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300^N üG3R =;A2þ L3G\"X8?\"/ G38%č „µ¦‹ÎµÂœ„®¤ª—®¤…n¼ °ŠÅ—°³˜°¤ ŗ°³˜°¤ÂŠn °°„Å—o˜µ¤¨„´ ¬–³…°Š¨ª—¨µ¥ÁžÈœŚ °°Á—°¦r‡°º order 1 centrales family 1 thalassiosiraceae ŗo„n lauderia, Skeletonema family 2 coscinodisceae ŗo„n Coscinodiscus family 3 rhizosoleniaceae ŗo„n Rhizosolenia family 4 chaetoceraceae ŗo„ Chaetoceraceros family 5 litodesmaceae ŗo„n Ditylum family 6 eupodiscaceae ŗo„n Odontella  order 2 pennales ĜÁ°„­µ¦Œ´ œ¸…Ê °œÎµÁ­œ°‹Îµœªœ4 family family 1 fragilariaceae ŗo„n Fragilaria family 2 thalassionemataceae ŗo„n Thalassionema family 3 naviculaceae ŗo„n Navicula, Gyrosigma family 4 bacillariaceae ŗo„n Nitzschia  /DXGHULDVS  ¨„´ ¬–³: ÁžÈœÅ—°³˜°¤š¸É—ε¦Š¸ª·˜˜n°„´œÁžÈœ­µ¥ÃŽnš¸É‡n°œ…oµŠ·—˜·—„´œ ˜¨n ³ÁŽ¨¨r¤¸¦¼ž¦nµŠÁžÈœš¦Š„¦³°„­œ´Ê Ç µÃ‡oŠœœ¼ £µ¡š¸É5.21˜¨n ³ÁŽ¨¨rÁÉº°¤„´œ—oª¥­µ¦Á¤º°„ Ä­š¸É¤¸‡ªµ¤¥µª˜µn Š„œ´ £µ¥ÄœÁŽ¨¨r¤¸Á¤È—­¸ÁžÈœ‹Îµœªœ¤µ„¡Å—ošª´É ޘµ¤µ¥ É´Šš³Á¨ £µ¡š¸É 5.21 Lauderia sp. šÉ¸¤µ : Hasle and Syvertsen 1997) 90 Aþ1<L?K<5=J;\"/-N D?S L331

300N^üG3R =;Aþ2L3G\"X8?\"/ G38č% Skeletonema VS ¨„´ ¬–³ :ÁŽ¨¨r¤¸¦¼ž¦nµŠ‡n°œ…oµŠ„¨¤¦¸Á¦¸¥Š˜°n ÁžÈœ­µ¥¥µª£µ¡šÉ¸5.22) Á¤—È ­¸¤¸­¸œÎµÊ ˜µ¨ ÁžÈœÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œšÉ¸Á®¤µ³­¤˜°n „µ¦Á¨¸¥Ê Š­˜´ ªrª¥´ °°n œ¤µ„    £µ¡šÉ¸ 5.22 Skeletonema sp. š¸É¤µ: » Ÿµ(2556 )  Coscinodiscus VS ¨„´ ¬–³ : ¦¼ž¦nµŠ„¨¤Âœ¤¸n°ŠªnµŠ£µ¥ÄœÁŽ¨¨r…œµ—Ä®n¤¸¨ª—¨µ¥ Á˜¤È  µ¨„´ ¬–³ÁžÈœ¦¼¡¦»œ‡¨oµ¥¦´ŠŸŠ¹ Ê £µ¡šÉ¸5.23) pigment ¤¸­¸Á®¨º°Š°°„œÎµÊ ˜µ¨ ¤„´ ¡ÄœœÎµÊ Á‡È¤ ¤µ„„ªµn ĜœÎµÊ ‹º—ÁžÈœÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œš¸É°„‡ªµ¤°—» ¤­¤¦¼ –r…°ŠÂ®¨Šn œÎµÊ ˜Án žÈœœ·—šÉ¸Å¤¤n ¸ž¦³Ã¥œr ˜°n „o»Š®µ„¤¸„µ¦¨¤¼ Ĝ°n Á¨¸¥Ê Š°µ‹ÁžÈœ°œ´ ˜¦µ¥˜°n ­˜´ ªrœÎµÊ Ánœ šÎµÄ®oœÎµÊ Á®œ¸¥ª®œº— šÎµÄ®o„o»Š Á‡¦¸¥— ¨³°µ‹Åž°—» œœn ĜÁ®Šº°„šÎµÄ®o¦³„µ¦®µ¥Ä‹ÁžÈœÅž°¥µn Š¨Îµµ„ Aþ1<L?<K 5=J;\"/N-D?S L331 91

300^N üG3R =;A2þ L3G\"X8?\"/ G38%č £µ¡šÉ¸5.23 Coscinodiscus sp. šÉ¸¤µ : Hasle and Syvertsen (1997)  Rhizosolenia VS. ¨„´ ¬–³ :Áž¨º°„¦¼žš¦Š„¦³°„¥µªšÉ¸ž¨µ¥šŠ´Ê Ś¤¸Ž¸˜µ¥Éºœ¥µª°°„¤µ …oµŠ¨³ ř°œ´ µŠœ·—¤¸¨´„¬–³ÁžÈœÂšnŠ¥µª­nªœž¨µ¥¤¸¨„´ ¬–³Â®¨¤‡¨oµ¥¦¼žÁ…Ȥ £µ¡š¸É5.24) Á¤Éº°¨°¥˜ª´ ÁŽ¨¨r‹³…œµœ„´¡ºœÊ œÎµÊ ¨³‹³˜Š´Ê Œµ„„´Ÿ·ªœÎµÊ Á¤ºÉ°‹¤¨Š­n¡¼ ºœÊ Á¤È—­¸¤¸­¸œÎµÊ ˜µ¨°°„œÎµÊ ÁŠ·œ ­º¡œ´ ›r»Ã—¥„µ¦ÂŠn ÁŽ¨¨rÁŽ¨¨r¤¸…œµ—Á­oœŸnµ«œ¼ ¥r„¨µŠŚŘ– śŘŤ‡¦°œ­µ¤µ¦™Šn °„™¹Š‡ªµ¤Å¤n °—» ¤­¤¦¼ –r…°ŠÂ®¨Šn œÎµÊ ¨³®µ„Á„·—¨¤¼ ¤µ„Ĝ®¨Šn œÎµÊ ÁŽ¨¨r°µ‹Åž°—» šÉ¸Á®Šº°„…°Š­˜´ ªrœÎµÊ ŗo £µ¡šÉ¸5.24 Rhizosolenia sp. š¸É¤µ: » Ÿµ(2556 ) 92 A1þ <L?<K 5=J;\"/-N D?S L331

300N^ üG3R =;Aþ2L3G\"X8?\"/ G38č% Chaetoceros VS ¨„´ ¬–³ : Áž¨º°„—oµœªµ¨r¢ª·ªÁžÈœ¦¼ž¦¸¤¸Ž¸˜µ¥ºÉœ¥µª…oµŠ¨³Ś°œ´ £µ¡šÉ¸ 5.25)ÁŽ¨¨rÁ¦¸¥Š˜n°„´œÁžÈœÂ™ª¤¸…œµ—ÁŒ¨É¸¥ş– ŜŝŤ‡¦°œ…¹œÊ °¥n¼„´œ·—Á¤È—­¸ÁžÈœ­¸œÎµÊ ˜µ¨ÁžÈœ ¡¨Š„r˜°œšÉ¸Á®¤µ³­¤˜°n „µ¦œÎµ¤µÄoÁžÈœ°µ®µ¦…°Š­˜´ ªrœÎµÊ ª¥´ °°n œÁœn ¨„¼ „oŠ» £µ¡š¸É 5.25 Chaetoceros sp. šÉ¸¤µ: » Ÿµ(2556 ) 'LW\\OXP VS ¨„´ ¬–³ : ÁžÈœÅ—°³˜°¤š¸É—ε¦Š¸ª·˜ÁžÈœÁŽ¨¨rÁ—¸É¥ªÇ £µ¡šÉ¸5.26) ÁŽ¨¨ršÉ¸¡­nªœÄ®n ¤´„ªµŠ˜´ª°¥n¼Äœ—o µœÁ„°¦rÁ—·¨£µ¡ÁŽ¨¨ršµŠ—o µœÁ„°¦rÁ—·¨ (girdle view) ¤¸¦¼ž¦nµŠ ÁžÈœ­¸ÉÁ®¨¸É¥¤ŸºœŸoµrectangular¤¸‡ªµ¤­œ´Ê ¥µªÂ˜„˜µn Š˜µ¤œ·—¦nª¤„´ ¤¸­ªn œ¥ºÉœprocess®¦º° ®œµ¤spine¥µª¥Éºœ°°„¤µ‹µ„‹—» «œ¼ ¥r„¨µŠ…°Š—oµœ µš¸É­ªn œž¨µ¥…°ŠÁŽ¨¨ršŠ´Ê ­°Š—oµœ £µ¡šÉ¸ 5.26 Ditylum sp. 93 šÉ¸¤µ : Shirota (1966 ) Aþ1<L?<K 5=J;\"/N-DS?L331

300N^üG3R=;Aþ2L3G\"X8?\"/ G38%č 2GRQWHOODVS ¨„´ ¬–³: ÁžÈœÅ—°³˜°¤ š¸É­ªn œÄ®n—µÎ ¦Š¸ª˜· °¥Án¼ žÈœÁŽ¨¨rÁ—É¥¸ ªÇµŠœ—· °µ‹˜n°„´œÁžÈ œÃŽnŽÉ¹Š¤¸š´ŠÊ În˜¦ŠÂ¨³ÃŽnŽ·„ÂŽ„£µ¡ÁŽ¨¨ršµŠ—o µœÁ„°¦rÁ—·¨¤¸¦¼ž¦nµŠÁžÈ œ¦¼ž ­¸ÉÁ®¨¸É¥¤ŸºœŸoµ­ªn œ£µ¡—oµœ µ¤¸¦¼ž¦nµŠÁžÈœªŠ¦¸®¦º°ÁžÈœž¨µ¥®°„ (lanceolate) Ž¹ŠÉ ¤¸ž¨µ¥Â®¨¤ šŠ´Ê ­°Š—oµœ µÁŽ¨¨r¤¸¤¸ŸœŠ´ µŠÂ¨³Â˜¨n ³…ª´Ê …°Š—oµœ µ¤¸„µ¦¥„˜ª´ ­Š¼ …œ¹ Ê ¨³¤¸¨„´ ¬–³¥µªÁ¨È„ Á¦¸¥„ªnµhorn ®¦º°elevation £µ¥ÄœÁŽ¨¨r¤¸‡¨°Ã¦¡¨µ­˜r…œµ—Á¨È„‹Îµœªœ¤µ„„¦³‹µ¥˜ª´ °¥n¼šÉ´ª ÁŽ¨¨r¨³°¥˜n¼ —· „´ ŸœŠ´ ÁŽ¨¨r¡Äœš³Á¨ £µ¡šÉ¸5.27) £µ¡šÉ¸ 5.27 Odontella sp. šÉ¸¤µ : Hasle and Syvertsen (1997) Fragilaria VS ¨„´ ¬–³: Áž¨º°„Ÿ°¤¥µª˜¦Š„¨µŠžn °ŠÁ¨È„œo°¥šÉ¸ µ¤¸¨ª—¨µ¥Ťn¤¸¦µ¢¸ ¤„´ Á¦¸¥ŠŽo°œ„œ´ šµŠ—oµœªµ¨r¢ªª· £µ¡š¸É5.28) 94 Aþ1<L?K<5=J;\"/-N DS?L331

300^NüG3R=;A2þ L3G\"X8?\"/ G38%č £µ¡š¸É 5.28 Fragilaria sp. šÉ¸¤µ : Hasle and Syvertsen (1997) 7KDODVVLRQHPDVS ¨„´ ¬–³: ÁžÈœÅ—°³˜°¤šÉ¸¡°¥n¼˜n°„´œÁžÈœ­µ¥ÃŽn£µ¡šÉ¸5.29¤¸šŠ´Ê š¸É˜n° ÁžÈ œ­µ¥ÃŽnŽ·„ÂŽ„­¨´‡¨o µ¥¢´ œž¨µ¤µÁ¦¸ ¥ŠÁžÈ œªŠ‡¨o µ¥¡´—„µ¦˜n°…°ŠÁŽ¨¨r‹³Äo ÁŽ¨¨r šµŠ—oµœ µÂ¨³ž¨µ¥—oµœ®œ¹ÉŠ˜n°„´œÁŽ¨¨rÁÉº°¤˜n°„´œÃ—¥ÂŸnœÁ¤º°„ (mucilage pad£µ¥Äœ ÁŽ¨¨r¤¸Á¤—È ­¸¦¼ž¦nµŠÁžÈœÂŸœn œ¡Äœš³Á¨ £µ¡šÉ¸ 5.29 Thalassionema sp. 95 šÉ¸¤µ : Hasle and Syvertsen (1997) A1þ <L?K<5=J;\"/-N D?S L331

300^N üG3R =;Aþ2L3G\"X8?\"/G38%č Navicula VS ¨„´ ¬–³ : Áž¨º°„¦¼ž¦nµŠÁ®¤º°œÁ¦º°ž¨µ¥Ś…oµŠ¤œ£µ¡š¸É5.30) ¤¸¦µ¢¸ šŠ´Ê  µœÂ¨³ µ¨µn Š¤„´ ¡°µ«¥´ ªn Š„¨µŠœÎµÊ ™¹Š¡ºœÊ °n ¤¸­¸œÎµÊ ˜µ¨žœÁ®¨º°Š®µ„¤¸„µ¦¨¤¼ ¤µ„°µ‹ Ş°—» Á®Šº°„„oŠ» ŗo £µ¡š¸É 5.30 Navicula sp. šÉ¸¤µ: Hasle and Syvertsen (1997) Gyrosigma VS ¨„´ ¬–³ : Áž¨º°„—oµœªµ¨r¢ª·ª·—ÁžÈœ¦¼ž˜ª´ Á°­ “S” šÎµÄ®o¦µ¢¸ ·—˜µ¤Åž —oª¥¨µ¥œ µ‹³¤¸¨„´ ¬–³ÁžÈœÂœª˜Š´ Ê Œµ„ £µ¡š¸É5.31) ­nªœ¤µ„¡°µ«¥´ °¥¼n„¨µŠœÎµÊ ™¹Š¡ºœÊ n° µŠœ·—‡º‡¨µœ˜µ¤¡ºœÊ —œ· ŗočoÁžÈœ°µ®µ¦…°Š­˜´ ªrœÎµÊ ª¥´ °°n œ®µ„¤¸„µ¦¨¤¼ ¤µ„°µ‹Åž°—» šÉ¸Á®Šº°„ šÎµÄ®o„µ¦®µ¥Ä‹…°Š­˜´ ªrœÎµÊ ÁžÈœÅž°¥µn Š¨Îµµ„ £µ¡šÉ¸ 5.31 Gyrosigma sp. š¸É¤µ: » Ÿµ(2556 ) 96 Aþ1<L?K<5=J;\"/-N DS?L331

