S pecial sense By- Andrew ding 3B
T able of contents Key terms (page 3) Function/diseases-disorder (page 4) Vocabulary (page 5) Health care (page 6) Label system (page 7) Source of research (page 8)
Key terms ● Irid/o - iris ● -cusis - hearing ● -opia - ear condition ● ot/o - ear ● tympan/o - eardrum ● ophthalm/o - eye ● -metry - process of measuring ● presby/o - old age ● vitre/o- glassy ● blephar/o- eyelid ● cor/o - pupil ● steat/o - sebum; fat ● phac/o - lens of the eye
F unction Special senses are also involved in a nervous system function known as sensory input. These senses monitor stimuli, or changes in the external / internal environment. When the neural receptors are activated inside of the special sense organs, a neural impulse is transmitted to the brain. Then the impulse is acted upon by the body. Diseases / Disorders Cataract - Clouding of the lens that results in decreased visual acuity; caused by accumulation of protein in the lens Entropion - Inversion (turning inward) of the eyelid, causing the eyelashes to irritate the surface of the eye; can potentially cause corneal abrasion. Retinal Detachment - Emergency condition in which the retina separates from the layer of blood vessels that supports it. Common symptoms include floaters (small pecks, squiggly lines, or hair-like strands in the field of vision), flashing lights, and a shadow that gradually obscures vision. Without immediate treatment, blindness ensues. Tinnitus - Sensation of noises (such as ringing, buzzing, or whistling) in the ears when no sound is present. Neuropathy - A disease of the nerves that involves pain or loss of sensation, most commonly in the extremities.
Vocabulary ● Olfaction - sense of smell. we can sense up to 10,000 smells. ● cerebral cortex - receives all stimuli from special senses ● Equilibrium - sense of motion and balance. utricle and saccule. ● bony labyrinth - a shell made of bone protects the membranous labyrinth. ● semicircular canals - one of three semicircular, interconnected tubes located inside each ear. the three canals are: horizontal semicircular canal (lateral semicircular canal), superior semicircular canal (anterior semicircular canal),and the posterior semicircular canal. ● Cochlea - shaped like a snail shell. the organ for hearing. It is coiled like a tube on the anterior side of the vestibule. ● Vestibule - chamber that begins the labyrinth and contains the organs for equilibrium. ● membranous labyrinth - fluid filled tubes that house receptors for hearing and equilibrium. ● Perilymph - contains cell bodies of sensory neurons that monitor hair cells in the organ of corti ● Ampulla - contains receptors for rotation in semicircular ducts. ● Decibel - unit of sound intensity ● taste buds- are made up of 40-60 cells. 3 types of cells:1. taste cells are not considered neurons, 2. supporting cells, 3. basal cells. function: taste cells contain microvilli called taste hairs. function as receptors by synapsing with sensory nerve fibers. only live 7-10 days and replaced by basal cells. ● Filliform - area contains no taste buds makes the tongue rough on a cat tongue ● Vallate - form V posterior to the tongue only 7-12 contains 250 taste buds each.
H ealth care Ophthalmologists - An ophthalmologist diagnoses and treats all eye diseases, performs eye surgery and prescribes and fits eyeglasses and contact lenses to correct vision problems. Many ophthalmologists are also involved in scientific research on the causes and cures for eye diseases and vision disorders. osteopathic doctor - An osteopath is a licensed physician who practices medicine using both conventional treatments and osteopathic manipulative medicine, which focuses on relieving pain and tension in the musculoskeletal system
L abel system
S ource of research W WW.g-wonlinetextbooks.com https://quizlet.com/22450197/special-sense s-flash-cards/ https://www.aao.org/eye-health/tips-prevent ion/what-is-ophthalmologist\\ https://www.google.com/webhp?authuser=1 &safe=active&ssui=on
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