Writing A | Read the example. Answer the questions that follow. Tell a partner. I predict that over the next 100 years we will start to treat our planet better. We have to. There will be fewer recyclables and more reusables, like reusable packaging. I also think there will be more family and community farms and gardens and less large-scale agriculture. It’s already starting to happen. As a result, the condition of the soil will improve, and organically grown food will be more available and cheaper. Hopefully, with better eating habits and less pollution, people’s health will improve, and there will be fewer diseases, and people will live longer. I feel hopeful for the future. • What is one way the writer says people will be better to the Earth? • How does the writer say people’s health will improve? • What do you think will happen over the next 100 years? B | Write about how you think the world will change in the next 100 years. Consider the topics below. Use the information in EXPRESS YOURSELF to help you. • environment • communicating with others We will have… • education • diseases rrmoocobrkoeetstnsianttohuuarrathlgdoomisfeaussr.ttehresr.. • technology • space exploration • shopping • underwater exploration EXPRESS YOURSELF! I ptrthetehedcwehiecerennetxovlipltwivorlhoegoilraynl.amtbwt…eeiiolnlmntc.ohwraeillnsggpeeatctewheorwsea. y Iffuuewtoneupostlrrurie_mri.ee_idst_ic about the 44 UNIT 6
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Vocabulary | Preparing for outings A | Listen and repeat. take an umbrella decide on a meeting place bring a map take your sunglasses take a book fill your water bottle wear sunscreen charge your phone wear your headphones wear comfortable shoes bring bug repellent wear your hiking boots B | Look at the pictures. Choose the correct answer to complete each sentence. 1 234 Unless you like getting lost, Before you go hiking, ____. Remember to ____ Before we get together ____. a charge your phone before you go hiking. tonight, we should ____ a bring a map b decide on a meeting where we will both go. b bring bug repellent place a bring a map a charge your phone c charge your phone c fill your water bottle b decide on a meeting place b charge your phone c fill your water bottle c decide on a meeting 8 place 56 7 When you go to the When you go out for If it’s sunny outside, you If you ride the bus, ____. woods, ____ to keep lunch today, ____. should ____. a take a book insects away. a decide on a meeting a charge your phone b take an umbrella a bring bug repellent place b bring bug repellent c take your sunglasses b charge your phone b take an umbrella c take your sunglasses c bring a map c take your sunglasses 11 12 9 10 When you walk to my When you go to the beach, Remember to ____ if you If you like listening to house, ____. ____ so you don’t get a go for a long walk in the music, ____ when you ride a wear comfortable shoes sunburn. mountains. the subway. b wear your headphones c take an umbrella a wear your headphones a wear your headphones a bring a map b wear sunscreen b take a book b decide on a meeting place c take your sunglasses c wear your hiking boots c wear your headphones 46 UNIT 7
C | Listen and practice saying the I always take an sentences in B. umbrella when I D | How often do you do the things go out. in A when you go out? Tell a partner. Conversation A | Read and listen to the conversation. Daphne What are your plans for this weekend? Matt I’m going to the amusement park. Daphne That sounds crazy. Matt Why? I love going to the amusement park. Daphne Unless you’re OK with crowded places, don’t go to the amusement park on a weekend. Matt I’m not like you, Daphne. I like being in crowds. Daphne And, unless you have lots of money, don’t take a taxi to the amusement park. Matt Don’t worry. I’m taking the bus. Daphne Well, if you take the bus, take a video game and your headphones. It’s a long and noisy ride. Matt It’s OK. I like taking the bus. Daphne When you’re at the amusement park, wear sunglasses and sunscreen. Matt Daphne, if you’re free this weekend, come to the amusement park with me. Daphne Thanks, but no thanks. B | Choose the correct answers. 1 Where is Matt going? a to the amusement park b to the beach 2 Who doesn’t like being in crowds? a Matt b Daphne 3 Is Daphne going with Matt to the amusement park? a Yes, she is. b No, she isn’t. C | Practice the conversation with a partner. A DAY OUT 47
Grammar | Zero conditional with if, when, unless A | Read and listen to the grammar presentation. Zero conditional with if, when, unless When I go to the beach, I take I take sunscreen when I go to If and when can be used the same way. sunscreen. the beach. They are interchangeable. When/If you go to the beach, take sunscreen. If you take the bus, take a book Take a book with you if you take Unless is used instead of if / not. with you. the bus. I can’t drive unless I have my glasses. ( I can’t drive if I don’t have my glasses.) Unless you’re OK with Don’t go to the amusement park crowded places, don’t go to the on a weekend unless you’re OK amusement park on a weekend. with crowded places. B | Choose the correct word to complete the sentences. 1 If / Unless you go to the beach, take your sunglasses with you. 2 Marco plans to play baseball if / unless it rains. 3 When / Unless the plane ride is really short, take a book or a magazine with you. 4 I usually wear comfortable shoes when / unless I go hiking. 5 If / Unless you go to an amusement park with your friends, decide on a meeting place. It will be very crowded. 6 You should always take a map of the place you’re visiting when / unless you know the place very well. C | Look at the conversation on page 47. Underline all the zero conditional clauses. D | Make up sentences of your own. Tell a partner. Your partner will ask follow-up questions. 1 When _________________________________ Unless I’m tired, I never I always ______________________________. drink coffee. 2 If ___________________________________, I usually ______________________________. 3 Unless _______________________________, I never _______________________________. 48 UNIT 7
Reading A | Read and listen. Twelve simple rules to live by 1. If you love someone, tell them. You’ll be glad you did. 2. Unless you have savings, don’t spend your paycheck before you get it. 3. When you make a mess, clean it up. 4. If there is nothing you can do to change a problem, then don’t worry about it. 5. If you are going on a long flight, take one hard book and one easy one. Start with the hard one. 6. When you have free time, exercise. Your body will thank you. 7. If you don’t want to get wet, always take an umbrella with you. 8. When you’re bored, read a book. 9. When you’re with friends in a crowded place, always decide on a meeting place. 10. When you are lonely, call a friend. They are always happy to hear from you. 11. If you are stressed, stop and take some time for yourself. 12. If something makes you happy, do it. We should all try to live by these rules. They help us to be happier people in our everyday lives. B | Read the sentences. Choose the correct answers. 1 You shouldn’t spend your paycheck unless you have savings / another one. 2 If you are going on long flight, you should take two books / music. 3 When you have free time, you should exercise / watch TV. 4 You should always decide on a meeting place / sweater. 5 When you are lonely, you should call a friend / go out to dinner. Listening A | Listen. Write the number of the conversation next to the correct picture. a ___ b ___ c ___ d ___ B | Listen again. Choose the correct information to complete the sentences. 1 William tells Stella not to have breakfast / lunch tomorrow. He might have trouble finding a meeting place / a parking spot at the International Food Fair. 2 Gina wants Audrey to bring a jacket / hat and sunscreen on the boat. Gina is taking an umbrella / a map. 3 Sanjay is bringing his brother / camera to the ball game. He wants Tim to bring the tickets / a magazine. 4 Meredith is getting ready for a marathon / bike race. She asks Jack to bring a bottle of water / a snack. A DAY OUT 49
