Salud Coomeva Magazine - December - January

www.revistasaludcoomeva.co ISSN 1692 - 5556 Diciembre 2018 - Enero 2019 - Edición 144 RECHARGE1



RECHARGEISSN 1692 - 5556 Diciembre 2018 - Enero 2019 - Edición 144 www.revistasaludcoomeva.co FROM COOMEVA TO THE WORLDIssue 144December 2018 - January 2019 At Coomeva Private Healthcare, ces that we provide to continue to stand we are always challenging oursel- out, and it encourages us to continueRevista Salud Founder ves to innovate. Through bringing in new users from bothGilberto Lotero Muñoz (q.e.p.d.) Coomeva’s comprehensive care, we Colombia and other parts of the world.Chairman of the Board combine change, relevant service, infras- Our drive is to continue transformingJosé Vicente Torres Osorio tructure, user-friendly solutions and our ourselves to provide high-quality heal-Executive President Of the expertise to give our users the best thcare services, in which health riskCooperativo Coomeva Business Group experience. This is reflected in our vir- management will continue serving as theAlfredo Arana Velasco tual medical tourism platform, Aboutti, pathway for all users to achieve greaterCEO Coomeva Sector Salud which recently won the 2018 Healthcare wellbeing. Now is the time to wish ourGilberto Quinche Toro Revolution Innovation Award, making it more than 349,000 users and their fami-Prepaid Medicine CEO one of the world’s most disruptive initia- lies a Merry Christmas and a happy NewJorge Alberto Zapata Builes tives due to its service and business Year, one marked by the practice of heal-National Director of Strategy model in the healthcare sector. As a thy habits – because at Coomeva, weand New Business company, this recognition allows for the know that Your Health and LovingMauricio Castillo Pérez different products, programs and servi- Yourself is key to a healthy life.National Director of MarketingSector Salud Editorial and Graphic Direction, Magazine General Editor Journalists CommercializationCamilo Ernesto Diusabá Perdomo prepress and printing Paula Andrea Montoya T. Isabel Vallejo Jiménez El ColombianoGeneral Manager El Colombiano Natalia Ospina Cali: Marisol MonsalveXiomara Iveth Campo Tel.: (4) 331 5252 Magazine Editor Liliana Klinkert 310 544 2354Editorial Committee [email protected] Natalia Estefania Botero C. Diana Milena Ramírez [email protected] Estrada Garcés Graphic Editor Adriana Cooper Bogotá: Ana María EchandíaNational Director of Prepaid Hugo A. Vásquez E. Diego Felipe Ortegón 3183764776Healthcare Photography Medellín: Mónica GómezBlanca Inés Vélez Arbeláez Design ShutterStock y cortesía 312 202 7269National Director of Oral Health Luis Salazar Garcés [email protected] Viviana Muñoz RodríguezDirector of Epidemiology The contents of all Salud Coomeva Medicina Prepagada S.A. magazine articles are illustrative in nature and/or for general knowledge. In no case areBertha Varela Rojas they meant to replace the advice or guidance of a physician. Readers shall not use this information in order to self-diagnose and/or perform an analysis,Jefe Nacional Auditoría Médica diagnosis or treatment of a disease or health problem without consulting with a certified physician.Julián Villegas The product and service offers made in the ads published in the Salud Coomeva Medicina Prepagada S.A. magazine are the sole responsibility of theJefe Nacional de Gestión de Riesgos advertisers. Also, the company is not liable nor obligated to provide its affiliates the services, procedures or treatments described in the contents ofen Salud articles that are not included in the coverage offered by Coomeva Medicina Prepagada S.A., nor shall they be obligated to include them in their plansMabel Irina Calero and services. All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form or system. © 2018Jefe de Marca Medicina Integral,Salud Oral y Negocios InternacionalesMartha Liliana Cifuentes CastañoNational Chief of RiskManagement in HealthCollaboratorsPascual Estrada GarcésBlanca Inés Vélez ArbeláezBertha Varela RojasMartha Liliana Cifuentes CastañoGermán Santiago Salcedo CajiaoAlexandra Arango RojasMarco Emilio OcampoAna María Correa MontañoJohan Jurado DelgadoJuan Pablo Barba CastañedaHugo Ricardo Campo CardonaCristian Yair Viveros Mosquera

TABLE OF CONTENTSDecember 2018 - January 20197 25 45 65( ) ( ) ( ) ( )WITH YOUR WORLD WITH YOUR BODY WITH YOUR MIND CORPORATE8 Keep in mind 26 Little giants 46 Your generation 66 Special Make a better Teaching self-care at Reading: More than Aboutti is recognized version of yourself home child’s play for its innovation14 Harmony in health 28 Prevention 50 Grandparents 68 Institutional Sports: A way to As essential as drin- Taking medication Benefits that make strengthen family king water without adverse effects us smile bonds 30 Go natural 52 For him 72 Campaign18 For her 10 heart-healthy foods Say goodbye to My Story: Our Women: Multitaskers? Peter Pan commitment to Or in a hurry to do it 32 Focus on your health all? The colon 56 Couples Is couples therapy 74 Directory20 Trends the answer? New providers and From the supermarket updated contact to your refrigerator 60 Harmony in health information Have you replaced22 Infographic 36 For your smile your doctor’s office A smoke-free body Saliva: You even need with the web? it to talk 64 Games 40 Keep in mind Crossword and A broken heart sudoku



MÁS BENEFICIOS QUE TE HARÁN SONREÍR El Programa Dental Elite de Coomeva Salud Oral no solo te protege, sino que también te brinda asistencias exclusivas para hacer más agradable tu vida. Profesor Mantenimiento Refuerzo de Estanciaa domicilio. básico de bicicleta. vacunación veterinaria. veterinaria. 3 eventos 2 eventos 1 evento 2 eventos Solicita el servicio en: Bogotá 743 12 22 - Resto del país 01 8000 183 222 medicinaprepagada.coomeva.com.coTe cuidamos desde tu primera sonrisa Aplican condiciones.

)WITH YOUR WORLD ( )CON TU MUNDO100 % POOR USE OF SUN- GLASSES CAN LEADIS THE PERCENTAGE OF PROTECTION TO EYE PROBLEMS.PRESCRIPTION SUNGLASSES PROVIDE LEARN TO CHOOSEFROM ULTRAVIOLET RAYS. THE RIGHT ONES. CLASSIFICATION OF LEVELS OF PROTECTION Lenses range from 0 to 4. The lowest category is suggested for aesthetic uses and the highest is for extremely intense sunlight. DAMAGE CAUSED BY A LACK OF PROTECTION Keratitis, cataracts or macular degene- ration are some conditions that ultra- violet rays cause when the eyes are not protected from the sun. PERSONAL ASSESSMENT Before buying a product, see an ophthalmologist to know what sun- glasses are right for your vision. 7

( )CON TU MUNDODISEÑEUNA MEJORMDVEREISSIÓSMNÍ OLa llegada de un nuevo año representala oportunidad para cerrar ciclos ydarle la bienvenida a lo que está porvenir recargado de la mejor energía. ASESORES JOSÉ GERARDO ALBÁN - Médico cirujano - JORDI DUQUE - CoachMAKE A BETTER VERSIONOF YOURSELFThe coming of a new year is an opportunity tobring cycles to an end and welcome what liesahead, recharged with the best of energies. MEDICAL ADVISOR JOSÉ GERARDO ALBÁN - Surgeon - JORDI DUQUE - Coach8

