Cuet (Common University Entrance Test) For Undergraduate Courses History (Code: 314)
Cuet (Common University Entrance Test) For Undergraduate Courses History (Code: 314) J.P. Singhal Formerly Deputy Education Officer Directorate of Education Delhi LAXMI PUBLICATIONS (P) LTD (An ISO 9001:2015 Company) BEngalURU • Chennai • Guwahati • Hyderabad • Jalandhar Kochi • Kolkata • lucknow • mumbai • Ranchi New Delhi
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Introduction National Testing Agency has been entrusted with the responsibility of conducting the Undergraduate entrance tests for all the Central Universities (CUs) for the academic session 2022–2023. CUET will provide a single window opportunity to students to seek admission in any of the Central Universities (CUs) across the country. The CUET (UG)–2022 will be conducted in Computer Based Test (CBT) Mode. Examination Structure for CUET (UG)–2022: CUET (UG)–2022 will consist of the following four sections: Section IA – 13 Languages Section IB – 19 Languages Section II – 27 Domain Specific Subjects Section III – General Test Choosing options from each section is not mandatory. Choices should match the requirements of the desired University. Broad features of CUET (UG)–2022: Some features of CUET (UG)–2022 are as follows: Section Subjects/Tests Questions to Question Type Duration be Attempted Section IA– There are 13* different 40 questions to Language to be tested through 45 minutes Languages languages. Any of these be attempted for each languages may be chosen. out of 50 in each Reading Comprehension language language (based on different types of passages–Factual, Literary and Narrative, [Literary Aptitude and Vocabulary] Section IB– There are 19** languages. Languages Any other language apart from those offered in Section I A may be chosen. Section II– There are 27*** Domain 40 questions to • Input text can be used for 45 minutes Domain specific subjects being be attempted for each offered under this section. out of 50 MCQ Based Questions Domain Section III– A candidate may choose specific General a maximum of Six (06) 60 questions to • MCQs based on NCERT subjects Test Domains as desired by be attempted the applicable University/ out of 75 Class XII syllabus only 60 minutes Universities. For any such under- • Input text can be used for graduate programme/ programmes being offered MCQ Based Questions by Universities where a General Test is being used • General Knowledge, Current for admission. Affairs, General Mental Ability, Numerical Ability, Quantitative Reasoning (Simple application of basic mathematical concepts arithmetic/algebra geometry/ mensuration/stat taught till Grade 8), Logical and Analytical Reasoning
* Languages (13): Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Gujarati, Odia, Bengali, Assamese, Punjabi, English, Hindi and Urdu ** Languages (19): French, Spanish, German, Nepali, Persian, Italian, Arabic, Sindhi, Kashmiri, Konkani, Bodo, Dogri, Maithili, Manipuri, Santhali, Tibetan, Japanese, Russian and Chinese. *** DomainSpecificSubjects(27):1.Accountancy/BookKeeping;2.Biology/BiologicalStudies/Biotechnology/ Biochemistry; 3. Business Studies; 4. Chemistry; 5. Computer Science/Informatics Practices; 6. Economics/ Business Economics; 7. Engineering Graphics; 8. Entrepreneurship; 9. Geography/Geology; 10. History; 11. Home Science; 12. Knowledge Tradition and Practices of India; 13. Legal Studies; 14. Environmental Science; 15. Mathematics; 16. Physical Education/NCC/Yoga; 17. Physics; 18. Political Science; 19. Psychology; 20. Sociology; 21. Teaching Aptitude; 22. Agriculture; 23. Mass Media/Mass Communication; 24. Anthropology; 25. Fine Arts/Visual Arts (Sculpture/Painting)/Commercial Arts; 26. Performing Arts– (i) Dance (Kathak/Bharatnatyam/Oddisi/Kathakali/Kuchipudi/Manipuri (ii) Drama-Theatre (iii) Music General (Hindustani/Carnatic/Rabindra Sangeet/Percussion/Non-Percussion); 27. Sanskrit [For all Shastri (Shastri 3 years/4 years Honours) Equivalent to B.A./B.A. Honours courses i.e. Shastri in Veda, Paurohitya (Karmakand), Dharamshastra, Prachin Vyakarana, Navya Vyakarana, Phalit Jyotish, Siddhant Jyotish, Vastushastra, Sahitya, Puranetihas, Prakrit Bhasha,Prachin Nyaya Vaisheshik, Sankhya Yoga, Jain Darshan, Mimansa, AdvaitaVedanta, Vishihstadvaita Vedanta, Sarva Darshan, a candidate may choose Sanskrit as the Domain]. • A candidate can choose a maximum of any 3 languages from Section IA and Section IB taken together. (One of the languages chosen needs to be in lieu of Domain specific subjects). • Section II offers 27 subjects, out of which a candidate may choose a maximum of 6 subjects. • Section III comprises General Test. • For choosing Languages (up to 3) from Section IA and IB and a maximum of 6 subjects from Section II and General Test under Section III, the candidate must refer to the requirements of his/her intended University. Level of questions for CUET (UG)–2022: All questions in various testing areas will be benchmarked at the level of Class XII only. Marking Scheme of Examination For Multiple Choice Questions: To answer a question, the candidates need to choose one option corresponding to the