Speaking A | Choose one of the topics. Use the information below and in the Speaking Video on the United companion site to help you prepare your answers. Talk about what you bring with you OR Your friend may or may not come visit on outings. you today. What do you need to be ready for? EXPRESS YOURSELF! When I go hiking, I wear We always bring food, of comfortable shoes and carry course, when we go on a walking stick. And I bring picnics. And unless the water and snacks if it’s going weather forecast says it’s going to be really hot, I bring to be a long hike. a sweater, just in case. If my friend comes over today, When my friend comes to I need to have food ready. visit, he usually likes to play She’s usually hungry when games with my friends, so she arrives. And unless she I need to be ready for that wants to do something else, unless he decides he wants we’ll probably listen to and play music. to do something else. B | Talk about your topic with a partner. Ask your partner questions to get more information. Do you bring anything What does she like What else might your else? to eat? friend want to do? 50 UNIT 7
Writing A | Read the example. Answer the questions that follow. Tell a partner. If you are going to the beach, always remember to… take a bottle of water or two. wear sandals that can get wet. bring a blanket and towel. have sunscreen with you and put it on! wear sunglasses and a hat. bring along snacks for when you get hungry. • Why do you think the writer says to bring water? • What else does the writer say you should bring? • What other “rules” do you think there should be for going to the beach? B | Give advice for one of the situations below. Write your “rules” for the experience. Use the information below to help you. • Traveling with family • Babysitting • Hosting a party • Going on a roller coaster • Going ice-skating • Hiking in the woods EXPRESS YOURSELF! mgauasnmicaetvsoigtlaoistptileoannyd.toe.vice. Wear ___ clothes. warm dressy comfortable Put on… a hat. lbipubgarlemp.ellent. A DAY OUT 51
UNIT MY PLANS MIGHT 8 CHANGE UNIT Vocabulary Listening Conditions that affect outcomes and choices People talking about weekend plans and GOALS what might change Conversation Talking about weekend plans Speaking Talking about weekend plans and what might Grammar change First conditional with may, might, could, will probably Writing Writing about what you will do tomorrow Reading Don’t let it get you down 52 UNIT 2
Vocabulary | Conditions that affect outcomes and choices A | Listen and repeat. be late for work miss the train closed for repairs miss too many classes finish my assignment for school the internet is down finish my chores at home the weather is awful finish my errands the weather is nice B | Look at the pictures. Choose the correct answer to complete each sentence. 1 23 If the weather is ____, we’ll probably I may be late for work if the road is If the internet is ____, you could go running in the park. ____. read a book. a awful a done a down b down b not working b done c closed c closed for repairs c closed d nice d open for business d repaired 4 56 We could see a movie tonight if I ____ If you ____, you might not graduate He will probably be in trouble if he’s this afternoon. at the end of the year. ____ one more time. a finish my errands a miss the train a closed for repairs b am late to work b are late to work b late for work c miss the train c miss too many classes c missing the train d miss too many classes d go to school every day d finishing his work MY PLANS MIGHT CHANGE 53
7 8 9 10 If I ____ early, I’ll help you We could stay inside and If you ____, another one We might go out to eat if with yours. play a board game if the will probably come in a we ____ soon. a close my computer weather is ____. few minutes. a finish our chores b wake up b miss too many classes c miss too many classes a nice a miss the train c are late for work d finish my assignment d are closed for repairs b out b are late to work c down c finish your work d awful d wake up late C | Listen and say the sentences in B. If the internet is down, D | W hat do you do if the internet is down? Tell a partner. I can’t watch videos on my phone. I read a Conversation book instead. A | Read and listen to the conversation. Alexa What are your plans for this weekend? Carla If the weather is nice, I’ll probably go hiking at the river tomorrow with my brother. Alexa That sounds fun. Carla If you’re free, you could go hiking with us. Alexa Thanks, but I have a lot of homework and a lot of chores at home. Oh, Carla, look. There’s Nicolas. He’s so cute. Nicolas walks up to Alexa and Carla. Nicolas Hey, you two! If I finish my assignment for school tonight, I’ll probably go to a movie tomorrow. Would you like to go? Carla Well, if I call… Alexa …Nicolas, Carla already has plans with her brother. Carla And, Alexa, you have homework and chores. Alexa Don’t be silly, Carla! Nicolas, if you and I work together on your assignment tonight, we could go to a movie tomorrow. B | Choose the correct answers. 1 Who will Carla go hiking with? a Alexa b her brother c Nicolas 2 What will Nicolas do tonight? a finish homework b go to a movie c clean his room 3 What will Alexa do tonight? a help Nicolas b do chores at home c talk to Carla C | Practice the conversation with a partner. 54 UNIT 8
Grammar | First conditional with may, might, could, will probably A | Read and listen to the grammar presentation. First conditional with may, might, could, will probably may, might, could = possibility will probably = strong possibility If the weather is nice, I may go for a drive along the beach. If she misses too many classes, she might not graduate at the end of the semester. If I finish my errands, I could go to the movies with my friends. If the internet is down at the coffee shop, I’ll probably go to the library. B | Match the two halves of the sentences. a we’ll probably stay home and watch movies. b it might be difficult to find parking. 1 ___ If it rains, c if they go to the party. 2 ___ You might not pass the test d I may go to the park with my dog. 3 ___ If we take the car, e if you don’t study. 4 ___ They could meet interesting people f she might have to move to Hong Kong. 5 ___ If the weather is nice this weekend, 6 ___ If she takes the job, C | Look at the conversation on page 54. Underline all the examples of the first conditional. D | Make up sentences of your own using the first conditional. Tell a partner. 1 If it rains tomorrow, If it rains tomorrow, I ________________________________________. might wear my new 2 If I don’t study for my English test, ________________________________________. raincoat. 3 If I finish all my chores at home, ________________________________________. 4 If I’m late for class/work, ________________________________________. 5 If I’m free this weekend, ________________________________________. MY PLANS MIGHT CHANGE 55
Reading A | Read and listen. Don’t let it get you down Most people have experienced feeling bad on a cold, rainy day. The weather probably can’t completely change your mood. If you are feeling happy and upbeat, then a rainy, windy day won’t get you down, but if you are already feeling bad, then rain, cold, and wind will likely make you feel worse. One study showed that most people are not affected by the weather. However, many people are affected by sunlight. The study found that people who see less sunlight often feel more tired. So, in the winter months when you feel more tired, it is probably because the days are shorter and you aren’t seeing enough sun. One way that people try to feel less tired in the winter is by using a sunlight lamp. This fake sunlight tricks the brain into thinking it is getting the real thing. Another study showed that cold weather or extreme weather like hurricanes or tornadoes can make people kinder. In bad weather, people can feel closer to each other and want to help each other more. So, the next time the winter weather is getting you down, try a sunlight lamp, or try volunteering to help people out. Both things might make you feel better. B | Read the sentences. Write T (true) or F (false). 1 ____ Studies show that most people aren’t affected by weather that much. 2 ____ The weather can completely change your mood. 3 ____ People are affected by sunlight. 4 ____ In the winter, you are more tired because it is cold. 5 ____ Extreme weather can make people kinder. Listening A | Listen. Write the number of the conversation next to the correct picture. a ___ b ___ c ___ d ___ B | Listen again. Match the condition with the outcome. Condition Outcome 1 ____ if it’s windy on the weekend a study on Saturday 2 ____ if the weather is calm b go hiking 3 ____ if I don’t finish assignment on Friday c go shopping 4 ____ if the coffee shop is closed d go to library 5 ____ if it snows e catch a flight 6 ____ if it doesn’t snow f go snowboarding 7 ____ if I don’t have to work g paint the bedroom 8 ____ if I have to work h go windsurfing 56 UNIT 8
