws hut secured reserved seats for dalits in the provincial and central legislative councils tuy be Ae in general election. 65. Explain the reasons for the lukewarm response of some Muslim organisations to the Civil Disobedience Movement. Ans. When Gandhiji called for the Civil Disobedience Movement, the Muslims had lukewarm respons because of the following reasons. (a) The failure of Non-Coperation-Khilafat Movement led to a large number of Muslims to wave out from the nationalist struggle. (b) The Congress was more closely associated with the Hindu nationalists groups like the Hindu Mahasabha, which distanced Muslims from the nationalist activities. (c) The relationship between the Hindus and the Muslims worsened when the two began organising religious processions with militant fervour. (d) Each community began to provoke other community leading to communal clashes and riots. This further increased differences between the two communities. (e) There were attempts at negotiations and compromise by Congress and Muslim League, but these could not get success. Some, or the other differences derailed the efforts. ( Muslim leaders and intellectuals were concerned about their minority status in India and feared that their culture and identity would be suppressed by the domination of Hindu majority. (g) Muslims were disappointed with the way the Civil Disobedience Movement ended without any Concrete outcome. (any five) So when the Civil Disobedience Movement was again launched, Muslims under the clouds of distrust and suspicion, could not respond to the mass struggle. .How did the Civil Disobedience Movement differ from Non-Cooperation Movement? The Civil Disobedience Movement differed from the Non-Cooperation Movement in the following ways. (a) Non-Cooperation Movement was launched between 1920 and 1922, while the Civil Disobedience Movement continued from 1930 to 1934. (b) The Non-Cooperation Movement was launched because of the anger of Jallianwalla Bagh tragedy and the Civil Disobedience Movement was launched to protest the arrival of the Simon Commission. C) Non-Cooperation Movement began with the surrender of titles, boycott of British institutions and goods, whereas Civil Disobedience Movement began with defying and breaking the colonial laws, like Salt Law. (d) NOn-Cooperation Movement aimed for swaraj or self-government. Civil Disobedience Movement Swanaj. demanded complete independence or Purna

67. \"Method of reinterpretation of history was followed to encourage a feeling of nationalism Give any five arguments to support this statement. Ans. Reinterpretation of history created a feeling of nationalism in India in the following wavs nation:(a) By the end of nineteenth century, there developed a feeling of sense of pride in the and this could be done through interpreting Indian history in a different way. (b) The British considered Indians as backward and primitive, incapable ot governing themselveess. Indians responded by into the past looking to discover India's great achievements. (c) Glorious developments in ancient times when art and architecture, science and mathematics and and began to be religion and culture, law and philosophy, crafts trade had flourished re-written. (d) It was felt that Indian glorious past was neglected with the coming of foreign powers. The readers were urged (e) and struggle to change to read history and take pride in India's great achievements in the the miserable conditions of life under the British. past Value Based Questions 68. (((WcWTbacSaTbaaualpa)h)h))snhlptieoteytaurhwavothTWWsraVBgoaaaoinadhanrlclurchhsduaolleihuiytaahteetabe,ih,trtIssslssaelsnee:syhawvesusSedin,Tempmagbkeiagddlahegeairtbupnonceiycetseelsigtvtsosaitlpdstctessengvshwfidiierootrdrteenyelfteauirmnofhomdt,rhauIgeroafitnyteeicraintonsoeodtdanalurilelunenlitetetuygladphcxyritiganiosereahpnnciesmnnavlfotqsouhacInoertd,uni?sneeddtebteidodarpnesWareitcoireiyajnnutfiouchvhdfglnetoshtreeahustofaadritserovcmegSsaaivfaesgrraollp.nalytrtuftyfheyleohreu.bsetacteesoseygteimoslvraudientabkesaaohvlh,eeoysremeesvaanrpedeBarshaeseiefarnysmpoptiiansdaytnrrbinioiscgasvteidsnaghnhedav-lr?tehdgvdoeafaeiegoihoocst?drrihpelicetrcepeyinauono.gciItunnoeanAtle,iheddnfnpdetiiwsrgtaatusIhtrni.htitnntnhedfpbtj,oruhieaopraseoytmattpisolcelesopeetcihfv,otphioensrrsreeafotorsshtmetuyisehssgoaiytiecgashria.twnrralnaclNneyfohercro,n?eeen-iep,vl-deolipxrovloinrpmiltaoeiolcconl,Weaticitnlbceelecyaud\"etl,t. Ans. 69. Ans.