Lao People Democratic Republic Peace Independence Democracy Unity Prosperity ............. ............ Ministry of Education and Sports Teacher Development Department Luangnamtha Teacher Training College GENERAL ENGLISH 4 STUDENT’S TEXTBOOK For The 2nd YEAR ICT STUDENTS 12+4 SYSTEM, SEMESTER 2 Writer: Sonephith LORKHAMHIEM Academic Year 2018-2019
Lao People Democratic Republic Peace Independence Democracy Unity Prosperity ............. ............ Ministry of Education and Sports Teacher Development Department Luangnamtha Teacher Training College GENERAL ENGLISH 4 STUDENT’S TEXTBOOK For The 2nd YEAR ICT STUDENTS 12+4 SYSTEM, SEMESTER II Editors: 1) MA. Sihnnakhon SRIMUANG 2) MA. Onnith Sitthilarth Academic Year 2018-2019
Introduction General English 4 is a foundation of English for international connection. It is base on New interchange 2 which mainly covers four skills of language teaching and learning writing – writing , reading , listening and speaking . Moreover , it includes pronunciation and vocabulary building. The crucial aim of this book is to accelerate and enable students to obtain vitally communicative competence. Countless situation and exercise are set in this course book in order to insure the learner cat bridge and further explore more from their English foundation for a better fluent and accurate communication and language ability already established in secondary school English textbook.
CONTENTS UNIT 1 A TIME TO REMEMBER…………. ……………..………………………….……1 UNIT 2 A TIME TO REMEMBER( CON’T) ………….………………………………….…6 UNIT 3 CAUGTH IN THE RUSH……………………………………………………….….12 UNIT4 CAUGTH IN THE RUSH ( CON’T) ………………………………………….….....15 UNIT 5 TIME FOR CHANGE!……………………………………….………………..…….20 UNIT 6 TIME FOR CHANGE( CON’T) ……………………….…………………….…...24 UNITE 7 I’VE NEVER HEARDOF THAT!………………………………………….....…..28 UNITE 8 I’VE NEVER HEARDOF THAT ( CON’T)...........................................................31 UNIT 9 GOING PLACES…... …. ……………….…………………………………….…..36 UNIT 10 GOING PLACES ( CON’T) ……………………………………………….….…40 UNIT 11 SURE. NO PROBLEM! ……………………………..……….………..…….….…44 UNIT 12 SURE. NO PROBLEM! ……………………………………………………....…..48 UNIT 13 WHAT’S THIS FOR ? . ……..………………………………….……….….... 52 UNIT 14 WHAT’S THIS FOR ? ( CON’T) LET’S CELEBRATE! ……………………...57 UNIT 15 LET’S CELEBRATE! (CON’T) ………. ………………………………….....…. 61
Introduction General English 4 is a foundation of English for international connection. It is base on New interchange 2 which mainly covers four skills of language teaching and learning writing – writing , reading , listening and speaking . Moreover , it includes pronunciation and vocabulary building. The crucial aim of this book is to accelerate and enable students to obtain vitally communicative competence. Countless situation and exercise are set in this course book in order to insure the learner cat bridge and further explore more from their English foundation for a better fluent and accurate communication and language ability already established in secondary school English textbook.
References Richard, J.C (1997): New interchange Student’s Book Two . United Kingdom: The press syndicate of the university of Cambridge. Richard, J.C (2004): New interchange Student’s Book Two(3rd ed. ) . United Kingdom: The press syndicate of the university of Cambridge.
1 A time to remember 1 MULTICULTURAL CITIES People from countless distinct countries live in these four English -speaking cities Sydney London Toronto New York Greece Ghana Hong Kong China Hong Kong Hong Kong India Columbia Indonesia Italy India Haiti Italy Nigeria Pakistan Mexico Vietnam Pakistan Portugal The Philippines Vietnam Talk about these discussion points o Which city do you prefer to visit? Why? o Why do you think these cities have so many immigrants? o Are there any immigrants in your province? Where do they come from originally? 1
2 CONVERSATION Where did you learn to skate? A Listen and practice Ted: Oh, I’m really sorry. Are you OK? Ana: I’m fine. But I’m not very good at this. Ted: Neither am I. Say, Are you from South America? Ana: Yes, I am, originally. I was born in Argentina. Ted: Did you grow up there? Ana: Yes, I did, but family moved here eight years ago, when I was in high school. Ted: And where did you learn to skate? Ana: Here in the park. This is only my third time. Ted: Well, it’s my first time. Can you give me some lessons? Ana: Sure. Just follow me. Ted: By the way, my name is Ted. Ana: And I’m Ana. Nice to meet you. 3 Grammar Focus Past tense Past tense is used with an action that started and finished in the past Where were you born? When did you move to London? I was born in Canada. I moved here six years ago. I didn't speak English Did you take English classes in Germany? Were you born in Venice, Italy? Yes, I did. I took classes for two years Yes, I was. No, I didn't. My uncle taught me at home No, I wasn’t. I was born in Melbourne. 2
A Complete these dialogues. Then practice with a partner. 1. A: Could you tell me a little about yourself? Where ..…….. you born? B: I........... born in Korea. A: …............. you grow up there? B: No, I.................. . I …………... up in Canada 2. A: Where …………… you go to secondary school? B: I …………… to secondary school in Parafield. A: And when ……………. you graduate? B: I ………………. last year. Now, I work as an accountant. 3. A: ………………. You have a favorite teacher when you ………… a child? B: Yes, I ……………. . I ………………… an excellent teacher named Mr. Edward. A: What ………………… he teach? B: He ………………… English B Pair work Take turns asking the questions in part A. Give your own information when answering. 4 LISTENING Life as an immigrant Listen to interviews with two immigrants to the United States. Complete the chart Yu Hong Ajay 1. Where is s/he from? ……………………… …………………. 2. When did s/he move to the U.S? ……………………… …………………. 3. What does s/he do now? ……………………… …………………. 4. What is difficult about being an ……………………… …………………. Immigrants? 5. What does s/he miss the most? ……………………… …………………. 3
