Salud Coomeva Magazine - February - March 2017

COOMEVA MEDICINA PREPAGADAISSN 1692 - 5556 Febraury - March 2017 - Issue 133 ESPÍRITU Y 1 PERSEVERANCIA SPIRIT AND PERSEVERANCEwww.revistasaludcoomeva.com



Issue 133 THE NEW YEAR:February – March 2017 AN OPPORTUNITY TORevista Salud Founder TAKE BETTER CARE OFGilberto Lotero Muñoz (q.e.p.d.) YOUR HEALTHChairwoman of the BoardMaría Eugenia Pérez Zea Welcome to 2017! Let us welcome new challenges,Executive President Of the achievements and better habits that benefit ourCooperativo Coomeva Business Group physical, mental and emotional health. ThroughAlfredo Arana Velasco our health magazine, Revista Salud, Coomeva PrivateCEO Coomeva Sector Salud Healthcare would like to send you a warm greeting andGilberto Quinche Toro thank you for your commitment to us. We hope to be withPrepaid Medicine CEO you every step of the way and support the health care ofJorge Alberto Zapata Builes you and your family this new year.General Manager As we did in 2016, we continue to be committed to providingXiomara Iveth Campo you with relevant, updated, verified and useful information forEditorial Committee caring for your health, preventing disease and adopting heal-Pascual Estrada Garcés thy habits that improve all areas of your life.National Director of Prepaid In February, the world made a special call to cancer preven-Healthcare tion in general, and childhood cancer, in specific. Be aware ofHernán Darío Rodríguez the warning signs and take care of the health of adults andMEC National Director children through three main areas of protection: eat healthy,Blanca Inés Vélez be more active and be smoke-free. We are sure that withNational Director of Oral Health these three lifestyle choices, you can secure and improveJoas Benítez your health.Director of Epidemiology We would like to welcome the new year by wishing to be yourClaudia Patricia Erazo number one ally in your health care. We welcome you toAtención Sinergia Salud National attend our awareness and prevention seminars, make regularSecurity Chief medical checkups and we hope to guide you in adopting aBertha Lucía Varela Rojas healthy lifestyle.Jefe Nacional Auditoría Médica Have a happy and healthy new year!Martha Liliana CifuentesCoordinadora Nal. de Editorial and Graphic Direction, Magazine General Editor Journalists CommercializationRelacionamiento con Prestadores prepress and printing Paula Andrea Montoya T. Isabel Vallejo Jiménez El ColombianoClaudia Alexandra García El Colombiano Magazine Editor Cristina Calle Cali: 310 544 2354Coordinadora Nacional de Prestación Tel.: (4) 331 5252 Natalia Estefania Botero C. Ana María López de Mesa [email protected] Salud [email protected] Graphic Editor Daniela Granada Bogotá: (1)4156764 ext. 1504Juan Fernando Saavedra Hugo A. Vásquez E. María Isabel Abad Medellín: 312 202 7269National Director of Marketing and Design Andrés Velásquez [email protected] Catalina D’Amato Ingrid Cruz 313 570 7356Julián Villegas Luisa Fernanda Vélez Photography [email protected] Chief of Risk ShutterStock - CortesyManagement in HealthMauricio Castillo Pérez The contents of all Salud Coomeva Medicina Prepagada S.A. magazine articles are illustrative in nature and/or for general knowledge. In no case are theyInternational Business Manager meant to replace the advice or guidance of a physician. Readers shall not use this information in order to self-diagnose and/or perform an analysis, diagnosis orEditor treatment of a disease or health problem without consulting with a certified physician.Paula Lilián Henao Bermúdez The product and service offers made in the ads published in the Salud Coomeva Medicina Prepagada S.A. magazine are the sole responsibility of the adverti-Editorial Coordinator sers. Also, the company is not liable nor obligated to provide its affiliates the services, procedures or treatments described in the contents of articles that areEvelyn Catalina Morales Henao not included in the coverage offered by Coomeva Medicina Prepagada S.A., nor shall they be obligated to include them in their plans and services. All rightsCollaborators reserved. May not be reproduced in any form or system. © 2017Marco Emilio Ocampo OsorioÁlvaro DuránAna María Correa MontañoDavid Montes Canal 3

CONTENTSFebruary – March 2017 7 27 47 63 ( )WITH YOUR BODY ( ) ( )WITH YOUR MIND ( )CORPORATE WITH YOUR WORLD8 Especial 28 Trends 48 Little giants 64 A healthy mind La fe del Profe Routines for a Teaching good Positive thinking sigue intacta. healthy day manners never and wellbeing gets old14 Prevention 32 For her 68 Institutional Dealing with The thin line 52 Your generation Medical assistance arthritis of being curvy Deodorant or over the phone antiperspirant?18 Focus on 72 Services kidneys 36 Life today 56 Infographic Private healthcare Crossword puzzles for Common vision from your pocket20 X-ray exercising the mind conditions Childhood cancer 74 Directory 40 Couples 58 Trends Updated contact22 For your smile Staying united Home remedies information Don’t let asthma with children and expectorants affect your smile 44 Keep in mind 62 Games24 For him Crying, therapy for Colon cancer can shedding your sorrows be prevented4

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Rennuoevsatrmaos Coomeva Medicina Prepagada está en tu dispositivo móvil.APP móvil Descubre una forma más fácil de para facilitarte acceder a todos nuestros servicios. la vida Solicitar y consultar autorizaciones de órdenes médicas. Generar una copia del Estado de Cuenta. (Plan Familiar). Consulta del directorio médico y odontológico con georreferenciación, red de urgencias, red de oficinas, favoritos y formas de pago. Servicios especiales para usuarios de CEM. Para programar tu cita médica general. Línea 01 8000 para asesoría en nutrición y psicología. Información actualizada sobre números de atención de CEM.Cooperando es posible ¡Descárgala ya! Medicina Prepagada Nos facilita la vida

150 CON TU CUERPOMINUTES OF ( ))WITH YOUR BODYMODERATEPHYSICAL ACTIVITY MAKING EXERCISETHROUGHOUT THE PART OF YOURWEEK IS WHAT WHO DAILY LIFE ISRECOMMENDS POSSIBLE WITH SIMPLE ACTIVITIES TO HELP YOU AVOID PHYSICAL INACTIVITY. TAKE SHORT SESSIONS Exercising two or three times a day for 15 to 20 minutes can help com- pensate for the time spent sitting in a workday. CHANGE YOUR DAILY ROUTINE When possible, going to work on your bike or parking your car far from the office are ways to get your body moving. FIND OPPORTUNITIES TO WALK Stay active by using your lunchbreak to go on a walk or taking the stairs instead of the escalator. 7

( )CON TU CUERPO LA FE DEL PROFE SIGUE INTACTA THE CONVICTION OF COACH MONTOYA La condición médica de Luis Luis Fernando Montoya’s medical condition Fernando Montoya avanza continues to progress in a positive direction. His attitude and the support from his family positivamente. Han sido claves and from the staff of the Coomeva Private en el proceso su actitud y el Healthcare medical team have been apoyo familiar y profesional. fundamental to his recovery process.8