Speaking A | Choose one of the topics. Use the information below and in the Speaking Video on the United companion site to help you prepare your answers. Talk about your plans for the weekend. What OR Talk about a friend or family member’s plans condition or situation might change your for the weekend. What condition or situation plans? What could you do instead? might change their plans? What could they do instead? EXPRESS YOURSELF! If it’s hot on the weekend, I If my friend is free on Saturday, might go to the beach. If it isn’t we might go ice-skating. If he hot, I’ll probably stay home and isn’t free, I might ask another do some chores. friend to go with me. If my friend Jon’s boss calls, If it rains on the weekend, my he might have to work on the sister is not going on the hiking weekend. If she doesn’t call, he’s going to go out with members trip. Instead, she’ll visit our grandparents. of his soccer team. B | Talk about your topic with a partner. Ask your partner questions to get more information. Who will you ask if Will you go too if Where do your your friend’s not free? he doesn’t have to grandparents live? work? MY PLANS MIGHT CHANGE 57
Writing A | Read the example. Answer the questions that follow. Tell a partner. If there’s a bad storm tomorrow morning, I will probably leave my house later than usual to avoid the traffic. If my friend has an extra ticket to a show, I might leave work early to go. If I have a surprise visitor, I could suggest we go to a restaurant because my kitchen is a mess. • What are the conditions that might change the writer’s plans? • How might her plans change tomorrow? • What is something in your near future that you’ve been thinking about doing? B | Write about what you will do tomorrow. Choose three prompts below and write about how they may change your plans. Use the information in EXPRESS YOURSELF to help you. • there is a bad storm when you go to work • the bus is late • you don’t feel well • you forget your lunch at home • your friend has an extra ticket to a show • your dinner plans are canceled • you have a surprise visitor • the internet is down at home EXPRESS YOURSELF! I mlgeraeeaytav/etdmowiagwohorbtkro…koeklaa. rtley.. I could… gosorhudotsweoermhhaiyims/pn/ihezheziegarrhs..baorro’usnadndtown. I wbsmiltrlaainpkyrgoeibandanbibunelnmyde…b.rr. ella. 58 UNIT 8
PROGRESS CHECK | UNITS 5–8 Vocabulary A | Match two groups of letters to make the correct words. Then complete the sentences. cha comfo ding enirs ing la lic ma mis pic pub rch rge rtable sed souv spen spr te tures Hi Sandy, Hello from Kyoto! We’re 1___s_p_e_n_d_i_n_g____ a week here during our 2______________ break from school. We flew to Tokyo first and took a train to Kyoto. Actually, we 3______________ the first train because we got to the station a few minutes 4______________. Luckily, 5______________ transportation is very good here, and there are several trains going to Kyoto every day. 6______________ is definitely the best month to come here. You can see cherry blossoms all over the city. I’m taking a lot of 7______________, so I have to remember to 8______________ my phone every night. I’m glad we brought 9______________ shoes because we’re walking a lot every day. We bought some really great 10______________ today. I can’t wait to show you! See you soon! Richard B | Check your answers with a partner. Grammar A | Choose the correct words to complete the conversation. Mark Hey, Louise. Do you want to go see that new movie The Lost Island next week? Louise I’d really love to, Mark, but I 1 not going / won’t be here. 2 I’ll / I’m going be on vacation in Florida. Mark Oh, really? That sounds like fun. What are you 3 go / going to do there? Louise I don’t know. I 4 might / probably stay in my hotel every day. Mark What? Why? Louise I just looked at the weather forecast. It’s 5 going to / may be cold and rainy there next week. Mark Well, that’s a week in the future. The weather forecast 6 could / will be change between now and then. Louise That’s true. It 7 going to / might be even worse! Mark Can you change your dates? Louise No. 8 If / Unless I cancel my hotel, they 9 couldn’t / won’t give me my money back. No refunds. Mark Well, if it’s cold in Florida next week, you 10 could / going to go see The Lost Island while you’re there! Louise Gee, thanks. B | Listen and check your answers. Then practice the conversation with a partner. PROGRESS CHECK UNITS 5–8 59
PROGRESS CHECK | UNITS 5–8 Language in Use A | Read the sentences and look at the pictures. Match each picture with two of the sentences. Write the letters. 1 ___ Will students continue to go to school in the 5 ___ I’m going to spend a week in Paris. future? 6 ___ I think most students will stay home and take 2 ___ If you want, you could take the train. It’s online classes. faster. 7 ___ If the weather is nice, we might go hiking this 3 ___ If I take the bus, I’ll probably be late for work. weekend. 4 ___ When I go hiking, I always bring bug 8 ___ What are you going to do on vacation? repellent with me. ab cd B | Choose one of the photos. Write a conversation with a partner. Role-play your conversation. Check Your Progress A | How well do you know these things? Rate yourself. Circle one, two, or three stars. Unit Vocabulary Grammar Future with be going to: statements and questions 5 Months of the year | Seasons Future with will for predictions Vacation activities Zero conditional with if, when, unless First conditional with may, might, could, will probably 6 Environment 7 Preparing for outings 8 Conditions that affect outcomes and choices B | Go back to Units 5–8 and review any language that you need more help with. 60 PROGRESS CHECK UNITS 5–8
UNIT 9 TECHNOLOGY UNIT Vocabulary Listening Gadgets People comparing their new gadget with an GOALS Describing gadgets older version Conversation Speaking Trying to impress someone with a new gadget Talking about replacing an older item with a new one Grammar Comparative adjectives with -er Writing Comparative adjectives with more Writing about how your life changed because of technology Reading Technology: Good or bad? 61
Vocabulary | Gadgets A | Listen and repeat. fitness tracker smartphone smart speaker smartwatch laptop tablet camera video game system portable speakers wireless earbuds B | Look at the pictures. Choose the correct answer to complete each sentence. 1 234 My ____ is lighter than my Her ____ is newer than That ____ sounds better Her ____ are lighter than laptop. mine. than my TV. headphones. a laptop a smartwatch a video game system b smartwatch b portable speaker b portable speaker a speakers c tablet c smartphone c fitness tracker b video game systems d video game system d laptop d wireless earbuds c cameras d wireless earbuds 5 6 7 His ____ is smaller than a smartphone. My ___ was less expensive than a His ____ is much heavier than mine. computer. a camera a fitness tracker b portable speaker b laptop a tablet c smartphone c camera b camera d tablet d smart speaker c portable speaker d smartwatch 10 81 9 Their ____ is older than ours. I listen to the news on my __ every day. His ____ was cheaper than mine. a video game system a laptop a fitness tracker b portable speaker b smart speaker b smartphone c smart speaker c wireless earbuds c laptop d smartphone d video game system d smart speaker C | Listen and practice saying the sentences in B. 62 UNIT 9
Describing gadgets 4 5 D | Listen and repeat. cheap expensive heavy light powerful E | Choose the correct word to complete the sentences. 1 23 Her tablet is very light / My cell phone is light His new camera These portable speakers That old computer is is cheap / light / powerful / cheap. The / powerful / heavy. expensive. This one were heavy / powerful so expensive / heavy cost over $1,000! apps work a lot faster I can hold it up easily / cheap. I only spent / powerful. I like my than on my tablet. for a long time. $20 on them. laptop. It’s so light! F | Listen and practice saying the sentences in E. My phone is heavy. G | What gadgets do you have? Take turns describing them with a partner. Conversation A | Read and listen to the conversation. Todd I love these new laptops. Jen They’re powerful. But my laptop is more powerful. Todd Jen, don’t be silly. Your laptop isn’t more powerful than this new one. Jen Whatever. Todd Look at my smartphone, Jen. It’s newer than yours. Jen So what? Todd It’s more powerful than yours… just like the new laptops here are more powerful than yours, too. Jen Ha! Your phone is heavier than mine. Todd No, it isn’t. It’s lighter and faster than yours. Jen Mine has a great camera, Todd. Todd Mine does, too. And my camera takes better pictures than yours. Jen You’re crazy. Todd And your phone was more expensive than mine. Jen Wait. Is that really your new smartphone? Todd Yes, it is. Jen Todd… yours isn’t lighter or faster or cheaper than mine. Todd Sure it is. What do you mean? Jen Look! We have the same phone! B | Read the sentences. Write T (true) or F (false). 1 ___ Todd and Jen are looking at laptops in the store. 2 ___ Jen’s smartphone doesn’t have a good camera. 3 ___ Jen’s smartphone is faster than Todd’s. 4 ___ Todd and Jen don’t have different smartphones. C | Practice the conversation with a partner. TECHNOLOGY 63