(( )WICTHOYNOTUURMWUONRDLOD keep in mindMás que un ajuste de cuentas per- More than just taking account of our sonal, de sentir nostalgia por eso personal lives, of feeling melancho- que dejamos a medias o de arre- lic about what we didn’t do orpentirse de cosas que hicimos, despedir regretting the things we did, the end of theel año es más bien una oportunidad para year is an opportunity to gain an understan-aclarar situaciones vividas, tomar medi- ding of the situations we experienced, todas en el aquí y el ahora y transformar, take actions in the present, and transformpaso a paso, nuestro estilo de vida. our lifestyles step by step. Así, llega la próxima fase sin cargo de This allows us to enter a new phase freeconciencia alguno y con múltiples posi- of burdens on our shoulders and with morebilidades de construir un nuevo ser. “La opportunities to build a new version of our-clave está en proponerse situaciones tan selves. As the surgeon José Gerardo Albánimportantes como mejorar las relaciones explains, “The key is in taking on thingssociales, la salud, la prosperidad, el con- that are meaningful to you and in impro-tacto con el mundo, cuidar la mente, ving your relationships, health, prosperity,para entender cuáles son los resultados your contact with the rest of the world, andque quiero obtener”, explica José in taking care of your mental health inGerardo Albán, médico cirujano. order to have an understanding of the results you want to achieve.” Para este estudioso de la medicinaalternativa, visualizar eso que queremos es For this scholar of alternative medici-el primer paso para empezar a diseñar una ne, visualizing what we want is the first“maqueta” que puede replantearse con el step to designing a blueprint for our livespaso del tiempo. Lo importante, en este that can be rearranged over time. Thepunto, es no dejarse derrotar por el estrés most important part of this is to not letni la ansiedad, aprender de los errores y yourself get overwhelmed by stress andlevantarse con la mejor actitud cuando la anxiety, to learn from your mistakes anddecisión, quizás, fue inoportuna. to get back on your feet with the best of attitudes when, perhaps, you didn’t A continuación, algunas pautas que make the best decisions. The followingle pueden ayudar a enfocarse mejor en are some guidelines that can help yousu objetivo, sea personal, laboral, fami- take the best approach to reaching yourliar, económico. goals, whether they are personal, work- related, financial or involve family. 9

( )CON TU MUNDO FACING STRESS 5min AND ANXIETYENFRENTE EL ESTRÉSY LA ANSIEDAD Almost everyone goes through episodes of stress and anxiety. If they are not con-Probablemente nadie escape de sufrir estos trolled, however, they can lead to heartepisodios que, si no se controlan, pueden disease and cause extreme feelings ofdesencadenar en enfermedades cardiovas- fear and distress. To put these feelings toculares y provocar sentimientos extremos de an end, try asking yourself: What types oftemor y angustia. Para frenarlos se recomien- events, actions or people bring them on?da preguntarse: ¿Qué tipos de hechos, In general, do I have positive or negativeacciones o personas me los despiertan?, thoughts? Do I often think about the futu-generalmente ¿tengo pensamientos positivos re optimistically or do I feel defeated?o negativos?, ¿pienso mucho en el futuro demanera optimista o derrotada? TERAPIA: regálese 5 minutos al día para respirar y visualizar lo que desea. Esto posibilita que la mente se aquiete, la fre- cuencia respiratoria disminuya y los pen- samientos se enfoquen. TAKE ACTION: Give yourself 5 minutes a day to breathe and visualize what you want. This allows the mind to become quiet, slows your breathing and helps to clear your thoughts. RECARGUE SU ENERGÍA ► Camine descalzo sobre el pasto. ► ABRACE UN ÁRBOL: los poderes tera- ► Ponga la cara, con los ojos cerrados, péuticos de esta especie natural van desde cargarnos de buenas vibraciones frente al sol de 6:00 a 9:00 a.m. hasta su uso como remedio para curar dolencias, atribuyendo a cada tipo de ► Sienta el aire fresco. árbol propiedades distintas. ► Nade en un río o una piscina. ► Báñese en el mar. RECHARGE YOUR ENERGY ► Walk barefoot on the grass ► HUG A TREE: The therapeutic ► Expose your face to the sun with your powers of this natural being can fill us with good vibrations and is even used eyes closed from 6:00 a.m. to 9:00 a.m. as a remedy to cure different ill- nesses, each type of tree having diffe- ► Feel the fresh air rent properties. ► Swim in the sea ► Swim in a river or in a pool10

(( )WICTHOYNOTUURMWUONRDLOD kteenpeinncmuienndta PRACTIQUE UNA LEAD A NUTRITIONALLÓGICA ALIMENTICIA PRACTICEEsto se refiere a llevar una dieta equilibrada, con las This means leading a balanced diet, with the appro-porciones indicadas. El cuerpo y la mente para fun- priate portion sizes. In order to function and to per-cionar y rendir de manera adecuada requieren de form well, the body and the mind need servings ofbocados de los distintos grupos alimenticios. different food groups. Whether you are vegetarian, aConozca su cuerpo y pida ayuda de profesionales de raw foodist, are a lover of all foods or you preferla salud para que pueda lograr un equilibrio de acuer- meat, find out how to reach this balance.do a su estado de salud y sus necesidades físicas. TERAPIA: se recomien- da beber, al menos, un litro de agua al día. Este hábito limpia el organis- mo y lo refresca. Puede agregar una rodaja de limón en ayunas. Sola o acompañada, recuerde saborearla. THE KEY: Try to drink at least one liter of water a day. This practice helps to clean and refresh the body. Before eating in the morning, try adding a slice of lime or lemon to your water or eating it by itself. Don’t forget to taste it!DESCARGUE DOWNLOADMI HISTORIA MP MI HISTORIA MP► Esta aplicación web y móvil comparte consejos salu- ► This web and mobile application offers healthy tips dables de acuerdo a su estado de salud, como técni- that are specific to your state of health, such as cas de respiración para controlar el estrés. breathing techniques to manage stress.► Ofrece, además, un ebook de recetas saludables para ► It also includes an e-book of healthy recipes so you recargar su energía con una alimentación balanceada. can recharge with a balanced diet. 11

( )CON TU MUNDO EVALÚE SUS EVALUATE YOUR RELACIONES RELATIONSHIPS Este paso es fundamental. No es solo cómo me This step is fundamental. It is not just about how I siento con lo otros, sino ellos cómo se sienten feel with others, but about how others feel in my con mi presencia. Es una relación en doble vía y presence. It is a two-way relationship and is necesaria en la cotidianidad. something we need on a daily basis. TERAPIA: piense en cuál es la percepción que deja THE KEY: Think about the perception you leave tras una conversación con un compañero, amigo, after having a conversation with an acquaintance, familiar. Sea más consciente de lo que piensa y dice. friend or family member. Be more conscious about what you think and talk about.APROVECHE LOS TERAPIA: póngase el MEDICINA PARA LA FELICIDADDESCANSOS CORTOS reto de transmitirle El médico José Gerardo Albán la explica así: “Es tranquilidad y brindarle amarse, ‘dejar de darse látigo’, como se dice colo-Es necesario darse permiso para salir de la rutina y relajación a su mente. quialmente. Es importante avanzar y expresarseesto no se refiere solo a tomar unas vacaciones, Estos pequeños des- a sí mismo: “Nada de culpas, vergüenzas, miedos;también está la opción de inscribirse a cursos de cansos son beneficio- soy alguien bueno, una construcción de lo mejorcarpintería, pintura, jardinería, o elija salir al parque. sos para la productivi- de mí. Si me amo me alimento saludablemente, dad en el día a día. realizo actividad física, camino, respiro aire puro,TAKE ADVANTAGE OF salgo al sol, disfruto la vida sin restricción o frus-SHORT BREAKS THE KEY: Make it a goal to make your mind •tración por un futuro breve, y solo depende deIt is important to give yourself permission to take a feel calm and relaxed.break from your routine. This does not just refer to These short breaks are mí tomar la decisión y cambiar la vida”going on a vacation, it also includes opportunities to beneficial to your dailytake carpentry, painting or gardening classes, or productivity. MEDICINE FOR HAPPINESSchoosing to go to a park. In the words of Dr. José Gerardo Albán, “It’s about loving yourself and avoiding being so hard on yourself. It’s important to make progress and express yourself, but without guilt, shame or fear. I am good, the best version of myself. If I love myself, I eat healthy, I do physical activity, I walk, I get fresh air, I spend time in the sun, I enjoy life without restraint or without feeling inhibited •about the near future, and it only depends on me to make a decision and change my life.”12

