HANDBOOK

BASKETBALL HANDBOOK

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Introduction of the Author: Airene Dimatera is a grade 11 student at Rosario, Institute in Rosario, Cavite. SY- 2021-2022. This Basketball Handbook is made for school purposes. It's nice to hear that we're given a chance to publish a digital sports handbook with our chosen sport. Why Basketball? Basketball is a popular sport that improves balance and coordination. It helps to build teamworks and good communication with other people, .\"BASKETBALL ISN'T JUST A SPORT. IT IS AN ART, ONE THAT MUST BE MASTERED TO SUCCEED.\" – STEPHEN CURRY



COURT DIMENTIONS BASKETBALL COURTS COME IN DIFFERENT SIZES BASED ON THE LEVEL AND TYPE OF BASKETBALL BEING PLAYED. A PROFESSIONAL NBA COURT IS 94’ X 50’ | 28.65 X 15.24 M. COURTS ARE COMPRISED OF SEVERAL FOUNDATIONAL COMPONENTS: THE BASKETS, THE THREE-POINT ARCS, FREE-THROW (FOUL) LINES, AND THE HALF COURT LINE. INDOOR COURTS ARE USUALLY MADE WITH POLISHED WOOD (OFTEN MAPLE), WHILE OUTDOOR COURTS ARE TYPICALLY MADE FROM PAVING, CONCRETE, OR ASPHALT. PEOPLE USE LENGTH, WIDTH, AND HEIGHT TO SHOW THE DIMENSIONS OF A HIGH SCHOOL BASKETBALL COURT. THE LENGTH OF THE COURT IS EQUIVALENT TO THE DISTANCE FROM THE END LINE TO THE BASELINE. THE WIDTH REFERS TO THE DISTANCE BETWEEN THE LINES. LASTLY, PEOPLE MEASURE THE HEIGHT OF THE BASKETBALL COURT FROM THE FLOOR TO THE TOP OF THE BACKBOARD. BASKETBALL COURT SIZE VARIES DEPENDING ON THE LEAGUE AND LEVEL OF PLAY. THE COURT MEASURES 94 FEET LONG BY 50 FEET WIDE FOR NBA COURT DIMENSIONS AND WNBA AND COLLEGE. NOTE THE PAINT AREA – THE FREE THROW LANE – IS 16 FEET ACROSS. THE FOUL LINE IS 15 FEET FROM THE FACE OF THE BACKBOARD AND 2 INCHES WIDE. INTERNATIONAL BASKETBALL FEDERATION (FIBA) AND OLYMPIC BASKETBALL COURTS CALL FOR THE COURT TO BE SLIGHTLY SMALLER AT 91.9 FEET BY 49.2 FEET. IN METERS, THAT’S 28 BY 15 METERS.

HISTORY OF BASKETBALL THE HISTORY OF BASKETBALL BEGAN WITH ITS INVENTION IN 1891 IN SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS BY CANADIAN PHYSICAL EDUCATION INSTRUCTOR JAMES NAISMITH AS A LESS INJURY-PRONE SPORT THAN FOOTBALL. NAISMITH WAS A 31-YEAR OLD GRADUATE STUDENT WHEN HE CREATED THE INDOOR SPORT TO KEEP ATHLETES INDOORS DURING THE WINTERS. THE ONLY MAJOR SPORT STRICTLY OF U.S. ORIGIN, BASKETBALL WAS INVENTED BY JAMES NAISMITH (1861–1939) ON OR ABOUT DECEMBER 1, 1891, AT THE INTERNATIONAL YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION (YMCA) TRAINING SCHOOL (NOW SPRINGFIELD COLLEGE), SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS, WHERE NAISMITH WAS AN INSTRUCTOR IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION. BASKETBALL WAS ORIGINALLY PLAYED WITH A SOCCER BALL. THE FIRST BALLS MADE SPECIFICALLY FOR BASKETBALL WERE BROWN, AND IT WAS ONLY IN THE LATE 1950S THAT TONY HINKLE, SEARCHING FOR A BALL THAT WOULD BE MORE VISIBLE TO PLAYERS AND SPECTATORS ALIKE, INTRODUCED THE ORANGE BALL THAT IS NOW IN COMMON USE. DRIBBLING WAS NOT PART OF THE ORIGINAL GAME EXCEPT FOR THE \"BOUNCE PASS\" TO TEAMMATES. PASSING THE BALL WAS THE PRIMARY MEANS OF BALL MOVEMENT. DRIBBLING WAS EVENTUALLY INTRODUCED BUT LIMITED BY THE ASYMMETRIC SHAPE OF EARLY BALLS. DRIBBLING ONLY BECAME A MAJOR PART OF THE GAME AROUND THE 1950S, AS MANUFACTURING IMPROVED THE BALL SHAPE.