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300N^ üG3R=;Aþ2L3G\"X8?\"/G38%č £µ¡šÉ¸ 5.33 Chrysamoeba sp šÉ¸¤µ : Bold and Wynne (1978) 2FKURPRQDV VS ¨´„¬–³: ÁžÈœÁŽ¨¨rÁ—¸É¥ªÇ¤¸®œª—2 Á­oœ¥µªÅ¤nÁšnµ„´œ£µ¡š¸É5.34) Ťn¤¸ ŸœŠ´ ®o¤» ÁŽ¨¨r¦¼ž¦nµŠÁŽ¨¨rÁžÈœ¦¼ž¦¸®¦º°¦¼žÅ…nÁ¥Éº°®o¤» ÁŽ¨¨r°µ‹¥º—®—Å—ooµŠ®¦º°‡°n œ…oµŠÂ…ÈŠ ‹¹ŠšÎµÄ®o ÁŽ¨¨r‡Š¦¼žÅ—o—¸ ¤¸‡°œÂš¦‡Åš¨rª‡ª· ð¨ (contractile vacuole) 2 °n Šš¸Éǜ®œª—  £µ¡šÉ¸ 5.34 Ochromonas sp. š¸É¤µ : Lee (1980) 'LQREU\\RQVS   ¨„´ ¬–³ : ÁžÈœÃ‡Ã¨œ¸¦¼ž¦nµŠ‡¨oµ¥n°—°„Ťo£µ¡š¸É5.35) ÁŽ¨¨r¦¼ž¦nµŠ¦¸ ®¦º° „¦³­ª¥®o¤» —oª¥Á¥Éº°®o¤» ÁŽ¨¨rץ˜¨n ³ÁŽ¨¨rčož¨µ¥ÁŽ¨¨rÁ„µ³„´¨°¦·„µ (lorica¨°¦·„µ¦¼ž¦nµŠ‡¨oµ¥ A1þ <L?<K 5=J;\"/N-D?S L331 99

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300^NüG3R =;A2þ L3G\"X8?\"/G38%č Dinophysis VS ¨„´ ¬–³: ÁŽ¨¨r¤¸¨„´ ¬–³ÁžÈœ¦¼žÅ…n°·¡·š¸„µ¤¸…œµ—Á¨È„¤µ„Á„°¦rÁ—·¨¨·­˜r —oµœœ¤¸…œµ—‡¦¹ÉŠ®œŠÉ¹ …°Š‡ªµ¤­Š¼ …°ŠÁŽ¨¨rŽÉŠ¹ ­ªn œ…°ŠÁ„°¦rÁ—¨· ¨­· ˜r—oµœœÂ¨³—oµœ¨µn Š‹³¨nÁ¼ …oµ ®µ„œ´ ¤¸­¸Â—Š‡¨oµ¥Á¨º°— £µ¡šÉ¸5.40) ¤„´ ¨¤¼ Ĝªn Š§—®¼ œµª¨³ªn Š¦°¥˜°n ¦³®ªµn Š§—®¼ œµª„´ §—¦¼ o°œ …œµ—…°ŠÁŽ¨¨r×¥šª´É ޞ¦³¤µ–ŜŘ- ŝŘŤ‡¦°œ ¤„´ „n°Ä®oÁ„·—ž¦µ„’„µ¦–rœÎµÊ …¸žÊ ¨µªµ¯ ¨³ÄœÁŽ¨¨r‹³¤¸„µ¦­³­¤­µ¦¡·¬œ·—DSP. (Diarhetic Shellfish Poisoning) ŽŠ¹É ‹³¤¸¡·¬˜°n ‡œš¸É „·œ­˜´ ªrœÎµÊ šÉ¸¤¸„µ¦­³­¤…°Š­µ¦¡·¬Á®¨µn œ¸ʚεĮoÁ„·—°µ„µ¦šo°Š¦nªŠ °µÁ‹¸¥œ £µ¡š¸É5.40 Dinophysis sp. š¤É¸ µ : Steidinger and Tangen (1997) Gymnodinium VS ¨„´ ¬–³ : ÁŽ¨¨r¦¼ž¦nµŠ„¨¤®¦º°¦¸¦¼žÅ…n ÁžÈœ¦¼ž­µ¤Á®¨¸É¥¤¤¸¦n°ŠÁ„°¦rÁ—·¨ °¥n„¼ ¨µŠÁŽ¨¨r£µ¡š¸É5.41)Á¥ºÉ°®o¤» ÁŽ¨¨r°µ‹Á¦¸¥®¦º°¤¸Â™˜µ¤¥µª®¦º°ÁžÈœ­œ´ ¤¸‡¨°Ã¦¡¨µ­˜r ¨„´ ¬–³„¨¤œ®¦º°¦¸ ÁžÈœ‹Îµœªœ¤µ„˜nµŠœ·—°µ‹Å¤n¤¸Á¨¥µŠœ·—¤¸…œµ—¥µªřŜ- ŚŚ Ť‡¦°œ„ªoµŠřŘ- řŝŤ‡¦°œ ®µ„¤¸‹ÎµœªœÁŽ¨¨rÁžÈœ‹Îµœªœ¤µ„‹³ÁžÈœ°´œ˜¦µ¥˜n°­´˜ªrœÎµÊ Á¡¦µ³­µ®¦nµ¥œ·—œ¸‹Ê ³­³­¤­µ¦¡·¬ž¦³Á£šPSP. (Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning) ¨³DSP. ŽÉ¹Š ‹³ž¨—ž¨n°¥°°„¤µÁ¤ºÉ°­˜´ ªrœÎµÊ „·œÁ…oµÅž ¨³®µ„¤œ¬» ¥r„·œ­˜´ ªrœÎµÊ šÉ¸Å—o¦´­µ¦¡·¬œ¸ÁʅoµÅž ‹³Á„·— °µ„µ¦Ÿ·—ž„˜·…°Š¨ÎµÅ­ožª—«¸¦¬³ª·ŠÁª¸¥œ°n°œÁ¡¨¸¥‹œ°µ‹ÁžÈœ°œ´ ˜¦µ¥™¹Š¸ª·˜Å—o ­nªœ¤µ„‹³ ¡Äœš³Á¨ µŠœ—· ¡ÄœœÎµÊ ‹º— Aþ1<L?K<5=J;\"/-N DS?L331 107

300N^üG3R=;Aþ2L3G\"X8?\"/G38č% £µ¡š¸É5.41 Gymnodinium sp. š¸É¤µ : Patterson (1996 )  Noctiluca VS ¨„´ ¬–³ : ÁŽ¨¨r¤¸…œµ—‡°n œ…oµŠÄ®n¦¼ž¦nµŠ„¨¤®¦º°ÁžÈœ¦¼žÅ˜ £µ¡šÉ¸5.42) Ťn¤¸Ÿœ´ŠÁŽ¨¨r¤¸Â˜nÁ¥Éº°µŠÇ®o»¤°¥n¼ ª‡‡·ªÃ°¨¤¸…œµ—Ä®nšÎµÄ®oÁŽ¨¨r¨°¥˜´ª°¥n¼Å—oĜœÎµÊ ¤¸ œ·ªÁ‡¨¸¥­…œµ—Ä®n Ť¤n ¸¦n°ŠŽ¨´ ‡­´ ¨³®œª—š¸É¡œ´ ¦°˜ª´ ˜¤n ¸¦n°Šš¸ÉÁž¨É¸¥œÅžÁžÈœžµ„¨³¤¸®œª— Á­oœÁ¨È„Ç°¥Än¼ œ¦n°Šœ¸ÊÁŽ¨¨r…°Šœp°„˜·¨¼„µ (Noctiluca sp.) Ťn¤¸‡¨°Ã¦¡¨µ­˜r¨³Å¤n¤¸­¸ ˜šn ɸÁ®Èœ ÁžÈœ­¸Á…¸¥ªÁœÉº°Š‹µ„¤¸Â¢¨„Á‹¨Á¨˜­¸Á…¸¥ªÁ…oµ¤µ°µ«¥´ °¥nļ œÁŽ¨¨r—oª¥ ŽÉ¹Š¤¸¨„´ ¬–³‡¨oµ¥„´ ¡ª„ Pedinomonas sp. (Sweeney, 1971 °oµŠ˜µ¤„µ‹œ£µœrŚŝŚşœp°„˜·¨¼„µ‹—´ ÁžÈœ­µ®¦nµ¥š¸É Á¦º°ŠÂ­ŠÅ—o ×¥ÁŒ¡µ³œ—· Noctiluca miliaris ¨³ÁžÈœ˜ª´ „µ¦š¸É„n°Ä®oÁ„·—œÎµÊ —Š (red tide) ŗo°n ¥ Ĝ°nµªÅš¥ÁžÈœÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œšÉ¸Å¤n¤¸¡·¬ ˜£n µ¥ÄœÁŽ¨¨r‹³¤¸Â°¤Ã¤Áœ¸¥­Š¼ ÁžÈœ°œ´ ˜¦µ¥˜°n ­˜´ ªrœÎµÊ šÎµ Ä®oœÎµÊ ¤¸­¸Á…¸¥ªÁ…o¤Á®œ¸¥ª®œº—¤¸„¨·ÉœÁ®¤Èœ ­˜´ ªrœÎµÊ °µ‹˜µ¥Å—oÁœºÉ°Š‹µ„…µ—°°„Ž·Á‹œ¨³­µ®¦nµ¥ Ş°—» šÉ¸Á®Šº°„…°Š­˜´ ªrœÎµÊ 108 A1þ <L?K<5=J;\"/N-D?S L331

300N^ üG3R=;Aþ2L3G\"X8?\"/G38č% £µ¡šÉ¸ 5.42 Notiluca sp. š¸É¤µ : Pfiester and Anderson (1987) Ceratium VS ¨„´ ¬–³ : ÁŽ¨¨r¤¸¨„´ ¬–³ÁŒ¡µ³˜ª´ ‡º°­nªœ…°Š°·¡·š¸„µ˜°œœ¤¸¨„´ ¬–³ ÁžÈœÁ…µ¥ºÉœ¥µªř°œ´ ¨³¤¸Å±Ãžš¸„µ¥Éºœ¥µª°°„šµŠ—oµœ…oµŠŚ®¦º°ś°œ´ œÁ¡¨˜¤¸¨ª—¨µ¥ÁžÈœ ˜µ…µn ¥ £µ¡š¸É5.43) Á¤ºÉ°¤¸„µ¦¨¤¼ œÎµÊ ‹³¤¸­¸Â—ŠÁ®¤º°œ°·“ÁŸµ¡Á­¤°Á¤Éº°¤¸ œ˜„‡¦´ŠÊ ¦„…œµ— …°ŠÁŽ¨¨rŝŘ- şŘŤ‡¦°œ¤„´ „n°Ä®oÁ„·—ž¦µ„’„µ¦–rœÎµÊ …¸žÊ ¨µªµ¯red tide) ŗo°n ¥ Ç Ÿ¨„¦³š š¸É˜µ¤¤µ‡º° šÎµÄ®o­˜´ ªrœÎµÊ ˜µ¥ÁœºÉ°Š‹µ„…µ—°°„Ž·Á‹œÄœÂ®¨nŠœÎµÊ ¨³‹³¤¸Ÿ¨˜°n ‡œ®µ„„·œ­˜´ ªrœÎµÊ šÉ¸¤¸¡¬· Á…oµÅž ÁœÉº°Š‹µ„­µ®¦nµ¥œ—· œ¸¤Ê ¸¡·¬PSP. °¥Än¼ œ˜ª´ £µ¡š¸É5.43 Ceratium sp. 109 š¸É¤µ: » Ÿµ( 2556 ) A1þ <L?<K 5=J;\"/-N DS?L331

300N^ üG3R =;A2þ L3G\"X8?\"/ G38č% Gonyaulax VS ¨„´ ¬–³ : ÁŽ¨¨r¤¸¨´„¬–³„¨¤®¦º°¦¸Á¡¨˜‡n°œ…oµŠ®œµœÁ¡¨˜°µ‹¤¸ ¨ª—¨µ¥¦n°ŠÁ„°¦rÁ—¨· ®¦º°œ· „¼¨¤´ ¤¸­nªœž¨µ¥š¸ÉÁ¥º°Ê Š„œ´ °¥n¼ £µ¡š¸É5.44) ÁŽ¨¨r¤¸‡¨°Ã¦¡¨µ­˜r „¨¤ÁžÈœ‹Îµœªœ¤µ„ ¤¸­¸œÎµÊ ˜µ¨žœÁ®¨º°Š¤¸š¦·Ã‡Ž·­˜r(trichocyst) ¨„´ ¬–³‡¨oµ¥®œª—­Îµ®¦´¡nŠ» °°„¤µÁ¡Éº°žo°Š„´œ˜´ª­µ¤µ¦™Á¦º°ŠÂ­ŠÅ—o¡š´ŠÊ ĜœÎµÊ š³Á¨Â¨³œÎµÊ ‹º—ÁžÈœ­„»¨šÉ¸šÎµÄ®oÁ„·— „¦³Â­œÎµÊ —Š®¦º°œÎµÊ …¸žÊ ¨µªµ¯Äœš³Á¨¨³ÁžÈœ­µ®¦nµ¥šÉ¸¤¸¡·¬ PSP. ®µ„‡œÅ—o¦´­µ¦¡·¬œ·—œ¸ Ê ‹³¤¸°µ„µ¦šo°Š¦nªŠÁ„·—°µ„µ¦°¤´ ¡µ˜ °µ‹¤¸°µ„µ¦µ˜µ¤¨·œÊ ¨³­nªœ°ÉºœÇ…°Š¦nµŠ„µ¥°µ‹˜µ¥ £µ¥řŚªÉ´ äŠ £µ¡šÉ¸ 5.44 Gonyaulax sp. š¸É¤µ : Shirota (1966)  3HULGLQLXPVS ¨„´ ¬–³ : ÁžÈœÁŽ¨¨rÁ—ɸ¥ªÇ¦¼ž¦nµŠ¨„´ ¬–³šªÉ´ ŞÁžÈœ„o°œÇŤnÁ¦¸¥˜ª´ ÁŽ¨¨r ¤¸¦¼ž¦nµŠ®¨µ¥Â˜Š´Ê ˜šn ¦Š„¨¤rounded) š¦ŠÅ…n(ovoid) £µ¡š¸É5.45) ¨³¦¼ž¦nµŠÁ®¤º°œ„¦ª¥ 2 —oµœ (biconical) š¦Š¨„¼ …µn Š®¦º°¦¼ž¦nµŠ®¨µ¥Á®¨É¸¥¤polygonal) µŠœ—· ¤¸®œµ¤°¥nš¼ ¸É­nªœšoµ¥ …°ŠÁŽ¨¨rÁŽ¨¨rœšµŠ—oµœšo°ŠÂ¨³—oµœ®¨Š´ Á¨„È œo°¥ÁŽ¨¨r¤¸Â¢¨„Á‹¨¨¤´ 2 Á­oœÁ­oœ®œÉŠ¹ ¤¸¦¼ž¦nµŠ ‡¨oµ¥¦·œ· Ê °¥Än¼ œ¦n°Š˜µ¤Âœª…ªµŠ °¸„Á­oœ®œŠÉ¹ ¥µªÅžšµŠ­ªn œ®¨Š´ ÁŽ¨¨r¤¸Á„¦µ³®o¤» ¨³¤¸¨µ¥œ Ÿ·ªÁ—œn —´ ­ªn œÄ®n¡ÄœœÎµÊ ‹º—¨³œÎµÊ „¦n°¥ 110 Aþ1<L?<K 5=J;\"/N-D?S L331