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WCOITNH TYUOMURUNWDOORLD( ) )harmony in health SPORFTAS: AMWIALYYTO BSTROENNGTDHESN ADVISOR JUAN CARLOS LÓPEZ PINEDA - Coach Tolerance, solidarity, With the best of intentions, some parents esta- discipline and teamwork: blish strict routines for their children that these are some of the values include extracurricular classes and sports acti- vities in order to keep them busy and stimulate their that sports reinforce. competitive spirit. As a family activity, however, sports help strengthen emotional bonds and can be a thera- peutic way to boost self-esteem and eliminate stress. As coach Juan Carlos López states, “This activity not14

( )CON TU MUNDOonly allows us to relax, but allows us to reinforce – togetherwith our loved ones – values such as responsibility, honesty,respect and commitment.” It is important to encourage this practice, “…as it allows usto develop routines that help us to release stress, cometogether as a family and adopt healthy lifestyles that lead tophysical and emotional wellbeing,” López adds. Traditional sports such as basketball, volleyball and soc-cer, for example, teach how teamwork is important to rea-ching a common goal, allowing players to tolerate, acceptand respect the differences between them and use eachother as supports to overcome obstacles.(As López explains, “It is important to consider the preferen- Exercising is beneficial to the overall wellbeing of a family and fosters children’s gradual initia- tion into the sports world.ces of each family member when choosing a sport. If everyonelikes something different, at least try to find a way to play thesesports at the same location, and if possible, at the same time;making it possible to establish a family sports schedule.” The frequency of this schedule depends on the availabilityof each person. The suggestion is to do practice this sportsactivity two to three times a week, especially on Saturdays,Sundays, holidays and in the evenings during the weekdaysafter getting home from work or school. López recommends following a routine where you stretchand warm up in partners in a way that fits the activity that willbe done. He also suggests families set goals and challenges,follow a special diet at home that is specific to each familymembers’ state of health, and be consistent with the type ofexercise that is being practiced. Whatever you choose to do,the idea is to make a habit out of it, which is why parents andolder siblings should be the main motivators. 15

WCOITNH TYUOMURUNWDOORLD BEFORE AND AFTER EXERCISING( ) )harmony in health 1 To improve aerobic capacity withSPORTS THAT MAKE FOR CLOSERRELATIONSHIPS: exercises such as running or cycling, do a 30-minute warm-up that involvesHiking or walking: The main objective of coordination and agility exercises as athese activities is to enjoy nature and breathe family.and fresh air. These activities are recommen-ded for all ages, and depending on each per- 2 Do power and speed exercises such asson’s physical condition, their intensity can jumping and short races to improverange from basic to intermediate. These acti- reaction responses and to stimulatevities are ideal for grandparents. competition. Maximum 20 minutes.Swimming: Swimming is a sport that When finishing a sports activity, a 5adapts best to the skills of each individual.It can include introductory courses for 3 to 10-minute cool down is verybabies, water aerobics for the elderly and important. This is how the bodyswimming classes for children. This sport recovers and is how the muscleshelps build a healthy sense of competition. •return to a resting stage after a high- intensity activitySkating: This is a fun activity to do inyour free time and to do with cousins andsiblings. It requires equipment such asskates, gloves, wrist protectors and hel-mets. It fosters socialization, teamworkand helps bring on new challenges.Wall or rock climbing: This activityencourages participants to collaborate inorder to choose the best route and tosupport who is at the front or back of theline. It is a way to build trust betweensiblings, parents and children, or couples.Ultimate frisbee: This activity is good todo with the whole family. Trust, respectand discipline are key aspects to enjoyingit. Because no judges or referees areinvolved, it promotes fair play throughhonesty and respect for the other.16

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CWOITNHTYUOMUURNWDOORLD( ) )forher WOMEN:MULTITASKERS? OR IN A HURRY TO DO IT ALL? Working conditions and family structures make many women take on roles that can lead to health risks if they are not delegated or taken on in a balanced way. MEDICAL ADVISOR CLAUDIA MARÍA MORENO GÓMEZ - Psychologist, practitioner at Coomeva Private Healthcare18

( )CON TU MUNDOPhrases like, “I can do it all,” “Only I as this can involve taking on roles that do something else when it turns into isola- can do this,” “I can’t trust anybody not come naturally. As Moreno indicates, tion, arrogance or difficulty delegating or else to do it,” “I don’t need anyone’s “Sometimes people will think that there is asking for help, leading people to becomehelp,” “I may be very busy, but I don’t leave nobody else who can do a certain task, so overburdened. Sooner or later, this willanything unfinished,” are commonly heard it does not get delegated or they don’t trust affect a person’s emotions and can end upin this new “profession” taken on by many someone else can do it. This is a miscons- causing different types of diseases.”women: the multitasker. trued approach, as relying on help is an essential part of living in society and It is important to make special empha- According to psychologist Claudia interacting with others, and no one is sis here on mothers, who often feel thereMaría Moreno Gómez, work affairs and self-sufficient enough to fill multiple is never enough time in the day to doeconomic hardship make women perform roles. This happens all the time and it is everything they planned for in coordina-different activities at the same time, what compromises quality or setting ting their family, work, professional and“Currently, many situations turn women priorities, for example.” romantic lives. All of this becomes a cha-into multitaskers such as the distribution llenge because they think that quitting orof household responsibilities, a lack of a FINDING BALANCE putting something off is a sign of wea-family support network a lack of When it comes to doing several tasks, it kness; but this can trigger high levels ofteamwork, and an increase in divorces – stress, anxiety and the even frustration.which in some cases – makes women play is important to set priorities, redefine yourthe role of both mother and the father.” goals and to pay attention to how satisfied To avoid becoming a stressed-out mul- you are when you perform each activity. titasker, try setting a clear goal that isn’t While for many, the idea of multi- too easy in order to prevent becomingtasking is a matter of women’s empower- As Moreno explains, “If you carry out bored with it, and yet isn’t too difficult soment, it is important to clarify that this your activities in a balanced way, but your as to avoid stress. Once this goal has beennotion is one that has been brought on by level of stress and tension rises as a result identified, focus on it and on the emo-society, as science shows that doing several of them, this means that you are handling tions and sensations that it causes whenthings at once distracts the brain and the situation in a way that is off-balance. It other thoughts arise; and when they do, ifmakes it less efficient. But this is not all. is one thing is to believe that that we, they are not helpful, let them go and refo-Psychology adds, for example, that doing alone, are enough. This is helpful when it cus on the task at hand. Try applyingseveral things while taking away a responsi- comes to teaching ourselves things or to these recommendations to your family,bility from a partner is not always helpful, being disciplined, but this morphs into work, academic and personal life. HAVE FUN WITH WHAT YOU DO In order to get off the highway to stress, our psychologist offers a few recommendations when there are several responsibilities to handle.1 3Set aside time to do fun activities that Prioritizing is key in order to give your grea- compensate for your mental exertion. test effort to the projects that demand the most responsibility and energy.2 Learn to ask for help, delegate and 4 Resting improves your concentration. believe that others can be committed This is not just about sleeping, it’s also about doing these tasks. about taking short breaks. 19