( )CON TU CUERPO especialHace 7 años, la Revista Salud Seven years ago, Revista Salud Coomeva Coomeva entrevistó al entrenador published an interview with Luis de fútbol antioqueño Luis Fernando Montoya Soto, the soccerFernando Montoya Soto, el profe Montoya. coach from the Department of Antioquia,Para entonces habían pasado 4 años desde el more commonly known as “Coach Montoya”,suceso que lo llevó a una silla de ruedas y por or el profe in Spanish. The coach of the Oncepoco le arrebata la vida. El director técnico Caldas soccer team, who showered Colombiadel Once Caldas, que vistió de gloria al país with the glory of the Copa Libertadores decon el trofeo de la Copa Libertadores de América trophy this year, has opened theAmérica, nuevamente nos abrió las puertas doors of his house once again to share thede su casa para contarnos detalles de su pro- details of his recovery process with us and toceso de recuperación y para abordar, desde discuss his take on different aspects of life.su perspectiva, diferentes temas de vida. Since the incident that injured his spinal Tras el incidente que afectó su médula cord, Montoya has physical therapy and respi-espinal, cada día el profe tiene terapia física ratory therapy sessions every day. These ses-y respiratoria en sesiones agotadoras que sions are often exhausting, but he willinglyasume con disposición y una gran sonrisa. takes them on with a big smile. “I tell people“Le digo a la gente que siempre hay motiva- that there is always a motivation behindciones para todo: grandes y chicas. Cuando everything: both the big and the small. Whenempecé a salir con Adriana, mi esposa, era I began to date my wife Adriana, it wouldfeliz porque la iba a ver. Y al otro día, por- make me happy to get to see her; and the nextque iba a bailar con ella. Hoy me motivo day, it would make me happy to get to danceporque voy a moverme un poco más, por- with her. Now my motivation is being able toque voy a alcanzar un objetivo”, asegura Luis move just a little bit more and being able toFernando, quien contagia con su alegría. reach a goal,” explains Luis Fernando, whose happiness is contagious as he talks. Cuando habla de su recuperación sellena de emoción. Para él cada avance es When he discusses his recovery, he fillsun logro que le ha costado sudor y lágri- with excitement. For him, each step forwardmas, pero que es el resultado de un traba- is an achievement that he has paid withjo en equipo. “Los logros en mi mejoría sweat and tears, yet is also the result ofson conjuntos; es mi trabajo, el de mi teamwork. “What I achieve in my recoveryfamilia, sumado al de los profesionales de are group achievements, it is the result of myCoomeva Medicina Prepagada y los de own work together with the work of the staffHospital en Casa. Funciona como un at Coomeva Private Healthcare and of theequipo, si alguno falla, el resultado no se at-home care of Hospital en Casa. It is ada. Eso se lo repito a cada uno de ellos”. team effort. If someone fails to perform, we do not get results. I tell this to each and Al profe lo visitan muchas personas en every one of the staff.”su casa: personalidades, periodistas y segui-dores del fútbol que ven en él a un hombre Many people visit Coach Montoya at hisdigno de admirar y con el que comparten house: celebrities, journalists and soccer fans.conversaciones sobre deporte, política o People see him as someone of great admira-sobre la cotidianidad. El extécnico siempre tion and someone they can have conversa-tiene algo valioso que aportarles. tions with about sports, politics or everyday life. This former coach always has a valuable Y es quizá esa visión optimista y centrada contribution to make.de la vida la que hace que varias institucio-nes lo vean como la persona ideal para dic- The optimistic and grounded vision he hastar conferencias a jóvenes de todo el país, lle- of life is what most likely makes different orga-vando palabras de esperanza y ganas de salir nizations see him as the ideal figure for givingadelante. “Estoy agradecido con la vida por- conferences to youth throughout the country, 9

CON TU CUERPO( )especial (El grupo familiar del profe Montoya lo conforman su esposa, Adriana Herrera, y su hijo José Fernando. Ellos son la mayor motiva- ción para continuar la recuperación. ( Coach Montoya’s family consists of his wife, Adriana Herrera, and his son, José Fernando. They are the main motivation for his recovery. que me ha permitido volver a trabajar. inspiring them with words of hope and the Luis Fernando, su Ahora tengo la fortuna de llevar un mensaje motivation to move forward. “I am so thankful esposa, Adriana a muchachos, muchos de ellos en situacio- because life has given me the chance to return to Herrera, con su nes difíciles, sin ganas de seguir adelante por- work. I now have the opportunity to spread a hijo, José que su vida ha entrado en el torbellino de las message to youth, many of which are in difficult drogas o el licor. Es reconfortante saber que situations and do not have the motivation to Fernando, antes del cuando ellos me ven y me escuchan, muchas continue because a mix of drugs or alcohol has incidente. veces replantean sus pensamientos, algunos stormed into their lives. It is comforting to hasta lloran cuando ven en mí y en mis pala- know that when they see me and listen to me, Foto: Cortesía bras un mensaje de esperanza en medio de they often reevaluate their thinking. Some even Luis Fernando, his una situación como la que viví”. cry when they find hope in my story or in my message, despite what I have gone through.” wife, Adriana Este hombre no se detiene ante la adver- Herrera, with their sidad. En la memoria del país aún está intac- This man does not stop in the face of adver- ta la imagen del profe Montoya en el 2012 sity. The country has yet to forget the image of son, José cuando acompañó como asesor la campaña Coach Montoya when he served as an advisor Fernando, before de Millonarios, que finalmente se quedó to the Millonarios soccer team in 2012, who the incident. Photo: con el torneo de la Liga Nacional. “Me volví with his assistance, ended as winners of the a sentir campeón”, declaró emocionado a Liga Nacional tournament. “I feel like a cham- Courtesy los medios el día que ganaron el título. pion again,” he said with excitement to the media the day they won the championship. Cuando se le pregunta por su relación con el medio del fútbol afirma que, aun- When asked about how he feels about soc- que sabe que no volverá a estar detrás de cer, he maintains that even though he knows la raya, cuenta con un valioso conoci- that he will not return to stand behind the side- miento deportivo que podría poner en lines, he has invaluable knowledge that can be función de muchos equipos profesiona- applied to many professional soccer teams as he les, pues es uno de los tres técnicos de la is one of the three coaches in the history of historia colombiana que ha alcanzado la Colombia that has made it to the Copa Copa Libertadores de América. Libertadores de América championships.10

