YEAR 2 module booklet 2018-9

HIST2087 – Islamism: From the 1980s to the Present (Dr Hormoz Ebrahimnejad) Semester 2, 30 creditsModule OverviewAs a political ideology, Islamism is a phenomenon of the twentieth century with different strands androoted in different countries and representing different social strata. This module examines Islamismin the first place as an intellectual movement, a reaction to modernity and modernisation projectsthat gained currency from the beginning of the twentieth century in the Near and Middle Easterncountries. Islamism extends from pure intellectual and cultural movements of the emerging middleclass to terrorist organisations such as al Qaeda and ISIS with nihilist inclination that constitutes thecore of their ideology.The module also examines the Western impact on the development of Islamism. Paradoxically, therise of Islamism that is best known for its anti- (or at least non-) Western characteristics has beeneither tolerated or supported by the Western World and the United States in particular both as adiscourse borne of Orientalism and as a political convenience during the last stages of the Cold War.In fact, Islamist states in the region, such as in Afghanistan, Iran and later on in Turkey were consideredby the West to constitute a new “security” belt that was to protect the Western interests against theSoviet Union and its successor, the Russian Federation. Unpredictable developments in Afghanistan,Iran and Iraq, however, caused costly wars but in exchange provided more opportunities for the USAto consolidate its military presence in the Middle East and Central Asia.Indicative List of Seminar Topics 124

 Religion and politics in Islam From Pan-Islamism to Islamism Islam and Modernity Political Islam and its different persuasions in Afghanistan, Chechnya, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and North Africa Islamist guerrillas and proxy war (Al-Qaeda, Salafite and Taliban, as political and military arms of the regional powers)Assessment % Contribution to Final Mark Assessment Method 35 65 Essay proposal (2000 words) Essay (4000 words)Sample Source‘Islam is a religion of those who struggle for truth and justice, of those who clamor for liberty andindependence. It is the school of those who fight against colonialism. Our one and only remedy is tobring down these corrupt and corrupting systems of government, and to overthrow the traitorous,repressive, and despotic gangs in charge. This is the duty of Muslims in all Islamic countries; this is theway to victory for all Islamic revolutions.Muslims have no alternative, if they wish to correct the political balance of society, and force those inpower to conform to the laws and principles of Islam, to an armed Jihad against profane governments.’ Ayatollah Khomeini, Little Green Book: Selected Fatwahs and Sayings of Ayatollah Khomeini, Translated into English by Harold Salemson — with a special introduction by Clive Irving Bantam Books, 1985 / ISBN: 0553140329 PDF Edition by Kultural Freedom, 2011, p. 1.Ayatollah Khomeini (1902-1989) was a political cleric who revolutionised the relationship betweenreligion and politics in Iran. In the above source, he justifies political Islam by the duty of the clerics tofight against colonialism and imperialism. However, after gaining power in Iran he went further andclaimed that the society should be governed according to the principles of shari’a (Islamic law). 125

HIST2090 – Britain’s Global Empire, 1750-1870 (Dr John McAleer) Semester 2, 30 credits Francis Hayman, Robert Clive and Mir Jafar after the Battle of Plassey, 1757 c. 1760, National Portrait Gallery)Module OverviewBy the middle of the eighteenth century, in the words of one contemporary, Britain had acquired a‘vast empire on which the sun never sets, and whose bounds nature has not yet ascertained’. Thecentury or so that followed played a key role in shaping today’s transnational and globalised world. Italso represents a crucial phase in British history, as the country emerged as a major power on theworld stage. In this module, we will explore the origins, expansion and consolidation of the BritishEmpire in this period across continents and oceans. By the end of the module, we will have studiedkey events in the foundation of Britain’s empire from a variety of perspectives, ranging across theglobe, and using an array of sources. Our close scrutiny of written primary sources – such as letters,journals and travelogues – as well as images and objects will help us to understand how this historicalperiod changed the world and Britain’s place in it. 126