Grammar | Comparative adjectives with -er Spelling changes when adding -er A | Read and listen to the grammar presentation. Base Comparative Comparative adjectives with -er -e nice nicer His smartphone is lighter than mine. It’s smaller, too. Short vowel + big bigger My tablet is bigger than his. It’s heavier, too. one consonant The new laptop is cheaper at the other store. I think the design of the new camera is better than the older model. -y heavy heavier The quality of my new phone’s functions is worse than my old phone. Irregular good better bad worse B | Complete the sentences. Use the comparative form of the adjective in parentheses. 1 My new fitness tracker is __________________ (small) and __________________ (light) than my old one. 2 The voice on Karen’s smart speaker is __________________ (friendly) than the one on my smart speaker. 3 You should buy these headphones. They’re __________________ (cheap) than wireless earbuds. 4 Connor’s new camera takes __________________ (good) pictures than my camera. 5 The screen of my new TV is much __________________ (wide) than my old TV screen. 6 The quality of the picture on this tablet is __________________ (bad) than that one. Comparative adjectives with more C | Read and listen to the grammar presentation. Comparative adjectives with more Comparative adjectives These speakers are more powerful than the speakers in the other store, with more but they’re more expensive, too. For most adjectives with two or more syllables (except where The video games these days are more interesting than the ones in the past. the second syllable is -y), use more + adjective. Technology makes our lives more convenient. D | Complete the sentences. Use the comparative form of the adjective in parentheses. 1 I think computer games are ____________________________ (exciting) than video games. 2 Smart TVs are ____________________________ (expensive) than regular TVs. 3 These speakers are ____________________________ (powerful) than the ones I bought a few years ago. 4 Computers these days are _________________________ (advanced) than the ones I used when I was a kid. 5 A smartwatch is ____________________________ (convenient) than a phone because you just wear it everywhere you go. E | Look at the conversation on page 63. Underline all the comparative adjectives. F | Compare different items you see in your class. Use the These books comparative forms of the adjectives below. are heavier than heavy small light cheap that tablet. interesting big useful expensive 64 UNIT 9
Reading A | Read and listen. Technology: Good or bad? Technology is everywhere. It makes our lives easier in many ways. Smartphones let us stay in touch with online friends as easily as with local friends. However, technology can also be a problem. Some people are concerned that technology can make it harder to connect. April We made some changes to the technology rules in our home recently. When everyone comes home, they have to leave their phones by the front door. The kids aren’t allowed to use them until after homework and dinner. My husband and I try to stick to that too. We have a sit-down dinner every night with no television. We talk about our day. This has helped our family feel more connected. Kai I had a problem with the internet. I spent more time online chatting with people, looking at websites, and reading stories than I did with my family and friends. I couldn’t stay off of social networking sites at work. I finally went to see a doctor about it. Now, I limit my internet use to an hour a day. I get out of the house more often, and I don’t go online at work for personal things. It’s working really well for me. I barely miss the internet. B | Read the sentences. Write T (True) or F (False). When we have meetings at work, we all put our 1 ___ Technology is everywhere. smartphones in a basket. 2 ___ Smartphones keep us from staying in touch with people. 3 ___ April’s family can’t use their phones until after dinner. 4 ___ April’s family eats dinner in front of the television. 5 ___ Kai had a problem with the internet. 6 ___ Now Kai only uses the internet at work. C | What do you do when you want to take a break from technology? Tell a partner. Listening A | Listen. Write the number of the conversation next to the correct picture. a __ b __ c __ d __ B | Listen again. Who said it? Write the number of the person next to the sentence. 1 ____ I think he likes it a little too much. 5 ____ It’s easier to use. 2 ____ I have mixed opinions. 6 ____ Newer isn’t always better. 3 ____ But it’s worth the money. 7 ____ I’m going to have a talk with him about it. 4 ____ I don’t think it’s very user-friendly. 8 ____ Of course, it isn’t cheap. TECHNOLOGY 65
Speaking A | Choose one of the topics. Use the information below and in the Speaking Video on the United companion site to help you prepare your answers. Think about a new device you Talk about a new device you want. recently bought. Compare it to OR Explain why you want it. Talk about the one you had before. its pros and cons. EXPRESS YOURSELF! I just bought a new cell phone. Recently, I bought a new gaming It was more expensive than my system. The graphics are way last phone, but it takes clearer better than my old system, and it pictures, and it’s faster. has more game options. The GPS I have now doesn’t I want a smart TV so I can enjoy update regularly. There are newer music and movie apps on it. The only problem is that I will have to ones that update every day. pay for wifi in my home for those However, I read that the battery on the newer ones dies quickly. features to work. B | Talk about your topic with a partner. Ask your partner questions to get more information. How much does/did Why do you need a You don’t have wifi it cost? GPS device? now? 66 UNIT 9
Writing A | Read the example. Answer the questions that follow. Tell a partner. I am so thrilled with our new smart TV. One cool thing is we can save films from movie apps to watch later. That way, when we have time to sit down and watch a movie, we can go directly to either of our list of films that we already decided we want to watch. And when we want to go back to a TV series we're in the middle of watching, it always knows where we are, so we can just pick right back up where we left off. I love our new TV! • • What is one feature of the smart TV the writer likes? • • Why does the writer like that feature? • • What is one feature of a device you have that you really like? Why? B | Write about a new device. How have its features made using it easier? Use the information in EXPRESS YOURSELF to help you. EXPRESS YOURSELF! I love my new… I can… laptop. tgnaeaktvIeigfgoriate. teweictituhsemtaoemsiwleyhr. esureppvoerrt. tablet. wireless speaker. Ontiehittec’c’sshobunaoasolretttgrthev-efiednrrrgyiyefoisnsetrd…xallopyyen.sgnesirv.e. TECHNOLOGY 67
UNIT 10 THE BEST SIGHTS UNIT Vocabulary Listening Tourist attractions People talking about places that are GOALS interesting to them Conversation Giving recommendations to a person visiting Speaking a different city Talking about interesting places Grammar Writing Superlative adjectives with -est Writing about why you would like to visit Superlative adjectives with the most different places Reading The most interesting places 68 UNIT 15 68
Vocabulary | Tourist attractions A | Listen and repeat. bridge national park gardens plaza historic district shopping center market sports arena monument statue B | Look at the pictures. Choose the correct word(s) to complete each sentence. 123 My sister says the prettiest ____ This is the most expensive ____ The oldest ____ we visited in Canada are in Italy. in town. was in Quebec. a historic districts a historic district a historic district b plazas b shopping center b monument c gardens c monument c statue d shopping centers d statue d bridge 4 5 6 The most famous ____ we saw on our No, I said Madrid has the flattest ____ This ____ is the tallest building in trip was The Thinker by Rodin. I know, not the fattest! Washington, D.C. a historic district a plaza a plaza b bridge b statue b monument c statue c monument c bridge d national park d national park d historic district 78 9 10 I think Bryce Canyon is the We visited the world’s largest That’s the longest ____ in Have you seen the biggest most beautiful ____. outdoor ___ in Kashgar, China. the United States. ____ in Mexico? a sports arena a sports arena a statue a statue b historic district b garden b monument b monument c shopping center c shopping center c market c bridge d garden d national park d bridge d sports arena THE BEST SIGHTS 69