WCOITNH TYUOMURUNWDOORLD( ) )trendsTO YOURFROM THE SUPERMARKETREFRIGERATORChoosing the right place to store yourfood is key to preserving its shelf life andthe quality of its nutrients.ADVISOR ELIZABETH OCAMPO BUSTAMANTE - Food EngineerEach food group has its own lled; this helps prevent bacteria from place in the fridge, not just spreading, and food from becoming because of its composition and contaminated or spoiling. One tip isnutritional properties, but because to keep track of expiration dates inof how long it can last before it needs order to eat foods that are about toto be eaten. It is also important to expire first. Categorized by foodmaintain good food storage hygiene group, the following are a fewand clean every time a liquid is spi- recommendations: TAKE NOTE ► Place those foods with the longest shelf lives – such as a sau- ces, jams and salad dressings – inside your refrigerator door; their preservatives prevent them from being compromised by the opening and closing of the fridge door. ► Storing bread in the refrigerator can increase its shelf life. ► Eggs can be stored in the fridge. When they are stored outside the fridge, they tend to lose their freshness and nutritional properties. ► Cooked rice should always be refrigerated. ► Avoid storing foods in aluminum containers. This material relea- ses chemical substances that make food spoil more easily. ► Mushrooms are highly perishable and despite the fact that they are purchased in a protective packaging, it is important to protect them from the light of the refrigerator by wrapping the recipient they are in with a paper towel.20

PROTEINS ( )CON TU MUNDO► Proteins should be frozen if they are not going to be eaten 21 immediately. They can last in the freezer for up to a month and a half, as the cold chain prevents microbial growth.► If they will be consumed in under 48 hours, they can be sto- red in the refrigerator. Fish and seafood can be refrigerated for no longer than 24 hours due to how fast they decompose.HOW TO STORE PROTEINS► Keep proteins separate from each other (chicken, beef, pork, fish and seafood) and store them in airtight contai- ners to avoid contamination and prevent their liquids from mixing. In order to make their thawing process easier, keep them frozen in portions. Label each recipient with the pur- chase date of the protein in order to consume it accordin- gly and to prevent it from losing its properties.DAIRY PRODUCTSDairy products should be stored at the top part of the refrigeratorclosest to the source of cold, as humidity causes them to spoil.Milks and dairy products with a high fat content can be frozen.PROCESSED MEATSProcessed meats should generally be placed in a top com-partment in the fridge, where it is coldest. Store them separa-tely to prevent them from becoming contaminated.FRUITS AND VEGETABLES► If you are going to store fruits and vegetables in the freezer, do so for no longer than one month, as they may undergo a loss of vitamin C, color, flavor and texture in this part of the fridge.► If you are going to eat them soon, store them towards the back of the refrigerator where it is not too cold in order to prevent them from oxidizing and changing color.STORAGE TIPS► Make sure fruits and vegetables are well washed and disinfec- ted when you store them. Only water is necessary to do so.► Leafy vegetables should be wrapped in paper towels, sto- red inside a plastic bag and placed in the lower part of the fridge. Put the vegetables and fruits that perish most quickly towards the front of the fridge.

( )CON TU MUNDOBODYA SMOKE-FREEWhen you stop smoking, the body gradually detoxifies itselffrom the chemicals in the cigarette. Over time, your heart,lungs and skin benefit from this, improving your quality of life. MEDICAL ADVISOR CLARA INÉS MANRIQUE - Toxicologist from Universidad CES 2 WEEKS The skin begins to recover the elasticity and moisture that it lost due to smoking. The nails also return to their natural color. 4 DAYS Nicotine and its derivatives are completely eliminated from the body. Other compounds such as tar that are built up in the lungs may take years to go away. 24 HOURS The levels of carbon monoxide in the lungs are reduced, which increases the amount of oxygen in the blood. The body begins to recover its sense of smell, and food tastes better.22

( )CON TU MUNDODEALING WITH WITHDRAWALSWhen people stop smoking, they generally experience withdrawals which is why family support is so importantto cope with quitting – and if necessary – a specialized team. During this process, the individual experiencescognitive changes. Because nicotine is a stimulant for the nervous system, quitting affects people’s memoriesand capacity to pay attention. This makes people more sensitive as they begin to experience irritability, anxietyand begin to lose interest in things. It also affects their bodies as they undergo digestive changes that causeconstipation or diarrhea. This phase lasts between 4 to 6 months. After this period is over, however, willpoweris an essential part of not relapsing, which is why setting a date to quit and making an action plan are measuresthat can help you to leave this habit behind. Give yourself this opportunity! 3 TO 5 YEARS AFTER QUI- 3 MONTHS TTING THIS HABIT, THE Lung function improves and there is a BODY RETURNS TO THE decrease in coughing, nasal congestion, STATE OF SOMEONE WHO HAS NEVER fatigue and shortness of breath. SMOKED.THE BODY’S 1 YEARRECOVERY The risk of cardiovascular disease andPROCESS stroke decreases by up to 50% and continues to decrease over time. 10 YEARS The risk of lung cancer is reduced by 30% to 50% and the chance of developing other cancers decreases such as mouth, throat, esophagus, bladder, kidney and pancreas cancer. 23

( )CON TU MUNDO UN MÉDICO QUE VIAJA CONTIGO Tu asistencia en viajes de Coomeva Medicina Prepagada, a través de Assist Card, te brinda TELEMED: un servicio de consulta médica a través de videollamada en la App, sin pago deducible e ilimitado. Para utilizarlo, sigue estos pasos:Descarga la App de Assist Card Regístrate a través de tu perfil en Ingresa tu País de residencia En caso de tener un Voucheren Apple Store o Google Play. Facebook, Gmail u otras opciones. y Documento de identidad activo, haz clic en No soy Cliente, o número de Voucher. permitiéndote continuar con el proceso. Ingresa tus datos personales para Haz clic en la opción Si necesitas asistencia médica, podrás ser Si presionas NO, podrásfinalizar el proceso de identificación. que más desees. atendido por un médico mediante autogestionar la atención o Chatear con un operador. videoconferencia a través de TELEMED. La App de Assist Card también tiene otros beneficios como: Sitios de interés cercanos que puedes Herramientas de viaje. Convertidor de monedas. visitar en el destino que te encuentres. ¡Y mucho más!24 TELEMED es ilimitado y sin costo. El servicio de Assist Card es exclusivo de los programas Oro Plus, Oro, Plata Joven y Asociado de Coomeva Medicina Prepagada. *Si se solicita el servicio presencial, se podrá cobrar un deducible de 100 USD después del segundo mes de consulta.Aplican condiciones. Para más información comunícate a la línea 01 800 118 555.

)WITH YOUR BODY ( )CON TU CUERPO2.500TIMES, ON AVERAGE, ISHOW OFTEN A PERSONSWALLOWS. ACCORDINGTO THE UNIVERSITY OFCHILE HOSPITAL CLINIC,PEOPLE SWALLOW EVENWHEN THEY ARE ASLEEP.GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE (GERD), COMMONLYKNOWN AS ACID REFLUX, OCCURS WHEN THE LIQUID FROMYOUR STOMACH MOVES BACK UP YOUR ESOPHAGUS OR NEARBYORGANS, CAUSING DISCOMFORT OR COMPLICATIONS.IT AFFECTS YOUR QUALITY OF LIFE HOW TO PREVENT IT TREAT IT ON TIMESome of its symptoms include: a burning Ways to prevent the onset of acid reflux See a specialist to avoid persistent irrita-sensation (heartburn) that moves from your include not smoking or eating several minu- tion in the throat and vocal cords, chro-stomach up through your pharynx, the urge tes before you go to bed, taking step to nic bronchitis, laryngeal spasms, or aspi-to regurgitate or expel food without vomi- avoid obesity, and reducing your consump- ration pneumonia.ting, nausea and general discomfort. tion of alcoholic beverages. 25