Indicative List of Seminar Topics  The Atlantic: North America and the Caribbean  Enlightenment, exploration and emigration: the Pacific and Australia  Trade and empire in Asia: The East India Company  New horizons: Africa  Art in the service of empire  Collections, museums and empireAssessment % Contribution to Final Mark Assessment Method 50 50 Essay (4000 words) Exam (2 hours)Sample Source‘In this vast empire, on which the sun never sets, and whose bounds nature has not ascertained, onegreat superintending and controlling dominion must exist somewhere; and where can that dominionreside with so much dignity, propriety, and safety, as in the British legislature?’ Sir George Macartney, 1773Macartney was writing in the immediate after of the Seven Years War, a watershed in thedevelopment of the British Empire. His remarks point to the changing nature of the empire at thistime, and the increasingly important role that it would play in British politics, society and culture. Inthe space of barely a century, events such as the acquisition of Canada, the loss of thirteen Americancolonies, the rise of the East India Company in Asia, the exploration of the Pacific, and an emerginginterest in Africa irrevocably changed the nature of Britain’s relationship with the rest of the world. 127

HIST2096 - Evolution of US Counterterrorism (Dr Chris Fuller) Semester 2, 30 creditsModule OverviewThrough examination of the aims and methods of a range of anti-American terrorist groups, such asthe Libyan-sponsored campaigns of the 1980s, the Iranian-backed Hezbollah, Palestinian liberationmovements, non-state Islamic terrorism, insurgent guerrilla forces such as the Taliban and morerecently the Islamic State and the rising phenomenon of “lone wolf” terrorism, this module engageswith the scholarly debates relating to what motivates such terrorist groups, and the best methods tocounter the threat they pose. By developing a solid understanding of what motivates terrorist groups,you will be well placed to engage in a critical analysis of the evolving methods of counterterrorismadopted by the United States, from the formation of Delta Force under the Carter administration, tothe Reagan administration’s use of the CIA to ‘neutralize’ anti-American terrorist groups, throughClinton’s use of rendition, to the more controversial practices of the “War on Terror” years, includingmass surveillance, “Enhanced Interrogation”, and targeted killings.Indicative List of Seminar Topics  The conceptual debates surrounding terrorism  The founding of the CIA’s Counterterrorism Center and the Eagle Programme  State sponsorship of terrorism  US counterterrorism tools from 1979 to the present day  Terrorism and the media  The future of terrorism and counterterrorism 128

Assessment % Contribution to Final Mark Assessment Method 15 35 1 x 500 word commentary 50 Essay (3000 words) Exam (2 hours)Sample Source Burnt corpse of US Delta Force operator in the Iranian Desert, 25 April, 1980Operation Eagle Claw was launched by President Jimmy Carter in April 1980 with the objective offreeing American hostages held by the new Iranian government following the 1979 coup. The mission,undertaken by America’s newly formed Delta Force counterterrorism unit, was a disaster, with a lackof experience resulting in the deaths of eight service personnel, killed in a fire caused by an aircraftcollision. The flames were so intense the remaining soldiers had to withdraw without the bodies oftheir comrades, leaving the Iranians to discover the corpses and broadcast the images in a majorpropaganda victory. The humiliation destroyed Carter’s credibility, and triggered the transformationof America’s counterterrorism capabilities. 129

