Health Science Digital Flipbook Priya Ramotar

Health Science Digital Flipbook By: Priya Ramotar (2B Ms.Kuberski)

Integumentary System ★ derm/o, dermat/o- skin ● Epidermis- outer layer Cyanosis- blue/purple Burns- injury due to of the skin discoloration of the skin extensive contact to heat ★ kerat/o- hard; Albinism- lack of production Cicatrix- scar left by a horn-shaped ● Melanin- skin of melanin healed wound tissue pigmentation ● Plastic surgeon- performs ★ xer/o- dry ● Lipocyte- fat storage operations on the skin ★ xanth/o- ● Keratin- primary part of ● Dermatologist- specializes yellow epidermis in all skin conditions ★ erythr/o- red ● Sebum- oily substance ★ pedicul/o- ● Nails- made of hard The Integumentary System consists of the skin which is the largest organ in the body. The Skin protects the body from louse keratin invaders, maintains body temperature, serves in perception of ★ onych/o- nail ● Gland- cell that secretes stimuli, and excretion. ★ myc/o- fungus ★ pil/o- hair; hair substances ● Lipids- fat cells follicle ● Collagen- fibrous ★ lip/o- fat ★ rhytid/o- protein ● Basal Layer- deepest wrinkle ★ albin/o- white epidermis layer

Musculoskeletal System ★ my/o- muscle ★ myel/o- bone ● Joint- where two bones Atrophy- shrinking of muscle Chondromalacia- softening of connect the bone marrow Hemiplegia- paralysis of half ★ oste/o- bone ● Bursa sac- contains the body Dislocation- bone displacement ★ cost/o- rib synovial fluid ★ crani/o- skull ● Physical Therapist- specialize ★ -pexy- ● Cranium- made up of in the movement of the body bones that protect the surgical brain ● Chiropractor- specialize in fixation the skeletal system and bone ★ chondr/o- ● Mandible- lower jawbone placement. cartilage ● Costals- 12 pairs of ribs ★ arthr/o- joint ● Myocardial muscle- The overall function of the musculoskeletal ★ -plegia system is to provide support and stability for -paralysis cardiac muscle the body while aiding in movement. The ★ kinesi/o- ● Elevation- raising of a skeletal system also protects the organs and movement aids in storage of minerals. The muscular body part system helps circulate blood and nutrients ● Striated muscle- skeletal throughout the body. muscle ● Peristalsis- involuntary movement ● Tendon- connects muscle to bone

Nervous System ★ neur/o- nerve ● Neurons- nerve cells ● Astrocytoma- tumor of the neuroglial tissue ● Cerebral cortex- outer ● Cerebral contusion- bruising in the cerebral tissue ★ encephal/o- ● Hemiparesis- paralysis of one side of the body brain layer of the cerebrum ● Paralysis- permanent or temporary loss of voluntary movement ● Reflex- involuntary ★ myel/o- bone ● Neurosurgeon- performs marrow response to stimuli operations on patients with ● Gray matter- brain disorders ★ ambul/o- walking unmyelinated nerve tissue ● Anesthesiologist- administers ● Cytoplasm- jelly-like fluid anesthesia to patients during ★ -esthesia- surgery feeling;sensa that protects the nucleus tion ● Nerves- bundle of neuron The function of the nervous system is to work together to control the ★ mening/o- fibers body and maintain homeostasis meninges ● Synaptic Cleft- space through sensory input, integration, and motor output. ★ psych/o- between two neurons mind ● Neuroglial cells- hold ★ concuss/o- nerves together shaken ● Gyri- curves in the brain together ● Sulci- depressions in the brain

Special Senses ★ irid/o- iris ★ -cusis- ● Choroid- blood rich outer ● Blepharitis- inflammation of the eyelid coating of the eye ● Deafness- loss of ability to hear hearing ● Otitis media- inflammation of the middle ear ★ -opia- ● Sclera- the white of the eye ● Otosclerosis- hardening of the bony tissue of the middle ear ● Lens- focuses images on vision ● Audiologist- specialist condition the retina in hearing and balance ★ ot/o- ear ● Auricle/pinna- outer ★ tympan/o- ● Ophthalmologist- treat ear drum ear/earlobe all eye conditions ★ ophthalm/ ● Cerumen- earwax o- eye ● Gustatory sense- sense of The function of the special senses is to ★ -metry- monitor stimuli to activate receptors process of taste which cause neural impulses to transmit measuring ● Lacrimal glands- secrete information to the brain. Basically, the special senses take input from outside tears stimuli to be interpreted by the brain. ● Aqueous humor- watery substance that gives the eye its shape ● Vitreous humor- keeps eye in place ● Cones- eye color receptors

Cardiovascular System ★ cardi/o- heart ● Diastolic pressure- blood ● Bradycardia- slow heart rate pressure between heartbeats ● Arrhythmia- irregular heartbeat ★ angi/o- blood ● Atherosclerosis- plaque buildup in the arteries vessel ● Systolic pressure- blood ● Hypertension- higher-than-normal blood pressure pressure while the heart is ★ hem/o- contracting ● Telemetry nurse- monitors blood patients’ heart rhythm ● Nodal system- electrical ★ hemat/o- current conduction of the ● Cardiologist- specialist in blood heart heart diseases and treatment ★ Brady- slow ● Systole- contraction of the The function of the cardiovascular ★ Tachy- fast ventricles system is to circulate oxygen-rich ★ thromb/o- blood throughout the body along ● Diastole- relaxation of the with other essential nutrients. clot ventricles ★ -emia- blood ● Purkinje fibers- line the condition ventricle walls ★ leuk/o- white ★ erythr/o- red ● Capillaries- fine blood vessels ★ arteri/o- ● Veins- carry oxygen-poor artery blood to the heart ● Venules- tiny blood vessels that merge with veins ● Auscultation- use of a stethoscope