WCOITNH TYUOCUUREBROPDOY( )little giants ATETACHHINOG MSELEF-CARE Teach your children healthy habits and give them guidelines without scolding and by setting a good example so they can develop their own routines for self-care. MEDICAL ADVISOR MANUEL ALONSO ALEJO Pediatrician, practitioner at Coomeva Private Healthcare Children that learn about ce these habits at home,” states self-care have the ability to Manuel Alonso Alejo, pediatrician. stay away from situations that compromise their physical During this process, it is impor- integrity, know how to stay away tant not to debate, judge, scold or from people that can harm them, punish children for not practicing have proper emotional deve- these habits, as this is a phase that lopment and good self-esteem, generally lasts all throughout and are raised with a strong sense childhood. “Give them explanations of human values as a reference using few words and clear, simple point for how to act and behave. and short instructions as to why it is important to be aware of these Instilling the importance of self- norms,” adds Dr. Alejo. care in children is therefore one of the main tasks of parents during the Our doctor recommends begin- first years of their children’s lives. ning to teach the importance of self- Parents are the first people to set an care when children are newborns, a example for them, as the norms and stage in which schedules and eating, behaviors they have in regard to self- sleeping and bathing routines beco- care is taught through healthy practi- me ingrained “so that these beha- ces and repetition. viors become rooted in their perso- nality and part of their lifestyle,” he “Remember that words can only states. It is also suggested to reinfor- do so much. It’s not enough to tell ce this reasoning when children are your child to wash their hands, between three and four and when brush their teeth, eat vegetables or play sports. Parents must also practi- •they become school-age so that they can develop their own routines26

( )CON TU CUERPOHABITS THAT LAST A LIFETIME► Washing your hands: Handwashing is tions are as follows: between 0 and 3 PARENTS AS recommended every time a child eats, goes months, 800 ml; at 6 months, 1,000 ml; VALIDATORS to the bathroom, plays outside or plays and age one, 1,300 ml. with a pet. Use soap and rinse for a maxi- ► Playing sports: Any sports activity will pre- 1 As a parent, be consistent with mum of one minute in order to save water. vent children from being physically inactive what you say and do. and is therefore good risk prevention for► Brushing your teeth: Do this three being overweight or obese. Sports are also Do not punish children for not doing times a day: after breakfast, lunch and beneficial to their social relationships and dinner. Brush gently from top to to them learning how to follow rules. 2 an activity such as brushing their bottom to avoid damaging your gums. Encourage them to do things that make teeth or washing their hands. Keep Provide the child with a non-fluoride them feel good about themselves such as in mind that these habits should be toothpaste and when parents inspect art, sports, music or dance. taught without punishments. their brushing, they should use fluoride ► Not playing with kitchen equipment: toothpaste. The proper dosage of this When not handled properly, knives, forks, 3 Do not reward children when they mineral is important and should be plates, cups, and mugs, among other items, practice self-care correctly, as the applied according to a doctor’s recom- can cause cuts or lacerations. Any contact child may value the prize more mendations. with stoves or appliances in general should than the habit. also be avoided.► Eating fruits and vegetables: These ► Being careful around the stairs: 4 Do not take authority away from a foods provide the body with vitamins, Children should go down the stairs slowly, caretaker or babysitter, especially minerals and antioxidants; nutrients that step by step, using the wall or a handrail if they want to teach children are essential for children’s bodies to as support and without jumping. If the other practices. This instills a lack function properly. These foods are also child cannot yet walk, they should use the of trust and insecurity in children. high in fiber, water and are low in fat. stairs from a seated position. Teach children to choose healthy foods ► Respecting your body: Teach them that 5 Explain tasks involving personal care when going shopping and provide them every organ is valuable and that only they to children in a simple and clear with several meal options. can touch and care for their body. Use the way, avoiding complicated explana- proper terminology to talk about body tions and rhetoric.► Drinking water: Because they are more parts with them and help them to detect likely to become dehydrated due to how the warning signs their mind and body 27 physically active they are, children gives them when they are not well. should drink an average of 2.5 liters (10.5 cups) of water a day, at minimum. With younger children, the suggested propor-

WCOITNH TYUOCUUREBROPDOY( )beforeAS ESSENTIAL ASDRINKING WATERWater regulates your body temperature, leaves yourskin smooth and helps keep your joints lubricated. MEDICAL ADVISOR MAURICIO QUINTERO - Internal Medicine PhysicianSome common signs of dehydration include urinating less body’s mechanism for inducing a physiological response to drink frequently than normal, having dry skin, being fatigued something.” After evaluating the body’s osmolality (fluid level), the or dizzy, fainting or being thirsty. These signs should not hypothalamus in the brain is what triggers this need.be ignored as they are indicators that the body’s liquids needto be replaced to prevent an emergency, which may have been The most common causes of dehydration in children are dia-depleted for several reasons. rrhea and intense vomiting. In contrast, while the elderly may have more water in their bodies, they may have diseases or take The fact that 70% of our body is water, is a clear enough indi- medications that can increase their risk for dehydration.cator to show how important the regular consumption of liquidsis in order for the body to function. The recommended daily IT’S NOT JUST ABOUT WATERamount is eight glasses. If it is hot outside, if you are exposed to In regard to drinks with added sugar such as soda or juice, Dr.the sun or do regular exercise, you are likely to need more waterthan eight glasses due to the fact that the body undergoes homeos- Quintero suggests that in general, these beverages do not pose atasis (how the body regulates itself) for the activity it performs. problem. “It all depends on how much energy you use. If the per- son is sedentary and consumes a lot of sugar, this will affect their Mauricio Quintero, internal medicine physician and epidemio- glycemic index and it will be stored in their body. In contrast, iflogist, explains the following benefits of being hydrated: it aids in the person does exercise, the body will use these calories andkidney function (which help to eliminate waste through the urine), their reserves,” the doctor adds.it brings oxygen to brain cells, it aids in digestion and in absorbingnutrients, maintains blood pressure within healthy limits, protects While water is the main source for hydrating the body,the joints, keeps you flexible, keeps your skin smooth and main- other beverages that contain water are also acceptable as longtains its color, and regulates overall body temperature by dissipating as they do not affect your metabolic equilibrium such as tea,its heat. With body temperature, Dr. Quintero explains that each soup, broth, juice or nonalcoholic beverages. Fruits and vege-person’s cooling system is different, “Thirst, for example, is the •tables have a high concentration of water, which is also why it is important to increase their consumption28

( )CON TU CUERPOLEARN ABOUTTHIS VITAL LIQUIDThe Natural Hydration Council, a not-for-profit organi-zation based out of the United Kingdom, is dedicated toresearching and spreading information about healthyhydration. It offers a few quick facts about water:► Water helps control our body temperature and trans- ports waste from our main organs. Not having enough of this vital liquid in the body can cause headaches, constipation or a lack of concentration in children.► Water is found in all beverages and foods, even in foods such as cheese.► A person can survive about 50 days without eating solid food, but just a few days without drinking water.► In order for children to enjoy this beverage more, try adding ice, pieces of fruit or using biodegradable straws in different shapes and colors. 29

( )CON TU CUERPO10 HEART-HEALTHY FOODSOATMEALThis grain is rich in pro-These are rich in antioxi-Turmeric, one of the GREEN TE5A AVOCADOGreen tea is healthyThis fruit is rich in dants (phytosterols), vitamin ingredients in curry, has monounsaturated fattytein and polyunsatura-E, fatty acids and omega 3,strong anti-inflammatory because it reduces the acids, which lower “bad”ted fats (a healthy typeall of which are essential forproperties and can risk of developing coro- cholesterol (LDL) andof dietary fat) which,neural function and forreduce the risk of car- nary heart disease by increase good choleste- reducing the risk of heart diac hypertrophy (an rol (HDL). It is also a1when consumed daily, 410% due to its antioxi- good source of vitamin E and potassium, whichlowers cholesterol and helps lower bloodimproves your bowel pressure, one of the main factors that contri-NUTS CURRYfunction due to its high bute to cardiovascular risk, heart attacks andfiber content. It is also a dant qualities. kidney failure.3good source of Beta-glucans (soluble fiber)which helps to absorbcholesterol and the bile2acids in the intestine.Recommended disease. Recommended enlarged heart). Recommended Recommended amount:amount: 3 tablespoons amount: 30 g. Consume daily. amount: 1 cup half a small avocado A FEW ► Cholesterol: A waxy substance similar to transports cholesterol from other parts DEFINITIONS the fat found in all the cells of the body. of the body to the liver and then elimina- tes it; bad cholesterol (LDL) has a high It produces hormones, vitamin D and level of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) substances that help digest food. There that builds up in the arteries. are two types: Good cholesterol (HDL)30