IndexAncientHIST2223 – Myth and the Ancient World ............................................................................................. 11HIST2075 –Creating an Imperial Image: Augustus................................................................................ 29HIST2085 – Rebels with a Cause: The Historical Origins of Christianity ............................................... 51HIST2109 - Ancient Greeks at War........................................................................................................ 87HIST2103 - Self-inflicted: Extreme Violence, Politics and Power.......................................................... 89HIST2045 - Cleopatra’s Egypt.............................................................................................................. 114HIST2111 – Roman Emperors and Imperial Lives: Between Biography and History, Praise andBlame .................................................................................................................................................. 122HIST2055 – Ancient Rome: The First Metropolis .................................................................................. 96ARCH2017 - Maritime Archaeology ...................................................................................................... 39ARCH 2003 - The Power of Rome: Europe’s First Empire ..................................................................... 98MedievalHIST 2215 – The Age of Discovery? c.1350-c.1650 ............................................................................... 19HIST2225 – Besieged: Towns in War, c. 1250-c. 1650 .......................................................................... 31HIST2076 – The First British Empire: The beginnings of English dominance, 1050-1300..................... 37HUMA2008 - The Life and Afterlife of Vikings ...................................................................................... 41HIST2036 - The Hundred Years War: Britain and Europe, 1259-1453 .................................................. 52Early ModernHIST 2215 – The Age of Discovery? c.1350-c.1650 ............................................................................... 19HIST2100 - Retail Therapy: A Journey Through the Cultural History of Shopping................................ 21HIST2225 – Besieged: Towns in War, c. 1250-c. 1650 .......................................................................... 31HIST2051 – The British Atlantic World.................................................................................................. 45HIST2086 – Building London 1666 - 2012 ........................................................................................... 120HIST2003 - Power, Patronage and Politics in Early Modern England 1509-1660................................. 59HIST2220 – Witchcraft in England, 1542-1736 ..................................................................................... 94HIST2100 - Retail Therapy: A Journey Through the Cultural History of Shopping................................ 21HIST2009 Gender, Sexuality and the Social Order 1500-1750 …………………………………………………….…..62ENGL2080 - Queens, Devils and Players in Early Modern England....................................................... 86ModernHIST2071 – Celebrity, Media and Mass Culture: Britain 1888-1952 ...................................................... 9 130

HIST2082 – Nelson Mandela: A South African Life ............................................................................... 13HIST2094 - Wellington and the War against Napoleon ........................................................................ 15HIST2097 – Napoleon and his Legend .................................................................................................. 17HIST2100 - Retail Therapy: A Journey Through the Cultural History of Shopping................................ 21HIST2074 – Visual Culture and Politics: Art in German Society, 1850-1957......................................... 23HIST 2218 – Sex, Death and Money: the United Kingdom in the 1960s............................................... 25HIST2091 – Underworlds: A Cultural History of Urban Nightlife in the 19th and 20th Centuries........ 27HIST2108 - The Making of Modern India .............................................................................................. 33HIST2221 – Modern Germany 1870-1945 ............................................................................................ 35ARCH2017 - Maritime Archaeology ...................................................................................................... 39GERM2006 - Vienna and Berlin: Society, Politics and Culture, 1890 to the Present............................ 43HIST2051 – The British Atlantic World.................................................................................................. 45HIST2002: American Foreign Relations from the Birth of the Republic to the Present Day ................ 47HIST2106 – In Hitler’s Shadow: Eastern Europe 1918-1939 ................................................................. 49HIST2031 – Stalin and Stalinism............................................................................................................ 55HIST 2107 – The Fall of Imperial Russia ................................................................................................ 57HIST2110 – The Global Cold War .......................................................................................................... 92HIST2222 –Ragtime! The Making of Modern America ....................................................................... 100HIST2226 – Transatlantic Slave Trade and Abolition in West Africa................................................... 102HIST2227 – Science on the Street: Science, Technology, Medicine, and the Urban Environment inModern European Cities ..................................................................................................................... 104ENGL2091 From Black and White to Colour: A Screen History of Race, Gender and Sexuality in Post-war Britain........................................................................................................................................... 106HIST2039 - Imperialism and Nationalism in British India.................................................................... 110HIST 2217 – Conflict, Violence and the Italian Republic from 1945 to the 1990s: From the Mafia tothe Ultras ............................................................................................................................................ 111HIST 2216 – Oil Burns The Hands: Power, Politics and Petroleum in Iraq, 1900-1958....................... 115HIST2004 – The Making of Englishness: Race, Ethnicity and Immigration in British Society, 1841 tothe Present.......................................................................................................................................... 117HIST2086 – Building London 1666 - 2012 ........................................................................................... 120HIST2087 – Islamism: From the 1980s to the Presen ......................................................................... 123HIST2090 – Britain’s Global Empire, 1750-1870 ................................................................................. 125HIST2096 - Evolution of US Counterterrorism .................................................................................... 128 131

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