70 Economics—XII 4. State whether the following statement is true or false. The technological development fuelled by demand has a lower dissemination rate. Ans. False. PASSAGE—II Read the following passage and answer the given questions. Food quality and safety are the two important factors that have gained ever-increasing attention in general consumers. Conventionally grown foods have immense adverse health effects due to the presence of higher pesticide residue, more nitrate, heavy metals, hormones, antibiotic residue, and also genetically modified organisms. Moreover, conventionally grown foods are less nutritious and contain lesser amounts of protective antioxidants. In the quest for safer food, the demand for organically grown foods has increased during the last decades due to their probable health benefits and food safety concerns. Organic food production is defined as cultivation without the application of chemical fertilizers and synthetic pesticides or genetically modified organisms, growth hormones, and antibiotics. The popularity of organically grown foods is increasing day by day owing to their nutritional and health benefits. Organic farming also protects the environment and has a greater socio-economic impact on a nation. India is a country that is bestowed with indigenous skills and potentiality for growth in organic agriculture. Although India was far behind in the adoption of organic farming due to several reasons, presently it has achieved rapid growth in organic agriculture and now becomes one of the largest organic producers in the world. Therefore, organic farming has a great impact on the health of a nation like India by ensuring sustainable development 1. Which of the following is not the benefit of organic farming? (a) Reduces pesticides and chemical residues in soil? (b) Fights against global warming (c) Ensures water conservation and controls water pollution (d) Poverty alleviation Ans. (d) 2. Conventionally grown foods have immense adverse health effects due to the presence of .................. less nutritious food/pesticide residue. Fill in the blank with the correct option. Ans. pesticide residue 3. State whether the given statement is true or False. Organic farming has a great impact on the health of a nation by ensuring sustainable development. Ans. True
Rural Development 71 4. Read the following statements–Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Assertion (A) : The demand for organically grown food has increased. Reason (R) : They are cultivated without the application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Select the correct alternative from the following. (a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true. (b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are false. Ans. (a) VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS 1. What do you mean by rural development? Ans. Rural development is the concept which focuses on development of backward and village areas of the economy. 2. Mention four rural development activities. Ans. (i) Human resources development (ii) Land reforms (iii) Productive resource development of the locality (iv) Poverty alleviation programmes 3. What is NABARD? Ans. For bringing about better co-ordination among the various agencies of rural credit and in the rural credit policies to short, medium and long term financing of agriculture and allied activities, Government of India has set up NABARD in July 1982. 4. What do you mean by agricultural diversification? Ans. Gainful employment of surplus hands in agriculture to allied agricultural activities is termed as agricultural diversification. 5. What are horticultural crops? Ans. Horticultural crops include variety of fruits, flowers, medicinal and aromatic plants. 6. What is organic farming? Ans. Eco-friendly technology of farming is known as organic farming. 7. What do you mean by co-operative marketing? Ans. Co-operative marketing is an arrangement which establishes direct link between producers and consumers and eliminates vicious corrupt channel of middle men. 8. What do you mean by agricultural marketing? Ans. Agricultural marketing is the process that involves functions of assembling, storage, processing, packaging, transportation, grading and distribution of agricultural commodities throughout the country.
(An ISO 9001:2015 Company) ISBN:978-93-5274-572-2 9 789352 745722 T12-6725-149-COMP.CBSE OBJ ECO T-I XII
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