5 SPEAKING Getting to know you B Pair work Interview a peer you don’t know very well. Use questions below and take notes. Begin like this: A: Hi! My name is …………………… B: Hello. I’m ………………….. Nice to meet you. A: Good to meet you, too. Could you tell me a little about yourself? B: Sure. What do you want to know? A: Well, where were you born? Where were you born? What were your best subjects? Did you grow up there? When did you first study English? Where did you go to elementary school? Do you have a big family? Were you an outstanding student in secondary school? Did you enjoy your childhood? B Group work Tell your group what you learnt about your peer by using your notes. “I’d like to introduce Alex. He was born in New Zealand, but he grew up in Sydney, Australia. …” 6 WORD POWER A Complete the word map. Add one more word to each category. Then compare with a partner. beach bicycle cat collect comics dog paint play chees rabbit scrapbook soccer ball summer camp tree house 4
Hobbies ……………………………………………… Places ……………………………………………… …beach…………………………………. ……………………………………………… ……………………………………………… ……………………………………………… Childhood memories Possessions Places ……………………………………………… ……………………………………………… ……………………………………………… ……………………………………………… ……………………………………………… ……………………………………………… B Pair work Choose three words from part A and use them to describe your childhood memories. A: I learn how to swim when I was in primary school. B: Who taught you? A: My dad and mum. B: Really? Me, too! 5
2A time to remember (Con’t) 7 CONVERSATION A Listen and practice Jeff: Hey! Are these pictures of you when you were a kid? Kim: Yeah. That’s me in front of my uncle’s beach house. When I was a kid, we used to spend two weeks there every summer. Jeff: Wow, I bet that was fun! Kim: Yeah. We always had a great time. Every day we used to get up early and walk along the beach. I had a great shell collection. In fact, I think it’s still up in the attic! Jeff: Hey, I used to collect shells, too, when I was a kid. But my parents threw them out! B Listen to the rest of the dialogue. What is Jeff’s favourite childhood memories? 8 Grammar Focus Used to “Used to” is used to refer to something that you regularly did in the past, but don’t do many more. 6
I used to be very messy, but now I'm very neat. Did you use to collect things? Yes, I used to collect comic books. No, I didn't use to collect anything, but now I collect art. What sports did you use to play? I never used to play sports, but now I play tennis. A Complete these sentences. Then compare with a partner. 1. In elementary school, I used to …………………......... 2. I used to be …………..……….., but I’m not anymore. 3. When I was a kid, I used to play…………………….... 4. After school, my best friend and I used to ……………. 5. I did not use to ………………………………………… 6. My parents never used to ………………..…………… B Pair work How have you change these things? Write five more sentences about yourself using used to your interests and hobbies food music dressing sport 9 PRONUNCIATION Used to 7
A Listen and practice. Notice that the pronunciation of used to and use to is the same. When I was a child. I used to play the trumpet. I used to have a nickname. I didn’t use to have a bicycle. 1 didn’t use to study very hard at school. B Pair work Practice the sentences you wrote in Exercise 8 again. Pay attention to the pronunciation of used to and use to. 10 SPEAKING Memories A Pair work Add three questions to this list. Then take turns asking and answering the questions. 1. What’s your favorite childhood memory? 2. What sports or games did you use to play when you were younger? 3. Did you use to have a nickname? 4. Where did you use to spend your vacations? 5. How has your taste in music changed? 6. …………………………………………………….. 7. ……………………………………………………. 8. ……………………………………………………. B Class activity Tell the class two interesting things about your partner. 11 Writing About yourself 1 A Write a paragraph about things you used to do as a child. Use some of your ideas from Exercise 10. Just for fun, include one false statement. 8
When I was four years old,'1 my family moved to Australia. We had an old two-story house and a big yard My older brother and I used to play lots of games together, เท the summer, my favorite outdoor game was . . B Group work Share your paragraphs and answer any questions. 12 Reading 1 Scan the article. Where was she born? Where was she married? When did she win an Academy Award? Actress Nicole Kidman Wiis born in Honolulu, Hawaii, in 1967. Her father, an Australian, was a student in Hawaii at the time. When she was 4, the family returned to Australia, and Kidman grew up in a suburb of Sydney. Kidman became interested in acting early on. Her first experience came when site was six years old and she played a sheep in her school’s Christmas pageant. She trained in drama and dance through her teen years, she got a couple of TV parts before she made her breakthrough: In 1985, the Australian film Institute named her Actress of the Year for her role in the TV miniseries Vietnam. She was only 17. In 1989, Kidman appeared in the creepy thriller Dend Calm- This performance earned her the lead role in her first American movie, Days of Thunder. Her co-star was Tom Cruise. Following a whirlwind romance, Kidman and Cruise were married in Colorado on Christmas Eve, 1990. During the marriage, Kidman s career continued to grow. She and Cruise adopted 9
two children, and they worked hard to balance their careers and family life. Unfortunately, the marriage didn't last. Kidman and Cruised divorced in 2001. After the divorce, Kidman threw herself into her work. She starred in a number of high-profile movies, including the musical Moulin Rouge. Then, in 2003, she won both an Academy Award and a ( Golden Globe for her role as Virginia Woolf in the film The Hours. And what does she think of her fame? “It’s a fleeting moment,\" she has said. “How long will it last? Who knows? But it's here and it's now,” A Read the article. Find the words in italics in the article. Then circle the meaning of each word or phrase. 1. When you make a breakthrough, you experience a sudden advance / accident. 2. When something is creepy, it gives you a feeling of joy and excitement / fear and disgust. 3. A whirlwind describes something that happens slowly / quickly. 4. When Kidman threw herself into her work, she worked very hard / stopped working. 5. When something is fleeting, it lasts a short / long time. 10