( )CON TU CUERPOCON GRANDES SACRIFICIOS IT TAKES SACRIFICELos avances del profe en materia de salud The progress Montoya has made with hisson notables. Se observa evolución en la medical condition is considerable. He hasestabilidad de su torso, los movimientos del improved the stability of his torso, expan-cuello y el aumento de la sensibilidad en ded his neck movements and has increasedalgunas partes del cuerpo, entre otros, los the sensitivity of some parts of his body,cuales también sorprendieron al cuerpo along with other advances that have surpri-médico. Luis Fernando sigue trabajando sed his medical team. Coach Montoya con-día a día por el que siempre ha declarado tinues to work every day on his stated goal:como su sueño: volver a abrazar a su esposa, to be able to hug his wife and son again,Adriana Herrera, y a su hijo José Fernando. Adriana Herrera and José Fernando. “Hoy, la mejoría es evidente no solo para “Today, his improvements are not onlyél, sino para todos los que lo hemos visto clear to him, but to all of us who have seenevolucionar. Respira sin necesidad de ayuda him progress. He can breathe without assis-artificial, tiene sensibilidad en su cuello y tance, has regained sensitivity in his neckespalda; sostiene su cabeza y la gira, además, and back, can hold his head up and turn itinició la recuperación en el tronco. Con and has begun the recovery process of hisello aporta a nuestra sociedad y al país. Es torso. His progress contributes to our societyun ejemplo de constancia, disciplina y fe”, and to our country and is an example of per-afirma Lency Naranjo, Directora Regional sistence, discipline and faith,” Lencyde Hospital en Casa. Naranjo states, Regional Director of the Hospital en Casa program. Al hablar con el profe sobre el proce-so que lleva 12 años, no duda en agrade- In discussing the coach’s recovery pro-cer a Coomeva Medicina Prepagada y a cess, which has evolved over the last 12 years,la empresa Hospital en Casa por acom- he emphasizes his appreciation of the ever-pañarlo decididamente. “No menciono lasting dedication of Coomeva Privatea cada una de las personas porque injus- Healthcare and of its Hospital en Casa pro-tamente se me puede olvidar alguna y no gram. “I won’t mention each one of thequiero que esto pase, pero puedo decir people I worked with because it wouldn’t beque desde los directivos hasta cada una right if I were to forget one of them, but Ide los auxiliares, todos ellos han sido can say that from its management to eachparte fundamental en mi proceso”, dice. and every member of its supporting staff, all have been a fundamental part of my reco- Andrea Areiza, fisioterapeuta de very process,” he declares.Hospital en Casa, expresa: “El profe esun ejemplo para todos. Aunque como A physical therapist from the Hospital encualquier ser humano tiene días en los Casa program, Andrea Areiza shares,que amanece bajo de ánimo, en general “Coach Montoya is an example for us all.siempre tiene una actitud positiva ante While like any of us, he has days when he iscasi todas las situaciones de la vida y eso down, he generally maintains a positive atti-es lo que uno más admira. Además, tiene tude in nearly every situation, which is whateso que hace grande a la gente: da mucho we most admire of him. He also has themás de lo que uno sabe que puede dar, ingredient to what make people so great: heahí está el secreto de su recuperación”. gives much more than what you think he can. That is the secret to his recovery.” Y las manifestaciones de admiración yorgullo no paran. “Lo del profe Luis The list of those who admire and areFernando es una felicidad para todos los proud of him continues. Jorge Albertoque hemos seguido su proceso desde el Zapata Builes, General Manager of Coomevacomienzo. Los especialistas han visto en él Private Healthcare states, “Coach Luis 11

CON TU CUERPO( )especialLuis Fernando acompañado progresos médicos muy importantes, pero Fernando’s example brings happiness to alldel equipo médico (izquier- destaco aún más su recuperación como ser of us who have followed his recovery processda a derecha): Eliana humano, volver a creer en sí mismo, tener from the beginning. Specialists have wit-Jaramillo, Lency Naranjo, las ganas de vivir con toda la fuerza vital nessed significant progress with him, but Idirectora de Hospital en que siempre lo ha caracterizado, eso real- would highlight his recovery as a humanCasa; Catalina Hoyos y mente es lo que se convierte en un ejemplo being even more. He now believes in himselfPaula Andrea Areiza. para todos”, precisa Jorge Alberto Zapata again and has the motivation to live with allFoto: Cortesía Builes, Gerente General de Coomeva the life energy that has always characterizedLuis Fernando with the Medicina Prepagada. him. That is what truly makes him an examp-medical team (left to right) le for us all.”Eliana Jaramillo, Lency En cada pared de su casa hay un recuer-Naranjo, head of Hospital en do de ese Luis Fernando Montoya, ídolo On each wall of his house hangs aCasa; Catalina Hoyos y Paula de América. Por ello, con ese empuje de memory of this man, a South AmericanAndrea Areiza. líder que siempre lo ha caracterizado, quie- idol. It is this depiction of leadership thatPhoto: Courtesy re que se haga un reconocimiento a los pro- has led him to want to recognize the commi- fesionales de Coomeva Medicina tted efforts of the staff of Coomeva Private12 Prepagada y Hospital en Casa, como un Healthcare and Hospital en Casa. Coach testimonio de la comprometida labor que Montoya never gives up and will undoub- han realizado. El profe no se rinde, con tedly continue to serve as an example for all seguridad seguirá siendo un ejemplo de of us as well as an example of overcoming vida y superación para todos. obstacles. Para ver la entrevista completa, ingre- For the entire interview with Coach •se a nuestra página web: http://medici- •Montoya, visit our webpage: http://medici- naprepagada.coomeva.com.co naprepagada.coomeva.com.co

( )CON TU CUERPO 13

( )WITH YOUR BODY DEALING WITH ARTHRITIS This condition primarily affects people over age 60 and can be prevented by maintaining a healthy lifestyle from a young age. ADVISOR MARÍA JOSÉ JANNAUT PEÑA - Rheumatologist, practitioner at Coomeva Medicina Prepagada14

( )WITH YOUR BODY prevention 1% OF THE WORLD’S POPULATION IS AFFECTED BY RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS, ACCORDING TO WHO FIGURES.Almost half of the population that is over age A MATTER OF HABIT 60 suffer from this type of arthritis, associa- ted with worn-out joints. This condition is When we are young we do not prepare ourselves formore well-known as osteoarthritis and its severity old age because we think that time is so far off.can vary from person to person, depending largely Without understanding the consequences, youthon lifestyle as well as some birth defects that can smoke cigarettes, abuse alcohol, gain weight and leavehave long-term effects. exercise out. The constant use of high heels, wearing inappro- The habits of our youth, however, determine howpriate footwear, sports injuries that have not been we age. This is where public health policies becometreated or overusing your joints at work are all important, however. Such policies clearly demonstratelifestyle habits that can take their toll over time. All how proper exercise and diet are essential from birthof these factors can determine which joints will to death. The children of today are developing lifestylewear down faster. habits that will define who they are in the future. An example of a birth defect is congenital hip Not all types of arthritis are related to old age.problems in infant girls. When these defects are not Some are inflammatory and can happen at any agedetected and left untreated, they can affect the lon- and to any gender. These types of arthritis can negati-gevity of the joints. Another issue that can have an vely affect peripheral joints such as the hands, kneesimpact in adulthood is when someone has a leg that and in some cases, the medial skeleton (the spine andis longer than the other. the sacroiliac joints). “Most people have genetic factors that predispose them to this condition but there are also environmen- tal issues that contribute to it. The most influential habit is smoking, which is responsible for making irre- versible changes to specific proteins that further acce- lerate the onset of rheumatoid arthritis,” our specialist explains. Also included in this list are upper respira- tory infections, urinary tract infections and even sexua- lly transmitted infections. These external elements appear to interact with the genes to trigger arthritis. It is not always easy to differentiate between dege- nerative and inflammatory diseases or mechanically transmitted diseases, as the symptoms are often simi- lar. It is very important for a medical expert to speci- fically identify what is causing the symptoms in order for proper treatment to be administered. For examp- le, rheumatoid arthritis that is not properly treated is 15