300^N üG3R =;A2þ L3G\"X8?\"/ G38%č £µ¡šÉ¸ 5.45 Peridinium sp. š¸É¤µ : Patterson (1966) 6) class cryptophyta (cryptomonads) ºÉ°Á¦¸¥„š´ÉªÅž‡º°‡¦·žÃ˜Ã¤Âœ‡cryptomonads) ÁžÈœÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œ„¨n»¤ Á¨È„ÇÁ—·¤‹—´ °¥nļ œ„¨¤n» Á—¸¥ª„´ ަ؎ª´ ÁœÉº°Š‹µ„¤¸Ã‡¦¤µÃ˜¢°¦r ŽÉ¹Š­¤µ·„Äœ°µ–µ‹„´ ¦Ãž¦˜·­˜µ Ť¤n ¸„µ¦Â¡¦n„¦³‹µ¥¡Å—ošªÉ´ ŞšŠ´Ê ĜœÎµÊ ‹º—œÎµÊ Á‡¤È ¨³œÎµÊ „¦n°¥„µ¦Äo¸ª·˜šŠ´Ê ÁžÈœÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œÂ¨³Å¤n ÁžÈ œÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œ ÁŽ¨¨r¦nµŠ„µ¥¤¸¦¼ž¦nµŠ‡ŠšÉ¸ŤnÁž¨É¸¥œÂž¨ŠŠnµ¥ ÁŽ¨¨r¦nµŠ„µ¥¤´„œ¨Š¨nµŠ —oµœ®œoµ¤¸®œª—Ś Á­oœ¥µªÁšnµ„´œ®¦º°Å¤n„Èŗo¨´——µŚŝŚŜǦ¤µÃ˜¢°¦r¤¸‹ÎµœªœÅ¤nœnœ°œ ×¥šª´É ޤ¸ž¦³¤µ–ř– Ś°œ´ ­¸…°ŠÃ‡¦¤µÃ˜¢°¦r­nªœÄ®nÁžÈœ­¸œÎµÊ ˜µ¨ ˜¤n ¸µŠœ·—°µ‹ÁžÈœ­¸°ºÉœ ÇÁnœ­¸Â—ŠœÎµÊ ÁŠ·œÁ…¸¥ª¤³„°„®¦º°°µ‹Å¤¡n ­¸°µ®µ¦­³­¤ÁžÈœÂžoŠÂ¨³Å…¤œ´ „µ¦­º¡œ´ ›r»ÁžÈœ „µ¦­º¡œ´ ›r»ÂÅ¤°n µ«¥´ Á¡«Ã—¥„µ¦ÂŠn ÁŽ¨¨r ¨„´ ¬–³Á—œn š¸É¡Äœ—ª· ·œÉ´ œ¸‡Ê º°£µ¥Äœ®¨°—‡°‹³¤¸ Á…Ȥ¡·¬trichocysts ®¦º°ejectosome) šÉ¸¥º—®—Å—o Á…Ȥ¡·¬œ¸‹Ê ³ÄošŠÁ®¥Éº°Á¡ºÉ°‹´¤µ„·œÁžÈœ °µ®µ¦ ­„»¨šÉ¸Äo¸ª·˜ÁžÈœÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œš¸ÉÁ—nœ—´ šÉ¸­»—‡º° Cryptomonas sp. ¨³Chilomonas sp. £µ¡š¸É5.46) ¨„´ ¬–³­Îµ‡´ …°Š‡¨µ­ (1) ­µ¦­¸­Îµ®¦´­Š´ Á‡¦µ³®r­Šž¦³„°—oª¥ ‡¨°Ã¦¢·¨¨rÁ° ¨³‡¨°Ã¦¢·¨¨rŽ¸‡æš¸œ°¥—r ŽœÃ›¢·¨¨r¨³Å¢Ã‡Ã· ¨Ãž¦˜¸œ (2) ÁŽ¨¨rŤ¤n ¸ŸœŠ´ ®o¤» ˜®n o¤» —oª¥Á¥ºÉ°®o¤» ÁŽ¨¨rš¸ÉÁ¦¸¥„ªµn Á¡°¦·¡¨µ­˜r  ®¨µ¥œ—· ­µ¤µ¦™Áž¨É¸¥œÂž¨Š¦¼ž¦nµŠÅ—ooµŠ Aþ1<L?<K 5=J;\"/N-DS?L331 111

300N^üG3R =;A2þ L3G\"X8?\"/ G38č% (3) ¤¸®œª—2 Á­oœ­ªn œÄ®n¥µªÅ¤Án šµn „œ´ ‹—» š¸É˜Š´Ê …°Š®œª—°¥n¼ ¦·Áª–š¸É˜É優µn ‹—» —oµœœ­—» …°ŠÁŽ¨¨r®¦º°°¥—n¼ oµœ…oµŠ (4) °µ®µ¦­³­¤°¥Än¼ œ¦¼žÂžŠo ×¥Á„ȝ°¥Än¼ œÅ¡¦¸œ°¥—r (5) ¨„´ ¬–³¡Á· «¬…°Š‡¨µ­ÁŽ¨¨rœ…oµŠcompressed®¦º° œ‹µ„œ¨Š¨nµŠ—oµœœ­»—…°ŠÁŽ¨¨r°µ‹‹³Å¤n˜—´ ˜¦Š®¦º°˜—´ ˜¦ŠÂÁŒ¸¥Š®¦º°ÁªoµÁ¨È„œo°¥ °µ‹¤¸˜µ®¦º°Å¤¤n ¸˜µ¤¸Á…¤È ¡¬· ®¦º°°·Á‹‡ÃšŽ¤´ ejectosome) šÎµ®œoµšÉ¸ž°o Š„œ´ ˜ª´ „µ¦‹ÎµÂœ„®¤ª—®¤n¼ ŗo‹—´ ‹ÎµÂœ„˜µ¤¦³…°ŠThrondsen (1993) ¡°­Š´ Á…ž—Š´ œ¸ Ê order1 cryptomonadales family cryptomonadaceae ŗo„n Cryptomonas     &U\\SWRPRQDVVS ¨„´ ¬–³: ÁžÈœÁŽ¨¨r¦¼žÅ…n ¤¸„¨´ Á¨šgullet¦¼žšn°Á¦É·¤˜oœ‹µ„œ­—» …°Š¦n°Š ¨³¡µ—¨¹„Á…oµÅžÄœÅŽÃ˜¡¨µ­Ž¹¤¤¸®œª—2 Á­oœ¥µªÅ¤nÁšµn „œ´ £µ¡šÉ¸5.46‹—» Á¦·É¤˜oœ…°Š®œª— °¥šn¼ ɸ—oµœœ­—» …°Š¦n°Š®¦º°š¸É…°—oµœšo°Š…°Š„´¨Á¨šœª· Á‡¨¸¥­°¥—n¼ oµœšoµ¥…°ŠÁŽ¨¨r‡¨°Ã¦¡¨µ­˜r ÁžÈœÂŸœn  2 Ÿœn ­¸…°Š‡¨°Ã¦¡¨µ­˜r¤¸˜Š´Ê ˜­n ¸Á…¸¥ªÁ…¸¥ª¤³„°„œÎµÊ ˜µ¨µŠ‡¦´ŠÊ °µ‹¤¸­¸Â—Š £µ¡šÉ¸5.46 ¨„´ ¬–³…°ŠÁŽ¨¨rCryptomonas sp. š¸É¤µ : Lee (1980) 112 Aþ1<L?<K 5=J;\"/-N DS?L331

300^N š G3R =;Aþ2L3 G\"X8?\"/G3D/K A



300N^š G3R =;A2þ L3G\"X8?\"/ G3DK/A Þ¦—°µn œ®ª´ Á¦ºÉ°Š¨³‹—» ž¦³­Š‡Ár Š· ¡§˜„· ¦¦¤ ¨oª‹Š¹ «„¹ ¬µ¦µ¥¨³Á°¸¥—˜°n Şœ¸ Ê ®´ªÁ¦Éº°Š 6.1 phylum protozoa 6.2 phylum cnidaria 6.3 phylum ctenophora 6.4 phylum platyhelminthes 6.5 phylum nemertinea 6.6 phylum rotifera 6.7 phylum chaetognatha 6.8 phylum annelida 6.9 phylum arthropoda 6.10 phylum phoronida 6.11 phylum ectoprocta 6.12 phylum branchiopoda 6.13 phylum mollusca 6.14 phylum echinodermata 6.15 phylum hemichordata 6.16 phylum chordata ‹»—ž¦³­Š‡rÁŠ· ¡§˜„· ¦¦¤ Á¤ºÉ°«„¹ ¬µšš¸É6 ‹Â¨oªœ„´ «„¹ ¬µ­µ¤µ¦™ 1. °›·µ¥‡ªµ¤®¤µ¥Â¡¨Š„r˜°œ­˜´ ªrŗo 2. Á…¸¥œÂŸœŸŠ´ ‡ªµ¤‡—· Á¦Éº°Š„µ¦‹—´ ®¤ª—®¤Ån¼ ¢¨¤´ °µ¦rڦޗµÅ—o 3. °„Éº°Â¡¨Š„r˜°œ­˜´ ªrĜި¤´ ˜µn Š Ç Å—o 4. ‹—´ ‹ÎµÂœ„¡¨Š„r˜°œ­˜´ ªrĜި¤´ ˜µn Š Ç Å—o Aþ1<L?K<5=J;\"/N-D?S L331 115

300N^ šG3R=;Aþ2L3G\"X8?\"/G3DK/A ¡¨Š„r˜°œ­˜´ ªrÁžÈœ­É·Š¤¸¸ª·˜š¸ÉŤ­n µ¤µ¦™­¦oµŠ°µ®µ¦¡ª„°·œš¦¸¥rŗo—oª¥˜ª´ Á°Š¨³ÁžÈœ ­·ÉŠ¤¸¸ª·˜šÉ¸˜o°Š°µ«¥´ ¦Š¨¤Â¨³„¦³Â­œÎµÊ ªn ¥Äœ„µ¦Á‡¨ºÉ°œš¸É ž¦³„°—oª¥­˜´ ªrš„» Å¢¨¤´ ×¥°µ‹ ÁžÈœÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œ™µª¦®¦º°Â¡¨Š„r˜°œª´É ‡¦µª ÁœÉº°Š‹µ„¡¨Š„r˜°œ­˜´ ªrž¦³„°—oª¥­˜´ ªrš¸É°¥Än¼ œ ¦³¥³ª¥´ °n°œ˜ª´ Á˜È¤ª¥´ ¨³¦ª¤™¹ŠÅ…nµŠž¦³Á£š…°Š­˜´ ªrœÎµÊ ÁnœŅn¨°¥…°Šž¨µµŠž¦³Á£š —Š´ œœ´Ê Ĝ„µ¦‹—´ ‹ÎµÂœ„¡¨Š„r˜°œ­˜´ ªr‹Š¹ ÁžÈœÁ¦ºÉ°Šš¸É¥Šn» ¥µ„Á¡¦µ³Â¡¨Š„r˜°œ­˜´ ªr­nªœÄ®n‹³¤¸ ¦³¥³ª¥´ °°n œšÉ¸¤¸¦¼ž¦nµŠÂ˜„˜µn Š‹µ„˜ª´ Á˜È¤ª¥´ µŠ„¨n¤» ¤¸¦³¥³ª¥´ °n°œ®¨µ¥¦³¥³˜n¨³¦³¥³…°Š ª¥´ °n°œ‹³¤¸¦¼ž¦nµŠÂ˜„˜µn Š„œ´ ĜšÉ¸œ¸‹Ê ³…°„¨nµª™¹Š­·ÉŠ¤¸¸ª·˜šÉ¸ÁžÈœÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œ­˜´ ªrĜި¤´ ˜µn Š Ç ‹Îµœªœ16 Å¢¨¤´ (phylum) ¨—´ —µ, 2543) —Š´ ˜°n Şœ¸ Ê phylum protozoa phylum cnidaria phylum ctenophora phylum platyhelminthes phylum nemertinea phylum rotifera phylum chaetognatha phylum annelida phylum arthropoda phylum phornida phylum ectoprota phylum brachiopoda phylum mollusca phylum echinodermata phylum hemichordata phylum chordata 6.1 phylum protozoa ­˜´ ªrĜި¤´ œ¸Áʦ¸¥„šªÉ´ ުnµ ަ؎ª´ (protozoa) ¡Â¡¦n„¦³‹µ¥š„» ®œš„» ®Šn …°ŠÃ¨„ „µ¦—ε¦Š¸ª˜· ¤¸šŠ´Ê š¸É—ε¦Š¸ª·˜ÁžÈœÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œÂ¨³Å¤Án žÈœÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œަ؎ª´ ÁžÈœ­˜´ ªrÁŽ¨¨rÁ—¸¥ª °µ‹°¥n¼Á—ɸ¥ª Ç ®¦º°°¥n¼ÁžÈœÃ‡Ã¨œ¸ަ؎´ª­µ¤µ¦™ÂnŠ„¨n»¤Å—o˜µ¤°°¦r„µÁœ¨¨ršÉ¸ÄoĜ„µ¦ Á‡¨ºÉ°œšÉ¸ Áœn ÁšoµÁš¸¥¤ (pseudopodia¨³…œcilia) 116 Aþ1<L?<K 5=J;\"/N-D?S L331