correct answer or the most appropriate answer. However, if any anomaly or discrepancy is found after the process of challenges of the key verification, it shall be addressed in the following manner: (i) Correct answer or the most appropriate answer: Five marks (+ 5) (ii) Any incorrect option marked will be given minus one mark (– 1). (iii) Unanswered/Marked for Review will be given no mark (0). (iv) If more than one option is found to be correct then Five marks (+ 5) will be awarded to only those who have marked any of the correct options. (v) If all options are found to be correct then Five marks (+ 5) will be awarded to all those who have attempted the question. (vi) If none of the options is found correct or a Question is found to be wrong or a Question is dropped then all candidates who have appeared will be given five marks (+ 5). Note: C andidates are advised to visit the NTA CUET (UG)–2022 official website https://cuet.samarth.ac.in/, for latest updates regarding the Examination.
CONTENTS 1. Bricks, Beads and Bones .............................................................................................................. 1 2. Kings, Farmers and Towns .......................................................................................................... 9 3. Kinship, Caste and Class ........................................................................................................... 15 4. Thinkers, Beliefs and Buildings ................................................................................................ 21 5. Through the Eyes of Travellers.................................................................................................. 27 6. Bhakti-Sufi Traditions ................................................................................................................ 31 7. An Imperial Capital: Vijaynagara ............................................................................................. 36 8. Peasants, Zamindars and the State .......................................................................................... 40 9. Kings and Chronicles .................................................................................................................. 45 10. Colonialism and the Countryside .............................................................................................. 51 11. Rebels and the Raj ...................................................................................................................... 57 12. Colonial Cities ............................................................................................................................. 63 13. Mahatma Gandhi and the Nationalist Movement ................................................................... 69 14. Understanding Partition ............................................................................................................ 76 15. Framing the Constitution ........................................................................................................... 82 Answers ........................................................................................................................................ 88 Mock Test Papers ........................................................................................................... M-1–M-54 i
SYLLABUS (HISTORY – 314) Note: There will be one Question Paper which will have 50 questions out of which 40 questions need to be attempted. Unit I: The Story of the First Cities Harappan Archaeology Broad overview: Early urban centres. Story of discovery: Harappan civilization. Excerpt: Archaeological report on a major site. Discussion: How it has been utilized by archaeologists/historians. Unit II: Political and Economic History: How Inscriptions Tell a Story Broad overview: Political and economic history from the Mauryan to the Gupta period. Story of discovery: Inscriptions and the decipherment of the script. Shifts in the understanding of political and economic history. Excerpt: Asokan inscription and Gupta period land grant. Discussion: Interpretation of inscriptions by historians. Unit III: Social Histories using the Mahabharata Broad overview: Issues in social history, including caste, class, kinship and gender. Story of discovery: Transmission and publications of the Mahabharata. Excerpt: From the Mahabharata, illustrating how it has been used by historians. Unit IV: A History of Buddhism: Sanchi Stupa Broad overview: (a) A brief review of religious histories of Vedic religion, Jainism, Vaisnavism, Saivism. (b) Focus on Buddhism. Story of discovery: Sanchi stupa. Excerpt: Reproduction of sculptures from Sanchi. Discussion: Ways in which sculpture has been interpreted by historians, other sources for reconstructing the history of Buddhism. Unit V: Agrarian Relations The Ain-i-Akbari Broad overview: (a) Structure of agrarian relations in the 16th and 17th centuries. (b) Patterns of change over the period. Story of Discovery: Account of the compilation and translation of Ain-i-Akbari. Excerpt: From the Ain-i-Akbari Discussion: Ways in which historians have used the text to reconstruct history.