WITH YOUR BODY not only pain inducing, it also leads to heart attacks, infection and osteoporosis.( )prevention While pain relief may be a priority for patients, prior16 to deciding on a treatment, it is important for doctors to understand the severity of the inflammation, assess the presence of other diseases and determine tolerance to certain medications; over time, patients should also understand these factors. Beyond the joint pain that initiated the doctor’s visit, it is also important for doc- tors to understand how the disease has affected the body in other ways. In Colombia, where medications that treat inflammatory arthritis are completely covered by its healthcare system, there is no excuse for those who have this disease to not have access to treatment. “It also doesn’t make sense for there still to be people who suffer from the advanced stages of arthritis because an early diagnosis wasn’t made. It is our duty as a society to look out for the bone and joint health of people of all ages, from all socioeconomic statuses and from all climates,” states Dr. Jannaut Peña. Fortunately, doctors today can stop the structural damages caused by inflammatory joint disease with advanced medication with proven efficiency. There are also plenty of methods for alleviating pain regardless of how complex the origin is. A large part of this task lies with the patient, who should have an awareness of the habits they need to change to benefit from better results. Patients that follow their treatment plans, have a hobby, help others or who feel important as members of their family also experience faster improvements. With regard to pain, those who exercise regularly, maintain a bodyweight that is appropriate for their body structure and avoid anxiety or depression through managing their emotions tend to experience reduced levels pain. This allows them to change their pain threshold and contri- bute significantly to their treatment. In any case, whether dealing with inflammatory arthritis or osteoarthritis, decision-making should always be a shared process between the attending physi- cian, the patient and their family. All parties should be aware of the challenges they may face throughout their journey and be aware of the variables that can most •affect them: early detection, good medical support, healthy habits and a very good attitude

( )WITH YOUR BODY together HELPFUL Between Sleeping is not just HABITS 90 and 100 part of your daily routine, Go to bed at the same time, MINUTES IS HOW LONG THE it is essential to your do not take work to bed or eat in DEEP SLEEP CYCLE LASTS.it, keep your bedroom at a comfor- ACCORDING TO THE physical and emotional COLOMBIAN ASSOCIATION health. Sleep is not an table temperature, avoid falling OF SLEEP MEDICINE, WE asleep to the TV, avoid the con- GET BETWEEN 4 TO 5 interruption of sumption of caffeinated drinks in OF THESE CYCLES. your energy at nighttime, the evening and foods with a high it is a way for your energycaloric content. These are some of SHLYEGEPIENE the practices that can help you to to recharge. fall asleep. ADVISOR BERNARDO URIBE GARCÍAGETTING A GOOD 50%NIGHT’S SLEEP OF THE WORLD’S Clinical neurologist POPULATION HASOur brains recover when we sleep. The EXPERIENCED A SLEEP BALANCEbrain consolidates information and DISORDER AT SOME POINTmemories from throughout the day and Not getting enough sleep canreleases chemical substances that IN THEIR LIVES, cause fatigue, attention deficitimprove the circulatory system. Sleep ACCORDING TO THE disorders, concentration anddisorders not only affect us at night, but COLOMBIAN ASSOCIATION memory issues during the dayalso affect our daily activities. If you OF SLEEP MEDICINE. as well as irritability and lowcannot seem to get a good night’s sleep, energy for doing your daily acti-it is best to seek the help of a specialist. vities. Physiologically, a lack of sleep affects your ability to pro- cess glucose, which can lead to high blood sugar levels, diabe- tes or weight gain. It also lowers your body temperature. 17

FKOICDUNSEYOSNKidneys are the most important organs of the urinary system and are( )responsible for filtering, absorbing and reabsorbing liquids that pass through them to produce urine. ADVISOR JORGE RICO - Nephrologist Go to Revistasaludcoomeva.com to receive further information on CKD.Sources: World Health Organization – The Colombian Association of Nephrology and Arterial Hypertension - https://cuentadealtocosto.org

A BALANCED 2.2%URINARY SYSTEM OF THE COUNTRY’S POPULATIONHaving a balanced urinary system depends on our SUFFERS FROM KIDNEY DISEASE.kidney function. Keeping a workout routine,checking your blood sugar levels and blood pressu- 1 of every 10re on a regular basis, healthy eating and controllingyour weight will all help prevent the diseases and PEOPLE IN THE WORLD HAVEconditions that cause kidney damage. SOME PHASE OF KIDNEY DISEASE. 6% SYMPTOMS AND RISK FACTORS IS THE RATE OF THE ANNUAL GROWTH Weakness, fatigue, exhaustion, poor appeti- OF CHRONIC KIDNEY te, changes to your state of sleep, difficulty DISEASE (CKD) IN breathing, digestive issues and changes in COLOMBIA. mood are all symptoms of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The risk factors for thisTAKE CARE OF disease includes having high blood pressu-YOUR KIDNEYS re, diabetes, having a family history, smo- king, obesity and being older than 50.Some habits that can help organs tofunction properly include lowering 190your salt intake (the recommendeddaily amount is 5-6 grams), not smo- LITERS A DAY OF BLOOD IS THEking, avoiding the use of medications AVERAGE NUMBER OF LITERSthat can damage the kidneys, and kee- THAT THE KIDNEYS NEED TOping yourself well hydrated. PRODUCE ABOUT TWO LITERS OF WASTE AND WATER.The objectives of World Kidney Day are to care for Nephrologist Jorge Rico explains that the kidneys can your kidneys and prevent kidney disease, as there is host a variety of diseases that can be prevented by drinking little awareness of it. This year, the day will be held enough water, eating healthy and getting exercise. Whenon March 9 in over 150 countries throughout the world these organs deteriorate, however, this can lead to a needwith the campaign, “Healthy lifestyle for healthy kidneys.” for dialysis or for an organ transplant. The main functions of these organs are to filter the “Minor to severe Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) canblood, eliminate waste products from the body through occur. The prevalence and incidence of this condition is high,the urine, regulate the urine production, separate the hor- but its symptoms are silent. In its early phases, people do notmones erythropoietin and renin, and assist in absorbing experience any symptoms. When they finally do appear, it isvitamin D (for bone metabolism) and in producing gluco-se (gluconeogenesis). •because the disease has progressed and treatment serves as a support, not as prevention,” he explains

WITH YOUR BODY( )X-Ray CHILDHOOD CANCER 5% Family support and regular OF THE CASES OF pediatric care visits are very important for CANCER IN improving the lives of children that suffer CHILDREN ARE CAUSED BY A from this disease. ASSERTIVE GENETIC MUTATION THAT CAN BE AND SINCERE PASSED FROM COMMUNICATION PARENT TO CHILD. Speaking honestly and using language that can adapt to their age will help them understand and deal with their diagnosis. Explain the most common myths that arise among chil- dren on what causes cancer and show how they are not true; help them to understand and accept the disease. This will bring them peace of mind. THE MOST 1% COMMON OF ALL DIAGNO- Leukemia is the most common SED CASES OF type of cancer among children. CANCER ARE Brain cancer, however, is the PEDIATRIC leading cause of deaths among PATIENTS. children with this condition. Other malignant tumors that affect them are lymphomas. Regular visits with your pediatrician can help to detect its symptoms. Early detection, medical treat- (KEEP IN MIND) Different types of treatment and ment and family support are all support are needed for different age Children are sensitive to key factors of beating most physical change. Give them groups. Parents are the ones who childhood cancers. time to prepare for weight make treatment decisions. and hair loss.20

( )WITH YOUR BODY 21

WITH YOUR BODY( )for your smile DON’T LET ASTHMA AFFECT YOUR SMILE Medication administered with an inhaler can alter the oral health of asthma patients. Preventative measures or treatment options should be considered, as indicated by your pediatric dentist. ADVISOR MARÍA FERNANDA QUINTERO Pediatric dentist, Practitioner at Coomeva Medicina Prepagada According to WHO, asthma is a chronic respiratory disease. It con- sists of recurrent episodes of dysp- nea (difficulty breathing), wheezing, chest tightness and coughing. Currently, it is estimated that 235 million people live with asthma, the most common chronic disease among children. In Colombia, this disease affects about 10% of children. Asthmatic patients need medications that are administered either with an inha- ler or in pill form; these medications have components such as acids (with inhalers) and sugars (in pills). Inhalers allow for about 20% of the drug to reach the lungs, the remaining 80% stays in the oral cavity. This can cause some side effects in the mouth due to how the drug works, how it changes the saliva and how the drug’s particles affect the mouth’s tissues as it is inhaled.22