…… a. She divorced Tom Cruise. ……… f. She won her first award, …… b. She had her first acting experience. ……… g. She adopted two children. …… c. She won an Academy Award. ……….h. She was born in Hawaii. …… d. She moved 1.0 Australia. ……….i. She studied drama and dance …… e. She made her first American movie. ……….j. She married Toni Cruise. B Number these sentences from 1 (first events to 10 (last event). C Pair work Who is your favorite actor or actress? What’s interesting details you know about his or her life and career? 11
3Caught in the rush 1 WORD POWER Compound nouns A Make compound nouns by matching the words in columns A and B. (More than one answer is possible) Railway + station = Railway station A B bicycle garage bus news jam parking lane street light subway space taxi stand traffic station train stop system B Pair work How many compound nouns can you make beginning with these words? Police telephone fire train 2 CONVERSATION A Listen and practice Lynn: Why is there never a bus when you want one? Sam: Good question. There aren’t enough buses on this route. Lynn: Sometimes I feel like writing a letter to the paper. Sam: Good idea. You should say that we need more subway lines, too. Lynn: Yeah. There should be more public transportation in general. Sam: And fewer cars! There’s too much traffic. 12
Lynn: Say, is that our bus coming? Sam: Yes, it is. But look. It’s full. Lynn: Oh, no! Let’s go and get a cup of coffee. We can talk about this letter I’m going to write. B Listen to the rest of the dialogue. What else is wrong with the transportation system in their city? 3 GRAMMAR FOCUS Adverb of quantity With count nouns With noncount nouns There is too much traffic. There are too many cars. There should be less pollution. There should be fewer cars. We need more public transportation. We need more subway lines. There isn't enough parking. There aren’t enough buses. A Complete these statements about problems of transportation. The compare with a partner. (More than one answer may possible) 1. There are ……………………. police officers. 2. There should be …………………… cars in the city. 3. There is …………………public transportation. 4. The government needs to build ……………… highways. 5. There should be …………….. noise. 6. We should have ………………. public parking garages. 7. There is ………………… air pollution in the city. 8. There are ………………….. cars parked on the streets. B Group work Complete these statements about the city you are living in. Then compare with others. 1. We need more ……………………………….. 2. There should be less ………………………… 3. The city should provide more ………………. 4. We don’t have enough ……………………… 5. There is too much …………………………... 6. There should be fewer ……………………… 7. There isn’t enough …………………………. 4 LISTENING Singapore solves it 13
A Listen to someone talk about how Singapore has tried to solve its traffic problems. Check () True or False for each statement. True False 1. Motorists are never allowed to drive into the business district. 2. People need a special certificate to buy a car. 3. Cars cost more than in the United States or Canada. 4. Public transportation still needs to be improved. B Listen again. For statements that you marked false, write the correct information. C Class activity Could the ideas of solutions adopted in Singapore work in your city? Why or why not? 5 DISCUSSION You be the judge! A Group work Which of these transportation services are available in your city or town? Discuss what is good and bad about each one. taxi service the subway system facilities for pedestrians the train system parking the bus system B Group work How would you rate the transportation services where you live? Give each item a rating from 1 to 5. 5 = excellent 4 = good 3 = average 2 = needs improvement 1 = terrible A: I’d give the taxi service a rating of 4. There are enough taxis, but there are too many bad drivers. B: I think a rating of 4 is too high. There should be more taxi stands and . . . 6 WRITING A Write a paragraph about transportation in your city. Public transportation is good in my city. We have an excellent taxi system. The traffic moves quickly, except at peak hours. However, there should be more public parking. There are not enough parking space downtown, so it always take too much time to find a space 14
4 Caught in the rush (Con’t) 7 SNAPSHOT tuk-tuk ferry cable car magnetic levitation train gondola Bangkok, Hong Kong, San Francisco, Berlin, Germany Venice, Thailand China California, USA Italy Discussion questions Have you used any of these kinds of transportation? Are there any unusual forms of transportation in your city or country? What kinds of transportation do you usually use? 8 CONVERSATION Could you tell me …? A Listen and practice Kate: Excuse me. Could you tell me where the bank is? Clerk: There’s one upstairs, across from the duty-free shop. Kate: Do you know what time it opens? Clerk: It should be open now. It opens at 8:00 A.M. Kate: Oh, good. And can you tell me how often the buses leave for the city? Clerk: You need to check at the transportation counter. It’s right down the hall. Kate: OK. And just one more thing. Do you know where the rest rooms are? Clerk: Right behind you. Do you see where that sign 15
Kate: Oh. Thanks a lot. B Listen to the rest of the conversation. the location of a cash machine the location of a restaurant Check () the information that Erica asks for. The cost of a taxi to the city The location of the taxi stand 9 GRAMMAR FOCUS Indirect questions from Wh-questions Wh-questions with be Indirect questions Where is the market? Could you tell me where the market is? Where are the banks? Do you know where the banks are? Wh-questions with do or did Indirect questions How often do the trams leave? Can you tell me how often the trams leave? What time does the bank open? Do you know what time the bank opens? When did Flight 224 arrive? Do you know when Flight 224 arrived? A Write indirect questions by using Wh-questions. Then compare with a partner. 1. How much does a magazine cost? ……………………………………………. 2. Where is the nearest ATM? ……………………………………………. 3. What time do the banks open? ……………………………………………. 4. How often do the buses come? ……………………………………………. 5. Where can I get a good meal? ……………………………………………. 6. How late do the nightclubs stay open? ……………………………………………. 7. How early do the trams run? ……………………………………………. 8. What is the best hotel in this city? ……………………………………………. B Pair work Take turns asking the questions you wrote in part A. Give your own information when answering. A: Do you know how often the buses come? 16