( )WCIOTHN YTOUUCRUBEORPDOY gonnaattuurraal lTo keep this vital organ functioning properly, there areseveral food options to include in your daily diet. MEDICAL The function of the heart is to keep regular exercise, managing stress and leading ADVISOR the body moving by pumping blood a balanced diet with foods that keep it func- constantly throughout it, making it tioning well. Nutritionist Amida Carvajal has AMIDA possible to keep a person alive. selected 10 foods to eat on a daily basis, CARVAJAL Because it is such a vital organ, it is impor- •which due to their properties, will help keep Clinical tant to keep your heart healthy by practicingNutritionist & this organ functioning properly Dietitian OVILRIGVIENOILThis is a healthy fat. It FISH TOMATOFish such as salmon, tunaThis vegetable is rich in RGERDAPWEISN/EThe consumption of theseEspecially chocolate lycopene, a carotenoid that is made with 70% contains monounsatura- and trout are especially with antioxidant proper- products has been con- cacao. The flavonoids ted fatty acids such as heart-healthy because ties that become stron- from the family of oleic, is rich in vitamin E they are rich in omega 3, ger when cooked. Some DARK CHO-nected to a lower risk of polyphenols that choco- and contains hydro- studies have connected COLATEchronic heart disease and late contains help lower xytyrosol, an antioxidant 7which acts as an anti- tomatoes with helping blood pressure and that is good for your car- to reduce cholesterol cancer. They contain blood lipid profile (cho- diovascular health as it inflammatory and antioxi- levels in the blood. It is phytochemical com- lesterol and triglyceri- prevents fat oxidization dant. These protect your also anti-inflammatory des), contributing to heart health and reduce and has an antithrom- 9pounds (which means maintaining healthy car-6and helps reduce “bad” the risk of death related botic effect. diovascular health. cholesterol (LDL). to heart disease. Eat on a daily basis. they are produced by Recommended amount: Recommended amount: Recommended amount: plants) such as resvera- 2 tablespoons Consume at least 3 trol, which lowers “bad” cholesterol (LDL). The 8times a week polyphenols and antioxi- dants found in wine improve circulation and slow the aging process. Recommended amount: 101 glass for women and 2 glasses for men 1 cup of hot chocolate► Monounsaturated fatty acids: A type of substance that is mostly found in plants, properties. fat and energy source for the nervous sys- ► Flavonoids: Constituent compounds including carrots, dark green leafy vegeta- tem. These are anti-inflammatory and pro- of the non-energetic part of the bles and in many fruits, grains and oils. human diet. They are found in vegeta- tect against different types of cancer. ► Polyphenols: A substance produced► Carotenoid: Is a yellow, red or orange bles, seeds and fruits. by plants that contains antioxidant 31

( )CON TU CUERPO FOCUS ON THE COLONAlso called the large intestine, the colon( )is a long, hollow tube located at the end of the digestive system. It is where the body produces and stores waste (feces). MEDICAL ADVISOR PABLO HENRIQUE ALEMÁN OCHOA Internal Medicine Physician, practitioner at Coomeva Private Healthcare Learn more about the colon at Revistasaludcoomeva.co.32

( )WCIOTHNYTOUUCRUBEORPDOY focus onOf every 10 people, between 5 and 7 will experience a pounded by risk factors that affect how this organ functions, colon condition at some point in their lives. As Dr. causing problems ranging from constipation, diarrhea and Pablo Alemán explains, “Colon conditions are very cramping to diseases such as polyps, colitis or colorectal cancer.common and have a long history, as the inflammation of this By remedying these external causes, it is possible to treat andorgan is associated with a person’s emotions. The colon is the prevent complications in order to keep the ability to digest fromcenter of our emotions and is affected when someone feels deteriorating, allowing the digestive tract to transform food intoanxiety, worried, sadness or anger – manifesting in constipation, smaller and more simple substances that can reach the organspain, bloating, loose bowels or diarrhea.” The fast pace of and bring them nutrients. The main function of the large intes-modern life – which often involves an unbalances and exaggera-ted diet, stress, a lack of time and poor sleep hygiene – is com- •tine (colon) is to transport food waste, reabsorb the water this produces and eliminate them from the body as fecesGET TO KNOW 5YOUR BODY TO 10 TIMES, ON AVERAGE, ISIn general, the foods that the body is most into- HOW MANY TIMES YOUlerant to are legumes, cabbage and dairy pro-ducts as well as certain irritants such as bell SHOULD CHEW BEFORE SWA-peppers, hot peppers or tomatoes. Sensitivity LLOWING IN ORDER FORto these foods, however, depends on each per-son’s body. One recommendation is to take the YOUR SALIVA TO BEGIN THEtime to eat or drink a small snack that isn’t too DIGESTIVE PROCESS.cold in order to aid in your digestion. CONDITIONS 10 AND EXAMS TO 20% OF THE WORLD’S Irritable bowel syndrome is a chronic conditionPOPULATION SUFFERS FROM consisting of both extremely symptomatic and asymptomatic periods. Its warning signs include IRRITABLE BOWEL abdominal pain, constipation, bloating, flatulence SYNDROME, THE MOST and changes in bowel movements. It can also cause polyps, ulcerative colitis and diverticulosis. COMMON COLON The treating physician will recommend the treat- CONDITION. ments that patients should follow.TIPS FOR A 1,5HEALTHY COLON TO 2 LITERS OF WATER IS THE► When eating, try to eat enough without getting full. RECOMMENDED AMOUNT YOU Being full increases the load on the digestive tract, causing indigestion. SHOULD DRINK A DAY FOR A HEALTHY BOWEL TRANSIT.► The warning signs that somebody is suffering from a colon condition and should seek treatment include weight loss, a lack of bowel movements, blood in the stool or unexplained anemia.► Take time to go to the bathroom to avoid fissures, hemorrhoids or pain when making a bowel movement. 33

WCOITNH TYUOCUUREBROPDOY( )xx--rraayy THE GALLBLADDER Similar to a small pear-shaped sac, this organ is located below the liver. It is what holds bile, the liquid responsible for digesting fats so 5 they can be absorbed by the body. PREVENTION AND CARE TO 7 CM IS HOW LONG THE GALLBLADDER IS. If a patient has gallstones that are WHILE THIS HOLLOW causing persistent pain, a schedu- ORGAN IS USEFUL TO THE BODY, HUMANS led or emergency surgery may be CAN EASILY ADAPT necessary. Emergency surgery is WITHOUT IT. necessary when, in addition to the pain they cause, gallstones obs- truct the flow of bile through the bile ducts, causing jaundice (yellowing of the skin). Preventative checkups are essen- tial to detecting them early. RULE OUT OTHER 40 SYMPTOMS YEARS IS THE MOST Some of the most common warning COMMON AGE IN signs that this organ is not well include nausea, intolerance to certain foods, WHICH GALLSTONES bloating, reflux, and pain on your right APPEAR IN WOMEN, side under your ribs. Certain condi- ESPECIALLY THOSE tions, however, can cause the same WHO HAVE CHILDREN symptoms such as gastritis, colon AND ARE OVERWEIGHT. problems and kidney stones. An ultrasound of the liver and MEDICAL ADVISOR bile ducts will determine if MATTY BARRAGÁN there are stones or General Physician, practitioner at Coomeva biliary sludge (depo- Private Healthcare sits at the bottom of the (KEEP IN MIND) gallbladder). The gallbladder can be removed It is helpful to eat light and avoid any Other conditions associated with the laparoscopically by making an inci- exerting yourself the week following gallbladder are polyps (extra internal sion in the abdominal wall. This is a surgery. After the first week, you can tissue), cholecystitis (inflammations) and, return to your daily diet and activities. to a lesser extent, gallbladder cancer. low-risk technique34