Modifications to the texture, composi- ( )WITH YOUR BODYtion and flow of saliva change its functionin our oral health, which include: lubrica- PREVENTIONting and keeping the oral mucosa healthy,cleaning the mouth, dissolving food, neu- Some measures for guaranteeing the oraltralizing pH levels, remineralizing dental health of asthmatic patients that use inhalers:tissues and acting as an antimicrobial agent. ► Maintain good oral hygiene The side effects of using an inhaler ► Remove and control plaqueinclude xerostomia (dry mouth), reduced ► Drink plenty of water to fight the effects of drysalivary flow and lower pH levels in saliva.This can result in dental erosion, an effect mouth.of the medication’s chemical action, or in ► Avoid consuming sugar. Use fluoride too-acid reflux. This medication can evenchange the color of the teeth. thpaste, mouthwashes or varnishes to neu- tralize low salivary pH levels and to protect In soft tissues, the following side effects dental enamel.may arise: stomatitis (inflammation of the ► Use a baking soda mouthwash or rinse youroral mucosa), candidiasis (yeast), canker mouth with just watersores and ulcers. Medication also increa- ► See your dentist every three monthsses the risk of gum inflammation andgum disease. When plaque is not removed TREATMENTthrough proper oral hygiene, the risk ofcavities grows or the progress of existing ► The use of topical fluoride is safe and has proven tocavities accelerates. Medications that are significantly reduce the presence of cavities. Its appli-inhaled in a powder form have lower pH cation depends on the patient’s risk for cavities andlevels that cause the tooth’s minerals to is applied in gel form every three months, or as a var-separate, making it easier to lose teeth. nish every six months. Varnishes should always beAdditionally, asthmatic patients generally used for patients under age five.breathe through their mouths, which canlead to malocclusion problems. ► A sealant, provided that it is applied according to indications, acts as a physical barrier that prevents Pediatric dentist María Fernanda the deposit of plaque in the teeth, preventing theQuintero Vásquez confirms, “Dentists appearance of cavities.should know how severe the case of asth-ma is and what medication the patient is USING AN INHALERon. If the patient does not already have acondition, preventative measures should ► Asthmatic patients or their caretakers must be trai-be taken to keep the patient healthy, mini- ned by their respiratory therapist in order to use anmizing the risk of disease. If the patient inhaler correctly.already has a mouth condition, it must bemonitored, taking treatment measures to ► In some cases, adding attachments to the inhaler isimprove the condition and reducing risk recommended: holding chambers protect gumto a minimum. The patient should be tissues from the negative effects of the medication,encouraged to maintain a healthy lifestyle, and spacers guide the metered dose to the upperpromoting their self-care, and parents or airways, reducing its contact with the oral cavity andcaregivers should be involved in this pro- lowering the risk of damaging the mouth’s tissues.•cess if the patient is a child.” 23

( )WITH YOUR BODYCOLONCANCERCAN BEPREVENTEDBeing aware of the warningsigns can be helpful intreating this condition ontime. ADVISOR Gastric problems are becoming that killed 3,000 people that year, a morta- SANDRA more and more common, even at lity rate of 50% of diagnosed cases. Sandra AVENDAÑO an earlier age. Not eating on a Avendaño, a coloproctologist that has Coloproctologist regular schedule, the use of condiments, spent years helping patients fight colon preservatives in food, carbonated bevera- cancer through prevention and getting an ges, the excessive use of alcohol, processed early diagnosis, argues that nobody should meats and red meats tend to trigger pro- have to die from this disease. blems in the digestive system and lead to heartburn, gastritis, ulcers, fatty liver and “Almost 100% of patients in the early different types of cancer. stages of the disease recover. The survival rate lowers as the stages increase,” Dr. According to the World Health Avendaño explains. Organization (WHO), in 2012, the most frequently diagnosed cancers among men Some of the warning signs of the onset were lung, prostate, colon, rectal, stomach of colon cancer or its progression include and liver cancer. In 2008, there were 5,600 blood in the stool, which is often associa- diagnosed cases of colon cancer, a disease ted with hemorrhoids. Changes in your bowel movements is also a symptom:24

( )WITH YOUR BODY for him ( Colon cancer has five stages and the stage in which it is detected, depends on how it is treated. Treatment is easier in its initial stages.going from being constipated to having can do is to see your doctor regularly asdiarrhea, when before this was not normal part of your routine health and diseasefor you. When the disease is at an advan- prevention checkups.ced stage, these symptoms can includeabdominal pain, weight loss, anemia, WHO clarifies that in order to diagno-extreme fatigue, thin stools, or a lump or se and treat cancers such as skin, breast,mass that can be felt in the abdomen. colon, rectal, cervical or mouth cancers on time, it is important to be familiar Because it is a difficult disease to diag- with their initial symptoms and signs.nose, in Colombia it is recommended toget an exam called a colonoscopy as part “Getting an early diagnosis is especiallyof the screening process for detecting important when there are no systematic orcolon cancer early. This exam is especially efficient research methods that have beenrecommended for people over age 50 and applied to a large population or, commonfor those who are younger, but present to many areas with limited resources,risk factors or are experiencing related there’s no treatment. The problem is thatsymptoms. The most important thing you with a lack of methods for diagnosing and treating the disease early, patients are diag- 25

WITH YOUR BODY( )for him 53% IS THE PERCENT BY WHICH THE CHANCES OF GETTING COLON CANCER INCREASE, IF ALCOHOL IS CONSUMED REGULARLY. nosed at its very latest stages, when treat- mends eating five portions of fruits and ment can no longer be applied.” vegetables a day. Obesity increases the risk for colon cancer by 20%.” In order to reduce the risk of colon can- cer, Avendaño recommends reducing the If you look at it closely, preventing consumption of red meats, eating them no colon cancer is not a very complex task. It more than once or twice a week, and avoi- only requires discipline and determina- ding processed meats as much as possible tion, avoiding food contaminants, and as they increase your risk of colon cancer making healthy lifestyle changes such as by 17%. She also recommends reducing exercising, saying goodbye to physical your intake of alcohol, which increases the inactivity, drinking water and eating fruits risk by 53%, as well as cigarettes, which and vegetables. If it is also important to increase your risk by 35%. “The recom- know what the symptoms are and to see a mendation is to eat a lot of fiber, but not doctor if you are experiencing any symp- the type that comes processed in powder toms. In the words of Dr. Avendaño, “Its form; the most important kind that comes from fruits and vegetables. WHO recom- •plain and simple; nobody should die from colon cancer26

CON TU MENTE ( ))WITH YOUR MINDHUMANS ARE SOCIAL BY NATURE. CONTACT WITH OTHERSSTRENGTHENS OUR ABILITY TO LEARN, AS WELL AS OURMENTAL AND PSYCHOAFFECTIVE DEVELOPMENT.THE POWER TO SHARE VIRTUALLY SOCIAL EXTREME SOLITUDE IS HARMFULMeeting up with friends and being involved Using the latest technology and social When social isolation becomes a pat-in different social groups has a healthy networks as an opportunity to share tern, it becomes problematic becauseimpact on the brain. Discussing, arguing with others is also important for stimula- the brain does not receive the properand sharing your opinion activates neurons. ting the mind. stimuli to continually develop. 50 YEARS IS THE AGE AT WHICH SOCIAL ISOLATION HAS A GREATER CONNECTION TO NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES. 27