BASKETBALL EQUIPMENT AND GEARS

EQUIPMENTS AND GEARS: shoes ball basketball short basketball basketball headband t-shirt ring towel water bottle basketball equipment bag arm sleeves whistle scoring padded machine



BASIC SKILLS Basketball is a fast-paced game that requires the knowledge and instinct to perform quickly and properly. The sport of basketball requires five basic skills. While some players might be more experienced with some skills than others, it is best to have at least some ability in all five areas. 1. Dribbling - Dribbling is an important skill for all basketball players. This skill will allow you to move up and down the court, maneuver past defenders and execute plays. Proper dribbling requires ball-handling skills and knowledge of how to spread your fingers for ball control. It is also best if you know how to dribble equally well with both hands. There are different types of dribbles: • change-of-pace, • crossover dribble, • behind the back, • pull back dribble, • low dribble, • basic dribble, • between the legs dribble

2. Shooting- In order to score points in basketball, you need to shoot the ball into the hoop. This requires the ability to properly hold and throw the ball into the air toward the basket while avoiding defenders. A proper shot requires precise aiming, arm extension and lift from the legs. There are different types of shots you need to learn, including jump shots, layups and free throws. There are several ways to score in the game: • Jump Shot • Dunk • Alley oop • Free throw • Layup • Three-Point Shot • Hook Shot 3. Passing- is another skill that when mastered can help you become a complete basketball player. Basketball is a team sport that involves finding a teammate who is open for a shot. The ability to pass the ball to this player can make the difference between scoring and not scoring. Really great passers are an important part of a basketball team and usually the ones who set up scoring plays. There are several types of passes you need to learn: • Overhead Pass • Baseball Pass • Chest Pass • Off-the-Dribble Pass • Push Pass • Bounce Pass

4. Jumping is another skill that can define how good a basketball player is. Jumping is involved in offense during the jump ball in the beginning, while taking shots and sometimes while trying to catch a pass. On defensive you will need the ability to jump when trying to block a shot or a pass. Being able to out jump your opponent for a rebound also is important. 5. Running is a big part of basketball. In a full-court game, you will find yourself running back and forth as the game quickly transitions between offense and defense. When you have the ball, running will help you to avoid defenders and get to the basket quicker. On defense, you often will find yourself needing to run after the opponent, especially during fast breaks. 6. Rebounding - is essential to gain or regain possession after the shot. Usually, the team who has the most number of rebounds after the game has more shot attempts and chances to score. 7. Offense - is the only chance that the team has a shot at the basket and scoring. Playing a good offense requires coordination among players and individual skill to execute well plays. 8. Violations - Knowing the kinds of basketball violations improves your game.

9. Defense - To be able to get a chance to score and gain possession, the team should play good defense and try to stop their opponent from scoring. As said, \"A good defense is a good offense.\" 10. Moves - There are different kinds of basketball moves that are important in executing both a good offense and a good defense. Moves are helpful in finding an open man, make a good shot or create an amazing play. 11. Assist - is given to a teammate to help him score easily. Thus is it important to find an open man on the court 12. Foul - is often an accidental contact made by the defender to his opponent or an aggressive move by the ball-handler towards his defender. However, a foul is also used as a strategy to stop the clock or to keep the shooting player from scoring easily. Learning how to use your fouls well is important in the game.



TECHNICAL SKILLS Passing and Receiving The technical skills that make up the fundamentals of ball handling are crucial in playing any type of basketball. Effective passing requires that a player understand how to move their feet in a fluid manner while also having the ability to generate topspin and turnovers. Receiving the ball well requires that a player possess good hands and a solid handle, but also be able to stop on a dime and change directions with authority. Dribbling Dribbling is one of the technical and tactical skills of basketball yet so many players fail to master this important skill. Many youth coaches focus on fundamentals to improve their players’ dribbling skills specifically because they believe it is one of the key distinctions between less experienced and more experienced players. Rebounding Rebounding in basketball is a tactic used by the defensive team to regain possession of the ball or to steal the ball from an opposing offensive player. The ability to rebound is one of the many skills required in basketball.

Shooting Shooting in basketball refers to a number of basketball skills that involve taking a shot at the basket. These may be free throws, shots taken from behind the three-point line, or as part of other plays like alley-oops, passes off rebounds, and so on. Shooting is among the most basic of basketball skills, yet it is also one of the most fundamental. Shot blocking There is a lot more going on than just the numerical value of the points you get to shoot. A good shot blocker will use his height and reach effectively, start his feet and then use his hand-eye coordination to keep his arm in the air after his shot is made.

TACTICAL SKILLS Cutting through the lane Cutting through the lane is the most direct route by which a basketball player can move toward that basket. Cutting in this fashion allows players to finish with a lay-up, take their defender off-balance, or pass quickly to players on the wings. Setting ball screens Setting ball screens is one of the integral technical and tactical skills of basketball that opens up a number of opportunities to attack the defense and find your best player in a scoring position. Help defense Defense wins championships. As cliche as it sounds, it is true. No offensive team can be successful without a strong defense. From the game of basketball, we have seen how some players become successful while others don’t. Achieve Overall Mastery The technical and tactical skills of basketball are the necessary elements an athlete must acquire in order to maintain beyond-the-arc shots, perfect ball handling, better rebounding, better blocking, accurate passing, better shooting, swift-running patterns, and quick thinking.