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WCOITNH TYUOCUUREBROPDOY( )for your smile SALIVA: YOU EVEN NEED IT TO TALK Without this fluid, it would be difficult to eat and taste food. MEDICAL ADVISOR JUAN MANUEL CÁRDENAS VÁSQUEZ General and Pediatric Dentist36

( )CON TU CUERPO SALIVA AND YOUR PH Some people are more likely to have cavities due to the fact that their saliva is more acidic. In these cases, it is important to be more careful about foods that can cause heartburn. It is especially important to maintain good oral hygiene, which can be complemented with fluoride mouthwash. 95 % THE MANY FUNCTIONS OF SALIVA OF SALIVA IS WATER. SALIVA ALSO CONTAINS PHOSPHATE, ► Helps lubricate: Saliva not only permeates the teeth and soft BICARBONATE AND ENZYMES tissues, it also permeates the airways. Lubrication facilitates speaking and pronouncing, as it keeps the tongue hydrated WHICH ALLOW IT TO PER- as well as all the components that are involved in speaking. FORM ITS FUNC- TIONS. ► Facilitates eating: In your digestion, it helps form the alimen- tary bolus, making it easy to swallow. In taste, it makes possi-Humans produce between one and two liters of saliva a day ble to differentiate the taste of the food. naturally. This amount can vary depending on a person’s diet, whether they take medication, suffer from certain ► Is antimicrobial: Because of the immunoglobulin and pro-diseases, and whether they consume, smell or see different foods. teins it contains, saliva protects the body from bacteria inSaliva is an essential in order for the oral cavity to function pro- order to prevent infections. When you have little saliva, youperty. Some of its main functions includes moistening food in are more likely to contract infections. This dryness alsoorder to ease digestion, helping the tongue taste different flavors, affects your teeth because it contributes to a greater riskbreaking down food and cleaning the inside of the mouth. of cavities as a result of dental plaque, where microorga- nisms can build up and destroy enamel. Saliva helps regula- Saliva is produced constantly in the minor salivary glands te certain elements that attack these bacteria.such as the labial, buccal, palatal or lingual glands and it is pro-duced in abundance in the major glands such as the parotid ► Protects enamel: Each layer of your teeth is covered by cal-(inner part of the cheeks), submaxillary and sublingual glands. cium, which is exposed to your saliva. As Dr. Cárdenas affirms, “When you eat sweets, due to the gastric juices that According to Dr. Juan Manuel Cárdenas Vásquez, general sugar produces, saliva becomes acidic, causing you to loseand pediatric dentist, this fluid consists of water as well as a num- minerals which breaks down tooth enamel. You can protectber of minerals that are vital to maintaining a person’s oral eco- your enamel if your pH is basic.”logy, where different anatomic and physical structures interact. ► Keeps halitosis under control: Sometimes, bad breath is cau-•Read on to learn more about its many benefits sed by dryness in the oral cavity. For example, this can happen with people that breathe through their mouth or have certain conditions. Bad breath can also be a side effect of a medical treatment. 37





( )CON TU CUERPO HAEBRAOKRENT40

( )CWOITNHTYUOCUUREBROPDOY keep in mindIn the 1990s a new syndrome was diagnosedand was given the name Takotsubo (brokenheart), acute heart failure after hearingabout unexpected event.MEDICAL ADVISOR SEBASTIÁN NARANJO - CardiologistIn the 1990s, a group of physicians cholamines, substances similar to adrena- from Japan gave the name line, which in very high doses, have a toxic “Takotsubo” to an unknown syndro- effect on the heart. “There is still littleme in which a patient experiences acute known about this condition. The coro-reversible heart failure after hearing about nary arteries contract, which prevents theintense, sad or even happy news or events. heart from getting enough blood. It is then interrupted and heart failure This name was inspired by Japanese cul- occurs,” Dr. Naranjo explains.ture. In Japan, fishermen used to throwsmall fishing pots into the sea. Then they The symptoms of this condition are simi-would collect them with their nets and sys- lar to those of a heart attack, but its conse-tems and, inside these pots, octopus were quences are less serious, such as feeling illusually found in the shape of the pot. The and experiencing chest pain, back pain,doctors decided to adopt this word due to breathlessness and dizziness, among others.how similar the octopus was to the shapethe human heart takes after being exposed According to recent studies published byto intense emotional circumstances. Harvard Medical School, about 90% of patients that experience this condition are Later, other people named this syndro- women who have entered menopause. Thisme the “broken-heart syndrome,” because is related to the decrease of estrogen in thein our culture it is believed that this body, which could have a direct effect onorgan, a frequently referenced image, the heart, such as with this condition.breaks after hearing shocking events ornews that are usually sad in nature. As the doctor explains, regions such as the United States report 50,000 episodes ofWOMEN ARE MOST AFFECTED this condition a year; and in approximatelyCardiologist Sebastián Naranjo explains 30% to 35% of these cases analyzed, a spe-that, in clinical terms, this syndrome is cific factor that caused the event was notknown as stress-induced cardiomyopathy. found. A great majority of cases occurs inThis is when the heart fails due to a patients who are hospitalized and in ano-sudden release of large amounts of cate- ther large percentage of the population, they are attributed to environmental 41

( )CON TU CUERPOtriggers: tragedies such as earthquakes or up to 6 and 12 months afterwards.tsunamis, receiving bad news, learning As with other heart conditions, theabout the death of a loved one, experien-cing something that is extremely upsetting recommendation is to reduce the risk fac-or having a strong argument with someone. tors that affect the heart such as smoking, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, dia- Treatment depends on the specific betes, physical inactivity and obesity.conditions of each person. Generally,however, the condition is treated with Other ways of preventing it includemedications and people often recover learning healthy ways to deal with stressabout 12 weeks after the episode; through special classes, recreational pro-although changes may occur in the body grams, meditation or yoga, and by limi- ting alcohol consumption. 50 YEARS AND OVER IS THE AGE IN WHICH THIS HEART CONDITION IS MOST COMMON. TREAT THE WARNING SIGNS ON TIME The Spanish Cardiology Society explains the most common underlying situations that are behind this diagnosis: WHAT HAPPENS Adrenaline and other catecholamines are substances that illicit respon- ses in the body that are designed to produce symptoms such as dilated pupils, an increased respiratory rate, the narrowing of coronary arteries, perspiration or a rise in blood pressure. In the heart, these responses increase the heart rate and make the heart contract harder than nor- mal. The problem occurs when high levels of these substances cause damage to the heart muscle, which is generally temporary. CONFUSING SYMPTOMS Since patients with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy experience symptoms similar to those of a myocardial infarction, and because the symptoms that appear in the electrocardiogram and in the heart ultrasound are similar to those of patients with acute myocardial infarctions, initial assessments are commonly erroneous.42