( )CON TU MENTE ROUTINES FHOERAALTHY DAY ADVISOR JAVIER GALVIS Doctor of internal medicine The stress and fast-paced rhythm of We have all heard about how to modern life may contribute to poor have a healthier lifestyle and body and mental self-care practices, what the benefits of it are, yet which can lead to disease over time. we tend to think that we must imple- Learn about some resources to ment big changes to our daily lives in implement on a daily basis. order to achieve this lifestyle. This belief is nothing further than the truth. The28 routine of work and life itself can incor- porate actions and practices that help to protect our health and further develop

( )CON TU MENTEour mental capacities and motor skills. Javier Galvis, a doctor of internalmedicine and a specialist in functionalmedicine provides us with thefollowing tips to get the most out ofyour day with greater energy, whileavoiding falling into negative practicesthat can affect our health. By makingjust small changes, it is possible toimprove your quality of life. 29

1 2 3 4( )CONTUMENTEGET BREAKFAST: STAY ACTIVE MINDFULENOUGH YOUR OR EXERCISE BREATHINGSLEEP SOURCE DAILY OF ENERGY The use of breathingGetting enough sleep to When is the best time to exer- techniques allows us torecharge and unwind has Breakfast is the fuel that cise? This depends on the relax, have clearer thoughtsits logic. gets you through the day metabolism and physical cha- and further unleash ourSleep is a critical time after the body, and especia- racteristics of each individual. It creativity. They help uswhere the body restores its lly the brain, have fasted is best to exercise in the mor- both connect with andenergy and the brain stores through the night. One of ning, before or after the first regulate our emotional res-memories. It is important to the biggest mistakes people meal of the day. If you exercise ponses. Dr. Galvis recom-go to bed at a specific time make is skipping breakfast. before breakfast, it is important mends spending betweeneach day and benefit from This can lower your blood to drink something such as a five and ten minutes a dayreplenishing sleep for bet- sugar levels or increase the fruit smoothie or eat granola as on mindful breathing andween six or eight hours a consumption of unhealthy fuel to get through your meditation. If it is hard forday, which is the recom- foods throughout the day. workout and avoid potential you to concentrate, try themended amount for adults. “It should vary and allow decompensation. following: breathe in as youBefore going to bed, it is you to enjoy different fla- The idea is to get at least 30 count to four, hold the airhelpful to leisurely plan the vors,” explains Dr. Galvis. minutes of exercise a day. “It is in your lungs and count tofollowing day’s activities, Some healthy options inclu- also a good idea to begin the six, and slowly exhale asthereby preventing that de eating a serving of fruit, day with yoga,” Dr. Galvis tells you count to four. Repeatyour concerns take away a carbohydrate such as an us. Part of being in good physi- three times.from your sleep. arepa or a small piece of cal shape includes stretching bread, milk or cheese, and a and developing your flexibility. protein such as eggs or low- fat deli meat.30

5 ( )CON TU MENTEPUT YOUR 31KIND WORDSTO USESet a goal to say good mor-ning to the people you livewith, or even to yourself if youlive alone. In addition to beingpolite, this gesture fills youand those around you withthe positive energy you needto deal with life. “If one per-son says something loving toanother or to themselves,they enter a positive space,making for a good day. Thebrain resonates with goodenergies,” Dr. Galvis explains.Also share a kind word withyour loved one during thework day and before you goto bed, this will give you an•instant sense of wellbeing

WCOITNH TYUOMURENMTIEND( ))forherBEING CURVYTHE THIN LINE OF Having a few extra pounds often represents an unbalanced relationship with the body. Learn to identify this. ADVISOR ROSA GUEVARA - Psychologist, practitioner at Coomeva Medicina Prepagada32

( )CON TU MENTEThe prototype of the “standard” (Being aware of female body that appears in adverti- the relationship we have with our body sements is very far from that of a allows us to begin a new way of interac-real female body. In many cases, what is ting with it as a place of care, pleasure“normal” has turned into going after what and accomplishment.is “abnormal.” Where does each womanstand? How is her relationship with her weight is related to body dysmorphicbody? How much do women change their disorder (BDD), where the body is no lon-bodies with the single purpose of meeting ger a place to be cared for or a place tothese beauty standards? experience pleasure, and instead becomes something that is mistreated. An example Many women are comfortable with of this is with the eating disorder knowntheir bodies. They take care of it out of a as compulsive eating.sense of pride that is rooted more in theirself-esteem than in accepting their self-image; and may be skinny or overweightwithout having a conflictive relationshipwith food or with society. As a psychologist, Rosa Guevara sus-tains, the problem arises when this extra 33

( )CON TU MENTE (With conditions such as body dysmorphic disorder, the rela- tionship with the body becomes a com- plex issue that causes multiple forms of imbalance. In this particular case, being over- weight is not something natural, it is the manifestation of an unbalanced rela- tionship. This eating disorder which not only includes compulsive eating, but buli- mia, anorexia or social anxiety as well does not appear from one day to the next: its causes are deeply rooted and go beyond society’s teasing or the pressures that advertisements bring. To get to its roots, the person with the condition must be willing to get over it, examine their past and ask themselves if they experienced extreme levels of psycho- logical torture as a child or in their youth (60% of those who have this disorder say they have experienced this). They must also ask themselves if they received a dis- torted message from their parents that34

prioritized appearance, or on the con- ( )CON TU MENTEtrary, if one of them held appearance incomplete disregard. They should also 35question whether the adults that playedsignificant roles in their lives during theirchildhood expressed their affection in anexcessive way through food, changingtheir physical state and habits. Or if theyexperienced traumatic events such asabandonment (physical or emotional), orfailures that triggered unhealthy feelingsof insecurity when facing rejection. “These events make people that sufferfrom this syndrome feel like they need tospend a lot of time eating to feel strong andbe able to unconsciously manage the fearthey are experiencing,” Guevara indicates. Becoming aware of the conflict thatoriginated in this disorder on your own,regulating the daily consumption of foodthrough five meals a day and getting psy-chological support can help peopleimprove how they feel and treat theirbody as a place of care, pleasure andaccomplishment. As Guevara states: “It’s not about beingfat or skinny, it’s not about being a certainway. It’s about us deciding how we want to•be; accepting our body just how it is.”

( )WITH YOUR MINDCROSSWORDPUZZLES FOR EXERCISING THE MIND ADVISOR SANTIAGO PÉREZ ECHEVERRI - Psychologist As with all our muscles, we must train our minds to stay in good The practice of this favorite shape. Crossword puzzles can be pastime keeps our neural very effective tools for achieving this. bonds active, preventing the The regular practice of filling out a brain from aging. crossword puzzle is a mental exercise that combines fun, health and wellbeing. It is not just about spending time filling out a series of words. It is an activity that invol- ves improving our reasoning skills, our overall memory and the speed of our thought processes. Crossword puzzles are a way of gaining knowledge that is related to linguistic36