C | Listen and practice saying the sentences in B. The Golden Gate Bridge is a famous bridge in San D | Talk about famous attractions you know somewhere in the world. Take turns telling a partner. Francisco, California. Conversation A | Read and listen to the conversation. Lucy Toshi, do you like my new sunglasses? Toshi They look expensive. Lucy Well, they aren’t. In fact, they’re the cheapest I found. Toshi You certainly love to shop. Hey, didn’t you go to the U.S. last year? Lucy Yes, I went to Savannah, Georgia. I had the best time there. Toshi Savannah? Lucy Yes, it’s on the coast near Florida. And it has the sunniest beaches and the most beautiful historic district. Toshi Sunny beaches are always good. Lucy It has the prettiest squares downtown. They’re like little plazas. And the oldest houses are on these squares. Toshi That sounds nice, but it’s probably the most boring thing to do on a vacation! What about restaurants? Lucy Well, the busiest street in town is along the river. Toshi Is that the most exciting place in Savannah? Lucy Of course! The most interesting shopping area in town is on River Street. Toshi Hmmm. It sounds popular with the tourists. Lucy It’s probably the most popular place with the tourists in Savannah. The biggest and most expensive hotels are there along the river, too. Toshi Lucy, why do you always like the most crowded places in a town? Lucy First look at these earrings. I bought them on River Street in Savannah. They’re the cutest you’ve ever seen, aren’t they? Toshi Of course…the cutest. Lucy Second, it’s not about the crowds or the tourists, Toshi. It’s about… Toshi Wait. I know…it’s about the shopping! B | Read the sentences. Write T (true) or F (false). 1 ___ Lucy went to the U.S. on vacation. 2 ___ Toshi likes to go to the beach. 3 ___ Toshi likes to visit a city’s historic district. 4 ___ Lucy likes to shop on vacation. C | Practice the conversation with a partner. 70 UNIT 10
Grammar | Superlative adjectives with -est A | Read and listen to the grammar presentation. Spelling changes when adding -est Superlative adjectives with -est Base Superlative The historic district is the oldest part of the city. It’s the busiest, too. The Empire State Building is one of the tallest buildings in New -e nice nicest York City. Short vowel + big biggest Lake Superior is the largest lake in the United States. one consonant I think New York City has the best pizza. San Francisco is the foggiest city in the United States. -y heavy heaviest In my opinion, Los Angeles has the worst traffic. Irregular good best bad worst B | Complete the sentences. Use the superlative form of the adjective in parentheses. 1 Seattle is _____________________ (cloudy) city in the United States. 2 I love going to the Philippines. They have ____________________ (good) beaches. 3 What is _____________________ (big) shopping mall in Hawaii? 4 There’s so much pollution here! I think it has _____________________ (bad) air quality in the country. 5 The Brooklyn Bridge in New York City is one of _____________________ (old) suspension bridges in the United States. 6 I know a website where we can find ___________________ (cheap) hotels and flights. Superlative adjectives with the most C | Read and listen to the grammar presentation. Superlative adjectives with the most Superlative adjectives The Getty Museum has the most beautiful gardens in the world. with the most The Statue of Liberty is one of the most popular tourist attractions in New York City. For most adjectives Ginza in Tokyo is one of the most famous shopping areas in Japan. with two or more Singapore is the the most expensive city to live in. syllables (except where I think San Francisco has the most delicious seafood in the United States. the second syllable is -y), use the most. D | Complete the sentences. Use the superlative form of the adjective in parentheses. 1 I think Hong Kong is __________________________ (exciting) city in Asia. 2 Hawaii has some of _________________________ (beautiful) beaches in the world. 3 Times Square in New York City is one of _______________________ (famous) tourist areas in the United States. 4 I think Miami Beach’s historic district has _________________________ (interesting) architecture in Florida. 5 I think I live in __________________________ (peaceful) neighborhood in my city. E | Look at the conversation on page 70. Underline all the superlative adjectives. F | Take turns asking and answering the questions with a partner. The best restaurant in my city is La Tavola. They make • What is the best restaurant in your city? • What is the most exciting place to visit in your country? the best pasta! • Where is the tallest building in your city? THE BEST SIGHTS 71
Reading A | Read and listen. The most interesting places The Danakil Desert in Eritrea is one of the most volatile places on the planet. This desert is one of the hottest places on Earth. In addition, the place is also full of volcanoes, which can cause the ground to shake all the time. There is a room in Minnesota in the United States that is so quiet that no one can stay in it for more than 45 minutes. It is the quietest place in the world. There is no external sound, so everything you hear comes from your own body. Companies test products in there, and NASA uses it to help astronauts get used to the silence of space. The Hartsfield-Jackson International Airport in Atlanta in the United States is the busiest airport in the world. More than 107 million passengers went through it in 2018. That is one busy airport! Barrow, Alaska is one of the coldest places on Earth. The temperature is only above freezing for a few months a year. It is also one of the darkest places on Earth. The sun sets at the end of November and doesn’t come back until the end of January. B | Read the sentences. Choose the correct location. 1 The Danakil Desert / Barrow, Alaska / Minnesota / Atlanta is one of the coldest places on Earth. 2 There is a room in the Danakil Desert / Barrow, Alaska / Minnesota / Atlanta that is the quietest place on Earth. 3 The airport in the Danakil Desert / Barrow, Alaska / Minnesota / Atlanta is the busiest in the world. 4 The Danakil Desert / Barrow, Alaska / Minnesota / Atlanta is hot and full of volcanoes. Listening A | Listen. Write the number of the conversation next to the correct picture. a ___ b ___ c ___ d ___ B | Listen again. Choose the correct answer to complete each sentence. 1 Tsukiji Fish Market is ___ seafood market in Japan. a the oldest b the biggest b after sunset 2 The market opens ___. a before the sun rises b the most beautiful b the highest 3 The Petronas Towers are ___ buildings in Kuala Lumpur. a the tallest 4 The bridge between the towers is ___ bridge in the world. a the most expensive 72 UNIT 10
Speaking A | Choose one of the topics. Use the information below and in the Speaking Video on the United companion site to help you prepare your answers. Think about the most popular tourist In your opinion, what is the best city attraction in your city or town. in the world? (It might be a place you Explain why it’s so popular. OR have visited, but it doesn’t have to be.) Why do you think it’s the best? EXPRESS YOURSELF! I think Playa Zicatela is probably The most popular tourist the most popular tourist attraction where I live in Maine is Acadia National attraction in Puerto Escondido. Park. I think it’s so popular It’s a stretch of beach where all because there’s so much to the surfers go, and there are lots do both in and around the of restaurants and shops there. park. And it’s very beautiful. In my opinion, New York City I think Melbourne might be is the best city in the world. It the best city in the world. has the best of everything — There’s so much to see and restaurants, theater, fashion. do just by walking along the And I just love walking around pedestrian “laneways.” Central Park! B | Talk about your topic with a partner. Ask your partner questions to get more information. What else is popular What all can you do So, there are no cars there? there? in the laneways? THE BEST SIGHTS 73