B: Every half hour. 10 PRONUNCIATION Question intonation A Listen and practice. Wh-questions usually have falling intonation. Indirect questions usually have rising intonation. What time does the barber shop open? Can you tell me what time the barber shop open? Where is the post office? Do you know where the post office is? B Practice these questions. Pay attention to the intonation of question. Where is Flinders street? Can you tell me where Flinders street is? What time does the museum close? Do you know what time the museum closes? 11 TOURIST A Pair work What would a visitor visiting your city ask about? Think of six questions about transportation, accommodations, tourist attraction and other services in your city. B Group work Take turn questioning and answering your questions. A: Could tell me where the Opera House is? Useful expressions B: Let me think. Oh, yes, it’s ….. Let me think. Oh, yes, ……. I’m not really sure, but I think …. Sorry, I don’t know. It’s close to/near ….. It’s on the corner of ….. It’s next to …. Opera House, Sydney, Australia 17
12 READING What to do … What do people usually do while they’re waiting in an airport? Many people are upset when their flight is delayed. Not only do they have to change their schedule but, even worse, they have to wait in an airport! There’s no need to be upset, though. Airports are much better places these days than most people realise. Healthrow Airport, London Schiphol Airport, Amsterdam Honolulu Airport, Hawaii Belief: Airport food is Belief: shopping in an Belief: Airports make bad as bad as airplane airport is great, that is, if people uncomfortable and food. you need a T-shirt. tense. Reality: Airports have Reality: In Amsterdam, Reality: The airport at fine international cuisine- you can buy anything from Honolulu has peaceful from fresh seafood in perfume to diamonds. In gardens. Pittsburgh has a London to Korean El Paso, Texas, you can meditation room: When barbecue in Honolulu. buy unique knives or you walk in, relaxing And you can stock up on regional art. The art is so music comes on and something to have for interesting that some pictures of clouds are later-for example, chees people fly to El Paso just projected on the walls. If and caviar in Paris. to visit the airport gallery. you prefer exercise, hotels And Singapore’s airport is at the airports in Los known for some of the Angeles, Dallas, and many best shopping in the other cities have fitness world! centers that anyone can use. So, the next time you’re stuck in an airport, have some fun! A Read the article. In which airport can you do the following? Write the letter of the correct place. 1. Meditate surrounded by music and clouds …… a. Amsterdam 2. Eat Korean barbecue …… b. Dallas 3. Buy an interesting painting …. c. Singapore 4. Exercise in a fitness centre …. d. Honolulu 18
5. Buy a diamond …. e. Pittsburgh 6. Visit one of the world’s best shopping places …. f. El Paso B Group work Talk about these questions. 1. Which airport mentioned in the article would you prefer to wait in? why? 2. Imagine your flight is delayed. What would you prefer to do: eat, shop, or relax? Anything else? 19
5 Time for change! 1 WORD POWER Houses and apartments A These words are used to describe houses and apartments. Which are positive (P)? Which are negative (N)? Bright…P…. dingy……. private……. comfortable……. expensive……. quiet……. convenient……. huge……. safe……. cramped……. inconvenient……. shabby……. dangerous……. modern……. small……. dark……. noisy……. spacious……. B Pail work Tell your partner two positive and two negative features about your house or apartment. “My apartment is very dark and a little cramped. However, it’s in a safe neighborhood and it's very' private.” 2 CONVERSATION Apartment hunting A Listen and practice Mr. Smit: What do you think? Mrs. Smit: Well, it has just as many bedrooms as the last apartment. And the living room is huge. Ann: But the bedrooms are too small. And there isn’t enough closet Space for my clothes. Mr. Smit: And it’s not as cheap as the last one we saw. Mrs. Smit: But the apartment was dark and dingy. And it was in a Dangerous neighbourhood. Mr. Smit: Let’s see if the real estate agent has something else to show us. 20
B Listen to the Smits talking about another apartment. What does Ann like about it? What doesn’t she like? 3 GRAMMAR FOCUS Evaluations and comparisons Evaluations with adjectives Evaluations with nouns Apartments aren't big enough for families. Apartments don't have enough parking Apartments are too small for pets. spaces. Houses cost too much money. Comparisons with adjectives Comparisons with nouns Houses aren't as convenient as apartments. Houses are just as convenient as apartments. Apartments have just as many rooms as houses. Apartments don't have as much privacy as houses A Imagine you are looking for a house or apartment to rent. Head the two ads. Then rewrite the opinions below using the words in parentheses. 1. There are only a few windows. (not enought) 5. It’s not spacious enough. (too) 2. It’s not bright enough. (too) 6. It’s too old. (not enough) 3. It has only one bathroom. (not enough) 7. It isn’t quiet enough. (too) 4. It’s not convenient enough. (too) 8. There’s only one parking space. (not enought) Ex: 1. “There aren’t enough windows.” B Write comparisons of the house and apartment using these words and as….as. Then compare with a peer. Apartment 1 Apartment 2 Bright big bedrooms expensive Apartment 1 isn’t as bright as apartment 2 21