RULES OF THE GAME *Only five players per team on the court. In the NBA, WNBA, and NCAA basketball, each team can play a maximum number of five players on the court. If a team breaks this main rule, they will lose possession of the ball. *Score more than your opponent to win. To win the game, a team must score more field goals than the other team. A field goal refers to any basket a player scores during gameplay. Field goals can be worth two or three points. *Score within the shot clock. Teams have a limited amount of time to shoot the ball during a given possession. In the NBA and WNBA, teams are allowed 24 seconds of possession before they must shoot, while NCAA teams are allowed 30 seconds. *Dribbling advances the ball. Basketball players may only advance the ball by passing or dribbling (bouncing the ball on the floor) as they move up and down the court. If a player stops dribbling, they may not resume; instead, they must pass the ball or shoot it. *The offense has five seconds to inbound the ball. After the offense scores a basket, the opposing team receives possession of the ball. One of their players has to inbound the ball from a designated spot on the sidelines of the court to resume gameplay. The player has five seconds to pass the ball to another player on his team, or else the team loses possession.

*The offense must advance the ball. Once an offensive team advances the ball past the half-court line, the ballhandler may not cross that line again, or a referee will award possession of the ball to the opposing team. *Ball and ballhandler must remain inbounds. During gameplay, the player with possession of the ball must stay within the designated inbounds lines marked on the court. If a player steps out of bounds or touches this line with their foot while holding the ball, the referee will award possession to the opposing team. *Defenders can’t interfere with a shot on a downward trajectory. After the offensive player shoots the ball, it is illegal for a defensive player to interfere with it once it begins its descent toward the rim. This interference is called a goaltend and will result in an automatic field goal for the offense. *Defenders can legally block or steal the ball. The defending team’s goal is to prevent the offensive team from scoring by either stealing the ball, blocking the ball from entering the basket, or using defensive tactics to prevent an offensive player from shooting and scoring. *Defenders must leave the paint after three seconds. The area directly in front of the basket is sometimes referred to as \"the paint\" or \"inside the key.\" Offensive players may not camp out in this area waiting for the ball or an offensive rebound. Any individual player can spend a maximum of three seconds at a time in the space before they have to move

*Each team is allotted a certain number of fouls. The NBA allows each team a total of five fouls per quarter. Once a team surpasses this allotment, they go “into the bonus,” which means the officials will award the opposing team with free throws for every additional foul that a player commits in that quarter of play. *Illegal contact results in a foul. When a basketball player commits illegal physical contact against an opposing player, the referees will call a personal foul. Most player fouls involve contact that impedes an opposing player's gameplay. *Illegal contact results in a personal foul. A personal foul is an infraction that violates the rules of the game. Players can incur personal fouls by pushing, blocking, or striking another player in the act of shooting. Shooting fouls result in free throw attempts for the fouled player. *Excessive contact results in a flagrant foul. Flagrant fouls refer to a personal foul that can potentially injure the opponent. These fouls carry heavier penalties, such as fines, immediate ejection, and even suspension. *Charges and illegal screens result in an offensive foul. An offensive foul is a personal foul that offensive players commit when their team possesses the ball. The two most common offensive fouls are charging and illegal ball screens. *Certain rule violations result in technical fouls. A technical foul is a penalty for violating the game’s administrative rules. Officials commonly assess technical fouls for fighting and verbal abuse, often assessing coaches with this penalty if they are too abrasive when disputing a call. Technical fouls result in a free throw and a change of possession.



HOW TO OFFICIATE The following are the officials of the game and their functions. The Referee A referee is the official in charge during and after the game. He is the official who watches a game or match closely to ensure that the rules are adhered to and sometimes to arbitrate on matters. He has the full responsibility to enforce the rules and maintain the order of the game. The referee has the final say on disciplinary matters. He also controls the game and takes up positions on opposite sides of the court. The Timekeeper The timekeeper also called Timer is charged with certain duties, according to the rules of basketball. The timekeeper should be familiar with all of the rules and obligations in the game. Mastering these rules and regulations can help avoid confusion during the game for both the officials and the timekeeper. He keeps a record of playing time and stoppages in play, and times the time-outs, and indicates when each half or overtime ends. The Scorer The scorer also called scorekeepers keeps a record of points scored, all fouls called against each player, timeouts charged to each team, notes the starting line-ups, and keeps a record of all substitutions. Scorekeepers should also refrain from any other distracting activity, such as texting, chatting, or talking during play.

REFERENCES: *https://www.harrodsport.com/advice-and- guides/basketball-court-dimensions- markings#:~:text=Basketball%20court%20dimensio ns%20in%20feet,offs%20and%20sidelines%20are% 20required. *https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_basketball *https://www.streetdirectory.com/travel_guide/4092 4/recreation_and_sports/10_basketball_skills_you_sh ould_learn.html *https://wattsbasketball.com/blog/technical-and- tactical-skills-of-basketball *https://www.masterclass.com/articles/basketball- rules-explained#what-are-the-rules-of-basketball *https://basketball91.com/coaching/guidelines-on- how-to-officiate-basketball- game/index.html#:~:text=A%20game%20of%20bask etball%20is,10%20minutes%20before%20game%20 time.