300N^šG3R=;Aþ2L3G\"X8?\"/ G3D/K A 6.1.1 „µ¦‹ÎµÂœ„®¤ª—®¤n¼ classification) „µ¦‹ÎµÂœ„®¤ª—®¤n…¼ °ŠÃž¦Ã˜Žª´ ¤¸°¥®n¼ ¨µ¥¦³—oª¥„œ´ ĜÁ°„­µ¦Œ´ œ¸ÅÊ —o¥¹— „µ¦ÂŠn ®¤ª—®¤˜n¼ µ¤Kudo ,1966 ,°oµŠÃ—¥¨—´ —µ, 2543ŽŠÉ¹ ÁžÈœ¦³š¸É‹ÎµŠnµ¥ŤŽn ´ Žo°œ¨³ Á®¤µ³„´ ŸoÁ¼ ¦¸¥œÄœ¦³—´ œ¸ Ê×¥phylum protozoa ­µ¤µ¦™ÂŠn ŗoÁžÈœ2 subphylum Ä®nÇŗo„n subphylum plasmodroma ¨³ subphylum ciliophora 6.1.1.1 subphylum plasmodroma class mastigophora ÁžÈœÃž¦Ã˜Ž´ªš¸Éčo®œª—Äœ„µ¦Á‡¨ºÉ°œšÉ¸ ŽÉ¹ŠÅ¤n…° „¨µn ªÄœšœ¸Ê class sarcodina ÁžÈœÃž¦Ã˜Ž´ªš¸ÉÁ‡¨Éº°œš¸É—oª¥ÁšoµÁš¸¥¤‹ÎµÂœ„Å—oÁžÈœ Ž´ ‡¨µ­Å¦ÃŽÃ¡—µ(subclass rhizopoda) ­¤µ„· ĜŽ´ ‡¨µ­œ¸ÊÁžÈœ­˜´ ªrœ´Ê ˜Îɵš¸É¦nµŠ„µ¥­µ¤µ¦™ Á¨ºÉ°œÅ®¨ÅžÄœš·«šµŠ˜µn Š Ç Å—o ­nªœ…°Š¦nµŠ„µ¥šÉ¸Á¨ºÉ°œÅ®¨œ¸Áʦ¸¥„ªnµÁšoµÁš¸¥¤ (pseudopodium) ®œoµš¸É®¨„´ ‡°º čo‹´ °µ®µ¦˜ª´ °¥µn ŠÁœn 1) „¨¤n» °³¤¸µÁ¦¸¥„šªÉ´ ުµn °³¤¸µ(amoeba) £µ¡šÉ¸6.1) Šn °°„ÁžÈœ2 œ·—‡º° œ·—šÉ¸Å¤n¤¸­É·Š®n°®o¤» ÁŽ¨¨rŗo„n Amoeba sp. Pelomyxa sp. ¨³œ·—š¸É¤¸­É·Š ®°n ®o¤» ÁŽ¨¨rŗo„n Arcella sp.£µ¡š¸É6.2)Diffugia sp.£µ¡š¸É6.3) ­·ÉŠ¤¸¸ª·˜Äœ„¨¤n» œ¸ÅÊ ŽÃ˜¡¨µ­Ž¤¹ ‹³ÂŠn °°„ÁžÈœ2 ­ªn œ‡°º ­ªn œœ°„ ¨³­nªœÄœ °³¤¸µœ—· šÉ¸¤¸Áž¨º°„®o¤» ÁŽ¨¨rœœ´Ê Áž¨º°„°µ‹™„¼ ­¦oµŠ‹µ„ŎØ¡¨µ­Ž¹¤Á°Š®¦º°°µ‹™¼„­¦oµŠ…¹œÊ ‹µ„Á«¬ª´­—»œ°„¦nµŠ„µ¥šÉ¸˜·—¤µ„´ÁŽ¨¨r…°Š °³¤¸µ„Èŗo ˜n¤´œ‹³¤¸n°ŠªnµŠœÁž¨º°„°¥n¼°¥nµŠœo°¥1 n°ŠÁ¡Éº°ÁžÈœšµŠ°°„…°ŠÁšoµÁš¸¥¤ ¦¼ž¦nµŠ…°Š°³¤¸µšÉ¸¤¸Áž¨º°„­nªœ¤µ„¤¸¦¼ž¦nµŠÁ®¤º°œÂ‹„œ´ ÁnœDiffugia oblonga ŽÉ¹ŠÁž¨º°„‹³ ž¦³„°Åž—oª¥Á¤È—„¦ª—¨³Á¤È—š¦µ¥®¦º°Á«¬ª­´ —»°ºÉœšÉ¸¤µÁ„µ³˜·—„´ÁŽ¨¨rץčo­µ¦Á¤º°„ Á®œ¸¥ªÁžÈœ˜ª´ ¥—¹ Aþ1<L?<K 5=J;\"/N-DS?L331 117

300^N šG3R=;A2þ L3G\"X8?\"/G3D/K A £µ¡š¸É6.1 ǦŠ­¦oµŠšª´É Ş…°Š°³¤¸µ CV ‡°œÂš¦‡Åš¨rª‡‡ª· ð¨,FV ª‡‡ª· 𨰵®µ¦Endp Á°œÃ—¡¨µ­Ž¤¹ ,Nœª· Á‡¨¸¥­, P ÁšoµÁš¸¥¤¨³Ectp(Á°‡Ã˜¡¨µ­Ž¤¹  š¸É¤µ: Sherman and Sherman (1976 £µ¡šÉ¸6.2 Acella sp. £µ¡šÉ¸6.3 Diffugia sp. šÉ¸¤µ : Grell (1973šÉ¸¤µ : Jahn,et al. (1979 2) „¨n¤» ¢°¦µ¤·œ·Á¢¦µ (foraminifera) £µ¡š¸É 6.4 ަ؎ª´ œ·—œ¸¡Ê Å—o Ĝšo°Šš³Á¨šÉ´ªÅžÁžÈœ­´˜ªrÁŽ¨¨rÁ—¸¥ªšÉ¸¤¸¨´„¬–³¡·Á«¬‡º°¤¸Áž¨º°„®o»¤˜´ªŽ¹ÉŠÂnŠÁžÈœ®o°Š Ç (chamber) ®o°Š¤„´ Á¦¸¥Š‹µ„Á¨È„ŞĮn ˜¨n ³®o°Š‹³Á¦¸¥Š˜—· ˜°n „œ´ ÁžÈœ¦³Á¸¥¦·Áª–Ÿ·ª…°ŠÂ˜n ¨³®o°Š‹³¤¸¦¼Á¨È„ Ç „¦³‹µ¥°¥šn¼ ªÉ´ ŞŽ¹ÉŠ¦¼Á®¨nµœ¸‹Ê ³ÁžÈœšµŠ°°„…°ŠÁšoµÁš¸¥¤ŽÉ¹Š¤¸…œµ—Á¨È„¨³ ¥µª‡¨oµ¥Á…Ȥ°µ‹Â˜„Â…œŠÅ—o ¤¸Éº°Á¦¸¥„ÁŒ¡µ³‡º°Á¦˜·¨¼Ã‡ÃžÁ—¸¥(retilucopodia) ­nªœž¦³„° 118 A1þ <L?<K 5=J;\"/N-D?S L331

300^NšG3R =;A2þ L3G\"X8?\"/G3D/K A …°ŠÁž¨º°„˜n¨³œ·—°µ‹Â˜„˜nµŠ„´œÁnœµŠœ·—ÁžÈœ­µ¦Å‡˜·œ(chitin) µŠœ·—ÁžÈœ­µ¦ ‡¨ÁŽ¸¥¤‡µ¦r°Áœ˜­–´ “µœ…°ŠÁž¨º°„­µ¤µ¦™ÄoĜ„µ¦˜¦ª‹­°®µÉº°ª·š¥µ«µ­˜¦rŗo Á¤Éº°¢°¦µ¤·œ·Á¢¦µ˜µ¥¨ŠÁž¨º°„‹³‹¤¨Š­n„¼ oœ¤®µ­¤š» ¦Â¨³¤µ„…¹œÊ Á¦Éº°¥ Ç Á¤ºÉ°œµœ®¨µ¥­·¨oµœž¸ „È‹³„¨µ¥ÁžÈ œ˜³„°œš´™¤„´œŽÉ¹Š°»—¤Åž—oª¥Â‡¨ÁŽ¸¥¤ ‡µ¦r°Áœ˜¨³Ž·¨·„µÁ¦¸¥„˜³„°œœ¸ªÊ nµ ¢°¦µ¤·œ·Á¢Â¦œ°¼Ž (foraminiferan ooze) œ·—šÉ¸¡ ¡¦n„¦³‹µ¥š´ÉªÃ¨„ŗo„n Globigerina bulloides Ž¹ÉŠ¤¸¦¼ž¦nµŠ‡n°œ…oµŠ„¨¤¨³¤¸ÁšoµÁš¸¥¤¥ºÉœ °°„¤µ¤µ„¤µ¥¡ª„œ¸¤Ê ´„°¥n¼˜µ¤Ÿ·ªœÎµÊ Á¤Éº°˜µ¥¨ŠÁž¨º°„‹³‡n°¥ Ç ‹¤¨Š°¥nµŠoµ ÇÁ„·—ÁžÈœ ˜³„°œ­¸ÁšµÁ¦¸¥„ªµn ĨÁ· ‹°¦·œµ°Ž¼ (globigerina ooze) £µ¡šÉ¸6.4 ǦŠ­¦oµŠ¡ºœÊ “µœ…°Š¢°¦µ¤·œ·Á¢¦µ š¸É¤µ : Haeckel (1899 ) 3) „¨n»¤¦µ—·Ã°¨µÁ¦¸¥(radiolaria) £µ¡šÉ¸ 6.5) ­¤µ·„­nªœÄ®n°µ«¥´ Ĝ š³Á¨ ‹—´ ÁžÈœÃž¦Ã˜Žª´ šÉ¸¤¸¨ª—¨µ¥­ª¥Šµ¤ǦŠ¦nµŠ£µ¥œ°„ÁžÈœ­µ¦¡ª„Ž·¨·„µ µŠœ·—Áž¨º°„ ÁžÈœ­µ¦­˜¦°œÁ˜¸¥¤Ž¨´ Á¢˜ (strontium sulfate) ¦µ—·Ã°¨µÁ¦¸¥Â˜¨n ³­ž¸¸­r‹³¤¸¦¼ž¦nµŠÂ¨³¨ª—¨µ¥ ˜„˜nµŠ„´œŽ¹ÉŠ­µ¤µ¦™ÄoÁžÈœ¨´„¬–³Äœ„µ¦‹ÎµÂœ„œ·—Å—o¦¼ž¦nµŠ­nªœÄ®n‹³‡n°œ…oµŠ„¨¤ ¤¸ ÁŽœš¦´¨Â‡žŽ¼¨ (central capsule) Ž¹ÉŠÁžÈœ­µ¦¡ª„Ň˜·œ°¥n„¼ ¨µŠÁŽ¨¨rÁŽœš¦´¨Â‡žŽ¼¨œ¸¤Ê ¸¦¼¡¦»œ Aþ1<L?K<5=J;\"/-N D?S L331 119

300^N šG3R =;A2þ L3G\"X8?\"/G3D/K A °¥n¤¼ µ„¤µ¥£µ¥Äœ¤¸œ·ªÁ‡¨¸¥­1 °œ´ ®¦º°®¨µ¥°œ´ ÁŽœš¦´¨Â‡žŽ¼¨‹³ÁžÈœ˜ª´ Â¥„ŎØ¡¨µ­Ž¹¤ °°„ÁžÈœœ´Ê Ĝ¨³œ´Ê œ°„ Á¤Éº°¦µ—÷ °¨µÁ¦¸¥˜µ¥¨ŠÁž¨º°„„È‹³‡°n ¥ Ç ‹¤¨Š­n„¼ oœ¤®µ­¤š» ¦Ánœ Á—¸¥ª„´ ¢°¦µ¤·œ·Á¢¦µ ˜³„°œ‹³š´ ™¤¤µ„…œ¹ Ê Á¦ºÉ°¥ Ç Á¦¸¥„ªnµ¦µ—·Ã°¨µÁ¦¸¥œ°Ž¼ ŽÉŠ¹ ‹³¡¤µ„Äœ ¤®µ­¤š» ¦ÂžŽ·¢·„¨³¤®µ­¤š» ¦°œ· Á—¸¥ £µ¡š¸É6.5 ¦¼ž¦nµŠ¨„´ ¬–³…°Š¦µ—·Ã°¨µÁ¦¸¥ š¸É¤µ : Barnes (1968 ) 4) „¨n»¤Á±¨·Ã°Ž´ª(heliozoa) ºÉ°Á¦¸¥„šÉ´ªÅžÁ¦¸¥„ªnµ ˜³ª´œ(sun animal) ަ؎ª´ „¨n¤» œ¸¤Ê ¸¦¼ž¦nµŠ„¨¤¡Å—oÁ­¤°ÄœÂ®¨nŠœÎµÊ ‹º—šª´É ŞÁšoµÁš¸¥¤¤¸¨„´ ¬–³ÁžÈœÂšnŠÂ®¨¤ ¥ºÉœ°°„¤µ¦°˜ª´ Á¦¸¥„ÁšoµÁš¸¥¤œ—· œ¸ªÊ µn axopodia ®œoµšÉ¸®¨„´ ‡º°ÄoÁžÈœÁ‡¦ºÉ°Š—„´ ‹´ °µ®µ¦°¥µn Š Á—¸¥ª˜‹n ³Å¤¤n ¸®œoµš¸Éªn ¥Äœ„µ¦Á‡¨ºÉ°œšÉ¸˜ª´ °¥µn ŠÁœn Actinophrys sp. £µ¡šÉ¸6.6) ¡ÄœÂ®¨nŠ œÎµÊ ‹º— 120 Aþ1<L?<K 5=J;\"/-N DS?L331

300^N šG3R=;A2þ L3G\"X8?\"/G3DK/A £µ¡šÉ¸6.6 Actinophrys sp. šÉ¸¤µ : Patterson ( 1996) 6.1.1.2 subphylum ciliophora ŗo„n ަ؎´ªš¸ÉÁ‡¨Éº°œšÉ¸—oª¥Ž·Á¨¸¥cilia®¦º° ǦŠ­¦oµŠ°Éºœ…°ŠŽ·Á¨¸¥Šn ÁžÈœ2 ‡¨µ­Ĝš¸Éœ¸‹Ê ³…°„¨nµªÁ¡¸¥Š‡¨µ­Á—¸¥ª‡º° ‡¨µ­Ž·¨·Ã°¢°¦µ (class ciliophora) Á¦¸¥„šÉ´ªÅžªnµ¡ª„Ž·¨·Á°š (ciliate) ­¤µ·„Äœ‡¨µ­œ¸¤Ê ¸ž¦³¤µ–6,000 œ·— °µ«¥´ °¥n¼š´ÉªÅžš´ŠÊ š¸ÉÁžÈœÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œÂ¨³Å¤nÁžÈœÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œ­nªœÄ®nÁžÈ œÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œ­´˜ªršÉ¸ Á‡¨Éº°œšÉ¸Å—oץčoŽÁ· ¨¸¥Ã„¡—´ Á¡¦µ³¤¸¨„´ ¬–³Á—œn ‡º°¤¸…œž„‡¨¤» ¦nµŠ„µ¥šªÉ´ ޘª´ °¥µn ŠÁœn 1) š·œš·œœ·—(tintinnid) ­¤µ·„„¨n¤» œ¸­Ê nªœÄ®nÁ‡¨ºÉ°œšÉ¸Ã—¥ÄoŽ·Á¨¸¥Ã„ ¡´— ¡Äœš³Á¨¤µ„„ªnµÄœœÎµÊ ‹º—µŠ‡¦´ŠÊ ‹³¡¤µ„¦·Áª–µ¥ ´ÉŠ˜n‹³¨—ž¦·¤µ–¨Š°¥nµŠ ¦ª—Á¦Èª Á¤Éº°­£µ¡Âª—¨o°¤Áž¨¸É¥œÂž¨ŠÅžÁŽ¨¨r×¥šª´É Ş‹³¤¸Áž¨º°„®o¤» Á¦¸¥„ªnµ ¨°¦·„µ (lorica) ­nªœÄ®n¤¸¦¼ž¦nµŠÁžÈœ¦¼ž„¦ª¥®¦º°¦¼žÂ‹„´œ Á¤Éº°¥¹—˜ª´ °°„‹µ„Áž¨º°„‹³Á®ÈœŽ·Á¨¸¥ Ž¹ÉŠ¦ª¤„´œ°¥n¼ ÁžÈœÂ™Á¨È„Ç °¥nµŠ¤¸¦³Á¸¥ Áž¨º°„¤„´ ÁžÈœ­µ¦ž¦³„°¡ª„Á‹¨µ˜·œ®¦º°­µ¦Å‡˜œ· Áš¸¥¤‹Š¹ ¤¸ ­ŠÉ· ž¨„ž¨°¤˜µn ŠÇÁnœÁ¤—È š¦µ¥¨³Á°¸¥—Ǩœ®¦º°Áž¨º°„Å—°³˜°¤˜·—°¥¦n¼ °¨°¦·„µš·œš·œœ·— ˜¨n ³­ž¸¸­r‹³¤¸¦¼ž¦nµŠÂ¨³¨ª—¨µ¥Â˜„˜µn Š„œ´ ‹Š¹ ­µ¤µ¦™ÄoÁžÈœÁ„–”rĜ„µ¦‹—´ ‹ÎµÂœ„œ·—Å—o ˜ª´ °¥µn Šš¸É¡Å—o„n Tintinnopsis sp. £µ¡š¸É 6.7) Aþ1<L?<K 5=J;\"/N-D?S L331 121