Writing A | Read the example. Answer the questions that follow. Tell a partner. I think going to Hawaii would be the best trip because it is the biggest island in the chain, and it has the best hiking. Hiking to a volcano would be the most exciting part of the trip. And I heard that the most delicious food is served at a traditional luau. I would like to visit Honolulu, too. I read that you can do a lot of interesting sightseeing there, like visiting a palace and going to the aquarium. • What does the writer think would be the best part of the trip? • What else does the writer want to do in Hawaii? • What is a place you would like to visit? Why? B | Choose one or two places and write an email to a friend or family member about why you would like to go there. Choose one of these locations, or one of your own: • Taj Mahal • Paris, France • Egyptian Pyramids • Mount Everest • Statue of Liberty • Antarctica • Stonehenge • Hawaiian volcanoes • Great Barrier Reef Use the information in EXPRESS YOURSELF to help you. EXPRESS YOURSELF! Iitntthreaarsensstpthoinertgba…etsiotn/. most I want to go… shopping. otsnocuatbhsaeatfdoaipvriian.gn.d look out. history. Yogtsuoaeceostanaenal…tl hgtuheiedlowecdialdltlcoifuueris.tinhee.re. 74 UNIT 10
UNIT 11 HAVE YOU EVER? UNIT Vocabulary Listening Dangerous or adventurous activities People talking about adventurous activities GOALS Speaking Conversation Talking about things you’ve done or want Discussing adventurous activities to try Writing Grammar Writing about being adventurous or not Present perfect with ever and never 75 Reading Daring work
Vocabulary | Dangerous or adventurous activities A | Listen and repeat. drive a race car go on a blind date dye your hair blue go skydiving feed a crocodile go stormchasing eat an insect ride a roller coaster give a speech sing a solo in front of people B | Look at the pictures. Choose the correct answer to complete each sentence. 1 234 Have you ever ____? He’s ____ to surprise Has he ____ in another She’s ____ with an a sung a solo in front of people. country? instructor. people a gone skydiving a gone skydiving a driven a race car b eaten an insect b dyed his hair blue b given a speech b gone skydiving c given a speech c eaten an insect c eaten an insect c given a speech 5 6 7 She has ____ at work many times. Have you ever ____? My brother has ____ many times. a gone stormchasing a ridden a roller coaster a fed a crocodile b given a speech b driven a race car b driven a race car c eaten an insect c gone stormchasing c given a speech 8 9 10 She has ____ in many countries. He’s never ____ before. If you have never ____, this one might a ridden a roller coaster a gone on a blind date scare you! b eaten an insect b ridden a roller coaster a given a speech c driven a race car c gone stormchasing b ridden a roller coaster c gone skydiving 76 UNIT 11
C | Listen and practice saying the sentences in B. D | Say a sentence about one of the activities in A. Your partner will say True or False. I eat insects all I used to drive a the time. They’re race car. delicious! True. False. Conversation A | Read and listen to the conversation. William This is a very unique restaurant. It offers chocolate-covered ants. Emma I’ve never eaten ants or any other insects. William I have. I won a plate of chocolate-covered ants last week. They were good. Emma Wow! You’re adventurous! William, have you heard about George? William George? He's certainly not adventurous. Emma Why? Hasn’t he ever eaten insects? William No, he hasn’t. Emma But he’s been skydiving, right? He won that ticket to go skydiving. William I’ve been skydiving. George gave his ticket to me. Emma Well, he’s driven a race car! He won the big writing contest, and it was the grand prize. William No, he hasn’t driven a race car. I have. He’s afraid of race cars, and he gave me his prize. Emma Well, you haven’t heard the latest news about George. William What haven’t I heard? Emma He went on a blind date last Saturday night. William Really? Wow… I just changed my mind! George is adventurous. I am afraid of blind dates. B | Choose the correct answers. 1 William / George has eaten insects. 2 William / George has been skydiving. 3 William / George is afraid of race cars. 4 William / George is afraid of blind dates. C | Practice the conversation with a partner. HAVE YOU EVER? 77
Grammar | Present perfect with ever and never A | Read and listen to the grammar presentation. Present perfect statements I haven’t eaten an insect. The present perfect is used when You have never given a speech. the time is not specific. I have eaten an insect. He hasn’t sung a solo in front of I have given a speech before. (We You have given a speech. people. don’t know when.) He has sung a solo in front of We haven’t dyed our hair blue. The simple past is used when the people. They have never gone sky diving. time is clear. We have dyed our hair blue. She hasn’t ridden a roller coaster. I gave a speech last night. (We know They have gone sky diving. I’ve never been on a blind date. exactly when.) She has ridden a roller coaster. You haven’t driven a race car. Ever is used to ask questions about I’ve been on a blind date. He has never fed a crocodile. experiences in someone’s life. You’ve driven a race car. We haven’t gone stormchasing. Have you ever given a speech? He has fed a crocodile. Never is used to talk about things you We’ve gone stormchasing. have not done at any time in your life. I’ve never given a speech. Present perfect yes/no questions and answers Have you ever eaten an insect? Yes, I have. No, I haven’t. Yes, I’ve eaten an insect. No, I’ve never eaten an insect. B | Complete the sentences with the present perfect form of the verbs in parentheses. 1 Kim _____________________________ a roller coaster. (ride) 2 Have you ever _____________________________ any strange food before? (eat) 3 Susan has never _____________________________ a speech in front of so many people. (give) 4 ______________ Mark ever ___________________ at a concert? (sing) 5 We _____________ never _____________________ across the United States. (drive) C | Look at the conversation on page 77. Underline all the examples of the present perfect. D | Complete the sentences with information about you. Tell a partner. Your partner will ask questions to get more information. 1 I’ve eaten ______________________________________ I’ve eaten black ice ______________________________________________ . cream. It’s great. 2 I’ve never been to ________________________________ Really? What ______________________________________________ . flavor was it? 3 I’ve ridden in a(n) ________________________________ ______________________________________________ . 4 I’ve never gone __________________________________ ______________________________________________ . 78 UNIT 11
Reading A | Read and listen. Daring work Most people think of jobs as things that you have to do. You spend all day in an office working. Jobs are boring, not daring and interesting. Right? Here are some jobs that are interesting, daring, and pay the bills. Skydiving instructor Have you ever wanted to go skydiving? If you do go, the skydiving instructor is the person who will jump with you the first time. They have to do a lot of training before they can teach skydiving. They do a lot to make sure that people are safe when they skydive. Alaskan fisher Have you ever wanted to spend your time out on the sea? Alaskan fishing is a dangerous job. You can make a lot of money, but you are away from home a lot. There are even television shows and movies about this daring profession. You need to be prepared to do hard work. Stormchaser Many stormchasers are scientists. They look for big storms like hurricanes and tornadoes. They get very close to dangerous storms. It is very dangerous to be a stormchaser. Storms can do anything. Some stormchasers use lots of special equipment. Stormchasers use the equipment to get and share information that helps people survive bad storms. B | Read the sentences. Write T (true) or F (false). 1 ___ Most people think that jobs are interesting. 2 ___ Skydiving instructors don’t need a lot of training. 3 ___ Being an Alaskan fisherman is dangerous. 4 ___ Stormchasers chase after dangerous storms. Listening A | Listen. Write the number of the speaker next to the correct picture. a ___ b ___ c ___ d ___ B | Listen again. Who said it? Write the number of the speaker next to the sentence. 1 ____ I’ve enjoyed the challenge. 5 ____ I’ve met some great people, too. 2 ____ It was my birthday last week. 6 ____ I like extreme sports. 3 ____ It was a fantastic experience. 7 ____ I’ve never been so nervous. 4 ____ The job pays well. 8 ____ It was so much fun. HAVE YOU EVER? 79