Unit VI: The Mughal Court: Reconstructing Histories through Chronicles Broad Overview: (a) Outline of political history c. 15th-17th centuries. (b) Discussion of the Mughal court and politics. Story of Discovery: Account of the production of court chronicles, and their subsequent translation and transmission. Excerpts: from the Akbarnama and Padshahnama. Discussion: Ways in which historians have used the texts to reconstruct political histories. Unit VII: New Architecture: Hampi Broad Overview: (a) Outline of new buildings during Vijayanagar period—temples, forts, irrigation facilities. (b) Relationship between architecture and the political system. Story of Discovery: Account of how Hampi was found. Excerpt: Visuals of buildings at Hampi. Discussion: Ways in which historians have analysed and interpreted these structures. Unit VIII: Religious Histories: The Bhakti-Sufi Tradition Broad Overview: (a) Outline of religious developments during this period. (b) Ideas and practices of the Bhakti-Sufi saints. Story of Transmission: How Bhakti-Sufi compositions have been preserved. Excerpt: Extracts from selected Bhakti Sufi works. Discussion: Ways in which these have been interpreted by historians. Unit IX: Medieval Society through Travellers’ Accounts Broad Overview: Outline of social and cultural life as they appear in travellers’ accounts. Story of their writings: A discussion of where they travelled, why they travelled, what they wrote, and for whom they wrote. Excerpts: From Al-beruni, Ibn Batuta, Bernier. Discussion: What these travel accounts can tell us and how they have been interpreted by historians. Unit X: Colonialism and Rural Society: Evidence from Official Reports Broad overview: (a) Life of zamindars, peasants and artisans in the late 18th century. (b) East India Company, revenue settlements and surveys. (c) Changes over the nineteenth century. Story of official records: An account of why official investigations into rural societies were undertaken and the types of records and reports produced. Excerpts: From Firminger’s Fifth Report, Accounts of Francis Buchanan-Hamilton, and Deccan Riots Report. Discussion: What the official records tell and do not tell, and how they have been used by historians. Unit XI: Representations of 1857 Broad Overview: (a) The events of 1857-58. (b) How these events were recorded and narrated.
Focus: Lucknow. Excerpts: Pictures of 1857. Extracts from contemporary accounts. Discussion: How the pictures of 1857 shaped British opinion of what had happened. Unit XII: Colonialism and Indian Towns: Town Plans and Municipal Reports Broad Overview: The growth of Mumbai, Chennai, hill stations and cantonments in the 18th and 19th century. Excerpts: Photographs and paintings. Plans of cities. Extract form town plan reports. Focus on Kolkata town planning. Discussion: How the above sources can be used to reconstruct the history of towns. What these sources do not reveal. Unit XIII: Mahatma Gandhi through Contemporary Eyes Broad Overview: (a) The nationalist movement 1918-48, (b) The nature of Gandhian politics and leadership. Focus: Mahatma Gandhi in 1931. Excerpts: Reports from English and Indian language newspapers and other contemporary writings. Discussion: How newspapers can be a source of history. Unit XIV: Partition through Oral Sources Broad Overview: (a) The history of the 1940s; (b) Nationalism, Communalism and Partition. Focus: Punjab and Bengal. Excerpts: Oral testimonies of those who experienced partition. Discussion: Ways in which these have been analysed to reconstruct the history of the event. Unit XV: The Making of the Constitution Broad Overview: (a) Independence and the new nation state. (b) The making of the Constitution. Focus: The Constitutional Assembly debates. Excerpts: From the debates. Discussion: What such debates reveal and how they can be analyzed.