300^NšG3R =;A2þ L3G\"X8?\"/G3D/K A £µ¡šÉ¸6.7 Tintinnopsis sp. š¸¤É µ : Finlay (1988) 6.2 phylum cnidaria ­´˜ªrĜި´¤œ¸¤Ê ¸­¤µ·„‡º° ¤Š„³¡¦»œ(jellyfish) ‹´—ÁžÈœÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œ­˜´ ªr…œµ—Ä®n °µ«¥´ °¥nļ œœÎµÊ š³Á¨ ¤¸­ªn œœo°¥š¸É¡ÄœœÎµÊ ‹º— ÁžÈœ­˜´ ªr®¨µ¥ÁŽ¨¨rŸœŠ´ ¨Îµ˜ª´ ž¦³„°—oª¥Áœº°Ê Á¥ºÉ° 2 ´œÊ ´œÊ œ ° „ (epidermis)Áž ¨¸É ¥ œ  ž ¨ Š¤ µ‹µ„ ´œÊ Á° ‡ Ø Á—· ¦r ¤ (ectoderm) ¨ ³´œÊ Ĝ (gastrodermis) Áž¨É¸¥œÂž¨Š¤µ‹µ„œ´Ê Á°œÃ—Á—·¦r¤(endoderm) ¦³®ªµn Šœ´Ê šŠ´Ê 2 ¤¸œ´Ê ¤¸ÃŽÁ„¨¸¥ (mesoglea) ŽÉ¹Š¤¸¨„´ ¬–³‡¨oµ¥ªoœ» š¦„„¨µŠ¦³®ªnµŠ¨Îµ˜ª´ ŽŠÉ¹ ¤¸˜oœ„εÁœ·—¤µ‹µ„Á°œÃ—Á—·¦r¤¤¸ ®œoµšÉ¸¥n°¥°µ®µ¦¨ÎµÁ¨¸¥Š°µ®µ¦¨³¨ÎµÁ¨¸¥Š°°„Ž·Á‹œn°ŠªnµŠ„¨µŠ¨Îµ˜ª´ ¤¸n°ŠÁž·—n°ŠÁ—¸¥ª‡º° žµ„ŽÉ¹ŠšÎµ®œoµš¸ÉÁžÈœšªµ¦®œ„´ —oª¥­´˜ªrĜި´¤œ¸¤Ê ¸®œª—ÁšœšµÁ‡·¨ (tentacle) ¨³š¸ÉŸœ´Š…°Š ÁšœšµÁ‡·¨­nªœÄ®n‹³¤¸ÁŽ¨¨ršÉ¸¤¸Á…Ȥ¡·¬°¥n¼Á¦¸¥„ªnµœ¸¤µÃ˜Ž¸­˜r(nematocyst) ­˜´ ªrĜި¤´ œ¸¤Ê ¸ šŠ´Ê š¸É—ε¦Š¸ª·˜ÁžÈœÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œ™µª¦Â¨³Â¡¨Š„r˜°œª´É ‡¦µª ǦŠ­¦o µŠ¦nµŠ„µ¥…°Š­´˜ªrĜި´¤œ¸Ê ¤¸2 ¦¼žÂ ‡º° ¦¼žÂš¸ÉŤnÁžÈœÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œ (polyp) (£µ¡š¸É6.8 A)¦³¥³˜ª´ Á˜È¤ª¥´ ¤¸¨„´ ¬–³ÁžÈœ¦¼žÂšŠn š¦Š„¦³°„Á„µ³˜—· °¥n„¼ ´ ª­´ —Ä» ˜oœÎµÊ šª´É Ş ¨³¦¼žÂš¸ÉÁžÈœÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œ(medusa) )(£µ¡š¸É6.8 B)˜ª´ °°n œ¤¸¨„´ ¬–³ÁžÈœ¦¼ž¦³‰Š´ ‡ªÎɵ ¨°n Š¨°¥Åž˜µ¤„¦³Â­œÎµÊ Ž¸Á¨œÁš°Á¦˜µŠœ—· °µ‹¤¸¦¼ž¦nµŠÁžÈœÂÄ—®œ¹ŠÉ ˜¨°—¸ª·˜Á¨¥„È ŗo®¦º°°µ‹¤¸¦¼ž¦nµŠšŠ´Ê 2 ­¨´ „œ´ 122 A1þ <L?K<5=J;\"/N-D?S L331

300N^ šG3R =;A2þ L3G\"X8?\"/ G3D/K A AB £µ¡šÉ¸6.8 ǦŠ­¦oµŠ…°ŠÂ¤Š„³¡¦»œ(A) Ã¡¨·, (B) Á¤—Ž¼ µ š¤É¸ µ : Barnes,et al. (2001) 6.2.1 „µ¦‹ÎµÂœ„®¤ª—®¤n¼ (classification) Å¢¨¤´ Ŝ—µÁ¦¸¥ Šn °°„Å—oÁžÈœ3 class ‡º° class hydrozoa class scyphozoa class anthozoa Ťn…°„¨nµªÄœš¸Éœ¸ÁÊ œºÉ°Š‹µ„˜´ªÁ˜È¤ª´¥Å¤n¤¸­£µ¡ÁžÈ œ ¡¨Š„r˜°œ 6.2.1.1 ‡¨µ­Å±Ã—¦Žª´ (class hydrozoa) ˜ª´ Á˜È¤ª¥´ …°Š­˜´ ªrĜ‡¨µ­œ¸ ʤ¸šŠ´Ê —ε¦Š¸ª·˜ÁžÈœÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œÂ¨³Á„µ³„´ šÉ¸ ¤¸µŠ­ž¸¸­r—ε¦Š¸ª·˜ÁžÈœÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œÁŒ¡µ³˜ª´ °°n œ­¤µ·„­nªœÄ®n°µ«¥´ Ĝš³Á¨ ¨³¤¸µŠ­ž¸¸­r Ĝª’´ ‹„´ ¦¸ª·˜¤¸¦¼ž¦nµŠ2 ‡º° Ã¡¨·ž ¨³ÂÁ¤—Ž¼ µ˜ª´ °¥µn Š…°ŠÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œÄœ‡¨µ­œ¸ Ê Å—o„n¤Š„¦³¡¦»œœÎµÊ ‹º—µŠœ·—ŎâÜ¢°¦µð¸Á¨¸¥¤Š„¦³¡¦»œÅ¢(Physalia physalis) ¨³Â¤Š„¦³¡¦»œ…œµ—Á¨È„š»„œ·—šÉ¸¤¸Áª¨¨¤´ (velum) £µ¡šÉ¸6.9)˜ª´ °n°œ…°Š­˜´ ªrĜ‡¨µ­œ¸¤Ê ¸2 ž¦³Á£š‡º°¡¨µœ¨¼ µ (planula larva) ¤¸¦¼ž¦nµŠ¦¸¤¸Ž¸Á¨¸¥Ã—¥¦°¨³¦³¥³˜ª´ °°n œÂÂ°„˜œ· ¨¼ nµ (actinula larva) ¤¸ž¨µ¥—oµœ®œŠÉ¹ ¤œ­ªn œ°¸„—oµœ‹³¤¸°ª¥´ ª³‡¨oµ¥Â…œ¥Éºœ¥µª°°„¤µ®¨µ¥°œ´ A1þ <L?K<5=J;\"/-N D?S L331 123

300^NšG3R =;A2þ L3G\"X8?\"/ G3DK/A £µ¡š¸É6.9 ¨„´ ¬–³Â¤Š„¦³¡¦»œÅ±Ã—¦Žª´ . š¤¸É µ : Brusca and Brusca (1990) 6.2.1.2 ‡¨µ­ÅŽÃ¢Žª´ (class scyphozoa) ­¤µ·„Äœ‡¨µ­œ¸°Ê µ«¥´ Ĝš³Á¨šŠ´Ê ®¤—­nªœÄ®n—ε¦Š¸ª·˜ÂÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œ ¤„´ Á¦¸¥„­¤µ·„Äœ‡¨µ­œ¸ªÊ nµ¤Š„³¡¦»œ£µ¡š¸É6.10) Ĝª’´ ‹„´ ¦¸ª·˜ ¤¸šŠ´Ê ¦¼ž¦nµŠÂÃ¡¨·Â¨³ Á¤—Ž¼ µ ¦³¥³š¸É¤¸¦¼ž¦nµŠÂÃ¡¨·‹³¤¸…œµ—Á¨È„ÁžÈœÁŒ¡µ³˜ª´ °°n œÁšnµœœ´Ê ˜ª´ Á˜¤È ª¥´ ¤¸¦¼ž¦nµŠ‡¨oµ¥ „¦³—·ÉŠÁ¦¸¥„ªnµÁ¤—Ž¼ µŤn¤¸Áª¨¨¤´ žµ„®¦º°¤µœ¼Á¦¸¥¤ (manubrium) ‹³Â¥„ÁžÈœÂŒ„ ‹Îµœªœ 4- 8 Œ„˜¨n ³ÂŒ„Á¦¸¥„ªµn °°¦´¨°µ¦r¤ (oral arm) šÎµ®œoµšÉ¸‹´ °µ®µ¦Á…oµžµ„ÁšœšµÁ‡¨· ¤¸…œµ— Á¨È„Ä®nŤnÁšnµ„´œ¨³ÄœµŠ­ž¸¸­rŤn¤¸ÁšœšµÁ‡·¨ ­¤µ·„…°ŠÅŽÃ¢Žª´ ­nªœÄ®n¨Îµ˜ª´ ‹³¤¸­¸ …µª…n»œ˜n‹³Ä­„ªnµ­nªœšÉ¸ÁžÈœÃ„Âœ—(gonad) ÁšœšµÁ‡·¨¨³n°ŠÁ¦Á—¸¥¨ ĜµŠ­ž¸¸­r°°¦´¨ °µ¦r¤Â¨³­nªœšÉ¸ÁžÈœÁ¤—Ž¼ µ­µ¤µ¦™Á¦º°ŠÂ­ŠÅ—o ÁœÉº°Š‹µ„¤¸­µ¦¢°­¢°¦´­Ŏ⎪´ ­nªœÄ®nÁžÈœ ­´˜ªrÂ¥„Á¡«(dioecious) ¨³¤¸„µ¦­º¡´œ›r»Â°µ«´¥Á¡«ÅŽÃ„˜šÉ¸Å—o Á‹¦·ÁžÈ œ˜´ª°n°œ ¦³¥³¡¨µœ¨¼ nµ (planula) ªnµ¥œÎµÊ °¥¦n¼ ³¥³®œ¹ÉŠ¨oª‹¤˜ª´ ¨ŠÁ„µ³„´ ¡ºœÊ Á¦¸¥„˜ª´ °n°œš¸É¤¸¦¼ž¦nµŠÁžÈœ ᨷ¦³¥³œ¸ªÊ nµŎ¢· ­Ã˜¤µ (scyphistoma) ˜ª´ °°n œ¦³¥³œ¸¤Ê ¸„µ¦„·œ°µ®µ¦Â¨³¤¸„µ¦­º¡œ´ ›r»ÂÅ¤n °µ«¥´ Á¡« ×¥„µ¦Â˜„®œn°®¨µ¥‡¦´ŠÊ ŗoÁ¤—Ž¼ µš¸É¥Š´ Á˜·Ã˜Å¤nÁ˜È¤šÉ¸¤µ„¤µ¥ °¥n¼Žo°œ„œ´ ÁžÈœœ´Ê Á¦¸¥„ªnµ¦³¥³­Ã˜¦·¨µ (strobila) Á¤ºÉ°Â„n˜ª´ Á˜È¤šÉ¸Á¤—Ž¼ µÂ˜¨n ³°œ´ „È‹³®¨—» °°„‹µ„„œ´ ªnµ¥œÎµÊ °¥nµŠ °·­¦³ Á¦¸¥„Á¤—Ž¼ µšÉ¸¤¸°µ¥œ» o°¥ Ç œ¸ªÊ nµ °¸Å¢¦µ (ephyra) Ž¹ÉŠ‹³Á‹¦·Á˜·Ã˜ÁžÈœÁ¤—Ž¼ µ˜ª´ Á˜È¤ª¥´ ˜°n Ş —Š´ £µ¡ªŠ‹¦¸ª˜· …°ŠÂ¤Š„¦³¡¦»œ (£µ¡šÉ¸6.11) 124 A1þ <L?K<5=J;\"/N-D?S L331