Bathrooms modern C Group work Which would you prefer to rent, the house or the apartment? Explain your reasons. A: I’d rent the apartment because the house costs too much. B: I’d choose the house. The apartment isn’t big enough for my dogs! 4 PRONUNCIATION Sentence stress A Listen and practice. Stress the words in a sentence that carry the most important information. The apartment isn’t big enough. There aren’t adequate closets. The kitchen is too cramped. There isn’t enough light. B Group work Practice the sentences you wrote in part A of exercise 3. Pay attention to sentence stress. 5 LISTENING A Listen to three people call about apartment advertisements. Check () the words that best describe each apartment. 1. quiet noisy 2. spacious small 3. expensive reasonable spacious cramped modern old convenient inconvenient safe dangerous quiet noisy dark light B Listen again. Do you think each caller is going to rent the apartment? Why and why not? 6 SNAPSHOT Add more hours to the day Move to new place Improve my personality Change my appearance enjoy life more do a different job become healthier 22 Meet new people Make new friends Based on interviews with adults between the ages of 18 and 50
Talk about these questions. Which of these wishes would you like to do? Which would be difficult or impossible? Check () some of the things you would like to do. Then tell a partner why. What other things would you like to change about your life? Why? 23
6 Time for change! (Con’t) 7 CONVERSATION Making wishes A Listen and practice Roy: So, are you still living with your family, Pex? Pex: I’m afraid so. I wish I had my own apartment. Roy: Why? Don’t you like living at home? Pex: It’s OK, but my parents are always asking me to be home before midnight. I wish they’d stop worrying about me. Roy: Yeah, parents are like that! Pex: And they expect me to help around the house. I hate housework. I wish life weren’t so difficult. Roy: So, why don’t you move out? Pex: Hey, I wish I could, but where else can I get free room and board? B Listen to the rest of the conversation. What changes would Pex like to make in his life? 8 GRAMMAR FOCUS Wish Use wish + past tense to refer to present wishes. I live with my parents. Life is difficult. I wish I didn't live with my parents. I wish it were easier. I wish I had my own apartment. I wish it weren’t so difficult. I can't move out. My parents won’t stop worrying about me. I wish I could move out. I wish they would stop worrying about me. Note: After wish, were is used with all pronouns 24
A Write response by using wish for each statement. Then compare with a partner (More than one answer is possible.) 1. Diane can't wear contact lenses. She wishes she could wear contact lenses. 2. Beth's class is so boring. ………………………………………….. 3. My parents can’t afford a new car. ………………………………………….. 4. Dan can’t fit into his old jeans. ………………………………………….. 5. I can’t remember my PIN number. ………………………………………….. 6. Laura doesn’t have any free time. ………………………………………….. B Pair work Think of five things you wish you could change. Then discuss them with your partner. A: What do you wish you could charge? R: Well, I’m not in very good shape. I wish I were more fit. 9 LISTENING A Listen to four people talking about things they wish they could change. Check () the topic each person is talking about. 1. apartment leisure skills interests job school hobbies appearance B Listen again. What change would each person like to make? Why? 10 TIME FOR A CHANGE A What do you wish were different about these situation? Write down your wishes. Then compare with a partner. your appearance your skills your school or job your home your affection your hobby B Group work Choose couple of your wishes from part A. Take turns talking about your wishes and how you would make the necessary changes. A: I wish I could change my job. 25
B: Really? A: Yes. I’d like to be a musician. C: A musician? Wow! A: I’d like to play the guitar in a rock band. I could take guitar lesson. And then … 11 READING Break Those Bad Habits Skim the article. What three bad habits does the article mention? Some people leave work until the last minute, a lot of us can’t stop gossiping, and others always arrive to events late. These aren’t serious problems, but they are bad habits that can cause trouble. Habits like these waste your time and, in some cases, might even affect your relationships. What can you do about them? Read this advice to end your bad habits for good! 1. Problem: Do you leave projects until the very last minute and then stay up all nigh I to finish them? 2. Solutions: People often put things off because they seem overwhelming. Try dividing the project into smaller steps. After you finish each task, reward yourself with a snack or a call to a friend. 3. Problem: Do you try not to talk about other people, but can't help yourself? Do you often feel bad after you’ve done it? 4. Solutions: First, don’t listen to gossip. If someone tells you a secret, just say, “Really? I haven't heard that.” Then think of some other news to offer - about yourself. 26
5. Problem: Are you always late? Do your friends invite you to events a half hour early? 6. Solutions: Set an alarm dock. For example, if a movie starts at 5:00 and it takes 25 minutes to get to the theater, you have to leave at 4:35. Set the alarm to go off at the time you need to leave. A Read the article. Then check () the best description of the article. The article starts with a description and then gives advice. The article starts with a description and then gives facts. The article gives the writer’s opinion B Where do these sentences belong? Write the number of the paragraph where each sentence could go. …………... a. You can also ask น friend to come to your home before the event. …………... b. Ask yourself: “How would I feel if someone told my secrets?” …………... c. Do you ever make up excuses to explain your unfinished work? …………... d. Are you ever so late that the people you’re meeting leave? …………... e. You can also ask a friend to call you to ask about your progress. …………... f. Are people afraid to tell you things about themselves? C Pair work Can you think of another way to break each of these bad habits? 27