2. KINGS, FARMERS AND TOWNS Early States and Economies (c.600 BCE-600 CE) 1. Consider the following statements about the (iii) 6th century BCE because of use of iron and Mauryan Empire: development of coinage etc. 1. There were 5 major political centres in the (iv) 3rd century BCE because of the Indus valley Empire. civilisation a contemporary of Mesopotamian civilisation 2. Megasthenes wrote about the Mauryan Empire in his book Indica. Choose one of the following: 3. Ashoka founded the Mauryan Empire in 321 (a) (i) and (ii) (b) (ii) and (iii) B.C. (c) (iii) and (iv) (d) (i) and (iii) 4. Ashoka used his resources to propagate 5. Which of the following statements is not correct Buddhism about mahajanapadas and ganas or sanghas during 6th century BCE? Which of the above statements is/are correct? (a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 1, 2 and 4 (i) Mahajanapadas were ruled by kings (c) 2, 3 and 4 (d) 1, 3 and 4 (ii) Both Mahavira and Buddha belonged to mahajanapadas 2. In which years did the most momentous developments in Indian epigraphy take place? (iii) Ganas or Sanghas were oligarchies (a) 1750s (b) 1830s (iv) Ganas or Sanghaspower was shared collectively (c) 1840s (d) 1850s 3. Choose the correct option: Choose the correct option: Who deciphered, what? (a) (i), (ii) and (iii) (b) (i), (ii) and (iv) (a) R.E.M. Wheeler recognised it was necessary (c) (i), (iii) and (iv) (d) None of the above to follow the stratigraphy of the mound 6. Which of the following was not a cause of (b) John Marshall announced to the world the Magadha being the most powerful discovery of a new civilisation in the Indus Mahajanapada? valley (a) The region was agriculturally productive (c) James Prinsep, an officer in the mint of the (b) Iron mines were accessible East India Company, deciphered Brahmi and Kharosthi, two scripts used in earliest (c) The river Brahmaputra and its tributaries inscriptions provided means of cheap and convenient communication (d) Cunningham placed the Harappan seal (d) Elephants, an important component of the within the timeframe of the first cities in army, were found in forests in the region the Ganga valley 7. Which of the following is not true about 4. Which of the following century is regarded as a Rajagaha? major turning point in early Indian History and why? (a) The name Rajagaha means house of the king (i) 6th century BCE because it was an era (b) It was the capital of Magadha before associated with early states and cities Pataliputra (ii) 7th century BCE because of the Indus valley (c) It was a fortified settlement, located civilisation amongst hills (d) The capital was shifted to Rajagaha in the fourth century BCE. 9
28 HISTORY 10. Which according to François Bernier was the (a) G.D.P. fundamental difference between Mughal India and Europe? (b) Percapita income (c) Treatment of women (a) Lack of improving landlords. (d) Number of people below poverty line (b) Excessive oppression of the peasantry. 