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WCOITNH TYUOCUUREBROPDOY( )current livingTHE MORE YOU KNOWHOPE FOR AIDSEach year, December 1 marks World AIDS that after the procedure, this virus was unde-Day, a day for teaching about HIV and tectable in patients’ blood and tissues. Oneincreasing the understanding of it as a public of the patients proved not to even have anti-health problem. This day is important for bodies, which means that the virus may haverecognizing the progress that has been made been eliminated from the patient’s body.in treating AIDS. One of these recognitions As researcher María Salgado explains, thegoes to scientists from the IrsiCaixa article’s co-author, the reason why drugsResearch Institute in Barcelona and scientists cannot currently cure HIV infections isfrom the Gregorio Marañón Hospital in because the viral reserve of the infectedMadrid. These scientists recently made the cells remains in a dormant state and cannotHIV virus undetectable in the blood and be detected or destroyed by the immunetissues of six HIV positive patients after system. This study therefore uncovers cer-receiving stem cell transplants from umbilical tain aspects of stem cell transplants that maycords and bone marrow. contribute to designing new treatments toThis study, published by the journal Annals cure AIDS. Until now, stem cell transplantsof Internal Medicine, a journal of the have only been recommended to treatAmerican College of Physicians, confirmed serious hematological diseases. SELF-CARE AND 4 SLOWING THE AGING PROCESS OF 5 COLOMBIANS THAT SUFFER FROM THYROID CANCER ARE According to the National Center for WOMEN ACCORDING TO THE Oncological Research in Spain, losing the abi- INTERNATIONAL AGENCY FOR lity to renew cells, losing control of metabo- RESEARCH ON CANCER. lism and damaged DNA are signs of aging in mammals, including humans. As this institu- tion indicates, while aging is inevitable, it is possible to slow delay the degenerative pro- cess and age-related diseases by practicing a healthy lifestyle.TAKING ACTION BEFORE (KEEP IN MIND )IT’S TOO LATE IS KEY! Parents and teachers must pay atten-Ischemic stroke occurs when a blood vessel in tion to children’s hearing throughoutthe brain becomes blocked; it is also the mostcommon type of stroke (accounting for 85% of their childhood in order to detectcases). Time is essential when it comes to trea- hearing problems on time.ting it, because every minute without bloodflow affects millions of neurons, states theColombian Neurology Association.44

CON TU MENTE ( ))WITH YOUR MIND GETTING OVER A BREAKUP IS ANO- THER WAY OF TAKING CARE OF YOUR MENTAL AND EMOTIONAL HEALTH. MOVE ON It is important not to blame yourself and to try to pick up habits that you had left behind such as sports or spending time with friends and family. TAKE STEPS TO BE ACTIVE Thinking about what happened is okay, but don’t let it become an obsession. This is an opportunity to start a new book, go to the movies or start a project. TAKE A BREAK Anxiety and confusion dominate during a breakup, which is why it can be challenging to not make rash decisions.16 TO 23 YEARS OF AGE IS THE RANGE IN WHICH OUR BODIES RELEASE THE MOST DOPAMINE AND IS WHEN FALLING IN LOVE IS THE MOST INTENSE, ACCORDING TO THE RAMÓN DE LA FUENTE MUÑIZ NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF PSYCHIATRY. 45

( )CON TU MENTE MORE TRHEADAINNG: CHILD’S PLAY ADVISOR ROSA JULIA GUZMÁN RODRÍGUEZ - Educator Reading stimulates brain activity, strengthens neural connections and provides different ways of seeing and understanding the world.46

(( )WCITOHNYOTUURMMENINTDE your generationReading increases the brain’s response (According to the Colombian time. When you read, you force your Neurology Association, reading, especia- brain to think, to organize your lly fiction stories, helps to reduce stressthoughts, connect words, work your and sleep disorders.memory and let your imagination run free.While this is one of the most difficult skills HOW TO DETECT REA-to learn, it is also one of the most necessary, DING COMPREHEN-as it is a key aspect of fine-tuning reading SION PROBLEMS.comprehension. Children form this habit CHILDREN MAY:throughout their childhood, but it is notuntil adolescence when this cognitive pro- ► Read slowlycess becomes fully developed. ► Skip over words ► Replace terms for others with a diffe- As the educator Rosa Julia Guzmánexplains, reading “increases vocabulary rent meaningand provides resources for oral and wri- ► Have a poor vocabularytten expression that allow children and ► Have poor spellingadolescents to strengthen their argumen- ► Write poorly in a way that is not coherenttative skills.” As Guzmán indicates, rea- ► Have poor intonation when they readding comprehension helps with attaining ► Have difficulties making inferences andgeneral knowledge. This helps youth, forexample, to establish social relationships taking a position about what they readthrough actual conversations on topics oftheir interest such as music, sports,technology, fashion and film. As for the main appeals and tools avai-lable today for experiencing reading, thecuriosity and desire to learn about othercustoms and about travel stand out. “They may find the answers to whatthey want to know in literature or in othertexts; whether they are about the musicthey listen to, situations of daily life orissues specific to their age group,” she adds. Other alternatives to picking up thishabit can be found in technology, especia-lly with the internet as they searchthrough the media outlets that interestthem, read their favorite books through e-books or download apps. As Guzmán concludes, “Other usefulsources for strengthening this processinclude school libraries, Google searchesand even video games, especially thosethat involve using strategies.” 47

WCOITNH TYUOMURENMTINED( ))your generation GET HOOKED ON READING PRACTICE REASO- NING SKILLS 1 Complement reading with films and plays to strengthen comprehension. ► Have students comment about a reading with teachers, friends or classmates. 2 Identify what topics students get excited about reading and what topics spark their interest for developing this ► Hold debates in small groups on current habit, which will be with them the rest of their lives. issues that are of interest to them. 3 Choose comfortable and quiet spaces for rea- ► Participate actively in film forums. ding time. It is important to have an ergonomic ► Summarize what is read in order to impro- posture for this activity. ve the reader’s ability to synthesize. If necessary, ask for an eye test or see a specialist to ► Think before you speak: Why am I saying 4 •identify potential cognitive or thought problems. this? Or what am I basing what I say on? 50 % IS HOW LIKELY YOU ARE TO PREVENT MEMORY LOSS IF YOU HAVE THE HABIT OF READING.48

( )CON TU MENTE 49

WCOITNH TYUOMURENMTIEND( ))grandparentsTWAKIINTGHMEODICUATTIONADVERSE EFFECTSAvoiding self-medication and remembering to takemedicines on the right day and at the right time isvital to the wellbeing of the elderly. MEDICAL ADVISORS Including taking medications as part of a medicine. This is why, when seeing their MARÍA FRANCISA ECHEVERRI daily routine is a common practice, doctor, the elderly should be sincere and tell especially among the elderly. According them what they consume, whether it is her- Geriatrician to the Colombian Ministry of Health, bal infusions or alcoholic beverages. Even SOL BEATRIZ GIL RUIZ 84.8% of the elderly population in certain foods can cause adverse effects.” Dr. Colombia suffers from more than one chro- Gil further explains that taking pills is Gerontologist nic health condition. This is why at this common practice for populations between stage of life, oral medications become an ages 60 and 65; however, this does not mean important part of improving the elderly’s that the population between ages 35 and 60 wellbeing and life expectancy. is exempt from taking medication. Some conditions that can occur in the SEVERAL FACTORS elderly include high blood pressure, arthri- In addition to self-medication, there is tis, diabetes, heart conditions, osteoporosis, and reduced visual and auditory acuity – not another situation that is important to be to mention mental illnesses such as depres- aware of: the course of treatment. This sion. In general, prescription medications refers to adhering to treatment without can keep these conditions under control interruptions, either due to forgetting or when treatment indications are followed. because of a conscious choice. As Sol Beatriz Gil Ruiz, gerontologist In either case, family plays an impor- rehabilitation counselor, explains, “After a tant role in not supporting or encoura- certain age, taking pills becomes a common ging the use of other medications, moni- practice. Problems arise with polypharmacy toring the doctor’s treatment instruc- or when pills are combined with alternative tions and seeing to it that medications medicine, as this form of medicine can are being taken throughout their prescri- increase or obstruct the effects of modern bed duration, especially when parents,50