7 I’ve never heard of that! 1 SNAPSHOT Favorite ethnic dishes KOREA BRAZIL LATIN AMERICA SINGAPORE Bulgogi Feijoada Ceviche Fish head Beef marinated curry A dish made of Raw seafood with soy sauce black beans, garlic, marinated in lime A dish made from and other spices spices and pork juice and chili a fish head cooked peppers in a rich curry Sources: fador’s South America; Fador’s Southeast Asin; www.globalgourmets.caoumce Which dishes are made with meat? with fish or seafood? Have you ever tried any of these dishes? Which ones would you like to try? What ethnic foods are popular in your country? 2 CONVERSATION Have you ever …? A Listen and practice Steve: Hey, this sounds strange - snails with garlic. Have you ever eaten snails? Kathy: Yes, I have. I had them here just last week. Steve: Did you like them? Kathy: Yes, 1 did. They were delicious! Why don't you try some? Steve: Wo, 1 don’t think so. Waiter: Have you decided on an appetizer yet? 28
Kathy: Yes. I'll have a small order of the snails, please. Waiter: And you, sir? Steve: I think I’ll have the fried brains. Kathy: Fried brains? I’ve never heard of that! It sounds scary. A Listen to the rest of the conversation. How did Steve like the fried brains? What else did he order? 3 PRONUNCIATION Reduced forms Listen and practice. Notice how did you and have you are pronounced in these questions Did you skip breakfast this morning? Did you cook your own dinner last night? Have you ever tried Indian food? Have you ever eaten snails? 4 GRAMMAR FOCUS Simple past vs present perfect Use the simple past for completed events at a definite time in the past. Use the present perfect for events within a time period up to the present. Have you ever eaten snails? Have you ever been to a Vietnamese restaurant? Yes, I have. I tried them last month. No, I haven't. But I ate at a Thai restaurant last night. Did you like thorn? Did you go alone? Yes, I did. They were delicious. No, I went with some friends. A Complete these conversations. Then practice with a partner 1. A: Have you ever ………….. (be) to a picnic at the beach? B: Yes. I …………. We ……….. (cook) vegetable slad. 2. A: Have you ……………. (try) sushi? B: No, I . …….. , but I’d like to. 3. A: Did you …………(have) breakfast today? 29
B: Yes, I …………… . I ……………(eat) a huge breakfast. 4. A: Have von ever ……………. (eat) Chinese food? B: Yes, I ……….. . In fact, I…………. (eat) some just last week. 5. A: Did you ……….. (drink) tea this afternoon? B: Yes, I ……………… .I ………. (have) some on my way to work. B Pair work Ask and answer the questions in part A. Give your own information. 5 LISTENING Listen to six people asking questions about food and drink in a restaurant. Check () the item that each person is talking about. water coffee soup coffee cake the check bread the meal pasta the meat coffee the menu 6 SPEAKING Tell me more Pair work Ask your partner these questions and four more of your own. Then ask follow-up questions. Have you ever been on a diet? Have you ever tried ethnic food? Have you ever been to a vegetarian restaurant? Have you ever eaten something you didn’t like? A: Have you ever been on a diet? B: Yes, I have. A: Did you lose any weight? B: No, I didn't. I actually gained weight! 30
8 I’ve never heard of that! (Con’t) 7 WORD POWER Cooking methods bake fry roast boil baebecue steam Methods Foods bake fish shrimp eggs chicken beef potatoes onions eggplant bananas fry roast boil barbecue steam B Pair work What’s your favorite way to cook or eat the foods in part A? A: Have you ever steamed fish? B: No, I haven’t. I prefer to bake it. 8 CONVERSATION A Listen and practice. Kate: What’s your favourite snack? Jim: Oh, it’s sandwich with peanut butter, honey, and a banana. It’s really delicious! Kate: Ugh! I’ve never heard of that! How do you make it? Jim: Well, first, you take two slices of bread and spread peanut butter on them. Then cut a banana into pieces and put them on one the slices of bread. Finally, pour some 31
honey over bananas and put the other slice of bread on top. Yum! Kate: Yuck! It sounds awful! B Listen to the rest of the conversation. What is Kate’s fovorite snack? Would you like to try it? Why or why not? 9 GRAMMAR FOCUS Sequence adverbs First, mix the peanut butter arid banana together. Then toast the slices of bread. Next, spread the mixture on the toast. After that, put the sandwich in a pan with butter. Finally, fry the sandwich until it's brown on both sides. A Here’s a recipe for barbecued kebabs. Look at the pictures and number the steps from 1 to 5. Then add a sequence adverb to each step. …………. put the meat and vegetables on the skewers. …………. put charcoal in the barbecue and light it. …………. take the kebabs off the barbecue and enjoy! …………. put the kebabs on the barbecue and cook for 10 to 15 minutes, turning them over from time to time. …………. Cut up some meat and vegetables. Marinate them for 20 minutes in your favorite barbecue sauce. B Pair wotk Cover the recipe and look only at the pictures. Explain each step of the recipe to your partner. 10 LISTENING Tempting snacks A Listen to people explain how to make these snacks. Which snack are they talking about? Number the photos from 1 to 4. 32
B Pair work Choose one of the recipes you just heard about. Can you remember how to make it? Tell your partner. C Group work Take turns describing how to make your favorite snack. Then tell the class about the most interesting one. A: What’s your favorite snack? B: It’s …… C: What ingredients do you need to make it? B: You need …. A: How do you make it? B: Well, first, you …. After that, …. Next, …… Then …. 11 SPEAKING My favorite snack Group work Take turns describing how to make your favorite snack. Then tell the class about the most interesting one. A: What’s your favorite snack? B: Well, I like to make . . . C: How do you make it? B: First, you . . . 12 WRITING A recipe A Write a recipe for an interest dish. First, list the ingredients you need. Then describe how to make the dish. Ex: This recipe is for papaya salad. For the dish, you need fresh papaya, tomatoes, chili, fermented fish sauce and … . Then chop the papaya into small pieces. …………… B Group work Exchange recipes and read them. Is there a recipe you would like to try? Why? 33