19. Choose the correct option: (c) Crown ownership of land and lack of private Traveller/historian who provides a detailed property. account of the working of imperial karkhanas (d) Undifferentiated masses of impoverished (a) François Bernier people. (b) Ibn Battuta 11. Choose the correct option: (c) Al-Biruni Who asserted: There is no middle state in India.? (d) Abdur Razzaq Samarqandi (a) Abdur Razzaq (b) François Bernier 20. Which of these French travellers came to during the 17th century? (c) Abul Fazl (d) Ibn Battuta (a) Al-Biruni (b) Ibn-Battuta 12. Who of the following described Mughal cities as camp towns? (c) Abul Fail (d) Francois Bernier (a) Al-Biruni (b) Ibn Battuta 21. Who among the following belonged to Morocco? (c) François Bernier (d) Abul Fazl (a) Ibn-Battuta (b) Al-Biruni 13. Choose the correct option: (c) Francois Bernier (d) Abdul Samarandi The European traveller who has given a 22. Who wrote Kitab-ul-Hind? detailed description of the practice of sati (a) Callin Mcenzie (b) Al-Biruni (a) Roberto Nobili (b) Manucci (c) Abdul Samad Lahori (c) Jean-Baptiste Tavernier (d) Ibn-Battuta (d) François Bernier 23. Islamic Law is known as 14. Al-Biruni was not well versed in which of the (a) Shariya (b) Samr following languages? (c) Ulema (d) All of these (a) Greek (b) Arabic 24. Ibn-Battuta remained in India for _____ years (c) Persian (d) Sanskrit (a) 12 (b) 14 15. Who has described land revenue as (c) 16 (d) 18 remuneration of sovereignty? 25. Which of the following cities, according to Ibn- (a) Todar Mal (b) Ibn Battuta Battuta was the largest? (c) Abul Fazl (d) Man Singh (a) Surat (b) Delhi 16. Montesquieu, the French philosopher, used (c) Daulatabad (d) Agra which travellers descriptions to develop his theory of oriental despotism? 26. Who wrote the book, Travellers in the Mughal Empire. (a) Duarte Barbosa (b) François Bernier (a) Francois Bernier (b) John Marshall (c) Jean-Baptiste Tavernier (c) Callin Mcenzie (d) James Princep (d) Antonio Monserrate 27. Choose the correct option: 17. During 17th century India what percent of (a) According to Ibn-battuta crown ownership population lived in towns? of land was quite disasterous for farmers (a) 10% (b) 15% (b) Ibn-Battuta travelled extensively in China (c) 20% (d) 5% (c) Al-Biruni found the Indian cities quite populated. 18. What crucial marker did contemporary European travellers and writers often use to (d) Al-Biruni was greatly influenced by the highlight difference between western and Indian postal system eastern societies?
ANSWERS 91 CASE BASED QUESTIONS Case Study 1 1. (a) 2. (d) 3. (d) 4. (a) 4. (d) Case Study 2 1. (a) 2. (b) 3. (c) 8. PEASANTS, ZAMINDATS AND THE STATE AGRARIAN SOCIETY AND THE MUGHAL EMPIRE (C. SIXTEENTH-SEVENTEENTH CENTURIES) 1. (c) 2. (d) 3. (b) 4. (c) 5. (b) 6. (c) 7. (d) 8. (c) 9. (a) 10. (c) 11. (b) 12. (b) 13. (c) 14. (b) 15. (c) 16. (d) 17. (d) 18. (b) 19. (b) 20. (c) 21. (c) 22. (a) 23. (b) 24. (a) 25. (c) 26. (c) 27. (a) 28. (a) 29. (c) 30. (d) 31. (d) 32. (c) 33. (d) 34. (c) 35. (d) 36. (d) 37. (b) 38. (d) 39. (d) 40. (a) 41. (d) 42. (b) 43. (d) 44. (c) 45. (a) 46. (c) 47. (b) CASE BASED QUESTIONS 4. (c) Case Study 1 4. (a) 1. (c) 2. (a) 3. (b) Case Study 2 1. (c) 2. (a) 3. (c) 9. KINGS AND CHRONICLES THE MUGHALS COURTS (C. SIXTEENTH-SEVENTEENTH CENTURIES) 1. (a) 2. (c) 3. (d) 4. (d) 5. (b) 6. (b) 7. (c) 8. (c) 9. (a) 10. (b) 11. (a) 12. (c) 13. (c) 14. (b) 15. (c) 16. (b) 17. (a) 18. (d) 19. (a) 20. (c) 21. (b) 22. (c) 23. (d) 24. (b) 25. (a) 26. (b) 27. (c) 28. (a) 29. (b) 30. (d) 31. (a) 32. (b) 33. (c) 34. (a) 35. (c) 36. (a) 37. (c) 38. (d) 39. (b) 40. (a) 41. (b) 42. (c) 43. (d) 44. (d) 45. (a) 46. (b) 47. (b) 48. (c) 49. (c) 50. (d) 51. (b) 52. (b) 53. (c) 54. (c) 55. (b) 56. (b) 57. (c) 58. (d) CASE BASED QUESTIONS Case Study 1 1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (c), (d) 4. (c) Case Study 2 4. (a) 1. (d) 2. (a) 3. (a) Case Study 3 1. (c) 2. (a) 3. (b)
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