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300N^ šG3R =;A2þ L3G\"X8?\"/ G3DK/A £µ¡š¸É6.11 ­—ŠªŠ‹¦¸ª·˜…°ŠÂ¤Š„¦³¡¦»œ šÉ¸¤µ : Brusca and Brusca (1990 ) 6.3 phylum ctenophora ­˜´ ªrĜި¤´ œ¸¡Ê Äœš³Á¨šŠ´Ê ®¤—¤¸ºÉ°­¤µ·„‡°º ®ª¸ªoœ» (comb jellies) ¤¸¨„´ ¬–³‡¨oµ¥ ¤Š„¦³¡¦»œ¤µ„ÁœºÉ°Š‹µ„˜ª´ ÁžÈœªoœ» Ä­ Ç¡¤µ„˜µ¤µ¥ ´ÉŠš³Á¨š„» ®nŠ×¥ÁŒ¡µ³š³Á¨ÄœÁ…˜ ¦o°œÂ¨³Á…˜°°nœ» ®¦º°°µ‹¡˜µ¤š³Á¨¨¹„ ­¤µ·„­nªœÄ®n—ε¦Š¸ª·˜ÁžÈœÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œ¤¸Á¡¸¥Š œo°¥œ·—šÉ¸‡º‡¨µœ˜µ¤¡ºœÊ š³Á¨­nªœÄ®n¤¸¦¼ž¦nµŠš¦Š„¨¤®¦º°¦¼žÅ…n¨Îµ˜ª´ ž¦³„°—oª¥Â™ª…œ ¨„´ ¬–³‡¨oµ¥®ª¸8 ™ªÁ¦¸¥Š˜µ¤‡ªµ¤¥µª¨Îµ˜ª´ ‡ªµ¤¥µª…°ŠÂœª…œž¦³¤µ–4 Ĝ5 …°Š ‡ªµ¤¥µª¨Îµ˜ª´ ¤¸®œoµš¸ÉÁ„ɸ¥ª„´ „µ¦Á‡¨ºÉ°œšÉ¸ ®ª¸ªoœ» ž¦³„°—oª¥Áœº°Ê Á¥Éº°3 œ´Ê Ž´ Žo°œ„ªµn Å¢¨¤´ Ŝ—µÁ¦¸¥Ťn¤¸œ¸¤µÃ˜Ž¸­˜rš¸ÉÁšœšµÁ‡·¨ ˜n¤¸ÁŽ¨¨rš¸É­µ¤µ¦™­¦oµŠ­µ¦Á®œ¸¥ª Ç °°„¤µ‹´Á®¥ºÉ°Å—oÁ¦¸¥„ªnµ ‡°¨Ã¨¨µ­˜r(colloblast) šµŠÁ—·œ°µ®µ¦ž¦³„°—oª¥žµ„‡°®°¥ÁžÈœš°n ¥µª¤¸„¦³Á¡µ³°¥n­¼ ªn œ„¨µŠ¨³…´ ™nµ¥…°ŠÁ­¸¥ °°„šµŠšªµ¦®œ„´ ÁžÈœ­˜´ ªršÉ¸„·œ­˜´ ªr°ºÉœÁžÈœ°µ®µ¦ Áœn Á—¸¥ª„´ ¤Š„¦³¡¦»œ‹´ Á®¥ºÉ°Ã—¥„µ¦Äo ÁšœšµÁ‡·¨®ª¸ªoœ» Á„º°š»„œ·—­µ¤µ¦™Á¦º°ŠÂ­ŠÅ—oĜÁª¨µ„¨µŠ‡ºœ­¤µ·„…°Š®ª¸ªoœ» šŠ´Ê ®¤—ÁžÈœ ­˜´ ªr2 Á¡«Ĝ—(gonad) „εÁœ·—‹µ„Áœº°Ê Á¥ºÉ°œ´Ê ĜšÉ¸˜Š´Ê °¥nš¼ ¸ÉŸœŠ´ …°Šn°ŠÂ„­Ã˜¦ªµ­‡·ª¨µ¦r 126 Aþ1<L?<K 5=J;\"/-N D?S L331

300^N šG3R=;Aþ2L3G\"X8?\"/G3D/K A ˜n¨³…oµŠ Ç ¨³2 °œ´ °œ´ ®œÉ¹ŠÁžÈœ¦´ŠÅ…n°¸„°œ´ ÁžÈœÁš­š·­ (testisŅn¨³­Áž·¦r¤™¼„ž¨n°¥°°„¤µ £µ¥œ°„šµŠžµ„„µ¦ž’·­œ›·Á„·—…¹œÊ Ĝš³Á¨Á¤Éº°Å…n™„¼ Ÿ­¤Â¨oª‹³Á‹¦·ÁžÈœ˜ª´ °n°œš¸Éªnµ¥œÎµÊ ŗo Á¦¸¥„ªnµ ˜´ª°n°œÅŽ—·ž¡·— (cydippid larva) £µ¡šÉ¸6.12) ¨´„¬–³£µ¥œ°„‡¨oµ¥˜´ªÁ˜È¤ª´¥ ‹µ„œœ´Ê ‹³¡•´ œµÁžÈœ˜ª´ Á˜¤È ª¥´ ×¥˜¦Š £µ¡šÉ¸6.12 cydippid larva š¸É¤µ : Hyman (1940) 6.3.1 „µ¦‹ÎµÂœ„®¤ª—®¤n¼ (classification) ®ª¸ªoœ» nŠ°°„Å—oÁžÈœ2 class ˜µ¤¦³…°ŠHarbison and Madin (1983 °oµŠ ×¥Brusca and Brusca,1990) ŗo„n 6.3.1.1 class tentaculate ÁžÈœ®ª¸ªoœ» š¸É¤¸ÁšœšµÁ‡·¨ (tentacleŗo„nEuchlora, Ctenoplana 6.3.1.2 class atentaculata ÁžÈœ®ª¸ªoœ» š¸ÉŤ¤n ¸ÁšœšµÁ‡¨· ŗo„nNeis, Beroe £µ¡š¸É6.13) A1þ <L?K<5=J;\"/N-D?S L331 127

300N^ šG3R =;Aþ2L3G\"X8?\"/G3DK/A £µ¡šÉ¸6.13 ®ª¸ªoœ»  Beroe sp.) š¸É¤µ : Mianzan (1999 ) 6.4 phylum platyhelminthes ­˜´ ªrĜި¤´ œ¸‹Ê —´ ÁžÈœÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œ´Éª‡¦µªŗo„n ®œ°œ˜ª´ œÁnœmarine flatworm ÁžÈœ­´˜ªršÉ¸¤¸ª·ª•´ œµ„µ¦ÁžÈœ­˜´ ªr´œÊ ­¼Š¤¸µŠ­ž¸¸­rš¸É¤¸¦³¥³ª´¥°n°œ—ε¦Š¸ª·˜ÂÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œ Á¦¸¥„ªµn ¤¨´ Á¨°¦r(muller larva) £µ¡šÉ¸6.14) ˜ª´ °n°œ¤¸¨„´ ¬–³‡¨oµ¥Â…œ¥ºÉœ¥µª°°„¤µ8 °œ´ ¤¸ ŽÁ· ¨¸¥¦°Â…œÂ¨³¦°˜ª´ ¤„´ ¡ÁžÈœÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œªn ŠšÉ¸¤¸„µ¦Áž¨¸É¥œÃ±­˜r (host) £µ¡šÉ¸6.14 muller larva š¸É¤µ : Mianzan (1999 ) 128 Aþ1<L?K<5=J;\"/-N D?S L331

300N^šG3R=;Aþ2L3G\"X8?\"/G3D/K A 6.5 phylum nemertinea  ­´˜ªrĜި´¤œ¸¤Ê ¸ºÉ°Á¦¸¥„š´ÉªÅžªnµ ®œ°œ¦··œÊ  ˜ª´ °n°œ…°Š®œ°œ¦··œÊ ‹´—ÁžÈœ ¡¨Š„r˜°œÉ´ª‡¦µªÁ¦¸¥„ªnµpilidium larva £µ¡š¸É6.15) ˜´ªÁ˜È¤ª´¥…°ŠÅ¢¨´¤œ¸°Ê µ«¥´ °¥n¼˜µ¤ µ¥ ´ÉŠš³Á¨˜µ¤¦·Áª–Ž°„®œ· Ĝ„¨n¤» ­µ®¦nµ¥­nªœÄ®n¤¸­¸‡¨ÎµÊ ˜n µŠœ—· °µ‹¤¸­¸­—Ä­˜ª´ °n°œ¤¸¨´„¬–³‡¨oµ¥®¤ª„¥°—®¨¤š¸É¤¸ÂŸnœž·—®¼ 2 ĝž¨µ¥œ­»—¤¸…œÁžÈœ„¦³‹»„ Á¦¸¥„ªnµ apical sense organ Ÿœn ž·—žµ„‡º°oral lobes (Hyman, 1959 °oµŠÃ—¥¨—´ —µ, 2543) £µ¡šÉ¸6.15 Pilidium larva šÉ¸¤µ : Shirota (1966) 6.6 phylum rotifera 昷Á¢°¦r‹—´ ÁžÈœÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œ­˜´ ªrš¸É¤¸‡ªµ¤­Îµ‡´ ¤µ„Äœ—oµœ„µ¦ž¦³¤ŠÁœºÉ°Š‹µ„¤¸ …œµ—Á¨„È ¨³¤¸‡–» ‡µn šµŠ°µ®µ¦Ä„¨oÁ‡¸¥Š„´ ¦³¥³ª¥´ °°n œ…°ŠÃ‡¡¸¡°—ŽŠ¹É ÁžÈœÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œ­˜´ ªrš¸É Á®¤µ³­¤­Îµ®¦´ÁžÈœ°µ®µ¦…°Š¨„¼ ž¨µ¨³­˜´ ªrŤ¤n ¸„¦³—„¼ ­œ´ ®¨Š´ œ·—°Éºœ ÇŽŠ¹É Ĝž´‹‹» œ´ ªŠ„µ¦ Á¨¸¥Ê Š­´˜ªrÁ«¦¬“„·‹œ·¥¤Äo 昷Á¢°¦rœÎµÊ „¦n°¥ (Brachionus plicatilis) Ĝ„µ¦°œ»µ¨¨¼„„o»Šš³Á¨ ¨³¨„¼ ž¨µš³Á¨µŠœ·— ¨³Äœ…–³œ¸ÅÊ —o¤¸„µ¦œÎµÃ¦˜·Á¢°¦rœÎµÊ ‹º—µŠœ·— ¤µÁžÈœ°µ®µ¦°œ» µ¨ ¨„¼ ž¨µœÎµÊ ‹º—Á«¦¬“„·‹¤µ„…œ¹ Ê  昷Á¢°¦r¤¸¨„´ ¬–³¦¼ž¦nµŠ£µ¥œ°„ £µ¡šÉ¸6.16) ¡Á®ÈœÅ—o®¨µ¥¦¼žÂÁnœ  Á¦¸¥ª¥µª™Š» ®¦º°Âš¦Š„¦³°„¦nµŠ„µ¥ÂnŠ°°„ÁžÈœ3 ­nªœ‡º°­nªœ®ª´ (head) ¤¸…œµ— ­œ´Ê ­nªœ¨Îµ˜ª´ (tunk) ÁžÈœ­ªn œš¸É¤¸¡ºœÊ šÉ¸¤µ„šÉ¸­—» ¨³Á®ÈœÁ—œn —´ šÉ¸­—» ­nªœÁšoµ (terminal foot) ÁžÈœ ­nªœšÉ¸°¥n¼šoµ¥­»—­nªœœ¸™Ê oµÁžÈœ˜´ª°¥nµŠš¸É—°Š„´¢°¦r¤µ¨¸œÁžÈœÁª¨µœµœ‹³¤°ŠÅ¤nÁ®Èœ¨Îµ˜´ª A1þ <L?K<5=J;\"/-N D?S L331 129

300^N šG3R=;Aþ2L3G\"X8?\"/ G3DK/A ×¥š´ÉªÅž‹³ž„‡¨»¤—oª¥ÂŸnœ‡n°œ…oµŠÄ­Á¦¸¥„ªnµ¨°¦·„µ (lorica) µŠœ·—¤¸¨ª—¨µ¥­ª¥Šµ¤ ­µ¤µ¦™ÄoĜ„µ¦‹—´ ‹ÎµÂœ„ ­nªœ®œoµ…°Š¦nµŠ„µ¥ž„‡¨¤» —oª¥ªŠ…œš¸ÉÁ¦¸¥„ªnµÇ朵(corona) Ž¹ÉŠÁžÈœ¨„´ ¬–³Á—nœ…°ŠÃ¦˜·Á¢°¦rĜ˜¨n ³‡¨µ­ÁÉº°„œ´ ªnµÃ¦˜·Á¢°¦rœ·—Ä—¤¸„µ¦¡•´ œµœo°¥ªŠ…œ Ç朵‹³¤¸…œµ—Ä®n¨³˜ÎµÂ®œŠn ‹³Á¥º°Ê Š˜É娊¤µ—oµœ¨µn Š…°Š¦nµŠ„µ¥ Á¦¸¥„˜ÎµÂ®œŠn …°ŠªŠ…œ šÉ¸Á¥º°Ê Š˜Îɵ¨Š¤µœ¸ªÊ nµªŠžµ„ (buccal field) 昷Á¢°¦r×¥šÉ´ªÅžªŠžµ„Áž¨É¸¥œÁžÈœÃ‡Ã¦œµÁ¤ºÉ°Ã˜ Á˜È¤šÉ¸ ­Îµ®¦´n°ŠªnµŠÄœ¦nµŠ„µ¥‹³¦¦‹»…°ŠÁ®¨ª‡¨oµ¥ Ç „´…°ŠÁ®¨ªš¸É¡Äœ„¨n»¤°³¤¸µ ¦·Áª–œ¸‹Ê ³ÁžÈœšÉ¸˜Š´Ê …°Š°ª¥´ ª³£µ¥Äœ˜µn Š Ç×¥ÁŒ¡µ³°ª¥´ ª³£µ¥Äœ…°Š¦³šµŠÁ—·œ°µ®µ¦Ž¹ÉŠ ¡Å—oÁ—œn —´ ¤µ„ 6.6.1 ¦³šµŠÁ—·œ°µ®µ¦ ‡¨oµ¥„´ ¦³šµŠÁ—·œ°µ®µ¦…°Š­˜´ ªrœÎµÊ œ´Ê ­Š¼ °Éºœ ÇšŠ´Ê œ¸‹Ê ³ ž¦³„°—oª¥ 1) žµ„ (mouth) ¤¸˜ÎµÂ®œnŠ°¥n¼…oµŠ¨nµŠ…°ŠÃ‡Ã¦œµ®œoµš¸É‡º°ÁžÈœ¦·Áª–¦„š¸É ‡°¥—„´ ‹´ °µ®µ¦Á¡Éº°­Šn Á…oµ­¦n¼ ³šµŠÁ—œ· °µ®µ¦£µ¥Äœ˜°n Ş 2) šn°žµ„ (buccal tube) ¡Å—oĜ昷Á¢°¦rµŠœ·—Ášnµœœ´Ê 昷Á¢°¦rœ·—šÉ¸° „·œÁœº°Ê ‹³Å¤¡n š°n žµ„šn°žµ„¤¸¨„´ ¬–³„¨¤­œ´Ê £µ¥Äœš°n ¤¸…œ‡°¥šÎµ®œoµš¸É݄¡—´ Ÿ¨„´ —´œÄ®o °µ®µ¦Å®¨Ÿµn œÁ…oµÅžÅ—o 3) ®¨°—‡° (phaynx) Ĝ昷Á¢°¦rš¸ÉŤn¤¸šn°žµ„®¨°—‡°°µ‹ÁÉº°¤˜°n „´ ­nªœ¨µn Š …°Šžµ„×¥˜¦Š £µ¥Äœ®¨°—‡°¡ªnµ¤¸°ª´¥ª³‡¨oµ¥‡¸¤šÎµ®œoµš¸É—Œ¸„°µ®µ¦Á¦¸¥„ªnµ¢´œ— (mastax) 4) ®¨°—°µ®µ¦(esophagus) ÁžÈœ®¨°—šÉ¸ÁºÉ°¤„´ ®¨°—‡°¨„´ ¬–³ÁžÈœ®¨°— ­œ´Ê Ç„µ¦¥°n ¥°µ®µ¦‹³Á„·—…œ¹ Ê £µ¥Äœ­ªn œœ¸Ê Á¡¦µ³œÎµÊ ¥°n ¥‹µ„˜°n ¤œÎµÊ ¥°n ¥‹³Áž·—Á…oµ¤µ˜¦Š­ªn œœ¸ Ê 5) „¦³Á¡µ³°µ®µ¦(stomach) ÁžÈœ°ª¥´ ª³šÉ¸šÎµ®œoµšÉ¸¥°n ¥°µ®µ¦ 6) ¨ÎµÅ­o (intestine) šÎµ®œoµšÉ¸¥°n ¥Â¨³——¼ Ž¤¹ °µ®µ¦…œµ—…°Š¨ÎµÅ­o‹³­œ´Ê ¤µ„ 7) ®o°Š¦nª¤ (cloacae) ÁžÈœ­ªn œ­—» šoµ¥…°Š¨ÎµÅ­oÁžÈœšn°œÎµÊ Áº°Ê ­º¡œ´ ›r»¤µ¦¦‹ „´ šn°¨ÎµÅ­o­nªœž¨µ¥š¸ÉœÎµ„µ„°µ®µ¦…°ŠÁ­¸¥‹µ„¦³šµŠÁ—·œ°µ®µ¦Á¡ºÉ°¦°„µ¦…´ ™nµ¥š·ŠÊ °°„ œ°„¦nµŠ„µ¥šµŠšªµ¦®œ„´ 8) šªµ¦®œ„´ (anus) ÁžÈœ¦¼Áž·—š¸É¤¸˜ÎµÂ®œnŠ°¥—n¼ oµœœĄ¨o„´ ­ªn œšoµ¥…°Š¨Îµ˜ª´  šÎµ®œoµš¸ÉÁžÈœšµŠ°°„…°ŠœÎµÊ Áº°Ê ­º¡œ´ ›r»Â¨³…°ŠÁ­¸¥šÉ¸‹³…´ °°„œ°„¦nµŠ„µ¥ 130 A1þ <L?<K 5=J;\"/-N D?S L331