13 READING We often eat to calm down or cheer up when we're feeling stressed or depressed. Now new research suggests there's a reason: Food changes our brain chemistry. These changes powerfully influence our moods. But can certain foods really make us feel better? Nutrition experts say yes. But what should we eat and what should we avoid? Here are the foods that work the best, as well as those that can make a bad day worse. To Outsmart Stress ____________ What's good? Recent research suggests that foods that are high in carbohydrates, such as bread, rice, and pasta, can help you calm down. Researchers say that carbohydrates cause the brain to release a chemical called serotonin. Serotonin makes you feel better. What's bad?Many people drink coffee when they feel stress. The heat is soothing and the caffeine in coffee might help you think more clearly. But if you drink too much, you may become even more anxious and irritable. To Soothe the Blues _____________ What's good? Introduce more lean meat, chicken, seafood, and whole grains into your diet. These foods have a lot of selenium. Selenium is a mineral that helps people feel more relaxed and happy. You can also try eating a Brazil nut every day. One Brazil nut contains a lot of selenium. What's bad? When they're feeling low, many people turn to comfort foods or foods that make them feel happy or secure. These often include things like sweet desserts. A chocolate bar may make you feel better at first, but within an hour you may feel worse than you did before. 34
A Read the article. The sentences below are false. Correct each sentence to make it true. 1. We often eat when we feel calm. 2. You should drink coffee to relieve stress, 3. Foods like chicken and seafood are high in carbohydrates. 4. Carbohydrates cause the brain to release selenium. 5. Serotonin makes you feel more anxious and irritable, 6. People usually eat comfort foods when they’re feeling happy. 7. You shouldn’t eat more than one Brazil nut a day. 8. Chocolate will make you feel better. B Group work What foods do you eat to feel better? After reading the article, which of the advice will you follow'? 35
9 Going places 1 SNAPSHOT What do you like to do on vacation? visit a foreign take language or catch up on reading go camping, hiking, country cooking lessons or fishing travel through my visit museums and fix up the house relax at the beach own country art galleries Based on information from U.S. News and World Report; American Demographics Which activities do you like to do on vacation? Check () the activities. Which activities did you do on your last vacation? Make a list of other activities you like to do on vacation. Then compare with a partner. 2 CONVERSATION What are you going to do? A Listen and practice Jessica: I'm so excited! We have a month off! What are you going to do? Catherin: I’m not sure. I guess I'll just stay home. Maybe I’ll watch a few DVDs. What about you? Any plans? Jessica: Yeah, I’m going to relax at the beach with my cousin for a couple of weeks. We’re going to go surfing every day. Catherin: Sounds like fun. 36
Jessica: Say, why don’t you come with US? Catherin: Do you mean it? I’d love too! I’ll bring my surfboard! B Listen to the rest of the conversation. Where are they going to stay? How will they get there? 3 GRAMMAR FOCUS Future with be going to and will Use be going to + verb for plans Use will + verb for possible plans you've decided on. before you've made a decision. What are you going to do? What are you going to do? I’m not sure. I guess I'll just stay home. I'm going to relax at the beach. Maybe I'll watch a few DVDs. We're going to go surfing every day. I don't know. I think I'll go camping. I'm not going to do anything special. I probably won't go anywhere. A Complete the conversation with appropriate forms of be going to or will. Then compare with a partner. A: Have you made any vacation plans? B: Well, I’ve decided on one thing - I …………………. go camping. A: That’s great! For how long? B: I …………….. be away for a week. I only have five days of vacation. A: So, when are you leaving? B: I’m not sure. I ………….. probably leave around the end of May. A: And where ……… you ………….. go? B: I haven’t thought about that yet. I guess I …………… go to one of the national parks. A: That sounds like fun. B: Yeah. Maybe I ………….. go biking and do some fishing. A: …………..you ……………. rent a camper? 37
B: I’m not sure. Actually, I probably …………….. rent camper — it’s too expensive. A: …………… you …………….go with anyone? B: No. I need some time alone. I ………………… travel by myself. B Have you thought about your next vacation? Write answers to these questions. (If you already have plans, use be going to. If you don’t have fixed plans, use will.) 1. How are you going to spend your next vacation? 2. Where are you going to go? I'm going to take my next vacation . 3. When are you going to take your vacation? 4. How long are you going to be on vacation? OR I'm not sure. Maybe I’ll 5. Is anyone going to travel with you? C Group work Take turns telling the group about your vacation plans. Use your information from part B. 4 WRITING Itineraries Write about the trip you planned in Exercise 3 or another trip you are going to take. Next summer, I am going to travel to Indonesia with my Family. We’re going to visit Borobodur in central Java. It’s One of the biggest temples in the world. And we’ll probably Visit several other temples nearby. … 5 LISTENING A Listen to Judy, Paul, and Brenda describe their summer plans. Check () the right piece of information about each person’s plans. 1. Judy 2. Paul 3. Brenda Who …? is going to learn about distinct culture will probably visit several different countries probably won’t take a vacation is going to lie on the beach is going to do something exiting and a little dangerous B Listen again. What is the main reason for each person’s choice? 38
6 WORD POWER Travel planning A Complete the chart. Then add one more word to each category. Backpack first-aid kit overnight bag shorts vaccination passport suitcase visa cash hiking boots plane ticket traveler’s checks windbreaker crerlit Card medication Clothing Money Health Documents Language ………………………… ………………………… ………………………… ………………………… ………………………… ………………………… ………………………… ………………………… ………………………… ………………………… ………………………… ………………………… ………………………… ………………………… ………………………… B Pair work What are the five most important items you need for these vacations: a trip to a foreign country? a rafting trip? a mountain-climbing expedition? 39