Speaking A | Choose one of the topics. Use the information below and in the Speaking Video on the United companion site to help you prepare your answers. Talk about an adventurous thing OR Talk about an adventurous thing you’ve you’ve done in your life. always wanted to do. EXPRESS YOURSELF! I've hiked to the bottom of the Two years ago my friend took Grand Canyon in Arizona. We me ziplining. I’m afraid of hiked all day to the bottom. We had to cross a rope bridge. The heights, but I didn’t want to tell next day we had to hike all the him. At first I was afraid, but the way back up! That’s the hardest guides were so encouraging, thing I’ve ever done! and towards the end, I actually had fun! Ever since I saw a documentary I’ve always wanted to walk about coral reefs, I’ve wanted to the Appalachian Trail. I think it go snorkeling. It looks like such would bring me closer to nature. a great way to get under water And I’m sure the challenge and experience would help me get to and see what’s there without going too deep. know myself better. B | Talk about your topic with a partner. Ask your partner questions to get more information. Were you scared on Where did you go What do you hope to the rope bridge? ziplining? see? 80 UNIT 11
Writing A | Read the example. Answer the questions that follow. Tell a partner. I have always been a little shy. I want to meet people, but it’s hard for me. My sister is different. She’s very outgoing, always talking to complete strangers wherever she goes. And she is always up for a new adventure. For example, even though she never thought about going skiing, when her school organized a ski trip, she was one of the first to sign up. I’m not spontaneous like that. • What is one way the writer says he and his sister are different? • Why was the writer’s sister one of the first to sign up for the ski trip? • How are you different from a friend or family member? B | Are you adventurous? Compare yourself with a friend or family member who is a different kind of person. Use the information in EXPRESS YOURSELF to help you. EXPRESS YOURSELF! I helafonevvjooelettydheatedehlrwextpapienlmyoeorsepe…inledag.ltnooneewb.ethainrogus.nd HMey/(sbhreo…ther) is different. ailsiklpwiehnatos onytesoc.woglaolentctotsikntagorbtaheoiknoegns. .his I’matinnaortleteo…lnaptoxeleitddictpshe. arstown.ay. HAVE YOU EVER? 81
UNIT 12 MY RÉSUMÉ UNIT Vocabulary Reading Work experience Interview don’ts GOALS Personal qualities Listening Conversation People talking about qualifications during a Discussing a job application and job interview qualifications Speaking Grammar Talking about why you are qualified for a Present perfect with for and since position Present perfect with already and yet Writing 82 UNIT 5 Writing about a dream job 82
Vocabulary | Work experience A | Listen and repeat. be a member of a robotics club tutor elementary school kids organize events volunteer with a community group raise money for charity groups work part-time study English write articles for a blog B | Look at the pictures. Choose the correct word(s) to complete each sentence. 1 234 Frank has worked part- They’ve been a member He’s organized / tutored They’ve been members time / tutored English / of a robotics club / / volunteered elementary of a charity group / studied in the library for working part-time / school kids after school. robotics club / blog since two years. studying English since last semester. the beginning of the year. 5 78 6 We’ve studied / Mona has studied / We’ve organized / raised My class has volunteered volunteered / tutored volunteered / written / volunteered events with / raised / organized with a community group to articles for a blog since last music from Mexico. money for charity groups by build houses. winter. walking. C | Listen and practice saying the sentences in B. Personal qualities D | Listen and repeat. creative flexible good with people hardworking organized 5 E | Look at the pictures. Choose the correct word(s) to complete each sentence. 1 234 My brother’s not Ida’s organized / If you’re good with Someone good Lana’s a very creative very creative / flexible / creative, people / not creative with people / not / hardworking / good with people / so she designs / not flexible, you’d organized / flexible flexible student. She organized. His desk beautiful clothing. probably make a good can make changes at studies at least an is a big mess! team leader. the last minute. hour every day. MY RÉSUMÉ 83
F | Listen and practice saying the sentences in E. I’ve tutored elementary school kids, but I’ve never G | How many of the activities in A have/haven’t written articles for a blog. you done? Tell a partner. Conversation A | Read and listen to the conversation. Kimi Have you finished writing your résumé, David? David No, I haven't finished it yet. Kimi Let me help you. David Thanks. I'm applying for a part-time writer position at the city newspaper. Kimi David, you haven't included any writing experience in your résumé. David Well, I haven't had a job as a writer yet. Kimi What do you mean? You've already written more than 50 articles for a blog. David Yes, I have, but it’s your blog. Kimi And you’ve been a member of the college writing club for two years. David Kimi, you and I are the only members of the writing club. Kimi True. But how many essays have you written since your freshman year? David A lot. OK, I guess I do have writing experience. Kimi Yes, you do. And you’re hardworking and organized. David You’re good at writing résumés, Kimi. You’re really creative. Kimi Oh, no! I’m late for my new job. David What new job? Kimi I’m working part-time as a résumé writer at the career center! B | Choose the correct answers. 1 What has David done for the last two hours? a applied for a job b written a résumé c studied for a test c the writing club's 2 Whose blog has David written for since 2010? c for three years c to the career center a Kimi's b the school's 3 How long has David worked at the school newspaper? a for one year b for two years 4 Where is Kimi going? b to the newspaper’s office a home C | Practice the conversation with a partner. 84 UNIT 12
Grammar | Present perfect with for and since A | Read and listen to the grammar presentation. Present perfect with for and since Use for with the present perfect I’ve studied English for ten years. to indicate a duration of time. You have volunteered with a community group since 2010. Use since with the present He has tutored elementary school kids for a month now. perfect to indicate a past time We’ve worked part-time at the library since high school. when something started. They have raised money for charity groups for five years. B | Write the present perfect form of the verbs in parentheses. Then write for or since. 1 John __________________ (be) a member of the environmental club ___________ more than three years. 2 Molly __________________ (assist) elderly people _____________ she entered high school. 3 I __________________ (teach) English _____________ four years now. 4 Jee Wha _______________ (raise) money for the children’s hospital _____________ the beginning of the month. 5 Michael and Harvey ____________________ (write) articles for a blog ____________ two years now. 6 Sam and I ____________________ (sing) in the local chorus _____________ we were kids. Present perfect with already and yet C | Read and listen to the grammar presentation. Present perfect with for and since Use already with affirmative I’ve already finished my big project for my science class. statements to say that you've I haven’t started my new job yet. completed something. He's already organized a lot of small events, but he hasn’t planned an Use yet with negative event for 200 people yet. statements to say that you We’ve already seen the manager, but we haven’t met her yet. haven’t completed something, but you plan to. D | W rite the present perfect form of the verbs in parentheses. Some answers require the negative form. 1 John __________ already ___________ (have) three job interviews. 2 We _____________________ (take) our final English exam yet. 3 Ken ____________________ (be) to Japan already, but he ____________________ (be) to Korea yet. 4 They love to go mountain climbing, but they _____________________ (climb) Mt. Kilimanjaro yet. 5 Marie ___________________ (travel) to Mexico many times, but she ___________________ (live) there yet. 6 I __________ already ___________ (attend) two club meetings, and I _______________ (decide) to join.. E | L ook at the conversation on page 84. Underline all the examples of the present perfect with for, since, already, and yet. F | Complete the sentences with information about you. Tell a partner. Your partner will ask questions to get more information. 1 I’ve ____________________ since__________________. I’ve studied coding for 2 I’ve ____________________ for ____________________. ten years. 3 I’ve already _____________________________________, but I haven't _________________________________ yet. MY RÉSUMÉ 85