( )WITH YOUR MIND life today M CR A Z O N A ME I E N T O O MN O LO V OR C A B U LO A R I OC I G I A G I L IA D A D I Mstructures, general culture and grammar C Iin a different and dynamic way. Some SA Ewould even argue that they help you B I E N E SA T A R Nlearn to solve everyday problems of logic L Tboth quickly and correctly. U O D “Those who do crossword puzzles forfun can develop their linguistic skills, ¿? The origin of crosswords is believed to date back to theexpanding their vocabulary,” states psy- first century, as indications of them have been found in thechologist Santiago Pérez Echeverri. WHO INVENTED ruins of Pompeii, where they were known as Sator Squares. CROSSWORD As we know them today, however, crossword puzzles were These hobbies help people identify PUZZLES? invented thanks to Arthur Wynne, an English journalistcommon patterns in specific situations. This who published one of these puzzles in the New Yorkfosters analysis from different perspectives World. This game was given the name “word - cross.”which helps to develop unique solutions. Crosswords are also a productive way toescape after a stressful and fast-paced day,as they help puzzle doers change their rou-tines and relax, leaving tension behind. Our reflexes and memory also benefitfrom this activity. If the mind is activewith the aid of tools like this, it improvesit chances for training itself and develo-ping its ability to remember. “Crosswords are not the cure for men-tal or neurological diseases such asAlzheimer’s, but they do help contributeto our concentration, agility and logic,”Pérez explains. There are many reasons to not justskip over the games section of newspa-pers and magazines. These are toolswhere if used regularly, will unleash posi-•tive and beneficial changes in the body 37

( )CON TU MENTE38 Pharmaderm & skindrug www.skindrug.com.co

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WITH YOUR MIND( )couples WITSHTAYCINGHUINLITDEDREN In order to keep their relationships alive, couples must share the responsibility of raising their children. ADVISOR LUZ AMPARO SALAZAR - Psychologist40

( )WITH YOUR MINDEven on road signs you find along the street, According to psychologist Luz Amparo Salazar, children are represented to appear between it is difficult for new parents to keep a balance. two people that are in a relationship. Signs Something that helps relationships last is to sharethat mark places that are family-friendly are widely responsibilities with the newborn: “Many familiesrecognized, and in between the two adult figures continue with the chauvinist tradition that desig-of mother and father, is often the child holding nates women as the ones that must take care oftheir parents’ hands. Some see this union as a the children. But this is what hurts relationships,symbol of connection, while the more skeptical especially in today’s modern society.”see it as a dichotomy: a union that is separated. While there are certain roles that the father Anyone who already has children is already cannot fulfill such as breastfeeding, responsibi-familiar with the great joy that they bring when lities can be divided out such as bathing, takingthey are born: an unparalleled sense of love, the care of them in the morning or burping them.sense of protection they demand without saying a Many fathers even support their wives, partnerssingle word, and a sense of connection with the or ex-partners at night, when the baby wants toworld they represent. Not everything is bliss, eat in the wee hours of the morning. Accordinghowever. The responsibility and great deal of to experts, sharing these experiences helpsdependence that babies come with when they generate a feeling of support in both the fatherenter the world put the partner’s relationship and the mother.aside. While all the attention should be placed onthe newborn, it is important not to leave your “You have to remember that mother andmarriage behind. father are a team together. Sometimes you hear stories of women that blame their partners becau- 41

( )WITH YOUR MIND se they stay asleep at night, and while women mutual support, this period will go by faster and breastfeed, their partners just roll over and conti- be successful. Afterwards, they need to invest in nue to sleep. It is impossible to not feel abando- themselves: go out to eat, go to the movies, seek ned or like you don’t have enough support at this the help of the child’s grandparents or somebody time because the child is the responsibility of that can help them take care of the child while both; and they were both in love when they con- they return to rekindle their relationship.” ceived the child,” Salazar says. Our expert shares that many couples have deci- Of course it is normal for the child to be the ded against having children because they believe center of attention in the first few months. It is this will not allow them to be successful as it will crucial, however, to keep the perspective that force them to give up on their careers, “But when this is a decision that was made together and there is mutual support it is much easier to have a that both parents will take care of the baby happy family and a solid professional life. We are whether they are together or not. After this ini- living in a time of civil rights. Male chauvinism is tial period of extreme stress has passed, it is time outdated. Partners are there to succeed in to focus on the partnership, if be the case; everything together, even with the gratifying, yet remember the details about each other and nur- difficult, experience of raising a child.” It is also ture the seeds of your love. important to remember that even though the idea is to stay together, raising children together after a “The first months are very stressful because the divorce is possible; it is a commitment of both to couple is facing a new situation, which is why it is important that nobody to hide away from respon- •continue this responsibility without losing the sibility. If the couple provide each other with role of being a father or mother42

( )WITH YOUR MIND life todayKNOW MORE KEYS FOR DEVELOPING AREADING BOOKS GOOD HABITADDS YEARS TOYOUR LIFE ► Our resolutions to stop eating junk food, quit smoking or to stop wat-It has always been said that a book is good ching TV late into the night are oftencompany. Researchers from Yale University’s unsuccessful because people “do notSchool of Public Health designed a study to give them solid foundations,” saysfind out whether frequently reading books, Margaret Moore, Co-director of thein addition to newspapers and magazines, Institute of Coaching from McLeanhas a positive benefit to health. Published in Hospital at Harvard Medical School.September 2016 in the journal SocialScience & Medicine, their study found that ► In order to commit yourself to makingthe group of people that read 3.5 hours a efficient progress you must put theweek lived 23 months longer than those that three R’s into action: Remember whatdid not. The study included the participa- motivated you to change this habit;tion of 3,635 men and women over age 50. Routine, which allows you to repeatBooks have a greater impact when more the behavior in your daily life; andcognitive skills are involved. Reward, which refers to the benefits of the action. This creates a conti- 15 MINUTES AFTER WAKING UP nuous, virtuous circle. IN THE MORNING IS HOW LONG THE STIFFNESS IN 1 OUR BACKS OR KNEES CAN LAST. TO PREVENT THIS, THE (KEEP IN MIND) KEY IS TO STAY ACTIVE THROUGHOUT THE DAY. Keeping a routine for 21 days makes it more likely for it toPETS CAN HELP PEOPLE OUR PERCEPTION OF continue. The important thing isHEAL FROM TRAUMA PAIN INFLUENCES HOW WE FEEL IT deciding to begin.Dogs and cats naturally provide peoplewith emotional support and it has been When pain hits, it is not always the solutionproven that animal-assisted therapy (AAT) to increase medication, but rather changecan help people deal with depression, your reaction to the pain. A study publishedanxiety and even grief. According to a study in PLOS Biology in 2015 that examined thepublished in 2015 in the Journal of brains of participants found that visualizingCommunity and Supportive Oncology, a pain as something both positive and tempo-connection has been established between rary, could change one’s perception of it.this type of therapy and the wellbeing ofpatients receiving cancer treatment. 43