10 Going places (Con’t) 7 CONVERSATION A Listen and practice. Lucy: Hey, Mom. I want to backpack around Europe this summer. What do you think? Mom: Backpack around Europe? That sound dangerous! You shouldn’t go by yourself. You ought to go with someone. Lucy: Yes, I thought of that. Mom: And you’ve better talk to your father first. Lucy: I already did. He thinks it’s a good idea. He wants to come with me. B Class activity Would you like to backpack around Europe? Which countries would you like to visit? Why? 8 GRAMMAR FOCUS A Choose the best advice for someone who is going on vacation. Then compare with a partner. 1. You …………….. make hotel reservations in advance. It might be difficult to find a room alter you get there, (have to /’d better) 2. You ……………… carry identification with you. It’s the law! (must / should) 3. You ………………. buy a round-trip plane ticket because it’s cheaper, (must / should) 40
4. You ……………….. pack too many clothes. You won’t have room to bring back any gifts. (don’t have to / shouldn’t) 5. You ……………….. check out of most hotel rooms by noon if you don’t want to pay for another night. (need to / ought to) 6. You ……………….. buy a new suitcase because your old one is getting shabby. (have to / ought to) B Pair work Imagine you’re going to travel abroad. Take turns giving each other advice. “ You must get the necessary vaccinations.” 1. You . …… . get the necessary vaccinations. 2. You . ……. . take your ATM card with you. 3.You . ……. . get the visa required for each country. 4. You . …….. forget to pack your camera. 5. You . ……. . have a passport to enter a foreign country. 6. You ………. change money before you go. You can do it when you arrive. B Group work What advice would you give someone who is going to study English abroad? Report your best ideas to the class. 9 PRONUNCIATION ought to and have to A Listen and practice. Notice the pronunciation of ought to and have to in these sentences. You have to get a passport. You ought to take a credit card. You have to get a visa. You ought to go in June. B Pair work Write two sentences by using ought to and have to. Then practice them with a partner. Pay attention to pronunciation. 10 DISCUSSION Dream vacation A Pair work You just won a free 30-day trip around the world. Discuss the following questions. When will you leave and return? Which route will you take? 41
Where will you choose to stop? Why? How many days will you spend in each place? B Pair work What do you need to do before you go? Discuss these issues. Visas hotel reservations vaccinations Money what to buy and pack A: We’d better find out if we need to get any visas, B; Yes, and I think we ought to buy some guidebooks. 11 LISTENING Tourist tips A Listen to an interview with a spokeswoman from the New York City Visitor’s Center. Check () the four topics she discusses. planning a trip safety money eating out tours history B Listen again. For each topic, write one piece of advice she gives. 12 READING Getting Away From It All Check () the statements you think are true. Then scan the article to check your answers Wear layers of clothing to go backpacking put heavy items at the top of your backpack. Mike O'Brien has been backpacking for over 20 years. He often spends up to 30 days at a time outdoors. In a recent interview with Outdoor Magazine, he offered some expert tips for new backpackers. OM: …………………………… MO: Backpacking and camping are my favorite things to do. It can get difficult at times, but I just love getting away from it all. OM: …………………………… 42
MO: The two most important things to know are how to dress comfortably and how to pack your equipment well. OM: ………………………… MO: They need to understand the purpose of outdoor clothing. Clothes need to keep you warm in the cold, block the wind, and keep you dry in the rain. In hot environments, clothes should also protect you from the sun. You don't have control over the weather or the temperature. So you should dress in light layers of clothing. That way, if you are hot, you can take off clothes. And if you are cold, you can add clothes OM : …………………. MO: Access and balance are the keys to packing well. First, access: Don’t bury things you need — such as extra clothes, food, or water - at the bottom of your backpack. Second. balance: Remember, you're going to wear your backpack, it has to be balanced or you could fall over! Don’t make your pack too heavy at the top or bottom. It’s best to keep the heaviest items close to your back. OM: ………………….. MO: Yes. Have fun! That's the only reason to do it! A Read the article. Then write these questions in the appropriate place. 1.What do all beginners need to know? 2. And how should they pack for a trip 3. Any final words? 4. How should people dress for backpacking? 5. Why do you spend so much time in the wilderness? B Complete the summary with information from the article. Mike O’Brien is an expert ………….. . For beginners, he says that there are ……………… important things to remember: …………………..and ……….. . Because you don’t have control over………………….., you should dress in ………………. . The keys to packing are ………………….. and …………………. . 43
Don’t ………….at the bottom of your backpack. And don’t make your pack……………………………... . C Choose a sport or activity you know well. What “expert’ tips would you offer beginners. 11 Sure. No problem! 1 SNAPSHOT Parents about teens: Teens about parents: My kids …. My kids …. don't help out around the house nag about household chores don't listen to our advice don't like my friends have strange friends criticize my appearance dress badly and have ugly hairstyles bother me about homework don't study enough always tell me what to do Which complaints seem reasonable? Which ones seem unreasonable? Why? Check () a complaint you have about a family member. What other complaints do people sometimes have about family members? 2 CONVERSATION Turn down the TV! A Listen and practice. Mr. Xayphaserd: Max . . . Max! Turn down the TV, please. 44
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