Respiratory System ★ Bronch/o- bronchus ● Respiration- process of ● Dyspnea- difficult or painful breathing gas exchange ● Apnea- interruption of breathing ★ Cyan/o- blue ● Tachypnea- faster than normal breathing ★ Laryng/o- ● Ventilation- process of air ● Bronchospasm- sudden, involuntary contractions in the bronchi moving in and out of the larynx lungs ● Thoracic surgeon- performs ★ -oxia- surgery on organs in the chest ● Inspiration- breathing in oxygen ● Expiration- breathing out ● Perfusionist- manages heart-lung ★ Oxy- oxygen ● Respiratory rate- number machine when patient’s heart ★ Pleur/o- must be stopped during surgery of breaths in a minute pleura ● Pharynx- passageway for The function of the respiratory system is ★ Pneum/o- to exchange carbon dioxide for oxygen air, food, and liquids to supply the body with necessary lung; air ● Larynx- voice box nutrients through the bloodstream by ★ Pulmon/o- ● Glottis- space between the inhalation and exhalation. lung vocal cords ★ Thorac/o- ● Thoracic cage- rib cage ● Bony thorax- bone and chest ★ Trache/o- cartilage that surrounds the pleural membranes trachea

Digestive System ★ cholecyst/o- gallbladder ● Elimination- removing ● Cholecystitis- inflammation of the gallbladder waste from the body ● Cholelithiasis- condition of stones in the gallbladder ★ enter/o- ● Enteritis- inflammation of the intestines; diarrhea intestines ● Duodenum- first part of ● Hepatitis- inflammation of the liver (small) the small intestine ● Gastroenterologist- specialist in ★ col/o- colon; ● Labia- lips the conditions and diseases of large intestine ● Uvula- projection of tissue the digestive system ★ colon/o- from soft palate ● Registered Dietitian (RD)- colon; large ● Crown- part of teeth above supervises the preparation and intestine serving of food the gum line ★ hepat/o- liver ● Root- part of tooth in the The function of the digestive ★ gastr/o- system is to ingest food, gum digest food, absorb nutrients, stomach ● Nasopharynx- nose and and eliminate wastes. ★ or/o- mouth ★ -pepsia- throat ● Fundus- upper rounded digestion ★ chol/e- gall; part of the stomach ● Appendix- organ with no bile ★ proct/o- known function ● Protease- enzyme that rectum; anus helps break down proteins

Urinary System ★ -cele- hernia; swelling ● Urination- excretion of waste ● Anuria- absence of urine production products ● Diuresis- increase in urine production ★ -lysis- ● Dysuria- difficult or painful urination breakdown ● Renal Cortex- outer layer of the ● Enuresis- involuntary discharge of urine kidney ★ cyst/o- cyst; ● Urologist- physician who bladder ● Renal Medulla- inner region of specializes in disease of the urinary the kidney system ★ nephr/o- kidney ● Renal Calyces- cavities that ● Dialysis Technician- operates collect urine machine that removes metabolic ★ ren/o- waste and excess fluids from the kidney ● Urethra- transports urine from blood bladder to the outside of the ★ Uria- body The function of the Urinary urination System is to maintain ● Filtration- separate metabolic homeostasis, produce ★ -pexy- waste from the blood hormones, excrete and store surgical waste, and filtration. fixation ● Electrolytes- minerals that become ions ★ -ectasis- dilation ● Retroperitoneal Cavity- cavity behind the peritoneum ★ pyel/o- renal pelvis ● Urea- waste product of proteins broken down by the liver ● Reabsorption- body reclaims useful substances

Reproductive System ★ cervic/o- neck; cervis ● Conception- fusion of an egg ● Azoospermia- absence of sperm in semen; infertility and sperm ● Oligospermia- low number of sperm in semen ★ salping/o- ● Menorrhagia- excessively heavy menstrual bleeding fallopian tube ● Menstruation- shedding of ● Ovarian Cancer- cancerous tumor of the ovaries the inner layer of the uterus ★ ov/o- ovum ● Doula- professional to assist a birthing (egg) ● Zygote- united ovum and family before, during, and after the birth sperm of a baby ★ Orchid/o- testicle ● Cervix- lower portion of the ● Ob/gyn (obstetrician and gynecologist)- uterus specialist in the female reproductive ★ oophor/o- system, pregnancy, and childbirth ovary ● Effacement- thinning of the cervix The primary function of the ★ men/o- reproductive system is to produce sex menstruation ● Sperm- male gametes/sex cells for reproduction. The female cells body facilitates the growth of the ★ mamm/o- baby from a zygote in the uterus. breast ● Gonads- glands that produce gametes ★ gynec/o- female; ● Epididymis- large tube that woman supports the testis ★ colp/o- vagina ● Ejaculation- process of ★ prostat/o- expelling semen from the penis prostate gland ● Testosterone- male sex hormone