300N^ šG3R=;A2þ L3G\"X8?\"/ G3DK/A 6.6.2 °µ®µ¦…°ŠÃ¦˜Á· ¢°¦r ŗo„n ަ؎ª´ ­µ®¦nµ¥­·ÉŠÁœnµÁžÉº°¥‡š¸Á¦¸¥¨³Ã¦˜Á· ¢°¦r —oª¥„œ´ æ˜Á· ¢°¦r¤¸°ª¥´ ª³šÉ¸Á¦¸¥„ªnµpotonephridia ‹Îµœªœ1 ‡n¼ šÎµ®œoµš¸ž¦´­¤—¨» œÎµÊ „µ¦®µ¥Ä‹ šÎµÅ—o×¥„µ¦Â¨„Áž¨¸É¥œ„pµŽ¦·Áª–¨Îµ˜ª´ „µ¦‹´ °µ®µ¦…°ŠÃ¦˜Á· ¢°¦ršÎµÅ—o×¥„µ¦„¦°Š £µ¡šÉ¸6.16 ¦¼ž¦nµŠ¨„´ ¬–³…°ŠÃ¦˜Á· ¢°¦r­„¨» Brachionus š¸É¤µ : Barnes (1968 ) Aþ1<L?<K 5=J;\"/-N DS?L331 131

300^N šG3R=;A2þ L3G\"X8?\"/G3D/K A 6.6.3 „µ¦­º¡œ´ ›r» 昷Á¢°¦r ­µ¤µ¦™­º¡œ´ ›r»Å—ošŠ´Ê °µ«¥´ Á¡« ¨³ÂÅ¤°n µ«¥´ Á¡« 昷Á¢°¦rÁ¡«Ÿo¼¤¸…œµ—¨Îµ˜ª´ ­œ´Ê „ªµn 昷Á¢°¦rÁ¡«Á¤¸¥1–10 Ášµn ˜ª´ ˜Ãn ‡¦Š¦nµŠ‹³‡¨oµ¥„œ´ ˜‹n ³¤¸ °œ´ ”³ (testis) „µ¦­º¡œ´ ›r»ÂÅ¤n°µ«¥´ Á¡«‹³¡ÁžÈœž¦³‹Îµ ×¥‹³ÁžÈœ„µ¦­º¡œ´ ›r»š¸ÉÁ¦¸¥„ªnµ ¡µš¸ÃœÁ‹œ¸Ž¸­ (parthenogenesis) ץŅ‹n ³¢´„°°„¤µÁžÈœ˜ª´ Á¤¸¥Ášµn œœ´Ê ­Îµ®¦´„µ¦­º¡œ´ ›r»Â °µ«¥´ Á¡«昷Á¢°¦r‹³­¦oµŠÅ…n¤·„˜·„ (mictic egg) Ž¹ÉŠÅ…nœ·—œ¸‹Ê ³¤¸Áž¨º°„µŠŅn¤·„˜·„ ™oµÅ¤nŗo ¦´„µ¦Ÿ­¤‹µ„Áº°Ê ˜ª´ Ÿo¼‹³¢´„ÁžÈœ˜ª´ ץŤn˜o°Š°µ«¥´ Á¡«„¨µ¥ÁžÈœÃ¦˜·Á¢°¦rÁ¡«Ÿo¼ ™oµÅ…nœ·—œ¸ Ê Å—o¦´„µ¦Ÿ­¤¡œ´ ›r»‹³„¨µ¥ÁžÈœÅ…¦n ³¥³¢´„˜ª´ (resting egg) Ž¹ÉŠÁžÈœÅ…šn ¸É¤¸„µ¦­³­¤°µ®µ¦¤¸„µ¦ ­¦oµŠÁž¨º°„š¸É…Ȋ¦Š¡¦o°¤šÉ¸‹³šœ°¥nļ œ­£µ¡Âª—¨o°¤šÉ¸Å¤nÁ®¤µ³­¤ÁžÈœÁª¨µœµœ®¨µ¥Á—º°œ Á¤ºÉ°¢´„°°„¤µ„È‹³Å—o昷Á¢°¦rÁ¡«Á¤¸¥˜°n Ş Ĝ­£µª³ž„˜·Ã¦˜Á· ¢°¦r‹³­º¡´œ›r»ÂÅ¤n°µ«¥´ Á¡« šŠ´Ê œ¸ÁÊ¡ºÉ°‹³Å—oæ˜Á· ¢°¦rÁžÈœ‹Îµœªœ¤µ„Äœ¦³¥³Áª¨µ­œ´Ê „µ¦­º¡œ´ ›r»Â°µ«¥´ Á¡«¤„´ Á„·—Äœ£µª³ šÉ¸Á­¸¥­¤—»¨¥r昷Á¢°¦r‹³Ÿ¨·˜¨¼„Å—oœo°¥„ªnµªŠ‹¦¸ª·˜…°ŠÃ¦˜·Á¢°¦r‹³¤¸¸ª·˜°¥nž¼ ¦³¤µ–1 – 2 ­ž´ —µ®r 6.6.4 „µ¦‹ÎµÂœ„®¤ª—®¤n¼ (classification)  Å¢¨´¤Ã¦˜·Á¢°¦µÂnŠ°°„ÁžÈœ 3 class (Brusca and Brusca, 1990, Meglitsch and Schram, 1991 °oµŠÃ—¥¨—´ —µ, 2543) —Š´ œ¸ Ê 6.6.4.1 class seisonidea ÁžÈœž¦­·˜Á„µ³°¥n¼ œÁ®Šº°„…°Š‡¦´­˜µÁ¸¥œš³Á¨Ťn ¤¸­£µ¡ÁžÈœÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œŤ…n °œÎµ¤µ„¨µn ªÄœšÁ¦¸¥œœ¸ Ê 6.6.4.2 class monogononta ÁžÈœÃ¦˜·Á¢°¦ršÉ¸¤¸­£µ¡ÁžÈœÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œÂ¨³ÁœÃ›­ Ç朵Á‹¦·—¸¤„´ ¡ÄœœÎµÊ „¦n°¥ ˜ª´ °¥µn ŠÁœn Brachionus sp.£µ¡š¸É6.16) Keratella sp. 6.6.4.3 class digononta (edelloideaÁžÈœÃ¦˜·Á¢°¦ršÉ¸ªnµ¥œÎµÊ ®¦º°‡º‡¨µœœ ¡ºœÊ —oµœœ…°Š¨Îµ˜ª´ ¥º—®—Å—o—¸Ç朵ž¦³„°—oª¥2 trochal dise ®¦º°¡•´ œµ¦¼žÂ°°„Åž¤¸ œª· Ê Ášoµ¤µ„„ªµn 2 œª· Ê ˜ª´ °¥µn ŠÁœn Philodina sp. £µ¡š¸É6.17) 132 Aþ1<L?<K 5=J;\"/-N D?S L331

300^NšG3R=;A2þ L3G\"X8?\"/G3D/K A £µ¡šÉ¸6.17 ¦¼ž¦nµŠ¨„´ ¬–³…°ŠÃ¦˜Á· ¢°¦r­„¨» Philodina šÉ¸¤µ : Hyman (1951) 6.7 phylum chaetognatha ­˜´ ªrĜި¤´ œ¸ÁÊ ¦¸¥„šª´É ުnµ®œ°œ›œ¼ ÁœºÉ°Š‹µ„¤¸¦¼ž¦nµŠ‡¨oµ¥¨„¼ ›œ¼ £µ¡š¸É6.18 )¡ °µ«¥´ °¥nļ œš³Á¨šŠ´Ê ®¤—­nªœÄ®n—ε¦Š¸ª·˜ÁžÈœÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œ˜¨°—¸¡ ÁžÈœÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œš¸É„·œ­˜´ ªr °ÉºœÁžÈœ°µ®µ¦°µ®µ¦®¨„´ ŗo„nÇ¡¸¡°—ÁžÈœÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œ­˜´ ªrš¸É‡°n œ…oµŠ—¦» oµ¥µŠ‡¦´ŠÊ ‹¹ŠÁ¦¸¥„ Á­º°š³Á¨(sea tiger) ­nªœÄ®n¨Îµ˜ª´ ‹³Ä­¤¸µŠ­ž¸¸­r¡Äœš³Á¨¨¹„‹³¤¸­¸Â—ŠÁ¦Éº° ǘª´ °n°œ¤¸ ¦¼ž¦nµŠ‡¨oµ¥˜ª´ Á˜È¤ª¥´ ¤µ„Á¡¸¥ŠÂ˜¤n ¸…œµ—Á¨È„„ªµn ‡º°ž¦³¤µ–200 – 300 Ť‡¦°œ­ªn œ˜ª´ Á˜¤È ª¥´ ×¥šªÉ´ Ş‹³¤¸…œµ—ŤÁn „·œ100 ¤·¨¨·Á¤˜¦˜ª´ °¥µn ŠÁœn Sagitta enflata ÁžÈœ®œ°œ›œš¼ ɸ¡°n ¥ Ĝš³Á¨Á…˜¦o°œ­ªn œÄ®n‹³¤¸…œµ—5-10 ¤¨· ¨·Á¤˜¦ A1þ <L?K<5=J;\"/-N D?S L331 133

300N^ šG3R =;Aþ2L3G\"X8?\"/ G3D/K A £µ¡š¸É6.18 ¦¼ž¦nµŠ…°Š®œ°œ›œ¼ šÉ¸¤µ : Pecheink (2005) ×¥šª´É Ş®œ°œ›œ¼¤¸¦¼ž¦nµŠ¥µª¨³¤¸­¤¤µ˜¦Â„ɹŠ¦´«¤¸¨Îµ˜ª´ ž„‡¨¤» —oª¥‡·ª˜·Á‡·¨ (cuticle) Šn ¨Îµ˜ª´ °°„ÁžÈœ3 ­nªœ‡º°®ª´ ¨Îµ˜ª´ ¨³®µŠ ­nªœ®ª´ ‡°n œ…oµŠ¤œž¨µ¥®ª´ ¤„´ ¤¸¢´œ Ą¨ožµ„¤¸žµ„°¥—n¼ oµœ¨nµŠ…°Š®ª´ ˜—· ˜°n „´šµŠÁ—·œ°µ®µ¦¤¸Á…¸¥Ê ª‡¨oµ¥˜³…°š¸Éž¦³„°—oª¥­µ¦ Ҙ·œ°¥nš¼ Š´Ê 2 …oµŠ…°Š®ª´ šµŠ—oµœ®œoµčoĜ„µ¦‹´°µ®µ¦¤¸¦³ž¦³­µššÉ¸Á‹¦·¤¸˜µ2 ˜µ°¥n¼ œ­ªn œ®ª´ ¨Îµ˜ª´ ÁžÈœ­nªœš¸É¥µªšÉ¸­—» œ´ ‹µ„‡°‹œ™¹Ššªµ¦®œ„´ ÁžÈœšÉ¸˜Š´Ê …°ŠšµŠÁ—·œ°µ®µ¦¦´ŠÅ…n 2 °œ´ ¨³š°n œÎµÅ…n 2 šn°°¥…n¼ oµŠ¨Îµ˜ª´ ­nªœÄ®n¤¸‡¦¸°¥…n¼ oµŠ¨Îµ˜ª´ 2 ‡n¼ ˜ÎµÂ®œŠn ¨³‹Îµœªœ‡…n¼ °Š ‡¦¸ÄoÁžÈœ¨„´ ¬–³Äœ„µ¦˜¦ª‹­°®µÉº°ª·š¥µ«µ­˜¦r®œ°œ›œÁ¼ ‡¨Éº°œš¸É¨³ªnµ¥œÎµÊ ×¥°µ«¥´ „¨oµ¤Áœº°Ê ˜µ¤¥µªÂ¨³‡¦¸ÁžÈœ˜ª´ ªn ¥Ťn¤¸¦³®¤»œÁª¸¥œÁ¨º°—¨³¦³…´ ™nµ¥…°ŠÁ­¸¥šÉ¸ÁžÈœ …°ŠÁ®¨ª …°ŠÁ­¸¥š„» °¥µn Š‹³™„¼ …´ °°„šµŠšªµ¦®œ„´ ­ªn œ®µŠœ´ ‹µ„šªµ¦®œ„´ ‹œ™¹Šž¨µ¥®µŠ ÁžÈœšÉ¸°¥n…¼ °Š‡¦¸®µŠ¦¼ž¦nµŠ…°Š‡¦¸®µŠ¤¸¨„´ ¬–³¤œ®¦º°ž¨µ¥˜—´ …œ¹ Ê °¥n„¼ ´ ­ž¸¸­r®œ°œ›œÁ¼ žÈœ ­˜´ ªršÉ¸¤¸2 Á¡«Äœ˜ª´ Á—¸¥ª„œ´ ­ªn œÄ®n‹³¤¸„µ¦Ÿ­¤£µ¥Äœ˜ª´ ˜¤n ¸µŠ­ž¸¸­rŸ­¤¡œ´ ›r»…oµ¤˜ª´ 6.7.1 „µ¦‹ÎµÂœ„®¤ª—®¤n¼ (classification) ®œ°œ›œÁ¼ žÈœÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œ„¨n¤» Á¨È„ Ç ¡ÁŒ¡µ³Äœš³Á¨Ášnµœœ´Ê Šn °°„Å—oÁ¡¸¥Š1 ‡¨µ­‡°º 6.7.1.1 class sagittoidea ŽŠÉ¹ Šn °°„Å—o—Š´ œ¸ Ê order aphragmophora family amiskwia ¤¸1 ­„¨» ŽŠÉ¹ ­¼ ¡œ´ ›r»ÅžÂ¨oª¨—´ —µ, 2543) family sagittidea ÁžÈ œ„¨n»¤šÉ¸ ¥´Š°µ«´¥°¥n¼Äœž´ ‹‹»´œŽÉ¹Š¤¸ ž¦³¤µ–100 œ—· ˜ª´ °¥µn ŠÅ—o„n Sagitta £µ¡šÉ¸6.19 A.) 134 Aþ1<L?<K 5=J;\"/-N DS?L331