Reading A | Read and listen. Interview don’ts 4. Not dressing for the job you want You’ve sent in your résumé. Now it’s time for the interview. What You don’t have to wear a suit to every interview, but you should can you do to make sure you get the job? Here is a list of the top dress professionally. It is never OK to wear jeans and sneakers to five mistakes people make during interviews and how to avoid an interview. them. 5. Saying bad things 1. Not making eye contact about your former boss When people are nervous, they don’t make eye contact. If you don’t, it makes you seem like you don’t have much self-confidence. Even if your former Sit up and look your interviewer in the eye. boss was really mean, you shouldn’t say bad 2. Not preparing for the interview things about him or her. Employers will worry that You should be able to talk about anything on your résumé. You you might say the same should also do some research about the company. about them. It just makes you look unprofessional. 3. Not asking questions When you don’t ask questions, interviewers think that you aren’t interested in the job. B | Read the sentences. Write T (true) or F (false). 1 ___ You shouldn't make eye contact. 2 ___ You should prepare for the interview. 3 ___ You should ask questions. 4 ___ You should always wear a suit. 5 ___ You shouldn't say bad things about your former boss. Listening A | Listen. What positions are they interviewing for? Match. a Software Developer b Marketing Associate c Youth Program Coordinator d Financial Analyst 1 ___ 2 ___ 3 ___ 4 ___ B | Listen again. Match the sentence parts. 1 ____ Dylan has... a worked as an intern since June. 2 ____ Mei has... b worked in hotel management since she graduated last year. 3 ____ Yusuf has... c volunteered at a local Youth Center for five years. 4 ____ Rishika has... d worked part-time at an export company since she finished high school. 86 UNIT 12
Speaking A | Imagine you are interviewing for one of the positions below. Talk about your experience. Use the information below and in the Speaking Video on the United companion site to help you prepare your answers. • Manager at a fashion store • Video game developer • Account manager at an advertising company OR • Chef at a restaurant • Coordinator for a youth group • Financial analyst at a bank EXPRESS YOURSELF! Well, I’ve been interested in I think I’m the ideal candidate for fashion for many years. And I your position as coordinator for have a lot of experience. I’ve a youth group. I’m the oldest of worked in office management for six kids. And my parents have always involved me in planning three years now. family outings. I am interested in your position I am applying for the chef as video game developer position because I want to take my career to the next level. I’ve because I’ve been playing video games since I was a kid. And been working in kitchens for eight years now. My most recent I’ve taken several classes about developing video games. position was sous-chef at a French restaurant. B | Talk about your topic with a partner. Your partner will play the role of interviewer and ask questions to get more information. What differences do you Do you have any other Is there a particular kind think there are between experience working with of video game you like working in an office and a children? more than others? store? MY RÉSUMÉ 87
Writing A | Read the example. Answer the questions that follow. Tell a partner. I would love to be a clothing buyer for a fashion department. I have worked in large department stores and small boutiques. And I am great at researching the best prices. I am also hardworking and learn quickly. My ideas are creative and practical, and I can make good decisions. Finally, I have often trained less experienced colleagues. • What is one qualification the writer has for being a clothing buyer for a fashion department? • Which of the writer’s qualifications do you think is the most important? Why? • What job would you like to have? Why? Are you qualified for the job? How? B | Write about a job you would love to have. Explain why you have the right skills and qualities for the job. Use the information in EXPRESS YOURSELF to help you. EXPRESS YOURSELF! I wpmpooauulilrtsdkiicclrioaatvennea.gtecorh.beer. a… I have… deaaxolrnbpeeeoaruaidtenyliotc.tteaoakfesrneaacvdlaoilnsusgnetse. er. I aalamoog…qkouionidgckfcoolermaamrnucenhirac. nagteo.r. 88 UNIT 12
PROGRESS CHECK | UNITS 9–12 Vocabulary A | Unscramble the words and match them with the correct definitions. 1 netmonum _____________________ a ___ an area in a city with many old buildings b ___ going out with someone you’ve never met 2 etulvoner _____________________ c ___ do something helpful without getting paid d ___ a device that measures how much you exercise 3 dibln adte _____________________ e ___ a building or statue that celebrates a person or event f ___ a gadget that tells you the news and plays music 4 tensic _____________________ g ___ teach children after school to give them extra help h ___ jumping out of a plane with a parachute on your back 5 rosspt earan _____________________ i ___ a small animal with six legs and usually wings j ___ a large place where you can watch a soccer game 6 digkynvis _____________________ 7 sintfes kerract _____________________ 8 ramst kapesre _____________________ 9 tocsihir tricdits _____________________ 10 rutto _____________________ B | Check your answers with a partner. Grammar A | Choose the correct words to complete the conversation. Cindy Who’s the person in this photo? Felix Oh, that’s my college friend Emma. She’s 1 most / the most adventurous person I know. Cindy I guess she likes mountain climbing…. Felix Yes, she’s 2 loved / loving mountain climbing 3 for / since she was a teenager. Her goal is to climb the 4 higher / highest mountain on each of the seven continents. Cindy Wow. How many has she 5 already / since done? Felix She’s 6 climb / climbed three of them—Denali in Alaska, Aconcagua in Argentina, and Kilimanjaro in Tanzania. That’s a picture of her on Kilimanjaro. Cindy Wow. I’ve 7 yet / never thought about snow in Africa. Felix Yeah, Emma said it was cold there. At the top, it was almost 40 degrees 8 colder / coldest than the bottom of the mountain. Cindy Have you 9 ever / yet thought about going mountain climbing with her? Felix Me? No way. My goals are 10 smaller / the smallest than Emma’s. I’m lucky if I get to the gym more than once a week. B | Listen and check your answers. Then practice the conversation with a partner. PROGRESS CHECK UNITS 9–12 89
PROGRESS CHECK | UNITS 9–12 Language in Use A | Read the sentences and look at the pictures. Match each picture with two of the sentences. Write the letters. 1 ___ Singing in front of people is the scariest thing 5 ___ The sound is better than my old speaker, too. I can imagine. 6 ___ The flower market one of the most popular sites. 2 ___ I’ve worked with this charity group for three years. 7 ___ Which is easier for you: giving a speech, or singing a solo? 3 ___ This new portable speaker is lighter than my old one. 8 ___ Every year we do a five-kilometer run to raise money. 4 ___ What are the best places to see in the city? ab cd B | Choose one of the photos. Write a conversation with a partner. Role-play your conversation. Check Your Progress A | How well do you know these things? Rate yourself. Circle one, two, or three stars. Unit Vocabulary Grammar 9 Gadgets Comparative adjectives with -er Describing gadgets Comparative adjectives with more 10 Tourist attractions Superlative adjectives with -est Superlative adjectives with the most 11 Dangerous or adventurous activities Present perfect with ever and never 12 Work experience Personal qualities Present perfect with for and since Present perfect with already and yet B | Go back to Units 9–12 and review any language that you need more help with. 90 PROGRESS CHECK UNITS 9–12
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