( )WITH YOUR MIND CRYING, THERAPY FOR SHEDDING YOUR SORROWS44

( )WITH YOUR MIND keep in mindPeople have different ways of reacting totheir emotions. With feelings of anguish, fearor sadness, crying can be a way to get thosefeelings out.ADVISORKATHERINE MONTAÑEZROBLEDO - Psychologist,practitioner at CoomevaMedicina PrepagadaCrying is not as negative as it how important it is to express our sounds. It is the opportunity for feelings and let them out, “We must people to free themselves from learn to handle, manage and self-regula-sad, painful events that they cannot te our emotions as well as our way ofotherwise release. This matter is very releasing them. Similarly, it is importantpersonal, some can cry in public, while to consider that in certain situationsothers prefer to do it alone. such as with the mourning process after the death of a loved one, after a separa- As Katherine Montañez Robledo tion or after any type of significant loss,explains psychologist and specialist in it is completely normal to express thisclinical psychology, currently completing feeling through tears regardless of gen-her studies to specialize in neuropsycho- der, age or other factors.logy the act of crying varies greatlydepending on each individual: how Our expert adds that this process ispeople express their state of emotions is important, “It’s about being able to haveunique to each of us. that moment of relief where you can get psychological release and unload the “Crying, or being sad, in anguish or thoughts you may be having at the time.”scared, cannot be perceived as somethingthat we do not frequently experience as IN COMPANY OR ALONEhumans, as perhaps they are what most As the proverb says, “A burden shared ischaracterize us. These are some of the a burden halved.” This greatly dependsreactions that can manifest in response to on the person, however. While cryinga given stimulus, which can directly with someone is a completely validinfluence our physiological response, as it option, others prefer to cry aloneis natural for the body to respond to a sti- without anyone by their side. “It is verymulus,” Montañez Robledo explains. relative. Psychologically speaking, each individual is a different universe. While And crying is one way to do this. It is psychology studies theory, in clinicala way we release our emotions. work psychologists must adapt this Whether it is crying or another formof expression, our expert emphasizes 45

WITH YOUR MIND( )keep in mind WHEN DOES IT BECOME A CONDITION? Psychologist Katherine Montañez Robledo explains that it is important to know when an emotion is normal and when it may be on its way to a pathological condition. “Whenever there is a situation that causes an emotional state of sadness or anguish such as with the loss of a loved one it is normal to be sad, lose interest in everyday activities, avoid responsibilities such as going to work or other tasks, lose your appetite, or have difficulties falling asleep; this is part of the mourning process. But when your emotions take over and you are constantly sad, melancholic and have become incapable to perform as an individual in some central areas such as with your family, social or work life; it is important to be seen by a clinical psychologist as you may be expe- riencing a pathological condition that needs to be assessed, diagnosed and given an intervention plan,” states Robledo.theory to each patient because each has Whether we are a man or a woman, tears will not feel comfortable doing so whenlived and experienced things differently. can be the way we release feelings of they need to.” sadness, pain or other similar feelings. Crying alone or in the company of Stigmas around crying or singling people Our expert emphasizes how importantanother depends on the need and perso- out because they are crying does not help. it is to let our emotions flow, and if it isnality of each person. This should there- not through tears, we should seek otherfore be decided by your comfort level. Our expert psychologist adds, “We ways of doing so. “Some people feel inhi-There are people that prefer to be alone live in a society that has taught us that bited from crying, leading them to notbecause it is easier for them to unload, men cannot cry. It is a frustrating situa- feeling comfortable with it. They therefo-let their feelings flow and they prefer to tion because emotions are part of being re learn how to do so in an alternativeavoid being interrupted by someone human and are not specific to one gen- way which is why they replace it withtelling them to calm down,” shares der or another. Placing men in a social anger, discomfort, anxiety anguish, etc.Montañez Robledo. and cultural role that does not allow When this happens, the important thing them to cry because it shows weakness, What we express through our tears is to generate a situation in which they •is to always find a way to express theirdoes not differ depending upon gender. feelings in another way,” she concludes46

)WITH YOUR BODY ( )CON TU MUNDOTHE FAST PACE OF 47MODERN-DAY LIFEALSO NEEDSBREAKS. CHAN-GING YOUR ROU-TINE IS HEALTHYFOR THE MINDAND BODY.SHORT TRIPS THAT RENEW YOUPeople that take several short vaca-tions throughout the year renew theirminds and improve their wellbeingand their productivity at work.CHANGE GEARSGoing for walks outdoors, bike ridesor playing outdoor sports are somealternatives for getting the bodyexercise while on a restful vacation.OUR EYES ALSO WEAR OUTMany eye issues are caused bymuscle problems, not optical pro-blems. This is the eyes’ way of askingfor vacation.4 DAYS IS JUST THE RIGHT AMOUNT OF TIME TO TAKE A MINIVACATION, AND LONG WEEKENDS ARE THE PERFECT OPPORTUNITY TO DO SO.

( )WITH YOUR WORLD TEACHING GOOD MANNERS NEVER GETS OLD Children today grow up with greater freedom. While this is necessary, teaching children how to live together politely should not be forgotten.48

( )WITH YOUR WORLD -little giants ADVISOR The times are long gone of when parents raised For psychologist Carolina Patiño, “It isn’t neces-CAROLINA PATIÑO children by a strict book of rules where sary to follow our grandparent’s footsteps, as this making a mistake was unheard of. With some advice now seems obsolete and outdated, but it is Psychologist modern parents that are very busy and often delega- becoming more common to see youth that don’t have te the upbringing of their children to grandparents, a sense of respect or of how to live with others, mostly aunts and uncles or to childcare professionals, chil- because we want to please them with everything. dren have grown up in less-rigid environments, That’s fine, but we must teach them how to behave where their opinions, preferences and what they around others.” want also matter as they should. Patiño believes, for example, that it is becoming But it turns out that this is not always good. We increasingly difficult to give our children guidance at often hear couples criticizing the behavior of other school because teaching good manners is no longer a children at the grocery store, mall or at a restaurant. collaborate effort from home, mostly because parents Being a child does not justify everything. Good are becoming increasingly busy. “There is also the manners and being polite have not gone out of style issue of etiquette. We often don’t teach children how and sometimes it is good when someone says, “What to behave at a lunch gathering or at a meeting that good manners! What a well-behaved child.” requires order and silence.” While it is no longer popular, the advice of the Carreño’s pieces of advice include some that Venezuelan politician, musician, educator and writer come from the distant past where kitchens were lit Manuel Antonio Carreño (1813-1874) in this book by candles, not lightbulbs. Others continue to that was fundamental to the upbringing of our apply to the dinner table, “[Do not] suck or chew grandparents, El manual de Carreño (Carreño’s on a lock of hair, bite your nails or cuticles, sit with handbook), is not all outdated; this booklet also inclu- your legs spread open or with your legs crossed or des “Good manners for getting along with society.” twisted in a strange way, chew gum while you are talking or with your mouth open, smoke in public or without asking the permission of others as the smell of cigarette smoke can offend someone or make them uncomfortable, make others feel guilty or uncomfortable as they eat a delicious dessert just because you must avoid it because of a specific diet, scratch or pick at your face…” Carreño’s list is long and while few of us have read his book, we maintain hundreds of these behaviors that this writer suggested for his time in our daily lives. When you look at it closely, his advice is not so bad when it comes time to raising our new genera- tions. “Who wouldn’t agree that it is good to learn to eat with your mouth closed or to not trim your nails in the middle of a dinner? We all would, but someti- mes we forget to pass these principles, for lack of a better word, onto our children,” Patiño says. 49

( )WITH YOUR WORLDVIRTUAL ETIQUETTE Good manners in the real world can be reapplied to ► Protect and be responsible with your personal the digital world. Children and youth are participating integrity and safety and with that of others. even more in this world and it is the responsibility of parents to guide them through the healthy, safe and ► Use ICTs to freely develop your personality and productive use of this new technology. Red PaPaz autonomy, recognizing the beliefs and opinions offer 10 behaviors for parents to consider in guiding their children to participate in the digital world: of others. ► Use information and communication techno- ► Use ICTs to improve your quality of life. logies (ICTs) respecting others and yourself. ► Be aware that minors require special attention ► Exercise the rights of others to freedom and and support in using ICTs. respect. ► Avoid using ICTs to promote, in any way, the ► Use your identity in a safe way. exploitation of minors or any other behavior •that may threat their human rights. ► Do not infringe upon copyright laws50