300N^šG3R=;A2þ L3G\"X8?\"/ G3DK/A £µ¡šÉ¸6.19 ¨„´ ¬–³…°Š®œ°œ›œ¼ A) Sagitta —oµœšo°Š, B) Spadella —oµœ®¨Š´ šÉ¸¤µ : Hyman 1951) 6.8 phylum annelida ­˜´ ªrĜި¤´ œ¸ÁÊ žÈœ®œ°œ˜ª´ „¨¤¡ª„šÉ¸¡Äœš³Á¨¤„´ Á¦¸¥„ªnµÅ­oÁ—º°œš³Á¨¨Îµ˜ª´ ¥µª ‡¨oµ¥ªŠÂ®ªœÁ¦¸¥Š˜°n „œ´ šÎµÄ®o¨Îµ˜ª´ Šn °°„ÁžÈœž¨o°Š°n ŠªnµŠ„¨µŠ¨Îµ˜ª´ Á‹¦·—¸¤¸¦¥µŠ‡rŠn °°„ÁžÈœž¨o°Š ÇÁ¦¸¥„ªnµŸnœ…µ®¦º°¡µ¦µÃ¡Á—¸¥(parapodia) ¥Éºœ°°„‹µ„­°Š…oµŠ…°Šš»„ Ç ž¨o°Š˜ª´ ­nªœ®ª´ ¤¸°ª¥´ ª³¦´‡ªµ¤¦o¼­¹„ŗo„nÁš·œšµÁ‡·¨Â¨³°ª¥´ ª³¦´Â­Š¦³šµŠÁ—·œ°µ®µ¦ Á‹¦·—¸ž¨µ¥­—» …°Š¨Îµ˜ª´ ¤¸šªµ¦®œ„´ ­˜´ ªrĜި¤´ œ¸¡Ê šŠ´Ê œ„¨³ÄœœÎµÊ ¤¸šŠ´Ê —ε¦Š¸ª·˜ ÁžÈœÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œ™µª¦Â¨³Â¡¨Š„r˜°œªÉ´ ‡¦µª˜ª´ °¥nµŠÅ—o„n ˜ª´ °°n œ¦³¥³Ãš¦Ã‡¢°¦r (trochophore larva)£µ¡š¸É6.20) ץŅnš¸Éŗo¦´„µ¦Ÿ­¤Â¨oª‹³Á‹¦·ÁžÈœ˜ª´ °n°œÃš¦Ã‡¢°¦r ¤¸¦¼ž¦nµŠ¦¸ ǘ¦Š „ɹŠ„¨µŠžn °ŠÁ¨È„œo°¥¤¸…œµ—ž¦³¤µ–200 - 500 Ť‡¦°œ¤¸šµŠÁ—·œ°µ®µ¦ÁžÈœ¦¼žÃ‡oŠÁ¦·É¤‹µ„ žµ„‡°®°¥„¦³Á¡µ³¨ÎµÅ­o¨³šªµ¦®œ„´ ¤¸Â™ª…°ŠŽ·Á¨¸¥¦°¨Îµ˜ª´ ˜¦Š­ªn œšÉ¸„ªoµŠšÉ¸­—» A1þ <L?<K 5=J;\"/-N DS?L331 135

300N^ šG3R =;Aþ2L3G\"X8?\"/G3DK/A ڦÇ¢°¦r…°ŠÅ­oÁ—º°œÂ˜n¨³­ž¸¸­r°µ‹¤¸¦¼ž¦nµŠÂ˜„˜nµŠ„´œ Á¤Éº°Á˜·Ã˜…¹œÊ ¦¼ž¦nµŠ‹³ Áž¨¸É¥œÂž¨ŠÅž­nªœ…°Š¨Îµ˜ª´ ‡¦¹ÉŠ¨nµŠ‹³¥º—¥µª°°„¨³ÂŠn °°„ÁžÈœž¨o°Š˜¨n ³ž¨o°Š¤„´ ¤¸…œ …Ȋ Ç š´ŠÊ ­°Š…oµŠ…°Š¨Îµ˜ª´ Á¦¸¥„¦³¥³œ¸ªÊ nµ ˜ª´ °n°œÃ¡¨¸‡¸˜ (polychate larva) ­˜´ ªrĜި¤´ œ¸šÊ ¸É —ε¦Š¸ª·˜ÁžÈœÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œ ŗo„n ‡¨µ­Ã¡¨·‡¸˜µ(class polychaeta) ­¤µ·„Äœ‡¨µ­œ¸­Ê nªœÄ®n °µ«¥´ °¥n¼ ¦·Áª–¡ºœÊ œÎµÊ Ĝš³Á¨¨³ÄœœÎµÊ „¦n°¥¤¸œo°¥œ·—šÉ¸¡ÄœœÎµÊ ‹º— ‹Š¹ ‹—´ ÁžÈœ¡ª„ÁœÃ›­¤¸ Á¡¸¥ŠÅ¤n„¸Éœ·—šÉ¸—ε¦Š¸ª·˜ÁžÈœÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œ™µª¦¨³Â¡¨Š„r˜°œª´É ‡¦µª¤¸¨„´ ¬–³Á—œn ‡º°¤¸Â™ …œ¤µ„¤µ¥š¸Éž¨µ¥…°ŠÂŸnœ…µš¸É¥ºÉœ°°„¤µšŠ´Ê ­°Š…oµŠ…°Š¨Îµ˜ª´ Ÿnœ…µœ¸‹Ê ³ÁžÈœÁœº°Ê œÉ·¤˜ª´ °°n œ Á¦¸¥„ªµn ڦÇ¢°¦r¨³Á¦¸¥„­˜´ ªrĜ‡¨µ­œ¸ªÊ µn Å­oÁ—°º œš³Á¨ÁžÈœ­˜´ ªrÂ¥„Á¡« 6.8.1 „µ¦‹ÎµÂœ„®¤ª—®¤n¼ classification) Å¢¨¤´ °œÁœ¨—· µš¸É„¨µn ª™¹Š¤¸Á¡¸¥Š 2 class ‡°º 6.8.1.1 class polychaeta Ž¹ÉŠ˜µ¤„µ¦‹—´ ®¤ª—®¤¼…°ŠBrusca and Brusca 1990) ŗo‹ÎµÂœ„ÁžÈœ3 order ‡º° order phyllodocity family syllidae ŗo„n Syllid polychate order sabellida family sabellaridae ŗo„n Larva of sabellariid order spionida family spionidae ŗo„n Larva of spionid £µ¡š¸É6.21) 6.8.1.2 class oligochaeta order tubificida family nidadae ŗo„n Stylaria 136 Aþ1<L?<K 5=J;\"/-N D?S L331

300^NšG3R =;Aþ2L3G\"X8?\"/ G3D/K A £µ¡šÉ¸6.20 ˜ª´ °°n œÃš¦Ã‡¢°¦r šÉ¸¤µ : Sherman and Sherman (1976) £µ¡š¸É6.21 spionid larva š¸É¤µ : Barnes, et al. (1990) 6.9 phylum arthropoda Å¢¨´¤°µ¦rڦޗµš¸ÉœÎµ¤µ«¹„¬µÄœšœ¸ Ê Å—o„n „¨n»¤‡¦´­Á˜Á¸¥œ­nªœ®œÉ¹ŠÁžÈœ„¨n»¤ ­·ÉŠ¤¸¸ª·˜šÉ¸¤¸­£µ¡ÁžÈœÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œ‡¦´­Á˜Á¸¥œÁžÈœ­´˜ªrŤn¤¸„¦³—¼„­´œ®¨´ŠšÉ¸°µ«´¥°¥n¼ÄœœÎµÊ  ­¤µ·„…°Š­˜´ ªrĜ‡¨µ­œ¸¤Ê ¸‹Îµœªœ¤µ„¤µ¥¤®µ«µ¨„µ¦Â¡¦n„¦³‹µ¥¤¸šŠ´Ê š¸É°¥Än¼ œœÎµÊ ‹º—œÎµÊ „¦n°¥ ¨³œÎµÊ Á‡È¤­Îµ®¦´œ·—š¸Éčo¸ª·˜ÁžÈœÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œ ¤¸šŠ´Ê š¸ÉÁžÈœÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œªÉ´ ‡¦µªÄœ¦³¥³Ä—¦³¥³ A1þ <L?<K 5=J;\"/-N DS?L331 137

300N^ šG3R =;Aþ2L3G\"X8?\"/G3D/K A ®œÉ¹Š…°Š„µ¦¡•´ œµ„µ¦®¦º°Äo¸ª·˜ÁžÈœÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œ°¥nµŠÂšo‹¦·Š˜¨°—¸¡ ĜÁœº°Ê ®µª·µœ¸‹Ê ³…° „¨nµª™¹ŠÁŒ¡µ³­¤µ·„Äœ‡¨µ­‡¦´­Á˜Á¸¥ (class crustacea) Ášnµœœ´Ê ­¤µ·„Äœ‡¨µ­œ¸¤Ê ¸ž¦³¤µ– 75,000 œ·— (Meglitsc and Schram, 1991 °oµŠÃ—¥ ¨—´ —µ, 2543) ­nªœÄ®nčo¸ª·˜ÁžÈœÂ¡¨Š„r˜°œ ˜ª´ °¥µn ŠÁœn ˜ª´ °°n œ…°Š„oŠ» ž¼ ®¦º°˜ª´ Á˜¤È ª¥´ …°ŠÅ¦œÎµÊ 6.9.1 „µ¦‹ÎµÂœ„®¤ª—®¤n¼ (classification) „µ¦‹ÎµÂœ„®¤ª—®¤n…¼ °Š‡¦´­˜µÁ¸¥œcrustaceans¤¸®¨µ¥¦³Á°„­µ¦Á¨¤n œ¸ Ê ‹³‹ÎµÂœ„‡¦´­˜µÁ¸¥œ˜µ¤®¨´„…°Š¨´——µ (2543) ‹Îµœªœ5 subclass ¨³3 superorder —Š´ ˜°n Şœ¸ Ê subclass branchiopoda subclass ostracoda subclass copepoda subclass cirripedia subclass malacostraca superorder hoplocarida superorder peracarida superorder eucarida 6.9.1.1 subclass branchiopoda ÁžÈœ‡¦´­˜µÁ¸¥œ …œµ—Á¨È„ ­nªœÄ®n°µ«¥´ °¥n¼ÄœœÎµÊ ‹º— ˜ª´ °¥nµŠÅ—o„n ŦœÎµÊ œµŠ¢oµ(fairy shrimp) ÁžÈœ„o»ŠšÉ¸¡ÄœœÎµÊ ‹º— ­nªœš¸É¡ÄœœÎµÊ Á‡È¤ŗo„nŦœÎµÊ Á‡È¤(brine shrimp) ®¦º°Å¦­¸œÎµÊ ˜µ¨(Artemia salina) £µ¡šÉ¸6.22œ°„‹µ„œ¸¥Ê Š´ ¤¸Â¡¨Š„r˜°œ„¨n»¤­Îµ‡´ ˜n°„µ¦Á¡µ³Á¨¸¥Ê Š­´˜ªrœÎµÊ ‹º— ŗo„nŦœÎµÊ ¨³Å¦Â—Š ŦœÎµÊ ‹´—°¥n¼Äœ°°Á—°¦r‡¨µÃ—ÁŽ°¦µ (order cladocera) Á¦¸¥„š´ªÉ ުnµÅ¦œÎµÊ ¡ÄœœÎµÊ ‹º—¨³œÎµÊ š³Á¨¤¸…œµ—0.2 - 3 ¤·¨¨·Á¤˜¦ ¨„´ ¬–³¨Îµ˜ª´ œ…oµŠ ¤¸­ªn œ®ª´ Â¥„°°„‹µ„­nªœ°„­ªn œ®ª´ ‹³¤¸°ª¥´ ª³¦´Â­Š2 °œ´ °œ´ Ä®nÁžÈœ˜µž¦³„° Å¤¤n ¸„oµœ˜µ °œ´ Á¨„È ÁžÈœÃ°ÁŽ¨¨­´ ŽŠÉ¹ ‹³ªµŠ°¥¦n¼ ³—´ ˜ÎµÉ „ªµn ˜µž¦³„° ŦœÎµÊ ‹º— (Moina) £µ¡šÉ¸6.23‹³Å¤¤n ¸Ã°ÁŽ¨¨­´ ˜¦Š­nªœ®ª´ ‹³¤¸Áž¨º°„®o¤» ­nªœÄ®nÁž¨º°„œ¸‹Ê ³ÁžÈœ·œÊ Á—¸¥ª„´š¸É®o»¤­nªœ°„ ˜¦Šž¨µ¥…°ŠÁž¨º°„®o»¤­nªœ®´ªœ¸‹Ê ³¥ºÉœ¥µª °°„¤µ‡¨oµ¥‹Š°¥žµ„Á¦¸¥„ªnµ¦°­˜¦´¤(rostrum) µŠœ·—­´œÊ µŠœ·—¥µª Ęo¦°­˜¦´¤¤¸ °œÁšœœ¼¨1 ‡n¼ ­nªœž¨µ¥‹³¤¸…œ°n°œ1 Á­oœšÎµ®œoµšÉ¸Äœ„µ¦¦´‡ªµ¤¦o¼­¹„—¤„¨·Éœ­nªœ®œoµ¤¸ 138 A1þ <L?K<5=J;\"/-N DS?L331

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