CH103-part Periodic table

• 1A : • ( e- ) • F-F ( e- )

IA 6Li + N2 2Li3N F IIA 3Be + N2 Be3N2 I IIIA 2Al + N2 2AlN IVA Sn + N2 / Li Cs

• 2H2O(l) , 2NH3(g) • 2H2(g) N2(g) + 3H2(g)

- B2O3 , P2O5 -2 Na2O –OH -1 –OH M(OH)n

• MO • • ( e- )

IA VIIA IA VIIA -

• ( e- ) +1 +3 +5 +7 HOCl < HClO2 < HClO3 < HClO4 +4 +6 H2SO3 < H2SO4

3 1. M+ H- ( ) s 2. interstitial hydride 3. M p +1

• H- • •3 – – M-H M –

• HBr HI • H M F HF H-F

H (1S1) ? H H+ + e- 1A ? H + e- H- 7A ? H+ H-

Group 1A (ns1, n 2) M M+1 + 1e- low ionization energy Li2O Na2O2 2M(s) + 2H2O(l) 2MOH(aq) + H2(g) KO2 RbO2 4M(s) + O2(g) 2M2O(s) CsO2 Increasing reactivity



Group 2A Elements (ns2, n 2) M M+2 + 2e- Be(s) + 2H2O(l) No Reaction Mg(s) + 2H2O(g) Mg(OH)2(aq) + H2(g) M(s) + 2H2O(l) M(OH)2(aq) + H2(g) M = Ca, Sr, or Ba Increasing reactivity



Group 3A Elements (ns2np1, n 2) B 4Al(s) + 3O2(g) 2Al2O3(s) 2Al(s) + 6H+(aq) 2Al3+(aq) + 3H2(g)



Group 4A Elements (ns2np2, n 2) : CO2, CO, SiO2 (oxidation No. 4 2 2) (oxidation No. 4 4) Sn(s) + 2H+(g) Sn2+(s) + H2 (g) Pb(s) + 2H+(aq) ) Pb2+(aq) + H2(g) (oxidation No. 2



Group 5A Elements (ns2np3, n 2) : N2O, NO2, N2O4, N2O5, P4O6, P4O10 N2O5(s) + H2O(l) 2 HNO3(aq) P4O10(s) + 6H2O(l) 4 H3PO4(aq)



Group 6A Elements (ns2np4, n 2) SO3(s) + H2O(l) : SO2, SO3 H2SO4(aq)



Group 7A Elements (ns2np5, n 2) X + 1e- X-1 X2(g) + H2(g) 2HX(g) Increasing reactivity



Group 8A Elements (ns2np6, n 2)





Na2O(s) + H2O(l) 2 NaOH(aq) MgO(s) + 2 HCl(aq) MgCl2(aq) + H2O(l) Al2O3(s) + 6 HCl(aq) 2 AlCl3(aq) + 3 H2O(l) Al2O3(s) + 2 NaOH(aq) + 3 H2O(l) 2 NaAl(OH)4(aq) SiO2(s) + 2 NaOH(aq) 2 Na2SiO3(aq) + H2O(l) P4O10 (s), SO3(g), Cl2O7 + H2O ?

Na2O MgO Al2O3 SiO2 P4O10 SO3 Cl2O7 - 3 (oC) 1275 2800 2045 1610 580 16.8 -91.5 (oC) ? 3600 2980 2230 ? 44.8 82

- - -

. .1969 (Gland T. Xebork) 168 104 Hega-hafnium Rutherfordium 105 Ega-tantalum Hafnium 122 153 32 super actinide

(Gland T. Xebork) “ ” = 2.6143 x - 9.2123